Dual-loop phase change cold storage device and laser applying same

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of thermal management equipment, concretely relates to a double circuit phase change cold storage device and the laser of application thereof, include: phase change energy storage unit, fill with phase change material, its inner chamber is equipped with fin, hot fluid cavity with phase change energy storage unit stacking arrangement, a plurality of cold fluid pipes, wear in phase change energy storage unit inside, cold fluid U -shaped tube, connect adjacent cold fluid pipe, located phase change energy storage unit outside, fin, along cold fluid pipe axial even distribution in phase change energy storage unit inside. The double circuit phase change cold storage device and the laser of application thereof through a plurality of phase change energy storage units and a plurality of hot fluid cavities stacking arrangement, synchronously arrange fin in phase change energy storage unit, phase change material latent heat storage and double circuit switching, shift greater than 25kW instantaneous heat load in 60s, need not sustained external energy supply, be applicable to instantaneous high heat flow density platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of thermal management equipment, specifically relating to a dual-loop phase change cold storage device and a laser using the same. Background Technology

[0002] When high-power solid-state or semiconductor lasers operate in pulses, their electro-optical conversion efficiency is only about 30%, with the remaining 70% of electrical energy being instantaneously converted into heat, resulting in an extreme thermal shock with a peak power of ≥25kW lasting approximately 60 seconds. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, the laser crystal will experience temperature rise and drift, a decrease in output power, or even permanent failure. Existing single-phase / two-phase liquid cooling and jet impact technologies are difficult to meet the stringent requirements of "60s heat absorption - 30min heat release - zero continuous power consumption" in scenarios such as drones, vehicles, or individual soldier carrying, due to constraints in size, weight, and energy consumption. Latent heat storage has attracted attention due to its high energy density and small temperature fluctuations, but traditional latent heat storage heat exchangers cannot simultaneously address the two contradictory issues of "instantaneous high heat flux absorption" and "complete solidification and regeneration."

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a compact cold storage device that can rapidly absorb pulsed heat loads and complete the re-solidification of phase change materials without external power supply during the rest phase.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of this application concept, and therefore, the above description is not considered to constitute prior art information. Utility Model Content

[0005] This disclosure provides at least one dual-loop phase change cold storage device and a laser using the same.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a dual-loop phase change energy storage device, having a housing, the housing comprising: a phase change energy storage unit filled with a phase change material, the inner cavity of which is provided with staggered fins; a hot fluid cavity stacked with the phase change energy storage unit; a plurality of cold fluid pipes passing through the interior of the phase change energy storage unit; a cold fluid U-shaped pipe connecting adjacent cold fluid pipes and located outside the phase change energy storage unit; and fins uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the cold fluid pipes within the phase change energy storage unit.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the phase change energy storage unit is a rectangular cavity structure with a length L and a height H of 300 mm and a wall thickness of 0.4 mm.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the number of fins is 2 to 20; the thickness δ of the fins is 0.1 to 1 mm, and the length ratio γ = w / W = 0.1 to 1, where w is the length of the fins and W is the thickness of the phase change material in the phase change energy storage unit.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the phase change material is one or more of paraffin wax, paraffin-graphene composite, sodium acetate trihydrate, lauric acid, fatty acid eutectic, and inorganic hydrated salt.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the thickness of the hot fluid cavity is 5-10 mm.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the number of cold fluid pipes is 5 to 15, with an outer diameter of 4 mm and a wall thickness of 0.4 mm.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the hot fluid cavity, the cold fluid pipe, the cold fluid U-tube, and the fins are made of one or more of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, copper alloy, and titanium alloy.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the cold fluid straight pipe is a seamless straight pipe; the cold fluid U-shaped pipe is a U-shaped bend; and the cold fluid U-shaped pipe is welded to the end of the cold fluid straight pipe.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, it further includes: a hot fluid inlet and a hot fluid outlet, respectively located on both sides of the hot fluid cavity; and a cold fluid inlet and a cold fluid outlet, respectively located at the ends of the cold fluid pipe.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a laser, including the aforementioned dual-loop phase change cold storage device.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that the dual-loop phase change cold storage device and the laser using it are arranged by stacking several phase change energy storage units and several hot fluid cavities, and fins are arranged synchronously in the phase change energy storage units. The latent heat storage of the phase change material and the dual-loop switching can transfer a heat load of more than 25kW within 60s without the need for continuous external power supply, making it suitable for instantaneous high heat flux density platforms.

