Bidirectional and horizontal action hydraulic capstan test device and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional and horizontal action hydraulic capstan test device and method, and belongs to the technical field of test bench testing and test equipment. The device comprises a supporting seat, a hydraulic capstan and a load oil cylinder, the load oil cylinder adopts a unique structure that a piston rod is fixed and a cylinder body can move bidirectionally, and two ends of the cylinder body are connected with the hydraulic capstan winding drum through two steel wire ropes with opposite winding directions. The core is a set of hydraulic loop integrating an electric proportional overflow valve and four one-way valves: when a cylinder body is pulled, oil in a pressed cavity needs to return through the electric proportional overflow valve, and the simulation load force can be accurately controlled by setting the pressure of the valve through an electric signal; meanwhile, the loop can automatically supplement oil to the negative pressure cavity, vacuum is prevented, and stable load is ensured. The problem that in the prior art, a variable load cannot be provided for a bidirectional and horizontal acting hydraulic capstan is solved, precise and stable simulation of a single oil cylinder on a bidirectional load is achieved, and the hydraulic capstan load simulation device has the advantages of being compact in structure, precise in control, safe and reliable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of test bench testing and test equipment, in particular to a bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch testing device and testing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Test devices are one of the important equipment in the modern product development process, which can detect the function and performance of products during the manufacturing process or before the finished products are shipped, and are of great significance to ensure product quality and improve production efficiency.

[0003] In the prior art, there are various disclosed schemes for testing devices of hydraulic winches. For example, a Chinese invention patent with the patent number CN102865960A discloses a clamp-type hydraulic winch testing device and method, which has the characteristics of allowing the winch product to be installed once to simultaneously test the traction force and braking force, using the original drum of the tested product, and occupying a small space. The scheme drives the clamp ring by a hydraulic cylinder to pressurize the winch drum or apply a reverse torque to determine whether the traction force and braking force reach the design value. A Chinese invention patent with the patent number CN111829779B discloses a hydraulic winch testing test bench, which adopts the form of the same type of winch pulling in opposite directions, and comprehensively uses mechanical, electrical and hydraulic technologies to complete multiple performance tests and can collect various parameters in real time, providing a basis for the debugging and testing of hydraulic winches. In addition, a Chinese utility model patent with the patent number CN202141587U discloses an intelligent comprehensive test bench for winches, which integrates a mechanical test assembly and a hydraulic test assembly in one test bench, and can perform tests on various performances such as dynamic load, static load and durability, aiming to improve production efficiency and save costs.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned prior art and the conventional testing method of general hydraulic winches mainly apply to vertical hoisting operations, i.e., the change of load is realized by changing the weight of the hoisted load. However, for a bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch whose output force direction is horizontal and which can output pulling force in both directions, two groups of steel wire ropes are wound on the drum and connected with a rotating device (see Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). When the hydraulic winch rotates clockwise (from the top view), the steel wire rope 2 outputs pulling force, and the steel wire rope 1 naturally unwinds; when the hydraulic winch rotates counterclockwise (from the top view), the steel wire rope 1 outputs pulling force, and the steel wire rope 2 naturally unwinds.

[0005] Obviously, the conventional hydraulic winch testing method and device focusing on vertical hoisting or unidirectional loading cannot effectively simulate the actual working conditions of such bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winches, and it is difficult to apply bidirectional and horizontal variable loads. Therefore, it is urgent to design a special testing device to meet the testing and verification requirements of this specific type of hydraulic winch. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a test device and method specially used for bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch to solve the problem that the prior art cannot simulate the horizontal bidirectional load.

