A marine high-pressure common rail diesel engine heavy oil treatment system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of marine high-pressure common rail diesel engine heavy oil processing system, it is related to ship power system technical field, including light diesel oil supply unit, heavy diesel oil pretreatment unit;Light diesel oil supply unit includes light diesel oil filter, light diesel oil tank, first flowmeter, buffer tank, heavy oil circulating pump, heater, homogenizer and diesel engine pre-filter connected by pipeline in turn, finally connects to the fuel import of diesel engine;Heavy diesel oil pretreatment unit includes fuel sediment tank, heater, oil separator and fuel daily use cabinet connected by pipeline in turn.The utility model solves the problem that existing marine high-pressure common rail diesel engine heavy oil processing system exists pipeline easy to block, poor oil quality, system is not integrated when using.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of marine power system technology, and more specifically, it relates to a heavy oil treatment system for marine high-pressure common rail diesel engines. Background Technology

[0002] High-pressure common rail diesel engines are widely used in modern ships due to their high efficiency and economy. To reduce operating costs, ship main engines often use cheaper heavy fuel oil (HFO). However, heavy fuel oil has high viscosity, contains many impurities, and is prone to solidification at room temperature, requiring heating and purification processes to meet the requirements of diesel engines. Under specific operating conditions such as when a ship enters or leaves port, the main engine needs to switch to cleaner light diesel oil (MDO).

[0003] Based on existing technology, the following significant drawbacks have been found in the use of existing marine high-pressure common rail diesel engine heavy oil treatment systems: Pipelines are prone to clogging: Heavy fuel oil typically operates at temperatures between 100-130°C, while light diesel oil is used at room temperature (usually below 60°C). When the engine switches from heavy fuel oil to light fuel oil, the high-temperature heavy fuel oil remaining in the pipeline will quickly solidify upon cooling, clogging the fuel filter and pipelines, causing the engine to stop.

[0004] Poor oil quality: Traditional systems often lack effective purification equipment or only have basic filters, which cannot effectively remove the large amount of impurities and fine particles in heavy oil. These impurities will accelerate the wear of precision components such as high-pressure oil pumps and injectors, leading to equipment damage and high maintenance costs.

[0005] The systems are not integrated: the light oil and heavy oil systems are relatively independent. The heating and circulation equipment of the heavy oil system cannot be used by the light oil system, resulting in waste of resources and the inability to solve the problem of sudden temperature changes during switching. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a heavy oil treatment system for marine high-pressure common rail diesel engines, thereby resolving the issues raised in the background art.

[0007] This utility model discloses a heavy oil treatment system for marine high-pressure common rail diesel engines, achieved through the following specific technical means: A heavy oil treatment system for a marine high-pressure common rail diesel engine includes a light diesel oil supply unit, a heavy diesel oil pretreatment unit, and a fuel switching and delivery unit. The light diesel oil supply unit includes a light diesel oil filter, a light diesel oil tank, a first flow meter, a buffer tank, a heavy oil circulation pump, a heater, a homogenizer, and a diesel engine inlet filter connected in sequence via pipelines, and is finally connected to the fuel inlet of the diesel engine. The heavy diesel pretreatment unit includes a fuel sedimentation tank, a heater, a fuel separator, and a fuel daily use tank connected in sequence by pipelines. The fuel switching and delivery unit includes an auxiliary heavy oil pump and two manual shut-off valves installed in the downstream pipeline of the fuel daily use tank; the inlet end of the auxiliary heavy oil pump is connected to the fuel daily use tank through a pipeline, and the outlet end is connected in sequence to the second flow meter, the buffer tank, the heavy oil circulation pump, the heater, the homogenizer and the diesel engine inlet filter through a pipeline, and finally connected to the fuel inlet of the diesel engine; The two manual shut-off valves are respectively installed on the pipelines leading out from the fuel tank of the light diesel oil supply unit and the fuel switching and delivery unit, and are used to switch between light diesel oil and heavy diesel oil.

[0008] Furthermore, the homogenizer is connected in parallel with a homogenizer bypass pipeline, and a control valve is installed on the homogenizer bypass pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the light diesel oil in the light diesel oil supply unit flows through the heater, which is a temperature-controlled heater.

[0010] Furthermore, the system also includes a pressure regulating valve disposed on the outlet pipeline of the heavy oil circulation pump and / or the outlet pipeline of the diesel engine inlet filter.

[0011] Furthermore, the system also includes an automatic vent valve disposed on the buffer tank and / or the fuel storage compartment.

[0012] Furthermore, both the inlet and outlet ends of the auxiliary heavy oil pump are equipped with valves for maintenance isolation.

