Single cell and battery pack

Abstract

The application provides a single battery and a battery pack. According to the single battery provided by the application, when uncontrolled gas production occurs in the electrode assembly of the single battery, especially when the electrode assembly produces gas violently, the single battery provided by the application not only guides the gas to the explosion-proof valve through the exhaust hole, but also guides the exhaust gas to the explosion-proof hole of the explosion-proof valve through the gas guide groove on the top cover sheet, so that timely exhaust is ensured, the internal gas pressure of the single battery is prevented from being too large, and the risk of explosion of the single battery is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a single cell battery and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With environmental issues becoming increasingly prominent, a low-carbon economy has become the mainstream of future economic development. New energy sources will gradually replace traditional polluting energy sources, and power batteries, as a representative of new energy, are gradually gaining recognition from manufacturers and consumers. As the main power source for new energy vehicles, power batteries have become one of the key components of electric vehicles.

[0003] In current designs, the internal pressure relief path of the power battery top cover is as follows: uncontrolled gas generation from the internal core is released through the vent hole in the middle of the lower plastic layer to the explosion-proof valve. When the explosion-proof valve reaches the critical pressure, it opens to release pressure. However, when the core generates gas violently, relying solely on the vent hole in the middle of the lower plastic layer to release gas to the explosion-proof valve will result in untimely venting, excessive internal pressure, and the explosion-proof valve not yet reaching the critical pressure, leading to a cell explosion. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a single battery cell and a battery pack, with the aim of solving the above-mentioned technical problems to a certain extent.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a single-cell battery is provided, comprising: A housing having a receiving cavity; An electrode assembly disposed in the receiving cavity; A top cover assembly, comprising a top cover plate, an explosion-proof valve, and a lower plastic piece, wherein the top cover plate is connected to the housing and covers the receiving cavity, the top cover plate is provided with an explosion-proof hole, the explosion-proof valve is connected to the top cover plate and covers the explosion-proof hole, the lower plastic piece is connected to the housing and located on the side of the housing facing the electrode assembly, and the lower plastic piece is provided with an exhaust hole communicating with the receiving cavity and the explosion-proof hole; The top cover has a first surface, the lower plastic is disposed on the first surface, the first surface is provided with an air guide groove, and the air guide groove connects the receiving cavity and the explosion-proof hole.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, optionally, the single battery cell has a first direction and a second direction that are perpendicular to each other; the gas guide groove includes a first groove disposed on the first surface, the first groove is in communication with the receiving cavity, and the first groove extends along the second direction to the explosion-proof hole and is in communication with the explosion-proof hole.

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, optionally, the first slot is provided in multiple manner, the multiple first slots are spaced apart along the first direction, and each of the first slots is connected to the receiving cavity and the explosion-proof hole; or / and The first slot is provided in multiple ways, and the explosion-proof hole is provided with at least one first slot on each of the opposite sides in the second direction.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, optionally, the air guide groove further includes a second groove and a connecting groove disposed on the first surface, the second groove extends along the second direction and communicates with the receiving cavity, the second groove is spaced apart from the explosion-proof hole in the first direction; the connecting groove connects the second groove and the explosion-proof hole, or the connecting groove connects the second groove and the first groove.

[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, optionally, the top cover has a first edge extending along the first direction, and the lower plastic has a second edge extending along the first direction; in the second direction, the second edge is located between the first edge and the explosion-proof valve; The air guide groove further includes a first side groove disposed on the first surface. The first side groove extends along the first direction. In the second direction, the first side groove is located between the first edge and the second edge. The first side groove communicates with the receiving cavity. The first groove extends along the second direction to the first side groove and communicates with the first side groove.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, optionally, the top cover sheet also has a third edge extending along the second direction, and the lower plastic also has a fourth edge extending along the second direction; in the first direction, the fourth edge is located between the second edge and the explosion-proof valve. The air guide groove also includes a second side groove disposed on the first surface. The second side groove communicates with the receiving cavity. The second side groove extends along the second direction to the first side groove and communicates with the first side groove. In the first direction, the second side groove is located between the third edge and the fourth edge.

