A rotating electrode, electrochemical measurement system

Abstract

The application provides a rotating electrode and an electrochemical measurement system, and relates to the field of electrochemical measurement. The rotating electrode comprises a hollow cup motor, a transmission shaft sleeve pipe, a working electrode, and a hollow cup motor. The transmission shaft sleeve pipe is sleeved and fixed to the rotor output end of the hollow cup motor. The working electrode comprises a base shell, a conductive core, and a glass carbon layer. The conductive core is built-in the base shell, and one end is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft sleeve pipe. The glass carbon layer is covered on the outer surface of the base shell and partially extends into the base shell to contact the conductive core. The scheme can significantly save the space above the electrolytic cell, and reduce the required amount of electrolyte.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrochemical measurement, and more particularly to a rotating electrode and an electrochemical measurement system. Background Technology

[0002] In electrochemical measurement and analysis systems, a three-electrode system consisting of a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode is widely used. The working electrode is typically located above the electrolytic cell and connected to a drive motor via a connector. To achieve the measurement objective, the working electrode needs to rotate in the electrolyte, which requires a motor to drive its rotation. However, the working electrode rotation device and its connected transmission components occupy a significant amount of space, easily leading to overcrowding above the electrolytic cell and affecting the installation and adjustment of the reference and counter electrodes.

[0003] Furthermore, to ensure structural strength and transmission stability under rotational conditions, the diameter of the working electrode must match that of the motor rotor. A larger working electrode results in an increased immersion volume in the electrolyte to ensure proper electrode operation, which increases the amount of electrolyte required for the experiment. Therefore, existing rotating working electrodes still have shortcomings in terms of spatial layout adaptability and reducing electrolyte consumption, and require further improvement. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this application provides a rotating electrode, comprising:

[0005] Hollow cup motor;

[0006] A drive shaft sleeve, which is fitted and fixed to the rotor output end of the hollow cup motor;

[0007] The working electrode includes a base shell, a conductive cell, and a glassy carbon layer; the conductive cell is built into the base shell and one end is connected to the drive shaft sleeve; the glassy carbon layer covers the outer surface of the base shell and partially extends into the interior of the base shell to contact the conductive cell.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the device further includes a pointed carbon brush, a flat carbon brush, and a conductive element that are housed in a carbon brush holder and connected in sequence; the lower end plane of the pointed carbon brush forms surface contact with the slip ring shaft of the hollow cup motor, and its upper end has a protruding end; the end of the protruding end abuts against the lower end plane of the flat carbon brush; the upper end of the flat carbon brush is connected to a power source through the conductive element.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the conductive element is a conductive spring; the conductive spring is connected between the flat carbon brush and a conductive bolt, which is fixed to the carbon brush receiving sleeve, so that the working electrode can move relative to the carbon brush receiving sleeve.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the collector ring shaft of the hollow cup motor extends into a contact shaft middle sleeve; a contact shaft outer sleeve is simultaneously fitted over the middle sleeve of the contact shaft and the outside of the pointed carbon brush; the contact shaft outer sleeve is received in the carbon brush receiving sleeve.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the hollow cup motor is housed and positioned within a motor housing; the motor housing is engaged in a slot in a clamping plate; the clamping plate is used to connect an external moving structure to drive the motor housing and the working electrode to move.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the working electrode is connected to the drive shaft sleeve via a sliding sleeve, forming a telescopic tube structure; a fixed sleeve is fitted outside the telescopic tube structure to lock the relative position of the two.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the base shell and the sliding sleeve form a sleeve structure; the base shell and the sliding sleeve are provided with matching through holes; a pin passes through the through holes on the sliding sleeve and the base shell to fix the two relative to each other.

[0014] This application also provides an electrochemical measurement system, including the above-mentioned rotating electrode, and further including an electrolytic cell, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode.

