Bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of building engineering, concretely relates to a pier protection structure for bridge engineering, including the fender, a plurality of fender are connected through connecting piece, the fender includes the shell body and energy -absorbing subassembly, install a plurality of energy -absorbing subassembly in the shell body, energy -absorbing subassembly includes rubber seat, and the rubber seat inner chamber fills with damping oil, and the rubber seat side surface is provided with damping hole, and the rubber seat outside surface is sleeved with rubber outer sleeve, and the edge of rubber seat, rubber outer sleeve is clamped between the metal pressing plate and the metal cover plate, and the metal pressing plate is connected the metal cover plate through bolt one. When the elastic shell plate of outside is impacted by the running thing or other impact object, the rubber seat is extruded in axial direction and produces elastic contraction, at this moment, the inner chamber of rubber seat reduces and makes it fill in the damping oil flow into between rubber seat and rubber outer sleeve through damping hole, realizes the buffer and absorption to the impact potential energy through the resistance that damping oil flows, realizes the effective protection to the pier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building engineering technology, and specifically relates to a bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of bridge engineering, bridge piers, as the core load-bearing structure supporting the main body of a bridge, directly determine the overall stability and service life of the bridge. During service, bridge piers are susceptible to external forces such as traffic objects and natural impacts. Insufficient protective measures can lead to anything from minor concrete spalling and exposed, corroded reinforcing steel bars to severe structural cracking, reduced load-bearing capacity, and even jeopardize bridge traffic safety. While current bridge pier protection structures in the industry can provide basic protection, they still have the following problems: First, existing rigid protective structures are impact-resistant but do not absorb energy, making them prone to secondary damage. Common rigid protective structures, such as reinforced concrete crash barriers and metal steel fences, withstand impacts through their own strength, but they are essentially rigidly resisting impact loads. When a moving or floating object collides with the structure, although the protective structure can prevent the impacting object from directly contacting the pier, most of the impact energy is transmitted rigidly to the pier itself, causing stress concentration inside the pier. The rigid protective structure is easily destroyed by the impact, and at the same time, the huge impact force is transmitted to the pier, causing serious damage such as pier foundation displacement and pier body cracking. In addition, the fragments generated after the rigid protective structure breaks may also cause secondary hazards to the surrounding waters and roads, increasing the difficulty of accident handling.

[0003] Secondly, existing flexible protective structures suffer from low energy absorption efficiency and unstable protective effects. While some flexible protective measures, such as rubber fenders and inflatable crash rings, possess a certain energy absorption capacity, their energy absorption mechanisms are singular, relying solely on the elastic deformation of the rubber itself or gas compression to dissipate energy. Rubber fenders, when impacted, can only absorb a small amount of energy through the deformation of rubber molecules, and after repeated impacts, the rubber is prone to aging and elasticity decay, resulting in a significant decrease in energy absorption efficiency. Inflatable crash rings are greatly affected by air pressure; in low-temperature environments, gas contraction weakens the protective effect, and in high-temperature or impacts from sharp objects, air leakage easily occurs, rendering them ineffective. Faced with medium-to-high kinetic energy impacts, these types of flexible protective structures often fail to effectively buffer the impact force due to insufficient energy absorption, still leading to damage to the bridge pier surface. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering, which solves the problems that existing bridge pier protection structures either cause energy transfer damage to the pier due to rigid protection and hard impact resistance, or have low buffering efficiency due to a single energy absorption mechanism in flexible protection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering, comprising a protective plate, wherein the end of the protective plate is connected to a connecting member and fixedly connected to the connecting member by bolts and surrounds the outside of the bridge pier; the protective plate comprises an outer shell and an energy-absorbing component; the outer shell comprises two elastic shell plates arranged opposite to each other and fixedly connected; the energy-absorbing component comprises multiple components sandwiched between the two elastic shell plates; the energy-absorbing component comprises a rubber seat; the inner cavity of the rubber seat is filled with damping oil; a damping hole is provided on the side of the rubber seat; a rubber outer sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the rubber seat; the cavity formed between the rubber outer sleeve and the rubber seat is connected to the inner cavity of the rubber seat through the damping hole; the edges of the rubber seat and the rubber outer sleeve are sandwiched between a metal pressure plate and a metal cover plate; the metal pressure plate is connected to the metal cover plate by bolts.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: when the outer elastic shell plate is hit by a moving object or other impact object, the rubber seat is compressed in the axial direction and generates elastic contraction. At this time, the inner cavity of the rubber seat is reduced, allowing the damping oil inside to flow into the space between the rubber seat and the rubber outer sleeve through the damping hole. The resistance encountered by the damping oil during flow achieves buffering and absorption of impact potential energy, thereby achieving effective protection of the bridge pier.

