Emergency power supply circuit and refrigerator
By using an emergency power supply circuit combining solar cells and batteries in the refrigerator, the problem of the refrigerator failing to cool after a power outage is solved. This provides emergency power during mains power outages, reduces the risk of food spoilage, and improves energy efficiency and power management flexibility.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521734119.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-08-14
AI Technical Summary
Household refrigerators cannot maintain their cooling function after a power outage, causing food to spoil. Existing emergency power supplies can only power lighting or displays, limiting their application scenarios.
An emergency power supply circuit that uses a combination of solar cells and batteries detects the status of the mains power and switches to power supply, prioritizing the use of solar cells to ensure that the cooling components continue to work when the mains power fails and to charge them when the mains power is restored, thereby improving energy efficiency.
It enables the refrigerator to maintain its cooling function in the event of a mains power outage, reducing the risk of food spoilage, expanding the application scenarios of emergency power supplies, and improving energy utilization efficiency and power management flexibility.
Smart Images
Figure CN224683933U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of refrigerator technology, and particularly relates to an emergency power supply circuit and a refrigerator. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, household refrigerators typically rely on a single mains power supply. After a power outage, they cannot maintain their cooling function. If the power outage lasts for a long time, it can easily affect the preservation or freezing effect of food inside the refrigerator, leading to food spoilage.
[0003] A small number of refrigerators on the market have attempted to integrate emergency power supplies. However, emergency power supplies can usually only power lighting or displays, which limits their application scenarios. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides an emergency power supply circuit and a refrigerator that can supply power to the refrigeration components, thereby enabling the refrigerator to maintain its refrigeration function, reducing the risk of food spoilage, and employing two emergency power supplies to improve energy efficiency, thus expanding the application scenarios of the emergency power supply.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an emergency power supply circuit applied to a refrigerator, the refrigerator including a refrigeration component; the emergency power supply circuit includes:
[0006] A detection module is connected to the mains power supply, and the detection module is used to detect the working status of the mains power supply;
[0007] Emergency power supplies, including solar panels and batteries;
[0008] The controller is connected to the detection module and the emergency power supply respectively. The controller is used to determine the working state of the mains power according to the comparison signal of the detection module and the emergency power supply, and generate a power supply switching signal when the working state of the mains power is power failure.
[0009] A switching module is electrically connected to the controller and to the cooling component. The switching module is used to switch the power supply of the cooling component to the solar cell or the battery according to the switching power supply signal, and the power supply of the solar cell takes priority over the power supply of the battery.
[0010] Optionally, the emergency power supply circuit further includes:
[0011] An emergency power management module is connected to the solar cell and the battery, and to the controller. The emergency power management module is used to generate a first start signal to start the solar cell when the voltage signal of the solar cell is greater than or equal to a preset voltage, or to generate a second start signal to start the battery when the voltage signal is less than the preset voltage.
[0012] Optionally, the emergency power management module is further configured to control the solar cell to charge the battery prior to the mains power when the controller determines that the mains power is in a state of restored power.
[0013] Optionally, the controller is further configured to, when the mains power is in the on state, switch the power supply of the cooling component to the mains power through the switching module after a set time.
[0014] Optionally, the switching module includes:
[0015] A first driving circuit has its input terminal connected to the controller and its output terminal connected to the refrigeration component, and the first driving circuit is connected to the mains power.
[0016] The second drive circuit has its input terminal connected to the controller and its output terminal connected to the refrigeration component, and the second drive circuit is connected to the emergency power supply.
[0017] The first drive circuit and the second drive circuit are used to connect the first drive circuit to the cooling component or the second drive circuit to the cooling component according to the working state of the mains power determined by the controller.
[0018] Optionally, the switching module further includes:
[0019] An inverter, whose input is connected to the controller and whose output is connected to the second drive circuit, is used to activate the second drive circuit when the controller determines that the mains power is off.
[0020] Optionally, the first driving circuit includes:
[0021] The first driver chip has its input terminal connected to the controller and its enable terminal connected to an enable signal.
[0022] The first MOS transistor has its gate connected to the high-side drive output terminal of the first driver chip, its drain connected to the mains power, and its source connected to the high-side floating power return terminal of the first driver chip.