[0013] Furthermore, in the heavy diesel pretreatment unit, the fuel daily use tank is equipped with an overflow pipe connected back to the fuel sedimentation tank.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Effectively prevents pipeline blockage: By designing the light diesel pipeline to flow through a heater, the light diesel entering the pipeline during the switch to light oil is a heated, warm oil flow. This hot oil effectively flushes and dissolves residual heavy oil in the pipeline, preventing it from solidifying due to a sudden drop in temperature, thus fundamentally solving the problem of pipeline blockage during the switchover process.

[0015] Significantly improves fuel quality: By adding a fuel separator and a homogenizer, a two-stage purification process is achieved. The fuel separator can remove a large amount of solid impurities and water from the fuel; the homogenizer can further refine the remaining fine particles to form a uniform suspension emulsion, which greatly reduces the risk of wear and blockage of precision components (such as injector needle valves) in the high-pressure common rail system, and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0016] Operation is extremely simple: one of the core improvements of the system lies in the two manual shut-off valves downstream of the fuel tank. When switching between light and heavy fuel oil, operators only need to operate these two valves, greatly simplifying the operation process, reducing the risk of human error, and improving the safety of ship operation.

[0017] The system boasts high integration and stable performance: after flowing through the fuel tank, both light and heavy fuel oils share the same core processing equipment (such as buffer tanks, heavy fuel oil circulation pumps, heaters, homogenizers, etc.). This integrated design not only saves equipment costs and simplifies pipeline layout but also ensures a stable, high-quality fuel supply regardless of the type of fuel used. The pressure regulating valve and automatic venting valve further ensure system pressure stability and operational reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0023] Furthermore, in this utility model, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model. Example

[0024] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 2 As shown: This utility model provides a heavy oil treatment system for marine high-pressure common rail diesel engines, including a light diesel oil supply unit, a heavy diesel oil pretreatment unit, and a fuel switching and delivery unit; characterized in that: The light diesel oil supply unit includes a light diesel oil filter, a light diesel oil tank, a first flow meter, a buffer tank, a heavy oil circulation pump, a heater, a homogenizer, and a diesel engine inlet filter connected in sequence via pipelines, and is finally connected to the fuel inlet of the diesel engine. The heavy diesel pretreatment unit includes a fuel sedimentation tank, a heater, a fuel separator, and a fuel day-use tank, which are connected in sequence by pipelines. The fuel switching and delivery unit includes an auxiliary heavy oil pump and two manual shut-off valves installed in the downstream pipeline of the fuel daily use tank. The inlet of the auxiliary heavy oil pump is connected to the fuel daily use tank through a pipeline, and the outlet is connected in sequence to the second flow meter, buffer tank, heavy oil circulation pump, heater, homogenizer and diesel engine inlet filter through a pipeline, and finally connected to the fuel inlet of the diesel engine. Two manual shut-off valves are respectively installed on the pipelines leading from the fuel tank of the light diesel oil supply unit and the fuel switching and delivery unit, and are used to switch between light diesel oil and heavy diesel oil.

[0025] The homogenizer is connected in parallel with a homogenizer bypass pipeline, and a control valve is installed on the homogenizer bypass pipeline.

[0026] In this unit, the light diesel oil flows through a heater, which is a temperature-controlled heater.

[0027] The system also includes a pressure regulating valve installed on the outlet pipeline of the heavy oil circulation pump and / or the outlet pipeline of the diesel engine inlet filter.

[0028] The system also includes an automatic vent valve installed on the buffer tank or fuel storage compartment.

[0029] The auxiliary heavy oil pump is equipped with valves for maintenance isolation at both its inlet and outlet ends.

[0030] In the heavy diesel pretreatment unit, the fuel daily use tank is equipped with an overflow pipeline that connects back to the fuel sedimentation tank.

[0031] The specific usage and function of this embodiment are as follows: Utility Model Content

[0033] 1. Initial preparation: Heavy oil purification Function: Heavy oil must be purified before it can be used.

[0034] operate: Heavy oil is injected into the fuel settling tank.

[0035] Turn on the heater and oil separator of the heavy oil pretreatment unit.

[0036] The heated and purified heavy oil is transported to a fuel storage tank for later use.

[0037] Note: This process can be continuous or intermittent to ensure that there is always qualified heavy oil in the day cabinet.

[0038] 2. Operating Condition 1: Using heavy diesel oil (HFO) operate: Close the manual shut-off valve V1 (light oil circuit).

[0039] Open the manual shut-off valve V2 (heavy oil circuit).

[0040] Start the auxiliary heavy oil pump.

