Portable comfort detection device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a portable comfort detection device, belonging to the field of rail transit detection. It includes multiple sensors for detecting environmental parameters inside the train carriage and a portable controller host. The portable controller host includes a housing and a multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard, battery module, and storage module integrated within the housing. The housing has insertion ports corresponding to the communication interfaces of each channel on the motherboard, and each sensor is connected to its corresponding interface via shielded cables. This device solves the problems of bulky and scattered existing equipment, achieving flexible mobility and rapid deployment, high integration, and portability. All sensors are connected to the same motherboard via wired connections for synchronous acquisition, ensuring the time synchronization of data such as vibration, noise, speed, temperature, and humidity, providing support for in-depth and reliable data correlation analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of rail transit inspection, specifically relating to a portable integrated inspection device for real-time inspection of the interior environment of subway, train and other rail transit vehicle carriages. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are two main methods for testing the comfort level inside rail transit carriages:

[0003] The first method is subjective, manual surveys: relying on distributing questionnaires or recording passenger feedback on-site. This method is highly subjective, has a small sample size, is inefficient, and cannot obtain continuous, objective physical data.

[0004] The second type is decentralized detection equipment: there are some devices used to detect vibration, noise, temperature, and humidity, but these devices have obvious defects:

[0005] 1. Low integration and bulky: Each sensor is equipped with an independent data acquisition unit and power supply unit, making the system complex. It requires a special cart or fixed installation, has poor portability, and cannot be flexibly and quickly deployed on multiple trains in operation.

[0006] 2. Data asynchrony: Because each sensor is an independent system, the systems are distributed, and the parameters are collected by different devices, the data timestamps are inconsistent, making it difficult to perform accurate correlation analysis (for example, analyzing the correlation between vibration and noise generated when passing through a curve at a specific speed).

[0007] 3. Complex installation and highly invasive: It often requires wiring to the vehicle's power supply or communication network, the installation process is cumbersome, and it may affect the vehicle's original system, or even require the vehicle to be shut down for cooperation, resulting in high cost and poor feasibility.

[0008] Therefore, there is a need for a portable detection device that can be quickly deployed, highly integrated, data synchronized, and independent of the vehicle system, in order to achieve efficient, objective, and accurate detection of multiple parameters of the interior environment of the vehicle compartment. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a portable comfort detection device that can more conveniently realize the synchronous detection of multiple parameters of the internal environment of rail transit carriages.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a portable comfort detection device, including multiple sensors for detecting environmental parameters inside the carriage and a portable controller host; the portable controller host includes a housing and a multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard, a battery module and a storage module integrated in the housing; the housing is provided with an insertion port corresponding to each channel communication interface of the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard; each of the sensors is connected to the communication interface of the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard from the corresponding insertion port of the portable controller host through a shielded cable.

[0011] Furthermore, the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard integrates a high-precision clock module, which is electrically connected to multiple sensor signal acquisition channels on the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard, providing a unified synchronous acquisition clock signal for the multiple sensor signal acquisition channels.

[0012] Furthermore, the communication interface of the portable controller host is a quick-connect aviation plug, and the connector of the shielded cable connecting the sensor to the portable controller host is a self-locking aviation plug connector.

[0013] Furthermore, the portable controller host has a high-strength aluminum alloy casing.

[0014] Furthermore, each sensor is installed in the corresponding installation position in the carriage via a connecting structure; the connecting structure includes a mounting base, which is flat or L-shaped, with threaded mounting holes provided on the tooling mounting surface of the mounting base, and high-viscosity adhesive fixed on the carriage mounting surface of the mounting base; the sensor is threadedly connected to the tooling mounting surface of the mounting base, and the mounting base is bonded to the corresponding installation position in the carriage with high-viscosity adhesive.

[0015] Furthermore, the sensors used to detect environmental parameters inside the carriage include a vehicle vibration acceleration sensor, a three-dimensional gyroscope, a pulse velocity sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, and a noise sensor.

