Procedure with arrangement for the reproduction of media data

Abstract

Method with arrangement for reproducing media data with a control function controlled by the reproduced file for accessing the reproduction via a reproduction device with A) codes of reference addresses contained in the reproduced file, which designate sections of the file and their lengths from which points in the file can be selected for playback, B) an access control for the playback device corresponding to the encoding of the file, C) a blocking function which allows the reproduction of the file by the said encodings only in extracts or parts of the file influenced by the encodings; characterized in that i. a non-volatile data memory is provided in the playback device which, for each part of the file which is played back from a section which is played back for the first time, stores a file entry belonging to the played back section, which refers to the coding of reference addresses to the sections of the file and their length information mentioned in paragraph A) in the played back file, which is no longer immediately erasable by the user without further aids, permanently (i.e. even when the device is switched off), ii. and that by summing the lengths of the file as they correspond to the file entries stored in the non-volatile data memory for the reference addresses and their length information, the reproduction of the file beyond a total length limited by a predetermined limit is prevented in accordance with the sum formed by this summation.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method with a device (apparatus) for reproducing files from a data storage device or a data carrier in extracts monitored by a control function according to the device, e.g. visually (e.g. video, etc.) or acoustically (e.g. audio CD, MP3, etc.) or as a text file, hereinafter referred to as a method for reproducing media data (acoustically, visually or text) with a control function for access.

[0002] The present invention is based on the object of providing an improved method and an improved playback device which can, for example, play back files as audio or video signals (or also text or images), wherein from the set of a complete file (e.g. the spoken text of a book being read aloud, etc.) a part selected for access via a control function is played back.

[0003] General state of the art is described, for example, in DE19717149A1, EP1465040A2, WO2004 / 075088A1, EP1274000A1, DE69834218T2 and DE69535388T2,

[0004] The above-mentioned object is achieved by the methods and playback devices defined in the claims.

[0005] In addition to the further general applicability of the method, an MP3 player, a CD player, etc., is intended as a playback device.

[0006] In further development, for example, a generally applicable format is provided which, regardless of the data format used (e.g. any standard), can accommodate the parameters and addresses required to carry out the procedure in the file directly in an audio file.

[0007] The term "device" is understood very broadly here. For example, a so-called data-loadable electronic newspaper (or book), which already exists in the lab, can be used as a text display device. Graphic elements such as musical notation can also be displayed. For example, a dual footswitch (with two pedals) for page forward and page backward allows the music on the display to be scrolled forward or backward page by page, etc.

[0008] The technical task concerns the control function, which controls access for playback in such a way that, on the one hand, the user can freely access the content in specific sections, but can only play back a portion of the file's total volume. This total volume is not a predefined section, but rather results from the sum of the samples freely selected by the user during playback, which can be played back as often as desired. However, the total volume of the sections freely selected from a file in this way represents only a fraction of the entire file.

[0009] In principle, an endless number of data carriers (or loaded data packages such as MP3, etc.) should be playable with such a device. Furthermore, when the user repeatedly plays the files, they should always find exactly the previous status (regarding this file and the recording of the permissible playback volume) and should not be able to play back any further excerpts beyond the volume limited by the file being played, while in principle the excerpts should be freely selected.

[0010] Given the worldwide availability of playback devices for various data storage media that has existed for decades and their constant further development, including the use of multimedia computers for this purpose, especially in connection with use via the Internet (for downloading and playing back files), the task of the invention alone can be considered particularly inventive, because it gives both the multimedia sector and the distribution of classic print media, such as books, newspapers, magazines, etc., an enormous boost through the new technical aid relating to the invention. Preview: In this case, in addition to the embodiment according to claim 1, generally valid protection is also sought independently of claim 1 solely for a further development of the invention, using device addresses whose correspondence with the data carrier being played back must be present as a check address contained in the data carrier in order to enable its playback, and in particular in detail such that the data carrier is initially stored on a server (from which a file is to be delivered via the Internet) without a defined device address being present, but the device address is added accordingly by the server to the device connected to the client computer when the file is downloaded, and above all that the server can assign a device address to the device, i.e. can configure it, without this type of copy protection being able to be circumvented. This means that a new player can be sold as standard and play any number of non-copy-protected files (as before), as well as any number of copy-protected files. While the manufacturer must adhere to a certain standard, all devices are identical upon delivery; no individual fixed address is required. The device addresses are only assigned during configuration by the server or when a file is downloaded by the server, and are used for a consistency check (possibly with intermediate calculations for decryption using various algorithms) between the file and the device. ☺ Preferred option: Since different labels (brand names of file suppliers, or music publishers, publishing houses, etc.) can freely assign different device addresses, for a special further development the file name (or its encoding) is used as the address for addressing the device address associated with the conformity check and the procedure is as follows. When downloading the file from the server, a) the file name used to identify a specific file (regardless of the device or user) or its identifier is written into a non-volatile memory of the playback device; b) the device address assigned when downloading the file is saved under the addressing (link) of the file name (and / or label).

[0011] When playing a file, a coincidence check of the file name and device address is performed in the playback device, for example: a) Is the file name in question even saved? If so, then proceed to the next check. If not, then refuse playback and abort. Optionally, the file name can also be written to the playback device's non-volatile memory. b) Does the device address stored under the address (reference) of this file name match the verification address stored in the file (immediately or after decryption, etc.)? If yes, playback is performed; if no, playback is denied and the process is aborted.

[0012] The file name can also consist of a higher-level address (LABEL, or name of the supplier of the file) and the name of the piece = actual file name, or the address of the file name can be structured in such a way that, depending on the coding (e.g. differentiated by a control bit in the file), the device address is only addressed with the higher-level file name (ie only addressed with the label), or can be addressed with the entire file name (if the control bit indicates this).

[0013] At first glance, this measure appears to be very simple from a technical point of view, but it is by no means trivial, as the state of the art in the marketing of such data storage devices shows. For example, there are currently two opposing views on copyright law alone: ​​that of publishers, especially music publishers, and that of copier manufacturers for copying data storage devices. The proposal made here solely for the (to be regarded as independent) further development of the invention is the exact opposite: the music industry, and ditto the publishers, are to become the driving force for copier manufacturers, and conversely, the copier manufacturers are to increase revenue for publishers. Instead of copiers for compressed files (such as MP3s), there is a data storage device into which the data can be written and then transferred via the data storage device (as a mini device, plug-in card, etc.).) can be transported to another location and reloaded into an appropriate playback device.

[0014] This method also allows different storage media suppliers to block access to the storage media they supply, if necessary or if they detect that tampered media are being played on a device. The supplier can block access to only the storage media they supply by using an address that differs from the other suppliers' labels as part of the compared code for the assigned device address. The only address that must be reserved by agreement (like a trademark) is the supplier's label, as the parent address. This allows different labels to use identical filename addresses to optimally utilize the storage space in the playback device's non-volatile memory.

[0015] The present method, both according to claim 1 and the method discussed in the preview just given, goes far beyond a general program for data processing and can, in addition to the usual implementation with a microprocessor or a computer program, also be implemented in hardware logic, e.g. by a state machine sequencer, etc., or by a DSP program of a digital signal processor.

[0016] For deleting the non-volatile memory, which relates to the information of a file both for the method specified in claim 1 (or 2) and for the general copy protection method of a file, the same measures as in the further development claims can be used. Inventive problem in the context of the prior art: In addition to the already huge advantage of this advanced version, a major incentive to purchase such a device is that while the user can access demonstration files in their entirety (e.g., free of charge), despite unlimited selection from the entire file size, the file can only be played back to a limited extent (in terms of volume!). This means it's like television commercials: just when things get at their most interesting, the show ends. However, the difference is that the user can freely select the interesting parts from the entire volume. ☺ Since the user can test out a wide variety of music, videos, radio plays, read books, etc., using this completely new method for free, this type of device will, on the one hand, spread rapidly, and, on the other, publishers and the music industry will finally be able to provide their data storage devices with usable, device-specific copy protection. Of course, a variant is also feasible in which, for example, the portable device is connected to a computer (PC, notebook, etc.), enabling playback of the downloaded data storage devices directly on the PC if the user doesn't have a CD burner, etc. Thus, taking into account the great advantage that can be achieved with the invention for industrial exploitation and the state of the art, the technical problem itself can already be regarded as particularly inventive.

[0017] During the technical implementation, particular attention was paid to ensuring that the file size limit cannot be circumvented by repeatedly downloading or obtaining files. This process also takes special cases, such as a device defect, loss of the device, or a new purchase of the device, into account to prevent misuse as much as possible.

[0018] The main application of the invention is to play back sample excerpts from a file (sample file) freely selected by the user, thereby encouraging the user to purchase the file or full access to it (full file). Once authorized access to the file has been obtained, the user can only play the file on their device.

[0019] For the first variant (limited playback of a sample file), even with a smaller playback device, a device address is generally not required for a few hundred files (as long as the non-volatile memory is not erased, see later). This means that the user can load and play back the same file from another user and still not exceed the volume played back on their device, even if the user from whom they obtained the file played completely different sections (they still cannot play these). With a larger number of files (practically up to an infinite number), it is necessary to delete the non-volatile memory, the contents of which prevent playback beyond the specified limit, or even to delete it only partially (because it is full).In this case, a device address is also used for the files from which only test excerpts are to be played back, which is done by the server reconfiguring the playback device accordingly via the Internet.

[0020] Since each playback device is coded with a different device address, the server can allow the deletion of the non-volatile memory (of the device) whose contents prevent playback beyond the specified limit, e.g. only every few months, etc.

[0021] The second variant (unlimited playback of a full file) concerns the possibility of unrestricted playback of a file. For this purpose, it is advisable to encrypt a device address in the file, which is checked for a match with the address configured in the device when the device is loaded. Only if this match is met is unrestricted playback possible. As will be explained in more detail later, the device address in the playback device is configured via the Internet by a server using a key procedure. A device can also permanently store multiple device addresses for different purposes. For example,One device address is used for files that can be played back to their full extent, and one device address is used only for files that can be played back to a limited extent, if necessary (when the device's non-volatile memory needs to be erased to manage the file entries for new files). Alternatively, device addresses (including repeating ones) can be configured for several different labels (through which the files are retrieved).

[0022] The state of the art and common practice is the reproduction of excerpts from works, including readings from books, broadcast on radio and distribution via various data storage media. A preselected excerpt (or several excerpts) is made available to an interested party in the hope that they will then purchase the work. This practice is common both in print media and using electronic media (the internet, etc.).

[0023] Another very common method according to the state of the art (for a more distant comparison) is to provide data processing software with fixed, restricted use to the customer for a demonstration, e.g. preventing the saving of edited files, or counting certain processing steps, e.g. setting eyes (solder eyes, vias, etc.) on programs for the creation of layout patterns for the production of printed circuit boards, etc.

[0024] The application of the method specified in claim 1 of the present invention is primarily aimed at the playback of files (acoustically or visually). However, it also includes measures for processing the files using the preferred encoding / decoding of parameters and addresses, e.g., for generating the division of sections and their length assignments, etc.

[0025] The technical task of the invention is therefore to fundamentally improve the usual static limitation of a file for the usual reproduction to fixed extracts (e.g. of a work, book, CD, etc.) in such a way that a dynamic limitation of the file to extracts freely selected by the user becomes possible without the system being able to be circumvented.

[0026] The invention includes: the playback device; loading files into the playback device (e.g. via the Internet); access control to extracts or sections of a file to be played, where the file is played directly and independently on the playback device, or via a computer where the playback device only manages the file entries (for limitation); the placement of parameter values ​​and addresses directly in an audio signal without influencing or changing the format in which the audio signal is stored; the subsequent extension of the scope of access or the deactivation of access control for a file to be played; and as an extension option: the binding of the playback device to a specific person, in technical terms to a personally used network (e.g. telephone, mobile phone, etc.) or even to the voice of the user, in particular for the configuration of the device addresses, as well as for the deletion of the aforementioned non-volatile memory, the content of which prevents the playback of a file beyond the specified limit and enables the release of a file for unrestricted use. ➯ This new procedure allows for freely selectable parts or sections (as extracts from the complete file) to be made available to the user from a loaded complete file using a structured addressing (e.g. page addresses of a book, etc.), whereby the total volume (as a sum) of these freely selectable extracts is limited in a predefined way compared to the volume of the fully loaded file; e.g. in the simplest case as a certain percentage of the entire file.

[0027] Such as, for example, a certain percentage of a text present as an audio signal from a read-aloud book, a newspaper, etc., with a special feature that differs from the state of the art, namely that the part to be selected (excerpt) is not predetermined when the file (or a data carrier in question) is created, and that an optimized process or system is provided that ensures that this special feature cannot be circumvented by multiple users using a playback device.

[0028] The percentage by which the individual sections of the file marked by addresses (ADD, code) add up can be classified in different ways, e.g. for titles or headlines 0%, i.e. the titles or headlines are not added up at all or do not influence the overall volume. After the title, for example, the first couple of sentences are given 10%, i.e. their length is only given 10% in the summation, and the other text passages are given 100% of their length, whereby, for example, a total of 20% of the total length of the text (e.g. spoken as an audio signal) should be freely available. This means that the maximum playback length of the text in the section marked by ADD is limited to 20%.

