An assembly type bridge head patch structure based on a combination of guide grooves and positioning pins

Abstract

The utility model belongs to bridge engineering technical field discloses a kind of assembly type bridgehead apron structure based on guide slot and positioning pin combination, including multiple prefabricated aprons being laid on roadbed along road axial direction, prefabricated support plate is laid on the bottom surface between multiple prefabricated aprons, and multiple prefabricated piles are embedded in roadbed in the bottom surface of prefabricated support plate;Prefabricated apron axial both ends reserved butt joint guide slot, the side of abutment towards prefabricated apron reserved corresponding butt joint guide slot, multiple positioning pin holes perpendicular to axial direction are set in butt joint guide slot, and positioning pin is arranged in positioning pin hole;The top surface center of prefabricated support plate is fixedly connected cross boss, and T-shaped recess is reserved in the bottom surface of the connecting end between prefabricated apron, after butt joint, it is cross recess and is in accord with cross boss;Multiple grouting holes are evenly set in prefabricated apron along road transverse direction.The utility model can be positioned in the process of convenient installation, reduce installation workload, when roadbed occurs settlement, grouting filling reinforcement treatment can be carried out to roadbed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of bridge engineering technology, specifically relating to a prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on a combination of guide grooves and positioning pins. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to this utility model and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Under the long-term repeated action of vehicle loads, flexible roadbeds are prone to compressive settlement, while rigid bridge abutments remain largely undeformed. Without a transition structure, this can lead to vehicle bouncing at the bridge approach, accelerating the formation of road surface cracks and potholes, affecting driving comfort, and creating safety hazards. Bridge approach slabs are reinforced concrete slabs located at the transition section between the road and bridge, used to mitigate the stiffness difference between the rigid bridge abutments and the flexible roadbed, and to control uneven settlement.

[0004] Existing bridge approach slabs are mostly cast-in-place reinforced concrete slabs, and their construction sequence is usually carried out after the main bridge structure is completed. This has the disadvantages of many construction procedures, long cycle, and susceptibility to cracking. To solve the above technical problems, the existing technology discloses a precast spliced ​​bridge approach anti-settlement structure, including a bridge abutment and a pavement structure layer. The pavement structure layer is laid on the approach slab structure layer, and one end of the approach slab structure layer is erected on the bridge abutment. The pile foundation structure is connected to the approach slab structure layer. Both the approach slab structure layer and the pile foundation structure are precast structures. Plain concrete layer and crushed stone cushion layer are laid sequentially between the approach slab structure layer and the road base layer.

[0005] The above solution addresses the technical problems of numerous procedures, long cycles, and susceptibility to cracking associated with cast-in-place bridge approach slabs by using prefabricated structures. However, it still has the following drawbacks: The above-mentioned scheme connects the approach slab to several reserved reinforcing bars of the abutment. The approach slabs are connected to each other and to the pile foundations through several plate connectors. This makes positioning difficult during hoisting and installation, and requires the installation of numerous plate connectors, resulting in cumbersome installation work. Furthermore, the precast pile foundations in the above-mentioned scheme are connected to the approach slabs through precast cap beams, which need to be connected to the precast pile foundations on site using cast-in-place concrete. In addition, the above-mentioned scheme involves pouring a plain concrete layer and laying a crushed stone cushion layer below the approach slabs. If the road base settles, it is impossible to treat the road base. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on the combination of guide groove and positioning pin, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art where it is difficult to position the prefabricated approach slabs when connecting them, and when connecting them to the abutment or pile foundation, and where on-site pouring is still required, as well as the inability to treat the roadbed.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on a combination of guide grooves and positioning pins is provided, including multiple prefabricated slabs laid on the roadbed along the road axis, a prefabricated support plate laid on the bottom surface between the multiple prefabricated slabs, and multiple prefabricated piles embedded in the roadbed on the bottom surface of the prefabricated support plate. The precast slab has pre-reserved docking guide grooves at both ends of the axial direction, and the bridge abutment has pre-reserved corresponding docking guide grooves on the side facing the precast slab. Multiple positioning pin holes perpendicular to the axial direction are opened in the docking guide grooves, and positioning pins are passed through the positioning pin holes. A cross-shaped boss is fixedly connected to the center of the top surface of the precast support plate. A T-shaped groove is reserved on the bottom surface of the connecting end between the precast slabs. After docking, the groove forms a cross shape and matches the cross-shaped boss. Multiple grouting holes are evenly opened in the transverse direction of the precast slabs along the road.