[0016] Furthermore, there are five vehicle body vibration acceleration sensors, two of which are first sensors and the other three are second sensors. One first sensor is located on the center line of the first bogie and is offset from the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body, and the other first sensor is located on the center line of the second bogie and is offset from the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body. The two first sensors are offset from the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body by equal distances and in opposite directions. All three second sensors are located on the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body, with one located on the center line of the first bogie, one on the center line of the second bogie, and the other located at the center of the car body.

[0017] Furthermore, the three axes of the triaxial gyroscope are defined in accordance with the three axes of the vehicle body, and are installed on the floor below the seats in the passenger compartment.

[0018] Furthermore, the pulse velocity sensor is mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body frame.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. By highly integrating the power supply, acquisition, processing and storage units into a portable host, the problems of bulky and scattered existing equipment are solved, and the device can be moved and deployed quickly. It has a high degree of integration and is more portable.

[0020] 2. All sensors are connected to the same multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard via wired connection, achieving a high degree of hardware integration. Synchronous acquisition through the unified multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard ensures that data such as vibration, noise, speed, temperature, and humidity are synchronized in time, thereby enabling in-depth and reliable data correlation analysis.

[0021] 3. Through the built-in high-precision clock module, strict synchronous acquisition of all sensor data is further realized, providing a reliable data foundation for analyzing the intrinsic causal relationship between speed, vibration, noise, and environmental parameters.

[0022] 4. The sensor adopts a quick installation structure such as magnetic adsorption and adhesive backing, and the system is completely independent of the vehicle's circuitry, achieving "plug and play" without requiring any modifications to the vehicle or interfering with its normal operation.

[0023] 5. The optimized vibration sensor layout, combined with the gyroscope's compensation and correction of acceleration data, can more realistically and comprehensively reflect the vibration state and stability of the carriage, resulting in more accurate measurement results. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 Top view of the measuring points installed on the carriage floor of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the pulse velocity sensor of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the portable controller host structure;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a plate-shaped mounting base;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an L-shaped mounting base;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of vehicle body vibration acceleration sensor / triaxial gyroscope installation;

[0031] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the pulse velocity sensor installation.

[0032] In the diagram, the components are: vehicle body vibration acceleration sensor 1, first sensor 1-1, second sensor 1-2, three-axis gyroscope 2, pulse velocity sensor 3, temperature sensor 4, humidity sensor 5, air pressure sensor 6, noise sensor 7, center line of bogie 1 8-1, center line of bogie 2 8-2, longitudinal center line of vehicle body 8-3, vehicle body frame 8-4, reflective sticker 8-5, portable controller host 9, multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1, battery module 9-2, storage module 9-3, high-precision clock module 9-4, housing 9-5, insertion port 9-6, mounting base 10, and threaded mounting hole 10-1. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0034] In traditional comfort testing equipment inside train carriages, the data acquisition unit, power supply unit (usually multiple large adapters or batteries), and processing unit are often separate chassis that need to be used together, resulting in large size and heavy weight.

[0035] The portable comfort detection device disclosed in this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes multiple sensors for detecting environmental parameters inside the carriage and a portable controller host 9; the portable controller host 9 includes a housing 9-5 and a multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1, a battery module 9-2 and a storage module 9-3 integrated in the housing 9-5; the housing 9-5 is provided with an insertion port 9-6 corresponding to each channel of the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1; each of the sensors is connected to the corresponding insertion port 9-6 of the portable controller host 9 through a shielded cable.

[0036] By highly integrating the three core functional components—the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1, the battery module 9-2, and the storage module 9-3—into a single portable controller host 9, protected externally by a casing 9-5, a compact, easily portable object is created. This eliminates the complexity of system assembly, allowing the entire device to be easily moved to any carriage for testing, thus improving portability.