[0015] Compared to existing technologies, the advantages of this application are as follows: By employing a hollow cup motor with a radial volume and rotor outer diameter smaller than those of conventional motors, the overall size of the rotating electrode device is effectively reduced. Consequently, in electrochemical measurement and analysis systems, space above the electrolytic cell can be significantly saved, providing more ample operating space for the installation and adjustment of the reference and counter electrodes. Simultaneously, since the diameter of the working electrode can be reduced accordingly with the rotor outer diameter of the hollow cup motor, its immersion volume in the electrolyte is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the amount of electrolyte required for the experiment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A front view of the rotating electrode is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 A side view of the rotating electrode is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the working electrode connected to the sliding sleeve is shown;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the hollow cup motor is shown.

[0021] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0022] 10-Hollow cup motor; 11-Collector ring shaft; 12-Rotor; 20-Drive shaft sleeve; 30-Working electrode; 31-Base shell; 32-Conductive cell; 40-Carbon brush housing sleeve; 41-Pointed carbon brush; 42-Flat carbon brush; 43-Conductive element; 44-Conductive bolt; 50-Middle sleeve of contact shaft; 60-Outer sleeve of contact shaft; 70-Motor housing; 80-Clamping plate; 90-Sliding sleeve; 100-Fixed clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0024] In electrochemical measurement systems, standard three-electrode systems often employ a rotatable working electrode to achieve specific measurement objectives. Current designs present two main problems: First, the rotating working electrode, along with its drive motor and transmission components, occupies a significant amount of space above the electrolytic cell, resulting in a crowded electrode layout and affecting the installation and adjustment of the reference and counter electrodes. Second, to match the motor rotor and meet the mechanical strength requirements under rotating conditions, the working electrode's rod diameter is often large, directly increasing its immersion volume in the electrolyte and consequently increasing the amount of electrolyte required for the experiment. Therefore, existing structures have significant limitations in terms of space adaptability and solution volume control, necessitating further optimization.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a rotating electrode, including a hollow cup motor 10, a transmission shaft sleeve 20, and a working electrode 30.

[0026] Please see Figure 4The hollow cup motor 10 is a coreless DC motor. The rotor 12 adopts a slotless structure, typically formed directly from the coil windings into a cup shape. In contrast, the rotor of a conventional motor is composed of a stacked silicon steel core, resulting in a large volume and weight. The core itself does not generate power; it only serves to form the magnetic circuit. The hollow cup motor 10 eliminates the entire core, with the rotor 12 consisting only of an extremely thin, cup-shaped winding (coil). This winding is both a conductor and the part that generates torque under stress. By removing the most space-consuming and heavy component, the volume and weight are significantly reduced. Furthermore, because there is no core, the rotor 12 does not require the radial space needed for the magnetic circuit, allowing it to be made very slim. In this embodiment, the radial volume and rotor outer diameter of the hollow cup motor 10 are both smaller than those of a conventional motor, achieving miniaturization of the device.

[0027] The drive shaft sleeve 20 is fitted and fixed to the output end of the rotor 12 of the hollow cup motor 10. The drive shaft sleeve 20 is a tubular structure used to connect the motor output shaft and the driven component, and its function is to transmit rotational power and torque. In this embodiment, it is fitted and fixed to the output end of the rotor 12 of the hollow cup motor 10 to ensure the stability and reliability of power transmission.

[0028] Specifically, the sleeve can be tightly fitted to the output end of the rotor 12 using an interference fit. Alternatively, it can be secured with screws; for example, a threaded hole can be provided in the drive shaft sleeve 20, and a screw can be passed through the threaded hole and pressed against the output end of the rotor 12 to achieve fixation. Furthermore, the drive shaft sleeve 20 can also be connected to the output end of the rotor 12 by welding or bonding to ensure a secure transmission between them.

[0029] The working electrode 30 includes a substrate shell 31, a conductive cell 32, and a glassy carbon layer. The conductive cell 32 is built into the substrate shell 31 and one end is connected to the drive shaft sleeve 20. The glassy carbon layer covers the outer surface of the substrate shell 31 and partially extends into the interior of the substrate shell 31 to contact the conductive cell 32.

