Anchoring rod and "rod-net" reinforcing structure for high slope of mountain wind farm

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of anchor rod and mountain wind farm high slope's " pole-net " reinforcing structure, including anchor head section, grouting section and anchoring section sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the grouting section includes stem, stem is hollow tubular structure, stem is provided with multiple injection ports, stem inside is provided with injection tube, injection tube is double-channel structure, injection tube upper end extends to anchor head section, lower end extends to each injection port, injection tube is fixedly connected with injection port. By being provided with multiple injection ports on the outer wall of stem, and being provided with double-pass injection tube inside stem, urease liquid and mixed solution can be independently injected by the upper end of injection tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope reinforcement technology, and in particular to an anchor rod and a "rod-net" reinforcement structure for high slopes in mountain wind farms. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's new energy sector, the scale of onshore wind farms is becoming increasingly large. As a common type of onshore wind farm, mountain wind farms are usually located on mountain tops or hillsides at relatively high altitudes in order to obtain better wind energy. However, these locations are often surrounded by several high slopes, some of which are tens of meters high. Under the influence of factors such as rainfall and earthquakes, the existence of these high slopes may cause geological disasters such as landslides and mudslides, which is a significant safety hazard for wind turbines during construction and operation.

[0003] Conventional slope stabilization methods, such as retaining walls and anti-slide piles, play a significant role in preventing sliding, but their high engineering costs and time-consuming and labor-intensive construction processes are clearly unsuitable for the stabilization of high slopes in mountainous wind farms. On the other hand, techniques such as grouting and shotcreting and soil nailing walls have a significant impact on the original topography of the mountain and pose a certain degree of pollution, making them unsightly and environmentally unfriendly. Furthermore, general slope greening restoration techniques are difficult to guarantee the internal reinforcement effect of the slope while meeting the requirements of green restoration due to the high slope height.

[0004] EICP technology, or urease-induced calcium carbonate precipitation technology, is a novel soil and rock reinforcement technology derived from microbial reinforcement techniques. Compared to traditional cement slurry reinforcement technology, EICP technology has gradually gained popularity in the field of soil and rock reinforcement in recent years due to its advantages such as easy availability of urease, environmentally friendly reaction process, and significant reinforcement effect. It involves mixing urea, a calcium source, and a urease solution in the soil. Under the catalysis of urease, urea hydrolyzes to generate ammonium ions and carbonate ions. The ammonium ions provide an alkaline environment in the solution, and the carbonate ions combine with calcium ions to form calcium carbonate precipitate, thereby reinforcing the soil. The chemical reaction formulas involved in EICP technology are as follows.

[0005]

[0006]

[0007] Patents such as CN202110726184.X have disclosed EICP technology for reinforcement in actual geotechnical engineering projects. However, existing EICP reinforcement measures mainly focus on localized, small-scale reinforcement areas such as dust control, site soil reinforcement, and cultural relic restoration, lacking research on reinforcement for common medium and large-scale projects, especially for the reinforcement and treatment of high slopes in mountain wind farms. Furthermore, patents such as CN202410938153.4 disclose a slope reinforcement method combining vegetation restoration based on MICP (microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation technology), a technology similar to EICP. However, existing research mainly focuses on slope surface restoration, lacking consideration for the internal stability of the slope. This makes it difficult to achieve a good overall reinforcement effect for higher slopes. Therefore, we propose an anchor rod and a "rod-net" reinforcement structure for high slopes in mountain wind farms, as described in this application. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anchor bolt for injecting urease solution and mixture in EICP technology.

[0009] Another objective of this invention is to provide an anchor rod, a "pole-net" reinforcement structure for high slopes in mountain wind farms.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an anchor bolt, comprising an anchor head section, a grouting section, and an anchoring section arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The grouting section includes a rod body, which is a hollow tubular structure. Multiple injection ports are provided on the rod body, and an injection pipe is provided inside the rod body. The injection pipe has a dual-channel structure, with its upper end extending to the anchor head section and its lower end extending to each injection port. The injection pipe is fixedly connected to the injection ports.

[0011] The injection tube consists of two semi-circular tubes.

[0012] The outer wall of the rod is fitted with multiple layers of adhesive structures at intervals on the top and bottom. These adhesive structures provide nodes for the precipitation of reaction products.

