A water model experimental device for simulating VAR smelting process
By designing a water model experimental device to simulate electromagnetic stirring during the VAR smelting process, the problem of difficult inclusion distribution was solved, and the visualization analysis of inclusion distribution was realized, thus improving metallurgical quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522110540.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot effectively simulate the distribution of inclusions during vacuum consumable arc melting, leading to defects on the surface of titanium and titanium alloy ingots.
Design a water model experimental device to simulate the VAR melting process, including a cylindrical container and a V-shaped jacket, equipped with a stirring mechanism, and simulate electromagnetic stirring by a stirring motor and a stirring paddle. Combine the results of finite element simulation to explore the distribution of inclusions in the molten pool.
The visualization analysis of inclusion distribution under different stirring intensities was realized, which verified the inclusion distribution in the actual production process and improved metallurgical quality control.
Smart Images
Figure CN224682746U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of VAR melting technology, specifically relating to a water model experimental device for simulating the VAR melting process. Background Technology
[0002] The basic method for producing titanium and titanium alloy ingots remains vacuum arc remelting (VAR). Vacuum arc remelting technology is widely used in the production of high-quality high-temperature alloys and aerospace titanium alloy ingots, and is a mature industrial smelting method. Its characteristics include high melting speed, the ability to produce large ingots, and the ability to produce ingots that generally meet the requirements of general industry. The purpose of remelting is to produce dense, defect-free ingots with uniform composition, possessing the required chemical composition, size, and grain structure. To automate the smelting process and improve metallurgical quality, although the basic design of the VAR method has not changed significantly, continuous improvements have been made in the control system and smelting process adjustments, resulting in substantial progress.
[0003] Defects such as wrinkles and white spots appeared on the surface of titanium-steel composite plates in a certain factory area, which were initially estimated to be caused by the aggregation and segregation of inclusions during the smelting process. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the distribution of inclusions during the smelting process. According to the principle of similarity, the basic conditions for the similarity of liquid flow between the model and the real model are geometric similarity and dynamic similarity. In the real model, under vacuum conditions, an electric arc is generated between the electrode and the water-cooled copper crucible. The electric arc heats and melts the electrode metal, and the molten metal forms a molten pool in the crucible. After rapid solidification, crystallization and solidification, an ingot is finally formed. The VAR smelting process is accompanied by electromagnetic stirring. Since the smelting current in vacuum self-consuming arc smelting is direct current, and the electromagnetic stirring uses a low-frequency power supply, the displacement current can be ignored. Therefore, the electric field and magnetic field can be considered as quasi-static problems throughout the process. Therefore, the distribution of inclusions during the smelting process can be investigated through water model experiments. Based on the accumulation of molten metal in the real model, the water model container can be designed as a cylinder or a V-shape. Two types of V-shaped jackets can be designed according to the actual situation. The electromagnetic stirring process in the VAR smelting process can be simulated by stirring the liquid in the upper part with a paddle. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a water model experimental device for simulating the VAR smelting process, thereby solving the problem of VAR smelting process simulation experiments.
[0005] The objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: A water model experimental device for simulating the VAR melting process includes an open cylindrical container with a stirring mechanism on the cylindrical container and an inner edge mounting flange located at the top inside the cylindrical container; it also includes an open V-shaped jacket with an outer edge fixing flange at the top, and the inner edge mounting flange and the outer edge fixing flange are detachably assembled and fitted.
[0006] Furthermore, a support pillar is provided between the cylindrical container and the ground.
[0007] Furthermore, the stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor and a stirring paddle. The stirring motor is located above the cylindrical container, and the stirring motor is connected to the stirring paddle, which extends into the upper part of the cylindrical container.
[0008] Furthermore, the bottom of the cylindrical container is connected to a drain pipe.
[0009] Furthermore, the inner mounting flange is connected to the outer fixing flange by bolts.
[0010] Furthermore, the V-shaped jacket includes a deep V-shaped jacket and a shallow V-shaped jacket, both of which are open at the top, and both the deep V-shaped jacket and the shallow V-shaped jacket are provided with an outer edge fixing flange at the top.
[0011] Furthermore, the distance between the upper end face of the inner edge mounting flange of the cylindrical container and the bottom surface of the container is a, the distance between the lower end face of the outer edge fixing flange of the deep V-shaped jacket and the lower end face of the jacket is b, b is equal to a, and the distance between the lower end face of the outer edge fixing flange of the shallow V-shaped jacket and the lower end face of the jacket is c, c is equal to 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of a.
[0012] Furthermore, the V-shaped jacket includes an upper cylindrical section and a lower inverted frustum section. The upper end of the upper cylindrical section is connected to the outer edge fixed flange, and the lower end of the upper cylindrical section is connected to the upper opening of the lower inverted frustum section.