[0030] For ease of understanding, the following explains some terms related to the working electrode 30 and its components: The working electrode 30 constitutes the overall structure of the core working part of the rotating electrode, used for contact with the electrolyte and electrochemical reactions. It contains a conductive medium internally and is covered externally with an active material. The substrate shell 31 is the external support structure of the working electrode 30, typically made of insulating plastic, used to house and protect the internal conductive core 32 and other components, and to provide an interface with the external environment. The conductive core 32 is the conductive part inside the working electrode 30, responsible for transmitting electrical signals from the external circuit to the electrode surface or from the electrode surface to the external circuit. Its material typically has good conductivity; for example, multiple parallel copper wires can be used as the conductive core 32. A glassy carbon layer is a carbon material with high purity, high hardness, corrosion resistance, and good conductivity, often used as the surface material of the electrochemical working electrode 30 to provide a stable electrochemical interface.

[0031] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The conductive cell 32 is embedded inside the base housing 31. Specifically, the base housing 31 may have an inner cavity that matches the shape of the conductive cell 32. The conductive cell 32 is inserted into and fixed in this inner cavity, for example, by interference fit or a small amount of adhesive. One end of the conductive cell 32 is connected to the drive shaft sleeve 20 for transmission. For example, the end of the conductive cell 32 may be machined into a square shape or a keyway shape to mate with the corresponding structure of the inner wall of the drive shaft sleeve 20 to ensure reliable transmission of rotational power.

[0032] A glassy carbon layer covers the outer surface of the substrate shell 31. For example, the glassy carbon layer can be formed on the outside of the substrate shell 31 by processes such as coating, sintering, or bonding. At the same time, a hole is opened in the substrate shell 31 to connect to its interior. The glassy carbon layer is designed to partially extend into the interior of the substrate shell 31 through the hole and make contact with the conductive cell 32 to form an electrical connection, thereby ensuring that the electrical signal is effectively transmitted from the conductive cell 32 to the electrode working surface through the glassy carbon layer.

[0033] In this embodiment, the rotating electrode utilizes a hollow cup motor 10 with a radial volume and rotor outer diameter smaller than those of a typical motor, effectively reducing the overall size of the rotating electrode device. This significantly saves space above the electrolytic cell in the electrochemical measurement and analysis system, providing more ample operating space for the installation and adjustment of the reference and counter electrodes. Simultaneously, since the diameter of the working electrode 30 can be reduced accordingly with the rotor outer diameter of the hollow cup motor 10, its immersion volume in the electrolyte is reduced, thereby effectively decreasing the amount of electrolyte required for the experiment.

[0034] Please see Figure 2In some embodiments, the device further includes a pointed carbon brush 41, a flat carbon brush 42, and a conductive element 43, which are housed in a carbon brush holder 40 and connected in sequence. The lower end plane of the pointed carbon brush 41 forms a surface contact with the collector ring shaft 11 of the hollow cup motor 10, and its upper end has a protruding end. The end of the protruding end abuts against the lower end plane of the flat carbon brush 42. The upper end of the flat carbon brush 42 is connected to the power supply through the conductive element 43.

[0035] The carbon brush housing 40 provides a protected internal space for the carbon brush assembly, ensuring that the pointed carbon brush 41, the flat carbon brush 42, and the conductive element 43 can be stably housed and positioned. The carbon brush housing 40 is typically made of insulating material to prevent current leakage.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 4 The pointed carbon brush 41 is a component used for electrical contact with the slip ring shaft 11 of the coreless motor 10. Its lower end plane is designed to form a surface contact with the slip ring shaft 11 to ensure stable current collection. The upper end of the pointed carbon brush 41 has a protruding end, which is one of the key structures of this design. Its end is designed to abut against the lower end plane of the flat carbon brush 42, thereby changing the traditional carbon brush contact method. This protruding end can be conical, hemispherical, or frustum-shaped, etc., to achieve effective contact with the flat carbon brush 42.

[0037] The flat carbon brush 42 is used to make electrical contact with the raised end of the pointed carbon brush 41 and to further conduct the current to the conductive element 43. Its lower end flat surface abuts against the raised end of the pointed carbon brush 41 to form a specific contact point. Its upper end is used to connect to the conductive element 43 to lead out the current.

