A shielding jig for stainless steel local precision spray plating
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUIZHOU HEMEI TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-07
AI Technical Summary
[0004]现有不锈钢局部精密喷镀技术存在的主要问题是工艺依赖多道高污染工序实现局部遮蔽，环保性差且流程冗余，从工艺设计来看，现有工艺需通过电泳、镭雕、脱漆三道核心工序配合才能实现非镀区域遮蔽，脱漆工序依赖有机溶剂溶解电泳漆层，溶剂挥发残留或清洗不彻底会形成含化学污染物的废水，镭雕工序通过激光去除待镀区域漆层时会产生漆层粉尘，这些污染物的产生源于工艺对化学试剂和物理去除方式的依赖，且缺乏有效的一体化污染控制设计，难以适配环保减排的行业要求
1.本实用新型通过一体化遮蔽结构设计，成功省去了传统工艺中含溶剂与树脂的电泳工序、产生粉尘的镭雕工序以及依赖有机溶剂的脱漆工序，从源头避免了含氨氮废水的产生和粉尘污染，实现了环保减排的目标；同时无需多次上下挂工件，可直接通过治具完成精密局部遮蔽与喷镀的协同作业，便于接入自动化生产线，有效稳定产品良率并显著提升生产效率。
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Figure CN224605117U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of local precision spraying technology, specifically a masking fixture for local precision spraying of stainless steel. Background Technology
[0002] Precision localized spraying technology for stainless steel is widely used in electronic components, automotive parts, aerospace components and other fields. These fields have precise requirements for the conductivity, corrosion resistance and decorative effect of specific areas of the workpiece. As end products develop towards miniaturization and high precision, the market's requirements for the precision control, production efficiency and environmental compliance of stainless steel localized spraying continue to increase.
[0003] Currently, the mainstream process for achieving localized precision spraying of stainless steel in the industry mostly adopts the process of "hanging-electrophoresis-laser engraving-hanging-gold plating-paint removal". The core is to form an overall masking paint layer on the surface of the workpiece through electrophoresis, then use laser engraving to remove the paint layer of the area to be plated, and finally complete the localized electroplating by a second hanging process. The remaining masking paint layer is then removed with a paint remover. Some companies will use traditional rigid fixtures to fix the workpiece, relying on mechanical clamping force to achieve the positioning of the workpiece, while using additional masking structures to isolate the non-plating areas.
[0004] The main problem with existing stainless steel partial precision spraying technology is that the process relies on multiple highly polluting steps to achieve partial masking, resulting in poor environmental performance and redundant processes. From a process design perspective, the existing process requires the cooperation of three core processes: electrophoresis, laser engraving, and paint stripping, to achieve masking of non-plated areas. The paint stripping process relies on organic solvents to dissolve the electrophoretic paint layer. Solvent evaporation residues or incomplete cleaning will form wastewater containing chemical pollutants. The laser engraving process generates paint dust when removing the paint layer in the area to be plated using lasers. The generation of these pollutants stems from the process's reliance on chemical reagents and physical removal methods, and the lack of an effective integrated pollution control design makes it difficult to meet the industry requirements for environmental protection and emission reduction. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a masking fixture for local precision spraying of stainless steel, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0006] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A masking fixture for local precision spraying of stainless steel includes a cathode conductive plate, a workpiece, a workpiece fixing panel, and a fixing base. Several conductive springs are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the cathode conductive plate. The fixing base is a horizontally arranged hollow structure, and the edge of the hollow cavity of the fixing base is provided with a panel fixing edge. The edge of the workpiece fixing panel is in contact with the panel fixing edge. The workpiece is sandwiched between the workpiece fixing panel and the cathode conductive plate, and the lower surface of the workpiece is in contact with the upper surface of the workpiece fixing panel.
[0007] Preferably, the workpiece fixing panel has a plurality of panel shielding holes in the middle. The shape of the panel shielding holes is customized according to the local spraying requirements. A sealing gasket is fixedly installed at the upper end of the panel shielding holes. The sealing gasket is arranged around the edge of the panel shielding holes, and the upper end of the sealing gasket is in contact with the lower end of the workpiece.