[0029] This means that a length limit can be selectively defined for each individual section to prevent the entire section from being played back. Alternatively, this length limit can also be defined as a volume limit within a section, meaning that a specific percentage of the section can be freely selected and played back by the user. As always, global parameter presets can also be made in a file (e.g., maximum playback length of a section = 20%, etc.).

[0030] This means that for each section address, hereinafter referred to as the START address (with which a section is called up), the following parameters for limiting playback can be added: - the maximum absolute length of the section, measured from START, - the maximum percentage of the length of the section, freely selectable within the section, - the value of the length in % of the section as it is used for the summation of the volume, - and furthermore an optional indication as to whether, after reaching the limit of a section (e.g. the maximum length), playback should continue at the next section or at the next START address, or simply be stopped.

[0031] Depending on the complexity, you can also define subaddresses with corresponding parameter assignments, etc. These subaddresses cannot be accessed directly, but are used only as labels for assigning different parameters. The length (of a section) is measured depending on the medium being reproduced (e.g., acoustic or moving images) as a measure of time, or in the case of text, in the number of words, or in the case of music, in the number of bars, etc., or even as a percentage of the entire section.

[0032] ➯ In particular, while the same device allows multiple use to play freely selectable parts or sections of the loaded complete file, possibly even among multiple users while adhering to the predefined volume limit, regardless of how many users are using the device, it also allows, above all, after separate activation (taking into account the key provided for this activation), exclusive single use for the entire playback of the complete file by only one authorized user, without the need for a password. This has the advantage that this protective measure cannot be circumvented by unauthorized disclosure of a password for access, which would infringe copyright.There are even measures in place to ensure that if the device is passed on along with the downloaded file(s), another user can only use the device with major restrictions.

[0033] A particularly preferred playback device is a portable MP3 player that also has an Internet radio. Using a buffer memory (FIFO), several programs can be recorded simultaneously for hours and the user can also permanently save and copy selected music from it. However, upon repeated playback, only excerpts can be played back, with the option to purchase the entire file.

[0034] ➯ Or the device is also very suitable for a car radio with an integrated radio telephone / mobile phone connection, with the option that, for example, book texts, newspapers, etc. can be played back via the data storage device or downloaded from the Internet, e.g. to listen to excerpts and then buy a title (music, a book being read aloud, etc.) as an unlimited file from the home PC, whereby the file is loaded into the car radio as an MP3 from a server via the car radio's radio telephone / mobile phone connection, while the user is connected to the server via the Internet on their home PC. E.g. to first listen to excerpts from a book, then buy the entire file and the book, in order to alternate between listening to the book on the car radio or continuing to read at home, etc. The user then has the option of using the browser on their PC orThe server then sends an SMS to the car radio's mobile phone connection, setting the exact jump address to the point where the user stopped reading. If the car radio user switches to MP3 recording, they can listen to the book being read aloud starting at the specified point.

[0035] Or the user can, for example, independently of the application according to claim 1, have a subscribed newspaper read to him while driving, which he has downloaded via the radio telephone / mobile phone connection of his car radio using his home PC (by entering the telephone number of the mobile phone in the car radio).

[0036] For this variant, it is also practical to install the radio / cell phone module outside the car radio and conceal it within the vehicle. The car radio only has a corresponding interface to the radio / cell phone / MP3 player, making it very inexpensive to implement. The radio / cell phone / MP3 player module, which is housed independently of the car radio, is also equipped with a GPS receiver so that the location can be transmitted via the radio / cell phone in the event of the vehicle being stolen. It is also practical to integrate a microphone into the car radio, which can be used to record conversations via the MP3 memory and also retrieve them via the radio / cell phone connection.

[0037] The solution to this technical problem relates to the method according to claim 1 as the essential idea of ​​the invention with the specified developments in the subclaims and the measures for implementing the control functions for controlling access for playback, in particular when a portable device is used for playback, which can, for example, also be reduced to only part of the control functions and can be plugged into a conventional standard device (e.g. also in a car radio, etc.) as a plug-in module (if the previously described preferred option is not used).

[0038] Or the device has a modulator / transmitter to feed in via the antenna of a car radio (also via its switching with an RF relay), etc. Or these control functions can be built into an otherwise conventional portable CD player or MP3 player.

[0039] In particular, extensions are made to the file to be played back, e.g. an MP3 file or an audio file stored on a CD or a video file, etc., which involve the addition of addresses and parameters, with the associated address recognition and address checks provided in the playback device, and an evaluation of the parameters in order to implement the control functions for access. In addition to the usual storage of the file to be played back, the addresses contained in the file and their associated check functions are permanently stored in a non-volatile memory. This also includes the implementation of the deletion conditions and reinitialization when the non-volatile semiconductor read / write memory, in which the addresses controlling access to the information are permanently stored (and therefore retained when the device is switched off), is full and must therefore be deleted.

[0040] It is further provided that if a file that has already been played (heard or seen) is played repeatedly, the sections already heard or seen will still be accessible, but new sections can only be accessed as long as the amount of data limited to the intended share (e.g. corresponding to a predetermined percentage) is not exceeded.

[0041] ➯ In a further development, the specification of this share (or percentage) can be influenced by a procedure that allows unlimited access (100% access) to the file during playback, which, however, can only be performed depending on the identification of the user (or the playback device). And the file in question is updated (e.g., via the Internet) using appropriate access control.

[0042] Let me briefly explain why a customer should buy such a device? For example, to be able to play freely selectable excerpts from a printed work, or listen to freely selectable music tracks, etc., completely legally and without infringing copyright, using the option to obtain a file from the Internet. And if necessary, to be able to listen to the file collection loaded into the device using the MP3 format, for example, after paying a fee or after buying a book in question, etc., continuously or just once (for a smaller fee). It is precisely the enormous possibilities that arise from the seamless hierarchy of access to a copyrighted work, acquired in several steps, that make the new process so economically interesting.

[0043] The inventive concept is represented by claim 1. This is followed by subclaims characterizing further developments and options for implementation.

[0044] Even if the preferred method were to be implemented exclusively by software on a computer, which is in principle possible if the only playback device used is a computer (which can also be connected to the Internet), this is not a program that is used exclusively for data processing, but rather a novel memory organization controlled by a special method for address generation and address checking carried out to implement preferential access control (which is controlled by this new method in a special manner corresponding to the invention). As a further example, it is preferred that the aforementioned "playback device" with the non-volatile memory, for example, only manages (stores) the file entries, but the file is played back on a computer (PC) using appropriate software. According to the Patent Act, respectively.According to current case law, such a process is protected by the intellectual property right even if it is implemented exclusively by software, i.e. by a data processing program, if it is also used in accordance with the inventive features.

[0045] Preferred application: A preferred application of the invention is to provide a complete (e.g. spoken) book text, or an audio file spoken in the book text (as a read-aloud text), which is encrypted ( Fig. 1) is loaded into the memory of a CD player or MP3 player modified for the implementation of the method (e.g., via an internet connection or a data storage device), and is reproduced using an access control method corresponding to the technical task of the invention. For this application, the reproduced audio file (with the spoken text) is divided into sections corresponding to the book pages, with the relevant page numbers being displayed on the device and being able to be accessed or listened to according to the user's selection.

[0046] The user can start playback of the file from any designated start address (which here, for example, corresponds to the page number of the book being read aloud and is continuously shown or can be selected by pressing a standard forward / backward step button on the display, see access / operation in Fig. 1).

[0047] In the hierarchy, the following addresses and parameters, classified according to priority, are provided as a protection code to control access and, in a further development of the invention, are directly included in the digital code of the audio signal. It is obvious that this example can be modified as desired using other known methods.

[0048] Explanation of terms: The term "initialization" of the playback device refers to the deletion or reorganization of the stored security addresses and parameters that control the device's access. This is only possible if special security measures are observed, which are explained in more detail later. When initializing the device (e.g., using the Internet), the device address is primarily assigned. This device address has nothing to do with the data network protocol; rather, it is an identification address for the server. It is assigned not to the Internet connection, but to the playback device as an absolute and permanently stored address. It can only be changed by reinitializing the playback device. - Device address: The device address is contained in the loaded (playable) file and is checked against the address permanently stored in the playback device during loading. If it doesn't match, playback is generally refused (or the file isn't loaded at all). The device address in the playback device is configured during initialization, preferably via a central database on one or more servers on the Internet. Corresponding configuration options are provided to prevent different users from using the same device. These options are described in more detail below.

[0049] The use of device addresses allows the server program to better control the use of files downloaded from the server's database to a user. - File name: The file name is contained in the header of the loaded (to be played back) file and is entered into a non-volatile memory register (e.g. FLASH RAM) of the playback device as an identifier (address) of a list, hereinafter referred to as the file name list, when the file is played back for the first time and remains permanently stored together with this list, including its contents, until the device is reinitialized (see the term explained above), even if the file whose file name relates to this list has already been deleted from the playback device (MP3) or a corresponding data carrier from which the file was played back (e.g. a CD player) has been removed in the meantime.Also permanently stored are the parameters and addresses entered in the file name list for a file name, which are used to secure access to the individual sections when playing the file and are therefore referred to as key data of a particular file within the file name list.

[0050] For the application of playing back texts read aloud from books, it is still useful if the file name corresponds directly to the title of a book, etc.

[0051] A file name is created as an identifier (address) of the corresponding file name list, along with the corresponding section addresses as key data for the file, only when the file is first played back. The relevant excerpt(s) being played back are permanently stored as key data in the file name list of this file via their corresponding section addresses. For example, "file name" (page 1 to page 5 / page 10 to page 12, etc.). Of course, not the actual file is permanently stored, but only its section addresses with the corresponding current length coding (incremental as a step number, or as a time value, etc.).

[0052] It may be useful to provide an option for the file prepared with the section addresses, which, for example, allows for a short listening session (in seconds) of a section without the section in question being entered as a key value in the file name list. This parameter, associated with a section address of a file (see later for the [START + ADD] format), then corresponds to a delay in seconds over which a section must be played in order for it to be entered into the file name list (e.g., in a hash or an array) as a key file for access control during playback. Page address (or section address):

[0053] The page address in this example is the start address of a section of the played file, or in this case the associated audio signal, that can be accessed via this start address and corresponds to Fig. 1) directly following the page number of the printed text (a book, newspaper, etc.). These sections, along with their starting addresses (at the beginning of each section), are immediately adjacent. Since there is no special pause between sections, it is advisable, when a sentence is interrupted by a page break, to place the page address of the (next page) as the starting address at the beginning of the sentence, i.e., at the end of the previous page.

[0054] It is evident that the division into sections, or in this case page addresses, can be made according to any specifications, for example, subdivisions into paragraphs (page number / paragraph, e.g. 4 / 2 corresponding to page 4 paragraph 2) can be made, or the division into sections can be made according to any specifications, which is why the address referred to here as the page address is generally also referred to as the section address.

[0055] Note: When accessing or playing the file, the section addresses (here page addresses) are incremented accordingly (INCRvol) to determine the volume of the access.

[0056] For this example, the division into equal sections is proportional to the number of pages in a book (or the reproduced audio signal of a read text), i.e. the accessed volume can be directly determined from the number of pages. However, this is undesirable for many applications, whereby the corresponding classified volume, independent of the actual volume of the section, is added to each start address of a section as a calculation parameter and taken into account during playback or when adding up the volume. It is advisable to provide a smallest counting unit, the integer multiple of which is specified as the start address of a section. The INCRvol command (seeabove) then multiplies the smallest counting unit by the specified multiple and adds it to the current volume. The access volume is checked before each access to a new section to ensure it hasn't been exceeded (to block access to new sections). The start addresses of the sections are then also consecutively numbered so that they can be saved under a file name in non-volatile memory.

[0057] As a second parameter, which can also be optionally added to a start address, the maximum playback length of the relevant section can also be coded.

[0058] For example, in a music CD application, the start address of interesting tracks can be assigned this additional parameter to prevent the track from being played in its entirety. Conversely, a lesser-known piece of music can be allowed to play in its entirety (no specification) or at a longer length, etc. The same is also useful for newspapers, for example, where certain short articles should be prevented from being played in their entirety.

[0059] As a third parameter, which can optionally be added to a start address, a delay time Delay can be coded, after which only the reproduced section belonging to the respective start address is entered into the file name list for the key data.

