Photovoltaic power generation control circuit and photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and provides a photovoltaic power generation control circuit and a photovoltaic power generation system. The photovoltaic power generation control circuit comprises: an acquisition module, which is electrically connected with a photovoltaic panel, and is used for acquiring an output voltage and an output current of the photovoltaic panel; a control module, which is electrically connected with the acquisition module, and is used for determining an output power of the photovoltaic panel according to the output current and the output voltage, and outputting a control signal according to the output power; a voltage regulation module, which is electrically connected with the photovoltaic panel and the control module respectively, and is used for clamping the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel to a target voltage according to the control signal; the target voltage is a voltage corresponding to a maximum power point of a current state of the photovoltaic panel; and a charging module, which is electrically connected with a power consumption device, the photovoltaic panel and the voltage regulation module respectively, and is used for supplying power to the power consumption device according to the target voltage. The photovoltaic power generation control circuit provided in the application can solve the problem of low conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic power generation control circuit and a photovoltaic power generation system. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy is characterized by its cleanliness, renewability, and wide distribution. As an indirect or direct energy source, solar energy occupies a unique position in the energy structure, with its annual total radiation far exceeding fossil fuel reserves, and its theoretical potential reaching 516 times that of oil reserves and 157 times that of coal. With the increasing maturity of photovoltaic technology, solar energy is beginning to be widely used in homes. However, photovoltaic power generation currently suffers from low conversion efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a photovoltaic power generation control circuit and a photovoltaic power generation system, which can solve the problem of low conversion efficiency in photovoltaic power generation.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic power generation control circuit, including:

[0005] The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and is used to acquire the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic panel.

[0006] A control module, electrically connected to the acquisition module, is used to determine the output power of the photovoltaic panel based on the output current and the output voltage, and to output a control signal based on the output power.

[0007] A voltage regulation module, electrically connected to both the photovoltaic panel and the control module, is used to clamp the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel to a target voltage based on the control signal; the target voltage is the voltage corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel in its current state; and

[0008] The charging module is electrically connected to the electrical equipment, the photovoltaic panel, and the voltage regulation module, respectively, and is used to supply power to the electrical equipment according to the target voltage.

[0009] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the voltage regulation module includes a resistor unit and a current regulation unit. The first end of the resistor unit is electrically connected to the output end of the photovoltaic panel and the charging module, respectively. The second end of the resistor unit is grounded through the current regulation unit. The control end of the current regulation unit is electrically connected to the control module.

[0010] The common terminal of the resistor unit and the current regulating unit is used to receive a preset voltage. The current regulating unit is used to adjust the current flowing through the resistor unit according to the control signal, so as to clamp the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel to the target voltage.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the control signal includes a plurality of control sub-signals, the current regulating unit includes a plurality of switching units and a plurality of regulating resistor units, the first end of all the regulating resistor units is electrically connected to the second end of the resistor unit, the second end of each regulating resistor unit is grounded through the corresponding switching unit, and the control end of each switching unit is electrically connected to the control module.

[0012] Each of the switching units is used to receive a corresponding control sub-signal and to turn on or off according to the control sub-signal.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the control signal includes a first control sub-signal and a second control sub-signal, the current regulation unit includes a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a first regulating resistor unit and a second regulating resistor unit, the first end of the first regulating resistor unit and the first end of the second regulating resistor unit are both electrically connected to the second end of the resistor unit, the second end of the first regulating resistor unit is grounded through the first switch unit, the second end of the second regulating resistor unit is grounded through the second switch unit, and the control terminal of the first switch unit and the control terminal of the second switch unit are respectively electrically connected to the control module;

[0014] The first switching unit is used to receive the first control sub-signal and turn it on or off according to the first control sub-signal; the second switching unit is used to receive the second control sub-signal and turn it on or off according to the second control sub-signal.

[0015] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the control signal further includes a third control sub-signal, and the current adjustment unit further includes a third switch unit and a third adjustment resistor unit; the first terminal of the third adjustment resistor unit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first adjustment resistor unit and the first terminal of the second adjustment resistor unit, respectively, the second terminal of the third adjustment resistor unit is grounded through the third switch unit, and the control terminal of the third switch unit is electrically connected to the control module.

[0016] The third switching unit is used to receive the third control sub-signal and to turn on or off according to the third control sub-signal.

