Low-temperature type composite carbon source rapid fermentation system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521550831.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-24
AI Technical Summary
[0002]复合碳源（如餐厨垃圾、农林废弃物、污泥等）的厌氧发酵技术在生物质能源转化（如沼气生产）、有机肥料制备及污水处理等领域具有重要应用价值；然而，在低温环境（尤其是常年或季节性寒冷地区）下进行发酵，面临着显著的效率瓶颈：低温会严重抑制微生物的活性与代谢速率，导致发酵周期大幅延长、产气率低下、甚至发酵失败；
[0011] In summary, this invention has the following beneficial effects: The invention achieves highly efficient mixing and completely eliminates the low-temperature stirring dead zone. It employs a synergistic design of bidirectional alternating reverse spiral guide plates and a reverse spiral guide ring on the tank wall. This reverse spiral combination forces the material to simultaneously generate strong circumferential flow and axial convection, forming complex vortices and a high-intensity shear field. This completely breaks down the stratification phenomenon of high-viscosity materials caused by low temperatures, eliminating the stirring dead zone. The bottom of the inner tank integrates a heat exchange jacket, which, together with the high-level insulated collection box, forms a closed loop through a connecting pipe and a downcomer. The bioheat generated during fermentation heats the working fluid inside the jacket via the tank wall. The reduced-density working fluid naturally rises and flows into the collection box, while the low-temperature, high-density working fluid automatically flows back to the bottom of the jacket through the downcomer, forming a passive, self-sustaining thermosiphon cycle without external power. This efficiently recovers and utilizes waste bioheat, significantly reducing the system's additional heating energy consumption.
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Figure CN224646874U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of composite carbon source fermentation technology, specifically a low-temperature composite carbon source rapid fermentation system. Background Technology
[0002] Anaerobic fermentation technology using composite carbon sources (such as kitchen waste, agricultural and forestry waste, sludge, etc.) has important application value in biomass energy conversion (such as biogas production), organic fertilizer preparation and sewage treatment. However, fermentation in low-temperature environments (especially in perennial or seasonally cold regions) faces significant efficiency bottlenecks: low temperatures severely inhibit the activity and metabolic rate of microorganisms, leading to a significantly longer fermentation cycle, low gas production rate, and even fermentation failure. Current fermentation equipment still has the following drawbacks: it uses single-layer or simple jacketed tanks with conventional insulation materials (such as polyurethane and rock wool). However, under extremely low temperatures or long-term use, the insulation performance of these materials decreases significantly, and they also suffer from aging, moisture absorption failure, and other problems. They are unable to effectively prevent the continuous loss of heat from the tank to the low-temperature environment, resulting in extremely high energy consumption required to maintain the fermentation temperature. It relies on traditional stirring paddles (such as paddle and turbine paddles) for mechanical stirring. At low temperatures, the viscosity of the material increases, and conventional stirring methods are prone to creating dead zones in the flow, resulting in severe material stratification and extremely uneven temperature and material distribution. This not only reduces the effective contact between microorganisms and substrates but also hinders the uniform transfer of heat, affecting the overall reaction rate. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-temperature composite carbon source rapid fermentation system, which has the effects of efficient mixing to completely eliminate the low-temperature stirring dead zone and passive thermosiphon circulation to efficiently recover biological heat.
[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a low-temperature composite carbon source rapid fermentation system, including an inner tank, an outer shell welded to the outside of the inner tank, a vacuum cavity provided between the outer shell and the inner tank, an elliptical tank cover provided at the top of the outer shell, a stirring shaft rotatably provided in the middle of the inner tank, a plurality of mounting columns fixedly provided on the surface of the stirring shaft, a spiral guide plate fixedly provided on the surface of the mounting columns, a heat exchange jacket fixedly provided at the bottom of the inner tank, and a heat preservation collection box provided above the outer shell, the bottom of the heat preservation collection box being connected to the top of one side and the bottom of one side of the heat exchange jacket through a connecting pipe and a downcomer pipe, respectively.
