A high bench layer blasting charge structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high step layered blasting charge structure, include: upper layer charge structure and lower layer charge structure, lower layer charge structure and upper layer charge structure set up from below to above in the inside of blast hole, the inside of lower layer charge structure is equipped with lower layer electronic detonator, the inside of upper layer charge structure is equipped with upper layer electronic detonator, the utility model discloses through setting upper and lower two charge structures in blast hole, make when blasting can divide single blast hole into upper and lower two layers of blasting, thereby can reduce the blast single response explosive quantity, reduce the harmful effect of blasting vibration, and stagger the detonation with adjacent blast hole when layered blasting, can provide new free surface for lower layer blast hole and peripheral blast hole, thereby improve the rock mass crushing effect, improve the blast lumpiness distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of blasting technology in geotechnical engineering, and more specifically to a high-step layered blasting charge structure. Background Technology

[0002] Large open-pit quarries often involve deep bench blasting. With the rapid development of blasting technology and the increasing use of large-scale engineering machinery and excavation equipment, the scale of blasting operations is becoming increasingly larger. In high-bench blasting, the blasting holes are often deep, with large single-hole charge quantities and large spacing between holes. This can easily lead to the formation of large blasted fragments, affecting subsequent mining, loading, and transportation operations. Furthermore, the large single-blast charge generates significant blasting vibrations, which can have adverse and harmful effects on sites near residential areas or tourist attractions.

[0003] To reduce the amount of explosive charge per blast, the number of initiating holes per stage is usually reduced, with the minimum being one blast per hole. Further reducing the amount of explosive charge per blast requires reducing the hole diameter and increasing the number of holes drilled, which leads to increased drilling costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-step layered explosive charge structure, the purpose of which is to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A high-step layered blasting charge structure includes: an upper charge structure and a lower charge structure; the lower charge structure and the upper charge structure are arranged from bottom to top inside a blast hole; the lower charge structure is equipped with a lower electronic detonator; the upper charge structure is equipped with an upper electronic detonator.

[0007] Preferably, the height of the lower charge structure and the height of the upper charge structure are both half the depth of the blast hole.

[0008] Preferably, the lower charge structure includes a lower charge section and a lower blocking section; the lower blocking section is disposed at the top of the lower charge section; and the lower electronic detonator is disposed inside the lower charge section.

[0009] Preferably, the height of the lower blocking section is 1 to 2 meters.

[0010] Preferably, the upper charge structure includes an upper charge section and an upper blocking section; the upper blocking section is disposed at the top of the upper charge section; and the upper electronic detonator is disposed inside the upper charge section.

[0011] Preferably, the height of the upper blocking section is 2 to 4 meters.

[0012] Preferably, the height of the lower blocking section is greater than the sympathetic detonation distance of the explosive; the height of the lower blocking section is half the height of the upper blocking section.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: By setting an upper and lower two-layer charging structure in the blasting hole, the present invention can divide a single blasting hole into upper and lower layers for blasting, thereby reducing the amount of explosive charge per blast and reducing the harmful effects of blasting vibration. At the same time, when blasting in layers, the detonation is staggered with that of adjacent blasting holes, which can provide new free surfaces for the lower layer blasting holes and the surrounding blasting holes, thereby improving the rock mass fragmentation effect and improving the distribution of blasted blocks. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-step layered blasting charge structure according to the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the initiation time for multi-hole blasting;

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Lower charge section; 2. Lower electronic detonator; 3. Lower plugging section; 4. Upper charge section; 5. Upper electronic detonator; 6. Upper plugging section; 7. Interface; 8. Blasting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] During blasting, free surfaces are key to improving rock fragmentation. When the detonation wave propagates to a free surface, it reflects tensile waves, achieving tensile fracturing of the rock mass surrounding the blast hole. Increasing the number of free surfaces can further improve the degree of rock fragmentation, reduce the proportion of large blocks, and optimize the distribution of blasted blocks without increasing unit energy consumption.

[0019] Example

[0020] Reference Figure 1-2 As shown, this utility model discloses a high-step layered explosive charge structure, including: an upper charge structure and a lower charge structure; the lower charge structure and the upper charge structure are arranged from bottom to top inside the blast hole 8; the lower charge structure is provided with a lower electronic detonator 2; the upper charge structure is provided with an upper electronic detonator 5.

[0021] In this embodiment, the height of both the lower and upper charge structures is half the depth of the blast hole 8.