[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the V-shaped jacket is provided with a drain outlet, and a sealing plug is provided at the drain outlet.
[0014] Furthermore, the upper part of the V-shaped sleeve is provided with a handle.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are: the device can be used to investigate the distribution of inclusions in the molten pool under different stirring intensities, and to verify the distribution of inclusions in the actual production process by comparing the results of water model tests and finite element simulations.
[0016] The aforementioned main solution and its various further alternatives can be freely combined to form multiple solutions, all of which are solutions that can be adopted and claimed in this application; furthermore, the (non-conflicting alternatives) can also be freely combined with each other and with other alternatives. Those skilled in the art, after understanding this solution, will realize from the prior art and common general knowledge that there are many combinations, all of which are technical solutions to be protected in this application, and will not be exhaustively listed here. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the structure of this application.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the structure of this application.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of the deep V-shaped jacket structure of this application.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the shallow V-shaped jacket structure of this application.
[0021] Figure 5 This is a top view of the deep or shallow V-shaped jacket structure of this application.
[0022] In the diagram: 1-Cylindrical container, 2-Container support, 3-Agitator motor, 4-Agitator blade, 5-Drain pipe, 6-Inner edge mounting flange, 7-Deep V-type jacket, 8-Shallow V-type jacket, 9-Outer edge fixing flange, 10-Drain outlet, 11-Sealing plug, 12-Handle. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0024] Example 1 refer to Figures 1-5 As shown, a water model experimental device for simulating the VAR melting process includes a cylindrical container 1, a container support 2, a stirring mechanism (including a stirring motor 3 and a stirring paddle 4), a drain pipe 5, an inner edge mounting flange 6, a V-shaped jacket (including a deep V-shaped jacket 7 and a shallow V-shaped jacket 8), an outer edge fixing flange 9, a drain outlet 10, a sealing plug 11, and a handle 12.
[0025] The cylindrical container 1 has an open top structure and is used for holding water or installing a V-shaped jacket. The cylindrical container 1 is equipped with a stirring mechanism, which stirs the water inside the cylindrical container 1 or the V-shaped jacket to simulate electromagnetic stirring in the VAR melting process.
[0026] The cylindrical container 1 is provided with an inner edge mounting flange 6 located at the top, and an outer edge fixing flange 9 is provided at the top of the V-shaped jacket. The inner edge mounting flange 6 and the outer edge fixing flange 9 can be detachably assembled and matched. That is, the VAR melting process inside the cylindrical container can be simulated using the cylindrical container 1 (without the V-shaped jacket installed at this time), or the V-shaped jacket can be installed and fixed on the cylindrical container 1 to simulate the VAR melting process inside the V-shaped container.
[0027] Both the cylindrical container and the V-shaped jacket are made of acrylic material for easy observation by the experimenter. A container support 2 is provided between the cylindrical container 1 and the ground. Preferably, there are three container support 2s, which are evenly distributed around the outer perimeter of the container support 2. The container support 2s are supported on the ground and the upper outer support edge of the cylindrical container 1 to ensure the stability of the container itself.
[0028] The stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor 3 and a stirring paddle 4. The stirring motor 3 is fixedly mounted above the cylindrical container 1, and is connected to the stirring paddle 4, which extends into the upper part of the cylindrical container 1 to ensure effective stirring of the cylindrical container 1 or the V-shaped jacket. The stirring motor 3 is a worm gear reducer motor, and the speed and direction of rotation of the stirring paddle 4 are adjusted by a frequency converter.
[0029] The inner mounting flange 6 is connected to the outer fixing flange 9 by bolts, enabling flexible assembly and disassembly of the V-shaped sleeve. The V-shaped sleeve includes a deep V-shaped sleeve 7 and a shallow V-shaped sleeve 8, both of which are open at the top. Both the deep V-shaped sleeve 7 and the shallow V-shaped sleeve 8 are provided with an outer fixing flange 9 at the top. The deep V-shaped sleeve 7 and the shallow V-shaped sleeve 8 are the same in all dimensions except for their depth.
[0030] The distance between the upper end face of the inner edge mounting flange 6 of the cylindrical container 1 and the bottom surface of the container is 'a'. The distance between the lower end face of the outer edge fixing flange 9 of the deep V-shaped jacket 7 and the lower end face of the jacket is 'b'. 'b' equals 'a', meaning that after the deep V-shaped jacket is installed and fixed, the bottom surface of the cylindrical container 1 can fit against and support the lower end face of the deep V-shaped jacket 7, improving the stability of the deep V-shaped jacket 7. The distance between the lower end face of the outer edge fixing flange 9 of the shallow V-shaped jacket 8 and the lower end face of the jacket is 'c', meaning that there is still a distance between the lower end face of the shallow V-shaped jacket 8 and the bottom surface of the cylindrical container 1.
