Dam and slope settlement displacement monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses dam, slope settlement displacement monitoring equipment, including fixed inclinometer, GNSS reference station and GNSS monitoring station, and fixed inclinometer is respectively pre -buried with one in embankment top road underground, dam underground, and GNSS reference station is buried in the base point department on embankment top road and is correspondingly arranged with the fixed inclinometer of being located embankment top road underground, and GNSS monitoring station is buried in the survey point department on the original embankment axis and is correspondingly arranged with the fixed inclinometer of being located dam underground, through the double monitoring mode of combining fixed inclinometer and GNSS reference station, GNSS monitoring station, realize the comprehensive capture of dam, slope different position settlement displacement, improve the integrity and accuracy of monitoring, through the design adaptation structure body's natural deformation of connecting piece and pulley set, avoid the damage of equipment because of deformation, prolong the service life of equipment, ensure the continuity of long -term monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of monitoring engineering technology, and in particular to monitoring equipment for settlement and displacement of dams and slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Dams and slopes are important engineering and geological structures, and their settlement and displacement directly affect the safety of surrounding personnel and the stability of the project operation. Under the influence of changes in the natural environment, the evolution of geological conditions, and long-term loads, these structures are prone to gradual deformation. If these changes are not detected in time, they may lead to safety accidents such as instability and landslides.

[0003] The existing patent document with publication number CN114485512B discloses a deep displacement monitoring device with wireless signal transmission. It realizes wireless data transmission of deep displacement monitoring devices in construction sites through wireless narrowband self-organizing network communication, eliminating the need for cable laying and effectively avoiding the risk of cable damage.

[0004] However, the aforementioned deep displacement monitoring equipment relies on only a single monitoring method, making it difficult to comprehensively capture the complex settlement and displacement states of dams and slopes; the connection structure between sensors lacks flexibility, and when the structure undergoes minor deformation, it can easily lead to sensor displacement or damage, affecting the continuity of monitoring.

[0005] Therefore, monitoring equipment for settlement and displacement of dams and slopes is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a monitoring device for settlement and displacement of dams and slopes to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0008] The dam and slope settlement and displacement monitoring equipment includes a fixed inclinometer, a GNSS reference station, and a GNSS monitoring station. One fixed inclinometer is pre-buried underground on the dam crest road and another underground on the dam itself. The GNSS reference station is buried at a base point on the dam crest road and is correspondingly set up with the fixed inclinometer located underground on the dam crest road. The GNSS monitoring station is buried at a measuring point on the original dam axis and is correspondingly set up with the fixed inclinometer located underground on the dam itself. Wherein:

[0009] The fixed inclinometer includes an inclinometer tube buried underground. The inner cavity of the inclinometer tube is provided with a plurality of sensors along its axial direction. The plurality of sensors are connected in series by cables. The GNSS reference station and the GNSS monitoring station are respectively electrically connected to the corresponding sensors in the inclinometer tube by cables. A connector is provided between two adjacent sensors.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the inclinometer tube includes a tube body buried along the center line of the inclinometer hole and open at both the top and bottom. The top and bottom of the tube body are fixedly connected with tube caps, and the sensor and connector are located in the inner cavity of the tube body.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the tube cap at the top is provided with a wire hole for the cable to pass through.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the connector includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod located in the inner cavity of the tube and arranged vertically. A universal joint is installed between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. The top end of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjacent sensor, and the bottom end of the second connecting rod is located at the top of the adjacent sensor.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a pulley system is provided between the bottom end of the second connecting rod and the adjacent sensor, wherein:

[0014] The pulley assembly includes a support installed between the second connecting rod and the adjacent sensor. A first pulley is rotatably connected to one side of the inner cavity of the support, and a bracket is installed on the other side of the inner cavity of the support. A second pulley is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the bracket. Both the second pulley and the first pulley are slidably connected to the inner wall surface of the tube.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the first pulley and the second pulley are arranged opposite to each other, and the diameter of the second pulley is smaller than the diameter of the first pulley.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the inner cavity of the support and bracket forms a channel for the cable to pass through.