[0007] The technical scheme of the present application is a bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch test device, which comprises a support seat, a bidirectional load oil cylinder horizontally arranged on the support seat, a piston rod of the bidirectional load oil cylinder being fixedly connected with the support seat, and a cylinder body of the bidirectional load oil cylinder being bidirectionally movable along the horizontal direction, and a hydraulic winch being arranged in parallel with the bidirectional load oil cylinder along the horizontal direction. The cylinder body of the bidirectional load oil cylinder is connected with a drum of the hydraulic winch through a first steel wire rope and a second steel wire rope at both ends, respectively, wherein the first steel wire rope is wound along the clockwise direction of the drum of the hydraulic winch, and the second steel wire rope is wound along the counterclockwise direction. The bidirectional load oil cylinder comprises an A cavity and a B cavity and is connected with a hydraulic circuit, the hydraulic circuit is provided with an electric proportional overflow valve, and the hydraulic circuit is configured such that when the cylinder body moves in any direction, the oil in the current pressure cavity must return through the electric proportional overflow valve, so that the pressure of the pressure cavity is limited to the set pressure of the electric proportional overflow valve, thereby generating a simulated load force corresponding to the set pressure, and the hydraulic circuit is further provided with an oil supplement port for automatically supplementing oil to the negative pressure cavity of the bidirectional load oil cylinder to maintain stable system pressure.

[0008] Further, annular grooves for accommodating the end portions of the steel wire ropes are formed in the circumferential direction of the two side walls of the drum of the hydraulic winch, and cylindrical mounting heads are further arranged at the end portions of the first steel wire rope and the second steel wire rope. The mounting heads of the two steel wire ropes are arranged in the annular grooves at both ends of the drum, the first steel wire rope is wound clockwise from one end of the drum, and the second steel wire rope is wound counterclockwise from the other end of the drum, so that when the drum rotates, one steel wire rope is tightened and outputs a pulling force, and the other steel wire rope is simultaneously released, and the two steel wire ropes do not interfere with each other in the process of winding and unwinding, and provide stable bidirectional pre-tightening force for the cylinder body of the bidirectional load oil cylinder.

[0009] Further, the hydraulic circuit comprises a one-way valve I, a one-way valve II, a one-way valve III and a one-way valve IV, and an electric proportional overflow valve, an oil outlet of the electric proportional overflow valve is connected to a system oil return path T2, and oil inlets of the one-way valve II and the one-way valve III are commonly connected to a system oil supply path P2.

[0010] Further, the A cavity of the bidirectional load oil cylinder is in fluid communication with the oil inlets of the one-way valve I and the one-way valve II at the same time. The B cavity of the bidirectional load oil cylinder is in fluid communication with the oil inlets of the one-way valve IV and the one-way valve III at the same time. The oil outlet of the one-way valve I and the oil outlet of the one-way valve IV are connected to the oil inlet of the electric proportional overflow valve; The oil inlet of the one-way valve II and the oil inlet of the one-way valve III are connected to the system oil supply path P2.

[0011] Further, the one-way valve I and the one-way valve IV are configured to allow the oil to flow from the A cavity and the B cavity of the load cylinder to the electric proportional overflow valve; the one-way valve II and the one-way valve III are configured to allow the oil to flow from the system oil supply path P2 to the A cavity and the B cavity of the load cylinder.

[0012] Further, the load cylinder is provided with a first hinge point and a second hinge point at both ends of the cylinder body, and the ends of the first steel wire rope and the second steel wire rope are connected to the first hinge point and the second hinge point respectively to form a stable horizontal force transmission structure.

[0013] Further, the hydraulic winch is configured with an independent hydraulic drive system which supplies and returns oil to the hydraulic winch through the oil supply path P1 and the oil return path T1, and is provided with a reversing control valve to change the rotation direction of the drum.

[0014] Further, the support seat is a rigid frame structure, and a horizontal mounting plane is arranged at the top of the support seat, and the piston rod of the load cylinder and the hydraulic winch are fixed to the mounting plane.

[0015] A method for testing a hydraulic winch, comprising the following steps, Step S1: load simulation, a target pressure value corresponding to the load to be simulated is set through the electric proportional overflow valve; Step S2: start the hydraulic winch to rotate the drum clockwise or counterclockwise; Step S3: when the drum rotates, the tightened steel wire rope pulls the cylinder body of the load cylinder to move, forcing the oil in the corresponding working cavity of the load cylinder to flow through the electric proportional overflow valve, thereby generating a stable simulated load on the steel wire rope corresponding to the target pressure value; Step S4: while loading, automatically supplement the oil to the other working cavity of the load cylinder through the oil supplement port to prevent vacuum and maintain stable system pressure, and the oil supplement port is the system oil supply path P2; Step S5: by changing the rotation direction of the hydraulic winch, the tightened steel wire rope is switched, so that steps S3 and S4 are repeated in the other direction to realize bidirectional load test.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1.The application realizes accurate simulation of specific working conditions, and creatively adopts a bidirectional load cylinder with a fixed piston rod and a movable cylinder body, which perfectly matches the output characteristics of a bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch. Through a single device, bidirectional and horizontal variable load can be applied, effectively solving the technical problems that the existing vertical lifting load or one-way loading test method cannot meet the test requirements of such special winches.

