A communication device built-in antenna with a shielding layer
By using a multi-layer composite metal shielding layer and a heat-conducting through-hole design, the electromagnetic interference and heat dissipation problems of the built-in antenna of the communication equipment are solved, achieving full-band protection and intelligent management, ensuring the stability and extended lifespan of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522474879.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication equipment with built-in antennas faces electromagnetic interference and heat dissipation problems. Traditional shielding layers cannot provide full-band, all-round protection and have low heat dissipation efficiency, which affects communication quality and equipment lifespan.
A multi-layer composite metal shielding layer is used, combining reflective and absorptive materials to integrate a miniature environmental sensor. Efficient heat dissipation is achieved through thermally conductive vias and thermally conductive materials, and a notch filter structure is set on the dielectric substrate to suppress interference in specific frequency bands.
It provides full-band, all-around electromagnetic interference protection to ensure stable operation of the antenna in high-power or enclosed environments, extend its service life, and achieve status monitoring and intelligent management through environmental sensors.
Smart Images
Figure CN224683359U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a built-in antenna for a communication device with a shielding layer. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, communication devices are becoming increasingly miniaturized, integrated, and multifunctional. As a core component of various mobile terminals (such as smartphones, tablets, and IoT devices), the performance of the built-in antenna directly affects the communication quality and stability of the device.
[0003] In existing technologies, built-in antennas in communication devices typically consist of a radiator, a dielectric substrate, and feed and ground terminals. However, in practical applications, such antennas face two main challenges: Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Issues: Modern electronic devices are densely packed with components, and various radio frequency signals intertwine, resulting in a complex electromagnetic environment. Traditional metal shielding layers often use a single highly conductive material (such as copper foil), primarily blocking external electromagnetic interference through reflection. While this "reflective" shielding method is effective for certain frequency bands, it cannot absorb interference energy in specific frequency bands and may cause secondary interference to other circuits inside the device due to reflection, making it difficult to achieve effective protection across the entire frequency band and all directions.
[0004] Heat dissipation: Antennas generate heat during operation due to the Joule heating effect. Especially during high-power transmission or when the equipment is in a confined space, heat accumulation can cause the antenna components to overheat. Excessive temperature not only alters the dielectric constant of the substrate, affecting the antenna's resonant frequency and radiation efficiency, but may also accelerate material aging, shortening the antenna's and even the entire device's lifespan. Existing antenna structures typically lack effective active or passive heat dissipation designs, relying primarily on the slow conduction of heat through the substrate itself, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency. Therefore, this paper proposes a shielded antenna integrated into a communication device. Utility Model Content
[0005] Technical problems to be solved The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a built-in antenna for communication devices with a shielding layer.
[0006] Technical solution
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a communication device built-in antenna with a shielding layer, comprising a radiator, a feed terminal for connecting to a radio frequency circuit, a ground terminal for grounding, and a dielectric substrate supporting the radiator. A metal shielding layer is provided on the surface of the dielectric substrate facing away from the radiator. The metal shielding layer covers most of the back surface of the dielectric substrate and avoids the electrical connection areas corresponding to the feed terminal and the ground terminal. A miniature environmental sensor is integrated on the dielectric substrate. Integrating a miniature environmental sensor on the antenna enables the sensing of the antenna environment and thus the monitoring of the antenna's status. The metal shielding layer is a multi-layer composite structure, including at least one highly conductive metal layer and at least one highly permeable absorbing material layer.
[0008] Preferably, the metal shielding layer is provided with at least one notch structure for suppressing electromagnetic interference in a specific frequency band, wherein the notch structure is a U-shaped groove, C-shaped ring or fractal gap etched on the metal shielding layer.
[0009] Preferably, the dielectric substrate has multiple rows of thermally conductive vias arranged in an array. The vias are filled with a thermally conductive material, which is connected to the metal shielding layer. This allows the heat generated during the operation of the radiator to be efficiently conducted to the larger metal shielding layer, which then dissipates the heat into the air, thus preventing the antenna from overheating and causing performance degradation. By using the thermally conductive vias and the thermally conductive material, the high thermal conductivity of the metal allows the Joule heat generated during antenna operation to be quickly transferred to the larger metal shielding layer, which then acts as a heat sink for heat radiation. This ensures the long-term stable operation of the antenna in high-power or enclosed environments, thus guaranteeing the antenna's thermal stability and extending its service life.
[0010] Preferably, the metal shielding layer is in the shape of a continuous sheet or grid, and its edge is kept at a safe distance of 0.5 mm to 2 mm from the physical edge of the dielectric substrate. The metal shielding layer can adopt a multi-layer composite shielding structure, combining the advantages of reflective and absorptive shielding materials to provide full-band, all-round electromagnetic interference protection.