[0007] In order to effectively improve the supporting strength of the outer shell; As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the inner wall of the elastic shell plate is formed with reinforcing ribs in a grid pattern.

[0008] The beneficial effect of this improvement is that the reinforcing ribs can effectively improve the structural strength of the elastic shell plate.

[0009] To facilitate the positioning and installation of multiple energy-absorbing components within the housing; As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the grid shape formed in the reinforcing rib is square, and the inner length and inner width of a single grid are equal to the upper limit of the diameter tolerance of the metal cover plate.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this improvement are: on the one hand, the reinforcing ribs enhance the structural strength of the elastic shell plate, and on the other hand, they provide positioning support for the energy-absorbing components, ensuring that multiple energy-absorbing components are stably positioned and installed in the shell.

[0011] To ensure the stability of the connection between the outer casing and the connectors; As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the connector has two connecting grooves with an included angle of 90 degrees, both ends of the elastic shell plate are formed with side plates, the width of the connecting groove is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the two side plates, and both the connector and the side plates are provided with through holes for inserting bolts.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this improvement are as follows: After the two elastic shell plates are arranged opposite each other and connected by bolts or welding to form a structurally stable outer shell, the side plates at the ends of the outer shell can be inserted into the connecting groove and then locked and fixed by bolts, so that multiple protective plates are stably surrounded on the outside of the bridge pier for protection under the connection of the connectors.

[0013] To effectively ensure the sealing of the cavity formed between the rubber seat and the rubber outer sleeve; As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the metal pressure plate is a ring plate structure, and the rubber seat and the rubber outer sleeve are provided with through holes for inserting bolts. There are multiple bolts, which are evenly arranged around the axis of the rubber seat.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this improvement are: the use of multiple bolts and nuts for fastening can securely clamp the ends of the rubber outer sleeve and the rubber seat between the metal pressure plate and the metal cover plate, ensuring the sealing of the inner cavity of the rubber seat, the rubber seat, and the interlayer between the rubber outer sleeve, and preventing the damping oil from leaking.

[0015] To ensure stable deformation and extrusion of damping oil when the rubber seat is subjected to axial compression; As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the diameter of the rubber seat and the rubber outer sleeve gradually increases from the middle to both ends.

[0016] The beneficial effect of this improvement is that when the rubber seat is squeezed by two elastic shell plates that are close to each other in the axial direction, the inner diameter of the middle part of the rubber seat decreases, so that the damping oil in its inner cavity is stably squeezed out through the damping hole into the interlayer cavity between the rubber seat and the rubber outer tube.

[0017] To ensure the stability of the damping force of the energy absorption components; As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the number of damping holes is multiple, and they are evenly arranged around the axis of the rubber seat and the rubber outer sleeve.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this improvement are: the uniformly opened damping holes can ensure the stability of the damping force, avoid eccentric damping, achieve radial force balance, and effectively improve the working stability and service life of the energy absorption component.

