A three-level master control device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of three-level main control device, belong to battery energy storage control equipment technical field, including BMS three-level controller, storage unit, clock unit, the communication unit with several kinds of communication interface and the power unit for the power supply of entire device;Storage unit, clock unit and communication unit are all connected to BMS three-level controller.The three-level main control device in the utility model integrates CAN bus interface, 485 interface, Ethernet interface and WIFI / Bluetooth interface and other various communication interfaces, can directly adapt to the access needs of diversified equipment, avoids the data exchange problem caused by communication interface mismatch, improves the communication compatibility and interoperability between equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of battery energy storage control equipment, specifically relating to a three-level main control device. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of global industrialization, electricity demand has surged dramatically. Traditional power generation methods, reliant on fossil fuels, not only face the crisis of resource depletion but also cause serious environmental pollution problems. Therefore, the development and utilization of renewable energy (RES) has become a key approach to solving this dilemma. Wind power and photovoltaic power generation, as the main forms of RES, have been widely promoted and applied in recent years. However, RES power generation has significant time-series and volatility, and direct integration into the power grid poses a challenge to the stable operation of the grid, affecting the quality and reliability of power supply.

[0003] To address the challenges posed by grid connection of Resisted Energy Generation (RES) power generation, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) have emerged. As a highly efficient bidirectional energy regulator, BESS effectively mitigates fluctuations in RES power generation, ensuring the grid operates in a safe and stable state. Within a BESS, a three-stage master control unit plays a crucial role, monitoring and managing the battery stack's data and controlling the charging and discharging of the batteries as needed.

[0004] In existing technologies, three-level master control devices typically require powerful data processing and communication capabilities to achieve precise control of the battery stack and smooth communication with the power grid. However, traditional three-level master control devices often have limitations in terms of communication interfaces. The communication interfaces are often limited and cannot adapt to the diverse device access requirements, resulting in mismatches between communication interfaces and affecting the smoothness and compatibility of data exchange. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing three-level master control devices, which have a single communication interface, making it difficult to adapt to the diverse access needs of devices, resulting in mismatched communication interfaces between devices and affecting the smoothness and compatibility of data exchange. The invention provides a three-level master control device to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A three-level master control device includes a BMS three-level controller, a storage unit, a clock unit, a communication unit with several communication interfaces, and a power supply unit that supplies power to the entire device; the storage unit, clock unit, and communication unit are all connected to the BMS three-level controller.

[0008] Further improvements to this technical solution include a communication unit comprising a CAN bus interface, a 485 interface, an Ethernet interface, and a WIFI / Bluetooth interface, all of which are connected to the BMS level 3 controller.

[0009] Further improvements to this technical solution include a CAN bus interface comprising a 3-channel CAN bus interface circuit, which includes a CAN transceiver U1, a capacitor C1, a common-mode choke L1, a resistor R1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, and a transient suppression diode TVS1.

[0010] The first power supply pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to a 3.3V power supply and grounded through capacitor C1. The transmit pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the receive pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The receive pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the receive pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The second power supply pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to a positive 5V power supply. The CAN high-potential pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the first end of the first coil of common-mode choke L1. The CAN low-potential pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the first end of the second coil of common-mode choke L1. The second end of the first coil of common-mode choke L1 is connected to the first end of resistor R1, the first end of capacitor C2, the first end of transient suppression diode TVS1, and the external CAN high-potential bus. The second end of the second coil of common-mode choke L1 is connected to the first end of capacitor C3, the second end of resistor R1, the second end of transient suppression diode TVS1, and the external CAN low-potential bus. The second ends of capacitor C2, capacitor C3, and the third end of transient suppression diode YVS1 are all grounded.

[0011] Further improvements to this technical solution include: the 485 interface includes 6 485 interface circuits; the 485 interface circuit includes a power isolation sub-circuit and a surge protection sub-circuit; the power isolation sub-circuit includes an isolation chip U2 and a capacitor C4; and the surge protection sub-circuit includes a 485 transceiver U3, a common-mode choke L2, and a resistor R2.