[0060] Thus, for a section (here a page) the following characters placed at the beginning of the section, starting with the control character [START], are encoded in the following form: Format: [START]; [Option=Z]; [ADD]; [Parameter 1]; [Parameter 2]; [Parameter 3];....Audio, Audio, Audio, etc. [Option]; ....to a specified number of parameters optional format: specifies the number of parameters following the address [ADD]. [ADD]........Address, consecutive number associated with the control character [START], to designate a section with this number. Associated with this address is the section length, which refers to this absolute address and indicates the end of the section. This section length can coincide with the next value of the subsequent address (seamless transitions) or end the section earlier. [START].....control character used uniformly for all sections marked as start address to mark the beginning of a section; ADD...........The consecutively numbered section address, e.g. corresponding to a corresponding page number of the text; [Parameter 1]......Value of the volume percentage (relative to the total file volume; see the following explanation of percentage) of the portion of the section permitted for playback. If parameter 1 is not specified, the value added to the file name as a parameter in the file header is interpreted as the default value for parameter 1. [Parameter 2]......Length specification, e.g., in a unit appropriate for playback (number of characters for text, time unit in s for audio or video, etc.). Once this length is reached (e.g. also as a time specification in seconds), playback of this section is stopped and the user is informed, for example, how to obtain the entire file, etc. If parameter 2 is not specified to prematurely terminate a section, then it is interpreted as a length specification coinciding with the subsequent address of a section and there is no premature selective length limitation of the section, but the limitation is only based on the percentage specified as a parameter to the file name (see next point) of the total volume. [Parameter 3]......Time delay as explained above. If the listened-to section is to be immediately entered into the file name list for the key data, then a zero is defined as the parameter.

[0061] In addition to the device address, a default value (as a preset) of this parameter can also be defined at the head of the file, which is inserted into the parameters whenever only a character defined as a placeholder is used instead of a parameter value.

[0062] Example of a file header: new file..... [BEGIN]; [FILENAME of any length]; [START]; [Parameter 1 default]; [Parameter 2 default]; [Parameter 3 default]; START + ADD]; [Parameter 1]; [Parameter 2]; ....Audio, Audio, Audio, etc.

[0063] The bold italicized part corresponds to the file header. The [BEGIN] control character at the beginning of a file indicates the file name.

[0064] Example of encoding the format in any digitized audio signal (also compressed, such as MP3): In order to encode the control characters within a digital audio signal packed or stored in any format, a reduced code method can be used, for example, in which the maximum value of the control range resulting from the number of bits used is reduced by the value of 1 or a few further steps (as required) (ie is limited as the maximum possible control when processing the digital signal).

[0065] Whereby, if the key values ​​of the analogue signal correspond to a value range of, for example, +max.=01111...1110 to -max.=1000.....00001 of the two's complement representation and the actual maximum values ​​positive=01111...1111 or negative= max= 1000.....00000 are used (reserved) as a control signal, where, for example, the control character [START] which always precedes a code sequence is to be interpreted as an equivalent positive or negative number, depending on which half-wave range, positive or negative, the reproduced audio signal is currently in.

[0066] If a digitally processed audio signal is already present, it is scanned for the maximum occurring value and if the maximum values ​​positive = 01111...1111 or negative = max = 1000.....00000 occur, the entire signal is multiplied by a corresponding correction factor less than 1 to ensure that these values ​​no longer occur in the audio signal.

[0067] Thus the start character is defined as [START] = (01111...1111) + (1000.....00000), where +... means an OR symbol. Decoding a start signal [START]:

[0068] If a digital value corresponding to the digital start signal [START] is decoded, the transfer pulse for the transfer of the amplitude value corresponding to this coding is suppressed and the value is interpreted as the start signal [START].

[0069] For the register in which the respective (suppressed) amplitude value corresponding to the time frame would be written (stored), a value is set instead of the amplitude value (not present in the file). This value is derived from the previous amplitude value and the amplitude value stored after the control character as an interpolation value corresponding to the previous signal increase, even across multiple values, taking the curvature into account. This interpolation is further filtered by the reconstruction filter used during playback. The exact process will be explained later. Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 explained. The following further definition is used:

[0070] After the recognition (decoding) of a [START] character, a certain number of parameters or addresses should be transferred (coded) according to the counting sequence (counted parameters), whereby as an option, in addition to a fixed number of such characters, for example, the first parameter [Option=Z] before the address [ADD] can also encode or define the number of subsequent characters.

[0071] In the preferred coding (or preferred format), a mandatory sequence also specifies that for each parameter value P (or address, etc.) associated with the string of the [START] character, which is not to be interpreted as an amplitude value an* of the digitally coded analog signal, an analog value (IPL) corresponding to the signal rise and determined by interpolation is set at the respective time grid position (or stored for playback). An example of this will be given later. Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is explained in more detail. In this way, parameters and addresses can be placed anywhere in an audio signal reproduced with a linear time raster (CD format, or MP3, etc.), without having to worry about the format in which the audio signal is encoded during A / D conversion or decoded again during D / A conversion. This has significant advantages, as any ISO-standardized format can be used, and it is sufficient to insert the parameters and addresses immediately after A / D conversion in place of the values ​​corresponding to the analog signal, and then remove them again during decoding before D / A conversion. It is evident that the method is suitable for any type of analog signal, and therefore, in principle, also for video signals. In principle, it is sufficient to encode a jump label with a control character following the [START] character (e.g. if the data format is stored as MP3 in a RAM, and the audio signal and the data are stored in separate sections) and to store the string with the control characters (control characters) under this jump label, or the complete string of control characters or control characters can also be accommodated within the audio signal (e.g. if a CD or DVD is used as the data carrier, etc.). For example, in order to set the markers with the [START] characters in an audio file, it is sufficient to listen to an audio file with appropriate software that has been expanded to include this function and to set a marker at the appropriate points, e.g. via a key input (which is automatically incremented, e.g. page numbers are increased) and furthermore via a menu input a linear or individual volume unit is to be assigned, as it should correspond to the rating in relation to the entire file for access restriction, furthermore also a length restriction, which can also be carried out empirically by setting appropriate markers at the points in the audio file, or if necessary also the delay parameter already explained.Since the control characters, parameters, and addresses are written directly into the audio signal instead of a value of the audio signal, ready-made editing software can be modified with minimal effort to configure the audio files with the relevant addresses. Furthermore, placeholders can also be used to set the parameters and addresses by assigning variables, depending on the running program.

[0072] For playback, it is sufficient if the start character [START] is decoded as the first character of a control character string to start a multiplexer process according to a forced sequence, in which the next but one and all subsequent values ​​arriving at an odd-numbered position (relative to the decoding of [START]) of the time grid are interpreted as belonging to the control character [*], and all values ​​arriving in between at an even-numbered position of the time grid are interpreted as belonging to the analog signal [an*], as the following scheme illustrates: an540; [START]; an541; [Option=*Z]; an542; [*0]; an543;[*1]; an544; an545; an546....

[0073] The [START] character decoded as an amplitude value (01111...1111) or (1000.....00000) during processing (A / D conversion) of the analogue signal switches to the interpretation as a parameter to be interpreted for the time clock after the next but one (with which the values ​​of the digitized analogue signal are transported), i.e. after the amplitude value an541, and the value of [*Z] is read, in which the value Z=1 is located, which means that two more parameters ([*0] and [*1] follow), whereby the values ​​in between are each interpreted as amplitude values ​​an542 and an543 (switched with a toggle function corresponding to a clocked flip-flop, whose clock activation or reset or output value is set by the decoded [START] character, and clock deactivation is determined by the Z parameter or the number of coded parameters). It is evident that the number of defined parameters can also be much larger (e.g.Z=10, etc.).

[0074] The interpretation for the assignment of the values ​​obtained via the parameter list [* ;] to the assigned variables or addresses is carried out by a list that is passed from the file to the playback device independently of the audio signal of the file (at the beginning) after the file name and the device address and can also be modified within the file by using further code sequences each introduced with [START], etc.

[0075] The control character [START], which can be directly coded in any digital audio signal, can be compared with the control character ESCAPE commonly used in data technology in order to code any code sequence for any purpose.

[0076] After the last parameter character P (in this example P=[*1]) has been recognized (and counted accordingly) by definition using [*Z], all subsequent characters are again interpreted as amplitude values ​​an544; an545; an546....; etc.

[0077] Non-volatile memory: A FLASH semiconductor memory can be used as a non-volatile read-write memory, for example, or an electromechanical memory (hard disk), from which a volatile memory RAM is usually loaded when the device is switched on. - Percentage: The percentage is specified as a parameter in the loaded (to be played) file (e.g. after the file name) and concerns the specification of the permissible proportion (e.g. in percent of the total number of pages available, etc.) that is to be made accessible to the user in a freely selectable manner. - Checking the percentage: Each time a new section of a file is played, the first step is to check whether the section address ADD of the section currently being played (here page) is already stored at the address of the file name in the non-volatile memory (if not already created, this address will be added to the relevant list of the file after the time defined in the delay parameter has elapsed): If so, the INCRvol command, which increments the counter to continuously determine the accessed volume, or (in the case of unequal sections) to continuously add the volume when accessing the section of this (already stored section address or page address), is not executed, and the section in question (e.g., a specific page address) is played back (e.g., as an audio file of a spoken text from a specific book page). In other words, the INCRvol command is not executed until the already played portion of a section has been reached during playback.

[0078] If not, the INCRvol command is executed on the section of this (already saved section address or page address), i.e. the counter is incremented or (if the volume proportions of the sections are unequal) the volume specified at the start address of the section is added while the volume is being added. The result is then compared with the percentage (as a data value) to see whether the currently summed volume exceeds the specification (the percentage) from the file. If so, the list containing the sections already executed under the file name (as an identifier or address) in the non-volatile memory is locked and the start address of the section is no longer included in this list. If, on the other hand, the currently summed volume has not yet been exceeded, the start address is included in the list of the file name and the section in question is played back.

[0079] The status no also corresponds to this query if a section that has already been marked as played (by the preferred storage) is exceeded during playback, ie the exceeded part of the section is continuously checked for the specified maximum permissible volume and is permanently saved when the section is finished (see the following detailed explanation of Fig. 4).

[0080] This means that specific locations on the storage medium itself do not have to be directly assigned to which the user can or cannot access, as has been the case up to now. Instead, the selection of sections to be divided into arbitrary sections is left to the user. For example, after reading a section, they can listen to the next section or a newly selected section, etc. Only the total number of sections is monitored for access restriction. However, additional individual section restrictions can also be used (e.g., via the length parameter).

[0081] Preference list option: Another option is to define a parameter at the top of the file to be played as a preference list. This list contains a series of preferred start addresses (ADD) that the creator of the file has deemed particularly interesting. By pressing a special key, these start addresses of preferred sections (e.g. pages) are displayed to the user in sequence (e.g. as page numbers) (with a forward / backward function), with an overriding switchover to personal selection by the user is provided. It is advisable to include a text file in the source file which contains an overview of the individual chapters (corresponding to the start addresses to be jumped to), etc. By using the device in conjunction with a PC connected to the Internet, this selection can be further improved with appropriate menu navigation.

[0082] Fig. 1 concerns the example in which the division of the sections of an audio signal, indicated by start addresses and otherwise arranged one after the other without additional pauses, are divided according to the pages of a (read aloud) book (or radio play, etc.), thus the summation of the current volume without taking into account any further volume information can be realized by a simple counter Z in the program of the respective processor, which is incremented each time the above-mentioned (and so-named) command INCRvol is executed. The counter counts in a counting unit defined by a parameter (e.g., every 20 seconds of playback time, one unit, etc.). In the non-volatile memory, the total counter reading for each file is also stored in the list of sections already played (here page numbers) at a specific position (e.g.Position 0) is stored so that it can be loaded into the RAM of the processor (e.g. DSP) when the playback device is switched on.

[0083] A further development of the method includes the option of dynamically controlling the extent of the limited data volume (i.e. the predetermined percentage) to which the user has access. This is done so that, for example, when purchasing and paying for a book, the customer (or user) has free access to the entire spoken text of the book. This is achieved by appropriately marking the file corresponding to the book (via the percentage) when the customer downloads the file in question as an upgrade from the Internet (which can also be done in a bookshop, etc.). In addition to the option of attaching a password to a book that can be used once for a device address as a scratch-off note or in a sealed envelope, the bookshop can also activate the access (via the Internet) for the device address of the playback device.

[0084] This allows the user to have the book "read to" them via audio playback, then continue reading the book themselves, and then have the continuation read to them again, alternating as often as they wish. To better protect copyright, this extended function, which allows the user to access the full contents of the file, should only be available to the person authorized as a user upon purchase of the book, and the use of technical means should make it less attractive to share the playback device. This corresponds to the additional task specified below. Additional technical tasks.

[0085] The additional technical challenge concerns the connection of the device (which is identified by the permanently stored device address) to the user. Two variants are proposed here.

[0086] For both variants, an initialisation procedure is used, for example using a computer connected to the Internet, using the procedure specified in the preliminary application DE 10 2004 046 413.8.

[0087] In the preliminary application DE 10 2004 046 413.8, a method was specified with which the location of a computer, e.g. an Internet connection, can be linked in a tamper-proof manner to any telephone connection that is independent of the Internet connection of the computer, and this while excluding the possibility of manipulating the recognition procedure for this connection if, for example, another telephone connection were used for this purpose.

