A pre-buried sleeve type railway fastener

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of embedded sleeve type railway fasteners, including sleeper, rail and fastener body, the sleeper upper end is provided with inlay groove, the fastener body is located in inlay groove, and embedded sleeve is fixedly arranged in the embedded hole of inlay groove, embedded sleeve includes outer thread column one and top column, fixed hole is arranged in top column, outer thread column one has internal thread groove, spiral spike is fixed with embedded sleeve by passing through B type elastic strip and fastener body, the spiral spike includes fixed column and outer thread column two, the fixed column and outer thread column two are fixedly connected with corresponding fixed hole and internal thread groove respectively, several inner columns movable horizontally in top column are equipped with through spring part, the inner column is abutted with corresponding fixed column;The utility model can improve the connection reliability of embedded sleeve and spiral spike by structural improvement, simultaneously realize anti-loose, insulation and accurate control gauge, guarantee railway driving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway rail transit technology, and more specifically to a pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener. Background Technology

[0002] Fasteners are a core component of railway track transportation systems. They primarily secure the rail clips through the friction between the threaded contact surfaces of the helical spikes and the embedded sleeves, thereby fixing the rails in place. During train operation, the tracks are continuously subjected to vibrations. Under these conditions, the helical spikes are prone to loosening, leading to a decrease in the fastening force between the fasteners and the rails, which can seriously affect train safety. Therefore, the connection strength between the embedded sleeves and the helical spikes is a crucial factor determining the reliability of railway fasteners and the safety of train operation.

[0003] The prior art patent document CN208844366U discloses an anti-loosening pre-embedded sleeve for railway fasteners. This technology uses a smaller thread helix angle design to generate greater friction between the bolt and the thread of the pre-embedded sleeve after the bolt is screwed into it, thereby improving the anti-loosening effect to a certain extent and reducing bolt loosening caused by external impact and vibration. However, this utility model still has the following problems: it only improves the friction by optimizing the thread helix angle, without adding radial constraints or auxiliary fastening mechanisms to the structure. As a result, the overall connection strength between the pre-embedded sleeve and the spiral spike still cannot meet the requirements of high vibration and high load railway operation, and there are still safety hazards. Therefore, this utility model proposes a pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener, which can improve the connection reliability between the pre-embedded sleeve and the spiral spike through structural improvement, while achieving anti-loosening, insulation and precise track gauge control, thus ensuring railway traffic safety.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: An embedded sleeve type railway fastener includes a sleeper, a rail, and a fastener body. The sleeper has an inner groove at its upper end, and the fastener body is located in the inner groove. An embedded sleeve is fixedly installed in the embedded hole of the inner groove. The embedded sleeve includes an externally threaded post one and a top post. The top post has a fixing hole, and the externally threaded post one has an internally threaded groove. A spiral rail spike passes through a B-type spring strip and the fastener body and is fixed to the embedded sleeve. The spiral rail spike includes a fixing post and an externally threaded post two. The fixing post and the externally threaded post two are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding fixing hole and the internally threaded groove. The top post has several internal posts that can move horizontally through spring parts, and the internal posts abut against the corresponding fixing posts.

[0006] Furthermore, the fastener body includes, from bottom to top, a lower iron pad, an iron pad, and a rail pad.

[0007] Furthermore, the spiral rail spike also includes a positioning post fixed to the upper end of the fixing post, and the upper end of the positioning post is fixed with a bolt head.

[0008] Furthermore, the iron pad has a second through hole at the position corresponding to the spiral rail spike, and the second through hole matches the corresponding positioning post. The lower pad of the iron pad has a first through hole at the position corresponding to the spiral rail spike, and the positioning post passes through the second through hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the spring portion includes through holes evenly distributed circumferentially within the top post, and the number of through holes is two or more.

[0010] Furthermore, an inner post is provided in the through hole, and a sliding groove is provided in the through hole. A slider is fixedly provided at the position of the inner post corresponding to the position of the sliding groove. The slider is locked in the corresponding sliding groove and can move horizontally. A high-elastic spring is fixed between the side of the slider away from the fixed post and the sliding groove. A side hole is provided at the position of the sleeper corresponding to the position of the inner post.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner column has an inclined surface with an outer height and an inner bottom on the upper end face of the side near the fixed column, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is 30-45°.

[0012] Furthermore, a rubber ring is provided inside the second perforation, and the rubber ring abuts against the positioning post.

[0013] Furthermore, the rail pad is provided with insulating gauge blocks on both sides, the lower end of the insulating gauge block abuts against the rail, the iron pad is provided with a first groove, the insulating gauge block is provided with a second groove, and the two ends of the B-type elastic bar are respectively locked in the corresponding first groove and second groove.