[0023] The second MOS transistor has its gate connected to the low-side drive output terminal of the first driver chip, its drain connected to the source of the first MOS transistor, and its source grounded.
[0024] The first capacitor has one end connected to the high-side floating power input terminal of the first driver chip, and the other end connected to the high-side floating power return terminal of the first driver chip.
[0025] Optionally, the first driving circuit further includes:
[0026] The first diode has its anode connected to the power supply terminal of the first driver chip and its cathode connected to the high-side floating power input terminal of the first driver chip.
[0027] The second capacitor has one end connected to the mains power and the other end grounded.
[0028] The third capacitor has one end connected to the power supply terminal of the first driver chip and the other end connected to the low-side drive circuit terminal of the first driver chip.
[0029] Optionally, the second driving circuit includes:
[0030] The second driver chip has its input terminal connected to the controller and its enable terminal connected to an enable signal.
[0031] The third MOSFET has its gate connected to the high-side drive output terminal of the second driver chip, its drain connected to the emergency power supply, and its source connected to the high-side floating power return terminal of the second driver chip.
[0032] The fourth MOS transistor has its gate connected to the low-side drive output terminal of the second driver chip, its drain connected to the source of the third MOS transistor, and its source grounded.
[0033] The fourth capacitor has one end connected to the high-side floating power input terminal of the second driver chip, and the other end connected to the high-side floating power return terminal of the second driver chip.
[0034] Optionally, the second driving circuit further includes:
[0035] The second diode has its anode connected to the power supply terminal of the second driver chip and its cathode connected to the high-side floating power input terminal of the second driver chip.
[0036] The fifth capacitor has one end connected to the emergency power supply and the other end grounded.
[0037] The sixth capacitor has one end connected to the power supply terminal of the second driver chip and the other end connected to the low-side drive circuit terminal of the second driver chip.
[0038] Optionally, the emergency power supply circuit further includes:
[0039] A protection module is provided, with its input connected to the switching module and its output connected to the controller and the cooling component. The protection module is used to detect the current signal of the switching module, and the controller is used to generate a drive adjustment signal based on the current signal to drive the cooling component.
[0040] Optionally, the protection module includes:
[0041] An operational amplifier, with its non-inverting input connected to a power supply and its inverting input connected to the switching module;
[0042] The first resistor has one end connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and the other end connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier.
[0043] The second resistor has one end connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier and the other end connected to the controller;
[0044] The seventh capacitor has one end connected to the other end of the second resistor, and the other end grounded.
[0045] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a refrigerator, comprising:
[0046] Refrigeration components;
[0047] The emergency power supply circuit as described in any of the preceding claims is electrically connected to the refrigeration component.
[0048] In the emergency power supply circuit and refrigerator of this application embodiment, an emergency power supply is used to power the refrigeration components in the event of a mains power outage. This enables emergency power supply to the refrigeration components, thereby maintaining the refrigerator's refrigeration function and reducing the risk of food spoilage. Furthermore, the emergency power supply is not limited to a single battery, but rather employs a combination of solar cells and batteries. Solar cell power supply has higher priority than battery power supply, which improves energy utilization efficiency and expands the application scenarios of the emergency power supply. Attached Figure Description
[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0050] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.
[0051] Figure 1 This is a first structural block diagram of an emergency power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0052] Figure 2 This is a second structural block diagram of an emergency power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0053] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of the detection module in the emergency power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0054] Figure 4 This is a third structural block diagram of the emergency power supply circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0055] Figure 5 The circuit diagram of the switching module in the emergency power supply circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0056] Figure 6 This is a fourth structural block diagram of the emergency power supply circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0057] Figure 7 The circuit diagram of the protection module in the emergency power supply circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0058] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0059] In order to expand the application scenarios of emergency power supplies and reduce the risk of food spoilage stored in refrigerators, this application provides an emergency power supply circuit and a refrigerator, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0060] For example, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a first structural block diagram of an emergency power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The emergency power supply circuit 100 of this embodiment is applied to a refrigerator, which includes a refrigeration assembly, such as a compressor, condenser, and evaporator. Of course, the load on the refrigerator is not limited to the refrigeration assembly; it can also include loads such as lights and displays. This embodiment uses the refrigeration assembly, the main load of the refrigerator, as an example for illustration and should not be construed as a limitation on the load inside the refrigerator. The emergency power supply circuit 100 includes a detection module 110, an emergency power supply, a controller 120, and a switching module 130.