[0017] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This application achieves comprehensive capture of settlement displacement at different locations on dams and slopes by combining a fixed inclinometer with a GNSS reference station and a GNSS monitoring station, thereby improving the integrity and accuracy of monitoring. The design of the connectors and pulley blocks adapts to the natural deformation of the structure, avoiding damage to the equipment due to deformation, extending the service life of the equipment, and ensuring the continuity of long-term monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural monitoring arrangement of the fixed inclinometer of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fixed inclinometer of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the fixed inclinometer of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the GNSS reference station structure of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the GNSS monitoring station structure of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Base point; 2. Measuring point; 100. Fixed inclinometer; 110. Inclinometer tube; 111. Tube body; 112. Tube cover; 120. Sensor; 130. Connector; 131. First connecting rod; 132. Second connecting rod; 133. Universal joint; 134. Support; 135. First pulley; 136. Bracket; 137. Second pulley; 200. GNSS reference station; 300. GNSS monitoring station. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-5 This utility model provides a dam and slope settlement and displacement monitoring device, including a fixed inclinometer 100, a GNSS reference station 200, and a GNSS monitoring station 300. One fixed inclinometer 100 is pre-buried underground on the dam crest road and another underground on the dam. The GNSS reference station 200 is buried at base point 1 on the dam crest road and is correspondingly set up with the fixed inclinometer 100 located underground on the dam crest road. The GNSS monitoring station 300 is buried at measuring point 2 on the original dam axis and is correspondingly set up with the fixed inclinometer 100 located underground on the dam, realizing the linkage between underground and surface monitoring and comprehensively covering the monitoring area. The fixed inclinometer 100 includes an inclinometer tube buried underground. 110. The inner cavity of the inclinometer tube 110 is equipped with several sensors 120 along its axial direction. The sensors 120 are connected in series by cables. The GNSS reference station 200 and the GNSS monitoring station 300 are respectively electrically connected to the corresponding sensors 120 in the inclinometer tube 110 by cables. The series design of the sensors 120 ensures synchronous data transmission. The GNSS equipment and the inclinometer 100 are set up accordingly to provide a positioning reference for the monitoring data and improve the reference value of the data. A connector 130 is provided between two adjacent sensors 120. The setting of the connector 130 enhances the connection stability between the sensors 120 and avoids the sensors 120 from falling off or shifting due to structural deformation.

[0027] The inclinometer tube 110 includes a tube body 111 buried along the center line of the inclinometer hole and open at both the top and bottom. The inclinometer tube 110 is buried along the center line of the inclinometer hole to ensure that the sensor 120 monitors the direction accurately and conforms to the actual deformation trajectory of the structure. The top and bottom of the tube body 111 are fixedly connected with tube caps 112, which provide sealing protection and prevent external impurities such as soil and water from entering the tube, thus protecting the sensor 120 and the connector 130 from contamination or damage. The sensor 120 and the connector 130 are both located in the inner cavity of the tube body 111.

[0028] The top cap 112 has a wire hole for the cable to pass through. The wire hole provides a dedicated passage for the cable, which ensures that the cable can be connected smoothly without compromising the sealing performance of the tube body 111, thus balancing practicality and protection.

[0029] The connector 130 includes a first connecting rod 131 and a second connecting rod 132 located inside the tube body 111 and arranged vertically. A universal joint 133 is installed between the first connecting rod 131 and the second connecting rod 132, which can flexibly adapt to the multi-angle deformation of the structure and avoid the connection part from breaking due to rigid constraints. The top end of the first connecting rod 131 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjacent sensor 120, and the bottom end of the second connecting rod 132 is located at the top of the adjacent sensor 120, ensuring that the sensor 120 remains relatively stable during deformation and ensuring the continuity and accuracy of monitoring data.

