A combined operation machine for opening furrows, applying fertilizer and sowing seeds in a degraded grassland without ploughing

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the grassland ecological restoration and no -tillage sowing mechanical technical field, especially relates to a degenerated grassland no -tillage reseeding furrow fertilizing and sowing combined operation machine, aims at the problem that the existing device seed and fertilizer lead to seed burning and the problem that the furrow shovel directly cuts into the turf layer and the big traction resistance, present the following scheme, including support plate, material box, furrow opening subassembly and covering component, the material box bottom end is connected with fertilizing pipe and sowing pipe, and the fertilizing pipe and sowing pipe respectively correspond to set up one covering component, and the covering width of fertilizing pipe corresponding covering component is less than the covering width of sowing pipe corresponding covering component, the furrow opening subassembly includes furrow opening shovel and two slotting blades, and two slotting blades are located at the front end of the moving direction of furrow opening shovel two sides, the utility model discloses through slotting blade pre -cutting grass root and reduces the furrowing resistance, through the front and rear two covering components, realizes the step covering operation mode of first covering and forming the isolation layer after fertilizing, and then covering is completed final covering after sowing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a composite operation machine, specifically a trenching, fertilizing and sowing composite operation machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland, belonging to the field of grassland ecological restoration and no-till seeding machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] Degraded grassland restoration is an important part of my country's current ecological civilization construction. No-till reseeding technology, as one of the core means of degraded grassland ecological restoration, can mechanically reseed high-quality forage seeds into the soil of degraded grassland without damaging the native vegetation. It completes the loosening of soil, ditching, fertilization, sowing, covering and compaction in one go, minimizing damage to the native vegetation of the grassland.