[0019] The parts of the device not covered herein are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective plate in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting component in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell structure in this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-absorbing component in this utility model; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the energy-absorbing component in this utility model; In the diagram: 1. Protective plate; 2. Connector; 21. Connecting groove; 3. Outer shell; 31. Elastic shell plate; 32. Side plate; 33. Reinforcing rib; 4. Energy absorption component; 41. Rubber seat; 42. Damping hole; 43. Rubber outer sleeve; 44. Metal pressure plate; 45. Metal cover plate; 46. Bolt 1. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0022] Example 1: like Figure 1As shown in Figure 6: A bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering includes a protective plate 1. The end of the protective plate 1 is connected to a connecting piece 2 and fixedly connected to the connecting piece 2 with bolts, and is installed around the outside of the bridge pier. The protective plate 1 includes an outer shell 3 and energy-absorbing components 4. The outer shell 3 consists of two opposing and fixedly connected elastic shell plates 31. Multiple energy-absorbing components 4 are sandwiched between the two elastic shell plates 31. Each energy-absorbing component 4 includes a rubber seat 41, the inner cavity of which is filled with damping oil. A damping hole 42 is provided on the side of the rubber seat 41. A rubber outer sleeve 43 is fitted onto the outer surface of the rubber seat 41. The cavity formed between the rubber outer sleeve 43 and the rubber seat 41 is connected through the damping hole 42. The inner cavity of the rubber seat 41, the edges of the rubber seat 41 and the rubber outer sleeve 43 are clamped between the metal pressure plate 44 and the metal cover plate 45. The metal pressure plate 44 is connected to the metal cover plate 45 by bolts 46. When the outer elastic shell plate 31 is impacted by a moving object or other impacting object, the rubber seat 41 is compressed in the axial direction and undergoes elastic contraction. At this time, the inner cavity of the rubber seat 41 decreases, allowing damping oil to flow into the space between the rubber seat 41 and the rubber outer sleeve 43 through the damping hole 42. The resistance encountered by the damping oil during flow buffers and absorbs the impact potential energy, achieving effective protection for the bridge pier. The inner wall of the elastic shell plate 31 is formed with a grid-like reinforcing rib 33, which can effectively improve the structural strength of the elastic shell plate 31. The reinforcing ribs 33 form a square grid, and the inner length and width of a single grid are equal to the upper limit of the diameter tolerance of the metal cover plate 45. The reinforcing ribs 33 enhance the structural strength of the elastic shell plate 31 and provide positioning support for the energy-absorbing components 4, ensuring stable positioning and installation of multiple energy-absorbing components 4 within the outer shell 3. The connector 2 has two connecting grooves 21 with an included angle of 90 degrees. Both ends of the elastic shell plate 31 are formed with side plates 32. The width of the connecting grooves 21 is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the two side plates 32. Both the connector 2 and the side plates 32 have through holes for inserting bolts. The two elastic shell plates 31 are arranged opposite each other and connected by bolts or welding to form a structurally stable outer shell. After body 3 is installed, the side plate 32 at the end of the outer shell body 3 can be inserted into the connecting groove 21, and then locked and fixed with bolts. This allows multiple protective plates 1 to be stably installed around the outside of the bridge pier for protection under the connection of the connecting parts 2. The metal pressure plate 44 is a ring plate structure. The rubber seat 41 and the rubber outer sleeve 43 are provided with through holes for inserting bolts 46. There are multiple bolts 46, which are evenly arranged around the axis of the rubber seat 41. The use of multiple bolts 46 in conjunction with nuts can securely clamp the ends of the rubber outer sleeve 43 and the rubber seat 41 between the metal pressure plate 44 and the metal cover plate 45, ensuring the sealing of the inner cavity of the rubber seat 41, the rubber seat 41, and the interlayer between the rubber outer sleeve 43, and preventing the damping oil from leaking.The diameters of the rubber seat 41 and the rubber outer sleeve 43 gradually increase from the middle to both ends. When the rubber seat 41 is compressed by two closely spaced elastic shell plates 31 in the axial direction, the inner diameter of the middle part of the rubber seat 41 decreases, allowing the damping oil in its inner cavity to be stably squeezed out through the damping holes 42 into the interlayer cavity between the rubber seat 41 and the rubber outer sleeve 43. There are multiple damping holes 42, evenly arranged around the axis of the rubber seat 41 and the rubber outer sleeve 43. The evenly spaced damping holes 42 ensure stable damping force, avoid eccentric damping, achieve radial force balance, and effectively improve the working stability and service life of the energy absorption assembly 4.