[0008] Preferably, a layer of graded crushed stone is laid between the precast support plate and the precast pile.

[0009] Preferably, the precast approach slab furthest from the abutment is connected at the end furthest from the abutment to a crossbeam embedded in the roadbed.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting groove is opened on the side of the crossbeam facing the abutment, and the limiting groove runs through the crossbeam laterally along the road; the end of the precast slab farthest from the abutment is fixedly connected to a limiting block corresponding to the limiting groove, and the limiting block is inserted into the limiting groove.

[0011] Preferably, multiple precast piles are evenly arranged laterally along the road.

[0012] Preferably, the roadbed surface layer is laid on the top surface of the precast slab, and the grouting holes are sealed with threaded plugs.

[0013] Preferably, multiple grouting holes are opened along the road axis in the precast slab.

[0014] Preferably, the docking guide groove includes a double-bond guide groove and a triple-bond guide groove, and the double-bond guide groove and the triple-bond guide groove are docked.

[0015] Preferably, the bridge abutment includes a back wall, with a double-key guide groove pre-set on the side of the back wall facing the precast slab, and a triple-key guide groove pre-set on the side of the precast slab facing the bridge abutment.

[0016] Preferably, expansive concrete is injected into the splice joint of the guide channel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are: This invention features pre-drilled guide grooves at both ends of the precast slab's axial direction to guide the slab to the bridge abutment or to connect with other precast slabs, facilitating positioning during installation. Multiple through-holes are drilled along the road's transverse direction within the guide grooves, allowing for pin insertion and securing of the slab to the bridge abutment or other precast slabs, reducing installation workload compared to existing technologies. A cross-shaped boss is integrally formed at the center of the top surface of the precast support plate, and T-shaped grooves are pre-drilled on the bottom surface of the connecting ends between the precast slabs. After the slabs are joined, the two T-shaped grooves form a cross-shaped groove that matches the cross-shaped boss, ensuring accurate positioning between the slabs. This also serves as a shear key in the road's transverse and axial directions, ensuring stable connection of the slabs. Multiple grouting holes are evenly spaced along the road's transverse direction on the slabs, injecting filling material into the bottom surface of the slabs. This allows for grouting and reinforcement of the roadbed during settlement. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an axial cross-sectional view of an assembled bridge approach plate structure based on a combination of guide groove and positioning pin according to an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a top view of the connection between the bridge abutment and the first approach plate in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is an axial cross-sectional view of the connection between prefabricated slabs in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4 This is an axial cross-sectional view of the connection between the prefabricated slab and the crossbeam in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the connection between prefabricated slabs in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a top view of the prefabricated support plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model; In the picture: 1. Bridge abutment; 101. Back wall; 2. Precast approach slab; 201. First approach slab; 202. Second approach slab; 3. Connecting guide groove; 301. Three-key guide groove; 302. Double-key guide groove; 4. Positioning pin hole; 5. Precast support plate; 501. Cross boss; 502. Cross groove; 6. Cross beam; 601. Limiting block; 602. Limiting groove; 7. Grouting hole; 8. Subgrade; 9. Pavement layer; 10. Graded crushed stone layer; 11. Precast pile. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. This embodiment discloses a prefabricated bridge approach plate structure based on a combination of guide grooves and positioning pins, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes multiple precast approach slabs 2 laid along the road axis on the roadbed 8. In this embodiment, there are two precast approach slabs 2: a first approach slab 201 closer to the abutment 1 and a second approach slab 202 farther from the abutment 1. Precast support plates 5 are laid on the bottom surface between the precast approach slabs 2, and multiple precast piles 11 are pre-embedded in the roadbed 8 on the bottom surface of the precast support plates 5. Connecting guide grooves 3 are reserved at both ends of the axial direction of the precast approach slabs 2, and a corresponding connecting guide groove 3 is reserved on the side of the abutment 1 facing the precast approach slab 2. Multiple positioning pin holes 4 perpendicular to the road axis are opened in the connecting guide grooves 3, and positioning pins pass through the positioning pin holes 4. Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, a cross boss 501 is fixedly connected to the center of the top surface of the precast support plate 5, and a T-shaped groove is reserved on the bottom surface of the connecting end between the precast slabs 2. After docking, the groove forms a cross groove 502 and matches the cross boss 501. Multiple grouting holes 7 are evenly opened in the transverse direction of the precast slab 2 along the road.

