Constant resistance energy-absorbing hydraulic column structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to coal mine roadway anti -impact support technical field provides a constant resistance energy -absorbing anti -impact hydraulic column structure, including hydraulic column body and setting in the piston rod of hydraulic column body, its characterized in be provided with fixed cylinder, the fixed cylinder with the outer cylinder cylinder bottom or piston rod top fixed connection of hydraulic column body, the fixed cylinder outside wall sleeve joint guide cylinder body, the fixed cylinder and guide cylinder body between sliding limit connection, the fixed cylinder lower mouth sets up second slope, and the second slope is inside setting and can contract the column, the outside wall of can contract the column sets up first slope, and first slope and second slope contact, the utility model passes through the contraction radial axial elongation of the column of the anti -impact cylinder body that installs in the hydraulic column body top or bottom end and produces constant resistance force to carry out the buffer, realizes energy -absorbing buffer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of anti-scour support technology for coal mine roadways, specifically to a constant resistance energy-absorbing anti-scour hydraulic column structure. Background Technology

[0002] As coal mining depths continue to increase, the pressure on the surrounding rock in roadways also increases, and dynamic disasters such as rockbursts become more and more prominent. When a rockburst occurs, a large amount of elastic energy accumulated in the rock mass is released instantly, causing violent vibrations in the goaf and the surrounding rock of the roadway, resulting in roadway floor heave, spalling and roof collapse, and even sudden instability and failure of the overall structure of the surrounding rock. This causes the roadway or working face support to be subjected to huge impact loads instantly, leading to deformation, damage or complete collapse of the support.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, most mines currently employ various types of hydraulic supports, such as stacked hydraulic supports, unitized hydraulic supports, and gantry hydraulic supports, to strengthen roadway support and reduce the occurrence of rockburst accidents. A common feature of these supports is that all hydraulic columns use hydraulic safety valves for overload protection. When the roadway pressure exceeds the maximum allowable working resistance of the hydraulic column (i.e., the safety valve opening pressure), the hydraulic safety valve opens to unload the load, thus protecting the hydraulic column and its structural components.

[0004] Since the impact pressure occurs instantaneously, while the hydraulic safety valve requires a certain reaction time to open and release pressure, and the hydraulic support structure is rigid except for the hydraulic column, when the hydraulic support is subjected to instantaneous impact force, the hydraulic column safety valve may not open in time, causing damage to the hydraulic support structure and damage such as cylinder expansion, bending, and breakage of the hydraulic column. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a constant resistance energy absorption and anti-impact hydraulic column structure, including a hydraulic column body and a piston rod disposed in the hydraulic column body, and also including a fixed cylinder. The fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder of the hydraulic column body or the top of the piston rod. The outer wall of the fixed cylinder is sleeved with a guide cylinder body, and the fixed cylinder and the guide cylinder body are slidably limited connected.

[0006] The lower opening of the fixed cylinder is provided with a second inclined surface, and a retractable column is provided inside the second inclined surface. The outer wall of the retractable column is provided with a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface is in contact with the second inclined surface.

[0007] Further configuration includes a fixed cylinder and a variable diameter chamfering cylinder, wherein the second inclined surface is located at one end of the variable diameter chamfering cylinder, and the inner side of the second inclined surface contacts the first inclined surface located on the outer wall of the retractable column.

[0008] Further configured such that the axial resistance of the retractable column shrinking under axial force is greater than the maximum working resistance of the hydraulic column.

[0009] Further configured, the fixed cylinder is hollow, the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder is smaller than the maximum diameter of the retractable column, and the guide cylinder is hollow.

[0010] A further configuration is that the fixed cylinder has a groove on its side wall, and the guide cylinder body has a limiting hole and a limiting pin, with the limiting pin slidably installed in the groove.

[0011] Further configured, the fixed cylinder, the variable diameter chamfered cylinder, the guide cylinder and the retractable column are arranged coaxially.

[0012] Further configured, several grooves are evenly and symmetrically opened along the outer periphery of the fixed cylinder, and several pin holes and limit pins on the corresponding guide cylinder body are provided with corresponding grooves.