[0014] Beneficial effects: This utility model sets an inner column with a slider and a high-elasticity spring inside the top column of the pre-embedded sleeve. After the spiral rail spike is assembled, the inner column can continuously radially press against the fixed column under the action of the high-elasticity spring. Combined with the threaded connection between the external threaded column and the internal threaded groove, a double fixing structure of "threaded connection + radial elastic constraint" is formed, which effectively makes up for the defects of insufficient connection strength in the existing technology, can resist the risk of loosening caused by high-frequency vibration of railway traffic, and ensure the stable fastening of the fastener to the rail. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention for removing spiral rail spikes and B-type elastic bars; Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1. Sleeper; 101. Embedded groove; 102. Pre-embedded hole; 103. Side hole; 2. External threaded post one; 201. Internal threaded groove; 3. Bolt head; 301. Positioning post; 302. Fixing post; 303. External threaded post two; 4. Top post; 401. Fixing hole; 402. Through hole; 403. Slide groove; 5. Insulated gauge block; 501. Slot two; 6. Iron pad; 601. Through hole two; 602. Slot one; 7. Inner post; 701. Inclined surface; 702. Sliding block; 8. Underplate of iron pad; 801. Through hole one; 9. Type B elastic bar; 10. Rubber ring; 11. Rail; 12. High-elasticity spring; 13. Rail underplate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown in this specific embodiment, a pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener includes a sleeper 1, a rail 11, and a fastener body. The upper end of the sleeper 1 is provided with an embedded groove 101, and the fastener body is located in the embedded groove 101. The fastener body includes, from bottom to top, a lower iron pad 8, an iron pad 6, and a rail pad 13. The rail pad 13 directly bears the weight of the rail 11 and absorbs part of the vibration energy through elastic deformation. The iron pad 6 transfers the load of the rail pad 13 to the lower iron pad 8, and the lower iron pad 8 further buffers the vibration, ultimately uniformly transferring the load to the sleeper 1, realizing "graded bearing and step-by-step buffering" to ensure the stability of the rail 11. A pre-embedded sleeve is fixedly installed in the pre-embedded hole 102 of the embedded groove 101. The spiral rail spike passes through the B-type elastic strip 9 and the fastener body and is fixed to the pre-embedded sleeve, which plays the role of fixing the rail 11.

[0019] The pre-embedded sleeve includes an externally threaded post 2 and a top post 4. The setting of the externally threaded post 2 makes it easier to fix the pre-embedded sleeve. The top post 4 has a fixing hole 401. The externally threaded post 2 has an internally threaded groove 201. The spiral rail spike includes a fixing post 302 and an externally threaded post 303, as well as a positioning post 301 fixed to the upper end of the fixing post 302. The upper end of the positioning post 301 is fixed with a bolt head 3. The fixing post 302 and the externally threaded post 303 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding fixing hole 401 and internally threaded groove 201. The threaded connection between the externally threaded post 303 and the internally threaded groove 201 realizes the fixing structure and plays the role of fixing the spiral rail spike.

[0020] The iron pad 6 has a second through hole 601 corresponding to the position of the spiral rail spike. The second through hole 601 matches the corresponding positioning post 301. The lower pad 8 of the iron pad has a first through hole 801 corresponding to the position of the spiral rail spike. The positioning post 301 passes through the second through hole 601. The second through hole 601 serves to position the spiral rail spike and prevent it from being screwed in and not fixed in place. A rubber ring 10 is provided inside the second through hole 601. The rubber ring 10 abuts against the positioning post 301. The rubber ring 10 is made of nitrile rubber. Nitrile rubber has excellent wear resistance, oil resistance and elasticity, ensuring that the rubber ring 10 is not easily aged and damaged after long-term friction with the positioning post 301. The setting of the rubber ring 10 can enhance the friction between the spiral rail spike and the second through hole 601, ensuring that the rubber ring 10 and the positioning post 301 of the spiral rail spike are tightly fitted, which plays a role in preventing loosening.

[0021] like Figures 3 to 4 As shown, the top column 4 is provided with several inner columns 7 that can move horizontally through spring parts. The inner columns 7 abut against the corresponding fixed columns 302. Under the action of the spring parts of the inner columns 7, they continuously radially press against the fixed columns 302. With the threaded connection between the external threaded column 303 and the internal threaded groove 201, a double fixing structure of "threaded connection + radial elastic constraint" is formed, which effectively makes up for the defects of insufficient connection strength in the existing technology, can resist the risk of loosening caused by high-frequency vibration of railway traffic, and ensure the stable fastening of the fastener to the rail 11.