[0017] 2.The application uses an electric proportional relief valve 7 as the core control element, and can steplessly and accurately set the load force by changing the electric signal. The electric control and continuous adjustment of the load force are realized, avoiding the complexity and discontinuity of replacing weights and other mechanical loading. The control precision is high, the dynamic response is fast, and the test efficiency and precision are greatly improved.

[0018] 3.The application adopts a load cylinder and a hydraulic bridge circuit composed of four one-way valves, which realizes bidirectional loading and automatic oil supplementing. Compared with the scheme requiring two independent loading systems, the application has a simplified and compact structure, reduces the manufacturing cost, and saves the installation space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the application scene of a bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch Figure 1 ; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the application scene of a bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch Figure 2 ; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic principle of the test device of a bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the test device The drawings show that: 1-hydraulic winch; 2-first steel wire rope; 3-load cylinder body; 4-piston rod; 5-one-way valve I; 6-one-way valve II; 7-electric proportional relief valve; 8-one-way valve III; 9-one-way valve IV; 10-second steel wire rope; 11-supporting seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The application will be further described below in connection with the drawings and specific embodiments, but should not be understood as limiting the scope of the subject matter described herein to the following examples, and any modifications, replacements and changes made according to ordinary technical knowledge and conventional means in the art without departing from the technical ideas of the application should be included in the scope of the application.

[0022] Referring to Figure 4 A bidirectional, horizontal action hydraulic winch test device, the core of which is to accurately reproduce the bidirectional horizontal load suffered by the hydraulic winch in actual work by using a unique load simulation system. The device mainly comprises a support base 11, a load cylinder 3, a hydraulic winch 1 and an integrated hydraulic circuit.

[0023] The support base 11 is a rigid foundation, and a horizontal mounting plane is arranged on the top of the support base 11. The load cylinder 3 is horizontally mounted on the plane, and the piston rod 4 of the load cylinder 3 is fixedly connected with the support base 11, while the cylinder body 3 can freely move in the horizontal direction. First and second hinge points c and d are arranged at the two ends of the cylinder body 3. The hydraulic winch 1 is arranged in parallel with the horizontal direction of the load cylinder 3. One end of a first steel wire rope 2 is connected to the first hinge point c and wound on the drum of the hydraulic winch 1 in a clockwise direction. One end of a second steel wire rope 10 is connected to the second hinge point d and wound on the drum in an anticlockwise direction. The two steel wire ropes are independently wound and do not interfere with each other.

[0024] The A cavity and the B cavity of the load cylinder 3 are connected with a hydraulic bridge circuit comprising four one-way valves and an electric proportional overflow valve 7. When the hydraulic winch 1 tightens any one of the steel wire ropes to move the cylinder body 3, the corresponding oil cavity (A cavity or B cavity) becomes a pressure cavity, and the oil therein must flow through the electric proportional overflow valve 7 to return to the oil tank. This process establishes back pressure in the return oil circuit, and the back pressure value is equal to the set pressure of the electric proportional overflow valve 7. Therefore, the generated simulated load force = set pressure × effective action area of the oil cylinder piston. By steplessly adjusting the set value of the electric proportional overflow valve 7 through an electric signal, the load force can be accurately and continuously controlled.

[0025] When the cylinder body 3 moves, the volume of the other cavity (negative pressure cavity) opposite to the pressure cavity increases, and oil needs to be supplemented. The system provides low-pressure oil through the system oil supply path P2, and automatically supplements the negative pressure cavity with the guidance of the one-way valve II 6 and the one-way valve III 8 in the hydraulic bridge circuit, effectively preventing vacuum phenomenon and ensuring stable load force. The device uses the unique structure of the piston rod fixed and the cylinder body moved in combination with the design of the hydraulic bridge circuit, so that only a single load cylinder 3 can provide a smooth load in two directions with the size being electrically controllable for the tested hydraulic winch 1, perfectly simulating the real working condition.