[0013] Further configured, it includes a hydraulic column body, the hydraulic column body is provided with an outer cylinder, a piston rod is movably arranged inside the outer cylinder, and a hydraulic safety valve is provided on the outer cylinder.

[0014] Further configured, one end of the hydraulic column body is provided with a top seat connector or a base connector, and the end of the guide cylinder is provided with a base connector or a top seat connector.

[0015] The beneficial effects of one or more of the above technical solutions:

[0016] This invention uses an anti-impact cylinder installed at the top or bottom of the hydraulic column body for buffering. When subjected to impact force, the anti-impact cylinder body contracts axially along the hydraulic column body. The inclined surface of the retractable column inside the anti-impact cylinder body rubs against the inclined surface of the fixed cylinder (or variable diameter chamfered cylinder) inside the guide cylinder body. Under the constraint of the fixed cylinder (or variable diameter chamfered cylinder), the retractable column undergoes radial contraction and axial elongation deformation to absorb impact energy. At the same time, after being squeezed and deformed, the retractable column is retracted into the fixed cylinder (or variable diameter chamfered cylinder). At this time, the resistance of the anti-impact cylinder body to overcome the impact force is relatively constant, so as to avoid the hydraulic safety valve not being able to open in time when the hydraulic support is subjected to impact force, which would cause damage to the hydraulic column body and other structural components of the support. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed cylinder with the variable diameter chamfered bevel at the piston rod end in Embodiment 1 of this utility model patent;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 BB section view in the middle;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed cylinder and the variable diameter chamfered cylinder arranged and combined at the piston rod end in Embodiment 2 of this utility model patent;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view of AA;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed cylinder with the chamfered bevel at the bottom of the outer cylinder in Embodiment 3 of this utility model patent;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 DD section view in the middle;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed cylinder and the variable diameter chamfered cylinder arranged and combined at the bottom of the outer cylinder in Embodiment 4 of this utility model patent;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 CC section view in the image.

[0026] In the diagram, 1. Hydraulic column body; 1-1. Piston rod; 1-2. Outer cylinder; 1-3. Hydraulic safety valve; 1-4. Outer cylinder rod;

[0027] 2. Anti-impact cylinder body; 2-1. Fixed cylinder; 2-2. Variable diameter chamfered cylinder; 2-3. Retractable column; 2-1-1. Groove; 2-1-2. Pin hole; 2-1-3. First inclined surface; 2-1-4. Second inclined surface;

[0028] 3. Guide cylinder; 4. Top seat connector; 5. Base connector; 6. Limit pin. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing and anti-impact structure is in the form of "fixed cylinder with variable diameter chamfered slope at the piston rod end". Specifically, the fixed cylinder is installed at the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic column. The fixed cylinder has a fixed chamfered slope on the inner side of the upper opening. Compared with the combination of fixed cylinder and variable diameter chamfered cylinder, its length is smaller, which is beneficial to increase the stroke of the column and reduce the minimum height of the bracket. After the retractable column is retracted under the action of impact force, only the retractable column needs to be replaced.

[0031] Specifically, a constant resistance energy absorption and anti-impact hydraulic column structure includes a hydraulic column body 1 and a fixed cylinder 2-1 disposed on the piston rod 1-1 of the hydraulic column body. The fixed cylinder 2-1 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston rod 1-1 of the hydraulic column body 1. A guide cylinder 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 2-1. The fixed cylinder 2-1 and the guide cylinder 3 are slidably limited.

[0032] A second inclined surface 2-1-4 is provided on the inner side wall of the lower opening of the fixed cylinder 2-1. A retractable column 2-3 is provided inside the second inclined surface 2-1-4, and a first inclined surface 2-1-3 is provided on the outer side wall of the retractable column 2-3. The first inclined surface 2-1-3 contacts the second inclined surface 2-1-4. This structure, through the frictional engagement between the first inclined surface 2-1-3 and the second inclined surface 2-1-4 (with a variable diameter chamfer) on the retractable column 2-3, forces the retractable column 2-3 to undergo radial contraction and axial elongation plastic deformation at the moment of impact, converting the axial impact kinetic energy into frictional heat energy and deformation energy, thus achieving dynamic energy absorption. At the same time, the inclined surface contact design keeps the resistance relatively constant during deformation. The axial resistance of the retractable column under the action of impact force is greater than the maximum working resistance of the hydraulic column, ensuring that the overload relief protection of the hydraulic support will not malfunction in non-impact states.