[0017] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the acquisition module includes a current acquisition unit and a voltage acquisition unit, wherein the current acquisition unit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and the control module respectively, and the voltage acquisition unit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and the control module respectively;

[0018] The current acquisition unit is used to acquire the output current of the photovoltaic panel and transmit the output current to the control module; the voltage acquisition unit is used to acquire the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel and transmit the output voltage to the control module.

[0019] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the voltage acquisition unit includes a first resistor and a second resistor, a first end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the output end of the photovoltaic panel, a second end of the first resistor is grounded through the second resistor, and a common terminal of the first resistor and the second resistor is electrically connected to the control module.

[0020] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the current acquisition unit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and an operational amplifier. The first end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and the first end of the fourth resistor, respectively. The second end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth resistor and ground, respectively. The second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth resistor and the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier, respectively. The second end of the sixth resistor is used to receive a reference voltage. The second end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the seventh resistor and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, respectively. The output terminal of the operational amplifier is electrically connected to the control module and the second end of the seventh resistor, respectively.

[0021] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the charging module includes a charging chip that is electrically connected to the electrical device, the photovoltaic panel, and the voltage regulation module, respectively, and the charging chip is used to supply power to the electrical device according to the target voltage.

[0022] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic power generation system, including a photovoltaic panel, electrical equipment, and the photovoltaic power generation control circuit described in any one of the first aspects.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application compared with the prior art are:

[0024] When the photovoltaic (PV) panel generates electricity, the acquisition module collects the output voltage and current of the PV panel. The control module determines the output power of the PV panel based on the output current and voltage, and outputs a control signal accordingly. The voltage regulation module clamps the output voltage of the PV panel to the target voltage, which is the voltage corresponding to the PV panel's current maximum power point. The charging module supplies power to the electrical equipment based on the target voltage. During PV panel power generation, the voltage regulation module clamps the output voltage of the PV panel to the voltage corresponding to the PV panel's current maximum power point, enabling the PV panel to output maximum power and thus improving the conversion efficiency of PV panel power generation.

[0025] It is understandable that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation control circuit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of a voltage regulation module provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of a voltage regulation module provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a circuit connection diagram of a voltage regulation module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a circuit connection diagram of a voltage regulation module provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a circuit connection diagram of a voltage acquisition unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a circuit connection diagram of a current acquisition unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a circuit connection diagram of a charging module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a PV characteristic curve of a photovoltaic panel provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0036] In the diagram: 100, data acquisition module; 200, control module; 300, voltage regulation module; 301, resistor unit; 302, current regulation unit; 3021, switch unit; 3022, regulating resistor unit; 30211, first switch unit; 30212, second switch unit; 30213, third switch unit; 30221, first regulating resistor unit; 30222, second regulating resistor unit; 30223, third regulating resistor unit; 400, charging module; 500, photovoltaic panel; 600, electrical equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0037] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0038] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0039] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0040] As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if [the described condition or event] is detected" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "once determined," "in response to determination," "once [the described condition or event] is detected," or "in response to detection of [the described condition or event]."

[0041] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0043] Solar energy is characterized by its cleanliness, renewability, and wide distribution. As an indirect or direct energy source, solar energy occupies a unique position in the energy structure, with its annual total radiation far exceeding fossil fuel reserves, and its theoretical potential reaching 516 times that of oil reserves and 157 times that of coal. With the increasing maturity of photovoltaic technology, solar energy is beginning to be widely used in homes. However, photovoltaic power generation currently suffers from low conversion efficiency.

[0044] Based on the above issues, such as Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a photovoltaic power generation control circuit, including a data acquisition module 100, a control module 200, a voltage regulation module 300, and a charging module 400. The data acquisition module 100 is electrically connected to the control module 200 and the photovoltaic panel 500, the voltage regulation module 300 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 500 and the control module 200, and the charging module 400 is electrically connected to the electrical equipment 600, the photovoltaic panel 500, and the voltage regulation module 300.

[0045] Specifically, when the photovoltaic panel 500 is generating electricity, the acquisition module 100 acquires the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic panel 500. The control module 200 determines the output power of the photovoltaic panel 500 based on the output current and output voltage, and outputs a control signal based on the output power. The voltage regulation module 300 clamps the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 500 to the target voltage according to the control signal, wherein the target voltage is the voltage corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel 500 in its current state. The charging module 400 supplies power to the electrical equipment 600 according to the target voltage. When the photovoltaic panel 500 is generating electricity, the voltage regulation module 300 clamps the voltage at the output terminal of the photovoltaic panel 500 to the voltage corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel 500 in its current state, enabling the photovoltaic panel 500 to output maximum power, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 500's power generation.