[0013] The adhesive structure is a filamentous structure.

[0014] The adhesive structured metal wire or plastic fiber filament.

[0015] A heating device is also installed inside the rod.

[0016] A temperature sensor is also installed inside the rod, which is used to detect the heating temperature of the heating device.

[0017] The anchor head section includes a sealing head, a gasket, and a grout stopper. The sealing head is screwed onto the top of the grouting section, the gasket is located below the sealing head and is fitted onto the grouting section, and the grout stopper is fitted onto the grouting section and located below the gasket.

[0018] The anchoring section is fixed to the lower end of the rod and closes the lower end of the rod. The anchoring section has a wedge-shaped structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and the width of the wider end of the anchoring section is greater than the diameter of the rod.

[0019] A "pole-net" reinforcement structure for high slopes in mountain wind farms includes an anchor rod and an ecological restoration net. The ecological restoration net includes support strips, and multiple support strips are interconnected in an interlaced manner to form an interlaced receiving space between adjacent support strips. The support strips are also provided with permeable holes. In use, one end of the anchoring section of the anchor rod passes through the receiving space.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following technical effects: 1. This utility model provides multiple injection ports on the outer wall of the rod and a double-pass injection tube inside the rod, through which urease solution and a mixture can be injected independently.

[0021] 2. The internal slope reinforcement method used in this utility model is based on anchor bolt technology and EICP technology. The selected urease solution and mixture are both environmentally friendly materials. The external reinforcement adopts ecological restoration netting, which is mainly based on green plant cultivation technology. Both internal and external reinforcement methods reflect high environmental friendliness.

[0022] 3. This utility model achieves the reinforcement effect by relying on anchor grouting and surface mesh laying. The main materials used, such as anchors, EICP injection fluid, and geocells, have significant economic applicability compared to anti-slide piles, retaining walls, and other common high slope protection projects.

[0023] 4. In this utility model, the anchor drilling positioning and the laying of the ecological restoration net can be carried out in a modular construction by region according to the flatness of the slope surface. For engineering types such as high mountain slopes with complex geological conditions and large slope gradient changes, targeted local reinforcement or overall reinforcement can be achieved in combination with actual protection needs.

[0024] 5. The main construction process of this utility model is concentrated in two parts: anchor drilling and ecological restoration net laying. The relevant drilling technology and slope net laying technology are already very mature, which can realize the overall installation of the "pole-net" structure in a short time. At the same time, after the structure installation and insulation reinforcement are completed, only watering and replanting are required during the vegetation maintenance period of 1 to 2 weeks. In addition, there are not many process steps, which has high construction convenience.

[0025] 6. The anchor reinforcement used in this utility model is a concealed project that cannot be observed from outside the slope. The ecological restoration net itself is a process based on vegetation reinforcement. The selection of grass and shrub species is based on the surrounding main vegetation, and it has good aesthetics after completion. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of the "pole-net" structure of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ecological restoration net structure of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the grouting section of this utility model.

[0031] Figure label: Anchor bolt 1, anchor head section 11, sealing head 111, pad 112, grout stop plug 113, grouting section 12, rod body 121, injection port 122, cohesive structure 123, heating device 124, temperature sensor 125, wire 126, injection pipe 127, anchoring section 13. Ecological restoration net 2, support belt 21, permeable holes 22, and containment space 23. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] Example 1: See Figure 1-4An anchor bolt 1 includes, from top to bottom, an anchor head section 11, a grouting section 12, and an anchoring section 13. The grouting section 12 includes a rod body 121, which is a hollow tubular structure. Multiple injection ports 122 are provided on the rod body 121. An injection pipe 127 with a dual-channel structure is provided inside the rod body 121. The upper end of the injection pipe 127 extends to the anchor head section 11, and the lower end extends to each injection port 122. The injection pipe 127 is fixedly connected to the injection ports 122. By providing multiple injection ports 122 on the outer wall of the rod body 121 and a dual-channel injection pipe 127 inside the rod body 121, urease solution and a mixed solution can be independently injected through the upper end of the injection pipe 127.