[0005] A further feature of this invention is that a discharge pipe is fixedly provided at the middle of the bottom of the inner tank, a sealing cap is threaded at the bottom of the discharge pipe, and a guide seat corresponding to the discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the inner tank.
[0006] A further feature of this invention is that the inner wall of the inner tank is welded with a spiral guide ring, which is divided into multiple spiral segments, and the spiral direction is opposite to the spiral direction of the corresponding spiral guide plate.
[0007] A further feature of this invention is that: annular mounting plates are fixedly provided at the top of the outer shell and the bottom of the can lid, and the two mounting plates are connected by mounting bolts; a feed pipe is fixedly provided on one side of the top of the can lid, and a sealing cap is threaded on the top of the feed pipe; and a support leg is fixedly provided at the bottom of the outer shell.
[0008] A further feature of this invention is that one side of the heat-insulating collection box is fixedly connected to the top of the can lid via a mounting bracket, a motor bracket is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting bracket, a drive motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the motor bracket, and the drive shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the top of the stirring shaft.
[0009] A further feature of this invention is that a water inlet pipe is fixedly provided on one side of the insulated collection box, and a control valve is installed on the surface of the water inlet pipe.
[0010] A further feature of this invention is that a hot water outlet interface is fixedly provided at the top of one side of the heat exchange jacket, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting pipe, and a cold water inlet interface is provided at the bottom of one side of the heat exchange jacket, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the downcomer.
[0011] In summary, this invention has the following beneficial effects: The invention achieves highly efficient mixing and completely eliminates the low-temperature stirring dead zone. It employs a synergistic design of bidirectional alternating reverse spiral guide plates and a reverse spiral guide ring on the tank wall. This reverse spiral combination forces the material to simultaneously generate strong circumferential flow and axial convection, forming complex vortices and a high-intensity shear field. This completely breaks down the stratification phenomenon of high-viscosity materials caused by low temperatures, eliminating the stirring dead zone. The bottom of the inner tank integrates a heat exchange jacket, which, together with the high-level insulated collection box, forms a closed loop through a connecting pipe and a downcomer. The bioheat generated during fermentation heats the working fluid inside the jacket via the tank wall. The reduced-density working fluid naturally rises and flows into the collection box, while the low-temperature, high-density working fluid automatically flows back to the bottom of the jacket through the downcomer, forming a passive, self-sustaining thermosiphon cycle without external power. This efficiently recovers and utilizes waste bioheat, significantly reducing the system's additional heating energy consumption. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of this utility model; Figure 2 This is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral guide plate of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the inner tank of this utility model.
[0013] In the diagram: 1. Inner tank; 101. Spiral guide ring; 102. Discharge pipe; 103. Heat exchange jacket; 104. Hot water outlet interface; 105. Cold water inlet interface; 2. Outer shell; 201. Support leg; 202. Tank cover; 203. Feed pipe; 3. Stirring shaft; 301. Mounting column; 302. Spiral guide plate; 4. Insulated collection box; 401. Mounting frame; 402. Water inlet pipe; 403. Connecting pipe; 404. Downcomer; 5. Motor frame; 501. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation
[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments thereof.