[0017] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention are realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings.

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A perspective view of a dual-loop phase change cold storage device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another perspective stereoscopic view; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Sectional view of the overall BB; Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged diagram of C in the diagram.

[0021] In the picture: Shell 100, phase change energy storage unit 1, fins 5, hot fluid cavity 2, cold fluid pipe 3, cold fluid U-shaped pipe 4, hot fluid inlet 6, hot fluid outlet 7, cold fluid inlet 8, cold fluid outlet 9. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0023] Definitions: PCM (Phase Change Material): A phase change material is a substance that changes its physical state while remaining at a constant temperature and can provide latent heat. The process of changing physical properties is called a phase change process, during which the phase change material absorbs or releases a large amount of latent heat.

[0024] SLM (Selective Laser Melting): Short for Selective Laser Melting Technology, it is a process of metal 3D printing (additive manufacturing) that uses a high-energy laser beam to melt metal powder and build up layers to form a three-dimensional solid part.

[0025] Research has revealed that existing latent heat storage heat exchangers are unable to meet the stringent portability requirements of lasers when dealing with short-term high thermal shocks, and cannot balance the two major contradictions of "instantaneous high heat flux absorption" and "complete solidification and regeneration".

[0026] Based on the above research, this disclosure provides a dual-loop phase change cold storage device and a laser using it, which can rapidly absorb pulsed heat loads and complete the re-solidification of phase change materials during the rest phase.

[0027] The shortcomings of the above solutions are the result of the inventors' practical experience and careful research. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions proposed in this disclosure should be considered as contributions made by the inventors to this disclosure.

[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0029] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0030] See Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 At least one embodiment illustrates a dual-loop phase change energy storage device, having a housing 100, the housing comprising: a phase change energy storage unit 1 filled with phase change material, the inner cavity of which is provided with staggered fins 5; a hot fluid cavity 2, stacked with the phase change energy storage unit 1; a plurality of cold fluid pipes 3 passing through the interior of the phase change energy storage unit 1; a cold fluid U-shaped pipe 4, connecting adjacent cold fluid pipes 3, located outside the phase change energy storage unit 1; and fins 5 uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the cold fluid pipes 3 within the phase change energy storage unit 1.

[0031] In short, no additional insulation layer is installed on the top and sides of the shell 100; rapid thermal response is achieved by relying on the thin walls and the low heat capacity of the material itself. Several phase change energy storage units 1 and several hot fluid chambers 2 are stacked, with each phase change energy storage unit 1 and each hot fluid chamber 2 being an independent layer. The overall modular parallel design allows the heat exchange capacity to be expanded as needed. The stacking method enables the hot fluid chambers 2 to quickly transfer heat to the phase change material, allowing the phase change material to quickly absorb heat and achieve rapid heat transfer. Fins are arranged simultaneously in the phase change energy storage units to increase the heat dissipation area and guide the heat flow. During use, the hot fluid flows through the hot fluid chambers 2, and the heat is transferred to the PCM through the thin walls and fins 5, causing it to melt and absorb heat quickly, thus absorbing the heat load. During equipment shutdown, the refrigerant in the cold fluid pipes 3 and cold fluid U-shaped pipes 4 evaporates and absorbs heat inside the pipes; the latent heat of vaporization causes the PCM to change from a liquid to a solid state, achieving PCM solidification; the entire solidification cycle is controlled within 30 minutes. In this embodiment, the latent heat storage of phase change material and the dual-loop switching of cold and hot flow enable it to store cold when the heat load is low and release cold when the heat load is high. It can transfer an instantaneous heat load of more than 25kW within 60s without the need for continuous external power supply.

[0032] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 The phase change energy storage unit 1 has a rectangular cavity structure, with a preferred length L and height H of 300mm and a wall thickness of 0.4mm. These dimensions are suitable for modular parallel design, allowing the heat exchange capacity to be expanded as needed while maintaining a compact volume of 300mm × 300mm. Using SLM technology for 3D printing in a single piece not only reduces the wall thickness to 0.4mm but also eliminates the leakage risks associated with traditional welding, significantly reducing the overall weight.