[0012] The first power supply pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to a 3.3V power supply and grounded through capacitor C4. The first input pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to the 485 transmit pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The first output pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to the 485 receive pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The second power supply pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to a +5V power supply. The second input pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to the data output pin of the 485 transceiver. The second output pin of isolation chip U2 drives the input pin. The power supply pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to a +5V power supply. The non-inverting input pin of the isolation chip U2 is connected to the first end of the first coil of the common-mode choke L2, and the inverting input pin of the isolation chip U2 is connected to the first end of the second coil of the common-mode choke L2. The second end of the first coil of the common-mode choke L2 is connected to the first end of the resistor R2, the first end of the transient suppression diode TVS2, and line A of the external 485 bus. The second end of the second coil of the common-mode choke L2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R2, the second end of the transient suppression diode TVS2, and line B of the external 485 bus. The third end of the transient suppression diode TVS2 is grounded.

[0013] Further improvements to this technical solution include an Ethernet interface comprising two Ethernet interface circuits, which include an Ethernet transceiver U4, resistors R3 to R19, capacitors C5 to C19, a crystal oscillator X1, an inductor L3, and ferrite beads FB1 to FB4.

[0014] The first to sixth pins of Ethernet transceiver U4 are connected to the first to sixth pins of the BMS level 3 controller via resistors R3 to R8, respectively. The seventh to twelfth pins of Ethernet transceiver U4 are connected to the seventh to twelfth pins of the BMS level 3 controller via resistors R9 to R14, respectively. The first terminal of capacitor C5 is connected to the twelfth pin of Ethernet transceiver U4, and the second terminal of capacitor C5 is grounded. The thirteenth pin of Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the thirteenth pin of the BMS level 3 controller via resistor R15. The fourteenth pin of Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the fourteenth pin of the BMS level 3 controller and connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R16. The fifteenth pin of Ethernet transceiver U4... Pin 15 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to pin 15 of the BMS Level 3 controller and connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R17. Pin 16 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to pin 16 of the BMS Level 3 controller and connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R18. Pin 17 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C6 and the first terminal of crystal oscillator X1. Pin 18 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C7 and the second terminal of crystal oscillator X1. The second terminals of capacitors C6 and C7, as well as the third and fourth terminals of crystal oscillator X1, are grounded. Pins 19 to 26 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 are connected to an external Ethernet communication line. Pin 27 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R19. Pins 28 to 30 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 are all connected to a 10V analog power supply and grounded through parallel capacitors C8 to C10. Pin 31 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C11 and the first terminal of ferrite bead FB1. The second terminal of ferrite bead FB1 is connected to the 10V analog power supply. Pin 32 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected through inductor L1 to the first terminals of capacitors C12, C13, and FB1. The second terminals of capacitors C11, C12, and C13 are all grounded. Pin 33 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the digital power supply, the first terminal of capacitor C14, the first terminal of capacitor C15, and FB2. The first terminal of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C16, the second terminal of capacitor C17 and the first terminal of ferrite bead FB3. The second terminal of capacitor C16 and the second terminal of capacitor C17 are both grounded. The second terminal of ferrite bead FB3 is connected to the 3.3V power supply. The 36th and 37th pins of the Ethernet transceiver U4 are both connected to the digital power supply, the first terminal of capacitor C18, the first terminal of capacitor C19 and the first terminal of ferrite bead FB4. The second terminals of capacitor C18 and the second terminals of capacitor C19 are both grounded. The second terminal of ferrite bead FB4 is connected to the 3.3V power supply.

[0015] Further improvements to this technical solution include a WIFI / Bluetooth interface comprising resistor R20, resistor R21, capacitor C20, capacitor C21, and crystal oscillator X2.

[0016] The first end of resistor R20 is connected to the WIFI / Bluetooth interface pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The second end of resistor R20 is connected to the first end of resistor R21, the first end of capacitor C20, and the external WIFI / Bluetooth module. The second end of resistor R21 is connected to the 1.8V power supply. The second end of capacitor C20 is grounded. The first end of crystal oscillator X2 is connected to the 1.8V power supply and the first end of capacitor C21. The second end of capacitor C21 is grounded. The second end of crystal oscillator X2 is connected to the external WIFI / Bluetooth module.