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, optionally, the top cover has a first edge extending along the first direction, and the lower plastic has a second edge extending along the first direction; in the second direction, the second edge is located between the first edge and the explosion-proof valve; the first groove extends along the second direction beyond the second edge, so that the first groove can communicate with the receiving cavity.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, optionally, the single battery cell also has a third direction, the top cover plate also has a second surface opposite to the first surface, the top cover plate also has a protrusion, the protrusion is disposed on the second surface; when projected along the third direction on a plane perpendicular to the third direction, the projection area of ​​the protrusion at least partially falls into the projection area of ​​the edge of the air guide groove.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, optionally, the top cover assembly further includes a first terminal and a second terminal that are both electrically connected to the electrode assembly. The first terminal and the second terminal are both disposed through the lower plastic and the top cover sheet, and at least one of the first terminal and the second terminal is insulated from the top cover sheet. The top cover is provided with a first injection hole, and the lower plastic is provided with a second injection hole. The second injection hole connects the receiving cavity and the first injection hole. The first injection hole is spaced apart from the air guide groove.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides a battery pack including the single battery cells described above.

[0015] According to the single cell provided in this application, in the event of uncontrolled gas generation in the electrode assembly of the single cell, especially when the gas generation in the electrode assembly is violent, the gas can not only be directly guided to the explosion-proof valve through the exhaust port, but also guided to the explosion-proof port of the explosion-proof valve through the gas guide groove on the top cover plate. This ensures that the gas path is unobstructed and the gas is vented in a timely manner, avoiding excessive internal gas pressure in the single cell and reducing the risk of explosion of the single cell under unexpected circumstances.

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing an exploded view of a single cell provided according to an embodiment of this application is illustrated.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional view of the top cover assembly of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of this application is provided.

[0020] Figure 3An exploded view schematic diagram of a first example of a top cover assembly provided according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic plan view of a top cover assembly provided according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0022] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged view at point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 6 It shows Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged view at point B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 7 An exploded view schematic diagram of a second example of a top cover assembly provided according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional top cover assembly provided according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0026] Figure label: 100 - Housing; 110 - Receiving cavity; 200-Electrode assembly; 300 - Top cover assembly; 310 - Top cover piece; 311 - Explosion-proof hole; 312 - Air guide groove; 3121 - First groove; 3122 - Second groove; 3123 - Connecting groove; 3124 - First side groove; 3125 - Second side groove; 313 - First surface; 314 - First edge; 315 - Third edge; 316 - Second surface; 3161 - Protrusion; 317 - First injection hole; 320 - Explosion-proof valve; 330 - Lower plastic; 331 - Vent hole; 332 - Second edge; 333 - Fourth edge; 334 - Second injection hole; 340 - First terminal; 350 - Second terminal; X - First direction; Y - Second direction; Z - Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0031] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a single-cell battery is provided. The structure and working principle of the single-cell battery will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] According to the embodiments of this application, the single-cell battery includes a housing 100, an electrode assembly 200, and a top cover assembly 300. In one embodiment, the housing 100 has a receiving cavity 110, and the electrode assembly 200 is disposed in the receiving cavity 110.

[0033] In this embodiment, the top cover assembly 300 includes a top cover plate 310, an explosion-proof valve 320, and a lower plastic 330. The top cover plate 310 is connected to the housing 100 and covers the receiving cavity 110. The top cover plate 310 is provided with an explosion-proof hole 311. The explosion-proof valve 320 is connected to the top cover plate 310 and covers the explosion-proof hole 311. The lower plastic 330 is connected to the housing 100 and is located on the side of the housing 100 facing the electrode assembly 200. The lower plastic 330 is provided with an exhaust hole 331 that connects the receiving cavity 110 and the explosion-proof hole 311.

[0034] In the embodiment, the top cover 310 has a first surface 313, and the lower plastic 330 is disposed on the first surface 313. The first surface 313 is provided with an air guide groove 312, which connects the receiving cavity 110 and the explosion-proof hole 311.

[0035] Thus, according to the single battery provided in this application embodiment, when the electrode assembly 200 of the single battery experiences uncontrolled gas production, especially when the gas production of the electrode assembly 200 is violent, the single battery provided in this application embodiment not only guides gas to the explosion-proof valve 320 through the exhaust port 331, but also guides gas to the explosion-proof port 311 of the explosion-proof valve 320 through the gas guide groove 312 on the top cover plate 310, thereby ensuring that the gas reaches the explosion-proof valve 320 in time and is exhausted in time under the set threshold, avoiding excessive internal gas pressure in the single battery and reducing the risk of single battery explosion.

