A one-way device and starter

Abstract

This utility model discloses a one-way device and a starter motor, belonging to the field of starter motor technology. The one-way device includes a gear shaft (5), a slide (2) fitted on the outside of the gear shaft (5), a cover plate (3) and a protective cover (4). The slide (2) is provided with multiple wedge-shaped grooves (21), and rollers (22) are provided in the wedge-shaped grooves (21). A rest position (6) is provided in the wedge-shaped grooves (21). First magnets (221) are respectively embedded at both ends of the rollers (22) in the axial direction. Second magnets (61) are respectively embedded on the axial end face of the slide (2) and the cover plate (3) in the rest position (6). The opposing surfaces of the first magnets (221) and the second magnets (61) are magnetically attracted. The starter motor includes the above-mentioned one-way device. This design can effectively avoid the failure of the one-way device due to spring compression, while saving the internal space of the one-way device, increasing the number of rollers, improving the load-bearing capacity of the one-way device, reducing the failure rate of the starter motor, and extending its service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of starter technology, specifically relating to a one-way valve and a starter. Background Technology

[0002] In a car starting system, the one-way valve is a crucial component. It is installed inside the starter motor and its main function is to transmit the starter motor's power to the engine flywheel in one direction only. After starting, it automatically disengages to prevent the engine from driving the starter motor to rotate at high speed in the opposite direction, which could cause damage.

[0003] Currently, the structure of the slide portion in a starter one-way switch is generally "slide 11 + roller 14 + spring 12", such as... Figure 1 As shown. Because each roller requires a set of spring supports 13, the number of rollers 14 that can be arranged within a given space is limited, thus affecting the upper limit of the one-way valve's load-bearing torque. Generally, a one-way valve can accommodate 6 rollers 14. Furthermore, the springs 12 are typically made of steel wire coil springs, and the spring supports 13 are typically made of engineering nylon. Since the one-way valve is a clutch, its operating condition is intermittent torque transmission, and overload and extreme conditions may occur in actual operation. Therefore, under overload and extreme conditions, the one-way valve may slip forward, causing the rollers 14 to become unstable and eject. In this situation, the springs 12 and 13 will be impacted by the rollers 14, resulting in plastic deformation or even impact fracture, ultimately leading to the failure of the springs 12 or 13.

[0004] In this reciprocating load condition, the fixed fatigue coefficient and compression of the spring and spring support are inherent parameters that cannot be changed. Once an overload impact occurs, their service life is rapidly shortened or they may even fail immediately. If the spring or spring support fails, the roller cannot return to the self-locking starting position, which will cause the one-way valve to slip directly, resulting in the one-way valve malfunction. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a one-way valve and starter motor that can effectively avoid the failure of one-way valve function caused by spring compression, while saving internal space of the one-way valve, increasing the number of rollers, and improving the load-bearing capacity of the one-way valve.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A one-way device includes a gear shaft, a slide mounted on the outside of the gear shaft, a cover plate, and a protective cover. The slide plate has multiple wedge-shaped grooves, and rollers are arranged in the wedge-shaped grooves. A rest position is provided in the wedge-shaped grooves. First magnets are respectively embedded at both ends of the rollers along the axial direction. Second magnets are respectively embedded on the axial end face of the slide plate and the cover plate in the rest position. The opposing surfaces of the first magnets and the second magnets are magnetically attracted to each other.

[0008] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped groove is provided with an overshoot position, and the axial end face of the slide and the cover plate are respectively embedded with a third magnet at the overshoot position, and the opposing surfaces of the first magnet and the third magnet repel each other magnetically.

[0009] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped groove has a narrow opening at one end and a wide opening at the other end in the circumferential direction. The stationary position is located on the side closer to the narrow opening of the wedge-shaped groove, and the overtaking position is located on the side closer to the wide opening of the wedge-shaped groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the roller, the slide, and the cover plate are respectively provided with mounting holes on their axial end faces, and the first magnet, the second magnet, and the third magnet are respectively interference-fitted into the corresponding mounting holes.