[0017] Further improvements to this technical solution include a display interface and a storage interface. The BMS level 3 controller is connected to an external LCD touchscreen via the display interface, and the BMS level 3 controller is connected to an external memory / external storage device via the storage interface.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] Diverse communication interfaces enhance compatibility: The three-level main control device in this invention integrates multiple communication interfaces such as CAN bus interface, 485 interface, Ethernet interface and WIFI / Bluetooth interface, which can directly adapt to the access needs of diverse devices, avoid data exchange problems caused by incompatible communication interfaces, and improve communication compatibility and interoperability between devices.

[0020] Enhanced anti-interference capability: Common-mode chokes, transient suppression diodes, resistors and capacitors are used in the CAN bus interface and 485 interface circuits to effectively suppress interference and noise during signal transmission, thereby improving the stability and reliability of signal transmission.

[0021] Achieving electrical isolation and protection: The 485 interface circuit is equipped with a power isolation sub-circuit and a surge protection sub-circuit, which achieves electrical isolation and surge protection, effectively preventing damage to the equipment caused by electrical faults such as voltage surges or short circuits, and improving the electrical safety and stability of the equipment.

[0022] Facilitates wireless access and remote monitoring: The WIFI / Bluetooth interface allows the three-level main control device to easily access the wireless network, improving the flexibility and convenience of the device.

[0023] Furthermore, the design principle of this utility model is reliable, the structure is simple, and it has a very wide range of application prospects.

[0024] It is evident that this utility model has outstanding substantive features and significant progress compared with the prior art, and the beneficial effects of its implementation are also obvious. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the overall relationship of the three-level main control device.

[0027] Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic of UP1A, the first main control chip in the BMS three-level controller.

[0028] Figure 3 This is the circuit schematic of UP1B, the second main control chip in the BMS three-level controller.

[0029] Figure 4 This is the circuit schematic of the UP1C, the third main control chip in the BMS three-level controller.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a 3-channel CAN bus interface circuit.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of three of the 485 interface circuits.

[0032] Figure 7 This is the schematic diagram of the other three 485 interface circuits in the 485 interface.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of one of the Ethernet interface circuits in an Ethernet interface.

[0034] Figure 9 This is the schematic diagram of another Ethernet interface circuit in the Ethernet interface.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram for a WIFI / Bluetooth interface. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0038] The key terms appearing in this utility model are explained below.

[0039] BMS, short for Battery Management System, is a technology specifically designed to monitor battery packs. It is primarily responsible for monitoring, controlling, and managing various battery performance parameters to ensure safe, stable, and long-term operation. BMS effectively manages the battery by monitoring its state parameters in real time (such as individual cell voltage, terminal temperature, and circuit current) and performing necessary analysis and calculations. Furthermore, BMS also features charge / discharge control, fault diagnosis, and alarm functions, providing strong support for the safe operation of energy storage systems and other related fields.

[0040] MCU stands for Microcontroller Unit. It is a microcomputer that integrates a central processing unit (CPU), memory, and input / output interface (I / O) onto a single chip. It can realize terminal control functions and has the advantages of high performance, low power consumption, programmability, and high flexibility.

[0041] CAN, short for Controller Area Network, is one of the most widely used fieldbuses internationally, primarily used in industrial and automotive electronic systems to achieve efficient communication between various functional modules. The CAN bus employs non-destructive bus arbitration technology and features multi-master operation, allowing any node on the network to actively send information to other nodes at any time. Furthermore, the CAN bus uses message identifiers to identify nodes on the network, thus classifying nodes into different priorities to ensure real-time and reliable communication.

[0042] WIFI, short for Wireless Fidelity, is a technology that allows electronic devices to connect to the internet or local area network without a physical connection. It represents the fidelity of wireless transmission, meaning that WIFI technology can provide wireless data transmission performance comparable to wired connections.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a three-level master control device, including a BMS three-level controller, a storage unit, a clock unit, a communication unit with several communication interfaces, and a power supply unit that supplies power to the entire device; the storage unit, clock unit, and communication unit are all connected to the BMS three-level controller. The BMS three-level controller is an MCU, capable of receiving environmental information such as fire alarms and air conditioning, as well as large-scale information from the BMS two-level controller.

[0044] Specifically, the communication unit includes a CAN bus interface, a RS-485 interface, an Ethernet interface, and a Wi-Fi / Bluetooth interface, all of which are connected to the BMS level 3 controller. This invention, by integrating multiple communication interfaces such as CAN bus, RS-485, Ethernet, and Wi-Fi / Bluetooth, can directly adapt to the access needs of diverse devices, avoiding data exchange problems caused by incompatible communication interfaces and improving communication compatibility and interoperability between devices.