[0036] In an embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an exploded view of a single battery cell is provided. The single battery cell can be used as a power battery to power electric vehicles. In terms of type, the single battery cell can be, for example, a prismatic battery. The housing 100 can be, for example, a cuboid shape and can be formed of, for example, aluminum. The top cover 310 can be, for example, a rectangular plate and can be connected to the housing 100 by means such as welding.

[0037] In an embodiment, the electrode assembly 200 may include a main body, tabs, and adapter plates. In an embodiment, the positive tab and the negative tab extend from the main body and can be soldered to the corresponding adapter plates, and then connected to the corresponding positive and negative terminals provided on the top cover plate 310 via the corresponding adapter plates.

[0038] In this embodiment, a single battery cell may have two perpendicular directions: a first direction X, a second direction Y, and a third direction Z. In practical applications, the single battery cell may have the following orientation: the third direction Z represents the height of the single battery cell, the first direction X represents the length of the single battery cell, and the second direction Y represents the width of the single battery cell. In this orientation, the top cover 310 of the single battery cell can be the top of the single battery cell, and the first surface 313 mentioned above can be the lower surface of the top cover 310. The air guide groove 312 is disposed on the lower surface of the top cover 310, that is, the surface facing the electrode assembly 200. Furthermore, the length and width directions of the single battery cell are also the length and width directions of the top cover 310.

[0039] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 320 is disposed on the top cover plate 310. In this embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 320 is formed by an explosion-proof hole 311 and an explosion-proof plate that closes the explosion-proof hole 311. It should be noted that before the explosion-proof valve 320 is triggered, that is, when at least a portion of the explosion-proof plate is separated from the main structure of the top cover plate 310, the explosion-proof hole 311 is not actually visible because it is closed by the explosion-proof plate; however, due to the arrangement of the explosion-proof plate, the position of the explosion-proof hole 311 can still be determined.

[0040] It is understandable that the explosion-proof valve 320 can be an integral structure with the top cover plate 310, for example, the grooved or reduced thickness area can serve as the explosion-proof valve 320. Alternatively, the explosion-proof valve 320 and the top cover plate 310 can be separate structures, with the explosion-proof valve 320 welded to the explosion-proof hole 311 of the top cover plate 310. Further details will not be provided.

[0041] In an embodiment, the air guide groove 312 may be, for example, a channel recessed from the first surface 313 of the top cover plate 310, the number and shape of which are included in the channel will be described in the following description.

[0042] According to the single battery provided in the embodiments of this application, the air guide groove 312 may include a first groove 3121 disposed on the first surface 313. The first groove 3121 may communicate with the receiving cavity 110. The first groove 3121 may extend along the second direction Y to the explosion-proof hole 311 and communicate with the explosion-proof hole 311.

[0043] According to the single-cell battery provided in the embodiments of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 and Figure 7 The gas guide groove 312 may include a first groove 3121 extending along the width direction of the top cover plate 310. In an embodiment, the first groove 3121 may extend, for example, from the long side of the top cover plate 310 to the explosion-proof hole 311, thereby guiding the gas at the edge of the top cover plate 310 to the explosion-proof hole 311. As an example, the first groove 3121 may be provided on both sides of the explosion-proof hole 311 in the width direction, thereby enabling the gas at both long sides of the top cover plate 310 to be guided to the location of the explosion-proof hole 311.

[0044] In this embodiment, the area of ​​the top cover 310 is larger than the area of ​​the lower plastic 330. Therefore, the outer edge of the top cover 310 includes the outer edge of the lower plastic 330. The frame-shaped area of ​​the top cover 310 that extends beyond the outer edge of the lower plastic 330 can directly contact the gas transmitted from the electrode assembly 200 side. Therefore, this can be used to guide the gas generated by the electrode assembly 200 to the explosion-proof hole 311 via the first groove 3121.

[0045] According to the embodiments of this application, such as the single battery cell, Figure 7 As shown, as an example, multiple first slots 3121 can be provided. These first slots 3121 can be spaced apart along the first direction X. The number of such first slots 3121 can be, for example, two, three, four or even more. These first slots 3121 can all be provided on the same side of the explosion-proof hole 311 in the width direction and spaced apart along the length direction. Each first slot 3121 is connected to the receiving cavity 110 and the explosion-proof hole 311.