[0033] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 , Figure 5 The number of fins 5 is 2 to 20; the thickness δ of fins 5 is 0.1 to 1 mm, and the length ratio γ = w / W = 0.1 to 1, where w is the length of the fin 5 and W is the thickness of the phase change material in the phase change energy storage unit 1. Fins 5 are used to enhance the heat conduction between the phase change material and the cold fluid straight pipe 3, as well as the heat conduction of the hot fluid cavity 2. Their number is adjusted according to the number of cold fluid pipes 3. Similarly, δ can be 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, or 1 mm; γ can be 0.1, 0.5, or 1, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within the range are also suitable.

[0034] In some embodiments, the phase change material is one or more of paraffin wax, paraffin-graphene composite, sodium acetate trihydrate, lauric acid, fatty acid eutectic, and inorganic hydrated salt. Any phase change material with a melting point between 273.15K and 291.15K, a latent heat ≥150kJ / kg, and suitable for use with the described structure should be considered within the scope of this invention.

[0035] In some embodiments, the thickness of the hot fluid cavity 2 is 5 to 10 mm. For example, it can be 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm and 10 mm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other values ​​not listed in the range are also suitable.

[0036] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The number of cold fluid pipes 3 is 5 to 15, with an outer diameter of 4 mm and a wall thickness of 0.4 mm. The number of cold fluid pipes 3 can be, for example, 5, 6, 7, 10, or 15, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also suitable. In some embodiments, the hot fluid cavity 2, cold fluid pipe 3, cold fluid U-shaped pipe 4, and fins 5 are made of one or more of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, copper alloy, and titanium alloy. Their structure can be, but is not limited to, composite structures, coated structures, etc.

[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The cold fluid straight pipe 3 is a seamless straight pipe; the cold fluid U-shaped pipe 4 is a U-shaped bend; the cold fluid U-shaped pipe 4 is welded to the end of the cold fluid straight pipe 3.

[0038] In short, the cold fluid pipe 3 has an outer diameter of 4mm and a wall thickness of 0.4mm, and the material can be, but is not limited to, 304 stainless steel and other materials; the two ends of the cold fluid pipe 3 are welded to the cold fluid U-shaped pipe 4 to form a reciprocating flow channel.

[0039] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 It also includes: a hot fluid inlet 6 and a hot fluid outlet 7, which are respectively located on both sides of the hot fluid cavity 2; and a cold fluid inlet 8 and a cold fluid outlet 9, which are respectively located at the ends of the cold fluid pipe 3.

[0040] In short, the hot fluid inlet 6 and hot fluid outlet 7 are made of stainless steel short pipes, respectively located at the ends of the cold fluid pipe 3 and the cold fluid U-shaped pipe 4. The hot fluid inlets 6 of multiple hot fluid chambers 2 are connected in parallel to the main inlet pipe of the same hot fluid, and the hot fluid outlets 7 are connected in parallel to the main outlet pipe of the same hot fluid, forming a hot fluid loop. Similarly, the cold fluid inlet 8 and cold fluid outlet 9 are welded to the left and right end plates of the phase change energy storage unit 1, respectively, and the cold fluid inlet 8 and cold fluid outlet 9 are connected in parallel to the same cold fluid, forming a cold fluid loop.

[0041] A laser comprising the aforementioned dual-loop phase-change cold storage device.

[0042] The dual-loop phase change energy storage device inside the laser utilizes the latent heat characteristics of paraffin-based or hydrated salt phase change materials in the range of 273.15–291.15K. Combined with the alternating stacked structure of the hot fluid cavity and the ultra-thin-walled PCM energy storage cavity, and enhanced heat transfer through fins, the melting / solidification process of the PCM is made more uniform, avoiding local overheating. It can absorb ≥25kW instantaneous heat load within 60s with minimal temperature rise. During equipment downtime, the dual-loop circulation can complete PCM regeneration by relying on its own energy storage and the intermittent operation of the micro compressor, without the need for continuous external power supply, truly achieving energy saving and environmental protection.

[0043] It is understood that, based on lasers, the above-mentioned dual-loop phase change cold storage device can be applied to heat dissipation scenarios of other high heat flux pulsed devices (such as high-power LEDs, radar T / R components, and power semiconductor modules) other than lasers in UAVs, vehicles, ships, portable devices for individual soldiers, and fixed base stations. All such applications should be considered equivalent embodiments of this utility model and are protected by patent.