[0046] It should be noted that the electrical device 600 can be a battery or a load. When the electrical device 600 is a battery, the charging module 400 charges the battery according to the target voltage. When the electrical device 600 is a load, the charging module 400 supplies power to the load according to the target voltage.

[0047] In some embodiments, after receiving the output current and output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 500, the control module 200 determines the output power of the photovoltaic panel 500 based on the output current and output voltage. Once the output power of the photovoltaic panel 500 is determined, the power range within which the output power falls is identified, and a target voltage is determined based on the determined power range. The target voltage is the voltage corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel 500 in its current state. After determining the target voltage, the control module 200 outputs a control signal based on the target voltage. The voltage regulation module 300 clamps the voltage at the output terminal of the photovoltaic panel 500 to the target voltage based on the control signal, and the charging module 400 supplies power to the electrical device 600 based on the target voltage. This enables the photovoltaic panel 500 to output maximum power, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 500's power generation.

[0048] Designers can pre-determine multiple power ranges based on the PV characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic panel 500, and determine the voltage corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel 500 within each power range. Then, each power range and its corresponding voltage are associated and stored. During actual operation, after the control module 200 determines the output power of the photovoltaic panel 500, it determines the power range within which the output power falls, then determines the corresponding voltage based on the power range and records it as the target voltage. Finally, a control signal is output based on the target voltage. The voltage regulation module 300 clamps the voltage at the output terminal of the photovoltaic panel 500 to the target voltage according to the control signal, and the charging module 400 supplies power to the electrical equipment 600 according to the target voltage. This enables the photovoltaic panel 500 to output maximum power, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 500's power generation.

[0049] For example, the control module 200 can be a microcontroller, or the above functions can be achieved by designing logic circuits. The specific structure of the control module 200 is not limited here.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the voltage regulation module 300 includes a resistor unit 301 and a current regulation unit 302. The first end of the resistor unit 301 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the photovoltaic panel 500 and the charging module 400, respectively. The second end of the resistor unit 301 is grounded through the current regulation unit 302. The control terminal of the current regulation unit 302 is electrically connected to the control module 200. The common terminal of the resistor unit 301 and the current regulation unit 302 is used to receive a preset voltage V1.

[0051] Specifically, the first end of the resistor unit 301 is connected to the positive output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of the photovoltaic panel 500. When the current adjustment unit 302 receives the control signal, it adjusts the current flowing through the resistor unit 301 according to the control signal.

[0052] The voltage at the first terminal of resistor unit 301 is:

[0053] V2 = I*R + V1

[0054] Wherein, V2 is the voltage at the first terminal of resistor unit 301, V1 is the preset voltage, I is the current flowing through resistor unit 301, and R is the resistance value of resistor unit 301.

[0055] Since the resistance of resistor unit 301 is a fixed value, the voltage at the second end of resistor unit 301 is a preset voltage V1. By adjusting the current flowing through resistor unit 301, the voltage at the first end of resistor unit 301 can be adjusted to the target voltage, thereby clamping the voltage at the output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of photovoltaic panel 500 to the target voltage.

[0056] It should be noted that designers can set the specific value of the preset voltage V1 according to actual needs. For example, the preset voltage V1 can be set to 1V, 2V, 3V, or other values. The specific value of the preset voltage V1 is not limited here. Simultaneously, the preset voltage V1 can be provided by the charging chip in the charging module 400. This is achieved by connecting the common terminal of the resistor unit 301 and the current adjustment unit 302 to the charging chip, which can then output the preset voltage V1. Alternatively, designers can set up a power supply circuit in the photovoltaic power generation control circuit to provide the preset voltage V1. The power supply method for the preset voltage V1 is not limited here.

[0057] Designers can set the specific resistance value of resistor unit 301 according to actual needs. For example, the resistance value of resistor unit 301 can be set to 100kΩ, 150kΩ, or other values. The specific resistance value of resistor unit 301 is not limited here. At the same time, designers can limit the specific circuit structure of resistor unit 301 according to actual needs. They can select a single resistor or use multiple resistors connected in series or parallel. The specific circuit structure of resistor unit 301 is not limited here.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the control signal includes multiple control sub-signals. The current adjustment unit 302 includes multiple switching units 3021 and multiple adjusting resistor units 3022. The first end of all adjusting resistor units 3022 is electrically connected to the second end of resistor unit 301. The second end of each adjusting resistor unit 3022 is grounded through the corresponding switching unit 3021. The control terminal of each switching unit 3021 is electrically connected to the control module 200.