[0045] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the BMS three-level controller includes three-level main control chips: UP1A, UP1B, and UP1C. The CAN bus interface and RS485 interface are connected to the UP1A, the RS485 interface and Ethernet interface are connected to the UP1B, and the Ethernet interface and Wi-Fi / Bluetooth interface are connected to the UP1C. The UP1A integrates both CAN bus and RS485 industrial bus interfaces, meeting the communication needs of traditional automotive electronic systems while also being compatible with industrial equipment monitoring scenarios, forming a dual-protocol redundancy guarantee. The Ethernet + wireless interface combination of UP1B / UP1C constructs a complete network topology from LAN to WAN. The heterogeneous dual-mode design of Ethernet and Wi-Fi / Bluetooth ensures that the communication link is maintained even in the event of a single network failure.

[0046] like Figure 5As shown, the CAN bus interface includes three CAN bus interface circuits. The CAN bus interface circuit includes a CAN transceiver U1, a capacitor C1, a common-mode choke L1, a resistor R1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, and a transient suppression diode TVS1. Among them, the CAN transceiver U1 adopts the ISO1050DUBR CAN transceiver, which has high-speed data transmission capability and provides good electromagnetic compatibility and anti-interference performance. This helps maintain the stability of CAN bus communication in complex electromagnetic environments, reducing data loss and communication errors, thereby improving the reliability of the entire system. The common-mode choke L1 uses a CHOKE CM model, specifically designed to suppress common-mode noise, effectively reducing common-mode current caused by external electromagnetic interference and protecting the CAN bus signal from interference. The transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 uses a NUP2105LT1G model, which has extremely fast response time and high energy absorption capability, enabling it to quickly conduct during transient overvoltage events, clamping the overvoltage to a safe level and protecting the CAN bus circuit from damage. This is crucial for preventing transient overvoltage surges caused by lightning strikes, electrostatic discharge, etc., ensuring the long-term stable operation of the CAN bus interface. Finally, a three-channel CAN bus interface circuit is designed, which not only increases the number of communication channels but also improves the system's redundancy and fault tolerance. Even if one CAN bus interface fails, the other two can still maintain communication, ensuring the continuous transmission of critical system information and the continuous operation of the entire system.

[0047] Specifically, the first power supply pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to a 3.3V power supply and grounded through capacitor C1. The transmit pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the receive pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The receive pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the receive pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The second power supply pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to a positive 5V power supply. The CAN high-potential pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the first end of the first coil of common-mode choke L1. The CAN low-potential pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the first end of the second coil of common-mode choke L1. The second end of the first coil of common-mode choke L1 is connected to the first end of resistor R1, the first end of capacitor C2, the first end of transient suppression diode TVS1, and the external CAN high-potential bus. The second end of the second coil of common-mode choke L1 is connected to the first end of capacitor C3, the second end of resistor R1, the second end of transient suppression diode TVS1, and the external CAN low-potential bus. The second ends of capacitor C2, capacitor C3, and the third end of transient suppression diode YVS1 are all grounded.

[0048] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the 485 interface includes six 485 interface circuits. Each 485 interface circuit includes a power isolation sub-circuit and a surge protection sub-circuit. The power isolation sub-circuit includes an isolation chip U2 and a capacitor C4. The surge protection sub-circuit includes a 485 transceiver U3, a common-mode choke L2, and a resistor R2. The isolation chip U2 is a PI122U31 model, which provides efficient electrical isolation, effectively blocking the direct electrical connection between the 485 interface circuit and the BMS level 3 controller, thus preventing potential ground potential differences, fault currents, or noise from interfering with or damaging the BMS level 3 controller. The 485 transceiver U3 is a [model missing]. The MAX485 is a high-performance RS-485 transceiver with excellent differential reception and transmission capabilities. It maintains stable communication over long distances and in noisy environments, thus improving system communication performance and reliability. The MAX485 transceiver integrates a differential receiver, effectively suppressing common-mode noise and interference to ensure the integrity of the communication signal. The common-mode choke L2 uses an ACM2012-900 common-mode choke, which reduces common-mode current caused by external electromagnetic interference, further protecting the RS-485 bus signal from interference and improving communication quality. Finally, the design of a 6-channel RS-485 interface circuit not only increases the number of communication channels but also improves system redundancy and scalability.