[0037] Unlike traditional methods where multiple independent data acquisition devices collect parameters such as vibration, noise, temperature, and humidity separately, each with its own independent clock leading to inconsistent data timestamps, this invention provides all sensors with their own dedicated input ports 9-6 on the portable controller host 9, all connected to a single multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1. This ensures that all sensor signals are ultimately controlled by the same master clock for analog-to-digital conversion. This guarantees that the collected data is recorded simultaneously at the same absolute moment. That is, after synchronous acquisition, these data are saved as independent data series / streams with unified timestamps in the data logging file. The inherent temporal correlation of these data series / streams is precise, providing a unique and reliable data foundation for subsequent accurate analysis of the impact of different vehicle speeds and track conditions on various comfort indicators within the carriage.

[0038] The built-in battery module 9-2 provides the power required for the operation of the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1 and the storage module 9-3, enabling the entire system to operate completely independently of the vehicle's power grid.

[0039] All sensors are connected to a single portable controller host 9 via their respective shielded cables. This makes the field wiring extremely simple and standardized. The shielded cable design also improves the anti-interference capability and reliability of data transmission in the complex electromagnetic environment of the carriage. The entire system is more stable, and the field is safer and cleaner. The multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1 of the portable controller host 9 is equipped with 16 communication interfaces. These communication interfaces correspond one-to-one with the insertion ports 9-6 on the housing 9-5. Each communication interface integrates power and signal into a single cable. For a single sensor, only one cable is needed to complete the sensor's power supply and data transmission, greatly improving convenience and simplifying operation. These communication interfaces use universal quick-connect aviation connectors, and the shielded cable connectors are self-locking aviation connectors, also called self-locking aviation plugs, aviation self-locking plugs, or aviation self-locking connectors. While ensuring high-speed signal transmission, they can effectively prevent signal interference and blind insertion, facilitating quick plugging and unplugging.

[0040] The housing 9-5 of the portable controller host 9 is made of high-strength all-aluminum alloy, which is lightweight, portable, sturdy and has good heat dissipation.

[0041] To ensure that all parameter data are strictly synchronized in time, providing a key guarantee for subsequent accurate data correlation analysis and improving the scientific nature and accuracy of the measurement, preferably, the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1 integrates a high-precision clock module 9-4. The high-precision clock module 9-4 is electrically connected to multiple sensor signal acquisition channels on the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1, and is used to provide a unified synchronous acquisition clock signal for multiple sensor signal acquisition channels.

[0042] The multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1 includes a high-performance MCU, a high-precision clock module, and a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The MCU is the system controller, sending control commands to the ADC via a digital bus (such as SPI, I2C, or a parallel bus) and reading the multi-channel digital data converted by the ADC. It also adds a unified timestamp to the read data and sends the processed data to the storage module 9-3 for storage or uploads it via a communication interface.

[0043] The multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard 9-1 is the core processing unit, equipped with at least multiple sensor signal acquisition channels corresponding to the number of sensors. Each sensor signal acquisition channel includes a signal input terminal, a signal conditioning circuit, and an analog-to-digital converter. The high-precision clock module 9-4 is connected to the analog-to-digital converters of all channels and simultaneously sends sampling trigger signals to ensure that all channels start acquiring data at the same time and convert analog signals into digital signals, thereby achieving strict synchronization of all sensor data.

[0044] The sensors used to detect environmental parameters inside the carriage include a vehicle vibration acceleration sensor 1, a gyroscope 2, a pulse velocity sensor 3, a temperature sensor 4, a humidity sensor 5, an air pressure sensor 6, and a noise sensor 7.

[0045] Each sensor is installed in its corresponding position in the carriage via a connecting structure; the connecting structure includes a mounting base 10, the mounting base 10 being as follows: Figure 5 The flat plate shape shown or as Figure 6 As shown in the L-shape, a threaded mounting hole 10-1 is provided on the tooling mounting surface of the mounting base 10, and a high-viscosity adhesive is fixed on the vehicle body mounting surface of the mounting base 10; the sensor is threadedly connected to the tooling mounting surface of the mounting base 10, and the mounting base 10 is bonded to the corresponding mounting position in the vehicle body by the high-viscosity adhesive.

