A kind of mechanical shaft processing slotting device

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of mechanical shaft machining, and one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a grooving device for mechanical shaft machining, which comprises a machine body, a fixed seat and a moving seat, the fixed seat is fixed on the machine body, the moving seat is connected to the inner side surface of the machine body through horizontal linear driving, a fixed clamping assembly is arranged on the machine body, a grooving assembly is arranged on the fixed seat and the moving seat, the fixed clamping assembly comprises two pairs of fixed plates, the two pairs of fixed plates are respectively fixed at both ends of the surface of the machine body, the side surface of each fixed plate is horizontally provided with a telescopic air cylinder, the output end of the telescopic air cylinder is provided with a clamping frame, the side surface of the clamping frame is provided with a pair of reinforcing rods, and the reinforcing rods are horizontally movably connected with the fixed plates. Through the above technical scheme, the technical problem of low grooving efficiency caused by the fact that the existing technology relies on general numerical control machine tools to complete machining is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein relate to the technical field of mechanical shaft machining, and more specifically, to a grooving device for machining mechanical shafts. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of mechanical shafts, grooving is a crucial step to ensure the assembly and fitment of shafts with other components (such as gears and couplings). Specific structures such as keyways and oil grooves need to be machined onto the shaft surface. The accuracy and efficiency of grooving directly affect the assembly performance of the mechanical shaft and the transmission stability of the equipment. With the increasing demand for multi-specification and high-precision mechanical shafts, the shortcomings of traditional grooving methods are becoming increasingly apparent: currently, the industry generally lacks dedicated grooving equipment for mechanical shafts, relying heavily on general-purpose CNC machine tools for processing. This results in low grooving efficiency, severely restricts production pace, and makes it difficult to meet the specialized grooving needs of mechanical shafts. Traditional CNC machine tools are designed with a focus on multi-process composite machining, rather than being optimized for grooving mechanical shafts. When performing grooving operations, CNC machine tools require general-purpose fixtures and cutting tools. For mechanical shafts of different diameters and lengths, the positioning accuracy of the fixtures and the feed parameters need to be repeatedly adjusted. This is especially true when machining mechanical shafts with stepped or irregular shapes, where the calibration process is cumbersome and time-consuming, significantly increasing production preparation time. Furthermore, the operating program of the CNC machine tool must accommodate multiple processes such as milling and drilling, making it impossible to achieve precise parameter matching for the grooving process. This limits the cutting efficiency of the cutting tools and prolongs the grooving cycle. Therefore, the development of a dedicated grooving device for machining mechanical shafts has become an urgent need to improve grooving efficiency and accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0003] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, the embodiments of this disclosure provide a grooving device for machining mechanical shafts, which solves the technical problem that the prior art relies on general-purpose CNC machine tools to complete the machining, resulting in low grooving efficiency.

[0004] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a grooving apparatus for machining mechanical shafts, comprising: The machine body, the fixed base, and the movable base are provided. The fixed base is fixed to the machine body, and the movable base is connected to the inner surface of the machine body via a horizontal linear drive. A fixing clamping assembly is disposed on the machine body; A slotting assembly, wherein the slotting assembly is disposed on the fixed base and the movable base; The fixing clamping assembly includes two pairs of fixing plates, which are respectively fixed to both ends of the machine body surface. Each fixing plate has a telescopic cylinder horizontally arranged on its side surface. The output end of the telescopic cylinder is provided with a clamping frame. The side surface of the clamping frame is provided with a pair of reinforcing rods, which are horizontally and movably connected to the fixing plates.

[0005] As a further technical solution, both the movable seat and the fixed seat have arc-shaped grooves on their surfaces, and both the fixed seat and the movable seat have positioning grooves on their side surfaces, with a sleeve inserted into the arc-shaped groove.

[0006] As a further technical solution, a positioning block is provided at one end of the sleeve, the lower end of the positioning block is inserted into the positioning groove, and the sleeve is fixedly connected to the movable seat and the fixed seat by bolts.

[0007] According to another aspect, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the slotting assembly includes a vertical frame, which is fixed to the surfaces of the movable seat and the fixed seat, and a lifting column is provided inside the upper end of the vertical frame via a vertical linear drive.

[0008] As a further technical solution, a top seat is provided at the top of the lifting column, and an adjustment seat is connected to the top seat through a horizontal linear drive. A drive motor is installed on the adjustment seat, and a tool mounting sleeve is provided at the output end of the drive motor.

[0009] As a further technical solution, both the arc-shaped groove and the interior of the sleeve are semi-circular structures.