[0059] Specifically, the control terminal of each switch unit 3021 is electrically connected to multiple signal output terminals of the control module 200, and the control module 200 can output multiple control sub-signals through these signal output terminals. Each switch unit 3021 receives the corresponding control sub-signal and turns on or off according to the control sub-signal. When the switch unit 3021 is on, the corresponding regulating resistor unit 3022 is connected in series between the resistor unit 301 and ground; when the switch unit 3021 is off, the corresponding regulating resistor unit 3022 cannot be connected in series between the resistor unit 301 and ground.

[0060] By controlling multiple switching units 3021, the number of adjusting resistor units 3022 connected in series between resistor unit 301 and ground can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the resistance value between resistor unit 301 and ground. Since the voltage at the common terminal of resistor unit 301 is a fixed voltage (preset voltage V1), when the resistance value between resistor unit 301 and ground changes, the current flowing through resistor unit 301 also changes accordingly. Therefore, by controlling the multiple switching units 3021 to turn on or off, the current flowing through resistor unit 301 can be adjusted.

[0061] It should be noted that designers can set the specific resistance value of each regulating resistor unit 3022 according to actual needs. The resistance values ​​of different regulating resistor units 3022 can be the same or different; the specific resistance value of the regulating resistor unit 3022 is not limited here. At the same time, designers can limit the specific circuit structure of the regulating resistor unit 3022 according to actual needs. They can select a single resistor or use multiple resistors connected in series or parallel; the specific circuit structure of the regulating resistor unit 3022 is not limited here.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the control signals include a first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1 and a second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2. The current adjustment unit 302 includes a first switch unit 30211, a second switch unit 30212, a first adjustment resistor unit 30221, and a second adjustment resistor unit 30222. The first end of the first adjustment resistor unit 30221 and the first end of the second adjustment resistor unit 30222 are both electrically connected to the second end of the resistor unit. The second end of the first adjustment resistor unit 30221 is grounded through the first switch unit 30211, and the second end of the second adjustment resistor unit 30222 is grounded through the second switch unit 30212. The control terminals of the first switch unit 30211 and the second switch unit 30212 are respectively electrically connected to the control module 200.

[0063] Specifically, the control module 200 outputs a first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1 and a second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2 based on the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 500. A first switching unit 30211 receives the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1 and turns it on or off according to MPPT_CONTROL_1. A second switching unit 30212 receives the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2 and turns it on or off according to MPPT_CONTROL_2.

[0064] When the first switching unit 30211 is on and the second switching unit 30212 is off, the resistor unit 301 and the first adjusting resistor unit 30221 are connected in series. The current flowing through the resistor unit 301 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the first adjusting resistor unit 30221. When the first switching unit 30211 is off and the second switching unit 30212 is on, the resistor unit 301 and the second adjusting resistor unit 30222 are connected in series. The current flowing through the resistor unit 301 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the second adjusting resistor unit 30222. When the first switching unit 30211 is on and the second switching unit 30212 is on, the first adjusting resistor unit 30221 and the second adjusting resistor unit 30222 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the resistor unit 301. The current flowing through the resistor unit 301 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the adjusting resistor (the resistance of the parallel connection of the first adjusting resistor unit 30221 and the second adjusting resistor unit 30222). Therefore, the control module 200 can regulate the current flowing through the resistor unit 301 by controlling the first switch unit 30211 and the second switch unit 30212, so that the product of the current flowing through the resistor unit 301 and the resistance of the resistor unit 301 is equal to the target voltage, that is, the voltage at the first end of the resistor unit 301 is adjusted to the target voltage, thereby clamping the voltage at the output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of the photovoltaic panel 500 to the target voltage.

[0065] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, resistor unit 301 includes resistor R41, first adjustable resistor unit 30221 includes resistor R42, second adjustable resistor unit 30222 includes resistor R43, first switch unit 30211 includes first switch transistor Q1, and second switch unit 30212 includes second switch transistor Q2.