[0034] In this embodiment, the urease solution is a crude urease extract obtained from common plants rich in urease, such as legumes, with a concentration controlled between 0.1 and 50 g / L. The mixed solution is a urea-calcium chloride solution with a volume ratio of 1:1 and a concentration controlled between 0.25 and 1.5 mol / L.

[0035] In this embodiment, the injection tube 127 consists of two semi-circular tubes. The two semi-circular tubes can be welded and fixed together to form an injection tube 127 with a circular shape.

[0036] The top of the injection tube 127 does not extend beyond the top of the rod 121. During injection, the injection tube is inserted through the middle of the matching semi-circular sealing plug.

[0037] Furthermore, the outer wall of the rod 121 is equipped with multi-layered adhesive structures 123 at intervals on the upper and lower sides. During the reaction of urease solution and mixed solution, these structures can provide several nodes for the precipitation of the reaction product, calcium carbonate, thereby improving the adhesive effect of the anchor rod 1 and the surrounding soil, and significantly improving the overall stability of the slope.

[0038] In this embodiment, the adhesive structure 123 is a filamentous structure.

[0039] Specifically, the adhesive structure consists of 123 metal wires or plastic fiber filaments.

[0040] like Figure 2 , 4 As shown, when metal wire is used, several metal wires can be welded or tied to the outer wall of the pole 121 using clamps. When plastic fiber filaments are used, the plastic fiber filaments are tied to the outer wall of the pole 121 using clamps. The adhesive structure 123 is arranged at equal intervals of 2 to 10 cm along the longitudinal direction of the pole.

[0041] In this embodiment, see Figure 2The anchor head section 11 includes a sealing head 111, a pad 112, and a grout stopper 113. The sealing head 111 is screwed onto the top of the grouting section 12. The pad 112 is located below the sealing head 111 and is fitted onto the grouting section 12. The grout stopper 113 is fitted onto the grouting section 12 and is located below the pad 112. The grout stopper 113 prevents the solution from overflowing from the top during injection. The pad 112 is used to press down on the ecological restoration net 2. The sealing head 111 is used to seal the rod body 121 and press down on the pad 112 to prevent the pad 112 from falling off the rod body 121.

[0042] Anchor section 13 is fixed to the lower end of rod 121 and closes the lower end of rod 121. Anchor section 13 has a wedge-shaped structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The width of the wider end of anchor section 13 is greater than the diameter of rod 121, making rod 121 less likely to be pulled out and improving the stability of the anchor rod. In this embodiment, anchor section 13 adopts a structure similar to an arrowhead.

[0043] Example 2: Based on Example 1, see Figure 4 A heating device 124 is also installed inside the rod 121. The heating device 124 can heat the rod 121 to a suitable temperature, thereby facilitating the chemical reaction of the urease solution and mixture injected outside the rod 121.

[0044] In this embodiment, the heating device 124 adopts a heating resistance wire structure, and the wire 126 of the heating resistance wire is led out from the top of the rod 121.

[0045] During manufacturing, a layer of insulating cotton can be wrapped around the longitudinal section of the injection tube 127. The outer diameter of the insulating cotton is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the rod 121. Then, a heating resistance wire is wound around the insulating cotton. Due to the elasticity of the insulating cotton, when the injection tube 127 is inserted into the rod 121, the heating resistance wire follows into the rod 121 and abuts against the inner wall of the rod 121. Each heating resistance wire is fitted with a protective sleeve, which prevents friction between the heating resistance wire and the inner wall of the rod 121 and also serves as insulation.

[0046] After the injection tube 127 is inserted into the rod 121, the transverse branch tube on the injection tube 127 is aligned with the injection port 122, and the inner wall of the injection port 122 is welded and fixed to the transverse branch tube.

[0047] Furthermore, a temperature sensor 125 is installed inside the rod 121. The temperature sensor 125 is used to detect the heating temperature of the heating device 124. The cable of the temperature sensor 125 is led out from the top of the rod 121.

[0048] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 125 is a PT100 temperature sensor, which is low in cost. The temperature sensor 125 is inserted between the heating device 124 and the rod 121.

[0049] Example 3: Based on Example 1 or Example 2, in this example, see... Figure 1 , 2 A "pole-net" reinforcement structure for high slopes of mountain wind farms includes an anchor rod 1 and an ecological restoration net 2. The ecological restoration net 2 includes support strips 21, and multiple support strips 21 are interconnected in an interlaced manner to form an interlaced receiving space 23 between adjacent support strips 21. The support strips 21 are also provided with water-permeable holes 22. In use, one end of the anchoring section 13 of the anchor rod 1 passes through the receiving space 23.