[0026] The core step of the test method using the above test device is to set the load by electric control and automatically realize bidirectional loading and pressure maintenance by using hydraulic principle. The method specifically comprises the following steps: Step S1: Load setting, according to the test requirements, send an electrical signal to the electric proportional overflow valve 7 to set a target pressure value. This pressure value determines the size of the simulated load force in the subsequent test.

[0027] Step S2: Drive the winch, start the hydraulic winch 1, and control the drum to rotate in the predetermined direction through its hydraulic drive system (P1, T1).

[0028] Step S3: Apply load, the drum rotates clockwise to tighten the first steel wire rope 2, pulling the cylinder body of the load cylinder 3 to move to the right. The cylinder body movement extrudes the oil in the A cavity, and the oil flows to the electric proportional overflow valve 7 through the one-way valve 5. When the pressure reaches the preset target value, the oil returns through the overflow valve 7. At this time, a stable and accurate simulated load force is generated on the first steel wire rope 2.

[0029] Step S4: Dynamic oil supplement, at the same time as step S3 is performed, due to the right movement of the cylinder 3, the B cavity volume increases to form a negative pressure. The low-pressure oil in the system oil supply path P2 opens the one-way valve III 8 and automatically enters the B cavity for supplement, thereby maintaining the system pressure stable and ensuring the load force without fluctuation.

[0030] Step S5: Reverse test, change the rotation direction of the hydraulic winch 1, i.e. rotate counterclockwise, at this time the second steel wire rope 10 becomes the tight edge, pulling the cylinder body 3 to move to the left. The system works similarly to steps S3 and S4, but the pressure cavity becomes the B cavity (oil flows to the electric proportional overflow valve 7 through the one-way valve IV 9), and the oil supplement cavity becomes the A cavity (supplemented through the one-way valve 6 II), thereby achieving the same load simulation effect in the opposite direction.

[0031] This method realizes the full-process load electric control setting and automatic maintenance, is simple to operate, and has high load precision. Through simple reversing operation, bidirectional load test can be completed, and the performance of the bidirectional, horizontal acting hydraulic winch in two working directions is efficiently verified.

[0032] Example: Refer to Figure 3The bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch is supplied with oil at the system P1 port and returns oil at the T1 port, and the rotating direction of the hydraulic motor and the drum can be changed through the reversing valve. When the motor rotates right, the first steel wire rope 2 is tightened, and the pulling force is output. When the motor rotates left, the second steel wire rope 10 is tightened, and the pulling force is output. The steel wire rope pulls the load cylinder body through the winding points c and d to move, and at the same time, the oil in the A or B cavity of the load cylinder is extruded to increase the pressure until the set pressure of the electric proportional overflow valve is reached, and the pressure of the A or B cavity of the load cylinder is stabilized as the pressure of the electric proportional valve overflow valve. At this time, the load cylinder provides the load force obtained by multiplying the load oil pressure by the piston action area. One load cylinder can provide simulated load in two directions. Secondly, in order to ensure that the oil in the other cavity of the load cylinder opposite to the return oil cavity may be insufficient, and to avoid the occurrence of vacuum, which affects the stability of the simulated load, P2 and T2 ports are set for oil supplement.

[0033] Specifically, when the bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch 1 motor is driven to rotate right at the system P1 oil supply port, the first steel wire rope 2 is tightened, connected with the load cylinder body 3 through the winding point c, and pulls the load cylinder body 3 to move to the right as shown. Figure 3 At this time, the second steel wire rope 10 is passively unwound and is in a free state, the load cylinder A cavity is compressed, the oil pressure is increased, and the oil can only pass through the one-way valve I 5 and the one-way valve IV 9, and can only accumulate in front of the electric proportional overflow valve 7. As the pressure further increases, reaches the set opening value of the electric proportional overflow valve, the A cavity oil flows through the electric proportional overflow valve 7, enters the system return T2 pipeline, and the steel wire rope output pulling force is equal to the set opening pressure value of the electric proportional overflow valve 7 multiplied by the load cylinder piston action area. By changing the opening pressure setting value of the electric proportional overflow valve 7, the load pulling force can be adjusted. At the same time, the system P2 provides low pressure oil, because the left end of the one-way valve II 6 has high pressure oil of the return oil cavity, the P2 oil supply cannot pass through the one-way valve II 6, and the one-way valve IV 9 is in a closed state because the left end has high pressure oil of the return oil cavity. The B cavity needs to be supplemented with oil because the volume of the load cylinder body 3 increases by moving to the right, and the system P2 low pressure oil supply port oil enters the B cavity through the one-way valve III 8 to supplement the oil.