[0011] Preferably, the dielectric substrate is made of FR-4, a ceramic substrate, or a flexible PI material, with a thickness of 0.2 mm to 1.6 mm.
[0012] Preferably, the radiator is one of the following structures: an inverted-F antenna, a planar inverted-F antenna, a monopole antenna, or a dipole antenna.
[0013] Preferably, the signal line of the miniature environmental sensor is shared with or independently led out from the antenna feed network, and the miniature environmental sensor is one or a combination of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or a proximity sensor.
[0014] Preferably, the highly conductive metal layer is a copper foil, the highly permeable absorbing material layer is a ferrite coating or a ferrite sheet, and the highly conductive metal layer and the highly permeable absorbing material layer are separated by an insulating adhesive.
[0015] Beneficial effects:
[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the built-in antenna of this shielded communication device has the following advantages: This invention utilizes the high thermal conductivity of metal, through the design of thermally conductive holes and materials, to rapidly transfer the Joule heat generated during antenna operation to a larger metal shielding layer, which then acts as a heat sink for heat radiation. This ensures the long-term stable operation of the antenna in high-power or enclosed environments, guaranteeing its thermal stability and extending its service life. Furthermore, the metal shielding layer can employ a multi-layer composite shielding structure, combining the advantages of reflective and absorptive shielding materials to provide full-band, all-around electromagnetic interference protection. Integrating a miniature environmental sensor on the antenna enables the perception of the antenna's environment and the monitoring of its status. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural design of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal shielding layer of this utility model.
[0019] In the picture: 1. Radiator; 2. Feed terminal; 3. Ground terminal; 4. Dielectric substrate; 5. Metal shielding layer; 6. Notch filter structure; 7. Miniature environmental sensor; 501. High conductivity metal layer; 502. High permeability absorbing material layer; 401. Multiple rows of thermally conductive vias; 402. Thermally conductive material. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0021] Please see Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a communication device built-in antenna with a shielding layer, including a radiator 1, a feed terminal 2 for connecting to the radio frequency circuit, a ground terminal 3 for grounding, and a dielectric substrate 4 supporting the radiator 1. The radiator 1 is one of the following structures: an inverted F-type antenna, a planar inverted F-type antenna, a monopole antenna, or a dipole antenna. A metal shielding layer 5 is provided on the surface of the dielectric substrate 4 facing away from the radiator 1. The metal shielding layer 5 covers most of the back area of the dielectric substrate 4 and avoids the electrical connection areas corresponding to the feed terminal 2 and the ground terminal 3. A miniature environmental sensor 7 is integrated on the dielectric substrate 4. The signal line of the miniature environmental sensor 7 is shared with or independently led out from the antenna feed network. The miniature environmental sensor 7 is one or a combination of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or a proximity sensor. By integrating the miniature environmental sensor 7 on the antenna, the antenna environment can be sensed, and the antenna status can be monitored.
[0022] The metal shielding layer 5 of this invention is a multi-layer composite structure, including at least one highly conductive metal layer 501 and at least one highly permeable absorbing material layer 502. The highly conductive metal layer 501 is a copper foil, and the highly permeable absorbing material layer 502 is a ferrite coating or a ferrite sheet. The highly conductive metal layer 501 and the highly permeable absorbing material layer 502 are separated by an insulating adhesive.
[0023] Please refer to the following carefully. Figure 1 , Figure 4 The metal shielding layer 5 is provided with at least one notch structure 6 for suppressing electromagnetic interference in a specific frequency band. The notch structure 6 is a U-shaped groove, C-shaped ring or fractal gap etched on the metal shielding layer 5. The shape of the metal shielding layer 5 is a continuous sheet or grid. Its edge is kept at a safe distance of 0.5 mm to 2 mm from the physical edge of the dielectric substrate 4. The metal shielding layer 5 can adopt a multi-layer composite shielding structure, combining the advantages of reflective and absorptive shielding materials to provide full-band, all-round electromagnetic interference protection.
[0024] Please refer to the following carefully. Figure 3The dielectric substrate 4 has multiple rows of thermally conductive vias 401 arranged in an array. The thermally conductive vias 401 are filled with thermally conductive material 402, which is connected to the metal shielding layer 5. This allows the heat generated by the radiator during operation to be efficiently conducted to the larger metal shielding layer 5, and then dissipated into the air by the shielding layer, thus playing a heat dissipation role and preventing the antenna from degrading due to overheating. The dielectric substrate 4 is made of FR-4, ceramic substrate, or flexible PI material, with a thickness of 0.2mm to 1.6mm. Through the thermally conductive vias 401 and the thermally conductive material 402, the high thermal conductivity of the metal is used to quickly transfer the Joule heat generated by the antenna during operation to the larger metal shielding layer 5, which acts as a heat sink for heat radiation. This ensures the long-term stable operation of the antenna in high-power or enclosed environments, ensuring the antenna's thermal stability and extending its service life.