[0066] When the first switch Q1 is turned on according to the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1 and the second switch Q2 is turned off according to the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2, resistors R41 and R42 are connected in series. At this time, the current flowing through resistor R41 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the resistance of resistor R42. When the first switch Q1 is turned off according to the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1 and the second switch Q2 is turned on according to the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2, resistors R41 and R43 are connected in series. At this time, the current flowing through resistor R41 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the resistance of resistor R43. When the first switch Q1 is turned on according to the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1 and the second switch Q2 is turned on according to the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2, resistors R42 and R43 are connected in parallel and then in series with resistor R41. At this time, the current flowing through resistor R41 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the resistance of the regulating resistor (the resistance of the parallel connection of resistors R42 and R43). Therefore, the control module 200 can regulate the current flowing through resistor R41 by controlling the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2, so that the product of the current flowing through resistor R41 and the resistance of resistor R41 equals the target voltage, that is, the voltage at the first end of resistor R41 is adjusted to the target voltage, thereby clamping the voltage at the output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of the photovoltaic panel 500 to the target voltage.

[0067] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the control signal also includes a third control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_3, and the current adjustment unit 302 also includes a third switch unit 30213 and a third adjustment resistor unit 30223; the first end of the third adjustment resistor unit 30223 is electrically connected to the first end of the first adjustment resistor unit 30221 and the first end of the second adjustment resistor unit 30222 respectively, the second end of the third adjustment resistor unit 30223 is grounded through the third switch unit 30213, and the control terminal of the third switch unit 30213 is electrically connected to the control module 200.

[0068] Specifically, the control module 200 outputs a first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1, a second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2, and a third control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_3 based on the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 500. A first switching unit 30211 receives the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1 and turns it on or off according to it. A second switching unit 30212 receives the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2 and turns it on or off according to it. A third switching unit 30213 receives the third control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_3 and turns it on or off according to it.

[0069] When the first switch unit 30211 is on, the second switch unit 30212 is off, and the third switch unit 30213 is off, the resistor unit 301 and the first regulating resistor unit 30221 are connected in series. At this time, the current flowing through the resistor unit 301 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the first regulating resistor unit 30221. When the first switch unit 30211 is off, the second switch unit 30212 is on, and the third switch unit 30213 is off, the resistor unit 301 and the second regulating resistor unit 30222 are connected in series. At this time, the current flowing through the resistor unit 301 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the second regulating resistor unit 30222. When the first switch unit 30211 is off, the second switch unit 30212 is off, and the third switch unit 30213 is on, the resistor unit 301 and the third regulating resistor unit 30223 are connected in series. At this time, the current flowing through the resistor unit 301 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the third regulating resistor unit 30223.

[0070] Therefore, the control module 200 can regulate the current flowing through the resistor unit 301 by controlling the first switch unit 30211, the second switch unit 30212 and the third switch unit 30213, so that the product of the current flowing through the resistor unit 301 and the resistance value of the resistor unit 301 is equal to the target voltage, that is, the voltage at the first end of the resistor unit 301 is adjusted to the target voltage, thereby clamping the voltage at the output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of the photovoltaic panel 500 to the target voltage.

[0071] For example, the third regulating resistor unit 30223 includes a resistor R48, and the third switching unit 30213 includes a third switching transistor Q3. When the first switching transistor Q1 is turned on according to the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1, the second switching transistor Q2 is turned off according to the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2, and the third switching transistor Q3 is turned off according to the third control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_3, resistors R41 and R42 are connected in series, and the current flowing through resistor R41 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the resistance of resistor R42. When the first switching transistor Q1 is turned off according to the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1, the second switching transistor Q2 is turned on according to the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2, and the third switching transistor Q3 is turned off according to the third control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_3, resistors R41 and R43 are connected in series, and the current flowing through resistor R41 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the resistance of resistor R43. When the first switch Q1 is turned off according to the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1, the second switch Q2 is turned off according to the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2, and the third switch Q3 is turned on according to the third control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_3, resistors R48 and R41 are connected in series. At this time, the current flowing through resistor R41 is equal to the quotient of the preset voltage V1 and the resistance of resistor R48. Therefore, the control module 200 can regulate the current flowing through resistor R41 by controlling the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, and the third switch Q3. This ensures that the product of the current flowing through resistor R41 and the resistance of resistor R41 equals the target voltage, that is, the voltage at the first end of resistor R41 is adjusted to the target voltage, thereby clamping the voltage at the output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of the photovoltaic panel 500 to the target voltage.