[0022] In this embodiment, the pre-reserved docking guide grooves 3 at both ends of the prefabricated slab 2 are groove-shaped structures used to guide the prefabricated slab 2 to dock with the bridge abutment 1, or the prefabricated slab 2 to dock with other prefabricated slab 2, mainly to achieve positioning during the installation process.

[0023] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, multiple positioning pin holes 4 are formed along the transverse direction of the road within the guide groove 3, perpendicular to the road axis. The positioning pin holes 4 penetrate the precast slab 2 and are used to insert positioning pins of the same length as the positioning pin holes 4 (i.e., the transverse length of the road) to fix the docking position of the precast slab 2 with the bridge abutment 1 or other precast slab 2. These holes can be circular, square, or elliptical. In this embodiment, circular holes are used to facilitate the insertion of the positioning pins.

[0024] In this embodiment, the cross-shaped boss 501 at the center of the top surface of the precast support plate 5 is formed integrally with the precast support plate 5 using concrete casting during the precasting stage. A T-shaped groove is pre-reserved on the bottom surface of the connecting end between the precast approach slabs 2 (i.e., the opposite end of the precast approach slabs 2), and the T-shaped groove is also formed integrally with the precast approach slabs 2 using concrete casting during the precasting stage. After the precast approach slabs 2 are joined, the two T-shaped grooves form a cross-shaped groove 502 that matches the cross-shaped boss 501. This is mainly to ensure accurate positioning between the precast approach slabs 2, and also to act as shear keys in the transverse and axial directions of the road, ensuring the stability of the connection between the precast approach slabs 2.

[0025] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, multiple grouting holes 7 are evenly opened in the transverse direction of the precast slab 2. The grouting holes 7 are used to inject filling material into the bottom surface of the precast slab 2. Pipes can be reserved in the concrete during the precast stage of the precast slab 2, mainly for grouting and filling reinforcement treatment when the roadbed settles.

[0026] It is understandable that this embodiment achieves precise positioning during the installation process through the coordinated use of the guide groove 3, the cross groove 502, and the cross boss 501. Through the coordinated use of the positioning pin hole, the positioning pin, and the cross groove 502 and the cross boss 501, the stability of the connection between the precast approach slabs 2 and between the precast approach slabs 2 and the bridge abutment 1 is achieved. By setting up grouting holes 7, grouting treatment is carried out after the roadbed settles, thereby solving the problems of difficult positioning during the installation of prefabricated bridge approach slabs, cumbersome connection work, and inconvenient treatment after the roadbed settles.

[0027] In this embodiment, during the docking process, only the docking guide groove 3 needs to be aligned, and then the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning pin hole 4. Compared with the existing technology that requires a large number of connectors, this embodiment reduces the installation process between the approach slabs and reduces the amount of on-site work. In addition, compared with the existing technology that pours a plain concrete layer and lays a crushed stone cushion layer at the bottom of the approach slab, which cannot effectively deal with the settlement of the roadbed, this embodiment designs grouting holes on the precast approach slab 2, which can be used to grout and reinforce the roadbed 8.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a graded crushed stone layer 10 is laid between the precast support plate 5 and the precast pile 11 to serve as a flexible transition layer. It should be noted that the precast support plate 5 and the precast pile 11 are precast components, and direct rigid connection requires wet connection. Furthermore, direct rigid connection may cause stress concentration at the connection between the precast support plate 5 and the precast pile 11 when the roadbed 8 settles, leading to structural damage or functional failure.