[0046] If sensors are directly fixed by adhesive, repeated installations can cause irreversible damage to the sensor mounting surfaces. The mounting base 10 avoids this problem. Using screws to fix the sensors to the mounting base 10 facilitates quick and easy sensor replacement, improving convenience. It also accommodates the specific installation positions and angles required for different vehicle models and testing environments (such as mounting pulse velocity sensors under the vehicle frame). The mounting base 10 is adhesively installed into the corresponding location in the vehicle compartment, achieving rapid, non-invasive installation without altering any vehicle structure, significantly reducing installation time and improving testing efficiency.

[0047] like Figure 7As shown, the vehicle vibration acceleration sensor 1 is connected to a flat mounting base 10 with screws, and the mounting base 10 is attached to the vehicle floor. The gyroscope 2 is connected to the flat mounting base 10 with screws, and the mounting base 10 is attached to the floor under a suitable seat in the vehicle.

[0048] like Figure 8 As shown, the pulse speed sensor 3 is mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body frame 8-4 using an L-shaped mounting base 10. The bottom surface of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped mounting base 10 is adhered to the top surface of the vehicle body frame 8-4. The pulse speed sensor 3 is connected to the vertical plate of the L-shaped mounting base 10 with screws and aligned with the outer side of the wheel rim. Figure 3 As shown, a reflective sticker 8-5 of a fixed size is attached to the outer side of the wheel rim. When the wheel rotates, the laser port of the pulse speed sensor 3 scans the reflective sticker 8-5 to calculate the speed pulse signal, thereby determining the vehicle's speed. The speed signal can be further used to calculate kilometer marker data and analyze the impact of different operating conditions and speeds on vehicle vibration, cabin noise, air pressure signals, etc.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, there are five vehicle body vibration acceleration sensors 1, two of which are first sensors 1-1 and the other three are second sensors 1-2. One first sensor 1-1 is located on the center line 8-1 of the first bogie and is offset from the longitudinal centerline 8-3 of the vehicle body. The other first sensor 1-1 is located on the center line 8-2 of the second bogie and is offset from the longitudinal centerline 8-3 of the vehicle body. The distance between the two first sensors 1-1 and the longitudinal centerline 8-3 of the vehicle body is 1000mm and the direction of the offset is opposite. All three second sensors 1-2 are located on the longitudinal centerline 8-3 of the vehicle body. One is located on the center line 8-1 of the first bogie, one is located on the center line 8-2 of the second bogie, and the other is located at the center of the car body.

[0050] Vibration in rail transit vehicles primarily originates from wheel-rail contact and is transmitted to the car body via the bogies. Therefore, installing sensors above the centerline 8-1 of the first bogie and the centerline 8-2 of the second bogie allows for direct measurement of the vibration input points, making these the most critical locations for vibration monitoring. The car center is typically the area with the greatest vibration deformation and is also the area most noticeable to passengers. Installing sensors at this location allows for the measurement of the overall bending and bouncing of the vehicle structure. Thus, this sensor placement method reflects the vibration of the entire car body, rather than just localized vibrations.

[0051] The two first sensors 1-1 are symmetrically offset from the vehicle's centerline, with opposite directions of offset. When the vehicle turns, the lateral vibration acceleration on both sides of the passenger compartment will differ. By comparing the data from these two symmetrical points, the lateral roll and torsional deformation of the vehicle body can be accurately quantified, which are important indicators for assessing stability and safety. The three second sensors 1-2, located on the centerline, can effectively measure the vehicle body's vertical vibration (nose-diving, heave) and pure lateral vibration.

[0052] Finally, the setup of multiple vehicle body vibration acceleration sensors 1 ensures that even if one sensor fails, the system can still obtain vibration data of key areas from other locations, guaranteeing the continuity and success rate of the test mission.