[0038] The conductive element 43 is used to conduct the current collected by the flat carbon brush 42 to an external power source. The conductive element 43 can be a conductive spring, which provides contact pressure and realizes a conductive path through its elasticity; or it can be a conductive sheet or conductive post, which is connected to the flat carbon brush 42 by bolts or welding and led out to an external circuit.

[0039] In the above structure, the pointed carbon brush 41, the flat carbon brush 42, and the conductive element 43 are connected sequentially in the carbon brush receiving sleeve 40, meaning that they are arranged radially in sequence and in contact with each other, forming a continuous current conduction path. The lower end plane of the pointed carbon brush 41 forms surface contact with the collector ring shaft 11 of the hollow cup motor 10, ensuring that the pointed carbon brush 41 can stably collect current from the high-speed rotating collector ring shaft 11.

[0040] The raised end of the pointed carbon brush 41 abuts against the lower plane of the flat carbon brush 42. This abutment method is one of the core innovations of this design. When the slip ring shaft 11 of the coreless motor 10 rotates and drives the pointed carbon brush 41 to rotate, the contact between the raised end of the pointed carbon brush 41 and the plane of the flat carbon brush 42 changes from pure sliding friction to friction with a rolling component. Since the resistance of rolling friction is much less than that of sliding friction, this design significantly reduces the wear of the carbon brush during operation, thereby effectively extending the service life of the carbon brush portion of the coreless motor 10.

[0041] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the conductive element 43 is a conductive spring; the conductive spring is connected between the flat carbon brush 42 and a conductive bolt 44, which is fixed to the carbon brush receiving sleeve 40, so that the working electrode 30 can move relative to the carbon brush receiving sleeve 40.

[0042] A conductive spring possesses both electrical conductivity and elastic deformation capability, its function being to maintain an electrical connection while allowing relative displacement between the two connected ends. Conductive springs can be implemented in various forms; for example, they can be helical springs, made of helical metal wire, possessing good flexibility; or wave springs, made of wavy metal sheets, providing a large elastic stroke within a small space; or leaf springs, made of elastic metal sheets, providing elasticity through bending deformation.

[0043] A conductive spring connects the flat carbon brush 42 and a conductive bolt 44, aiming to establish both electrical and mechanical connections between the two while allowing relative displacement due to the spring's elasticity. This connection can be achieved by welding, securely welding both ends of the conductive spring to the flat carbon brush 42 and the conductive bolt 44 respectively.

[0044] The conductive bolt 44 is fixed in the carbon brush receiving sleeve 40, providing a fixed electrical connection point and mechanical support point for the conductive spring, ensuring a stable power supply. The conductive bolt 44 can be fixed by a threaded connection, whereby the conductive bolt 44 is screwed into a pre-set threaded hole on the carbon brush receiving sleeve 40; it can also be a press-fit, where the conductive bolt 44 is pressed into a hole in the carbon brush receiving sleeve 40 through an interference fit; or it can be welded or bonded, fixing the conductive bolt 44 to the carbon brush receiving sleeve 40 by welding or structural adhesive. This structure allows the working electrode 30 to move relative to the carbon brush receiving sleeve 40, giving the working electrode 30 axial elastic displacement capability to adapt to external impacts.

[0045] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: When the rotating electrode operates in the electrolytic cell, if the working electrode 30 accidentally touches the bottom of the electrolytic cell or other obstacles, the conductive spring can absorb the impact energy and undergo elastic deformation, allowing the working electrode 30 to move in a buffered manner in the axial direction, effectively avoiding damage to the working electrode 30 or the electrolytic cell caused by rigid collisions. This design significantly improves the robustness of the rotating electrode in practical applications, effectively prevents accidental damage, and extends the electrode's service life.

[0046] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the collector ring shaft 11 of the hollow cup motor 10 extends into a contact shaft middle sleeve 50; a contact shaft outer sleeve 60 is simultaneously sleeved on the outside of the contact shaft middle sleeve 50 and the pointed carbon brush 41; the contact shaft outer sleeve 60 is housed in the carbon brush receiving sleeve 40.