[0003] In the existing technology, various grassland reseeding machines have been disclosed. For example, a grassland no-till reseeding machine disclosed in announcement number CN114600579A consists of a towing frame, a large seed box, a seeding depth control system, a fertilizer box, a small seed box, a seeding and furrowing device, a walking device, and a stubble breaking device. When used with a tractor, it can realize the mixed reseeding of multiple varieties of forage grasses in degraded grasslands and artificial pastures. Another example is a compound improvement method for degraded grasslands and a special grassland operation machine disclosed in announcement number CN102498776A, which includes a cutting component, a vibratory soil loosening and furrowing component, a seed and fertilizer metering component, and a compaction component, enabling integrated operation of root cutting, vibratory soil loosening and furrowing, sowing, fertilization, and compaction. However, the above-mentioned existing technologies still have significant shortcomings when applied to the no-till reseeding scenario of degraded grasslands. First, existing devices mostly adopt the method of applying seeds and fertilizer in the same furrow. After covering with soil, there is no effective soil isolation layer between the seeds and fertilizer, and the fertilizer comes into direct contact with the seeds, causing a "seed burning" phenomenon, which seriously affects the germination rate. While some methods employ separate application of seeds and fertilizers, the width and depth of the fertilizer and seed furrows cannot be independently controlled, making it difficult to achieve truly precise, layered application of seeds and fertilizers. Furthermore, existing no-till reseeding machines lack effective pretreatment of the grass root network during furrowing; the furrowing shovel cuts directly into the sod layer, tearing apart a large number of grass roots, resulting in high traction resistance and high power consumption. To address these technical problems, this application provides a combined furrowing, fertilizing, and seeding machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grasslands. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a combined trenching, fertilizing, and sowing machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grasslands, addressing the problems of seed burning caused by planting and fertilizing in the same trench and the high traction resistance caused by the trenching shovel directly cutting into the sod layer in existing devices.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solution: a ditching, fertilizing and sowing composite operation machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland, including a support plate and a material box, a ditching component and a soil covering component connected to the plate. The bottom end of the material box is connected to a fertilizing pipe and a sowing pipe arranged sequentially along the moving direction of the operation machine. A soil covering component is provided for each of the fertilizing pipe and the sowing pipe. The soil covering width of the soil covering component corresponding to the fertilizing pipe is smaller than the soil covering width of the soil covering component corresponding to the sowing pipe. The trenching assembly includes a trenching shovel and two grooving blades, which are located on both sides of the front end of the trenching shovel in the direction of movement. The soil covering assembly includes two soil covering plates that are rotatably connected to each other. An angle adjustment assembly is provided at the open ends of the two soil covering plates. The angle adjustment assembly includes a base plate and a threaded rod. The base plate is fixed to the open ends of the two soil covering plates respectively. The threaded rod moves through the two base plates. A spring is sleeved on the rod body of the threaded rod located between the two base plates. A rod bolt is threadedly connected to the movable end of the threaded rod.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model: a partition is fixedly installed vertically inside the material box, which divides the inside of the material box into a fertilizer storage chamber and a seed storage chamber; two sets of hoppers are connected to the bottom of the material box, and two sets of slots are opened on the body of the support plate. The hopper body is fixedly connected to the slot, and the two sets of hoppers are respectively connected to the fertilizer storage chamber and the seed storage chamber. Each set of hoppers is equipped with a feeder at the bottom, and the two sets of feeders are respectively sealed and connected to the upper end of the fertilizer pipe and the seeding pipe.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the trenching component also includes a column and a triangular rod. The upper end of the column is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support plate. A vertical V-shaped groove is opened on the side wall of the column. The triangular rod is clamped in the V-shaped groove. A U-shaped bolt clamp is provided on the outside of the column. The U-shaped bolt clamp surrounds and locks the column and the triangular rod. The trenching shovel is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the triangular rod.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a T-shaped rod is horizontally fixedly connected to the front end of the column facing the working direction. The two ends of the T-shaped rod are provided with movable through holes. The upper end of the grooving blade passes through the movable through holes. Locking bolts are threaded to both ends of the T-shaped rod. The grooving blade is locked and fixed in the movable through holes by the locking bolts.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: two vertically arranged connecting rods are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate, and the lower end of the connecting rods is equipped with a soil covering component. The two soil covering plates of each soil covering component are hinged to a rotating shaft, and the two soil covering plates rotate relative to each other around the rotating shaft to open and close.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the angle adjustment assembly also includes a ball socket and a spherical seat. Each base plate has a ball socket, the spherical seat is limited and movable and is placed in the ball socket, the threaded rod moves through the spherical seat, and the two ends of the spring abut against the inner end face of the two spherical seats respectively.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model: both ends of the threaded tie rod extend out of the outer side of the base plate. Tightening the tie rod bolt can compress the spherical seat and spring, and simultaneously control the two soil covering plates to rotate around the axis, thereby adjusting the opening and closing angle between the two soil covering plates.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the support plate is connected to multiple sets of connecting ears on the front side of the moving direction, and the connecting ear plate body is provided with through bolt holes. The support plate is fixedly assembled with the external traction device by bolts through the connecting ears.