[0029] It is understandable that graded crushed stone is a granular material made by mixing crushed stone particles of different sizes in an optimized ratio. It can be made by using natural crushed stone, machine-made crushed stone or recycled crushed stone through screening and mixing processes. The purpose is to provide a flexible transition layer to absorb deformation energy and disperse stress, so as to avoid structural cracking or connection failure caused by local high stress concentration.

[0030] It should be noted that a graded crushed stone layer 10 is set between the precast support plate 5 and the precast pile 11. When the roadbed 8 experiences uneven settlement, the particle structure of the graded crushed stone allows for small displacements and redistribution between particles, thereby absorbing deformation energy and dispersing the stress transmitted to the precast support plate 5 and the precast pile 11.

[0031] In this embodiment, the precast slab 2 that is not connected to the abutment 1 or other precast slab 2 (i.e., the precast slab 2 farthest from the abutment 1) is connected at the end furthest from the abutment 1 to the crossbeam 6 embedded in the roadbed. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the end of the second approach slab 202 away from the abutment 1 is connected to the crossbeam 6. The crossbeam 6 pre-embedded in the roadbed 8 is a rigid beam structure pre-embedded in the roadbed 8. It can be a concrete crossbeam, the purpose of which is to provide reliable support points for the free end of the second approach slab 202.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, a limiting groove 602 is provided on the side of the crossbeam 6 facing the abutment 1, and the limiting groove 602 extends transversely through the crossbeam 6 along the road. A limiting block 601 corresponding to the limiting groove 602 is fixedly connected to the end of the precast slab 2 (i.e., the second slab 202) that is not connected to the abutment 1 or other precast slabs 2. The limiting block 601 is inserted into the limiting groove 602. In this embodiment, the limiting groove 602 and the precast support plate 5 provide an elevation positioning reference for the second slab 202, and simultaneously restrict the movement of the second slab 202 away from the abutment 1.

[0033] In this embodiment, several precast piles 11 are evenly arranged laterally along the road and located directly below the connection points of the precast slabs 2. This is to ensure that the vehicle load is evenly distributed laterally along the road, avoiding local stress concentration caused by uneven distribution of the precast piles 11, and providing a balanced support foundation for the roadbed 8. In addition, the precast piles 11 are embedded between the connections of the precast slabs 2, providing effective vertical support for the precast slabs 2 on both sides of the connection points.

[0034] In addition, the uniform layout of the precast piles 11 enhances the bearing consistency of the roadbed 8 in the lateral dimension, effectively suppresses the uneven compression deformation of the roadbed 8 in the lateral direction, and optimizes the implementation conditions of subsequent grouting treatment, so that the grout can penetrate more evenly to all areas of the roadbed 8, thereby enhancing the integrity and adaptability of the roadbed 8.

[0035] In this embodiment, the grouting holes are easily blocked during the laying of the pavement layer 9, making it impossible to effectively carry out grouting operations later, and thus preventing timely repair of the settled subgrade 8. To address this, in this embodiment, before laying the pavement layer 9 on the top surface of the precast slab 2, a sealing plug is threaded into the grouting hole. The sealing plug forms a physical barrier to prevent material from seeping into the grouting hole during the construction of the pavement layer 9 and causing permanent blockage. When grouting of the subgrade 8 at the bottom of the precast slab 2 is required later, the sealing plug can be removed.

[0036] In this embodiment, the grouting holes are not only evenly distributed along the transverse direction of the road, but also multiple grouting holes are opened along the axial direction of the road, so that when uneven settlement occurs in the roadbed 8, the roadbed at the bottom of the precast slab 2 can be reinforced in multiple sections.