[0030] The second connecting rod 132 is connected to the adjacent sensor 120 by a pulley assembly. The pulley assembly includes a support 134 installed between the second connecting rod 132 and the adjacent sensor 120. A first pulley 135 is rotatably connected to one side of the inner cavity of the support 134 via a bearing. A bracket 136 is installed on the other side of the inner cavity of the support 134. A second pulley 137 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the bracket 136 via a bearing. Both the second pulley 137 and the first pulley 135 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the tube 111, reducing frictional loss between the connecting piece 130 and the tube 111 when the connecting piece 130 moves, protecting the inner wall of the tube 111 and the equipment components. The structural design of the pulley assembly assists the sensor 120 to move synchronously with the deformation of the structure, avoiding additional stress on the sensor 120 and improving the stability of equipment operation.

[0031] The first pulley 135 and the second pulley 137 are arranged opposite each other, and the diameter of the second pulley 137 is smaller than the diameter of the first pulley 135. This optimizes the adaptability of the sliding contact, better fits the inner wall curvature of the tube 111, improves the smoothness of sliding, and the differentiated diameter design adapts to the internal space of the tube 111, avoiding interference between the pulleys or between the pulleys and the cable.

[0032] The inner cavities of the support 134 and the bracket 136 form a channel for the cable to pass through, providing a regular arrangement space for the cable, avoiding the cable from being messily tangled in the tube 111, reducing the risk of cable wear or breakage, and the orderly installation of the cable can reduce signal transmission interference and ensure stable and efficient data transmission.

[0033] The GNSS reference station 200 can be a model S6ⅡA GNSS reference station manufactured by UniStrong, supporting BeiDou (B1I / B2I / B3I, etc.), GPS, and GLONASS full constellation positioning, and has narrowband anti-interference capabilities; it has a built-in 13600mAh battery (12 hours of battery life) and is equipped with a 7W transceiver radio (10 km operating distance); it has an IP67 protection rating and supports remote monitoring of battery power and satellite search status; the full constellation positioning ensures data integrity and provides accurate positioning reference for the displacement data of the underground sensor 120; it does not require an external bulky battery, making it suitable for field deployment scenarios on dams; it can directly transmit data with the sensor 120 of the underground fixed inclinometer via cable, and its IP67 protection can cope with the complex natural environment of dams, meeting the requirements for long-term fixed duty.

[0034] Among them, the GNSS monitoring station 300 can be the MS100 GNSS monitoring station produced by Hi-Target, which adopts Beidou-2 + Beidou-3 joint six-frequency calculation (millimeter-level positioning accuracy) and supports 20km long baseline monitoring; it integrates "satellite positioning + inertial navigation" fusion technology (Hi-MEF technology) for second-level deformation detection; it supports 4G + Beidou short message dual communication, the whole machine weighs only 3kg (installation completed in 3 minutes), the protection level is IP68, and it has a built-in large-capacity battery (100-day battery life); the millimeter-level positioning accuracy can accurately capture the small settlement displacement of the dam measuring point, which meets the needs of refined monitoring of dams and slopes; the second-level deformation detection and dual communication mode can receive displacement data from underground sensors (120) in real time and report early warnings simultaneously to avoid the risk of delay; the IP68 waterproof and lightweight design is suitable for the humid outdoor environment of the dam and reduces the later maintenance cost.

[0035] Among them, sensor 120 can be a CK-STGR sensor produced by the Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, which is compatible with a standard inclinometer tube with guide grooves and can be connected to the pulley assembly through a stainless steel pipe; it supports monitoring tilt, horizontal displacement, and settlement deformation, and multiple units can be arranged in series along the axis of the inclinometer tube to generate deflection deformation curves; it supports automated data acquisition and is electrically connected to GNSS reference station 200 / monitoring station 300 via cable; it is fully compatible with the structure of "inclinometer tube + pulley assembly" in this application, and can move synchronously with the deformation of the dam to avoid sensor displacement or damage; the multi-unit series design can cover the monitoring needs of different depths of the dam / slope, and the generated deflection curves can intuitively reflect the deformation state of the structure; the cable connection method ensures stable and interference-free data transmission with GNSS equipment.