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model is equipped with a support plate, a material box, a trenching component, and a soil covering component. Along the moving direction of the machine, the fertilizer pipe is located in front and the seeding pipe is located behind, so that the fertilizer is applied to the soil before the seeds. The soil covering component corresponding to the fertilizer pipe immediately covers the fertilizer trench with soil after fertilization to form a soil isolation layer. The soil covering component corresponding to the seeding pipe covers the seed trench with soil after sowing. The two soil covering components realize the step-by-step soil covering operation mode of first covering the soil to form an isolation layer after fertilization and then covering the soil after sowing to complete the final covering. The soil covering width of the soil covering component corresponding to the fertilizer pipe is smaller than the soil covering width of the soil covering component corresponding to the seeding pipe. The smaller soil covering width only backfills part of the soil excavated from the trench for fertilizer coverage, while the larger soil covering width ensures that all the remaining excavated soil is backfilled to completely cover the sown seeds and form a flat seedbed. 2. The trenching component of this utility model includes two grooving blades located on both sides of the front end of the trenching shovel in the direction of movement. The grooving blades contact the degraded grassland surface before the trenching shovel and cut the turf layer from both sides, pre-cutting the grass root network on the path of the trenching shovel to form two parallel cuts. The trenching shovel then moves forward along the two parallel cuts. Since the grass roots on both sides have been cut by the grooving blades, the trenching shovel only needs to overcome the cutting resistance of the soil itself without consuming additional energy to tear the grass roots, which greatly reduces the soil entry resistance and traction power consumption of the trenching shovel. At the same time, the two parallel cuts formed by the grooving blades on the turf layer precisely limit the trenching width of the trenching shovel to ensure the consistency of the trench width and avoid the problem of inconsistent trench width and trench wall tearing caused by grass root pulling during the trenching process. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support plate, the trenching component, and the soil covering component of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the feed box, fertilizer pipe, and seeding pipe of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the column and triangular rod of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the T-shaped rod and the grooving blade of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the soil covering component and the tension angle adjustment component of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the angle adjustment component of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Support plate; 11. Connecting ear; 12. Locking slot; 2. Feed box; 21. Partition plate; 22. Fertilizer pipe; 23. Seeding pipe; 24. Hopper; 25. Feeder; 3. Trenching assembly; 31. Column; 32. T-shaped rod; 33. Grooving blade; 34. Triangular rod; 35. Trenching shovel; 36. V-groove; 37. U-bolt clamp; 38. Movable perforation; 39. Locking bolt; 4. Soil covering assembly; 41. Connecting rod; 42. Rotating shaft; 43. Soil covering plate; 5. Angle adjustment assembly; 51. Base plate; 52. Threaded tie rod; 53. Spring; 54. Ball socket; 55. Ball seat; 56. Tie rod bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 7As shown, a no-till reseeding machine for degraded grassland includes a support plate 1 and a feed hopper 2, a furrowing component 3, and a soil covering component 4 connected to the support plate. The bottom of the feed hopper 2 is connected to a fertilizer pipe 22 and a seeding pipe 23 arranged sequentially along the machine's moving direction. Each fertilizer pipe 22 and seeding pipe 23 is correspondingly equipped with a soil covering component 4. The soil covering width of the soil covering component 4 corresponding to the fertilizer pipe 22 is smaller than that of the soil covering component 4 corresponding to the seeding pipe 23. The support plate 1 integrates the feed hopper 2, furrowing component 3, and soil covering component 4 into a compact composite operating structure. Along the machine's moving direction, the fertilizer pipe 22 is located in front, and the seeding pipe 23 is located behind, with fertilizer applied before... After the seeds are applied to the soil, the soil covering component 4 corresponding to the fertilizer pipe 22 immediately covers the fertilizer trench with soil to form a soil isolation layer after fertilization. The soil covering component 4 corresponding to the sowing pipe 23 covers the seed trench with soil after sowing. The two soil covering components 4 realize the step-by-step soil covering operation mode of first covering the soil to form an isolation layer after fertilization and then covering the soil after sowing to complete the final covering. The soil covering width of the soil covering component 4 corresponding to the fertilizer pipe 22 is smaller than the soil covering width of the soil covering component 4 corresponding to the sowing pipe 23. The smaller soil covering width only backfills part of the soil excavated from the trench for fertilizer coverage, while the larger soil covering width ensures that all the remaining excavated soil is backfilled, completely covering the sown seeds and forming a flat seedbed. The trenching component 3 includes a trenching shovel 35 and two grooving blades 33. The two grooving blades 33 are located on both sides of the front end of the trenching shovel 35 in the direction of movement. The grooving blades 33 contact the degraded grassland surface before the trenching shovel 35 and cut grooves in the turf layer from both sides, cutting off the grass root network on the path of the trenching shovel 35 in advance, forming two parallel cuts. The trenching shovel 35 then moves forward along the two parallel cuts. Since the grass roots on both sides have been cut by the grooving blades 33, the trenching shovel 35 only needs to overcome the cutting resistance of the soil itself without consuming additional energy to tear the grass roots, which greatly reduces the soil entry resistance and traction power consumption of the trenching shovel 35. At the same time, the two parallel cuts formed by the grooving blades 33 on the turf layer precisely limit the trenching width of the trenching shovel 35, ensuring the consistency of the trench width and avoiding the problem of inconsistent trench width and trench wall tearing caused by grass root pulling during the forward movement of the trenching shovel 35. The soil covering component 4 includes two soil covering plates 43 that are rotatably connected to each other. Angle adjustment component 5 is provided at the open ends of the two soil covering plates 43. Angle adjustment component 5 includes a base plate 51 and a threaded rod 52. The base plate 51 is fixed to the open ends of the two soil covering plates 43 respectively. The threaded rod 52 moves through the two base plates 51. A spring 53 is sleeved on the rod body of the threaded rod 52 located between the two base plates 51. A tie rod bolt 56 is threadedly connected to the movable end of the threaded rod 52. By adjusting the opening and closing angle between the two soil covering plates 43, the soil covering width can be controlled to adapt to the soil covering requirements of different degraded grassland terrains. The sleeved spring 53 always applies an outward opening elastic force to the two base plates 51, keeping the two soil covering plates 43 in an outward opening trend. When the tie rod bolt 56 is screwed, it overcomes the elastic force of the spring 53 and pulls the two base plates 51 inward, thereby synchronously reducing the angle between the two soil covering plates 43. The angle between the two soil covering plates 43 can be adjusted by screwing the tie rod bolt 56 once.