[0088] In the present method, the method according to DE 10 2004 046 413.8 specified here is used for an optional further development in such a way that when a file is downloaded via the Internet, the playback of the downloaded files is only possible, or these files can only be used in the device, if the device address stored in the device corresponds to an identifier which the server downloading the file checks and further checks whether the device or the device address belongs to the user whose password when logging into the relevant web page (to download the file) belongs to the telephone connection to which the web page is linked by the method with 10 2004 046 413.8. Practical example with reference to Fig.1 with extension option according to DE 10 2004 046 413.8 for initialization:

[0089] The playback device is an MP3 player equipped with a special chip (e.g. DSP) for carrying out the process. In addition to audio playback, it has a conventional file memory and a keypad with additional keys in addition to the usual control keys for jumping to the points encoded in the audio signal. In this case, every page of a spoken book text can be encoded continuously, for example, and paragraphs can also be marked. It is advisable to provide an interface between the device and a computer (PC, notebook) so that the starting position of the device can be found even on a computer with its far better options for menu structuring. Otherwise, it is advisable to design text input (if desired) to be compatible with SMS input on a mobile phone.

[0090] Furthermore, the device contains a display on which the names of the files contained in the MP3 file (in this case book titles) can be shown directly, as well as the page numbers to identify sections into which an audio file is divided and which relate, for example, to the reading text of a book, a drama, or a radio play, etc.

[0091] For the MP3 player configuration, the system is structured so that loading the data storage is only possible with the involvement of the web server from which the tracks are downloaded. The initial loading requires a one-time initialization of the playback device, during which the encrypted device address is permanently written into the device and stored non-volatilely (e.g., in a flash memory, etc.). For the CD or DVD player configuration, the file must also be obtained from a web server, in which case the user must then burn the CD or DVD themselves.

[0092] In both cases, the device address of the device can be assigned, for example, via a web page that is still linked to the telephone number of a telephone or cell phone. During subsequent downloads (via a computer connected to the Internet), it is always checked whether the user of the web page, via which files are (supposed to be) loaded into the device, has access to the corresponding telephone number during the download process. This procedure is an option that is not available, for example, in bookstores, where the customer can present their player so that when they buy a book, the corresponding file is either loaded directly onto the device (e.g.As an MP3, or a CD is burned with a file downloaded from the Internet. Before burning, the file is further processed using a suitable computer, into which the device address of the playback device is read directly via the device connection, so that the correct device address is included in the file. Or, if necessary, a new (additionally valid) device address can be assigned, which the user can then subsequently adapt to their device using the Internet and their web page access linked to them via a personal telephone number, using the server, etc.

[0093] If the option of additional use of the method according to DE 10 2004 046 413.8 is used, then each time the user loads a file over the Internet, the server checks whether the device address stored in a non-volatile manner in the playback device also corresponds to the telephone number that was assigned by the server to the user of the device by saving it in the non-volatile memory during the initial initialization of the device or, if applicable, during a correction (in order to link the initialization to a changed telephone number) via a file loaded into the recording device in connection with this initialization process.

[0094] In further development, the procedure is as follows: If the user wants to download a file from the Internet for use (regardless of whether directly, e.g. as an MP3 file, or via a subsequently created data carrier, such as a CD, etc.), then they connect their playback device via a corresponding port on the computer (USB, etc.) via which they have access to their hard disk (this can also be the connection of a network card, etc.), whereby the device address of the playback device is first copied to the hard disk via this connection, or if access to the disk via the Internet is to be blocked, it is saved in the area for cookies, or can also be copied to the copy storage (clipboard), from where the user can copy it into a corresponding window of the relevant WEB page by simply using the copy function.If the device address is visible to everyone, this usually does not play a special role, since firstly the playback device can only be configured via an encrypted file with the device address, and secondly a file can only be played on the device if it contains the correct device address, and furthermore the device address with a currently loaded file can still be encrypted in any way (so that if the device address remains the same, the visibly displayed address changes from file to file, etc.). Procedure for checking the connection of the telephone number to the client computer via which a file is to be downloaded for use on the playback device relating to the method according to the invention: a) The user calls an automated service number from their telephone (or cell phone, etc.) which relates to the server of the relevant website (or another connecting server, etc.). A small additional fee may be charged to cover the cost of the subsequent callback (voice over IP) from the server. During this call, the user holds their telephone microphone to the loudspeaker of their (client) computer connected to the relevant server via the Internet in order to send the identification signal emitted by the server, played through their computer's loudspeaker, back to the server via the telephone connection (e.g. after pressing a button on the relevant website).This identification signal, on the one hand, refers to an encrypted address and confirms to the server which current session the call charges (as reimbursement for the callback) should be assigned to. On the other hand, this identification signal contains the device address, which is transmitted to the server twice for security reasons: once via the internet connection and once via the acoustic coupling (via the client computer's speaker and the phone's microphone). The current session can also refer to a single IP address assigned by the provider's server, used only once for the session, as the user's sender. b) Using the received device address, the server identifies the telephone number it should call back. The telephone number that called the server can also be any other telephone number (landline, etc.), since the charges credited for this telephone call are initially credited to the session (website) through which the server received the device address via the acoustic coupling. Using this current session (website), the server checks whether the identification signal (an encrypted signal with a one-time use) sent to the web site (via the client computer's loudspeaker and the telephone's microphone) during its initial callback (after a voice announcement and after being triggered by a start button on the web site) and received back via the telephone connection matches (regarding the current session previously determined during the received call with the corresponding device address).

[0095] If the proximity of the telephone line (or mobile device) to the computer in use is detected via the acoustic connection established with the user of the client computer, the telephone number called, or the data transmitted to the client computer (sent and received by the server), then the user is considered authorized. Of course, depending on the application, a password and an additional access number may also be used.

[0096] If necessary, the verification of the telephone connection by monitoring the available bandwidth by the server, as already proposed in DE 10 2004 046 413.8, is also used to prevent any possibility of manipulation using an additional telephone line. As already stated in DE 10 2004 046 413.8, a filter implemented in the server's software is used to tune the connection according to an elapsed time grid in order to obtain a bandwidth limit that corresponds to the time grid. For the signal transmitted back to the server via the acoustic coupling (loudspeaker of the client computer / telephone microphone of the telephone or mobile phone, or microphone of the client computer / loudspeaker of the telephone or mobile phone), a time function based on this time function (orA further filter, also tuned to this time frame, is implemented in the software. This filter reverses the process when the audio signal transmitted as a file is sent, so that the original signal is reconstructed in terms of frequency dependence, taking into account the permitted bandwidth of the telephone channel used. An alternative to this method is to examine the received signal for frequency influences using an FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation).

[0097] It is also possible to provide the Internet connection directly in the playback device. Explanation of the figures:

[0098] Fig. 1 already explained.

[0099] Fig. 2 relates to a pulse scheme for implementing the already explained preferred coding of the control characters (X) nested in the analog values ​​of the signal, such as parameters P, addresses, etc., which are not associated with the analog signal an*, wherein a linear output time pattern (corresponding to output clock AST) is used and the resulting time offset is compensated for by a phase jump of the input clock EST at the time positions X at which the control characters are positioned. Fig. 6c illustrates this phase jump (phi) of EST: During the phase initiated by the START character of a certain number of control characters, which is determined by the value of the character Z = value following the START character, the output Q=log.1 of a flip-flop FF2 ( Fig. 6b), whereby the time for the generation of the (here) positive clock edge EST is extended to such an extent that EST no longer occurs in the current time frame X, but at the beginning of the subsequent time frame of a value an* of the analog signal, whereby the actual clock edge EST of the analog signal value an*, which is still present in the time frame, is retained and after this first clock edge, generated by the phase jump phi of the clock, occurs as the second clock edge EST within the time frame of an*. This means that the number of read-in clock pulses EST generated by the single-stage FIFO register ( Fig. 3) The number of analog values ​​passed through does not change and therefore corresponds to the number of FIFO readout cycles generated according to a linear (i.e., regular) time pattern. Since in this variant each control character (X) is followed by an analog signal value an*, a single-stage FIFO delay is sufficient (although with a different sequence, the FIFO can then be adapted accordingly, configured with multiple stages, etc.).

[0100] The clock pulse omitted in the time interval X of a control character is therefore made up for in the following time interval of the following analog value an*. Fig. 2, the readout clock AST of the FIFO is leading the source clock of the readout clock EST (see also preEST, EST in Fig. 3b), i.e. first read from the FIFO (with linear time grid) and then subsequently written, after a time interval X of a control character (in which no value is written into the FIFO), in the following time interval (from an*) the calculated interpolation value an-1 (IPL) is first written and also read out by the output clock AST (as belonging to the time grid of the previous value) and then the analog value an(ES) occurring in this time grid is written into the FIFO, which, however, is only read out again in the next time grid (e.g. X) by the output clock AST; whereby this time grid (instead of X) can also relate to a value an* of a series of values ​​of the audio signal that continues after a control character string inserted into the audio values, etc.

[0101] In the Fig. 2 diagram drawn along the time axis.

[0102] SPW....the series of symbols corresponding to the values ​​of the data carrier or data source (plotted over the time axis t), where an11....an25 are the amplitude values ​​corresponding to the amplitude, START refers to the decoded start character (01111...1111 or 1000.....00000), Z refers to the value for the counter specification for counting the subsequent control characters, consisting of parameters and addresses P. Only three of these control characters P are shown here, but any number of them can be used.

[0103] IPW....correspond to the amplitude values ​​obtained by interpolation, as they are at the time positions at which the control characters are coded, for the ASL output (cf. Fig. 3) can be used.

[0104] ES......refers to the values ​​corresponding to the data source, where X indicates the decoded control characters. The control characters are not written to the FIFO ( Fig. 3), which is intended exclusively for the temporally correct (linear time raster) playback of the audio signal. Instead, it is stored in a separate latch or memory area (DEC) and decoded ditto (see Latch outputs as the current memory address for control characters, and START output for the decoded start signal of the character string).

[0105] The Fig. 3 / Fig. 3b The clock signal preEST shown in advance of the clock signal EST to be generated corresponds to a linear time grid (with regular time intervals) and stores the control characters (or the start character START to be decoded) in good time.

[0106] With START a flip flop (see to Fig. 6c and Fig. 6a) is switched on, which is clocked with the clock of the characters on the data carrier and whose output indicates whether the code read from the data carrier is a directly coded analog value or a control character. Since in this example in Fig. 2, Z=3, after the third control character P, the flip-flop is set again so that its output corresponds to the constant interpretation of the characters as analog values ​​(an24, an25, etc.). A detailed implementation example is given for Fig. 6a to Fig. 6c is explained in more detail.

[0107] ASL....concerns in Fig. 2 the values ​​output to the D / A converter or to the reconstruction of the digitized analogue signal with a linear time raster (AST), where AST is the readout clock (the positive clock edge) of the Fig. 3 shown FIFO memory register (which is realized, for example, within a DSP by a RAM register).

[0108] The read-in clock EST (also a positive clock edge) is initially generated as a source clock preEST from the common preparation clock for the read-out clock AST. An EST clock that lags preEST sufficiently by the setup time (and delay time) corresponds to the read-in clock of the FIFO. However, with the difference from preEST that preEST, like AST, has a regular linear time pattern, while the read-in clock EST has a corresponding phase jump phi, depending on whether a control character or check character is currently being coded. Furthermore, preEST (ditto EST) is offset from the read-out clock AST such that the character (data) previously read into the FIFO with EST is read out with the subsequent read-out clock AST if the character sequence has a continuous analog value series of*...

[0109] For the control of the reading clock EST, two cases are distinguished: Case 1: Since the completion of a read control string (string of X characters with values ​​inserted between *....), no START character and therefore no control string has been decoded, i.e., the toggle flip-flop used to switch between control characters and analog data values ​​has a statically idle output. This corresponds to QF1=0 and Q=0 of the flip-flop circuit in Fig. 6b. Case 2: A START character was decoded, ie the mentioned toggle flip-flop (FF2, Fig. 6b) for switching between control character and analog data value is activated and switches the output Q alternately back and forth with a clock corresponding to the character clock.

[0110] The output Q (FF2) of this flip-flop is used to prepare the read-in clock EST, which, like the read-out clock AST, is derived from a clock with a higher clock frequency (e.g. generated with a synchronously clocked state machine logic, which also contains the toggle flip-flop mentioned, or possibly also generated in the DSP, etc.), for each detected control character for the read-in clock EST, the Fig. 2 to generate a phase jump; (where START is recognized directly via the code of the file, or the following characters Z, P, P, P, are each recognized by the output Q=1 of the flip-flop, which switches alternately to a defined state for each character after an amplitude value (an* value).

[0111] This phase jump phi is achieved, for example, by changing the charging values ​​(see LDZ and LDZphi of switch UMS, Fig. 6c), the counter used for processing the read-in clock EST (from a higher clock frequency) is used, in such a way that it is not the frequency, ie the number of clock pulses across the entire time frame, that changes, but only the phase phi, which is corrected again for the following clock edge, which after a control character corresponds to an amplitude value (an* value) of the signal to be reproduced. This results in a clock edge of the read-in clock EST in each time frame for the immediately successive amplitude values ​​(an* values ​​an11...an13 and an24,an25....), for which no control characters are inserted and thus no phase jumps of the read-in clock are initialized, with which the current amplitude value an relevant to this time frame is written into the FIFO register and (here immediately before) the amplitude value an-1 written in the previous time frame is read out, read-in clock edge EST and read-out clock edge AST are offset accordingly.