[0061] The detection module 110 is connected to the mains power DC1 and is used to detect the operating status of the mains power DC1. It should be noted that the mains power is alternating current (AC), and a power management module is typically needed to convert it into low-voltage direct current (DC) to manage the mains power and ensure the stability of the mains power supply to the refrigerator. For example, for 220V AC mains power, after rectification and filtering, 12V DC power is output to the emergency power supply circuit 100. In this embodiment, for ease of explanation, DC1 is used to represent the mains power, and should not be construed as a limitation on the mains power.
[0062] An emergency power supply, also known as a backup power supply, includes a solar cell (DC2) and a battery (DC3) in this embodiment. The solar cell (DC2) is a battery used to store solar energy, and the energy storage and conversion from the solar panel to the solar cell (DC2) can be achieved through an MPPT charging controller. The battery (DC3) is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy; in this embodiment, the voltage of the battery (DC3) can be 12V. For ease of explanation, DC2 and DC3 are used to represent the solar cell and the battery, respectively. The capacity of both the solar cell (DC2) and the battery (DC3) can be selected based on the set duration for maintaining the refrigerator's refrigeration components, serving as an emergency power source to power the refrigerator during a power outage, thereby reducing the risk of food spoilage.
[0063] The controller 120 is also the control center of the emergency power supply circuit 100. The controller 120 is connected to the detection module 110 and the emergency power supply respectively. The controller 120 is used to determine the working state of the mains power DC1 based on the comparison signal between the detection module 110 and the emergency power supply. The working state of the mains power DC1 includes power on and power off. When the working state of the mains power DC1 is power off, a power switching signal is generated.
[0064] The switching module 130 is electrically connected to the controller 120 and to the cooling component. The switching module 130 is used to switch the power supply of the cooling component to either solar cell DC2 or battery DC3 according to the switching power supply signal. Among them, the power supply from solar cell DC2 takes priority over the power supply from battery DC3.
[0065] In the emergency power supply circuit 100 provided in this application embodiment, an emergency power supply is used to power the refrigeration components when the mains power DC1 is interrupted. This enables emergency power supply to the refrigeration components, thereby maintaining the refrigerator's refrigeration function and reducing the risk of food spoilage. Furthermore, the emergency power supply is not limited to a single battery, but uses a combination of solar cell DC2 and battery DC3. The power supply from solar cell DC2 has a higher priority than that from battery DC3, which improves energy utilization efficiency and expands the application scenarios of the emergency power supply.
[0066] For example, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2This is a second structural block diagram of the emergency power supply circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. The emergency power supply circuit 100 also includes an emergency power management module 140, which is connected to the solar cell DC2 and the battery DC3, and is also connected to the controller 120. The emergency power management module 140 is used to generate a first start signal to start the solar cell DC2 when the voltage signal of the solar cell DC2 is greater than or equal to a preset voltage, or to generate a second start signal to start the battery DC3 when the voltage signal is less than the preset voltage. The first start signal takes precedence over the second start signal.
[0067] The priority given to power supply from solar cell DC2 over battery DC3 can be understood as prioritizing the detection of the voltage signal from solar cell DC2 and determining whether to prioritize its use based on the ratio of this voltage signal to a preset voltage. Since solar cell DC2 is a clean energy source, prioritizing its use as an emergency power source improves energy efficiency and reduces environmental pollution.
[0068] The emergency power management module 140 is also used to control the solar cell DC2 to charge the battery DC3 preferentially over the mains DC1 when the controller 120 determines that the mains DC1 is energized. This allows for full utilization of the solar cell DC2's power, thereby saving on the cost of generating mains power.
[0069] Furthermore, the controller 120 is also used to switch the power supply of the cooling component to the mains DC1 via the switching module 130 after a set time when the mains DC1 is in the working state of being powered on.