[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the fixed base is provided with a filling cavity, and a liquid inlet hole is provided through the fixed base on one side of the filling cavity. The liquid inlet hole communicates with the inside of the filling cavity. An expansion plug is provided in the filling cavity, and an elastic membrane is provided in the inward opening of the filling cavity.
[0009] Preferably, the outer side wall of the base is symmetrically provided with lifting components. The outer surface of the lifting components has through holes, the center and diameter of which are equal to those of the liquid inlet hole. A lifting element is slidably connected inside the lifting components. A one-way valve is fixedly installed in the middle of the lifting element. A water pipe is fixedly installed at the upper end of the lifting element. The diameter of the one-way valve and the water pipe are equal to that of the liquid inlet hole. A return spring is fixedly installed at the top of the lifting element. The top of the return spring abuts against the upper surface inside the lifting components. The bottom end of the lifting element protrudes from the bottom end of the fixed base in its natural state.
[0010] Preferably, a plurality of conductive springs are provided, which are evenly distributed along the lower surface of the cathode conductive plate. The top end of the conductive spring is fixed to the lower surface of the cathode conductive plate, and the bottom end abuts against the upper surface of the workpiece.
[0011] Preferably, the expansion plug is a modified fluororubber water-absorbing composite material, the elastic membrane is made of fluororubber, and the elastic membrane is flush with the opening of the filling cavity when in its natural state.
[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model, through its integrated shielding structure design, successfully eliminates the electrophoresis process containing solvents and resins, the laser engraving process that generates dust, and the paint stripping process that relies on organic solvents in traditional processes. It avoids the generation of ammonia nitrogen wastewater and dust pollution from the source, achieving the goal of environmental protection and emission reduction. At the same time, it eliminates the need for multiple hanging of workpieces, and can directly complete the coordinated operation of precision local shielding and spraying through a fixture. This facilitates integration into automated production lines, effectively stabilizes product yield, and significantly improves production efficiency.
[0013] 2. This utility model utilizes the synergistic effect of the filling cavity, the modified fluororubber water-absorbing composite expansion plug, and the fluororubber elastic membrane. After the electroplating solution enters the cavity, the slow expansion of the expansion plug pushes the elastic membrane to conform to the side of the workpiece, forming an adaptive flexible fixation. This can adapt to workpieces of different shapes and sizes, avoid scratches on the workpiece surface caused by traditional rigid fixtures, and ensure that there is no slight displacement of the workpiece during the spraying process, thus improving the accuracy and consistency of local spraying.
[0014] 3. This utility model, through the combination of customizable panel shielding holes on the workpiece fixing panel and sealing gaskets, can accurately match the local spraying requirements of different workpieces, achieve reliable sealing and isolation of non-plating areas, avoid spraying defects caused by electroplating solution leakage, and adopt a modular design for the overall structure. The components are easy to disassemble and assemble, and the subsequent maintenance cost is low. It can be stably adapted to high-frequency industrial production scenarios for a long time. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the utility model Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting component of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cathode conductive plate and conductive spring of this utility model.
[0016] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Cathode conductive plate; 2. Conductive spring; 3. Workpiece; 4. Workpiece fixing panel; 41. Panel shielding hole; 42. Sealing gasket; 5. Fixed base; 51. Filling cavity; 511. Liquid inlet; 512. Expansion plug; 513. Elastic membrane; 52. Panel fixing edge; 6. Lifting assembly; 61. Lifting component; 611. One-way valve; 612. Water pipe; 613. Return spring; 62. Through hole. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0018] like Figures 1-5As shown, a masking fixture for local precision spraying of stainless steel includes a cathode conductive plate 1, a workpiece 3, a workpiece fixing panel 4, and a fixing base 5. Several conductive springs 2 are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the cathode conductive plate 1. The fixing base 5 is a horizontally arranged hollow structure, and the edge of the hollow cavity of the fixing base 5 is provided with a panel fixing edge 52. The edge of the workpiece fixing panel 4 is in contact with the panel fixing edge 52. The workpiece 3 is sandwiched between the workpiece fixing panel 4 and the cathode conductive plate 1, and the lower surface of the workpiece 3 is in contact with the upper surface of the workpiece fixing panel 4.