[0034] When the bidirectional and horizontal hydraulic winch 1 motor is driven to rotate left at the system P1 oil supply port, the second steel wire rope 10 is tightened, connected with the load cylinder body 3 through the winding point d, and pulls the load cylinder body 3 to move to the left as shown. Figure 3When the left side is shown to move, the first steel wire rope 2 is passively released, in a free state, the load cylinder B cavity is compressed, the oil pressure is raised, and cannot pass through the one-way valve Ⅲ 8, but only through the one-way valve Ⅳ 9, and cannot pass through the one-way valve Ⅰ 5, but only accumulates in front of the electric proportional overflow valve 7, and as the pressure further rises, reaches the electric proportional overflow valve set opening value, the A cavity oil liquid overflows through the electric proportional overflow valve 7, enters the system return T2 pipeline, and the steel wire rope output tension is equal to the electric proportional overflow valve 7 set opening pressure value multiplied by the load cylinder piston action area, and the load tension can be adjusted by changing the electric proportional overflow valve 7 opening pressure set value. At the same time, the system P2 provides low pressure oil liquid, because the one-way valve Ⅲ 8 right end has high pressure oil liquid action of the return oil chamber at this time, the P2 oil supply cannot pass through the one-way valve Ⅲ 8, and for the same reason, the one-way valve Ⅰ 5 is in a closed state because the right end has high pressure oil liquid action of the return oil chamber, and the A cavity needs oil liquid to supplement because the volume of the load cylinder body 3 is increased by moving to the left, and the system P2 low pressure oil supply port oil liquid enters the A cavity through the one-way valve Ⅱ 6 to supplement the oil liquid.

[0035] The bidirectional horizontal action hydraulic winch test device provided by the present application adopts a bidirectional horizontal action oil cylinder as a load, wherein the oil cylinder rod is fixed, and the two ends of the cylinder are connected with the winch steel wire rope, and can move horizontally in two directions. When the oil cylinder moves, the return oil chamber oil liquid needs to pass through the electric proportional overflow valve return tank, and the electric proportional overflow valve set value is the oil cylinder return oil chamber pressure. The oil cylinder load force is equal to the return oil chamber oil pressure multiplied by the oil cylinder action area, and the oil cylinder load force can be changed by changing the electric proportional overflow valve set value. The bidirectional, horizontal action hydraulic winch test device meets the test load demand of the bidirectional, horizontal action hydraulic winch.

[0036] The bidirectional, horizontal action hydraulic winch test device provided by the present application is described in detail above, and specific examples are applied in this paper to describe the structure and working principle of the present application. The above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A bidirectional, horizontally acting hydraulic winch testing device, characterized in that: Includes a support base (11), a bidirectional load cylinder (3) horizontally set on the support base (11), its piston rod (4) is fixedly connected to the support base (11), the cylinder body can move bidirectionally in the horizontal direction, and a hydraulic winch (1) is arranged parallel to the horizontal direction on the load cylinder (3). The two ends of the cylinder body of the load cylinder (3) are connected to the drum of the hydraulic winch (1) by the first wire rope (2) and the second wire rope (10) respectively. The first wire rope (2) is wound in the clockwise direction along the drum of the hydraulic winch (1), and the second wire rope (10) is wound in the counterclockwise direction. The load cylinder (3) includes chamber A and chamber B and is connected to a hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic circuit is equipped with an electro-proportional relief valve (7). The hydraulic circuit is configured such that when the cylinder moves in any direction, the oil in its current pressure chamber must return through the electro-proportional relief valve (7), so that the pressure of the pressure chamber is limited to the set pressure of the electro-proportional relief valve (7), thereby generating a simulated load force corresponding to the set pressure. The hydraulic circuit is also equipped with an oil replenishment port for automatically replenishing oil to the negative pressure chamber of the load cylinder (3) to maintain the stability of the system pressure.