[0033] The fixed cylinder 2-1 is hollow, providing expansion space for the radial deformation and axial elongation of the retractable column 2-3. The minimum inner diameter of the fixed cylinder 2-1 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the retractable column 2-3, ensuring that the retractable column 2-3, when axially compressed, contacts the second inclined surface 2-1-4 (variable diameter chamfer) to generate constant resistance and is forced to radially contract and axially elongate into the fixed cylinder, avoiding direct impact of the impact force on the hydraulic support; the guide cylinder 3 is hollow, allowing the fixed cylinder 2-1 to slide in the guide cylinder 3.

[0034] The fixed cylinder 2-1 has a groove 2-1-1 on its side wall. The guide cylinder 3 is provided with a limiting hole and a limiting pin 6. The limiting pin 6 is slidably installed in the groove 2-1-1 to realize the axial sliding limit between the guide cylinder 3 and the fixed cylinder 2-1. This allows the anti-impact cylinder 2 to slide along the hydraulic column axially in the guide cylinder 3, while ensuring that the minimum length of the fixed cylinder in the guide cylinder meets the requirements of the column to resist lateral loads, thus ensuring structural reliability. The axial resistance of the retractable column 2-3 under the action of axial force is greater than the maximum working resistance of the hydraulic column body 1, so as to ensure that the overload pressure relief protection of the hydraulic support will not malfunction in the non-impact state.

[0035] The fixed cylinder 2-1, the guide cylinder 3, and the retractable column 2-3 are arranged on the same axis to avoid bending moment damage to the hydraulic column caused by eccentric load.

[0036] Several grooves 2-1-1 are evenly opened along the outer periphery of the fixed cylinder 2-1, and several limit pins 6 are set corresponding to the grooves 2-1-1. The multiple circumferentially evenly distributed grooves 2-1-1 and limit pins 6 form a multi-directional constraint system to ensure that the fixed cylinder 2-1 slides smoothly and controllably within the guide cylinder 3.

[0037] The hydraulic column body 1 is equipped with an outer cylinder 1-2, and a piston rod 1-1 is movably installed inside the outer cylinder 1-2. The outer cylinder 1-2 is equipped with a hydraulic safety valve 1-3. The anti-impact cylinder 2 is integrated at the end of the hydraulic column body 1. When the impact force is greater than the maximum working resistance of the hydraulic column, the anti-impact cylinder 2 absorbs the transient impact energy and compensates for the problem that the hydraulic safety valve 1-3 cannot open in time.

[0038] One end of the hydraulic column body 1 is provided with a top seat connector 4 or a base connector 5, and the end of the guide cylinder is provided with a base connector 5 or a top seat connector 4. The top seat connector and the base connector 5 are used to connect the anti-impact hydraulic column to the top beam and base of the hydraulic support, respectively.