[0019] In specific implementation, the panel fixing edge 52 of the fixed base 5 adopts a "stepped recessed structure". Its recessed interface is adapted to the cross-section of the workpiece fixing panel 4, ensuring that there is no looseness after the edge of the workpiece fixing panel 4 is embedded. When the workpiece 3 is clamped, the positioning reference of the panel fixing edge 52 is used to control the contact gap between the lower surface of the workpiece 3 and the upper surface of the workpiece fixing panel 4 to ≤0.03mm, so as to avoid the electroplating liquid from seeping into the non-plating area during spraying due to poor contact, and at the same time provide a stable foundation for the pressure transmission of the conductive spring 2.
[0020] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the workpiece fixing panel 4 has a plurality of panel shielding holes 41 in the middle. The shape of the panel shielding holes 41 is customized according to the local spraying requirements. A sealing pad 42 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the panel shielding hole 41. The sealing pad 42 is arranged around the edge of the panel shielding hole 41, and the upper end of the sealing pad 42 is in contact with the lower end of the workpiece 3.
[0021] In practice, the panel shielding hole 41 is customized through a "laser cutting + CNC precision finishing" process to meet the size requirements of precision spraying; the sealing gasket 42 is made of fluororubber material that is resistant to strong acids and alkalis (instead of ordinary silicone rubber, suitable for the corrosive environment of electroplating solution), with a thickness of 1.5mm ± 0.05mm and a compression amount controlled at 0.3-0.5mm. This not only fills the small unevenness on the lower surface of the workpiece 3 through elastic deformation to achieve sealing and isolation of the non-plating area, but also avoids excessive compression that would cause indentations on the surface of the workpiece 3. At the same time, the alignment tolerance between the edge of the gasket and the edge of the panel shielding hole 41 is ≤0.02mm to prevent the formation of sealing blind spots.
[0022] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the inner wall of the fixed base 5 is provided with a filling cavity 51, and a liquid inlet hole 511 is provided through the fixed base 5 on one side of the filling cavity 51. The liquid inlet hole 511 communicates with the inside of the filling cavity 51. An expansion plug 512 is provided in the filling cavity 51, and an elastic membrane 513 is provided in the inward opening of the filling cavity 51.
[0023] In practice, the axis of the liquid inlet hole 511 of each filling cavity 51 coincides with the central axis of the filling cavity 51 to ensure that there are no dead angles when the electroplating solution enters; the expansion plug 512 adopts a "cylindrical structure", and the gap between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the filling cavity 51 is controlled to ≤0.05mm to avoid local gaps during expansion that could lead to uneven pressure; the elastic membrane 513 is bonded to the edge of the opening of the filling cavity 51, and the edge of the elastic membrane 513 extends 0.5mm beyond the opening of the filling cavity 51 to further improve the sealing performance with the side of the workpiece 3.
[0024] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the outer side wall of the base is symmetrically provided with lifting components 6. The outer surface of the lifting components 6 is provided with through holes 62. The center and diameter of the through holes 62 are equal to those of the liquid inlet hole 511. A lifting element 61 is slidably connected inside the lifting components 6. A one-way valve 611 is fixedly installed in the middle of the lifting element 61. A water pipe 612 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the lifting element 61. The diameters of the one-way valve 611 and the water pipe 612 are equal to those of the liquid inlet hole 511. A return spring 613 is fixedly installed at the top of the lifting element 61. The top of the return spring 613 abuts against the upper surface inside the lifting components 6. The bottom end of the lifting element 61 protrudes from the bottom end of the fixed base 5 in its natural state.