[0011] Furthermore, adhesive is applied between the first magnet, the second magnet, and the third magnet and the corresponding mounting holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting holes located on the roller and the slide are blind holes.

[0013] Furthermore, the mounting hole located in the cover plate is a through hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the first magnet, the second magnet, and the third magnet are all permanent magnets.

[0015] Furthermore, eight wedge-shaped grooves and eight rollers are respectively provided to cooperate with each other.

[0016] A starter motor includes a motor, a reduction gear system, a shift fork, an electromagnetic switch, and the aforementioned one-way switch.

[0017] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] The one-way controller disclosed in this utility model adopts a "magnetic slide block-magnetic roller" structure. Since the roller return relies on magnetic force and there is no spring mechanism inside the structure, there is no failure phenomenon such as spring compression, thus avoiding the one-way controller functional failure caused by spring compression. At the same time, since the structural design of the spring and spring support inside the one-way controller is eliminated, space is effectively saved. Under the same one-way controller outer diameter requirement, the number of rollers can be increased, thereby achieving the effect of cost reduction and load-bearing capacity improvement.

[0019] In this invention, since a third magnet is provided at the overrun position of the slide block, if the roller slides or overruns during operation, the roller deviates from the stationary position and moves towards the overrun position. The magnetic forces on the opposite surfaces of the third magnet and the first magnet on the roller repel each other, so mutual repulsion forces are generated at both ends. Within the overall magnetic field of "stationary position - overrun position", once the roller deviates from the stationary position, under the action of the magnetic field force, the roller always maintains a tendency to return to the stationary position, so that the roller returns to the stationary position more quickly.

[0020] Because the one-way valve in this utility model adopts a springless "magnetic slide-magnetic roller" structure, the one-way valve is not prone to failure. Moreover, compared with the prior art, the one-way valve of this application has a higher upper limit of bearing torque, which further reduces the failure rate and thus extends the service life of the starter. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slide block in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the one-way device of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the one-way device of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the middle slide block;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the slide block.

[0026] In the diagram, 11-slide block, 12-spring, 13-spring support, 14-roller; 2-slide block, 21-wedge groove, 211-narrow opening, 212-wide opening, 22-roller, 221-first magnet, 3-cover plate, 4-protective cover, 5-gear shaft, 6-rest position, 61-second magnet, 7-overtaking position, 71-third magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the textual part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a one-way device, including a gear shaft 5, a slide 2 fitted on the outside of the gear shaft 5, a cover plate 3, and a protective cover 4. The slide 2 has multiple wedge-shaped grooves 21, and rollers 22 are disposed within the wedge-shaped grooves 21. The improvement of this application is specifically that: a rest position 6 is provided within the wedge-shaped grooves 21; first magnets 221 are respectively embedded at both ends of the rollers 22 along their axial direction; and second magnets 61 are respectively embedded on the axial end face of the slide 2 and the cover plate 3 at the rest position 6. The opposing surfaces of the first magnets 221 and the second magnets 61 are magnetically attracted to each other.

[0030] The aforementioned structure employs a "magnetic slide-magnetic roller" design, eliminating the need for springs and spring supports within the one-way valve, effectively saving space. Under the same one-way valve outer diameter requirement, the number of rollers 22 can be increased. In this application, eight wedge-shaped grooves 21 and eight rollers 22 are respectively provided, and eight first magnets 221, eight second magnets 61, and eight third magnets 71 (described below) are also provided. Increasing the number of rollers 22 improves the load-bearing capacity of the one-way valve and reduces costs.

[0031] When roller 22 is in the stationary position 6, based on the magnetic design, the second magnet 61 of cover plate 3 and slide 2 and the first magnet 221 at both ends of roller 22 generate mutual attraction and attraction. Since cover plate 3 and slide 2 are relatively fixed, roller 22 will remain in balance under the action of opposite pulling forces at both ends. Moreover, the pulling force at both ends can reach its maximum when in the stationary position 6, so roller 22 has a tendency to remain in the stationary position 6. If roller 22 slides away from the stationary position 6 during operation, under the action of magnetic force, roller 22 has a tendency to return to the stationary position 6.