[0039] When subjected to impact, the anti-impact cylinder 2 slides along the axial direction of the hydraulic column body 1 within the guide cylinder 3. The first inclined surface 2-1-3 on the retractable column 2-3 inside the anti-impact cylinder 2 rubs against the second inclined surface 2-1-4 on the fixed cylinder 2-1. Under the constraint of the fixed cylinder 2-1, the retractable column 2-3 undergoes radial contraction and axial elongation deformation to absorb impact energy. At the same time, the retractable column 2-3 is squeezed and undergoes radial contraction and axial elongation to enter the fixed cylinder 2-1. At this time, the resistance generated by the impact force is relatively constant to avoid the hydraulic safety valve not opening in time when the hydraulic support is subjected to impact force, which would cause damage to the hydraulic column and other structural components of the support.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing anti-impact structure is presented as a combination of a fixed cylinder and a variable-diameter chamfered cylinder at the piston rod end. Specifically, the anti-impact cylinder body is located at the end of the hydraulic column piston rod 1-1, and consists of a fixed cylinder, a variable-diameter chamfered cylinder, a retractable column, and a guide cylinder body. The variable-diameter chamfered surface is located at one end of the variable-diameter chamfered cylinder. This scheme replaces the fixed cylinder with a variable-diameter chamfered surface in Case 1 with a combination of a fixed cylinder and a variable-diameter chamfered cylinder with a variable-diameter chamfered surface, thus possessing all the functions of the fixed cylinder in Case 1. Yes, in this design, the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder is greater than or equal to the minimum inner diameter of the variable-diameter chamfering cylinder. After the retractable column is subjected to force and enters the fixed cylinder through the variable-diameter chamfering cylinder, the retractable column and the variable-diameter chamfering cylinder are easily pressed together and bonded together. Since the outer diameter of the retractable column, i.e. the minimum inner diameter of the variable-diameter chamfering cylinder, is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder, when the impact force causes the telescopic column to radially contract and axially extend into the fixed cylinder, the retractable column and the fixed cylinder will not be pressed together. At this time, the variable-diameter chamfering cylinder and the retractable column that are pressed together can be removed and replaced.

[0042] Specifically, a constant resistance energy absorption and anti-impact hydraulic column structure includes a hydraulic column body 1 and a fixed cylinder 2-1 disposed on the piston rod 1-1 of the hydraulic column body. The fixed cylinder 2-1 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston rod 1-1 of the hydraulic column body 1. A guide cylinder 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 2-1. The fixed cylinder 2-1 and the guide cylinder 3 are slidably limited.

[0043] A detachable variable diameter chamfering cylinder 2-2 is installed at the end of the fixed cylinder 2-1. A retractable column 2-3 is provided inside the guide cylinder body 3 and in contrast to the variable diameter chamfering cylinder 2-2. A second inclined surface 2-1-4 is provided at one end of the variable diameter chamfering cylinder 2-2. The inner side of the second inclined surface 2-1-4 contacts the first inclined surface 2-1-3 provided on the outer wall of the retractable column 2-3.

[0044] Example 3;

[0045] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing and anti-impact structure is in the form of "fixed cylinder with variable diameter chamfered slope at the bottom of outer cylinder". Specifically, the fixed cylinder is installed at the bottom of the outer cylinder of the hydraulic column. The inner side of the lower opening of the fixed cylinder is provided with a variable diameter chamfered slope. Compared with the combination of fixed cylinder and variable diameter chamfered cylinder, its length is smaller, which is conducive to increasing the stroke of the column and reducing the minimum height of the bracket. After the retractable column is retracted under the action of impact force, only the retractable column needs to be replaced.

[0046] Specifically, a constant resistance energy absorption and anti-impact hydraulic column structure is provided, including a hydraulic column body 1 and an outer cylinder 1-2 disposed on the hydraulic column body, and a fixed cylinder 2-1. The fixed cylinder 2-1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 1-2 of the hydraulic column body 1. A guide cylinder 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 2-1. The fixed cylinder 2-1 and the guide cylinder 3 are slidably limited connected.

[0047] The inner side wall of the lower opening of the fixed cylinder 2-1 is provided with a second inclined surface 2-1-4, and the outer side wall of the retractable column 2-3 is provided with a first inclined surface 2-1-3, and the first inclined surface 2-1-3 is in contact with the second inclined surface 2-1-4.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing and anti-impact structure is presented as a combination of a fixed cylinder and a variable-diameter chamfered cylinder at the bottom of the outer cylinder. Specifically, the anti-impact cylinder body is located at the bottom of the outer cylinder 1-2 and consists of a fixed cylinder, a variable-diameter chamfered cylinder, a retractable column, and a guide cylinder body. The variable-diameter chamfered bevel is located at one end of the variable-diameter chamfered cylinder. This solution replaces the fixed cylinder with a variable-diameter chamfered bevel in Case 1 with a combination of a fixed cylinder and a variable-diameter chamfered cylinder with a variable-diameter chamfered bevel, thus possessing all the functions of the fixed cylinder in Case 1 and Case 3. In this design, the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder is greater than or equal to the minimum inner diameter of the variable-diameter chamfering cylinder. After the retractable column is subjected to force and enters the fixed cylinder through the variable-diameter chamfering cylinder, the retractable column and the variable-diameter chamfering cylinder are easily pressed together and bonded together. Since the outer diameter of the retractable column, i.e. the minimum inner diameter of the variable-diameter chamfering cylinder, is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder, when the impact force causes the telescopic column to retract radially and extend axially into the fixed cylinder, the retractable column and the fixed cylinder will not be pressed together. At this time, the variable-diameter chamfering cylinder and the retractable column that are pressed together can be removed and replaced.