[0025] In specific implementation, the sliding groove of the lifting component 6 adopts a "linear guide rail structure". When the fixed base 5 is placed in the plating tank, the bottom of the lifting component 61 is lower than the bottom of the fixed base 5, so that the lifting component 61 is lifted up. Then the one-way valve 611 connects the liquid inlet hole 511 and the through hole 62. The surface of the steel ball of the one-way valve 611 is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to prevent the steel ball from reacting with the electroplating solution and rusting. The contact point between the water pipe 612 and the liquid inlet hole 511 is fitted with a perfluoroether rubber sealing ring to enhance the sealing performance when the liquid flows. The return spring 613 is made of stainless steel. After the fixed base 5 is lifted, it pushes the lifting component 61 downward to ensure that the water pipe 612 connects the liquid inlet hole 511 and the through hole 62.
[0026] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the expansion plug 512 is a modified fluororubber water-absorbing composite material, and the elastic membrane 513 is made of fluororubber. When the elastic membrane 513 is in its natural state, it is flush with the opening of the filling cavity 51.
[0027] In specific implementation, in the modified fluororubber water-absorbing composite material of the expansion plug 512, the highly absorbent resin is treated with "acrylate grafting modification" to improve the corrosion resistance of the plating solution and at the same time improve the expansion rate of the expansion plug 512. The elastic membrane 513 is made of fluororubber with a Shore hardness of 55A. When it is flush with the opening of the filling cavity 51, it does not protrude and will not interfere with the placement and positioning of the workpiece 3, while meeting the elastic deformation requirements during directional expansion.
[0028] In use, the cathode conductive plate 1 is horizontally positioned at the top, and several conductive springs 2 are evenly fixed to its lower surface by welding. The bottom end of each conductive spring 2 has a reserved space for contact with the upper surface of the workpiece 3. The fixing base 5 adopts a horizontal hollow structure, and its stepped panel fixing edge 52 precisely fits into the edge of the workpiece fixing panel 4. The workpiece 3 is stably clamped between the cathode conductive plate 1 and the upper surface of the workpiece fixing panel 4, with the fitting gap controlled to ≤0.03mm. A customized panel in the middle of the workpiece fixing panel 4 provides a shielding. The edge of the shielding hole 41 is vulcanized and fixed with a fluororubber sealing gasket 42. The upper end of the gasket is tightly fitted with the lower surface of the workpiece 3 to form an initial seal in the non-plated area. The outer wall of the fixed base 5 is symmetrically fixed with bolts to the lifting assembly 6. The lifting component 61 is slidably embedded in the linear guide groove of the lifting assembly 6. The return spring 613 at its top abuts against the inner upper surface of the lifting assembly 6. In its natural state, the bottom end of the lifting component 61 protrudes from the bottom end of the fixed base 5. The water pipe 612, the one-way valve 611 and the liquid inlet hole 511 of the fixed base 5 are kept coaxially aligned.
[0029] Secondly, after the entire fixture is placed into the plating tank, the bottom of the lifting component 61 contacts the bottom of the plating tank and is lifted upwards, compressing the return spring 613. At this time, the through hole 62, the one-way valve 611, and the liquid inlet 511 of the lifting component 6 form a through channel. The electroplating solution quickly fills the filling cavity 51 on the inner wall of the fixed base 5 along this channel. After the modified fluororubber water-absorbing composite expansion plug 512 in the filling cavity 51 comes into contact with the electroplating solution, it gradually absorbs water and expands, increasing the volume of the contents of the filling cavity 51. The one-way valve 611 prevents the liquid inside from leaking out, pushing the inner fluororubber elastic membrane 513 toward the workpiece 3. The edge is fitted together, and the design of the elastic membrane 513 extending beyond the opening of the filling cavity 51 achieves adaptive flexible fixation of the side of the workpiece 3. At the same time, the conductive spring 2 is slightly compressed under the gravity of the cathode conductive plate 1, and its bottom end is tightly abutted against the upper surface of the workpiece 3, establishing a stable conductive path between the cathode conductive plate 1 and the workpiece 3. The sealing pad 42 generates a compression of 0.3-0.5mm under the pressure of the workpiece 3, filling the tiny unevenness on the lower surface of the workpiece 3, completely blocking the leakage of electroplating solution into the non-plating area, and allowing only the area of the workpiece 3 corresponding to the panel shielding hole 41 to be plated to contact the electroplating solution, thus meeting the requirements of precision spraying.