[0036] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The fixed inclinometer 100 is pre-embedded underground in the road on the top of the embankment and underground in the embankment. The sensors 120 inside are distributed along the axis of the inclinometer tube 110, which can sense the settlement and displacement changes of the surrounding soil in real time. Multiple sensors 120 are connected in series through cables to synchronously transmit the monitored displacement signals to the corresponding GNSS reference station 200 or GNSS monitoring station 300. The GNSS reference station 200 is fixed at the base point of the road on the top of the embankment to provide a stable positioning reference. The GNSS monitoring station 300 is set at the measuring point of the original embankment axis to capture the real-time position information of the monitoring point. The combination of the two can calibrate and supplement the displacement data transmitted by the sensors 120 to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0037] When the dam or slope deforms, the inclinometer tube 110 deforms synchronously with the soil. The connector 130 between the sensors 120 rotates flexibly through the universal joint 133 to adapt to the deformation angle. The pulley block slides along the inner wall of the tube body 111 to reduce frictional resistance during deformation and prevent damage to equipment components. The cable is arranged in an orderly manner through the wire hole of the tube cover 112 and the channel formed between the support 134 and the bracket 136 to ensure that the signal transmission is not interfered with. Ultimately, long-term, stable and comprehensive monitoring of the settlement and displacement of the dam and slope is achieved.

[0038] All parts not described in this utility model are the same as or can be implemented using existing technology. Although embodiments of this utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dam and slope settlement and displacement monitoring device, characterized in that, The system includes a fixed inclinometer (100), a GNSS reference station (200), and a GNSS monitoring station (300). One fixed inclinometer (100) is pre-buried underground on the embankment road and another underground on the embankment. The GNSS reference station (200) is buried at a base point (1) on the embankment road and is correspondingly set to the fixed inclinometer (100) located underground on the embankment road. The GNSS monitoring station (300) is buried at a measuring point (2) on the original embankment axis and is correspondingly set to the fixed inclinometer (100) located underground on the embankment. Wherein: The fixed inclinometer (100) includes an inclinometer tube (110) buried underground. The inner cavity of the inclinometer tube (110) is provided with a plurality of sensors (120) along its axial direction. The plurality of sensors (120) are connected in series by cables. The GNSS reference station (200) and the GNSS monitoring station (300) are respectively electrically connected to the corresponding sensors (120) in the inclinometer tube (110) by cables. A connector (130) is provided between two adjacent sensors (120).

2. The dam and slope settlement and displacement monitoring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclinometer tube (110) includes a tube body (111) embedded along the center line of the inclinometer hole and open at both the top and bottom. The top and bottom of the tube body (111) are fixedly connected with tube caps (112). The sensor (120) and the connector (130) are both located in the inner cavity of the tube body (111).

3. The dam and slope settlement and displacement monitoring equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tube cap (112) at the top has a wire hole for the cable to pass through.

4. The dam and slope settlement and displacement monitoring equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connector (130) includes a first connecting rod (131) and a second connecting rod (132) located in the inner cavity of the tube body (111) and arranged vertically. A universal joint (133) is installed between the first connecting rod (131) and the second connecting rod (132). The top end of the first connecting rod (131) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjacent sensor (120), and the bottom end of the second connecting rod (132) is located at the top of the adjacent sensor (120).

5. The dam and slope settlement and displacement monitoring equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pulley system is provided between the bottom end of the second connecting rod (132) and the adjacent sensor (120), wherein: The pulley assembly includes a support (134) installed between the second connecting rod (132) and the adjacent sensor (120). A first pulley (135) is rotatably connected to one side of the inner cavity of the support (134), and a bracket (136) is installed on the other side of the inner cavity of the support (134). A second pulley (137) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the bracket (136). Both the second pulley (137) and the first pulley (135) are slidably connected to the inner wall surface of the tube body (111).

6. The dam and slope settlement and displacement monitoring equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first pulley (135) and the second pulley (137) are arranged opposite to each other, and the diameter of the second pulley (137) is smaller than the diameter of the first pulley (135).

7. The dam and slope settlement and displacement monitoring equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the support (134) and the bracket (136) forms a channel for the cable to pass through.

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