[0015] Please see Figures 1-5In this embodiment of the present invention, a low-temperature composite carbon source rapid fermentation system includes an inner tank 1, which is made of a material with good thermal conductivity. An outer shell 2 is welded to the outside of the inner tank 1, and the outer layer of the outer shell 2 is coated with an anti-corrosion coating. A vacuum cavity is provided between the outer shell 2 and the inner tank 1, and a small amount of nano-silica aerogel powder is filled inside the vacuum cavity. This powder acts as a getter and auxiliary insulation material, forming a super insulation layer to minimize heat loss from the tank through the tank wall to the low-temperature environment. An elliptical tank cover 202 is provided at the top of the outer shell 2. A stirring shaft 3 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the inner tank 1. The stirring shaft 3 is connected to the middle of the tank cover 202 via a sealed bearing. Multiple mounting posts 301 are fixedly mounted on the surface of the stirring shaft 3, and spiral guide plates 302 are fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting posts 301. The spiral directions of adjacent spiral guide plates 302 are opposite. When the stirring shaft 3 rotates, it drives the spiral guide plates 302 to rotate, forcing the material to not only rotate circumferentially but also generating a strong... The combination of axial flow and oppositely rotating guide plates can form complex vortices and shear forces, completely breaking down material stratification, eliminating dead zones in the mixing, and significantly increasing the contact frequency between the material and the tank wall and material particles. It can also ensure uniform mixing and consistent temperature of the material even at low temperatures. The bottom of the inner tank 1 is fixedly equipped with a heat exchange jacket 103, and the top of the outer shell 2 is equipped with a heat-insulating collection box 4. The bottom of the heat-insulating collection box 4 is connected to the top of one side and the bottom of the heat exchange jacket 103 through a connecting pipe 403 and a downcomer 404, respectively. During the fermentation process, a large amount of biological heat is generated at the bottom of the inner tank 1. The heat is conducted through the tank wall to the working fluid in the heat exchange jacket 103. The density of the heated working fluid decreases, and it rises naturally in the heat exchange jacket 103. It flows into the high-level heat-insulating collection box 4 through the connecting pipe 403. The working fluid in the heat-insulating collection box 4, which has a relatively low temperature, has a higher density and flows rapidly into the bottom of the heat exchange jacket 103 through the downcomer 404 under the action of gravity, forming a passive self-sustaining thermosiphon cycle.
[0016] In this embodiment, preferably, a discharge pipe 102 is fixedly provided in the middle of the bottom end of the inner tank 1, a sealing cap is threaded on the bottom of the discharge pipe 102, and a guide seat corresponding to the discharge pipe 102 is provided at the bottom of the inner tank 1, so that the material inside the inner tank 1 can be quickly discharged through the discharge pipe 102. In this embodiment, preferably, the inner wall of the inner tank 1 is welded with a spiral guide ring 101, which is divided into multiple spiral segments. The spiral direction is opposite to the spiral direction of the corresponding spiral guide plate 302, which further enhances the shear and turbulence of the fluid, improves the mixing efficiency, and guides the fluid to flush the tank wall, thereby enhancing heat transfer. In this embodiment, preferably, annular mounting plates are fixedly provided at the top of the outer shell 2 and the bottom of the can lid 202, and the two mounting plates are connected by mounting bolts. A feed pipe 203 is fixedly provided on one side of the top of the can lid 202, and a sealing cap is threaded on the top of the feed pipe 203. A support leg 201 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the outer shell 2 to provide stable support for the entire device. In this embodiment, preferably, one side of the heat preservation collection box 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the can lid 202 via a mounting bracket 401 to limit the position of the heat preservation collection box 4. A motor bracket 5 is fixedly provided at the top of the mounting bracket 401, and a drive motor 501 is fixedly provided at the top of the motor bracket 5. The drive shaft of the drive motor 501 is fixedly connected to the top of the stirring shaft 3. The rotation of the drive shaft of the drive motor 501 can drive the stirring shaft 3 to rotate. In this embodiment, preferably, a water inlet pipe 402 is fixedly provided on one side of the heat preservation collection box 4, and a control valve is installed on the surface of the water inlet pipe 402 to control the opening and closing of the water inlet pipe 402. In this embodiment, preferably, a hot water outlet interface 104 is fixedly provided on the top of one side of the heat exchange jacket 103, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting pipe 403, and a cold water inlet interface 105 is provided on the bottom of one side of the heat exchange jacket 103, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the downcomer 404, forming a passive self-sustaining thermosiphon cycle.