[0049] Specifically, the first power supply pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to a 3.3V power supply and grounded through capacitor C4. The first input pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to the 485 transmit pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The first output pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to the 485 receive pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The second power supply pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to a +5V power supply. The second input pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to the data output pin of the 485 transceiver. The second output pin of isolation chip U2 drives the input pin. The power supply pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to a +5V power supply. The non-inverting input pin of the isolation chip U2 is connected to the first end of the first coil of the common-mode choke L2, and the inverting input pin of the isolation chip U2 is connected to the first end of the second coil of the common-mode choke L2. The second end of the first coil of the common-mode choke L2 is connected to the first end of the resistor R2, the first end of the transient suppression diode TVS2, and line A of the external 485 bus. The second end of the second coil of the common-mode choke L2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R2, the second end of the transient suppression diode TVS2, and line B of the external 485 bus. The third end of the transient suppression diode TVS2 is grounded.

[0050] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the Ethernet interface includes two Ethernet interface circuits. These circuits consist of an Ethernet transceiver U4, resistors R3 to R19, capacitors C5 to C19, a crystal oscillator X1, an inductor L3, and ferrite beads FB1 to FB4. The Ethernet transceiver U4 is a YT8521S model. The YT8521S Ethernet transceiver supports high-speed data transmission, meeting the high bandwidth and speed requirements of modern network communication and ensuring data real-time performance and integrity. The YT8521S Ethernet transceiver also exhibits excellent electromagnetic compatibility, enabling stable operation in complex electromagnetic environments and reducing communication failures caused by electromagnetic interference. Furthermore, the ferrite beads effectively suppress high-frequency noise and electromagnetic interference, significantly reducing the impact of noise on the circuit and improving system stability and reliability. Finally, the design of two Ethernet interface circuits increases the number of communication channels, enhancing the system's communication capabilities and flexibility.

[0051] Specifically, pins 1 to 6 of Ethernet transceiver U4 are connected to pins 1 to 6 of the BMS level 3 controller via resistors R3 to R8, respectively. Pins 7 to 12 of Ethernet transceiver U4 are connected to pins 7 to 12 of the BMS level 3 controller via resistors R9 to R14, respectively. The first terminal of capacitor C5 is connected to pin 12 of Ethernet transceiver U4, and the second terminal of capacitor C5 is grounded. Pin 13 of Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to pin 13 of the BMS level 3 controller via resistor R15. Pin 14 of Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to pin 14 of the BMS level 3 controller and is connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R16. Pin 15 is connected to pin 15 of the BMS Level 3 controller and to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R17. Pin 16 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to pin 16 of the BMS Level 3 controller and to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R18. Pin 17 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C6 and the first terminal of crystal oscillator X1. Pin 18 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C7 and the second terminal of crystal oscillator X1. The second terminals of capacitors C6 and C7, as well as the third and fourth terminals of crystal oscillator X1, are all grounded. Pins 19 to 26 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 are connected to an external Ethernet communication line. Pin 27 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R18. 9. Grounding: Pins 28 to 30 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 are all connected to a 10V analog power supply and grounded through parallel capacitors C8 to C10. Pin 31 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C11 and the first terminal of ferrite bead FB1. The second terminal of ferrite bead FB1 is connected to the 10V analog power supply. Pin 32 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected through inductor L1 to the first terminals of capacitors C12, C13, and FB1. The second terminals of capacitors C11, C12, and C13 are all grounded. Pin 33 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the digital power supply, the first terminal of capacitor C14, the first terminal of capacitor C15, and FB1. The first terminal of 2, the second terminals of capacitor C14 and C15 are both grounded, the second terminal of ferrite bead FB2 is connected to a 3.3V power supply, the thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth pins of Ethernet transceiver U4 are both connected to the first terminal of capacitor C16, the first terminal of capacitor C17 and the first terminal of ferrite bead FB3, the second terminals of capacitor C16 and C17 are both grounded, the second terminal of ferrite bead FB3 is connected to a 3.3V power supply, the thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh pins of Ethernet transceiver U4 are both connected to a digital power supply, the first terminal of capacitor C18, the first terminal of capacitor C19 and the first terminal of ferrite bead FB4, the second terminals of capacitor C18 and C19 are both grounded, and the second terminal of ferrite bead FB4 is connected to a 3.3V power supply.