[0053] The three axes of the triaxial gyroscope 2 are defined in the same way as the vehicle's three axes, that is, both define X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, and their X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are in the same direction. The triaxial gyroscope 2 directly measures the angular velocity of the vehicle in a curve. Its main function in the system is to sense the vehicle's turning, tilting, and pitching rotational movements. By integrating the angular velocity, the change in attitude angle can be estimated. The vehicle vibration acceleration sensor 1 can directly provide the vehicle's raw vibration data, but it cannot distinguish between the gravitational component and the vehicle's acceleration. When the vehicle tilts while cornering, the vehicle coordinate system rotates relative to the ground coordinate system, and the vertical and lateral acceleration measured by the vehicle vibration acceleration sensor 1 will be severely distorted. The system integrates the angular velocity directly measured by the triaxial gyroscope 2 to obtain the real-time attitude angle, thereby transforming the coordinate system in real time. Then, it fuses the data from the triaxial gyroscope 2 and the vehicle vibration acceleration sensor 1 through a specific filtering algorithm, removes the interference vector components measured in the accelerometer, and finally obtains the linear acceleration generated by the pure vehicle motion, achieving high-precision measurement and improving the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0054] In the description of this specification, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. Terms such as "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish technical features and do not indicate a specific order.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A portable comfort detection device, characterized in that: It includes multiple sensors for detecting environmental parameters inside the carriage and a portable controller host (9); the portable controller host (9) includes a housing (9-5) and a multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard (9-1), a battery module (9-2) and a storage module (9-3) integrated in the housing (9-5); the housing (9-5) is provided with an insertion port (9-6) corresponding to each channel communication interface of the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard (9-1); each of the sensors is connected to the communication interface of the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard (9-1) from the corresponding insertion port (9-6) of the portable controller host (9) through a shielded cable.

2. The portable comfort detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard (9-1) integrates a high-precision clock module (9-4), which is electrically connected to multiple sensor signal acquisition channels on the multi-channel synchronous acquisition motherboard (9-1) to provide a unified synchronous acquisition clock signal for multiple sensor signal acquisition channels.

3. The portable comfort detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication interface of the portable controller host (9) is a quick-connect aviation plug, and the connector of the shielded cable connecting the sensor to the portable controller host (9) is a self-locking aviation plug connector.

4. The portable comfort detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (9-5) of the portable controller host (9) is a high-strength aluminum alloy housing.

5. The portable comfort detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Each sensor is installed in the corresponding installation position in the carriage via a connecting structure; the connecting structure includes a mounting base (10), which is flat or L-shaped, and has threaded mounting holes (10-1) on the tooling mounting surface of the mounting base (10), and high-viscosity adhesive is fixed on the carriage mounting surface of the mounting base (10); the sensor is threaded to the tooling mounting surface of the mounting base (10), and the mounting base (10) is bonded to the corresponding installation position in the carriage by the high-viscosity adhesive.

6. The portable comfort detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sensors used to detect the environmental parameters inside the carriage include a vehicle body vibration acceleration sensor (1), a three-dimensional gyroscope (2), a pulse velocity sensor (3), a temperature sensor (4), a humidity sensor (5), a barometric pressure sensor (6), and a noise sensor (7).

7. The portable comfort detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are five vehicle body vibration acceleration sensors (1), two of which are first sensors (1-1) and the other three are second sensors (1-2). One first sensor (1-1) is located on the center line (8-1) of the first bogie and is offset from the longitudinal centerline (8-3) of the vehicle body. The other first sensor (1-1) is located on the center line (8-2) of the second bogie and is offset from the longitudinal centerline (8-3) of the vehicle body. The two first sensors (1-1) are equidistant from the longitudinal centerline (8-3) of the vehicle body and are offset in opposite directions. All three second sensors (1-2) are located on the longitudinal centerline (8-3) of the vehicle body. One is located on the center line (8-1) of the first bogie, one is located on the center line (8-2) of the second bogie, and the other is located at the center of the car body.

8. The portable comfort detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The three axes of the triaxial gyroscope (2) are defined in the same way as the three axes of the vehicle body and are installed on the floor under the seats in the car.

9. The portable comfort detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pulse velocity sensor (3) is installed on the top surface of the vehicle body frame (8-4).

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