[0047] The slip ring shaft 11 is a key component of the coreless motor 10 for power transmission, enabling current introduction or extraction through contact with the carbon brush. The slip ring shaft 11 extends into the middle sleeve 50 of the contact shaft to provide a protected operating environment. Furthermore, the outer sleeve 60 of the contact shaft is simultaneously fitted over both the middle sleeve 50 and the pointed carbon brush 41. As an external protective layer, the outer sleeve 60 tightly integrates the middle sleeve and the pointed carbon brush 41 into a compact and stable whole. This fitting method helps to accurately position the relative position of the pointed carbon brush 41 and the slip ring shaft 11, ensuring stable electrical contact pressure and effectively suppressing radial or axial displacement of the pointed carbon brush 41 during operation.

[0048] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the hollow cup motor 10 is housed and positioned in a motor housing 70; the motor housing 70 is engaged in a slot in a clamping plate 80; the clamping plate 80 is used to connect an external moving structure to drive the motor housing 70 and the working electrode 30 to move.

[0049] Specifically, the motor housing 70 may be provided with a limiting structure, such as a groove or a boss, that matches the shape of the hollow cup motor 10, so that the motor can be tightly embedded therein; or, the hollow cup motor 10 may be directly fixed to the inner wall of the motor housing 70 by fasteners such as screws and clips.

[0050] Building upon this, the motor housing 70 is further connected to a slotted clamping plate 80 via a snap-fit ​​mechanism. The clamping plate 80 not only supports and secures the motor housing 70 but also provides an interface for connection to an external moving structure. This external moving structure can be any mechanical device capable of providing linear or multi-dimensional displacement, such as a linear guide rail or a robotic arm. Driven by this external moving structure, the entire motor housing 70 and the working electrode 30 it drives can achieve precise and flexible displacement, thereby meeting the adjustment requirements for electrode positions in different experimental scenarios.

[0051] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the working electrode 30 is connected to the drive shaft sleeve 20 via a sliding sleeve 90, and the two form a telescopic tube structure; a fixed sleeve 100 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic tube structure to lock the relative position of the two.

[0052] Specifically, the sliding sleeve 90 is a tubular component that allows relative movement of its internal or external parts along its axial direction. Its function is to serve as a connection medium between the working electrode 30 and the drive shaft sleeve 20, providing adjustable axial freedom. The sliding sleeve 90 may be designed with an inner bore whose dimensions are adapted to the outer diameter of the drive shaft sleeve 20, allowing the drive shaft sleeve 20 to slide within it; alternatively, the sliding sleeve 90 may be designed with an outer diameter whose dimensions are adapted to the inner bore of the base housing 31 of the working electrode 30, allowing the sliding sleeve 90 to be inserted into and slide within the base housing 31.

[0053] After the sliding sleeve 90 is connected to the drive shaft sleeve 20, the two form a telescopic tube structure. The telescopic tube structure is formed by at least two tubular components that are sleeved together and allowed to move relative to each other along the axial direction. Its function is to realize the continuous adjustability of the axial distance between the working electrode 30 and the drive shaft sleeve 20. The sliding sleeve 90 is fitted onto the outside of the drive shaft sleeve 20 in a sliding fit manner, and the base shell 31 of the working electrode 30 is then fitted onto the outside of the sliding sleeve 90 and fixedly connected.

[0054] To lock the relative position of the working electrode 30 after adjustment, this application also provides a fixing sleeve 100, which is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic tube structure. The fixing sleeve 100 can be a split sleeve, which is fastened with bolts to tighten and clamp the outer surface of the telescopic tube structure; or it can be an integral sleeve with internal threads, which is screwed in with screws so that its end abuts or presses against the outer surface of the telescopic tube structure.

[0055] Through the above technical solution, the working electrode 30 is no longer rigidly connected to the drive shaft sleeve 20, but instead gains axial relative movement capability through the sliding sleeve 90, allowing the axial position of the working electrode 30 to be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. For example, the position of the working electrode 30 can be precisely adjusted according to the electrolyte level or electrode immersion depth, avoiding installation difficulties and space congestion problems caused by fixed connections. Furthermore, the telescopic tube structure is locked by the fixing clamp 100, ensuring the positional stability of the working electrode 30 during rotational operation.