[0025] Working Principle: When the radio frequency circuit inputs a high-frequency signal to the radiator through the feed terminal, the radiator generates an electromagnetic field and radiates radio waves into space, achieving communication functionality. In this process, this invention utilizes the following mechanisms to enhance the overall performance of the antenna: a multi-layer composite metal shielding layer located on the back of the dielectric substrate plays a crucial role. The highly conductive metal layer (such as copper foil) acts as a reflective layer, effectively reflecting most incident electromagnetic waves across the frequency band; while the high-permeability absorbing material layer (such as a ferrite coating) acts as an absorbent layer, converting the energy of specific frequency band electromagnetic interference that penetrates or diffracts into heat energy. The combination of these two elements forms a composite shielding mode of "reflection + absorption," significantly improving the overall suppression capability against electromagnetic interference across the entire frequency band and all directions. Simultaneously, notch structures (such as U-grooves and C-rings) etched onto the shielding layer can specifically suppress interference signals in a particular harmful frequency band.
[0026] The Joule heat generated during antenna operation is first conducted from the radiator to the dielectric substrate. Multiple rows of thermally conductive vias, filled with thermally conductive material and distributed in an array within the substrate, form an efficient vertical heat conduction channel. Heat is rapidly transferred through these vias to a metal shielding layer with an area much larger than the radiator. Due to the excellent thermal conductivity and large surface area of the metal shielding layer, it acts as a natural "heat sink," quickly dissipating heat to the surrounding environment through thermal radiation and convection. This effectively prevents localized overheating of the antenna and ensures its long-term stable operation under high power or harsh environments.
[0027] Miniature environmental sensors (such as temperature, humidity, or proximity sensors) integrated on a dielectric substrate can monitor the physical environment of the antenna in real time. The signals they collect can be transmitted to the main control system via a separate line or a line shared with the antenna feed network, providing environmental data for the device for status monitoring, fault warning, or adaptive adjustment, thus realizing the intelligent expansion of antenna functions.
[0028] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0029] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A communication device built-in antenna with a shielding layer, comprising a radiator (1), a feed terminal (2) for connecting to a radio frequency circuit, a ground terminal (3) for grounding, and a dielectric substrate (4) supporting the radiator (1), characterized in that: The dielectric substrate (4) has a metal shielding layer (5) on the side surface facing away from the radiator (1). The metal shielding layer (5) covers most of the back area of the dielectric substrate (4) and avoids the electrical connection areas corresponding to the power supply terminal (2) and the ground terminal (3). A miniature environmental sensor (7) is integrated on the dielectric substrate (4). The metal shielding layer (5) is a multi-layer composite structure, including at least one highly conductive metal layer (501) and at least one highly permeable absorbing material layer (502).
2. The built-in antenna of a communication device with a shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal shielding layer (5) is provided with at least one notch structure (6) for suppressing electromagnetic interference in a specific frequency band. The notch structure (6) is a U-shaped groove, C-shaped ring or fractal gap etched on the metal shielding layer (5).
3. The built-in antenna of a communication device with a shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate (4) has multiple rows of thermally conductive vias (401) arranged in an array inside. The thermally conductive vias (401) are filled with thermally conductive material (402), and the thermally conductive material (402) is connected to the metal shielding layer (5).
4. The built-in antenna of a communication device with a shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the metal shielding layer (5) maintains a safe distance of 0.5 mm to 2 mm from the physical edge of the dielectric substrate (4).
5. The built-in antenna of a communication device with a shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate (4) is made of FR-4, ceramic substrate or flexible PI material, with a thickness of 0.2 mm to 1.6 mm.
6. The built-in antenna of a communication device with a shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiator (1) is one of the following structures: inverted F-type antenna, planar inverted F-type antenna, monopole antenna, or dipole antenna.
7. The built-in antenna of a communication device with a shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal line of the miniature environmental sensor (7) is shared with or independently led out from the antenna feed network. The miniature environmental sensor (7) is one or a combination of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or a proximity sensor.
8. The built-in antenna of a communication device with a shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The highly conductive metal layer (501) is a copper foil, and the highly permeable absorbing material layer (502) is a ferrite coating or a ferrite sheet. The highly conductive metal layer (501) and the highly permeable absorbing material layer (502) are separated by an insulating adhesive.