[0050] The method of use or principle of this utility model: like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model includes a "pole-net" structure for reinforcing high slopes in mountain wind farms. The "pole" and "net" are anchor rod 1 and ecological restoration net 2, respectively. Anchor rod 1 is divided into three parts: anchor head section 11, grouting section 12 and anchoring section 13. Anchor rod 1 and ecological restoration net 2 are mainly located inside and on the surface of the slope, respectively.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the anchor head section 11 includes a sealing head 111, a pad 112, and a grout stop plug 113. The sealing head 111 is a capped nut structure, which is used to seal after the anchor rod 1 is grouted and reinforced, and is used to isolate external air and prevent the anchor rod 1 from rusting and corroding. The pad 112 is a high-strength alloy plate, and an ecological restoration net 2 is laid on its lower part to connect the tension of the anchor rod and the tension of the ecological restoration net, so as to limit the deformation of the slope.

[0052] The grouting section 12 includes a rod 121, an injection port 122, a bonding structure 123, a heating device 124, a temperature sensor 125, a wire 126, and an injection pipe 127. The rod 121 is a hollow threaded tube made of metal. The heating device 124 is a heating resistance wire. The injection ports 122 are arranged at equal intervals of 2 to 10 cm along the longitudinal direction of the rod 121. The injection pipe 127 is connected inside the injection port 122. The injection pipe has a dual-channel structure with two independent channels, which are used to inject urease solution and a mixed solution, respectively. The injection pipe 127 and the wire 126 that powers the heating resistance wire and the temperature sensor 125 are all connected to the outside of the hollow anchor rod 1.

[0053] Urease solution is a crude urease extract obtained from common plants rich in urease, such as legumes, with a concentration controlled between 0.1 and 50 g / L. Mixture B is a urea-calcium chloride solution with a volume ratio of 1:1, and a concentration controlled between 0.25 and 1.5 mol / L.

[0054] The cohesive structure 123 is made of plastic or metal fiber filaments, which are tied to the outside of the rod and laid out at equal intervals of 2 to 10 cm along the longitudinal direction of the rod. The fiber filament 123 is composed of multiple ribbons with a rough surface. During the reaction process of the above-mentioned urease solution A and mixed solution B, it can provide several nodes for the precipitation of the reaction product—calcium carbonate, thereby improving the cohesive effect of the anchor rod 1 and the surrounding soil, and achieving a significant improvement in the overall stability of the slope.

[0055] The anchoring section is a wedge-shaped mechanical anchoring structure, which can embed itself into the surrounding rock layers after drilling into the stable bedrock layer, so that the anchor rod can quickly have a certain pull-out resistance after installation.

[0056] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the ecological restoration net 2 includes support strips 21, which are composite geocell materials with steel wire wrapped inside. The ecological restoration net 2 is composed of several interconnected support strips 21, and the internal space 23 is filled with ecological restoration matrix, which contains various types of grass and shrub species and the necessary nutrients for their growth. The selection of relevant plants is mainly based on the common vegetation around the slope to be restored. The seeds and supporting nutrients are wrapped inside a soluble cardboard shell. During the watering and maintenance stage after the "pole-net" system is formed, the plants can break through the cardboard shell and take root on the slope surface, realizing the ecological restoration of the slope surface. In order to ensure smooth drainage of the slope surface during the watering and maintenance stage, the side wall of the support strip 21 contains several permeable holes 22.

[0057] The construction method of this utility model includes the following steps: Step 1, Netting installation: Divide the high slope to be treated into several relatively flat small areas, and lay ecological restoration netting 2 according to the size of different areas. Fix it tightly to the slope. At the same time, fill each containment space 23 with ecological restoration matrix. Then, backfill soil on the ecological restoration matrix to fill each containment space 23. The type of soil used for backfilling is the same as the original slope soil.