[0017] In use, the inner tank 1 is made of a high thermal conductivity material, and its outer shell 2 is welded to form a sealed cavity. This cavity is evacuated and filled with a small amount of nano-silica aerogel powder. The vacuum environment blocks the gas heat conduction and convection paths. The nano-aerogel powder acts as a getter to maintain vacuum stability. At the same time, its nanoporous structure significantly inhibits radiative heat transfer, ensuring stable fermentation temperature. The output shaft of the drive motor 501 drives the stirring shaft 3 to rotate. The multi-layer spiral guide plates 302 fixed on the mounting column 301 rotate synchronously. The spiral directions of adjacent spiral guide plates 302 are opposite. When the stirring shaft 3 rotates, the reverse spiral combination forces the material to generate strong circumferential rotation and axial bidirectional convection at the same time. The spiral guide rings 101 welded to the tank wall (segmented and opposite to the corresponding spiral guide plates) 302) Further aggravates fluid shear and turbulence. The above synergistic effect forms a complex vortex field, which completely breaks the material stratification caused by low temperature and high viscosity, eliminates the stirring dead zone, and realizes uniform mixing and temperature uniformity of the material throughout the entire process. The bio-heat generated at the bottom of the inner tank 1 during the fermentation process is conducted through the tank wall to the working fluid (such as water) in the heat exchange jacket 103. The density of the heated working fluid decreases and it rises naturally through the hot water outlet interface 104 and the connecting pipe 403 into the high-level heat preservation collection box 4. The low-temperature working fluid density in the heat preservation collection box 4 is relatively large and flows back to the bottom of the heat exchange jacket 103 through the downcomer 404 and the cold water inlet interface 105. The working fluid forms a continuous thermosiphon circulation without external power due to the density difference. The recovered heat is stored in the heat preservation collection box 4 and can be used externally.
[0018] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of the present utility model patent application are included in the scope of the present utility model patent application.
Claims
1. A low-temperature type composite carbon source rapid fermentation system comprising an inner tank (1), characterized in that, The outer shell (2) is welded to the outside of the inner tank (1). A vacuum cavity is provided between the outer shell (2) and the inner tank (1). An elliptical tank cover (202) is provided at the top of the outer shell (2). A stirring shaft (3) is rotatably provided in the middle of the inner tank (1). Multiple mounting columns (301) are fixedly provided on the surface of the stirring shaft (3). A spiral guide plate (302) is fixedly provided on the surface of the mounting column (301). A heat exchange jacket (103) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the inner tank (1). A heat-insulating collection box (4) is provided above the outer shell (2). The bottom of the heat-insulating collection box (4) is connected to the top of one side and the bottom of one side of the heat exchange jacket (103) through a connecting pipe (403) and a downcomer (404), respectively.
2. The low-temperature type composite carbon source rapid fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tank (1) is fixedly provided with a discharge pipe (102) at the middle of the bottom end. The bottom of the discharge pipe (102) is provided with a sealing cap threaded on it. The bottom of the inner tank (1) is provided with a guide seat corresponding to the discharge pipe (102).
3. The low-temperature type composite carbon source rapid fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the inner tank (1) is welded with a spiral guide ring (101), which is divided into multiple spiral segments, and the spiral direction is opposite to the spiral direction of the corresponding spiral guide plate (302).
4. The low-temperature type composite carbon source rapid fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the outer shell (2) and the bottom of the can lid (202) are both fixed with annular mounting plates. The two mounting plates are connected by mounting bolts. A feed pipe (203) is fixed on one side of the top of the can lid (202). A sealing cap is threaded on the top of the feed pipe (203). A support leg (201) is fixed on the bottom of the outer shell (2).
5. The low-temperature type composite carbon source rapid fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the heat-insulating collection box (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the can lid (202) via a mounting bracket (401). A motor bracket (5) is fixedly provided at the top of the mounting bracket (401), and a drive motor (501) is fixedly provided at the top of the motor bracket (5). The drive shaft of the drive motor (501) is fixedly connected to the top of the stirring shaft (3).
6. The low-temperature composite carbon source rapid fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water inlet pipe (402) is fixedly provided on one side of the insulated collection box (4), and a control valve is installed on the surface of the water inlet pipe (402).
7. The low-temperature composite carbon source rapid fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hot water outlet interface (104) is fixedly provided on the top of one side of the heat exchange jacket (103), which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting pipe (403). A cold water inlet interface (105) is provided on the bottom of one side of the heat exchange jacket (103), which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the downcomer (404).