[0010] As a further technical solution, a telescopic shield is installed at the horizontal linear drive structure of the movable seat.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the clamping frame has a V-shaped cross-section.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the embodiments disclosed herein are as follows: In this disclosure, the fixed clamping assembly solves the problems of cumbersome clamping and large positioning deviations in traditional clamping through rapid centering and multi-specification adaptability design. The V-shaped clamping frame, combined with symmetrical telescopic cylinders, can automatically center and position the shaft without manual calibration; the reinforcing rod ensures balanced force during clamping, preventing shaft tilting or deformation; the arc-shaped groove and replaceable sleeve adapt to shafts of different diameters, and the positioning block and bolts ensure precise sleeve installation. This structure significantly shortens clamping time, achieves rapid and stable fixing of the mechanical shaft, provides a precise positioning basis for synchronous grooving at both ends, reduces groove position errors caused by clamping deviations, adapts to the multi-specification machining needs of mechanical shafts, and improves machining continuity and accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 This is an isometric drawing of the present disclosure; Figure 3 Appendix to this disclosure Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the middle; In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 2. Fixed base; 3. Moving base; 4. Fixed clamping assembly; 4-1. Fixed plate; 4-2. Telescopic cylinder; 4-3. Clamping frame; 4-4. Reinforcing rod; 4-5. Arc groove; 4-6. Positioning groove; 4-7. Sleeve; 4-8. Positioning block; 5. Slotting assembly; 5-1. Vertical frame; 5-2. Lifting column; 5-3. Top seat; 5-4. Adjusting seat; 5-5. Drive motor; 5-6. Tool mounting sleeve; 6. Telescopic shield. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present disclosure will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.

[0016] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the disclosure; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0017] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure based on the specific circumstances.

[0018] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0019] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure.

[0020] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a grooving apparatus for machining a mechanical shaft is illustrated in one embodiment of this disclosure, comprising: The machine body 1, the fixed base 2, and the movable base 3 are provided. The fixed base 2 is fixed on the machine body 1, and the movable base 3 is connected to the inner surface of the machine body 1 by a horizontal linear drive. A fixing clamping assembly 4 is disposed on the machine body 1; Slotting component 5, wherein the slotting component 5 is disposed on the fixed base 2 and the movable base 3; The fixed clamping assembly 4 includes two pairs of fixed plates 4-1, which are respectively fixed to both ends of the surface of the machine body 1. A telescopic cylinder 4-2 is horizontally arranged on the side surface of each fixed plate 4-1. A clamping frame 4-3 is provided at the output end of each telescopic cylinder 4-2. A pair of reinforcing rods 4-4 are provided on the side surface of each clamping frame 4-3. The reinforcing rods 4-4 are horizontally and movably connected to the fixed plates 4-1. An arc-shaped groove 4-5 is provided on the surface of both the movable seat 3 and the fixed seat 2. A positioning groove 4-6 is provided on the side surface of both the fixed seat 2 and the movable seat 3. A sleeve 4-7 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 4-5. A positioning block 4-8 ​​is provided at one end of the sleeve 4-7. The lower end of the positioning block 4-8 ​​is inserted into the positioning groove 4-6. The sleeve 4-7 is fixedly connected to the movable seat 3 and the fixed seat 2 by bolts.

[0022] In some examples, to achieve rapid centering, clamping, and stable positioning of the mechanical shaft and to avoid shaft offset during grooving leading to groove deviation, a fixed clamping assembly 4 was designed to meet the requirement of synchronous grooving at both ends of the grooving assembly 5. This assembly includes two pairs of fixed plates 4-1 at both ends of the surface of the body 1, providing a stable mounting base for the telescopic cylinder 4-2. The telescopic cylinder 4-2 on the side surface of the fixed plate 4-1 synchronously drives the clamping frame 4-3 to move relative to each other. After the mechanical shaft is placed above the arc-shaped groove 4-5, the telescopic cylinder 4-2 pushes the clamping frame 4-3 to fit against both sides of the shaft. The clamping force of the symmetrical layout makes the shaft automatically centered without manual calibration, greatly improving clamping efficiency.

[0023] A pair of reinforcing rods 4-4 on the side surface of the clamping frame 4-3 are horizontally and movablely connected to the fixing plate 4-1, which can limit the movement trajectory of the clamping frame 4-3, prevent tilting due to uneven force during clamping, ensure that the clamping force is evenly applied to the shaft, and avoid shaft deformation. The arc-shaped grooves 4-5 on the surfaces of the movable seat 3 and the fixed seat 2 form a matching support structure with the inserted sleeve 4-7. The arc-shaped inner wall of the sleeve 4-7 can fit the surface of mechanical shafts of different diameters. By replacing the sleeve 4-7 with the corresponding arc, it can be adapted to the processing of shafts of multiple specifications, thus enhancing the versatility of the components.

[0024] The positioning block 4-8 ​​at one end of the sleeve 4-7 is inserted into the positioning groove 4-6 and fixed with bolts to achieve quick positioning and installation of the sleeve 4-7, prevent the sleeve 4-7 from shifting due to vibration during the grooving process, and ensure the stability of the shaft support position.