[0072] It should be noted that, in order to improve the accuracy of the signals received by the switching transistors, a signal processing circuit can be set at the control terminal of each switching transistor. For example, such as... Figure 5As shown, resistors R44 and R45 are added to the control terminal of the first switch Q1. The first end of resistor R44 is electrically connected to the control module 200 to receive the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1. The second end of resistor R44 is electrically connected to both the control terminal of the first switch Q1 and the first end of resistor R45. The second end of resistor R45 is grounded. Similarly, resistors R46 and R47 are added to the control terminal of the first switch Q2. The first end of resistor R46 is electrically connected to the control module 200 to receive the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2. The second end of resistor R46 is electrically connected to both the control terminal of the second switch Q2 and the first end of resistor R47. The second end of resistor R47 is grounded. Resistors R49 and R50 are added to the control terminal of the first switch Q3. The first end of resistor R49 is electrically connected to the control module 200 to receive the third control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_3. The second end of resistor R49 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the third switch Q3 and the first end of resistor R50, respectively. The second end of resistor R50 is grounded.

[0073] In this application Figure 4 This illustration shows a configuration where the current regulating unit 302 includes two switching units and two regulating resistor units. Figure 5 The illustration shows a current regulating unit 302 comprising three switching units and three regulating resistor units. In addition, the current regulating unit 302 may include other numbers of switching units and regulating resistor units; the number of switching units and regulating resistor units in the current regulating unit 302 is not limited here.

[0074] In some embodiments, the acquisition module 100 includes a current acquisition unit and a voltage acquisition unit. The current acquisition unit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 500 and the control module 200, respectively, and the voltage acquisition unit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 500 and the control module 200, respectively.

[0075] Specifically, the current acquisition unit is used to acquire the output current of the photovoltaic panel 500 and transmit the output current to the control module 200, and the voltage acquisition unit is used to acquire the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 500 and transmit the output voltage to the control module 200. The current acquisition unit and the voltage acquisition unit enable the acquisition of the output current and output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 500.

[0076] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the voltage acquisition unit includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of the photovoltaic panel 500. The second end of the first resistor R1 is grounded through the second resistor R2. The common terminal of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the control module 200.

[0077] Specifically, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 form a voltage divider circuit to divide the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 500 and output the divided voltage to the control module 200, thereby completing the acquisition of the voltage at the output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of the photovoltaic panel 500.

[0078] To improve the accuracy of the output voltage acquisition from the photovoltaic panel 500, a resistor R61 and a capacitor C61 can be added to the voltage acquisition unit. The first terminal of resistor R61 is electrically connected to the common terminal of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. The second terminal of resistor R61 is electrically connected to both the first terminal of capacitor C61 and the control module 200. The second terminal of capacitor C61 is grounded. Resistor R61 and capacitor C61 form an RC filter circuit to filter the voltage-divided signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the output voltage acquired by the voltage acquisition unit from the photovoltaic panel 500.

[0079] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the current acquisition unit includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, and an operational amplifier OPA. The first end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 500 and the first end of the fourth resistor R4. The second end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5 and ground. The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth resistor R6 and the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier OPA. The second end of the sixth resistor R6 is used to receive the reference voltage. The second end of the fifth resistor R5 is electrically connected to the first end of the seventh resistor R7 and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OPA. The output terminal of the operational amplifier OPA is electrically connected to the control module 200 and the second end of the seventh resistor R7.

[0080] Specifically, the first end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the negative output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN- of the photovoltaic panel 500, and the third resistor R3 serves as a sampling resistor.

[0081] The voltage output by the operational amplifier OPA is:

[0082] V out =R f / R(VIN + -VIN - )

[0083] R f =R6 / R7

[0084] R = R4 / R5

[0085] Among them, V out VIN is the output voltage of the operational amplifier OPA. +VIN is the voltage across the first terminal of the third resistor R3. - This is the voltage across the second terminal of the third resistor R3.

[0086] For example, the reference voltage is the voltage after resistors R71 and R72 divide the power supply VCC, which can be 3.3V.

[0087] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier OPA is grounded through capacitor C72, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OPA is grounded through capacitor C71. Capacitors C71 and C72 act as filters, which can improve the accuracy of the signal input to the operational amplifier OPA.