[0030] Finally, after the electroplating operation is completed, the entire fixture is lifted from the plating tank. The lifting component 61 loses its support from the bottom of the plating tank and slides downwards to reset under the elastic restoring force of the return spring 613. The one-way valve 611 descends with the lifting component 61, and the water pipe 612 connects the inlet hole 511 and the through hole 62. The electroplating solution in the filling cavity 51 can then flow out. Under the influence of gravity and the contraction force of the elastic membrane 513, part of the electroplating solution in the filling cavity 51 flows back to the plating tank along the inlet channel. The expansion bolt 512 gradually contracts to its initial volume due to the loss of liquid nourishment, and the elastic membrane 513 detaches from the side of the workpiece 3 and returns to its original shape. At this point, the workpiece 3 can be easily removed, completing one plating cycle. The entire fixture, through the coordinated operation of its components, eliminates the need for additional electrophoresis, laser engraving, and paint stripping processes, ensuring both the precision of localized plating and achieving an environmentally friendly and efficient production process.
[0031] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model.
Claims
1. A masking fixture for precision localized spraying of stainless steel, characterized in that, The device includes a cathode conductive plate (1), a workpiece (3), a workpiece fixing panel (4), and a fixing base (5). Several conductive springs (2) are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the cathode conductive plate (1). The fixing base (5) is a horizontally arranged hollow structure, and the edge of the hollow cavity of the fixing base (5) is provided with a panel fixing edge (52). The edge of the workpiece fixing panel (4) is in contact with the panel fixing edge (52). The workpiece (3) is sandwiched between the workpiece fixing panel (4) and the cathode conductive plate (1). The lower surface of the workpiece (3) is in contact with the upper surface of the workpiece fixing panel (4). The cathode conductive plate (1) and the recess of the fixing base (5) are completely aligned.
2. A masking fixture for precision localized spraying of stainless steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workpiece fixing panel (4) has several panel shielding holes (41) in the middle. The shape of the panel shielding holes (41) is customized according to the local spraying requirements. A sealing pad (42) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the panel shielding hole (41). The sealing pad (42) is arranged around the edge of the panel shielding hole (41). The upper end of the sealing pad (42) is in contact with the lower end of the workpiece (3).
3. A masking fixture for local precision spraying of stainless steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the fixed base (5) is provided with a filling cavity (51). A liquid inlet hole (511) is provided through the fixed base (5) on one side of the filling cavity (51). The liquid inlet hole (511) is connected to the inside of the filling cavity (51). An expansion plug (512) is provided in the filling cavity (51). An elastic membrane (513) is provided in the inward opening of the filling cavity (51).
4. A masking fixture for local precision spraying of stainless steel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the base is symmetrically provided with lifting components (6). The outer surface of the lifting components (6) is provided with through holes (62). The center and diameter of the through holes (62) are equal to those of the liquid inlet hole (511). A lifting member (61) is slidably connected inside the lifting components (6). A one-way valve (611) is fixedly installed in the middle of the lifting member (61). A water pipe (612) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the lifting member (61). The diameters of the one-way valve (611) and the water pipe (612) are equal to those of the liquid inlet hole (511). A return spring (613) is fixedly installed at the top of the lifting member (61). The top of the return spring (613) abuts against the upper surface inside the lifting components (6). The bottom end of the lifting member (61) protrudes from the bottom end of the fixed base (5) in its natural state.
5. A masking fixture for local precision spraying of stainless steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive springs (2) are provided in several units and are evenly distributed along the lower surface of the cathode conductive plate (1). The top end of the conductive springs (2) is fixed to the lower surface of the cathode conductive plate (1), and the bottom end abuts against the upper surface of the workpiece (3).
6. A masking fixture for local precision spraying of stainless steel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The expansion plug (512) is a modified fluororubber water-absorbing composite material, and the elastic membrane (513) is made of fluororubber. When the elastic membrane (513) is in its natural state, it is flush with the opening of the filling cavity (51).