[0050] Specifically, a constant resistance energy absorption and anti-impact hydraulic column structure includes a hydraulic column body 1 and an outer cylinder 1-2 disposed on the hydraulic column body, and also includes a fixed cylinder 2-1. The fixed cylinder 2-1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 1-2 of the hydraulic column body 1. A guide cylinder 3 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the fixed cylinder 2-1. The fixed cylinder 2-1 and the guide cylinder 3 are slidably limited connected.

[0051] A detachable variable diameter chamfering cylinder 2-2 is installed at the end of the fixed cylinder 2-1. A retractable column 2-3 is provided inside the guide cylinder body 3 and in contrast to the variable diameter chamfering cylinder 2-2. A second inclined surface 2-1-4 is provided at one end of the variable diameter chamfering cylinder 2-2. The inner side of the second inclined surface 2-1-4 contacts the first inclined surface 2-1-3 provided on the outer wall of the retractable column 2-3.

[0052] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A constant-resistance energy-absorbing and anti-impact hydraulic column structure, comprising a hydraulic column body and a piston rod disposed in the hydraulic column body, characterized in that, It also includes a fixed cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder or the top of the piston rod of the hydraulic column body. The outer wall of the fixed cylinder is sleeved with a guide cylinder body, and the fixed cylinder and the guide cylinder body are slidably limited connected. The lower opening of the fixed cylinder is provided with a second inclined surface, and a retractable column is provided inside the second inclined surface. The outer wall of the retractable column is provided with a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface is in contact with the second inclined surface.

2. The constant resistance energy absorption and anti-impact hydraulic column structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fixed cylinder and a variable diameter chamfering cylinder, wherein the second inclined surface is provided at one end of the variable diameter chamfering cylinder, and the inner side of the second inclined surface contacts the first inclined surface provided on the outer wall of the retractable column.

3. A constant resistance energy-absorbing and impact-resistant hydraulic column structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The axial resistance of a retractable column shrinking under axial force is greater than the maximum working resistance of a hydraulic column.

4. A constant resistance energy-absorbing and anti-impact hydraulic column structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fixed cylinder is hollow, and its inner diameter is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the retractable column. The guide cylinder is also hollow.

5. A constant resistance energy-absorbing and anti-impact hydraulic column structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fixed cylinder has a groove on its side wall, and the guide cylinder body is provided with a limiting hole and a limiting pin, with the limiting pin slidably installed in the groove.

6. A constant resistance energy-absorbing and anti-impact hydraulic column structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fixed cylinder, the variable diameter chamfered cylinder, the guide cylinder, and the retractable column are arranged coaxially.

7. The constant resistance energy absorption and anti-impact hydraulic column structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Several grooves are evenly and symmetrically opened along the outer periphery of the fixed cylinder, and several corresponding pin holes and limit pins are set on the guide cylinder body to correspond to the grooves.

8. A constant resistance energy-absorbing and anti-impact hydraulic column structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic column body is equipped with an outer cylinder, and a piston rod is movably installed inside the outer cylinder. A hydraulic safety valve is installed on the outer cylinder.

9. A constant resistance energy-absorbing and anti-impact hydraulic column structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One end of the hydraulic column body is provided with a top seat connector or a base connector, and the end of the guide cylinder is provided with a base connector or a top seat connector.

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