[0112] Example ( Fig. 2, Fig. 3): an11 is read in time interval SPW=an11 (EST) and read out again in time interval SPW=an12 (with AST), where in SPW=an12 the value of an12 is read in (with EST), etc. However, if control characters (START; Z; P; P; P) are inserted between ( / ) the amplitude values ​​(here an15 / an17; an17 / an19; an21 / an23) and are each recognized according to the method described (recognition of START and via toggle flip-flop), then for each recognized control character (Q=1) a phase jump control of the clock edge of the read-in clock EST is initialized for the relevant time grid. As a result, the clock edge of EST is shifted in such a way that for the FIFO memory, which exclusively concerns the reproduction of the audio signal or the analog signal (and not the basic reading of the data supplied from a data carrier or data source where the decoding of the control characters takes place), no (positive) clock edge of the write-in clock EST occurs within the time grid X relating to a control character in each case, and by extending the log.0 only occurs within the time frame following the relevant control character for the relevant amplitude value (cf. an17, an19, an21, an23).

[0113] This is achieved by a phase shift of EST triggered by the status of the flip-flop output, whereby two (positive) clock edges of the write clock EST occur within this time frame. The first clock edge does not take over the value read from the data carrier or data source within the respective time frame, but rather the interpolation value retroactively corresponding to the previous control character, which is not directly taken over but calculated (see value series IPW). This value is formed from the value preceding the control character (e.g. START) (e.g. an-2(ASL) = an13) and the subsequent value corresponding to the current time frame (e.g. an(ES) = an15) (where the value an14 is obtained here as the interpolation value IPL). Fig. 2, Fig. 3).

[0114] Example ( Fig. 2, Fig. 3): an13 is read in the time interval SPW=an13 (EST) and read out again in the time interval SPW=START (with AST), whereby in SPW=START (due to the clock edge of EST being shifted to SPW=an15) no analog value is read into the FIFO. Instead, at the beginning of SPW=an15, which is still at the output of the FIFO, or in the symbolic representation after Fig. 3 The value an-2(ASL) = an13 present at the SPA register together with the current value an(ES) = an15 is used to calculate the interpolation value an14, which is written into the FIFO register at the beginning of SPW=an15 with the first write clock pulse EST (as value an-1(IPL), see MUX in Fig. 3) and is read out again with the read-out clock AST, ditto subsequently with the second write-in clock EST the current value an15 (as value an(ES), see MUX in Fig. 3) is written back into the FIFO (after reading an14).

[0115] At the character an* following a control character (or the corresponding time grid), the toggle flip-flop switches back to Q=1, so that no more phase jump occurs for EST.

[0116] The Fig. 3 The multiplexer MUX shown further at the input of the FIFO memory is controlled accordingly via the control character recognition (recognition of START and via toggle flip flop) and within the relevant time frame in order to write the current amplitude value read from the data carrier to (ES) or to write an interpolation value to-1 (IPL) as required.

[0117] In case the interpolation value an-1(IPL) is written instead of the current amplitude value an(ES), it will be output again immediately within the same time frame.

[0118] Realization: The model of a circuit according to Fig. 3 and Fig. Although Figure 6b is very useful for explanation, it is much more advantageous to use a standard DSP (signal processor) and / or a digital programmable logic circuit (as an ASIC) configured as a synchronous state machine sequencer. This sequencer receives, for example, the decoded status signal of the decoded START character from the DSP. If necessary, it can also be implemented directly by the DSP using an internal timer for clock conditioning. Conversely, the state machine sequencer supplies the DSP with the two interrupt signals est and ast, where ast is an interrupt that leads the output clock AST of the output latch. This means that the entire timing can also be generated externally (as an alternative to internal generation in the DSP via the DSP's internal timer), and the FIFO register is implemented accordingly in the DSP's RAM.Likewise, the multiplexer MUX, shown here for illustrative purposes only, is implemented using corresponding access variables, whose contents are assigned according to the RAM write process. The same applies to the . Fig. Three explicitly represented SPA registers, in which a previously read value an-1(ASL) is stored with a delay of one time interval (as value an-2(ASL)), so that this value can be used for interpolation after receiving a control character. SPA is thus merely a variable that occupies a corresponding memory location in the DSP's RAM.

[0119] Furthermore, in Fig. 3: DEC....Decoding of the start character (START) and storage (latch output) of the control characters Z, P, etc. inserted between the audio signal values. This storage and decoding is performed with a leading clock preEST to the FIFO write clock EST, so that the measures related to the write clock EST can be activated in a timely manner before the arrival of the clock edge of EST. This concerns the suppression of EST within the respective time frame (of the control character) and the shifting of EST (by phase shift) to the beginning of the subsequent time frame (which again concerns an amplitude value an*). See also Fig. 6a to Fig. 6d. Fig. 6d shows a circuit proposal for this, Fig. 6c the corresponding pulse scheme.

[0120] To Fig. 6b: With a D-Flip Flop (Latch) FF1, the control character that introduces the character string (see above) START (DEK= START) is initially stored as the status “recognize character string” (QF1=1) and remains in this status until either a regular character counter Z ( Fig. 6b) the end of the character string is detected, or in case of a time-out error, a monostable timer (MONO), which is started by decoding START, is reset; in both cases, FF1 is reset. The character counter Z ( Fig. 6b) is loaded by the control character Z following the START character, or its value (cf. Fig. 2). The character clock pulses received from the decoding of START (or QF1=1) are counted, and the control characters following the START character are interpreted according to their position.

[0121] In the status “Recognize character string” (QF1=1) the toggle flip flop FF2 is enabled (via R input).

[0122] This diagram is only to be understood symbolically: the function is expediently implemented as a synchronous state machine clocked at a sufficiently high clock frequency, thus eliminating the need for the clock delays specified here, as they can then simply be implemented by "empty" switching transfer conditions (also known as NOPs, no operation) of the status machine. Likewise, if only D flip-flops are used and toggle flip-flops are avoided, the reset problem in the event of a time-out error is eliminated, as the state machine then always switches itself to a defined state when an undefined status occurs. Instead of implementing the status machine in hardware, this can just as easily be done in the DSP using the DSP's software.

[0123] To follow the simple explanation scheme Fig. 66, the leading clock pulse preEST is split into two further clock pulses pre1EST and pre2EST, where pre2EST is delayed compared to pre1EST such that the switching edge of pre2EST at the toggle FF of FF2 only occurs when FF1 has already been switched on via the decoding of the control character START. REG / DEC here symbolises the acceptance of the characters from the data carrier and their interpretation as control characters when Q=1 (of FF2). UMS symbolises the switching of the time period until the edge EST becomes positive (e.g. generated by a down counter Z2dwn), where the subsequent time for the next positive pulse is likewise corrected so that this occurs after the shift of the first pulse (from the time interval X to an*, cf. Fig. 6c) again (as the second impulse within the time frame) into the regular time frame (cf. an* Fig. 6c) of EST (see also Fig. 2).

[0124] Fig. Figure 6a illustrates the distinction between control character (X) and analog value an* by the toggle flip-flop (signal Q) switched with the source clock of EST (here referred to as pre2EST).

[0125] As already explained, the symbols indicated in the circuits, such as clocks, EST, AST, multiplexers MUX, latches SPA, REG / DEC, counters, etc., are to be understood as access times (concerning the clocks) or access variables (concerning the components) of a corresponding program (a DSP, etc.).

[0126] Fig. Figure 4 shows a diagram for the preferred volume monitoring of a playing file. When a file is initialized (started) for playback, the device program first branches to a search procedure to locate the file entries for this file in the non-volatile memory (FLASH Sp) (ADD=new?). If none are present, a corresponding entry is stored for this file. ADD here symbolizes a playing section of a file, whereby the file name is always queried first in order to manage the file entries in the non-volatile memory (FLASH Sp) under the file name.

[0127] During file playback, the length of a played section (associated with ADD) is constantly being determined (constant determination of L), which is then recorded in the file entries of the non-volatile memory s(FLASH Sp). Any resolution can be provided for determining the length for a section address ADD, where ADD then quantifies an absolute value and the subsequent codings, for example, only add incremental lengths, which are additionally encoded in the absolute value. In this case, only the most recent (current) value for an address is stored or constantly updated in the non-volatile memory s(FLASH Sp). Furthermore, it is possible for the absolute maximum permissible length for this section to be stored for a section address ADD; this length is also constantly checked (L=Lmax?) and, if exceeded, this section is aborted orPlayback of this section is blocked beyond the length Lmax. This allows, for example, the player to skip to the next section, which can also be indicated in the maximum length specification (by selecting a corresponding word) (Continue at next section? yes / no).

[0128] Whenever a section is blocked, this can be shown on the device's display, for example.

[0129] As already explained, the total volume of the played file is determined according to a specific key (SUM=max ?). This is done by summing the already played sections according to the file entries in the non-volatile memory (FLASH Sp). For this calculation, the length of the sections can be multiplied by a scaling (e.g., in %) stored as a parameter for the section addresses ADD (as already explained). If the permissible total volume of the played file is exceeded, playback is blocked.

[0130] Fig. 5 shows how, within sections divided by addresses ADD1.......ADD4, limits Lmax are provided for ADD1, ADD2, but not for ADD3 and ADD4 (since the limit coincides with the end of the section).

[0131] Fig. 6 see above.

[0132] Fig. Figure 7 illustrates an addressing example for a file on a data storage device, not to be confused with the section markings (ADD) made within the file. The control characters and parameters, or addresses, are also used for file addressing. Fig. 2 can be encoded directly in an audio signal.

[0133] The first piece of information evaluated from the read data carrier is the LABEL of the publisher or music publisher, film distributor, etc. Conveniently, the LABEL is further encrypted with a security code to prevent counterfeiting. This security code can, for example, be encoded in the audio signal, also as a sequence of tones, etc. The LABEL address read from the data carrier (from the data source) addresses the area in the non-volatile memory where the files associated with this label are stored. Since the LABEL refers to a unique brand name, but the file name addresses (FILE NAME) can be repeated (randomly) for different LABELs, confusion is avoided. The same applies to the assignment of device addresses G-ADD.

[0134] The control character following the LABEL is the parameter Z, which indicates how many control characters are to be read until the end of the string identifying the data carrier (also called header).

[0135] The following encrypted INFO information concerns how the control characters read in sequence are to be interpreted. For example, whether a device address is encoded, and whether the file contains FLASH STACK information that is to be loaded into the non-volatile memory as file entries if it hasn't already been loaded. Or whether it is a file that is to be played back in its entirety, etc.

[0136] Background: As already explained, the limited access volume of (e.g. free) sample files is intended to encourage the user to purchase the file in question, which is then encoded as a file with unlimited access with a device address so that it can only be played on the user's device. Since the device address (as already explained) for a LABEL can be freely configured by its server in the device, the files can also be played if, for example, the device is defective and a new device address needs to be configured. Since the device is linked to a telephone number when a file is downloaded, the server would later register misuse if another unauthorized user, for example, used a device address that had been reassigned (because the device was not defective) (because the device was not defective).The server can then write a lock flag for all files under this LABEL into the non-volatile memory of this device under its LABEL when attempting to download a file from the server, forcing the user to clarify the process, and so on.

[0137] If a file is purchased (with unlimited access) and the device address is included in the download, the file entries for this file (with limited access as a sample file) in the non-volatile memory are deleted the first time this file is played, as they are no longer needed (since the user purchased the file). This is also another prerequisite for the user to be able to play the file with unlimited access at all.

[0138] This means that if the non-volatile memory is full of existing file entries, this only affects the sample files with limited access and not the regularly purchased ones. If the user is forced to delete the file entries (to make room for new sample files with limited access and to be able to play them), this can be done by purchasing the corresponding files or by the following measure: The user connects their playback device to their computer (client computer), which is networked with the server in question, and has the option to delete the relevant file entries via the browser. In this case, the server generally changes the device address of all files to be played with limited access (sample files) on the playback device (via the connected data connection). However, this does not affect the device address for files to be played in full, whose device address remains stored unchanged on the device.

[0139] The browser also displays a list of tracks containing the files whose file entries have been deleted from the non-volatile memory. The user is then asked whether they wish to reinstall any tracks. If they do, the user can download these tracks again, but with the new device address and all the file entries (FLASH STACK) associated with these files, which correspond to user behavior (regarding previews, etc.). This allows the user to continue using the selected files, taking into account the portion of these files that has already been played, while still retaining space for the file entries of new templates (files) in the non-volatile memory.These selected files then contain the new device address and, in the INFO section, a note stating that the FLASH STACK must be loaded into non-volatile memory (only!) the first time the file is used. These file entries will remain there until the next deletion cycle, or if the file is loaded as a file for unlimited playback, thus erasing any other entries relating to the volume limit during playback from non-volatile memory. The files in . Fig. The file name check shown in Figure 7 for unrestricted playback of files that do not have a volume limit can also be omitted if, for example, the status of the file (no volume limit) is noted within the file as a special identifier. It is particularly preferable to do this using the Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, whereby this note authorising unlimited playback of the file is encrypted across the entire audio file. If the playback device independently detects that an attempt has been made to tamper with this file, e.g. if the identifier in the file header corresponds to unlimited playback of the file, but parameters still included within the audio signal indicate a file whose volume is to be limited during playback, then the blocking note is entered under the LABEL management of the file(s). This means that an attempt to play a manipulated file from a manufacturer (LABEL) is penalised by the fact that no file from that manufacturer (LABEL) can be played at all. The same happens if the LABEL entry for the file is tampered with, which is also encoded in various places in the audio signal.