[0070] For example, the logic steps of multi-energy arbitration between controller 120 and emergency power management module 140 can be understood as follows: Controller 120 continuously monitors the output voltage, i.e., voltage signal, of solar cell DC2, which can be achieved, for example, through the ADC pin of controller 120. If the voltage signal of solar cell DC2 is greater than 10V, solar cell DC2 is activated to provide power; if the power of solar cell DC2 is insufficient, battery DC3 is activated to provide power. After the mains power DC1 is restored, controller 120 detects that the stabilization time of mains power DC1 is greater than a preset time, and automatically switches back to mains power DC1 for power supply through switching module 130, while charging battery DC3, thereby preparing for the next emergency power supply. Specifically, after the mains power DC1 is restored, charging battery DC3 can be preferentially achieved using solar cell DC2, thereby improving the utilization rate of solar cell DC2 and saving the production cost of mains power DC1.
[0071] In this regard, please combine Figure 2 And see Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of the detection module in the emergency power supply circuit provided in this application embodiment. The detection module 110 may include a comparator U1, the output of which is connected to a controller 120. The first input of the comparator U1 is connected to the AC mains power DC1. For example, the AC mains power DC1 can be stepped down to 12V AC power through a transformer, and then converted to a smooth 12V DC power through a bridge rectifier and a filter capacitor before being input to the first input of the comparator U1. The second input of the comparator U1 is connected to the emergency power management module 140. For example, the emergency management module 140 can step down the voltage of the emergency power supply to 10V through a step-down module, thereby facilitating comparison with the 12V voltage of the AC mains power DC1. Exemplarily, the step-down module includes a first filter capacitor C11, a second filter capacitor C12, a third filter capacitor C13, a fourth filter capacitor C14, and a step-down chip U2. The first filter capacitor C11 and the second filter capacitor C12 are connected in parallel to the emergency power management module 140. The input terminal of the step-down chip U2 is connected to the emergency power management module 140, and the output terminal of the step-down chip U2 is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator U1. The ground terminal of the step-down chip U2 is grounded to GND. One end of the third filter capacitor C13 is connected to the output terminal of the step-down chip U2, and the other end of the third filter capacitor C13 is grounded to GND. One end of the fourth filter capacitor C14 is connected to a 10V power supply, and the other end of the fourth filter capacitor C14 is grounded to GND.
[0072] When the mains power DC1 is on, the first input of comparator U1 is 12V and the second input is 10V. Therefore, comparator U1 outputs a high level of 5V to controller 120. Controller 120 determines that the mains power DC1 is on based on the comparison signal. When the mains power DC1 is off, the first input of comparator U1 is 0V and the second input is 10V. Comparator U1 outputs a low level of 0V. Controller 120 determines that the mains power DC1 is off based on the comparison signal, thereby triggering the power supply switching signal. In this embodiment, the response time of the detection module 110 is less than or equal to 50ms, which is the time from the mains power failure to the output of the power supply switching signal. The detection accuracy is ±0.5V, which avoids false triggering.
[0073] In order to achieve uninterrupted power switching of the refrigeration components, the switching module 130 of this application embodiment can achieve rapid power switching, and can complete the power switching within 1 second after the mains power is cut off, so that the compressor in the refrigeration components can run continuously without interruption.
[0074] For example, please refer to Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a third structural block diagram of the emergency power supply circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. The switching module 130 includes a first driving circuit 132 and a second driving circuit 134.
[0075] The input terminal of the first drive circuit 132 is connected to the controller 120, the output terminal of the first drive circuit 132 is connected to the cooling component, and the first drive circuit 132 is connected to the mains power DC1.
[0076] The input terminal of the second drive circuit 134 is connected to the controller 120, the output terminal of the second drive circuit 134 is connected to the cooling component, and the second drive circuit 134 is connected to the emergency power supply.
[0077] Specifically, the first drive circuit 132 and the second drive circuit 134 are used to connect the first drive circuit 132 to the cooling component, or the second drive circuit 134 to the cooling component, according to the operating state of the mains power DC1 determined by the controller 120. In other words, the first drive circuit 132 and the second drive circuit 134 are used to selectively connect either the first drive circuit 132 or the second drive circuit 134 according to the power supply switching signal from the controller 120, thereby enabling power supply from the mains power DC1, the solar cell DC2, or the battery DC3.