[0037] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the docking guide groove 3 includes a double-bond guide groove 302 and a triple-bond guide groove 301, with the double-bond guide groove 302 and the triple-bond guide groove 301 engaging and fitting together. Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the double-key guide groove has three slots and two keys, and the triple-key guide groove has two slots and three keys. By connecting the double-key guide groove 302 and the triple-key guide groove 301, an interlaced structure of five keys and five slots is formed at the connection. This can not only enhance the shear resistance of the connection and effectively cope with the high stress requirements under repeated vehicle loads, but also achieve positioning installation.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the bridge abutment 1 includes a back wall 101. The back wall 101 has a double-key guide groove 302 for connecting guide groove 3 on the side facing the precast slab 2. The precast slab 2 has a triple-key guide groove 301 on the end facing the bridge abutment 1 and a double-key guide groove 302 on the end away from the bridge abutment 1. The end of the precast slab 2 farthest from the bridge abutment 1 is fixedly connected to a limiting block 601. For example, in this embodiment, the first slab 201 has a triple-key guide groove 301 on one end connected to the bridge abutment 1 and a double-key guide groove 302 on the other end. The second slab 202 has a triple-key guide groove 301 on one side connected to the first slab 201 and a limiting block 601 on the other end.

[0039] By directly integrating the docking guide groove 3 onto the back wall 101 of the bridge abutment 1, and utilizing the rigidity of the back wall 101 as the core load-bearing component, the precast slab 2 can be quickly positioned according to the docking guide groove 3 of the back wall during hoisting, and then the positioning pin can be smoothly inserted to achieve efficient positioning and reliable connection.

[0040] In this embodiment, expansive concrete is injected into the joints of all the connecting guide grooves 3. Expansive concrete is a type of concrete material that expands in volume during the hardening process. It can be made of sulfoaluminate cement-based expansive concrete or ordinary silicate concrete with added calcium oxide-based expansive agent. The purpose is to actively fill the tiny gaps in the joints through expansion, preventing structural instability caused by the expansion of gaps during roadbed settlement.

[0041] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on a combination of guide grooves and positioning pins, characterized in that, It includes multiple precast slabs laid on the roadbed along the road axis, a precast support plate laid on the bottom surface between the multiple precast slabs, and multiple precast piles embedded in the roadbed on the bottom surface of the precast support plate. The precast slab has pre-reserved docking guide grooves at both ends of its axial direction, and the bridge abutment has a corresponding docking guide groove on the side facing the precast slab. Multiple positioning pin holes perpendicular to the axial direction are opened in the docking guide grooves, and positioning pins pass through the positioning pin holes. The top center of the prefabricated support plate is fixedly connected to a cross-shaped boss, and a T-shaped groove is reserved on the bottom surface of the connecting end between the prefabricated plates. After docking, the groove forms a cross shape and matches the cross-shaped boss. The precast slab has multiple grouting holes evenly spaced along the transverse direction of the road.

2. The prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on the combination of guide groove and positioning pin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A layer of graded crushed stone is laid between the precast support plate and the precast pile.

3. The prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on the combination of guide groove and positioning pin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The precast approach slab furthest from the abutment is connected at the end furthest from the abutment to a pre-embedded crossbeam in the roadbed.

4. The prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on the combination of guide groove and positioning pin as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A limiting groove is opened on the side of the crossbeam facing the abutment, and the limiting groove runs through the crossbeam laterally along the road; the end of the precast slab farthest from the abutment is fixedly connected to a limiting block corresponding to the limiting groove, and the limiting block is inserted into the limiting groove.

5. The prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on the combination of guide groove and positioning pin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The precast piles are evenly arranged laterally along the road.

6. The prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on the combination of guide groove and positioning pin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the precast slab is paved with the roadbed surface layer, and the grouting holes are connected to the threaded plugs.

7. The prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on the combination of guide groove and positioning pin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The precast slab has multiple grouting holes along the road axis.

8. The prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on the combination of guide groove and positioning pin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The docking guide groove includes a double-bond guide groove and a triple-bond guide groove, and the double-bond guide groove and the triple-bond guide groove are docked.

9. The prefabricated bridge approach slab structure based on the combination of guide groove and positioning pin as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The bridge abutment includes a back wall, with a double-key guide groove pre-set on the side of the back wall facing the precast slab, and a triple-key guide groove pre-set on the side of the precast slab facing the bridge abutment.

10. The prefabricated bridge approach plate structure based on the combination of guide groove and positioning pin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Expansive concrete is injected into the joint of the connecting guide groove.

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