[0018] Example 2 Improvements based on Example 1: like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a partition 21 is vertically fixed inside the feed box 2, dividing the interior of the feed box 2 into a fertilizer storage chamber and a seed storage chamber. Two sets of hoppers 24 are connected to the bottom of the feed box 2. Two sets of locking slots 12 are provided on the body of the support plate 1, and the hoppers 24 are fixedly connected to the locking slots 12. The two sets of hoppers 24 are respectively connected to the fertilizer storage chamber and the seed storage chamber. Each set of hoppers 24 is equipped with a feeder 25 at its lower end. The two sets of feeders 25 are respectively sealed and connected to the upper ends of the fertilizer pipe 22 and the seeding pipe 23. It should be noted that the feeder 25 can adopt a feeding mechanism and alfalfa as disclosed in announcement number CN205546499U. The feeding components involved in the grass seeder include a partition 21 that divides the inside of the feed box 2 into a fertilizer storage chamber and a seed storage chamber. The two materials are physically separated within the same feed box 2 to prevent fertilizer and seeds from mixing during storage. Two sets of hoppers 24 guide fertilizer and seeds to their respective feeders 25. The two independent feeders 25 control the amount of fertilizer discharged and the amount of seeds discharged, respectively, to achieve independent and precise control of the amount of fertilizer applied and the amount of seeds sown. The positioning groove 12 provides positioning and stable support for the body of the hopper 24. The hopper 24 is fixedly connected in the positioning groove 12 to prevent the feed box 2 from shifting relative to the support plate 1 due to vibration of the machine.