[0058] Step 2, Positioning Drilling and Pole-Network Integration: Anchor bolts 1 are drilled into the slope from the partial containment space 23 of the ecological restoration net 2 at intervals of 1.5~5.0 m. The anchoring section 13 of anchor bolt 1 needs to extend into the stable bedrock layer and initially possess a certain anchoring force. The ecological restoration net 2 is connected to the anchor bolt 1 below the pad plate 112 by steel wire binding. This achieves the initial connection between anchor bolt 1 and ecological restoration net 2. Through the mechanical action of the wedge-shaped metal block of the anchoring section 13 of anchor bolt 1 and the tensile strength structure of the ecological restoration net 2 itself, the initial effective constraint on slope deformation is achieved.

[0059] Step 3, Liquid Injection: Connect the power supply to energize the heating resistance wire inside the rod 121, and control the rod temperature to stabilize at 35±5℃. During the injection process, control the injection pressure to ensure the minimum injection pressure. Stop the injection after liquid overflows from the stop plug 113 for 5 minutes. The heating resistance wire continues to maintain the temperature for about 24 hours before the power is turned off. It should be noted that during the injection of the two solutions, disturbance to the structure of the rod 121 should be avoided as much as possible. When performing liquid injection and temperature-controlled curing operations, multiple anchor rods 1 can be carried out simultaneously to improve the construction efficiency of the "rod-net" structure. After completing the above work, the sealing head 111 construction work needs to be carried out on the anchor head section 11 with exposed air of the anchor rod 1.

[0060] Step 4, vegetation maintenance: Within 1 to 2 weeks after the main structure is installed, the ecological restoration net 2 needs to be watered and maintained daily, and the ecological restoration substrate needs to be replenished as needed.

[0061] This utility model, based on common engineering materials such as anchor bolts and geocells, combined with EICP reinforcement technology and ecological restoration technology, achieves effective reinforcement of high slope engineering. Compared with other common high slope protection measures, this utility model effectively achieves better overall reinforcement while also embodying the characteristics of green environmental protection, economic applicability, modular construction, efficient operation, and aesthetics.

Claims

1. An anchor bolt (1), comprising an anchor head section (11), a grouting section (12), and an anchoring section (13) arranged sequentially from top to bottom, characterized in that: The grouting section (12) includes a rod (121), which is a hollow tubular structure. Multiple injection ports (122) are provided on the rod (121). An injection pipe (127) is provided inside the rod (121). The injection pipe (127) is a dual-channel structure. The upper end of the injection pipe (127) extends to the anchor head section (11), and the lower end extends to each injection port (122). The injection pipe (127) is fixedly connected to the injection port (122).

2. An anchor bolt (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection tube (127) consists of two semi-circular tubes.

3. An anchor bolt (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rod (121) is provided with a multi-layered adhesive structure (123) spaced apart on the upper and lower sides. The adhesive structure (123) is used to provide nodes for the precipitation of reaction products.

4. An anchor bolt (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adhesive structure (123) is a filamentous structure.

5. An anchor bolt (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adhesive structure (123) is made of metal wire or plastic fiber filament.

6. An anchor bolt (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating device (124) is also installed inside the rod (121).

7. An anchor bolt (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (125) is also installed inside the rod (121), which is used to detect the heating temperature of the heating device (124).

8. An anchor bolt (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor head section (11) includes a sealing head (111), a pad (112), and a grout stopper (113). The sealing head (111) is screwed onto the top of the grouting section (12), the pad (112) is located below the sealing head (111), the pad (112) is fitted onto the grouting section (12), and the grout stopper (113) is fitted onto the grouting section (12) and located below the pad (112).

9. An anchor bolt (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring section (13) is fixed to the lower end of the rod (121) and closes the lower end of the rod (121). The anchoring section (13) is a wedge-shaped structure with a larger upper end and a smaller lower end. The width of the larger end of the anchoring section (13) is greater than the diameter of the rod (121).

10. A "pole-net" reinforcement structure for high slopes in mountain wind farms, characterized in that: The anchor rod (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is further comprising an ecological restoration net (2), wherein the ecological restoration net (2) comprises a support strip (21), and multiple support strips (21) are interconnected in an alternating manner to form an alternating receiving space (23) between adjacent support strips (21), and the support strip (21) is also provided with a water-permeable hole (22); in the use state, one end of the anchoring section (13) of the anchor rod (1) passes through the receiving space (23).

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