[0022] The spring section includes two or more through holes 402 evenly distributed circumferentially within the top post 4. This even circumferential distribution of the through holes 402 ensures that the radial clamping force of the inner post 7 against the fixed post 302 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed post 302, preventing localized force concentration that could lead to deformation of the fixed post 302 or uneven wear of the inner post 7, thus extending the service life of the component. Simultaneously, it further improves the coaxiality of the spiral rail spike and the pre-embedded sleeve, enhancing connection stability. An inner post 7 is installed within each through hole 402, and a sliding groove 403 communicates within each through hole 402. A slider 702 is fixedly installed on the inner post 7 at a position corresponding to the sliding groove 403, and the slider 702 is engaged within the corresponding sliding groove 403 and can move horizontally. A high-elasticity spring 12 is fixed between the side of the slider 702 away from the fixed post 302 and the slide groove 403. The sleeper 1 has a side hole 103 corresponding to the position of the inner post 7. The elastic force of the high-elasticity spring 12 can push one side of the inner post 7 to make close contact with the fixed post 302, ensuring that after the spiral rail spike is assembled, the inner post 7 always applies continuous and stable radial pressure to the fixed post 302. Even if long-term vibration causes slight fatigue of the high-elasticity spring 12, it can still maintain effective clamping force, avoid loosening of the connection, and improve the long-term anti-loosening effect. After the spiral rail spike is assembled, the end of the inner post 7 away from the fixed post 302 will extend out a through hole 402 and be locked in the side hole 103 of the sleeper 1, further realizing the effective fixation of the pre-embedded sleeve.

[0023] The inner column 7 has an inclined surface 701 with an outer higher and inner lower surface on the upper end face of the side near the fixed column 302. The inclination angle of the inclined surface 701 is 30-45°. The setting of the inclined surface 701 allows the inner column 7 to be gradually pushed to move when the spiral rail nail is screwed in. The setting of the inclination angle of 30-45° ensures that the contact between the fixed column 302 and the inclined surface 701 of the inner column 7 is a smooth transition when the spiral rail nail is screwed in. This avoids jamming (difficulty in pushing the inner column 7) caused by an excessively large inclination angle or insufficient radial force of the inner column 7 on the fixed column 302 caused by an excessively small inclination angle, ensuring a smooth assembly process and forming an effective radial constraint.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, insulating gauge blocks 5 are provided on both sides of the rail pad 13. The lower end of the insulating gauge block 5 abuts against the rail 11. The insulating gauge blocks 5 on both sides of the rail pad 13 abut against the outer side of the rail 11. The rigid structure restricts the lateral displacement of the rail 11, accurately controls the gauge, and prevents the rail 11 from deviating during train operation. The insulating gauge blocks 5 are made of insulating material, which can effectively block stray currents in the railway system, prevent stray currents from causing electrochemical corrosion of track components, and reduce the damage to track equipment by current during lightning strikes, thereby improving the safety and durability of the track system. The iron pad 6 is provided with a first slot 602, and the insulating gauge block 5 is provided with a second slot 501. The two ends of the B-type elastic strip 9 are respectively locked in the corresponding first slot 602 and second slot 501. The fastener body adopts the structure of "iron pad 8 + iron pad 6 + The layered structure of the rail pad 13, combined with the design of the B-type elastic clip 9 being respectively clamped at both ends in the slot 602 of the iron pad 6 and the slot 501 of the insulating gauge block 5, applies continuous clamping pressure to the iron pad 6 and the insulating gauge block 5 through the elastic deformation of the elastic clip, indirectly fixing the rail 11 to the rail pad 13, preventing the rail 11 from moving longitudinally or laterally, further strengthening the fixing effect of the rail 11, forming a complete force transmission system, which can evenly transfer the load borne by the rail 11 to the sleeper 1, while absorbing some vibration energy, adapting to the harsh working conditions of high-frequency vibration of railways, and reducing component fatigue damage.

[0025] Working principle: This utility model solves the problem of insufficient connection strength in existing technologies through a composite structure of "threaded connection + radial elastic constraint + multi-component coordinated fixing", while achieving anti-loosening, gauge control and insulation functions. The specific working mechanism is as follows: The external threaded post 303 of the spiral rail spike is threadedly connected to the internal threaded groove 201 of the pre-embedded sleeve to form an initial fixing structure. The friction of the threaded contact surface initially resists the loosening tendency caused by vibration, providing basic support for the overall connection of the fastener.