[0140] To make deciphering control characters and parameters encoded in the audio signal as difficult as possible, it is advisable to statistically distribute their association. In this process, the individual bits of the words of, say, a total of 200 parameters and addresses are shuffled according to a specific algorithm and then reassembled in the terminal device (by the DSP), making it very difficult for third parties to decipher the codes and manipulate the file.

[0141] Further options for encryption: The Fig. The method explained in Chapter 2 also offers the possibility of using the audio signal itself for data encryption, for example, by using certain harmonics from the music file (which are not immediately noticeable) for further encoding. To do this, the harmonics are first filtered and then added to the digital encoding accordingly (e.g., using a modulo 2 code, etc.).

[0142] As from Fig. As can also be seen in Figure 7, for a file to be played back, the LABEL name must match the group address of all files associated with a LABEL, the device address G-ADD associated with a LABEL, and the file name must match the name stored in the non-volatile memory. Instead of checking a file name stored in the non-volatile memory, however, only an encrypted abbreviation can be provided in the file, indicating that this file is to be played back in its entirety. This abbreviation can then be freely selected and applied to multiple files, and is updated or checked in the non-volatile memory of the playback device when such a file is downloaded or activated by the server.

[0143] Fig. Figure 8 illustrates the updating of the device address on a device whose non-volatile memory contains the file entries for files that can only be played back at a limited volume. These files must be deleted using a special procedure (because the memory is full and the user does not want to delete the memory by purchasing files that can be played back indefinitely). For this purpose, the user uses their (client) computer connected to the Internet and, for example, a landline telephone connection, which proves to the server that the Internet access is being made by an authorized user (see also DE 10 2004 046 413.8).

[0144] The playback device is connected, for example, to a USB port on the (client) computer. Data is exchanged between the files stored in the non-volatile memory (MEMO, Fig. 8) stored information and the server that manages all files that can be obtained from a specific LABEL.

[0145] After the server has determined that the device address of the playback device, the user's telephone number associated with the device address and (optionally) the password entry are correct, the server reads the file entries stored in the non-volatile memory (MEMO) which concern the files to be played back only to a limited extent (and which form the protection for them) and then deletes the non-volatile memory (MEMO).

[0146] Subsequently, the server writes a new device address to the non-volatile memory (MEMO) of the playback device. This address only applies to files that are only allowed to be played back to a limited extent (and thus provides the protection). The old device address also remains in the playback device and is used exclusively for files that are allowed to be played back to their full extent. These two device addresses are differentiated in the playback device by corresponding identification bits. Different device addresses can be provided for different labels (or possibly for different other file groupings).

[0147] Furthermore, the part of the file entries read from the non-volatile memory (MEMO) is stored in the server for the device address and is included in the file when re-downloading files that the user already owns or has partially played (but which are no longer playable in their original version due to the changed device address) if the user downloads such a file again from the server (FLASH STACK, Fig. 7) and upon the first playback of such a file, the data corresponding to the last playback status (by the user) is rewritten into the non-volatile memory (MEMO). Thus, on the one hand, the user has reduced the number of files that may only be played back to a limited extent and can play the retained or re-downloaded files assigned a new device address without being able to expand the permissible volume (taking into account the portion already played). On the other hand, the user can play new files that have not yet been played and that use the newly assigned device address, as usual, with a limited volume.

[0148] As in Fig. As is still clearly shown in Figure 8, the new device address G-ADD is used for the playback of (sample) files that can only be played with a limited volume (which can also be changed several times in this way). However, for (purchased) files that are to be played with an unlimited volume, the originally configured device address is used. And only for those files that have already been partially played by the user is the transfer of the deleted information from the non-volatile memory (MEMO) to the file itself (with the new device address) necessary (FLASH STACK, Fig. 7).

[0149] Loss of device or defective device: If a user loses the playback device with the configured device address, or if the device is defective, or if a new device is purchased, then the playback device must be configured again if an external data storage device (CD, DVD) is used so that the user can use the data storage device, ditto if the data on an MP3 player was still stored externally on a computer, etc. In order to detect misuse in this case, it is sensible for the server to save the unalterable electronically encoded serial number in the playback device in the server's database and to check this number each time the device is connected to the server (also via a client computer, etc.) to determine whether the old device is still being used.

[0150] If this is the case, the server can block one of the two devices via a corresponding entry (when downloading a new file). It is advisable for the server to register the serial numbers chronologically in order to take the order of access into account when detecting multiple identical device addresses, and to be able to block all devices except the most recent access by means of a marker written into the device's non-volatile memory.

[0151] Thus, in this case (if it detects two different phone numbers for the same device address), the server is able to distinguish which of two devices with the same device address was the first (which was allegedly broken or lost, or replaced by a new device), and can thus block illegally operated devices by making an entry in the non-volatile memory (MEMO).

[0152] This procedure can be further refined on a person-by-person basis if the connection to a telephone number is still used (since, for example, mobile phones with their telephone card tied to a network operator are generally not lent out that often).

[0153] A further additional embodiment is to design the playback device in such a way that it can also be used as copy protection for a computer (PC), wherein the playback device is connected to the computer (PC) that plays back the file via a data interface (e.g. USB, etc.), the file is stored encrypted on the computer's mass storage device (hard drive, etc.) and the software used to decrypt the file can access the non-volatile memory of the playback device via the data interface in order to read and update the file entries relating to the playback limitation, wherein the file is also decrypted in a format that can be processed by standard audio software and the read file is offered to software that is customary for playing the file in relation to the computer's operating system as if it were being read from a mass storage device of the computer (hard drive, etc.) read. Technical task in comparison with the state of the art:

[0154] The aim is to play back a part selected for access via a control function from the set of a complete file (e.g. the spoken text of a book being read aloud, etc.) on a playback device, or a functional unit of such a device modified for this purpose, which can, for example, play back files as audio or video signals (or text or images). In addition to the further general applicability of the method, an MP3 player, a CD player, etc., is intended as a playback device.

[0155] In further development, for example, a generally applicable format is provided which, regardless of the data format used (e.g. any standard), can accommodate the parameters and addresses required to carry out the procedure in the file directly in an audio file.

[0156] The term "device" is understood very broadly here. For example, a so-called data-loadable electronic newspaper (or book), which already exists in the lab, can be used as a text display device. Graphic elements such as musical notation can also be displayed. For example, a dual footswitch (with two pedals) for page forward and page backward allows the music on the display to be scrolled forward or backward page by page, etc.

[0157] The technical task concerns the control function, which controls access for playback in such a way that, on the one hand, the user can freely access the content in specific sections, but can only play back a portion of the file's overall volume. This overall volume is not a fixed, predefined section, but rather results from the sum of the samples freely selected by the user during playback, which can be played back as often as desired. However, the total volume of the sections freely selected from a file in this way represents only a fraction of the entire file. In principle, an endless number of data carriers (or loaded data packages such as MP3, etc.) should be playable with such a device. Furthermore, when the user repeatedly plays the files, they should always find exactly the previous status (regarding this file and the recording of the permissible playback volume) and should not be able to play back any further excerpts beyond the volume limited by the file being played, while in principle the excerpts can be freely selected.

[0158] Given the worldwide availability of playback devices for various data storage media that has existed for decades and their constant further development, including the use of multimedia computers for this purpose, especially in connection with use via the Internet (for downloading and playing back files), the task of the invention alone can be considered particularly inventive, because it gives both the multimedia sector and the distribution of classic print media, such as books, newspapers, magazines, etc., an enormous boost through the new technical aid relating to the invention. Preview: In this case, in addition to the embodiment according to claim 1, generally valid protection is also sought independently of claim 1 solely for a further development of the invention, using device addresses whose correspondence with the data carrier being played back must be present as a check address contained in the data carrier in order to enable its playback, and in particular in detail such that the data carrier is initially stored on a server (from which a file is to be delivered via the Internet) without a defined device address being present, but the device address is added accordingly by the server to the device connected to the client computer when the file is downloaded, and above all that the server can assign a device address to the device, i.e. can configure it, without this type of copy protection being able to be circumvented. This means that a new player can be sold as standard and play any number of non-copy-protected files (as before), as well as any number of copy-protected files. While the manufacturer must adhere to a certain standard, all devices are identical upon delivery; no individual fixed address is required. The device addresses are only assigned during configuration by the server or when a file is downloaded by the server, and are used for a consistency check (possibly with intermediate calculations for decryption using various algorithms) between the file and the device.

[0159] ☺ Preferred option: Since different labels (brand names of file suppliers, or music publishers, publishing houses, etc.) can freely assign different device addresses, for a special further development the file name (or its encoding) is used as the address for addressing the device address associated with the conformity check and the procedure is as follows.

[0160] When downloading the file from the server, a) the file name used to identify a specific file (regardless of the device or user) or its identifier is written into a non-volatile memory of the playback device; b) the device address assigned when downloading the file is saved under the addressing (link) of the file name (and / or label).

[0161] When playing a file, a coincidence check of the file name and device address is performed in the playback device, for example: a) Is the file name in question even saved? If so, then proceed to the next check. If not, then refuse playback and abort. Optionally, the file name can also be written to the playback device's non-volatile memory. b) Does the device address stored under the address (reference) of this file name match the verification address stored in the file (immediately or after decryption, etc.)? If yes, playback is performed; if no, playback is denied and the process is aborted.

[0162] The file name can also consist of a higher-level address (LABEL, or name of the supplier of the file) and the name of the piece = actual file name, or the address of the file name can be structured in such a way that, depending on the coding (e.g. differentiated by a control bit in the file), the device address is only addressed with the higher-level file name (ie only addressed with the label), or can be addressed with the entire file name (if the control bit indicates this).

[0163] At first glance, this measure appears to be very simple from a technical point of view, but it is by no means trivial, as the state of the art in the marketing of such data storage devices shows. For example, there are currently two opposing views on copyright law alone: ​​that of publishers, especially music publishers, and that of copier manufacturers for copying data storage devices. The proposal made here solely for the (to be regarded as independent) further development of the invention is the exact opposite: the music industry, and ditto the publishers, are to become the driving force for copier manufacturers, and conversely, the copier manufacturers are to increase revenue for publishers. Instead of copiers for compressed files (such as MP3s), there is a data storage device into which the data can be written and then transferred via the data storage device (as a mini device, plug-in card, etc.).) can be transported to another location and reloaded into an appropriate playback device.

[0164] This method also allows different storage media suppliers to block access to the storage media they supply, if necessary or if they detect that tampered media are being played on a device. The supplier can block access to only the storage media they supply by using an address that differs from the other suppliers' labels as part of the compared code for the assigned device address. The only address that must be reserved by agreement (like a trademark) is the supplier's label, as the parent address. This allows different labels to use identical filename addresses to optimally utilize the storage space in the playback device's non-volatile memory.

[0165] The present method, both according to claim 1 and the method discussed in the preview just given, goes far beyond a general program for data processing and can, in addition to the usual implementation with a microprocessor or a computer program, also be implemented in hardware logic, e.g. by a state machine sequencer, etc., or by a DSP program of a digital signal processor.

[0166] For deleting the non-volatile memory, which relates to the information of a file both for the method specified in claim 1 (or 2) and for the general copy protection method of a file, the same measures as in the further development claims can be used. Inventive problem in the context of the prior art: In addition to the already huge advantage of this advanced version, a major incentive to purchase such a device is that while the user can access demonstration files in their entirety (e.g., free of charge), despite unlimited selection from the entire file size, the file can only be played back to a limited extent (in terms of volume!). This means it's like television commercials: just when things get at their most interesting, the show ends. However, the difference is that the user can freely select the interesting parts from the entire volume. ☺ Since the user can test out a wide variety of music, videos, radio plays, read books, etc., using this completely new method for free, this type of device will, on the one hand, spread rapidly, and, on the other, publishers and the music industry will finally be able to provide their data storage devices with usable, device-specific copy protection. Of course, a variant is also feasible in which, for example, the portable device is connected to a computer (PC, notebook, etc.), enabling playback of the downloaded data storage devices directly on the PC if the user doesn't have a CD burner, etc. Thus, taking into account the great advantage that can be achieved with the invention for industrial exploitation and the state of the art, the technical problem itself can already be regarded as particularly inventive.

[0167] During the technical implementation, particular attention was paid to ensuring that the file size limit cannot be circumvented by repeatedly downloading or obtaining files. This process also takes special cases, such as a device defect, loss of the device, or a new purchase of the device, into account to prevent misuse as much as possible.

[0168] The main application of the invention is to play back sample excerpts from a file (sample file) freely selected by the user, thereby encouraging the user to purchase the file or full access to it (full file). Once authorized access to the file has been obtained, the user can only play the file on their device.