[0088] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the current acquisition unit also includes a resistor R73 and a capacitor C74. The first end of the resistor R73 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier OPA, and the second end of the resistor R73 is electrically connected to both the first end of the capacitor C74 and the control module 200. The second end of the capacitor C74 is grounded. The resistor R73 and capacitor C74 form an RC filter circuit to filter the voltage output by the operational amplifier OPA. The filtered signal is then transmitted to the control module 200 to improve the accuracy of the voltage acquisition unit in acquiring the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 500.

[0089] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the charging module 400 includes a charging chip U1, which is electrically connected to the electrical device 600, the photovoltaic panel 500 and the voltage regulation module 300 respectively. The charging chip U1 is used to supply power to the electrical device 600 according to the target voltage.

[0090] Specifically, when the voltage regulation module 300 clamps the voltage of the output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of the photovoltaic panel 500 to the target voltage, the charging chip U1 supplies power to the electrical device 600 according to the target voltage, enabling the photovoltaic panel 500 to output maximum power, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 500's power generation.

[0091] For example, the charging chip U1 is electrically connected to the common terminal of the resistor unit 301 and the current regulation unit 302 in the voltage regulation module 300 to provide a preset voltage V1.

[0092] To clearly illustrate the working principle of the photovoltaic power generation control circuit, a specific embodiment will be used for explanation below.

[0093] Figure 9The figure shows the PV characteristic curve of a photovoltaic panel 500. The PV characteristic curve shows that when the output power of the photovoltaic panel 500 is less than or equal to 20W, the voltage corresponding to the maximum power line of the photovoltaic panel 500 is 15.29V; when the output power of the photovoltaic panel 500 is greater than 20W, the voltage corresponding to the maximum power line of the photovoltaic panel 500 is 16.38V.

[0094] Among them, the voltage regulation module 300 and the charging module 400 in the photovoltaic power generation control circuit are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, in the voltage regulation module 300, resistor R41 has a resistance of 200kΩ, resistor R42 has a resistance of 13kΩ, and resistor R43 has a resistance of 14kΩ. The charging chip U1 provides a preset voltage V1, which is equal to 1V.

[0095] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the voltage acquisition unit acquires the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 500 and transmits the output voltage to the control module 200. The current acquisition unit acquires the output current of the photovoltaic panel 500 and transmits the output current to the control module 200.

[0096] The control module 200 calculates the output power of the photovoltaic panel 500 based on the output voltage and output current. If the output power of the photovoltaic panel 500 is less than or equal to 20W, the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1 output by the control module 200 is a low-level signal, and the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2 output is a high-level signal.

[0097] The first switch is turned off according to the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1, and the second switch is turned on according to the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2. Resistors R41 and R43 are connected in series. At this time, the voltage across the first terminal of resistor R41 is:

[0098]

[0099] Because the first end of resistor R41 is electrically connected to the positive output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of photovoltaic panel 500 and charging chip U1 respectively, the voltage received by charging chip U1 is 15.29V. That is, voltage regulation module 300 clamps the output voltage of photovoltaic panel 500 to 15.29V, which is the voltage corresponding to the current maximum power point of photovoltaic panel 500, so that photovoltaic panel 500 can output maximum power, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panel 500 power generation.

[0100] If the output power of the photovoltaic panel 500 is greater than 20W, the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1 output by the control module 200 is a high-level signal, and the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2 output is a low-level signal.

[0101] The first switch is turned on according to the first control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_1, and the second switch is turned off according to the second control sub-signal MPPT_CONTROL_2. Resistors R41 and R42 are connected in series. At this time, the voltage across the first terminal of resistor R41 is:

[0102]

[0103] Because the first end of resistor R41 is electrically connected to the positive output terminal SOLAR_POWER_IN+ of photovoltaic panel 500 and the charging chip U1 respectively, the voltage received by charging chip U1 is 16.38V. That is, the voltage regulation module 300 clamps the output voltage of photovoltaic panel 500 to 16.38V, which is the voltage corresponding to the current maximum power point of photovoltaic panel 500, so that photovoltaic panel 500 can output maximum power, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panel 500 power generation.

[0104] Therefore, the photovoltaic power generation control circuit provided in this application embodiment can clamp the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 500 to the voltage corresponding to the current maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel 500, enabling the photovoltaic panel 500 to output maximum power, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 500's power generation. Meanwhile, compared to existing MPPT (maximum power point tracking) schemes, the photovoltaic power generation control circuit of this application features low hardware cost and simple algorithm development.