[0031] The V-shaped jacket includes an upper cylindrical section and a lower inverted frustum section. The upper end of the upper cylindrical section is integrally connected to the outer edge fixing flange 9, and the lower end of the upper cylindrical section is integrally connected to the upper opening of the lower inverted frustum section. Thus, the upper cylindrical section and the lower inverted frustum section together form an upper opening structure that can hold a vessel. The upper part of the V-shaped jacket is provided with a handle 12, which is used to lift and handle the jacket.
[0032] The bottom of the cylindrical container 1 is connected to the drain pipe 5, which is equipped with a drain valve. After the experiment, the valve is opened to drain the water inside the container through the drain pipe 5. The bottom of the V-shaped jacket is equipped with a drain port 10, and a sealing plug 11 is provided at the drain port 10. During the V-shaped jacket test, the bottom drain port needs to be blocked with a rubber plug. After the test, the rubber plug is removed and the bottom drain ball valve is opened to drain the water.
[0033] The workflow of this application is as follows: For the cylindrical molten pool water model test, no jacket is required. Tap water is directly added to the cylindrical container, and then the stirring motor is turned on. After a vortex is formed inside the container, rubber balls to simulate inclusions are added to the container. The distribution of the balls is visually observed, and the flow velocity in the corresponding area is measured using a flow meter.
[0034] For shallow V-shaped or deep V-shaped molten pool water model tests, the shallow V-shaped or deep V-shaped jacket needs to be installed on the mounting flange of the cylindrical container. The other steps are the same as for the cylindrical molten pool water model test. After the test, open the bottom drain valve to drain the water, and the rubber plug of the jacket also needs to be removed.
[0035] The foregoing basic examples and their further alternative examples can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are embodiments that can be adopted and claimed in this application. In the scheme of this application, each alternative example can be arbitrarily combined with any other basic example and alternative example.
[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A water model experimental apparatus for simulating the VAR melting process, comprising a cylindrical container (1) with an open top, characterized in that: The cylindrical container (1) is provided with a stirring mechanism, and the cylindrical container (1) is provided with an inner edge mounting flange (6) located at the top; it also includes a V-shaped jacket with an upper opening, and an outer edge fixing flange (9) is provided at the upper part of the V-shaped jacket. The inner edge mounting flange (6) and the outer edge fixing flange (9) are detachably assembled and matched.
2. The water model experimental apparatus for simulating the VAR smelting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical container (1) is provided with a support column (2) between itself and the ground.
3. The water model experimental apparatus for simulating the VAR smelting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor (3) and a stirring paddle (4). The stirring motor (3) is located above the cylindrical container (1). The stirring motor (3) is connected to the stirring paddle (4). The stirring paddle (4) extends into the upper part of the cylindrical container (1).
4. The water model experimental apparatus for simulating the VAR smelting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cylindrical container (1) is connected to the drain pipe (5).
5. The water model experimental apparatus for simulating the VAR smelting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner mounting flange (6) is connected to the outer fixing flange (9) by bolts.
6. The water model experimental apparatus for simulating the VAR smelting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-shaped sleeve includes a deep V-shaped sleeve (7) and a shallow V-shaped sleeve (8) both of which are open at the top. Both the deep V-shaped sleeve (7) and the shallow V-shaped sleeve (8) are provided with an outer edge fixing flange (9) at the top.
7. The water model experimental apparatus for simulating the VAR smelting process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the upper end face of the inner edge mounting flange (6) of the cylindrical container (1) and the bottom surface of the container is a, the distance between the lower end face of the outer edge fixing flange (9) of the deep V-shaped jacket (7) and the lower end face of the jacket is b, b is equal to a, and the distance between the lower end face of the outer edge fixing flange (9) of the shallow V-shaped jacket (8) and the lower end face of the jacket is c, c is equal to 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of a.
8. The water model experimental apparatus for simulating the VAR smelting process according to claim 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that: The V-shaped jacket includes an upper cylindrical section and a lower inverted frustum section. The upper end of the upper cylindrical section is connected to the outer edge fixed flange (9), and the lower end of the upper cylindrical section is connected to the upper opening of the lower inverted frustum section.
9. The water model experimental apparatus for simulating the VAR smelting process according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the V-shaped jacket is provided with a drain outlet (10), and a sealing plug (11) is provided at the drain outlet (10).
10. The water model experimental apparatus for simulating the VAR smelting process according to claim 1, 5, or 6, characterized in that: The upper part of the V-shaped sleeve is provided with a handle (12).