[0046] Based on the above example of the first slot 3121, as mentioned in the above description, the following additional configuration can be made: the plurality of first slots 3121 can be arranged on opposite sides of the explosion-proof hole 311 in the second direction Y, that is, at least one first slot 3121 is provided on each side of the explosion-proof hole 311 in the width direction. For example, one side can be provided with one first slot 3121, and the other side can be provided with multiple first slots 3121 (e.g., two, three, four or even more). Alternatively, multiple first slots 3121 (e.g., two, three, four or even more) can be provided on both sides, and the number of first slots 3121 on both sides can be the same or different.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first groove 3121 can be larger than half the size of the explosion-proof valve 320 in the width direction, that is, in the length direction, in order to increase the air guiding area. In this example, the explosion-proof valve 320 can also be provided with only one first groove 3121 on each side in the width direction.

[0048] According to the single-cell battery provided in the embodiments of this application, the arrangement of multiple first slots 3121 is beneficial to improving the air conduction volume, and at the same time, it can also avoid the situation where the air conduction fails due to accidental blockage of some first slots 3121. At the same time, the arrangement of first slots 3121 on both sides of the explosion-proof hole 311 in the width direction is also beneficial to promoting the air pressure balance on both sides of the explosion-proof hole 311 in the width direction.

[0049] According to the single battery provided in the embodiments of this application, the air guide groove 312 may further include a second groove 3122 and a connecting groove 3123 disposed on the first surface 313. The second groove 3122 may extend along the second direction Y and communicate with the receiving cavity 110. The second groove 3122 may be spaced apart from the explosion-proof hole 311 in the first direction X.

[0050] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the second groove 3122 is generally similar to that of the first groove 3121. Specifically, the end of the second groove 3122 can also be positioned on the long side of the top cover plate 310 to ensure airflow. In this embodiment, the two ends of the second groove 3122 can be respectively positioned corresponding to the two long sides of the top cover plate 310.

[0051] In an embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the connecting groove 3123 can connect the second groove 3122 and the explosion-proof hole 311, or in an example not shown, the connecting groove 3123 can connect the second groove 3122 and the first groove 3121.

[0052] According to the single battery provided in the embodiments of this application, the top cover 310 has a first edge 314 extending along a first direction X, and the lower plastic 330 has a second edge 332 extending along the first direction X; in the second direction Y, the second edge 332 is located between the first edge 314 and the explosion-proof valve 320.

[0053] In the embodiment, when the assembly structure of the top cover 310 and the lower plastic 330 is viewed along the height direction, the lower plastic 330 can also be, for example, a rectangular structure. As mentioned above, the first edge 314 can be, for example, the long side of the top cover 310, and the second edge 332 can be, for example, the long side of the lower plastic 330. The second edge 332 is located between the first edge 314 and the explosion-proof valve 320. This is intended to illustrate that the lower plastic 330 has a smaller width relative to the top cover 310, so that in the width direction, both sides of the top cover 310 can extend beyond the lower plastic 330, such that the long side of the top cover 310 is located outside the long side of the lower plastic 330 on the corresponding side.

[0054] In an embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the air guide groove 312 may also include a first side groove 3124 disposed on the first surface 313. The first side groove 3124 may extend along the first direction X. In the second direction Y, the first side groove 3124 may be located between the first edge 314 and the second edge 332. The first side groove 3124 may communicate with the receiving cavity 110. The first groove 3121 extends along the second direction Y to the first side groove 3124 and communicates with the first side groove 3124.

[0055] In this embodiment, since the first side groove 3124 is located in the area of ​​the top cover plate 310 that extends beyond the lower plastic 330, the first side groove 3124 can directly communicate with the space inside the receiving cavity 110 of the housing 100, thereby guiding gas from the electrode assembly 200 side. The communication between the first side groove 3124 and the first groove 3121 here is an example of the first groove 3121 being arranged corresponding to the long side of the top cover plate 310 as mentioned above.

[0056] According to the single-cell battery provided in the embodiments of this application, the top cover 310 may further have a third edge 315 extending along the second direction Y, and the lower plastic 330 may further have a fourth edge 333 extending along the second direction Y. In the first direction X, the fourth edge 333 is located between the second edge 332 and the explosion-proof valve 320.

[0057] Similar to the relative positional relationship of the two edges mentioned above, the third edge 315 corresponds to the wide edge of the top cover plate 310, and the fourth edge 333 corresponds to the wide edge of the lower plastic 330. This is to illustrate that the length of the lower plastic 330 is less than the length of the top cover plate 310. The two sides of the top cover plate 310 in the length direction can extend beyond the two sides of the lower plastic 330 in the length direction. Therefore, the second side grooves 3125 can be arranged on the two sides of the top cover plate 310 that extend beyond the lower plastic 330 to directly communicate with the space inside the receiving cavity 110 of the housing 100, thereby facilitating air passage.