[0032] Regarding the rest position 6: For a spring-type one-way clutch, in the rest position, the spring pushes the roller, pressing it against the narrow opening of the wedge-shaped groove between the one-way clutch and the gear shaft. At this position, the clamping angle formed on the roller is very small, allowing the pinion to rotate immediately when the starter motor is activated. For a friction plate type one-way clutch, in the rest position, the friction plates are pressed together by a small prestress applied by a disc-shaped spring to ensure that the friction generated after compression can drive the roller and other clutch components. The rest position 6 in this application needs to ensure that the one-way clutch can perform the above functions.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the present application, in a further preferred embodiment, the wedge-shaped groove 21 is also provided with an overpass position 7, and the axial end face of the slide 2 and the cover plate 3 are respectively embedded with a third magnet 71 at the overpass position 7, and the opposing surfaces of the first magnet 221 and the third magnet 71 are magnetically repelled.

[0034] In the technical solution claimed in this application, specifically, the wedge-shaped groove 21 has a narrow opening 211 at one end and a wide opening 212 at the other end in the circumferential direction. The narrow opening 211 has a shorter radial distance, while the wide opening 212 has a longer radial distance. Although Figure 4 The shapes of the narrow opening 211 and the wide opening 212 are not obviously different, but those skilled in the art can understand from common sense that the wide opening 212 is located on the clockwise side of the narrow opening 211. Among them, the stationary position 6 is located on the side near the narrow opening 211 of the wedge-shaped groove 21, and the overtaking position 7 is located on the side near the wide opening 212 of the wedge-shaped groove 21.

[0035] The stationary position 6 is located on one side of the narrow opening 211 of the wedge-shaped groove 21, and the overtaking position 7 is located at the position of the wide opening 212 of the wedge-shaped groove 21.

[0036] If the roller 22 slips or exceeds the working condition during operation, the roller 22 deviates from the stationary position 6 and moves towards the overrunning position 7. The magnetism of the magnet embedded in the overrunning position 7 is exactly opposite to the magnetism of the magnet in the roller 22, so the two ends generate mutual repulsion. Within the overall magnetic field of "stationary position 6-overrunning position 7", once the roller 22 deviates from the stationary position 6, under the action of the magnetic field force, the roller 22 always maintains a tendency to return to the stationary position 6, and the roller 22 can return to the stationary position 6 more quickly.

[0037] Regarding the overrun position 7: For spring-type one-way clutches, when the engine gear ring speed exceeds the starter drive shaft speed, the one-way clutch disconnects the gear ring and drive shaft. In a cylindrical one-way clutch, if overspeed occurs, the friction between the rollers and the gear shaft causes the rollers to roll in the opposite direction of the spring force, i.e., at the wide opening of the wedge-shaped groove. In a friction plate type one-way clutch, when the engine gear ring reaches the end of its stroke after engagement, the clutch components overcome the spring force of the disc spring and move outward along the grooves of the drive shaft, thereby continuously increasing the compression between the friction plates until the friction force is sufficient to generate the required starting torque. The overrun position 7 of this application needs to ensure that the one-way clutch can perform the above functions.

[0038] Specifically, the roller 22, slide 2, and cover plate 3 are each provided with mounting holes on their axial end faces. The first magnet 221, the second magnet 61, and the third magnet 71 are respectively interference-fitted into their corresponding mounting holes, providing extremely high robustness. Furthermore, adhesive is applied between the first magnet 221, the second magnet 61, and the third magnet 71 and their corresponding mounting holes to further secure the magnets.

[0039] Among them, the mounting holes located on roller 22 and slide 2 are blind holes, while the mounting holes located on cover plate 3 are through holes. This is because cover plate 3 is relatively thin, making it easier to machine through holes on cover plate 3.