[0052] like Figure 10 As shown, the WIFI / Bluetooth interface includes resistors R20 and R21, capacitors C20 and C21, and crystal oscillator X2. The first end of resistor R20 is connected to the WIFI / Bluetooth interface pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The second end of resistor R20 is connected to the first end of resistor R21, the first end of capacitor C20, and an external WIFI / Bluetooth module. The second end of resistor R21 is connected to a 1.8V power supply, and the second end of capacitor C20 is grounded. The first end of crystal oscillator X2 is connected to the 1.8V power supply and the first end of capacitor C21. The second end of capacitor C21 is grounded, and the second end of crystal oscillator X2 is connected to the external WIFI / Bluetooth module. This invention, through the designed resistor, capacitor, and crystal oscillator circuit, significantly enhances the communication stability of the WIFI / Bluetooth interface and reduces communication failures caused by power supply noise, frequency instability, or level mismatch. The WIFI / Bluetooth interface allows the level 3 controller to easily access wireless networks, improving the flexibility and convenience of the device.

[0053] In addition, the device includes a display interface and a storage interface. The BMS Level 3 controller connects to an external LCD touchscreen via the display interface and to an external memory / external storage device via the storage interface. By connecting to the external LCD touchscreen via the display interface, the BMS Level 3 controller can display the received battery pack status information (such as charge, temperature, voltage, current, etc.) on the screen in real time, allowing users to intuitively understand the battery pack's operating status. The LCD touchscreen provides a user-friendly interface, improving the user experience. By connecting to an external memory / external storage device (such as an SD card, USB flash drive, hard drive, etc.) via the storage interface, the BMS Level 3 controller can store more historical data, log files, and other information. Furthermore, the external storage device provides a persistent data storage solution, ensuring that important data is not lost even if the system is powered off or restarted, guaranteeing data integrity and reliability.

[0054] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A three-level master control device, characterized in that, It includes a BMS three-level controller, a storage unit, a clock unit, a communication unit with several communication interfaces, and a power supply unit that powers the entire device; the storage unit, clock unit, and communication unit are all connected to the BMS three-level controller.

2. The three-level main control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication unit includes a CAN bus interface, a 485 interface, an Ethernet interface, and a WIFI / Bluetooth interface. The CAN bus interface, 485 interface, Ethernet interface, and WIFI / Bluetooth interface are all connected to the BMS level 3 controller.

3. The three-level master control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The CAN bus interface includes 3 CAN bus interface circuits, which include a CAN transceiver U1, a capacitor C1, a common-mode choke L1, a resistor R1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, and a transient suppression diode TVS1. The first power supply pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to a 3.3V power supply and grounded through capacitor C1. The transmit pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the receive pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The receive pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the receive pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The second power supply pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to a positive 5V power supply. The CAN high-potential pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the first end of the first coil of common-mode choke L1. The CAN low-potential pin of CAN transceiver U1 is connected to the first end of the second coil of common-mode choke L1. The second end of the first coil of common-mode choke L1 is connected to the first end of resistor R1, the first end of capacitor C2, the first end of transient suppression diode TVS1, and the external CAN high-potential bus. The second end of the second coil of common-mode choke L1 is connected to the first end of capacitor C3, the second end of resistor R1, the second end of transient suppression diode TVS1, and the external CAN low-potential bus. The second ends of capacitor C2, capacitor C3, and the third end of transient suppression diode YVS1 are all grounded.