[0078] For example, the switching module 130 also includes an inverter U5, the input of which is connected to the controller 120, and the output of which is connected to the second drive circuit 134. The inverter U5 is used to start the second drive circuit 134 when the controller 120 determines that the mains power DC1 is in the power-off state.
[0079] For the structural composition of the first driving circuit 132 and the second driving circuit 134, a half-bridge circuit can be adopted.
[0080] For example, please refer to Figure 4 And see Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the switching module in the emergency power supply circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. The first driving circuit 132 includes a first driving chip U11, a first MOSFET Q1, a second MOSFET Q2, a first capacitor C1, a first diode D1, a second capacitor C2, and a third capacitor C3.
[0081] The input terminal IN of the first driver chip U11 is connected to the controller 120, and the enable terminal SD of the first driver chip U11 is connected to the enable signal.
[0082] The gate of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the high-side drive output terminal HO of the first driver chip U11, the drain of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the mains power DC1, and the source of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the high-side floating power supply return terminal VS of the first driver chip U11. The gate of the first MOSFET Q1 can be connected to the high-side drive output terminal HO of the first driver chip U11 in series with the first protection resistor R11, thereby limiting the instantaneous drive current and protecting the driver chip.
[0083] The gate of the second MOSFET Q2 is connected to the low-side drive output terminal LO of the first driver chip U11, and the drain of the second MOSFET Q2 is connected to the source of the first MOSFET Q1. The source of the second MOSFET Q2 is grounded to GND. The gate of the second MOSFET Q2 can be connected to the low-side drive output terminal LO of the first driver chip U11 through a second protection resistor R12 in series, thereby limiting the instantaneous drive current and protecting the driver chip.
[0084] One end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the high-side floating power input terminal VB of the first driver chip U11, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the high-side floating power return terminal VS of the first driver chip U11. The first capacitor C1 can be called a bootstrap capacitor.
[0085] The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the first driver chip U11, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the high-side floating power input terminal VB of the first driver chip U11. The first diode D1 is used to prevent backflow of the first capacitor C1.
[0086] One end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the mains power DC1, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded to GND.
[0087] One end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the first driver chip U11, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the low-side drive circuit terminal COM of the first driver chip U11.
[0088] Both the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 serve as filters.
[0089] For example, the second driving circuit 134 includes a second driving chip U12, a third MOSFET Q3, a fourth MOSFET Q4, a fourth capacitor C4, a second diode D2, a fifth capacitor C5, and a sixth capacitor C6.
[0090] The input terminal IN of the second driver chip U12 is connected to the controller 120. For example, the input terminal IN of the second driver chip U12 can be connected to the output terminal Y of the inverter U5. The enable terminal SD of the second driver chip U12 is connected to the enable signal.
[0091] The gate of the third MOSFET Q3 is connected to the high-side drive output terminal HO of the second driver chip U12, the drain of the third MOSFET Q3 is connected to the emergency power supply, and the source of the third MOSFET Q3 is connected to the high-side floating power supply return terminal VS of the second driver chip U12. The gate of the third MOSFET Q3 can be connected to the high-side drive output terminal HO of the second driver chip U12 in series with the third protection resistor R13, thereby limiting the instantaneous drive current and protecting the driver chip.
[0092] The gate of the fourth MOSFET Q4 is connected to the low-side drive output terminal LO of the second driver chip U12, and the drain of the fourth MOSFET Q4 is connected to the source of the third MOSFET Q3. The source of the fourth MOSFET Q4 is grounded to GND. The gate of the fourth MOSFET Q4 can be connected to the low-side drive output terminal LO of the second driver chip U12 via a fourth protection resistor R14 in series, thereby limiting the instantaneous drive current and protecting the driver chip.
[0093] One end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the high-side floating power input terminal VB of the second driver chip U12, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the high-side floating power return terminal VS of the second driver chip U12.
[0094] The anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the second driver chip U12, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the high-side floating power input terminal VB of the second driver chip U12. The second diode D2 is used to prevent backflow of the fourth capacitor C4.
[0095] One end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the emergency power supply, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded to GND.
[0096] One end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC of the second driver chip U12, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the low-side drive circuit terminal COM of the second driver chip U12.
[0097] Both the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 serve as filters.