[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the trenching assembly 3 also includes a column 31 and a triangular rod 34. The upper end of the column 31 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support plate 1. A vertical V-groove 36 is opened on the side wall of the column 31, and the triangular rod 34 is fitted into the V-groove 36. A U-bolt clamp 37 is provided on the outside of the column 31, which surrounds and locks the column 31 and the triangular rod 34. A trenching shovel 35 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the triangular rod 34. The vertical V-groove 36 provides a vertical guide channel for the triangular rod 34. The angle bar 34 can only move up and down along the extension direction of the V-groove 36 and cannot deflect horizontally, ensuring the verticality of the trenching shovel 35 and the straightness of the trenching direction. The U-bolt clamp 37 encircles and locks the column 31 and the angle bar 34. The trenching shovel 35, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the angle bar 34, rises and falls with the rise and fall of the angle bar 34. After loosening the U-bolt clamp 37, the height position of the angle bar 34 can be adjusted up and down along the V-groove 36 to adjust the depth of the trenching shovel 35 into the soil.

[0020] Furthermore, a T-shaped rod 32 is horizontally fixedly connected to the front end of the column 31 facing the direction of operation. Movable through holes 38 are provided at both ends of the T-shaped rod 32. The upper end of the grooving blade 33 passes through the movable through holes 38. Locking bolts 39 are threaded to both ends of the T-shaped rod 32. The grooving blade 33 is locked and fixed within the movable through holes 38 by the locking bolts 39. The upper end of the grooving blade 33 passing through the movable through holes 38 allows the installation height of the grooving blade 33 to be adjusted up and down along the movable through holes 38, realizing independent adjustment of the grooving blade 33's penetration depth. To adapt to degraded grasslands with different turf layer thicknesses, the locking bolt 39 locks the grooving blade 33 into the movable perforation 38 after the grooving blade 33 is adjusted to the target depth, preventing the grooving blade 33 from moving upward or downward due to vibration during ditching operations. The grooving blade 33 and the ditching shovel 35 can be adjusted to their soil depth independently. When the soil depth of the grooving blade 33 is adjusted to be slightly shallower than that of the ditching shovel 35, only the surface grass roots can be cut without disturbing the deep soil, thus maximizing the protection of the native vegetation of the degraded grassland.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, two vertically arranged connecting rods 41 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate 1. The lower end of the connecting rods 41 is equipped with a soil covering component 4. The two soil covering plates 43 of each soil covering component 4 are hinged to a rotating shaft 42. The two soil covering plates 43 rotate relative to each other around the rotating shaft 42 to open and close. The two sets of soil covering components 4 correspond to the fertilizer pipe 22 and the seeding pipe 23 respectively, realizing the step-by-step soil covering operation mode of covering soil after fertilization and covering soil after sowing. The rotating shaft 42 hinged to the side of the two soil covering plates 43 of each soil covering component 4 allows the two soil covering plates 43 to rotate relative to each other around the rotating shaft 42 to open and close. The hinged connection of the rotating shaft 42 ensures that the two soil covering plates 43 always maintain synchronous linkage during the opening and closing operation. The symmetrical arrangement of the two soil covering plates 43 and their hinged connection on the same rotating shaft 42 ensures the consistency of the angle adjustment between the two, so that the covering force of the soil covering plates 43 on the soil on both sides of the trench always remains symmetrical and balanced.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the angle adjustment assembly 5 also includes a ball socket 54 and a spherical seat 55. Each base plate 51 has a ball socket 54. The spherical seat 55 is positioned and locked inside the ball socket 54. The threaded rod 52 moves through the spherical seat 55. The two ends of the spring 53 abut against the inner end faces of the two spherical seats 55 respectively. The spherical seat 55 is positioned and locked inside the ball socket 54 so that the spherical seat 55 can rotate slightly in any direction around the center of the ball socket 54. The threaded rod 52 moves through the spherical seat 55 so that the threaded rod 52 is not limited by the angle deflection of the base plate 51 during the transmission of tension. The spherical seat 55 evenly transmits the elastic force of the spring 53 to the base plate 51. Even when the relative angle of the two soil covering plates 43 changes due to the undulation of the ground, they can quickly return to their original position under the action of the spring 53.

[0023] Furthermore, both ends of the threaded tie rod 52 extend beyond the outer side of the base plate 51. Tightening the tie rod bolt 56 can compress the spherical seat 55 and the spring 53, simultaneously controlling the rotation of the two soil covering plates 43 around the rotating shaft 42. This adjusts the opening and closing angle between the two soil covering plates 43. The operator can compress the spring 53 by tightening the tie rod bolt 56. After the spring 53 is compressed, its two ends generate an outward thrust on the two spherical seats 55. The base plate 51 drives the two soil covering plates 43 to rotate outward synchronously around the rotating shaft 42, thereby increasing the opening angle. When the tie rod bolt 56 is loosened in the opposite direction, the spring 53 extends and pushes the spherical seat 55 to move inward. The two soil covering plates 43 rotate inward synchronously around the rotating shaft 42, thereby decreasing the opening angle. A single tightening of the tie rod bolt 56 can simultaneously control the symmetrical opening and closing of the two soil covering plates 43, realizing stepless adjustment of the soil covering width.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, the support plate 1 is connected to multiple sets of connecting ears 11 on the front side of the moving direction. The connecting ears 11 have through bolt holes. The support plate 1 is fixedly assembled with the external traction device by bolts through the connecting ears 11. The multiple connecting ears 11 are fixedly connected with the traction device at the same time, so that the traction force is evenly transmitted to the support plate 1 through multiple connection points, avoiding the tilting of the support plate 1 and uneven force caused by single-point traction. In addition, the support plate 1 can be quickly attached and disassembled by bolts through the connecting ears 11, which is convenient for transferring operations between different plots of land.