[0026] The inner column 7, slider 702, and high-elasticity spring 12 within the top column 4 form a radial fastening assembly. When the spiral spike is screwed in, the lower end of the fixing column 302 contacts the inclined surface 701 of the inner column 7, pushing the inner column 7 to move outward along the slide groove 403 and compressing the high-elasticity spring 12. When the spiral spike is screwed until the lower end of the positioning column 301 abuts against the lower pad 8 of the iron pad, the elastic force of the high-elasticity spring 12 will push the inner column 7 to continuously press against the outer periphery of the fixing column 302. This structure forms a radial elastic constraint force, which on the one hand prevents the spiral spike from shaking radially and avoids the thread gap from widening due to vibration; on the other hand, the close contact between the inner column 7 and the fixing column 302 generates additional friction, which, combined with the thread friction, greatly improves the connection strength between the pre-embedded sleeve and the spiral spike, effectively resisting loosening caused by vehicle vibration.

[0027] By moving the inner column 7, the end of the inner column 7 away from the fixed column 302 extends to the outside of the through hole 402 and is locked in the side hole 103 of the sleeper 1, which can further fix the pre-embedded sleeve. Together with the threaded connection between the external threaded column 2 of the pre-embedded sleeve and the threaded connection of the sleeper 1, a double fixation is formed.

[0028] The rubber ring 10 inside the perforation 801 fits tightly against the outside of the positioning post 301. The elasticity of the rubber buffers the axial impact of vibration on the spiral rail spike. At the same time, the friction between the rubber and the metal prevents the spiral rail spike from loosening axially. The continuous tightening force of the radial fastening component and the frictional anti-loosening of the rubber ring 10 form a "radial + axial" double anti-loosening, avoiding the decrease in fastening pressure caused by long-term vibration.

[0029] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are within its protection scope. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within its protection scope.

Claims

1. A pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener, comprising a sleeper (1), a rail (11), and a fastener body, wherein the upper end of the sleeper (1) is provided with an embedded groove (101), and the fastener body is disposed within the embedded groove (101), characterized in that, An embedded sleeve is fixedly installed in the embedded hole (102) of the embedded groove (101). The embedded sleeve includes an external threaded post one (2) and a top post (4). The top post (4) is provided with a fixing hole (401). The external threaded post one (2) has an internal threaded groove (201). The spiral rail spike passes through the B-type spring strip (9) and the fastener body and is fixed to the embedded sleeve. The spiral rail spike includes a fixing post (302) and an external threaded post two (303). The fixing post (302) and the external threaded post two (303) are fixedly connected to the corresponding fixing hole (401) and the internal threaded groove (201) respectively. The top post (4) is provided with a plurality of internal posts (7) that can move horizontally through the spring part. The internal posts (7) abut against the corresponding fixing posts (302).

2. The pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastener body includes, from bottom to top, a lower iron pad (8), an iron pad (6), and a rail pad (13).

3. The pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spiral rail spike also includes a positioning post (301) fixed to the upper end of the fixing post (302), and the upper end of the positioning post (301) is fixed with a bolt head (3).

4. The pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener according to claim 3, characterized in that, The iron pad (6) has a second through hole (601) at the position corresponding to the spiral rail spike. The second through hole (601) matches the corresponding positioning post (301). The lower pad (8) of the iron pad has a first through hole (801) at the position corresponding to the spiral rail spike. The positioning post (301) passes through the second through hole (601).

5. A pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring part includes through holes (402) evenly distributed in the inner circumference of the top post (4), and the number of through holes (402) is two or more.

6. A pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener according to claim 5, characterized in that, An inner post (7) is provided in the through hole (402), and a sliding groove (403) is provided in the through hole (402). A slider (702) is fixedly provided in the inner post (7) corresponding to the position of the sliding groove (403). The slider (702) is locked in the corresponding sliding groove (403) and can move horizontally. A high-elastic spring (12) is fixed between the side of the slider (702) away from the fixed post (302) and the sliding groove (403). A side hole (103) is provided in the sleeper (1) corresponding to the position of the inner post (7).

7. A pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner column (7) has an inclined surface (701) with an outer height and an inner bottom on the upper end face of the side near the fixed column (302), and the inclination angle of the inclined surface (701) is 30-45°.

8. A pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener according to claim 4, characterized in that, A rubber ring (10) is provided inside the second perforation (601), and the rubber ring (10) abuts against the positioning post (301).

9. A pre-embedded sleeve type railway fastener according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rail pad (13) is provided with insulating gauge blocks (5) on both sides. The lower end of the insulating gauge block (5) abuts against the rail (11). The iron pad (6) is provided with a first slot (602). The insulating gauge block (5) is provided with a second slot (501). The two ends of the B-type elastic bar (9) are respectively locked in the corresponding first slot (602) and second slot (501).

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