[0025] The combination of the arc groove 4-5 and the sleeve 4-7 provides bottom support for the shaft and forms an all-round fixing structure with the clamping brackets 4-3 on both sides. It is especially suitable for long shaft processing and can effectively prevent the grooving accuracy from decreasing due to the shaft sagging under its own weight.

[0026] During operation, the sleeve 4-7 is fixed in the arc-shaped groove 4-5 by the positioning block 4-8. The mechanical shaft is placed on the sleeve 4-7, and the telescopic cylinder 4-2 drives the clamping frame 4-3 to simultaneously clamp the shaft and position it in the center. The cylinder synchronously achieves rapid centering, the arc-shaped sleeve 4-7 is adaptable to multiple specifications, and the reinforcing rod 4-4 ensures stable clamping. All components work together to quickly center and clamp the mechanical shaft, meeting the positioning requirements of synchronous slotting at both ends.

[0027] like Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, the grooving assembly 5 in this embodiment includes a vertical frame 5-1, which is fixed to the surfaces of the movable seat 3 and the fixed seat 2. A lifting column 5-2 is provided in the upper end of the vertical frame 5-1 and is connected to the lifting column 5-2 by a vertical linear drive. A top seat 5-3 is provided on the top of the lifting column 5-2. An adjusting seat 5-4 is connected to the top seat 5-3 by a horizontal linear drive. A drive motor 5-5 is installed on the adjusting seat 5-4. A tool mounting sleeve 5-6 is provided at the output end of the drive motor 5-5.

[0028] In some examples, in order to achieve rapid and synchronous completion of grooving at both ends of the mechanical shaft and avoid the problems of low efficiency and poor coaxiality of the two ends caused by the need for secondary clamping in traditional single-end grooving, a grooving component 5 was designed. This component includes a movable seat 3 and a vertical frame 5-1 fixed to the surface of the fixed seat 2, which are symmetrically distributed to form a double grooving station, corresponding to both ends of the mechanical shaft respectively. Grooving can be performed simultaneously without flipping the shaft, which greatly shortens the processing time.

[0029] The lifting column 5-2 inside the upper end of the vertical frame 5-1 can be vertically raised and lowered through a vertical linear drive, which drives the top seat 5-3 and the tool structure below to move up and down, so as to achieve precise control of the grooving depth and adapt to processing scenarios with different grooving depth requirements.

[0030] The adjusting seat 5-4 inside the top seat 5-3 is connected by a horizontal linear drive, which can drive the drive motor 5-5 to move in the horizontal direction to adjust the lateral position of the tool. This makes it easy to accurately align the tool with the target grooving point of the shaft according to the groove requirements. The tool mounting sleeve 5-6 at the output end of the drive motor 5-5 can quickly clamp the grooving tool (such as milling cutter, saw blade, etc.) to adapt to the processing requirements of different groove types and enhance the flexibility of the component.

[0031] The dual-station lifting column 5-2 and adjusting seat 5-4 can be independently adjusted, which can simultaneously complete the grooving of the same specifications at both ends, and can also adapt to the processing requirements of different groove positions and groove depths at both ends, improving the adaptability of the components. The precision of the linear drive can ensure that the position deviation of the grooves at both ends is controlled within a very small range, ensuring the coaxiality and positional accuracy of the grooves.

[0032] During operation, the movable seat 3 adjusts the distance between itself and the fixed seat 2 to match the shaft length, the adjusting seat 5-4 and the lifting column 5-2 adjust the tool position, and the drive motor 5-5 drives the tool to rotate, simultaneously completing the grooving at both ends. The dual-station operation enables synchronous processing, multi-dimensional adjustment ensures precise groove positioning, and all components work together to quickly groove both ends of the mechanical shaft, meeting the requirements for efficient and precise processing.

[0033] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, both the arc-shaped groove 4-5 and the sleeve 4-7 have a semi-circular internal structure.

[0034] In some examples, both the arc-shaped groove 4-5 and the sleeve 4-7 have a semi-circular internal structure. This structure can perfectly fit the cylindrical surface of the machine shaft, increasing the contact area between the shaft and the supporting structure, making the shaft more evenly stressed, and avoiding excessive local stress that could cause shaft deformation. The semi-circular structure can also provide circumferential restraint for the shaft, and together with the clamping brackets 4-3 on both sides, further restrict the radial displacement of the shaft. Especially during grooving, it can resist the radial cutting force of the tool and ensure the accuracy of the groove position.

[0035] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, a telescopic shield 6 is installed at the horizontal linear drive structure of the movable seat 3.