[0040] Preferably, the first magnet 221, the second magnet 61 and the third magnet 71 are all permanent magnets, which can maintain their magnetism for a long time without needing to be replaced, thus reducing the maintenance cost of the one-way device.

[0041] Example 2:

[0042] A starter motor includes a motor, a reduction gear system, a shift fork, an electromagnetic switch, and the aforementioned one-way switch. It can reduce the failure rate of the starter motor due to slippage caused by one-way switch failure under overload and extreme operating conditions, extend its service life, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0043] Although no drawings are provided for this embodiment, the connection relationships of each part are consistent with the internal connection relationships of a general starter. That is, a sleeve is fitted on the outside of the gear shaft, the front end of the sleeve is mounted to the reduction system through a bearing, the front end of the gear shaft is mounted inside the drive end cover through a bearing, and the rear end of the slide is fixed to the reduction system through a pin. The specific structure of each part will not be described in detail here.

[0044] The one-way valve and starter of this utility model adopt a "magnetic slide block-magnetic roller" structure. The rollers rely on magnetic force to return to their original position, which can effectively avoid the one-way valve failure caused by spring compression. At the same time, it saves internal space of the one-way valve, increases the number of rollers, improves the load-bearing capacity of the one-way valve, reduces the failure rate of the starter due to slippage caused by one-way valve failure under overload and extreme working conditions, extends service life, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0045] In the description of this specification, terms such as "a number" mean one or more. "More" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0046] In the description of this specification, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "setting", "installation", "connection", etc. should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0047] While specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, embodiments of this utility model. These are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of this utility model and without any inventive effort, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A one-way device, comprising a gear shaft (5), a slide (2) fitted around the outside of the gear shaft (5), a cover plate (3), and a protective cover (4), wherein the slide (2) is provided with a plurality of wedge-shaped grooves (21), and rollers (22) are provided in the wedge-shaped grooves (21), characterized in that, The wedge-shaped groove (21) has a rest position (6). The first magnet (221) is embedded at both ends of the roller (22) in the axial direction. The slide (2) and the cover plate (3) are respectively embedded with a second magnet (61) in the rest position (6). The opposing surfaces of the first magnet (221) and the second magnet (61) are magnetically attracted.

2. The unidirectional according to claim 1, wherein, The wedge-shaped groove (21) is also provided with an overpass position (7). The axial end face of the slide (2) and the cover plate (3) are respectively embedded with a third magnet (71) in the overpass position (7). The opposing surfaces of the first magnet (221) and the third magnet (71) repel each other.

3. The unidirectional according to claim 2, wherein, The wedge-shaped groove (21) has a narrow opening (211) at one end and a wide opening (212) at the other end in the circumferential direction. The rest position (6) is located on the side near the narrow opening (211) of the wedge-shaped groove (21), and the overpass position (7) is located on the side near the wide opening (212) of the wedge-shaped groove (21).

4. The unidirectional according to claim 2, wherein, The roller (22), slide (2) and cover plate (3) are respectively provided with mounting holes, and the first magnet (221), the second magnet (61) and the third magnet (71) are respectively interference-fitted into the corresponding mounting holes.

5. The unidirectional according to claim 4, wherein, Adhesive is applied between the first magnet (221), the second magnet (61) and the third magnet (71) and their corresponding mounting holes.

6. The unidirectional according to claim 4, wherein, The mounting holes located on the roller (22) and the slide (2) are blind holes.

7. The unidirectional according to claim 4, wherein, The mounting hole located on the cover plate (3) is a through hole.

8. The unidirectional according to claim 2, wherein, The first magnet (221), the second magnet (61) and the third magnet (71) are all permanent magnets.

9. The unidirectional according to claim 1, wherein, Eight wedge-shaped grooves (21) and eight rollers (22) are provided in combination.

10. A starter motor comprising an electric motor, a reduction system, a yoke, an electromagnetic switch, characterized in that, It also includes the one-way device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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