[0169] For the first variant (limited playback of a sample file), even with a smaller playback device, a device address is generally not required for a few hundred files (as long as the non-volatile memory is not erased, see later). This means that the user can load and play back the same file from another user and still not exceed the volume played back on their device, even if the user from whom they obtained the file played completely different sections (they still cannot play these). With a larger number of files (practically up to an infinite number), it is necessary to delete the non-volatile memory, the contents of which prevent playback beyond the specified limit, or even to delete it only partially (because it is full).In this case, a device address is also used for the files from which only test excerpts are to be played back, which is done by the server reconfiguring the playback device accordingly via the Internet.

[0170] Since each playback device is coded with a different device address, the server can allow the deletion of the non-volatile memory (of the device) whose contents prevent playback beyond the specified limit, e.g. only every few months, etc.

[0171] The second variant (unlimited playback of a full file) concerns the possibility of unrestricted playback of a file. For this purpose, it is advisable to encrypt a device address in the file, which is checked for a match with the address configured in the device when the device is loaded. Only if this match is met is unrestricted playback possible. As will be explained in more detail later, the device address in the playback device is configured via the Internet by a server using a key procedure. A device can also permanently store multiple device addresses for different purposes. For example,One device address is used for files that can be played back to their full extent, and one device address is used only for files that can be played back to a limited extent, if necessary (when the device's non-volatile memory needs to be erased to manage the file entries for new files). Alternatively, device addresses (including repeating ones) can be configured for several different labels (through which the files are retrieved).

[0172] The state of the art and common practice is the reproduction of excerpts from works, including readings from books, broadcast on radio and distribution via various data media. A preselected excerpt (or several excerpts) is made available to an interested party in the hope that they will then purchase the work. This practice is common both in print media and using electronic media (the internet, etc.).

[0173] Another very common method according to the state of the art (for a more distant comparison) is to provide data processing software with fixed, restricted use to the customer for a demonstration, e.g. preventing the saving of edited files, or counting certain processing steps, e.g. setting eyes (solder eyes, vias, etc.) on programs for the creation of layout patterns for the production of printed circuit boards, etc.

[0174] The application of the method specified in claim 1 of the present invention is primarily aimed at the playback of files (acoustically or visually). However, it also includes measures for processing the files using the preferred encoding / decoding of parameters and addresses, e.g., for generating the division of sections and their length assignments, etc.

[0175] The technical task of the invention is therefore to fundamentally improve the usual static limitation of a file for the usual reproduction to fixed extracts (e.g. of a work, book, CD, etc.) in such a way that a dynamic limitation of the file to extracts freely selected by the user becomes possible without the system being able to be circumvented.

[0176] The invention includes: the playback device; loading files into the playback device (e.g. via the Internet); access control to excerpts or sections of a file to be played back, whereby the file is played back directly and independently on the playback device, or via a computer, where the playback device only manages the file entries (for limitation purposes); the placement of parameter values ​​and addresses directly in an audio signal without influencing or changing the format in which the audio signal is stored; the subsequent extension of the scope of access or the deactivation of access control for a file to be played; and as an extension option: the binding of the playback device to a specific person, in technical terms to a personally used network (e.g. telephone, mobile phone, etc.) or even to the voice of the user, in particular for the configuration of the device addresses, as well as for the deletion of the aforementioned non-volatile memory, the content of which prevents the playback of a file beyond the specified limit and enables the release of a file for unrestricted use. ➯ This new procedure allows for freely selectable parts or sections (as extracts from the complete file) to be made available to the user from a loaded complete file using a structured addressing (e.g. page addresses of a book, etc.), whereby the total volume (as a sum) of these freely selectable extracts is limited in a predefined way compared to the volume of the fully loaded file; e.g. in the simplest case as a certain percentage of the entire file.

[0177] Such as, for example, a certain percentage of a text present as an audio signal from a read-aloud book, a newspaper, etc., with a special feature that differs from the state of the art, namely that the part to be selected (excerpt) is not predetermined when the file (or a data carrier in question) is created, and that an optimized process or system is provided that ensures that this special feature cannot be circumvented by multiple users using a playback device.

[0178] The percentage with which the individual sections of the file marked by addresses (ADD, code) add up can be classified in different ways, e.g. for titles or headlines 0%, i.e. the titles or headlines are not added up at all or do not influence the overall volume. After the title, for example, the first couple of sentences are given 10%, i.e. their length is only given 10% in the summation, and the other text passages are given 100% of their length, whereby, for example, a total of 20% of the total length of the text (e.g. spoken as an audio signal) should be freely available. This means that the maximum playback length of the text in the section marked by ADD is limited to 20%. This means that for each of the individual sections a length limit can be selectively defined for each section to prevent the entire section from being played back.Alternatively, this length limit can also be defined as a volume limit within a section, meaning that a specific percentage of the section can be freely selected and played back by the user. As always, global parameter presets can also be made within a file (e.g., maximum playback length of a section = 20%, etc.).

[0179] This means that for each section address, hereinafter referred to as the START address (with which a section is called up), the following parameters for limiting playback can be added: - the maximum absolute length of the section, measured from START, - the maximum percentage of the length of the section, freely selectable within the section, - the value of the length in % of the section as it is used for the summation of the volume, - and furthermore an optional indication as to whether, after reaching the limit of a section (e.g. the maximum length), playback should continue at the next section or at the next START address, or simply be stopped.

[0180] Depending on the complexity, you can also define subaddresses with corresponding parameter assignments, etc. These subaddresses cannot be accessed directly, but are used only as labels for assigning different parameters. The length (of a section) is measured depending on the medium being reproduced (e.g., acoustic or moving images) as a measure of time, or in the case of text, in the number of words, or in the case of music, in the number of bars, etc., or even as a percentage of the entire section.

[0181] ➯ In particular, while the same device allows multiple use to play freely selectable parts or sections of the loaded complete file, possibly even among multiple users while adhering to the predefined volume limit, regardless of how many users are using the device, it also allows, above all, after separate activation (taking into account the key provided for this activation), exclusive single use for the entire playback of the complete file by only one authorized user, without the need for a password. This has the advantage that this protective measure cannot be circumvented by unauthorized disclosure of a password for access, which would infringe copyright.There are even measures in place to ensure that if the device is passed on along with the downloaded file(s), another user can only use the device with major restrictions.

[0182] A particularly preferred playback device is a portable MP3 player that also has an Internet radio. Using a buffer memory (FIFO), several programs can be recorded simultaneously for hours and the user can also permanently save and copy selected music from it. However, upon repeated playback, only excerpts can be played back, with the option to purchase the entire file.

[0183] ➯ Or the device is also very suitable for a car radio with an integrated radio telephone / mobile phone connection, with the option that, for example, book texts, newspapers, etc. can be played back via the data storage device or downloaded from the Internet, e.g. to listen to excerpts and then buy a title (music, a book being read aloud, etc.) as an unlimited file from the home PC, whereby the file is loaded into the car radio as an MP3 from a server via the car radio's radio telephone / mobile phone connection, while the user is connected to the server via the Internet on their home PC. E.g. to first listen to excerpts from a book, then buy the entire file and the book, in order to alternate between listening to the book on the car radio or continuing to read at home, etc. The user then has the option of using the browser on their PC orThe server then sends an SMS to the car radio's mobile phone connection, setting the exact jump address to the point where the user stopped reading. If the car radio user switches to MP3 recording, they can listen to the book being read aloud starting at the specified point.

[0184] Or the user can, for example, independently of the application according to claim 1, have a subscribed newspaper read to him while driving, which he has downloaded via the radio telephone / mobile phone connection of his car radio using his home PC (by entering the telephone number of the mobile phone in the car radio).

[0185] For this variant, it is also practical to install the radio / cell phone module outside the car radio and conceal it within the vehicle. The car radio only has a corresponding interface to the radio / cell phone / MP3 player, making it very inexpensive to implement. The radio / cell phone / MP3 player module, which is housed independently of the car radio, is also equipped with a GPS receiver so that the location can be transmitted via the radio / cell phone in the event of the vehicle being stolen. It is also practical to integrate a microphone into the car radio, which can be used to record conversations via the MP3 memory and also retrieve them via the radio / cell phone connection.

[0186] The solution to this technical problem relates to the method according to claim 1 as the essential idea of ​​the invention with the specified developments in the subclaims and the measures for implementing the control functions for controlling access for playback, in particular when a portable device is used for playback, which can, for example, also be reduced to only part of the control functions and can be plugged into a conventional standard device (e.g. also in a car radio, etc.) as a plug-in module (if the previously described preferred option is not used).

[0187] Or the device has a modulator / transmitter to feed in via the antenna of a car radio (also via its switching with an RF relay), etc. Or these control functions can be built into an otherwise conventional portable CD player or MP3 player.

[0188] In particular, extensions are made to the file to be played back, e.g. an MP3 file or an audio file stored on a CD or a video file, etc., which involve the addition of addresses and parameters, with the associated address recognition and address checks provided in the playback device, and an evaluation of the parameters in order to implement the control functions for access. In addition to the usual storage of the file to be played back, the addresses contained in the file and their associated check functions are permanently stored in a non-volatile memory. This also includes the implementation of the deletion conditions and reinitialization when the non-volatile semiconductor read / write memory, in which the addresses controlling access to the information are permanently stored (and therefore retained when the device is switched off), is full and must therefore be deleted.

[0189] It is further provided that if a file that has already been played (heard or seen) is played repeatedly, the sections already heard or seen will still be accessible, but new sections can only be accessed as long as the amount of data limited to the intended share (e.g. corresponding to a predetermined percentage) is not exceeded.

[0190] ➯ In a further development, the specification of this share (or percentage) can be influenced by a procedure that allows unlimited access (100% access) to the file during playback, which, however, can only be performed depending on the identification of the user (or the playback device). And the file in question is updated (e.g., via the Internet) using appropriate access control.

[0191] Let me briefly explain why a customer should buy such a device? For example, to be able to play freely selectable excerpts from a printed work, or listen to freely selectable music tracks, etc., completely legally and without infringing copyright, using the option to obtain a file from the Internet. And if necessary, to be able to listen to the file collection loaded into the device using the MP3 format, for example, after paying a fee or after buying a book in question, etc., either continuously or just once (for a smaller fee). It is precisely the enormous possibilities that arise from the seamless hierarchy of access to a copyrighted work, acquired in several steps, that make the new process so economically interesting.

[0192] The inventive concept is represented by claim 1. This is followed by subclaims characterizing further developments and options for implementation.

[0193] Even if the preferred method were to be implemented exclusively by software on a computer, which is in principle possible if the only playback device used is a computer (which can also be connected to the Internet), this is not a program that is used exclusively for data processing, but rather a novel memory organization controlled by a special method for address generation and address checking carried out to implement preferential access control (which is controlled by this new method in a special manner corresponding to the invention). As a further example, it is preferred that the aforementioned "playback device" with the non-volatile memory, for example, only manages (stores) the file entries, but the file is played back on a computer (PC) using appropriate software. According to the Patent Act, respectively.According to current case law, such a process is protected by the intellectual property right even if it is implemented exclusively by software, i.e. by a data processing program, if it is also used in accordance with the inventive features.

[0194] Preferred application: A preferred application of the invention is to provide a complete (e.g. spoken) book text, or an audio file spoken in the book text (as a read-aloud text), which is encrypted ( Fig. 1, Fig. 11) is loaded into the memory of a CD player or MP3 player modified for carrying out the method (e.g., via an internet connection or a data storage device), using an access control method corresponding to the technical task of the invention. For this application, the played audio file (with the spoken text) is divided into sections corresponding to the book pages, with the relevant page numbers being displayed on the device and being able to be accessed or listened to according to the user's selection.

[0195] The user can start playback of the file from any designated start address (which here, for example, corresponds to the page number of the book being read aloud and is continuously shown or can be selected by pressing a standard forward / backward step button on the display, see access / operation in Fig. 1, Fig. 11).

[0196] In the hierarchy, the following addresses and parameters, classified according to priority, are provided as a protection code to control access and, in a further development of the invention, are directly included in the digital code of the audio signal. It is obvious that this example can be modified as desired using other known methods.

[0197] Explanation of terms: The term "initialization" of the playback device refers to the deletion or reorganization of the stored security addresses and parameters that control the device's access. This is only possible if special security measures are observed, which are explained in more detail later. When initializing the device (e.g., using the Internet), the device address is primarily assigned. This device address has nothing to do with the data network protocol; rather, it is an identification address for the server. It is assigned not to the Internet connection, but to the playback device as an absolute and permanently stored address. It can only be changed by reinitializing the playback device. - Device address: The device address is contained in the loaded (playable) file and is checked against the address permanently stored in the playback device during loading. If it doesn't match, playback is generally refused (or the file isn't loaded at all). The device address in the playback device is configured during initialization, preferably via a central database on one or more servers on the Internet. Corresponding configuration options are provided to prevent different users from using the same device. These options are described in more detail below.

[0198] The use of device addresses allows the server program to better control the use of files downloaded from the server's database to a user. - File name: The file name is contained in the header of the loaded (to be played back) file and is entered into a non-volatile memory register (e.g. FLASH RAM) of the playback device as an identifier (address) of a list, hereinafter referred to as the file name list, when the file is played back for the first time and remains permanently stored together with this list, including its contents, until the device is reinitialized (see the term explained above), even if the file whose file name relates to this list has already been deleted from the playback device (MP3) or a corresponding data carrier from which the file was played back (e.g. a CD player) has been removed in the meantime.Also permanently stored are the parameters and addresses entered in the file name list for a file name, which are used to secure access to the individual sections when playing the file and are therefore referred to as key data of a particular file within the file name list.