[0036] In some examples, the telescopic shield 6 installed on the horizontal linear drive structure of the movable seat 3 can extend and retract synchronously with the horizontal movement of the movable seat 3, forming a dynamic sealed protective barrier to prevent dust and debris generated by the slotting from entering the interior of the drive structure. This can prevent dust from adhering to core components such as the lead screw and guide rail, which would lead to accelerated wear or movement jamming, extend the service life of the linear drive structure, and ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the movable seat 3 during adjustment.

[0037] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the clamping frame 4-3 has a V-shaped cross-section.

[0038] In some examples, the clamping frame 4-3 has a V-shaped cross-section. The inclined surfaces on both sides of the V-shape can automatically center and guide mechanical shafts of different diameters. Regardless of the shaft's thickness, the inclined surfaces can guide the shaft to quickly align with the center position, enhancing the multi-specification adaptability of the clamping assembly. The line contact between the V-shaped structure and the shaft can generate a large clamping force during clamping, ensuring that the shaft does not wobble during the slotting process.

[0039] In practical use: Select the appropriate sleeve 4-7 according to the specifications of the mechanical shaft, and insert it into the positioning groove 4-6 of the fixed seat 2 and the movable seat 3 through the positioning block 4-8. After bolt fixing, make the sleeve 4-7 fit the arc groove 4-5. Start the horizontal linear drive to adjust the distance of the movable seat 3 to match the shaft length, and place the mechanical shaft on the sleeve 4-7. Start the telescopic cylinder 4-2 of the fixed clamping assembly 4 to push the V-shaped clamping frame 4-3 to fit from both sides of the shaft. The reinforcing rod 4-4 restricts the tilt of the clamping frame 4-3 to achieve automatic centering of the shaft. Clamp the grooving tool in the tool mounting sleeve 5-6 of the grooving assembly 5. The vertical linear drive drives the lifting column 5-2 to adjust the tool height to match the groove depth. The horizontal linear drive pushes the adjusting seat 5-4 to align the tool with the grooving point of the shaft. Start the drive motor 5-5, and the tools on the fixed seat 2 and the movable seat 3 rotate synchronously to perform grooving processing on both ends of the shaft. After processing, the telescopic cylinder 4-2 drives the clamping frame 4-3 to reset, and the mechanical shaft is removed, realizing rapid clamping and synchronous grooving at both ends throughout the process.

[0040] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure and are not intended to limit it. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this disclosure, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A grooving device for machining mechanical shafts, characterized in that, include: The machine body (1), the fixed seat (2) and the movable seat (3) are fixed on the machine body (1) and the movable seat (3) is connected to the inner surface of the machine body (1) by a horizontal linear drive. A fixing clamping assembly (4) is disposed on the machine body (1); A slotting assembly (5) is disposed on the fixed base (2) and the movable base (3); The fixed clamping assembly (4) includes two pairs of fixed plates (4-1), which are fixed at both ends of the surface of the machine body (1). A telescopic cylinder (4-2) is horizontally arranged on the side surface of each fixed plate (4-1). A clamping frame (4-3) is provided at the output end of the telescopic cylinder (4-2). A pair of reinforcing rods (4-4) are provided on the side surface of the clamping frame (4-3). The reinforcing rods (4-4) are horizontally and movably connected to the fixed plate (4-1).

2. The grooving device for machining mechanical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the movable seat (3) and the fixed seat (2) have arc-shaped grooves (4-5) on their surfaces, and both the fixed seat (2) and the movable seat (3) have positioning grooves (4-6) on their side surfaces. A sleeve (4-7) is inserted into the arc-shaped groove (4-5).

3. The grooving device for machining mechanical shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sleeve (4-7) is provided with a positioning block (4-8) at one end. The lower end of the positioning block (4-8) is inserted into the positioning groove (4-6). The sleeve (4-7) is fixedly connected to the movable seat (3) and the fixed seat (2) by bolts.

4. The grooving device for machining mechanical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slotting assembly (5) includes a vertical frame (5-1), which is fixed to the surfaces of the movable seat (3) and the fixed seat (2). A lifting column (5-2) is provided inside the upper end of the vertical frame (5-1) and is connected to it by a vertical linear drive.

5. A grooving device for machining mechanical shafts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the lifting column (5-2) is provided with a top seat (5-3), and an adjusting seat (5-4) is connected to the top seat (5-3) via a horizontal linear drive. A drive motor (5-5) is installed on the adjusting seat (5-4), and a tool mounting sleeve (5-6) is provided at the output end of the drive motor (5-5).

6. A grooving device for machining mechanical shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the arc-shaped groove (4-5) and the sleeve (4-7) have a semi-circular internal structure.

7. A grooving device for machining mechanical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A telescopic shield (6) is installed at the horizontal linear drive structure of the movable seat (3).

8. A grooving device for machining mechanical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping frame (4-3) has a V-shaped cross-section.

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