4. The three-level main control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The 485 interface includes 6 485 interface circuits. The 485 interface circuits include a power isolation sub-circuit and a surge protection sub-circuit. The power isolation sub-circuit includes an isolation chip U2 and a capacitor C4. The surge protection sub-circuit includes a 485 transceiver U3, a common-mode choke L2, and a resistor R2. The first power supply pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to a 3.3V power supply and grounded through capacitor C4. The first input pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to the 485 transmit pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The first output pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to the 485 receive pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The second power supply pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to a +5V power supply. The second input pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to the data output pin of the 485 transceiver. The second output pin of isolation chip U2 drives the input pin. The power supply pin of isolation chip U2 is connected to a +5V power supply. The non-inverting input pin of the isolation chip U2 is connected to the first end of the first coil of the common-mode choke L2, and the inverting input pin of the isolation chip U2 is connected to the first end of the second coil of the common-mode choke L2. The second end of the first coil of the common-mode choke L2 is connected to the first end of the resistor R2, the first end of the transient suppression diode TVS2, and line A of the external 485 bus. The second end of the second coil of the common-mode choke L2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R2, the second end of the transient suppression diode TVS2, and line B of the external 485 bus. The third end of the transient suppression diode TVS2 is grounded.

5. The three-level master control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Ethernet interface includes two Ethernet interface circuits, which include an Ethernet transceiver U4, resistors R3 to R19, capacitors C5 to C19, a crystal oscillator X1, an inductor L3, and ferrite beads FB1 to FB4. The first to sixth pins of Ethernet transceiver U4 are connected to the first to sixth pins of the BMS level 3 controller via resistors R3 to R8, respectively. The seventh to twelfth pins of Ethernet transceiver U4 are connected to the seventh to twelfth pins of the BMS level 3 controller via resistors R9 to R14, respectively. The first terminal of capacitor C5 is connected to the twelfth pin of Ethernet transceiver U4, and the second terminal of capacitor C5 is grounded. The thirteenth pin of Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the thirteenth pin of the BMS level 3 controller via resistor R15. The fourteenth pin of Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the fourteenth pin of the BMS level 3 controller and connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R16. The fifteenth pin of Ethernet transceiver U4... Pin 15 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to pin 15 of the BMS Level 3 controller and connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R17. Pin 16 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to pin 16 of the BMS Level 3 controller and connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R18. Pin 17 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C6 and the first terminal of crystal oscillator X1. Pin 18 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C7 and the second terminal of crystal oscillator X1. The second terminals of capacitors C6 and C7, as well as the third and fourth terminals of crystal oscillator X1, are grounded. Pins 19 to 26 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 are connected to an external Ethernet communication line. Pin 27 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R19. Pins 28 to 30 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 are all connected to a 10V analog power supply and grounded through parallel capacitors C8 to C10. Pin 31 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C11 and the first terminal of ferrite bead FB1. The second terminal of ferrite bead FB1 is connected to the 10V analog power supply. Pin 32 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected through inductor L1 to the first terminals of capacitors C12, C13, and FB1. The second terminals of capacitors C11, C12, and C13 are all grounded. Pin 33 of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the digital power supply, the first terminal of capacitor C14, the first terminal of capacitor C15, and FB2. The first terminal of the Ethernet transceiver U4 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C16, the second terminal of capacitor C17 and the first terminal of ferrite bead FB3. The second terminal of capacitor C16 and the second terminal of capacitor C17 are both grounded. The second terminal of ferrite bead FB3 is connected to the 3.3V power supply. The 36th and 37th pins of the Ethernet transceiver U4 are both connected to the digital power supply, the first terminal of capacitor C18, the first terminal of capacitor C19 and the first terminal of ferrite bead FB4. The second terminals of capacitor C18 and the second terminals of capacitor C19 are both grounded. The second terminal of ferrite bead FB4 is connected to the 3.3V power supply.

6. The three-level main control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The WIFI / Bluetooth interface includes resistor R20, resistor R21, capacitor C20, capacitor C21, and crystal oscillator X2; The first end of resistor R20 is connected to the WIFI / Bluetooth interface pin of the BMS level 3 controller. The second end of resistor R20 is connected to the first end of resistor R21, the first end of capacitor C20, and the external WIFI / Bluetooth module. The second end of resistor R21 is connected to the 1.8V power supply. The second end of capacitor C20 is grounded. The first end of crystal oscillator X2 is connected to the 1.8V power supply and the first end of capacitor C21. The second end of capacitor C21 is grounded. The second end of crystal oscillator X2 is connected to the external WIFI / Bluetooth module.

7. The three-level master control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a display interface and a storage interface. The BMS Level 3 controller is connected to an external LCD touch screen through the display interface, and the BMS Level 3 controller is connected to an external memory / external storage device through the storage interface.

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