[0058] In an embodiment, the air guide groove 312 may further include a second side groove 3125 disposed on the first surface 313. As described above, the second side groove 3125 may communicate with the receiving cavity 110. The second side groove 3125 may extend along the second direction Y to the first side groove 3124 and communicate with the first side groove 3124. In the first direction X, the second side groove 3125 is located between the third edge 315 and the fourth edge 333.

[0059] In this embodiment, the connection between the first side groove 3124 and the second side groove 3125 not only increases the air guiding area, but also avoids air guiding obstruction when the first side groove 3124 is accidentally blocked, which helps to increase the reliability of the air guiding groove 312.

[0060] According to the single battery provided in the embodiments of this application, the top cover 310 has a first edge 314 extending along a first direction X, and the lower plastic 330 has a second edge 332 extending along the first direction X; in the second direction Y, the second edge 332 is located between the first edge 314 and the explosion-proof valve 320; the first groove 3121 extends along the second direction Y beyond the second edge 332, so that the first groove 3121 can communicate with the receiving cavity 110.

[0061] As an example, in this instance not shown in the figures, the first groove 3121 may simply extend beyond the second edge 332 of the lower plastic 330, which is sufficient to communicate with the receiving cavity 110 to facilitate air passage. For this purpose, as an example, the first groove 3121 may extend indirectly to the long side of the top cover 310, or it may terminate between the long side of the top cover 310 and the long side of the lower plastic 330.

[0062] According to the embodiments of this application, such as the single battery cell, Figure 8 As shown, the top cover plate 310 also has a second surface 316 facing away from the first surface 313, and the top cover plate 310 is also provided with a protrusion 3161, which is provided on the second surface 316. When projected along the third direction Z on a plane perpendicular to the third direction Z, the projection area of ​​the protrusion 3161 at least partially falls into the projection area of ​​the groove edge of the air guide groove 312. In this way, the protrusion 3161 supplements the strength of the setting position of the air guide groove 312.

[0063] In the embodiment, the air guide groove 312 includes the first groove 3121, the second groove 3122 and the connecting groove 3123 as described above. As an example, the plane perpendicular to the third direction Z, that is, the height direction, can be the first surface 313 and the second surface 316. That is, a protrusion 3161 is provided on the back of at least one of the three grooves 3121, 3122 and the connecting groove 3123 to supplement the strength.

[0064] like Figure 8 As shown, in Figure 8 In the middle area of ​​the top cover plate 310, a raised strip-shaped structure is provided to correspond to... Figure 7 The four first slots 3121, or Figure 3 The two first slots 3121 in the middle. Figure 8 In addition, a frame-shaped protrusion extending around the top cover plate 310 is provided, corresponding to... Figure 7 The first side groove 3124 and the second side groove 3125 together form a frame-shaped side groove. Here, whether it is a convex strip structure or a frame-shaped protrusion, it can coincide with the projection of the area where the corresponding groove structure is located.

[0065] According to the single battery provided in the embodiments of this application, the top cover assembly 300 may further include a first terminal 340 and a second terminal 350 that are electrically connected to the electrode assembly 200. The first terminal 340 and the second terminal 350 are both disposed in the lower plastic 330 and the top cover sheet 310, and at least one of the first terminal 340 and the second terminal 350 is insulated from the top cover sheet 310. Here, the first terminal 340 and the second terminal 350 may be, for example, a first electrode post and a second electrode post, i.e., a positive electrode post and a negative electrode post.

[0066] In addition, in the embodiment, the top cover 310 is provided with a first liquid injection hole 317, and the lower plastic 330 is provided with a second liquid injection hole 334. The second liquid injection hole 334 connects the receiving cavity 110 and the first liquid injection hole 317; the first liquid injection hole 317 and the air guide groove 312 are spaced apart.