[0105] This application also provides a photovoltaic power generation system, including a photovoltaic panel, electrical equipment, and the aforementioned photovoltaic power generation control circuit. This photovoltaic power generation system enables the photovoltaic panel to output maximum power, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. For the specific working principle, please refer to the description of the photovoltaic power generation control circuit above; it will not be repeated here.

[0106] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation control circuit, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and is used to acquire the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic panel. A control module, electrically connected to the acquisition module, is used to determine the output power of the photovoltaic panel based on the output current and the output voltage, and to output a control signal based on the output power. A voltage regulation module is electrically connected to both the photovoltaic panel and the control module, and is used to clamp the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel to a target voltage according to the control signal; the target voltage is the voltage corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel in its current state. as well as The charging module is electrically connected to the electrical equipment, the photovoltaic panel, and the voltage regulation module, respectively, and is used to supply power to the electrical equipment according to the target voltage.

2. The photovoltaic power generation control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulation module includes a resistor unit and a current regulation unit. The first end of the resistor unit is electrically connected to the output end of the photovoltaic panel and the charging module, respectively. The second end of the resistor unit is grounded through the current regulation unit. The control end of the current regulation unit is electrically connected to the control module. The common terminal of the resistor unit and the current regulating unit is used to receive a preset voltage. The current regulating unit is used to adjust the current flowing through the resistor unit according to the control signal, so as to clamp the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel to the target voltage.

3. The photovoltaic power generation control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control signal includes multiple control sub-signals, the current adjustment unit includes multiple switching units and multiple adjusting resistor units, the first end of all the adjusting resistor units is electrically connected to the second end of the resistor unit, the second end of each adjusting resistor unit is grounded through the corresponding switching unit, and the control end of each switching unit is electrically connected to the control module. Each of the switching units is used to receive a corresponding control sub-signal and to turn on or off according to the control sub-signal.

4. The photovoltaic power generation control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control signal includes a first control sub-signal and a second control sub-signal. The current adjustment unit includes a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a first adjustment resistor unit, and a second adjustment resistor unit. The first end of the first adjustment resistor unit and the first end of the second adjustment resistor unit are both electrically connected to the second end of the resistor unit. The second end of the first adjustment resistor unit is grounded through the first switch unit, and the second end of the second adjustment resistor unit is grounded through the second switch unit. The control terminals of the first switch unit and the second switch unit are respectively electrically connected to the control module. The first switching unit is used to receive the first control sub-signal and turn it on or off according to the first control sub-signal; the second switching unit is used to receive the second control sub-signal and turn it on or off according to the second control sub-signal.

5. The photovoltaic power generation control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control signal further includes a third control sub-signal, and the current adjustment unit further includes a third switch unit and a third adjustment resistor unit; the first end of the third adjustment resistor unit is electrically connected to the first end of the first adjustment resistor unit and the first end of the second adjustment resistor unit, respectively, the second end of the third adjustment resistor unit is grounded through the third switch unit, and the control end of the third switch unit is electrically connected to the control module. The third switching unit is used to receive the third control sub-signal and to turn on or off according to the third control sub-signal.

6. The photovoltaic power generation control circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The acquisition module includes a current acquisition unit and a voltage acquisition unit. The current acquisition unit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and the control module, respectively, and the voltage acquisition unit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and the control module, respectively. The current acquisition unit is used to acquire the output current of the photovoltaic panel and transmit the output current to the control module; the voltage acquisition unit is used to acquire the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel and transmit the output voltage to the control module.

7. The photovoltaic power generation control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The voltage acquisition unit includes a first resistor and a second resistor. The first end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the output end of the photovoltaic panel, the second end of the first resistor is grounded through the second resistor, and the common end of the first resistor and the second resistor is electrically connected to the control module.

8. The photovoltaic power generation control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The current acquisition unit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and an operational amplifier. The first end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and the first end of the fourth resistor. The second end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth resistor and ground. The second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth resistor and the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier. The second end of the sixth resistor is used to receive a reference voltage. The second end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the seventh resistor and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. The output terminal of the operational amplifier is electrically connected to the control module and the second end of the seventh resistor.

9. The photovoltaic power generation control circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The charging module includes a charging chip, which is electrically connected to the electrical device, the photovoltaic panel, and the voltage regulation module, respectively. The charging chip is used to supply power to the electrical device according to the target voltage.

10. A photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that, It includes photovoltaic panels, electrical equipment, and the photovoltaic power generation control circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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