[0044] In this document, when it is mentioned that a first component is located on a second component, this can mean that the first component can be directly formed on the second component, or that a third component can be inserted between the first and second components. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, the thickness of the components may be exaggerated or reduced for the purpose of effectively describing the technical content.

[0045] In this document, when an element or layer is referred to as “located,” “joined to,” “connected to,” “attached to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly located, joined, connected, attached to, or coupled to the other element or layer, or there may be intermediate elements or layers present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as “directly on another element or layer,” “directly joined to,” “directly connected to,” “directly attached to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intermediate elements or layers present. Other terms used to describe relationships between elements should be interpreted in a similar manner (e.g., “between” versus “directly between,” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0046] In this document, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, expressions such as “at least one of…” modify the entire list of elements when following a list of elements, rather than individual elements in the list. For example, the expression “at least one of a, b, and c” should be understood to include only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, or all of a, b, and c.

[0047] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific exemplary configurations only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular articles “a,” “an,” and “the” may also be intended to include plural forms unless otherwise clearly stated herein. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are inclusive and thus specify the presence of features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein should not be construed as requiring them to be performed in the specific order discussed or shown, unless specifically identified as such. Additional or alternative steps may be employed.

[0048] As used herein, the phrases “in one embodiment,” “according to one embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” etc., generally refer to the fact that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase can be included in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. Therefore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in more than one embodiment of this disclosure, such that these phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. As used herein, the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., are used to “serve as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementation, aspect, or design described herein as “example” or “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other implementations, aspects, or designs. Rather, the use of the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., is intended to present concepts in a specific manner.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence unless expressly indicated herein. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed above may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment.

[0051] Spatially relative terms, such as “inside,” “outside,” “below,” “below,” “down,” “above,” “up,” etc., may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature illustrated in the figures and another element or feature. In addition to the orientations depicted in the figures, spatially relative terms may be intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “below” other elements or features would be oriented as “above” other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can cover both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0052] In the above discussion, unless otherwise stated, when used to describe numerical values, the terms “about,” “approximately,” “basically,” etc., indicate a change of + / - 10% in that value.

[0053] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual-loop phase change cold storage device, comprising a housing (100), characterized in that, The housing (100) includes: A phase change energy storage unit (1) is filled with phase change material, and its inner cavity is provided with fins (5). The hot fluid cavity (2) is stacked with the phase change energy storage unit (1); Multiple cold fluid pipes (3) are installed inside the phase change energy storage unit (1); A cold fluid U-shaped pipe (4), connected to the adjacent cold fluid pipe (3), is located outside the phase change energy storage unit (1); and, Fins (5) are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cold fluid pipe (3) within the phase change energy storage unit (1).

2. The dual-loop phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change energy storage unit (1) has a rectangular cavity structure. Its length L and height H are both 300mm, and its wall thickness is 0.4mm.

3. The dual-loop phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of fins (5) is 2 to 20; The thickness δ of the fin (5) is 0.1~1mm, the length ratio γ=w / W, and the ratio is 0.1~1, where w is the length of the fin (5) and W is the thickness of the phase change material in the phase change energy storage unit (1).

4. A dual-loop phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change material is at least one of paraffin, paraffin-graphene composite, sodium acetate trihydrate, lauric acid, fatty acid eutectic, and inorganic hydrated salt.

5. A dual-loop phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the hot fluid cavity (2) is 5~10mm.

6. A dual-loop phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of cold fluid pipes (3) is 5 to 15, with an outer diameter of 4 mm and a wall thickness of 0.4 mm.

7. A dual-loop phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot fluid cavity (2), the cold fluid pipe (3), the cold fluid U-shaped pipe (4) and the fins (5) are made of at least one of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, copper alloy and titanium alloy.

8. A dual-loop phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold fluid pipe (3) is a seamless straight pipe; The cold fluid U-shaped pipe (4) is a U-shaped bend; The cold fluid U-shaped pipe (4) is welded to the end of the cold fluid pipe (3).

9. A dual-loop phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A hot fluid inlet (6) and a hot fluid outlet (7) are respectively located on both sides of the hot fluid cavity (2); The cold fluid inlet (8) and the cold fluid outlet (9) are respectively located at the ends of the cold fluid pipe (3).

10. A laser, characterized in that, Includes the dual-loop phase change cold storage device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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