[0025] Working principle: The work machine and the external traction device are bolted together by multiple sets of connecting ears 11 on the front side of the support plate 1. The traction device pulls the support plate 1 forward along the degraded grassland surface. Based on the soil firmness and turf thickness of the degraded grassland, loosen the U-shaped bolt clamp 37 on the outside of the column 31, and adjust the height of the triangular rod 34 up and down along the vertical V-shaped groove 36 on the side wall of the column 31. The trenching shovel 35, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the triangular rod 34, adjusts the soil penetration depth as the triangular rod 34 rises and falls. Then, adjust the installation height of the grooving blade 33 up and down through the movable through holes 38 at both ends of the T-shaped rod 32 and lock it in place with the locking bolt 39. This allows for independent adjustment of the soil penetration depth of the grooving blade 33 and makes the soil penetration depth of the grooving blade 33 slightly shallower than that of the trenching shovel 35. When the traction device pulls the support plate 1 forward, the two grooving blades 33 located on both sides of the front end of the ditching shovel 35 in the direction of movement contact the degraded grassland surface before the ditching shovel 35, and cut and grooved the turf layer from both sides, cutting off the grass root network on the path of the ditching shovel 35 in advance to form two parallel cuts. The ditching shovel 35 then moves forward along the two parallel cuts to cut the turf layer and soil to form a planting trench. Tighten the threaded bolt 56 at the movable end of the threaded tie rod 52. The tie rod bolt 56 presses against the spherical seat 55 and compresses the spring 53. Through the base plate 51, it drives the two soil covering plates 43 to rotate synchronously inward around the rotating shaft 42, thereby reducing the opening angle. Tighten the tie rod bolt 56 in the opposite direction to loosen the spring 53, which extends and pushes the spherical seat 55 to move outward, causing the two soil covering plates 43 to rotate synchronously outward around the rotating shaft 42, thereby increasing the opening angle. The partition 21 inside the feed box 2 divides the feed box 2 into a fertilizer storage chamber and a seed storage chamber. The two sets of hoppers 24 at the bottom of the feed box 2 are connected to the fertilizer storage chamber and the seed storage chamber respectively. The fertilizer falls into the bottom of the seed trench opened by the furrowing shovel 35 through the fertilizer application pipe 22 in front. Under the control of the angle adjustment component 5, the two soil covering plates 43 of the soil covering component 4 corresponding to the fertilizer application pipe 22 backfill part of the soil excavated from the furrow into the fertilizer trench with a smaller soil covering width to cover the fertilizer and form a soil isolation layer. The seeds fall into the seed trench above the soil-covered fertilizer trench through the seeding pipe 23 in the rear. Under the control of the angle adjustment component 5, the two soil covering plates 43 of the soil covering component 4 corresponding to the seeding pipe 23 backfill the remaining excavated soil into the seed trench with a larger soil covering width to completely cover the seeds. This completes the integrated operation of furrowing, fertilization, soil covering isolation, sowing and final soil covering for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland.