[0023] The working principle of this technical solution is as follows: Assembly of the device: Fit a rubber outer sleeve 43 onto the outside of the rubber seat 41. Deform the two ends of the rubber seat 41 by squeezing so that two metal pressure plates 44 are fitted onto the outside of the rubber outer sleeve 43. Use bolts 46 to pass through the through holes of the metal pressure plates 44 and the metal cover plate 45 in sequence to seal one side of the rubber seat 41 and the rubber outer sleeve 43. Then, with its open end facing vertically upward, pour damping oil into the inside of the rubber seat 41. Then, install the metal pressure plate 44 and the metal cover plate 45 on the open end of the rubber seat 41 and tighten the nuts to ensure that the ends of the rubber seat 41 and the rubber outer sleeve 43 are tightly clamped without any damping oil leakage, thus completing the assembly of the energy absorption component 4. Apply epoxy resin structural adhesive to the side of the metal cover plate 45 facing the inner wall of the elastic shell plate 31, press the pre-installed energy absorption component 4 into the grid formed by the reinforcing rib 33, and ensure that the metal cover plate 45 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the elastic shell plate 31. Each elastic shell plate 31 needs to be evenly installed with energy absorption components 4 according to the number of grids to avoid local areas without energy absorption components. Insert the end plate 32 of a protective plate 1 with the energy-absorbing component 4 assembled into a connecting groove 21 of the connector 2, pass a bolt through the through hole on the connector 2 and the end plate 32, and tighten the bolt to complete the fixation of a single protective plate 1 to the connector 2; follow this step to splice the remaining protective plates 1 one by one through the connector 2, and finally surround the outside of the bridge pier to form a closed protective structure. The device works as follows: When a moving object, such as a ship, out-of-control vehicle, or floating object, collides with the protective structure, it first contacts the outer elastic shell plate 31. The elastic shell plate itself has a certain elastic deformation capacity, and it will first buffer the impact load through the bending deformation of the shell plate, reducing the "hard contact" force at the moment of impact. At the same time, the elastic shell plate 31 will evenly transfer the dispersed impact load to the energy absorption component 4 below. It should be noted that the deformation of the elastic shell plate 31 is reversible buffering, not energy absorption. Its function is to evenly transfer the local instantaneous impact to multiple energy absorption components 4, while avoiding the impact load from acting directly on the surface of the pier. When the impact load is transferred to the energy-absorbing component 4, the rubber seat 41, as the directly stressed component, will be compressed in the axial direction, i.e., the direction of the impact load. Since the rubber seat 41 is made of elastic material, the compression will reduce its internal volume. The damping oil pre-filled in the internal cavity will then flow due to the volume compression, flowing through multiple damping holes 42 evenly distributed on the side of the rubber seat into the annular cavity between the rubber seat and the rubber outer sleeve 43. Because the diameter of the damping holes 42 is fixed, and the rubber outer sleeve 43 has a certain degree of elasticity, it can deform and expand outward to accommodate the flowing damping oil. The damping oil will experience viscous resistance as it flows within the channels—this resistance will consume… A large amount of impact energy is converted into frictional heat energy of the oil. At the same time, the shape of the rubber seat 41 with a small diameter in the middle and a large diameter at both ends ensures that the inner cavity volume is reduced uniformly during extrusion, avoiding local accumulation of damping oil that could cause the rubber seat to crack. This ensures that the damping oil flows stably into the interlayer cavity and achieves continuous energy absorption. Multiple sets of energy-absorbing components 4 in the impact area bear part of the impact energy, achieving stepped energy absorption. The metal pressure plate 44 and the metal cover plate 45 are tightly clamped at the ends of the rubber seat 41 and the rubber outer sleeve 43 by bolts 46 evenly distributed around the axis, ensuring that the damping oil can only flow through the damping hole without leakage and ensuring stable damping resistance. When the impact load disappears, the compressed rubber seat 41 will recover its original shape by its own elasticity and the elasticity of the elastic shell plate 31, and its inner cavity volume will expand again, generating negative pressure. At this time, the damping oil in the rubber outer sleeve interlayer cavity will flow back to the inner cavity of the rubber seat through the damping hole under the action of negative pressure, completing the damping oil circulation reset to cope with the next impact.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Specific examples have been used in this document to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the invention; these examples are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be pointed out that, due to the limitations of written expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For those skilled in the art, several improvements, modifications, or variations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and the above technical features can be combined in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, variations, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering, characterized in that: The structure includes a protective plate (1), with a connecting member (2) inserted into the end of the protective plate (1) and fixedly connected to the connecting member (2) by bolts and surrounding the outside of the bridge pier. The protective plate (1) includes an outer shell (3) and an energy-absorbing component (4). The outer shell (3) consists of two elastic shell plates (31) that are arranged opposite to each other and fixedly connected. The energy-absorbing component (4) consists of multiple components sandwiched between the two elastic shell plates (31). The energy-absorbing component (4) includes a rubber seat (41). The inner cavity of the rubber seat (41) contains... The rubber seat (41) is filled with damping oil and has a damping hole (42) on its side. A rubber outer sleeve (43) is fitted on the outer side of the rubber seat (41). The cavity formed between the rubber outer sleeve (43) and the rubber seat (41) is connected to the inner cavity of the rubber seat (41) through the damping hole (42). The edges of the rubber seat (41) and the rubber outer sleeve (43) are clamped between a metal pressure plate (44) and a metal cover plate (45). The metal pressure plate (44) is connected to the metal cover plate (45) by a bolt (46).

2. The bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the elastic shell plate (31) is formed with reinforcing ribs (33) in a grid pattern.

3. The bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grid formed in the reinforcing rib (33) is square, and the inner length and inner width of a single grid are equal to the upper limit of the diameter tolerance of the metal cover plate (45).

4. The bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (2) has two connecting grooves (21) with an included angle of 90 degrees. Both ends of the elastic shell plate (31) are formed with side plates (32). The width of the connecting groove (21) is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the two side plates (32). Both the connector (2) and the side plates (32) have through holes for inserting bolts.

5. A bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal pressure plate (44) is an annular plate structure. The rubber seat (41) and the rubber outer sleeve (43) are provided with through holes for inserting bolts (46). There are multiple bolts (46), which are evenly arranged around the axis of the rubber seat (41).

6. A bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the rubber seat (41) and the rubber outer sleeve (43) gradually increase from the middle to both ends.

7. A bridge pier protection structure for bridge engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping holes (42) are multiple and are evenly arranged around the axis of the rubber seat (41) and the rubber outer sleeve (43).

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