[0098] Understandably, the switching module 130 consists of two half-bridge circuits based on drivers and N-channel MOSFETs, used for switching between the mains DC1 and emergency power supply respectively. The sources of their high-side MOSFETs are connected in parallel to supply power to the load, i.e., the cooling components, and their common ground (COM) terminals share the same reference ground. The controller 120 uses the IN control signal to perform mutual exclusion control on the two half-bridges, ensuring that only one of the mains DC1 and emergency power supplies is active at any given time.
[0099] The following will explain the working process of the switching module 130.
[0100] For example, during the DC1 mains power supply phase, controller 120 enables the DC1 mains drive, that is, the enable terminal SD of the first drive chip U11 is at a logic high level, pulling the high-side input of DC1 mains high, that is, the input terminal IN of the first drive chip U11 is at a logic high level. Internally, the first drive chip U11 pulls its high-side drive output terminal HO to the high-side floating power input terminal VB voltage, approximately equal to the power supply voltage VCC, driving the high-side MOSFET, i.e., the first MOSFET Q1, to conduct. The low-side drive output terminal LO remains at a low level, causing the second MOSFET Q2 to turn off. The positive terminal of DC1 mains supplies power to the load node, i.e., the high-side floating power return terminal VS, through the first MOSFET Q1. The load terminal is connected to the common ground, realizing normal DC1 mains power supply. Simultaneously, the voltage at the high-side floating power return terminal VS is 0V, and the first capacitor C1 is charged by the first diode D1, storing energy for subsequent high-side drives.
[0101] In this phase, the emergency half-bridge is in the bootstrap preparation stage. During normal DC1 mains power supply, controller 120 first sets the enable pin SD of the second driver chip U12 to a logic high level, but keeps the high-side input of the second driver chip U12 low, meaning the input pin IN of the second driver chip U12 is logic low. The second driver chip U12 pulls the low-side drive output pin LO high, turning on the fourth MOSFET Q4 on the low side of the half-bridge. The high-side drive output pin HO remains low, causing the third MOSFET Q3 to turn off. At this time, the voltage at the high-side floating power supply return pin VS is 0V, and the bootstrap capacitor, i.e., the fourth capacitor C4, is fully charged, preparing for subsequent emergency high-side drive.
[0102] For example, during the switch to emergency power, the controller 120 first shuts down the mains DC1 drive, that is, the enable terminal SD of the first driver chip U11 is at a logic low level, and the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 are simultaneously turned off, cutting off the mains DC1 path. After a brief dead time (greater than 500ns), the controller 120 pulls up the emergency high-side input, that is, the input terminal IN of the second driver chip U12 is at a logic high level, and the high-side drive output terminal HO of the second driver chip U12 outputs a high level, driving the third MOSFET Q3 to conduct and turning off the fourth MOSFET Q4. The positive terminal of the emergency power supply supplies power to the load node, that is, the high-side floating power return terminal VS, through the third MOSFET Q3, completing the seamless switch from mains DC1 to emergency power.
[0103] For example, during the mains power restoration phase, the controller 120 first shuts down the emergency drive, that is, the enable terminal SD of the second drive chip U12 is at a logic low level, causing the third MOSFET Q3 and the fourth MOSFET Q4 to turn off. The controller 120 then enables the mains drive, that is, the enable terminal SD of the first drive chip U11 is at a logic high level, and pulls down the high-side input, that is, the input terminal IN of the first drive chip U11 is at a logic low level, turning on the second MOSFET Q2. The high-side floating power input terminal VB to the high-side floating power return terminal VS of the bootstrap capacitor C1 is recharged. After charging is completed and the dead time has passed, the controller 120 pulls up the input terminal IN of the first drive chip U11 to a logic high level, causing the first MOSFET Q1 to turn on and the second MOSFET Q2 to turn off, realizing the switching from emergency power to mains power DC1.
[0104] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, Figure 6 This is a fourth structural block diagram of the emergency power supply circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the protection module in the emergency power supply circuit provided in this embodiment of the application. To ensure stable operation of the emergency power supply circuit 100, this embodiment further includes a protection module 150. The input terminal of the protection module 150 is connected to the switching module 130, and the output terminal of the protection module 150 is connected to the controller 120 and the cooling component. The protection module 150 is used to detect the current signal of the switching module 130, and the controller 120 is used to generate a drive adjustment signal based on the current signal to drive the cooling component.