[0022] In this embodiment, the lower charge structure includes a lower charge section 1 and a lower blocking section 3; the lower blocking section 3 is disposed at the top of the lower charge section 1; and the lower electronic detonator 2 is disposed inside the lower charge section 1.

[0023] In this embodiment, the top of the lower blocking section 3 is the interface 7 between the upper and lower charge structures.

[0024] In this embodiment, the height of the lower blocking section 3 is 1.5m.

[0025] In this embodiment, the upper charge structure includes an upper charge section 4 and an upper blocking section 6; the upper blocking section 6 is disposed at the top of the upper charge section 4; and the upper electronic detonator 5 is disposed inside the upper charge section 4.

[0026] In this embodiment, the height of the upper blocking section 6 is 3m.

[0027] In this embodiment, the height of the lower blocking section 3 is greater than the sympathetic detonation distance of the explosive; the height of the lower blocking section 3 is half the height of the upper blocking section 6.

[0028] In this embodiment, the height of the high-step blasting project is 15m, the diameter of the blasting hole 8 is 140mm, and the depth of the blasting hole 8 is 16m.

[0029] In this embodiment, the detonation time of the upper electronic detonator 5 is earlier than that of the lower electronic detonator, and the detonation interval between the two is greater than 100ms; at the same time, for multi-hole blasting, the detonation times of adjacent blasting holes must also be staggered to achieve micro-delay detonation.

[0030] In other embodiments, the heights of the lower blocking segment 3 and the upper blocking segment 6 can be designed according to actual needs.

[0031] The operation steps of this utility model are as follows:

[0032] 1) Complete the drilling of all blasting holes 8 according to the design requirements;

[0033] 2) Start loading the lower charge section: According to the design depth, load the explosive into the blast hole 8, fill it to the design depth of the lower charge section 1, and load the lower electronic detonator 2 into the explosive. Then, use rock powder or stemming clay to seal it, and complete the filling of the lower blocking section 3.

[0034] 3) Start loading the upper charge section: According to the design requirements, continue to load the explosives into the blast hole 8, fill to the design depth of the upper charge section 4, and load the upper electronic detonator 5 with explosives. Then use rock powder or stemming clay to seal it, and complete the filling of the upper blocking section 6.

[0035] 4) Repeat the above steps until all blast holes 8 are filled with explosives;

[0036] 5) Connect the electronic detonators to a network and set the detonation time for all detonators, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the detonation time of the upper electronic detonator 5 of each blast hole 8 is 125ms earlier than the detonation time of the lower electronic detonator 2, and the detonation time interval between adjacent blast holes 8 is 50ms.

[0037] 6) Connect the detonator to the detonator and prepare for detonation;

[0038] This invention further reduces the amount of explosive charge per blast by dividing a single blast hole in deep-hole bench blasting into two stages, thereby reducing the harmful effects of blasting. At the same time, the upper blasting can provide a new free surface for the lower blasting, which can improve the rock mass fragmentation effect.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-step layered explosive charge structure, characterized in that, include: An upper charge structure and a lower charge structure; the lower charge structure and the upper charge structure are arranged from bottom to top inside the blast hole (8); The lower charge structure is equipped with a lower electronic detonator (2); the upper charge structure is equipped with an upper electronic detonator (5). The lower charge structure includes a lower charge section (1) and a lower blocking section (3); the lower blocking section (3) is located at the top of the lower charge section (1); the lower electronic detonator (2) is located inside the lower charge section (1); The height of the lower blocking section (3) is 1 to 2 m; The top of the lower blocking section (3) is the interface (7) between the upper charge structure and the lower charge structure. The upper charge structure includes an upper charge section (4) and an upper blocking section (6); the upper blocking section (6) is located at the top of the upper charge section (4); the upper electronic detonator (5) is located inside the upper charge section (4); The upper electronic detonator (5) detonates earlier than the lower electronic detonator (2), and the detonation interval between the two is greater than 100ms; the detonation times of adjacent blast holes are staggered to achieve micro-delay detonation.

2. The high-step layered explosive charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the lower charge structure and the height of the upper charge structure are both half the depth of the blast hole (8).

3. The high-step layered blasting charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the upper blocking section (6) is 2 to 4 m.

4. The high-step layered explosive charge structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The height of the lower blocking section (3) is greater than the sympathetic detonation distance of the explosive; the height of the lower blocking section (3) is half the height of the upper blocking section (6).

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