[0067] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a battery pack is provided. The battery pack may include a plurality of individual batteries as described above and also has the above-mentioned beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0068] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the scope of protection of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the innovative concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery, characterized in that, include: The housing (100) has a receiving cavity (110). Electrode assembly (200), the electrode assembly (200) is disposed in the receiving cavity (110); A top cover assembly (300) includes a top cover plate (310), an explosion-proof valve (320), and a lower plastic part (330). The top cover plate (310) is connected to the housing (100) and covers the receiving cavity (110). The top cover plate (310) is provided with an explosion-proof hole (311). The explosion-proof valve (320) is connected to the top cover plate (310) and covers the explosion-proof hole (311). The lower plastic part (330) is connected to the housing (100) and located on the side of the housing (100) facing the electrode assembly (200). The lower plastic part (330) is provided with an exhaust hole (331) that connects the receiving cavity (110) and the explosion-proof hole (311). The top cover (310) has a first surface (313), the lower plastic (330) is disposed on the first surface (313), the first surface (313) is provided with an air guide groove (312), the air guide groove (312) connects the receiving cavity (110) and the explosion-proof hole (311).

2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The individual battery has a first direction (X) and a second direction (Y) perpendicular to each other; the air guide groove (312) includes a first groove (3121) disposed on the first surface (313), the first groove (3121) is connected to the receiving cavity (110), and the first groove (3121) extends along the second direction (Y) to the explosion-proof hole (311) and is connected to the explosion-proof hole (311).

3. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first slot (3121) is provided in multiple manner, and the multiple first slots (3121) are spaced apart along the first direction (X), and each first slot (3121) is connected to the receiving cavity (110) and the explosion-proof hole (311); or / and The first groove (3121) is provided in multiple ways, and the explosion-proof hole (311) is provided with at least one first groove (3121) on each of the opposite sides in the second direction (Y).

4. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air guide groove (312) further includes a second groove (3122) and a connecting groove (3123) disposed on the first surface (313). The second groove (3122) extends along the second direction (Y) and communicates with the receiving cavity (110). The second groove (3122) is spaced apart from the explosion-proof hole (311) in the first direction (X). The connecting groove (3123) connects the second groove (3122) and the explosion-proof hole (311), or the connecting groove (3123) connects the second groove (3122) and the first groove (3121).

5. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top cover (310) has a first edge (314) extending along the first direction (X), and the lower plastic (330) has a second edge (332) extending along the first direction (X); in the second direction (Y), the second edge (332) is located between the first edge (314) and the explosion-proof valve (320); The air guide groove (312) further includes a first side groove (3124) disposed on the first surface (313). The first side groove (3124) extends along the first direction (X). In the second direction (Y), the first side groove (3124) is located between the first edge (314) and the second edge (332). The first side groove (3124) communicates with the receiving cavity (110). The first groove (3121) extends along the second direction (Y) to the first side groove (3124) and communicates with the first side groove (3124).

6. The single-cell battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top cover (310) also has a third edge (315) extending along the second direction (Y), and the lower plastic (330) also has a fourth edge (333) extending along the second direction (Y); in the first direction (X), the fourth edge (333) is located between the second edge (332) and the explosion-proof valve (320); The air guide groove (312) further includes a second side groove (3125) disposed on the first surface (313). The second side groove (3125) communicates with the receiving cavity (110). The second side groove (3125) extends along the second direction (Y) to the first side groove (3124) and communicates with the first side groove (3124). In the first direction (X), the second side groove (3125) is located between the third edge (315) and the fourth edge (333).

7. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top cover (310) has a first edge (314) extending along the first direction (X), and the lower plastic (330) has a second edge (332) extending along the first direction (X); in the second direction (Y), the second edge (332) is located between the first edge (314) and the explosion-proof valve (320); the first groove (3121) extends along the second direction (Y) beyond the second edge (332) so that the first groove (3121) can communicate with the receiving cavity (110).

8. The single-cell battery according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The single cell also has a third direction (Z), and the top cover (310) also has a second surface (316) facing away from the first surface (313). The top cover (310) also has a protrusion (3161) which is located on the second surface (316). When projected along the third direction (Z) onto a plane perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the projection area of ​​the protrusion (3161) falls at least partially into the projection area of ​​the edge of the air guide groove (312).

9. The single-cell battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top cover assembly (300) further includes a first terminal (340) and a second terminal (350) both electrically connected to the electrode assembly (200), the first terminal (340) and the second terminal (350) both passing through the lower plastic (330) and the top cover sheet (310), and at least one of the first terminal (340) and the second terminal (350) is insulated from the top cover sheet (310); The top cover (310) is provided with a first injection hole (317), and the lower plastic (330) is provided with a second injection hole (334). The second injection hole (334) connects the receiving cavity (110) and the first injection hole (317). The first injection hole (317) is spaced apart from the air guide groove (312).

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the single-cell battery as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images