2. The bidirectional, horizontal hydraulic winch testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic winch (1) has annular grooves on both sides of the drum for accommodating the ends of the wire ropes, and cylindrical mounting heads are provided at the ends of the first wire rope (2) and the second wire rope (10). The installation heads of the two wire ropes are respectively placed in the annular grooves at both ends of the drum. The first wire rope (2) is wound clockwise from one end of the drum, and the second wire rope (10) is wound counterclockwise from the other end of the drum. This allows one wire rope to tighten and output tension when the drum rotates, while the other wire rope is released synchronously. The two wire ropes do not interfere with each other during winding and unwinding, and provide a stable bidirectional preload for the cylinder body of the load cylinder (3).

3. The bidirectional, horizontally acting hydraulic winch testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic circuit includes check valve I (5), check valve II (6), check valve III (8) and check valve IV (9) and electro-proportional relief valve (7). The outlet of the electro-proportional relief valve (7) is connected to the system return oil circuit (T2), and the inlets of check valve II (6) and check valve III (8) are connected to the system supply oil circuit (P2).

4. The bidirectional, horizontally acting hydraulic winch testing device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The A chamber of the load cylinder (3) is simultaneously connected to the oil inlet of check valve I (5) and the oil inlet of check valve II (6) and the fluid. The B chamber of the load cylinder (3) is simultaneously in fluid communication with the oil inlet of check valve IV (9) and the oil inlet of check valve III (8); After the oil outlet of check valve I (5) and the oil outlet of check valve IV (9) merge, they are connected to the oil inlet of the electro-proportional relief valve (7). After the oil inlet of check valve II (6) and the oil inlet of check valve III (8) merge, they are connected to the oil supply circuit (P2) of the system.

5. The bidirectional, horizontally acting hydraulic winch testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conduction direction of check valve I (5) and check valve IV (9) is configured to allow oil to flow from chambers A and B of the load cylinder (3) to the electro-proportional relief valve (7); the conduction direction of check valve II (6) and check valve III (8) is configured to allow oil to flow from the system oil supply line (P2) to chambers A and B of the load cylinder (3).

6. The bidirectional, horizontally acting hydraulic winch testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder body of the load cylinder (3) is provided with a first hinge point (c) and a second hinge point (d) at both ends. The ends of the first wire rope (2) and the second wire rope (10) are respectively connected to the first hinge point (c) and the second hinge point (d) to form a stable horizontal force transmission structure.

7. The bidirectional, horizontally acting hydraulic winch testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic winch (1) is equipped with an independent hydraulic drive system. This system supplies oil to the hydraulic winch (1) through the oil supply line (P1) and the oil return line (T1), and is equipped with a reversing control valve to change the rotation direction of the drum.

8. The bidirectional, horizontally acting hydraulic winch testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base (11) is a rigid frame structure with a horizontal mounting plane on its top. The piston rod of the load cylinder (3) and the hydraulic winch (1) are both fixed on the mounting plane.

9. A method for conducting tests using the hydraulic winch testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, Step S1: Load simulation, a target pressure value is set through the electro-proportional relief valve (7), which corresponds to the load force to be simulated; Step S2: Start the hydraulic winch (1) and rotate its drum clockwise or counterclockwise; Step S3: When the drum rotates, the tightened wire rope pulls the cylinder body of the load cylinder (3) to move, forcing the oil in the corresponding working chamber of the load cylinder (3) to flow through the electro-proportional relief valve (7), thereby generating a stable simulated load force on the wire rope that corresponds to the target pressure value; Step S4: During the loading step, oil is automatically replenished to the other working chamber of the load cylinder (3) through the oil replenishment port to prevent the generation of vacuum and maintain the stability of system pressure. The oil replenishment port is the system oil supply line (P2). Step S5: By changing the rotation direction of the hydraulic winch (1), the tightened wire rope is switched, thereby repeating steps S3 and S4 in the other direction to achieve a bidirectional load test.

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