[0026] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A combined trenching, fertilizing, and seeding machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland, comprising a support plate (1) and a feed box (2), a trenching component (3), and a soil covering component (4) connected to the plate, characterized in that: The bottom end of the feed box (2) is connected to a fertilizer pipe (22) and a seeding pipe (23) arranged sequentially along the moving direction of the machine. The fertilizer pipe (22) and the seeding pipe (23) are respectively provided with a soil covering component (4). The soil covering width of the soil covering component (4) provided for the fertilizer pipe (22) is smaller than the soil covering width of the soil covering component (4) provided for the seeding pipe (23). The trenching assembly (3) includes a trenching shovel (35) and two grooving blades (33), the two grooving blades (33) being located on both sides of the front end of the trenching shovel (35) in the direction of movement; The soil covering assembly (4) includes two soil covering plates (43) that are rotatably connected to each other. An angle adjustment assembly (5) is provided at the open ends of the two soil covering plates (43). The angle adjustment assembly (5) includes a base plate (51) and a threaded rod (52). The base plate (51) is fixed to the open ends of the two soil covering plates (43). The threaded rod (52) moves through the two base plates (51). A spring (53) is sleeved on the rod body of the threaded rod (52) located between the two base plates (51). A rod bolt (56) is threadedly connected to the movable end of the threaded rod (52).

2. The combined trenching, fertilizing, and seeding machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material box (2) is vertically fixed with a partition (21) inside, which divides the inside of the material box (2) into a fertilizer storage chamber and a seed storage chamber. The bottom of the material box (2) is connected to two sets of hoppers (24). The support plate (1) has two sets of slots (12) on its body. The hopper (24) is fixedly connected in the slots (12), and the two sets of hoppers (24) are respectively connected to the fertilizer storage chamber and the seed storage chamber. Each set of hoppers (24) is equipped with a feeder (25) at the lower end. The two sets of feeders (25) are respectively sealed and connected to the upper end of the fertilizer pipe (22) and the seeding pipe (23).

3. The combined trenching, fertilizing, and seeding machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching assembly (3) also includes a column (31) and a triangular rod (34). The upper end of the column (31) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support plate (1). A vertical V-shaped groove (36) is opened on the side wall of the column (31). The triangular rod (34) is clamped in the V-shaped groove (36). A U-shaped bolt clamp (37) is provided on the outside of the column (31). The U-shaped bolt clamp (37) surrounds and locks the column (31) and the triangular rod (34). A trenching shovel (35) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the triangular rod (34).

4. The combined trenching, fertilizing, and seeding machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland according to claim 3, characterized in that: The column (31) is horizontally fixedly connected to a T-shaped rod (32) at the front end facing the working direction. The T-shaped rod (32) has movable through holes (38) at both ends. The upper end of the grooving blade (33) passes through the movable through hole (38). The two ends of the T-shaped rod (32) are threaded with locking bolts (39). The grooving blade (33) is locked and fixed in the movable through hole (38) by the locking bolts (39).

5. The combined trenching, fertilizing, and seeding machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the support plate (1) is fixedly connected to two vertically arranged connecting rods (41). The lower end of the connecting rods (41) is equipped with a soil covering component (4). The two soil covering plates (43) of each soil covering component (4) are hinged to a rotating shaft (42). The two soil covering plates (43) rotate relative to each other around the rotating shaft (42) to open and close.

6. The combined trenching, fertilizing, and seeding machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment component (5) also includes a ball socket (54) and a spherical seat (55). Each of the base plates (51) has a ball socket (54) on its body. The spherical seat (55) is limited and movable in the ball socket (54). The rod of the threaded rod (52) moves through the spherical seat (55). The two ends of the spring (53) abut against the inner end faces of the two spherical seats (55) respectively.

7. The combined trenching, fertilizing, and seeding machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the threaded tie rod (52) extend out of the outer side of the base plate (51). Tightening the tie rod bolt (56) can compress the ball seat (55) and compress the spring (53), thereby synchronously controlling the two soil covering plates (43) to rotate around the rotating shaft (42) and adjusting the opening and closing angle between the two soil covering plates (43).

8. The combined trenching, fertilizing, and seeding machine for no-till reseeding of degraded grassland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (1) is connected to a number of connecting ears (11) on the front side of the moving direction. The connecting ears (11) have through bolt holes on their plates. The support plate (1) is fixedly assembled with the external traction device by bolts through the connecting ears (11).

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