[0041] System Flow: Heavy oil flows from the fuel tank → auxiliary heavy oil pump → flow meter F2 → buffer tank → heavy oil circulation pump → heater (heated to 100-130℃) → homogenizer (deep purification) → diesel engine inlet filter → diesel engine combustion.

[0042] Unburned fuel is returned to the buffer tank or fuel storage tank.

[0043] 3. Operating Condition Two: Using light diesel oil (MDO) operate: Open the manual shut-off valve V1 (light oil circuit).

[0044] Close the manual shut-off valve V2 (heavy oil circuit).

[0045] The auxiliary heavy oil pump can be stopped.

[0046] System Flow: Light oil flows from the light diesel fuel tank → flow meter F1 → buffer tank → heavy oil circulation pump → heater (heated to a warm state, such as 60-80℃) → homogenizer (bypass optional) → diesel engine inlet filter → diesel engine combustion.

[0047] The returned oil is also returned to the buffer tank.

[0048] Core function: As the warm light diesel oil flows through the entire shared pipeline, it flushes, dissolves, and carries away the heavy oil remaining in the pipeline, preventing it from solidifying and clogging the pipeline after cooling.

[0049] 4. Key Operation: Switching from heavy oil to light oil (e.g., before entering port) operate: Close the manual shut-off valve V2 (heavy oil circuit).

[0050] Open the manual shut-off valve V1 (light oil circuit).

[0051] Operation complete.

[0052] Effect: The system immediately switches from burning heavy oil to burning heated light oil.

[0053] Hot light oil automatically starts flushing the pipeline without any additional flushing procedures or operation of other valves.

[0054] The pipeline temperature transitioned smoothly throughout the process, avoiding the risk of heavy oil solidifying upon contact with cold.

[0055] 5. Key Operation: Switching from light to heavy fuel oil (e.g., after departure from port) operate: Close the manual shut-off valve V1 (light oil circuit).

[0056] Open the manual shut-off valve V2 (heavy oil circuit).

[0057] Start the auxiliary heavy oil pump.

[0058] Operation complete.

[0059] Effect: The system switched to burning heavy oil.

[0060] Because the pipeline was previously flushed with hot light oil, it is clean and warm, allowing heavy oil to enter the system smoothly and be quickly heated to the operating temperature.

[0061] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present utility model, and the present utility model is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present utility model should also fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A heavy oil treatment system for a marine high-pressure common rail diesel engine, comprising a light diesel oil supply unit, a heavy diesel oil pretreatment unit, and a fuel switching and delivery unit; characterized in that: The light diesel oil supply unit includes a light diesel oil filter, a light diesel oil tank, a first flow meter, a buffer tank, a heavy oil circulation pump, a heater, a homogenizer, and a diesel engine inlet filter connected in sequence via pipelines, and is finally connected to the fuel inlet of the diesel engine. The heavy diesel pretreatment unit includes a fuel sedimentation tank, a heater, a fuel separator, and a fuel daily use tank connected in sequence by pipelines. The fuel switching and delivery unit includes an auxiliary heavy oil pump and two manual shut-off valves installed in the downstream pipeline of the fuel daily use tank; the inlet end of the auxiliary heavy oil pump is connected to the fuel daily use tank through a pipeline, and the outlet end is connected in sequence to the second flow meter, the buffer tank, the heavy oil circulation pump, the heater, the homogenizer and the diesel engine inlet filter through a pipeline, and finally connected to the fuel inlet of the diesel engine; The two manual shut-off valves are respectively installed on the pipelines leading out from the fuel tank of the light diesel oil supply unit and the fuel switching and delivery unit, and are used to switch between light diesel oil and heavy diesel oil.

2. The heavy oil treatment system for marine high-pressure common rail diesel engines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The homogenizer is connected in parallel with a homogenizer bypass pipeline, and a control valve is installed on the homogenizer bypass pipeline.

3. The heavy oil treatment system for marine high-pressure common rail diesel engines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The light diesel oil in the light diesel oil supply unit flows through the heater, which is a temperature-controlled heater.

4. The heavy oil treatment system for marine high-pressure common rail diesel engines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a pressure regulating valve installed on the outlet pipeline of the heavy oil circulating pump and / or the outlet pipeline of the diesel engine inlet filter.

5. The heavy oil treatment system for a marine high-pressure common rail diesel engine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes an automatic vent valve installed on the buffer tank and / or the fuel storage cabinet.

6. The heavy oil treatment system for a marine high-pressure common rail diesel engine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary heavy oil pump is equipped with valves for maintenance isolation at both its inlet and outlet ends.

7. The heavy oil treatment system for marine high-pressure common rail diesel engines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the heavy diesel pretreatment unit, the fuel daily use tank is equipped with an overflow pipe connected back to the fuel sedimentation tank.

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