[0105] For example, the protection module 150 includes an operational amplifier U3, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a seventh capacitor C7.
[0106] The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U3 is connected to power supply VCC, and the inverting input is connected to switching module 130. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U3, and the other end is connected to the inverting input. The first resistor R1 is a sampling resistor, connected in series between the emergency power supply and the cooling component, which can convert current into a voltage signal. One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the input of operational amplifier U3, and the other end is connected to controller 120. One end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is grounded to GND. The seventh capacitor C7 is connected in parallel between the output of operational amplifier U3 and ground to filter out high-frequency noise and prevent false triggering.
[0107] The differential amplifier circuit is constructed using operational amplifier U3, with a gain of 2, which means amplifying 1.5V to 3V to match the 3.3V ADC range of controller 120.
[0108] The protection module 150 operates as follows: it performs real-time current sampling to detect the output current of the emergency power supply, preventing overload caused by surge current during compressor startup in the refrigeration unit. It also enables dynamic PWM regulation, dynamically adjusting the PWM duty cycle via controller 120 to limit the maximum output current to less than or equal to 15A. Furthermore, it provides overcurrent protection; if the current exceeds the limit for 500ms, the emergency power supply is forcibly disconnected.
[0109] The control logic of controller 120 is as follows: PWM regulation is implemented. Controller 120 calculates the current in real time based on the ADC value and adjusts the PWM duty cycle using a PID algorithm to limit the current within 15A. If the current exceeds 15A for 500ms, controller 120 cuts off the emergency power supply and sends a signal to controller 120.
[0110] It should be noted that since both the solar cell DC2 and the battery DC3 have a voltage of 12V, which cannot meet the power supply requirements of the cooling components, an inverter circuit module is also provided for the emergency power supply. This module can output 220V AC power to match the power demand of the load, i.e., the cooling components.
[0111] In the emergency power supply circuit 100 provided in this embodiment, an emergency power source is used to supply power to the refrigeration components when the mains power DC1 is interrupted. This enables emergency power supply to the refrigeration components, thereby maintaining the refrigerator's refrigeration function and reducing the risk of food spoilage. Furthermore, the emergency power source is not limited to a single battery, but uses a combination of solar cell DC2 and battery DC3. The power supply priority of solar cell DC2 is higher than that of battery DC3, which improves energy utilization efficiency and expands the application scenarios of the emergency power source. The switching module 130 can quickly switch between mains power and the emergency power source and adaptively adjust the output power to ensure continuous operation of the refrigeration components. It also supports priority management of multiple energy sources, including solar cells and batteries, significantly reducing energy consumption and operating costs.
[0112] In this embodiment, the emergency power supply circuit 100 employs a high-speed electronic switch, enabling rapid switching within one second, compared to over five seconds for traditional relays. This ensures uninterrupted compressor operation of the refrigeration unit. Furthermore, the switching module 130 incorporates a pre-charging mechanism with a bootstrap capacitor for seamless switching. Dynamic PWM current limiting allows the controller 120 to adjust the PWM duty cycle in real-time, limiting the current to within 15A to adapt to load changes. Additionally, multi-energy priority management is implemented; the controller 120 automatically switches power based on the solar cell voltage, with a 30-second delay before switching back after mains power restoration, extending battery life and saving up to 30% in energy.
[0113] This application also provides a refrigerator, which includes the aforementioned emergency power supply circuit and refrigeration component. The emergency power supply circuit is electrically connected to the refrigeration component, and the emergency power supply circuit can be referred to the above description, which will not be repeated here. Since this refrigerator adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0114] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.
[0115] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.
[0116] The emergency power supply circuit and refrigerator provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
Claims
1. An emergency power supply circuit, applied to a refrigerator, the refrigerator including a refrigeration component; characterized in that, The emergency power supply circuit includes: A detection module is connected to the mains power supply, and the detection module is used to detect the working status of the mains power supply; Emergency power supplies, including solar panels and batteries; The controller is connected to the detection module and the emergency power supply respectively. The controller is used to determine the working state of the mains power according to the comparison signal of the detection module and the emergency power supply, and generate a power supply switching signal when the working state of the mains power is power failure. A switching module is electrically connected to the controller and to the cooling component. The switching module is used to switch the power supply of the cooling component to the solar cell or the battery according to the switching power supply signal, and the power supply of the solar cell takes priority over the power supply of the battery.
2. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergency power supply circuit also includes: An emergency power management module is connected to the solar cell and the battery, and to the controller. The emergency power management module is used to generate a first start signal to start the solar cell when the voltage signal of the solar cell is greater than or equal to a preset voltage, or to generate a second start signal to start the battery when the voltage signal is less than the preset voltage.
3. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The emergency power management module is also used to control the solar cell to charge the battery before the mains power when the controller determines that the mains power is in a restored state.
4. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is also used to switch the power supply of the cooling component to the mains power after a set time when the mains power is in the working state of being powered on.
5. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes: A first driving circuit has its input terminal connected to the controller and its output terminal connected to the refrigeration component, and the first driving circuit is connected to the mains power. The second drive circuit has its input terminal connected to the controller and its output terminal connected to the refrigeration component, and the second drive circuit is connected to the emergency power supply. The first drive circuit and the second drive circuit are used to connect the first drive circuit to the cooling component or the second drive circuit to the cooling component according to the working state of the mains power determined by the controller.
6. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The switching module further includes: An inverter, whose input is connected to the controller and whose output is connected to the second drive circuit, is used to activate the second drive circuit when the controller determines that the mains power is off.
7. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first driving circuit includes: The first driver chip has its input terminal connected to the controller and its enable terminal connected to an enable signal. The first MOS transistor has its gate connected to the high-side drive output terminal of the first driver chip, its drain connected to the mains power, and its source connected to the high-side floating power return terminal of the first driver chip. The second MOS transistor has its gate connected to the low-side drive output terminal of the first driver chip, its drain connected to the source of the first MOS transistor, and its source grounded. The first capacitor has one end connected to the high-side floating power input terminal of the first driver chip, and the other end connected to the high-side floating power return terminal of the first driver chip.
8. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first driving circuit further includes: The first diode has its anode connected to the power supply terminal of the first driver chip and its cathode connected to the high-side floating power input terminal of the first driver chip. The second capacitor has one end connected to the mains power and the other end grounded. The third capacitor has one end connected to the power supply terminal of the first driver chip and the other end connected to the low-side drive circuit terminal of the first driver chip.
9. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second driving circuit includes: The second driver chip has its input terminal connected to the controller and its enable terminal connected to an enable signal. The third MOSFET has its gate connected to the high-side drive output terminal of the second driver chip, its drain connected to the emergency power supply, and its source connected to the high-side floating power return terminal of the second driver chip. The fourth MOS transistor has its gate connected to the low-side drive output terminal of the second driver chip, its drain connected to the source of the third MOS transistor, and its source grounded. The fourth capacitor has one end connected to the high-side floating power input terminal of the second driver chip, and the other end connected to the high-side floating power return terminal of the second driver chip.
10. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second driving circuit also includes: The second diode has its anode connected to the power supply terminal of the second driver chip and its cathode connected to the high-side floating power input terminal of the second driver chip. The fifth capacitor has one end connected to the emergency power supply and the other end grounded. The sixth capacitor has one end connected to the power supply terminal of the second driver chip and the other end connected to the low-side drive circuit terminal of the second driver chip.
11. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The emergency power supply circuit also includes: A protection module is provided, with its input connected to the switching module and its output connected to the controller and the cooling component. The protection module is used to detect the current signal of the switching module, and the controller is used to generate a drive adjustment signal based on the current signal to drive the cooling component.
12. The emergency power supply circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that, The protection module includes: An operational amplifier, with its non-inverting input connected to a power supply and its inverting input connected to the switching module; The first resistor has one end connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and the other end connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. The second resistor has one end connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier and the other end connected to the controller; The seventh capacitor has one end connected to the other end of the second resistor, and the other end grounded.
13. A refrigerator, characterized in that, include: Refrigeration components; The emergency power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the emergency power supply circuit is electrically connected to the refrigeration component.