[0056] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the base shell 31 and the sliding sleeve 90 form a sleeve structure; the base shell 31 and the sliding sleeve 90 are provided with matching through holes; a pin passes through the through holes on the sliding sleeve 90 and the base shell 31 to fix the two relative to each other.

[0057] Specifically, the sliding sleeve 90 can be designed as a hollow cylinder, while the end of the base shell 31 is designed to be inserted into or sleeved inside or outside the cylinder. To achieve precise fixing of the base shell 31 and the sliding sleeve 90, both are provided with through holes. These through holes align with each other when the base shell 31 and the sliding sleeve 90 are in a preset relative position. A pin is a mechanical fastener used to insert after the through holes of the base shell 31 and the sliding sleeve 90 are aligned to achieve relative fixing; the insertion of the pin reliably locks the relative position of the base shell 31 and the sliding sleeve 90, preventing axial displacement or loosening during rotation.

[0058] This application also provides an electrochemical measurement system, including the aforementioned rotating electrode, an electrolytic cell, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode. In this system, by employing a hollow cup motor 10 with a radial volume and rotor outer diameter smaller than that of a typical motor, the overall size of the rotating electrode device is effectively reduced. Therefore, in the electrochemical measurement and analysis system, the space above the electrolytic cell can be significantly saved, providing more ample operating space for the installation and adjustment of the reference and counter electrodes. Simultaneously, since the diameter of the working electrode 30 can be reduced accordingly with the rotor outer diameter of the hollow cup motor 10, its immersion volume in the electrolyte is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the amount of electrolyte required for the experiment.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0060] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A rotating electrode, characterized in that, include: Hollow cup motor; A drive shaft sleeve, which is fitted and fixed to the rotor output end of the hollow cup motor; The working electrode includes a base shell, a conductive cell, and a glassy carbon layer; the conductive cell is built into the base shell and one end is connected to the drive shaft sleeve; the glassy carbon layer covers the outer surface of the base shell and partially extends into the interior of the base shell to contact the conductive cell.

2. The rotating electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pointed carbon brush, a flat carbon brush, and a conductive element that are housed in a carbon brush holder and connected in sequence; the lower end plane of the pointed carbon brush forms a surface contact with the slip ring shaft of the hollow cup motor, and its upper end has a protruding end; the end of the protruding end abuts against the lower end plane of the flat carbon brush; the upper end of the flat carbon brush is connected to the power supply through the conductive element.

3. The rotating electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conductive element is a conductive spring; the conductive spring is connected between the flat carbon brush and a conductive bolt, which is fixed to the carbon brush receiving sleeve, so that the working electrode can move relative to the carbon brush receiving sleeve.

4. The rotating electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that, The collector ring shaft of the hollow cup motor extends into the middle sleeve of a contact shaft; an outer sleeve of the contact shaft is simultaneously sleeved on the outer side of the middle sleeve of the contact shaft and the pointed carbon brush; the outer sleeve of the contact shaft is housed in the carbon brush receiving sleeve.

5. The rotating electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow cup motor is housed and positioned in a motor housing; the motor housing is engaged in a slot in a clamping plate; the clamping plate is used to connect an external moving structure to drive the motor housing and the working electrode to move.

6. The rotating electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working electrode is connected to the transmission shaft sleeve through a sliding sleeve, and the two form a telescopic tube structure; a fixed sleeve is fitted on the outside of the telescopic tube structure to lock the relative position of the two.

7. The rotating electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base shell and the sliding sleeve form a sleeve structure; the base shell and the sliding sleeve are provided with matching through holes; a pin passes through the through holes on the sliding sleeve and the base shell to fix the two relative to each other.

8. An electrochemical measurement system, characterized in that, The device includes the rotating electrode as described in any one of claims 1-7, and further includes an electrolytic cell, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode.

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