[0199] For the application of playing back texts read aloud from books, it is still useful if the file name corresponds directly to the title of a book, etc.

[0200] A file name is created as an identifier (address) of the corresponding file name list, along with the corresponding section addresses as key data for the file, only when the file is first played back. The relevant excerpt(s) being played back are permanently stored as key data in the file name list of this file via their corresponding section addresses. For example, "file name" (page 1 to page 5 / page 10 to page 12, etc.). Of course, not the actual file is permanently stored, but only its section addresses with the corresponding current length coding (incremental as a step number, or as a time value, etc.).

[0201] It may be useful to provide an option for the file prepared with the section addresses, which, for example, allows for a short listening session (in seconds) of a section without the section in question being entered as a key value in the file name list. This parameter, associated with a section address of a file (see later for the [START + ADD] format), then corresponds to a delay in seconds over which a section must be played in order for it to be entered into the file name list (e.g., in a hash or an array) as a key file for access control during playback. - Page address (or section address): The page address in this example is the start address of a section of the played file, or in this case the associated audio signal, that can be accessed via this start address and corresponds to Fig. 1, Fig. 11) directly following the page number of the printed text (a book, newspaper, etc.). These sections, along with their starting addresses (at the beginning of each section), are immediately adjacent. Since there is no specific pause between sections, it is advisable, when a sentence is interrupted by a page break, to place the page address of the (next page) as the starting address at the beginning of the sentence, i.e., at the end of the previous page.

[0202] It is evident that the division into sections, or in this case page addresses, can be made according to any specifications, for example, subdivisions into paragraphs (page number / paragraph, e.g. 4 / 2 corresponding to page 4 paragraph 2) can be made, or the division into sections can be made according to any specifications, which is why the address referred to here as the page address is generally also referred to as the section address.

[0203] Note: When accessing or playing the file, the section addresses (here page addresses) are incremented accordingly (INCRvol) to determine the volume of the access.

[0204] For this example, the division into equal sections is proportional to the number of pages in a book (or the reproduced audio signal of a read text), i.e. the accessed volume can be directly determined from the number of pages. However, this is undesirable for many applications, whereby the corresponding classified volume, independent of the actual volume of the section, is added to each start address of a section as a calculation parameter and taken into account during playback or when adding up the volume. It is advisable to provide a smallest counting unit, the integer multiple of which is specified as the start address of a section. The INCRvol command (seeabove) then multiplies the smallest counting unit by the specified multiple and adds it to the current volume. The access volume is checked before each access to a new section to ensure it hasn't been exceeded (to block access to new sections). The start addresses of the sections are then also consecutively numbered so that they can be saved under a file name in non-volatile memory.

[0205] As a second parameter, which can also be optionally added to a start address, the maximum playback length of the relevant section can also be coded.

[0206] For example, in a music CD application, the start address of interesting tracks can be assigned this additional parameter to prevent the track from being played in its entirety. Conversely, a lesser-known piece of music can be allowed to play in its entirety (no specification) or at a longer length, etc. The same is also useful for newspapers, for example, where certain short articles should be prevented from being played in their entirety.

[0207] As a third parameter, which can optionally be added to a start address, a delay time Delay can be coded, after which only the reproduced section belonging to the respective start address is entered into the file name list for the key data.

[0208] Thus, for a section (here a page) the following characters placed at the beginning of the section, starting with the control character [START], are encoded in the following form: Format: [START]; [Option=Z]; [ADD]; [Parameter 1]; [Parameter 2]; [Parameter 3];....Audio, Audio, Audio, etc. [Option]; ....to a specified number of parameters optional format: specifies the number of parameters following the address [ADD]. [ADD]........Address, ifd. No., associated with the control character [START] to designate a section with this number. Associated with this address is the section length, which refers to this absolute address and indicates the end of the section. This section length can coincide with the next value of the subsequent address (seamless transitions) or end the section earlier. [START].....control character used uniformly for all sections marked as start address to mark the beginning of a section; ADD...........The consecutively numbered section address, e.g. corresponding to a corresponding page number of the text; [Parameter 1]...... Value of the volume percentage (relative to the total file volume; see the following explanation of percentage) of the portion of the section permitted for playback. If parameter 1 is not specified, the value added to the file name as a parameter in the file header is interpreted as the default value for parameter 1. [Parameter 2]......Length specification, e.g., in a unit appropriate for playback (number of characters for text, time unit in s for audio or video, etc.). Once this length is reached (e.g. also as a time specification in seconds), playback of this section is stopped and the user is informed, for example, how to obtain the entire file, etc. If parameter 2 is not specified to prematurely terminate a section, then it is interpreted as a length specification coinciding with the subsequent address of a section and there is no premature selective length limitation of the section, but the limitation is only based on the percentage specified as a parameter to the file name (see next point) of the total volume. [Parameter 3]......Time delay as explained above. If the listened-to section is to be immediately entered into the file name list for the key data, then a zero is defined as the parameter.

[0209] In addition to the device address, a default value (as a preset) of this parameter can also be defined at the head of the file, which is inserted into the parameters whenever only a character defined as a placeholder is used instead of a parameter value.

[0210] Example of a file header: new file..... [BEGIN]; [FILENAME of any length]; [START]; [Parameter 1 default]; [Parameter 2 default]; [Parameter 3 default]; START + ADD]; [Parameter 1]; [Parameter 2]; ....Audio, Audio, Audio, etc.

[0211] The bold italicized part corresponds to the file header. The [BEGIN] control character at the beginning of a file indicates the file name.

[0212] Example of encoding the format in any digitized audio signal (also compressed, such as MP3): In order to encode the control characters within a digital audio signal packed or stored in any format, a reduced code method can be used, for example, in which the maximum value of the control range resulting from the number of bits used is reduced by the value of 1 or a few further steps (as required) (ie is limited as the maximum possible control level when processing the digital signal).

[0213] Whereby, if the key values ​​of the analogue signal correspond to a value range of, for example, +max.=01111...1110 to -max.=1000.....00001 of the two's complement representation and the actual maximum values ​​positive=01111 ... 1111 or negative= max= 1000.....00000 are used (reserved) as a control signal, where, for example, the control character [START] which always precedes a code sequence is to be interpreted as an equivalent positive or negative number, depending on which half-wave range, positive or negative, the reproduced audio signal is currently in.

[0214] If a digitally processed audio signal is already present, it is scanned for the maximum occurring value and if the maximum values ​​positive = 01111...1111 or negative = max = 1000.....00000 occur, the entire signal is multiplied by a corresponding correction factor less than 1 to ensure that these values ​​no longer occur in the audio signal.

[0215] Thus the start character is defined as [START] = (01111...1111) + (1000.....00000), where +... represents an OR symbol.

[0216] Decoding a start signal [START]: If a digital value corresponding to the digital start signal [START] is decoded, the transfer pulse for the transfer of the amplitude value corresponding to this coding is suppressed and the value is interpreted as the start signal [START].

[0217] For the register in which the respective (suppressed) amplitude value corresponding to the time frame would be written (stored), a value is set instead of the amplitude value (not present in the file). This value is derived from the previous amplitude value and the amplitude value stored after the control character as an interpolation value corresponding to the previous signal increase, even across multiple values, taking the curvature into account. This interpolation is further filtered by the reconstruction filter used during playback. The exact process will be explained later. Fig. 2, Fig. 12 and Fig. 3, Fig. 13 explained. The following further definition is used:

[0218] After the recognition (decoding) of a [START] character, a certain number of parameters or addresses should be transferred (coded) according to the counting sequence (counted parameters), whereby as an option, in addition to a fixed number of such characters, for example, the first parameter [Option=Z] before the address [ADD] can also encode or define the number of subsequent characters.

[0219] In the preferred coding (or preferred format), a mandatory sequence also specifies that for each parameter value P (or address, etc.) associated with the string of the [START] character, which is not to be interpreted as an amplitude value an* of the digitally coded analog signal, an analog value (IPL) corresponding to the signal rise and determined by interpolation is set at the respective time grid position (or stored for playback). An example of this will be given later. Fig. 2, Fig. 12 and Fig. 3, Fig. 13 is explained in more detail. In this way, parameters and addresses can be placed anywhere in an audio signal reproduced with a linear time raster (CD format, or MP3, etc.), without having to worry about the format in which the audio signal is encoded during A / D conversion or decoded again during D / A conversion. This has significant advantages, as any ISO-standardized format can be used, and it is sufficient to insert the parameters and addresses immediately after A / D conversion in place of the values ​​corresponding to the analog signal, and then remove them again during decoding before D / A conversion. It is evident that the method is suitable for any type of analog signal, and therefore, in principle, also for video signals. In principle, it is sufficient to encode a jump label with a control character following the [START] character (e.g. if the data format is stored as MP3 in a RAM, and the audio signal and the data are stored in separate sections) and to store the string with the control characters (control characters) under this jump label, or the complete string of control characters or control characters can also be accommodated within the audio signal (e.g. if a CD or DVD is used as the data carrier, etc.). For example, in order to set the markers with the [START] characters in an audio file, it is sufficient to listen to an audio file with appropriate software that has been expanded to include this function and to set a marker at the appropriate points, e.g. via a key input (which is automatically incremented, e.g. page numbers are increased) and furthermore via a menu input a linear or individual volume unit is to be assigned, as it should correspond to the rating in relation to the entire file for access restriction, furthermore also a length restriction, which can also be carried out empirically by setting appropriate markers at the points in the audio file, or if necessary also the delay parameter already explained.Since the control characters, parameters, and addresses are written directly into the audio signal instead of a value of the audio signal, ready-made editing software can be modified with minimal effort to configure the audio files with the relevant addresses. Furthermore, placeholders can also be used to set the parameters and addresses by assigning variables, depending on the running program.

[0220] For playback, it is sufficient if the start character [START] is decoded as the first character of a control character string to start a multiplexer process according to a forced sequence, in which the next but one and all subsequent values ​​arriving at an odd-numbered position (relative to the decoding of [START]) of the time grid are interpreted as belonging to the control character [*], and all values ​​arriving in between at an even-numbered position of the time grid are interpreted as belonging to the analog signal [an*], as the following scheme illustrates: an540; [START]; an541; [Option=*Z]; an542; [*0]; an543;[*1]; an544; an545; an546....

[0221] The [START] character decoded as an amplitude value (01111...1111) or (1000.....00000) during processing (A / D conversion) of the analogue signal switches to the interpretation as a parameter to be interpreted for the time clock after the next but one (with which the values ​​of the digitized analogue signal are transported), i.e. after the amplitude value an541, and the value of [*Z] is read, in which the value Z=1 is located, which means that two more parameters ([*0] and [*1] follow), whereby the values ​​in between are each interpreted as amplitude values ​​an542 and an543 (switched with a toggle function corresponding to a clocked flip-flop, whose clock activation or reset or output value is set by the decoded [START] character, and clock deactivation is determined by the Z parameter or the number of coded parameters). It is evident that the number of defined parameters can also be much larger (e.g.Z=10, etc.).

[0222] The interpretation for the assignment of the values ​​obtained via the parameter list [* ;] to the assigned variables or addresses is carried out by a list that is passed from the file to the playback device independently of the audio signal of the file (at the beginning) after the file name and the device address and can also be modified within the file by using further code sequences each introduced with [START], etc.

[0223] The control character [START], which can be directly coded in any digital audio signal, can be compared with the control character ESCAPE commonly used in data technology in order to code any code sequence for any purpose.

[0224] After the last parameter character P (in this example P=[*1]) has been recognized (and counted accordingly) by definition using [*Z], all subsequent characters are again interpreted as amplitude values ​​an544; an545; an546....; etc.

[0225] Non-volatile memory: A FLASH semiconductor memory can be used as a non-volatile read-write memory, for example, or an electromechanical memory (hard disk), from which a volatile memory RAM is usually loaded when the device is switched on. - Percentage: The percentage is specified as a parameter in the loaded (to be played) file (e.g. after the file name) and concerns the specification of the permissible proportion (e.g. in percent of the total number of pages available, etc.) that is to be made accessible to the user in a freely selectable manner. - Checking the percentage: Each time a new section of a file is played, the first step is to check whether the section address ADD of the section currently being played (here page) is already stored at the address of the file name in the non-volatile memory (if not already created, this address will be added to the relevant list of the file after the time defined in the delay parameter has elapsed): If so, the INCRvol command, which increments the counter to continuously determine the accessed volume, or (in the case of unequal sections) to continuously add the volume when accessing the section of this (already stored section address or page address), is not executed, and the section in question (e.g., a specific page address) is played back (e.g., as an audio file of a spoken text from a specific book page). In other words, the INCRvol command is not executed until the already played portion of a section has been reached during playback.

[0226] If not, the INCRvol command is executed on the section of this (already saved section address or page address), i.e. the counter is incremented or (if the volume proportions of the sections are unequal) the volume specified at the start address of the section is added while the volume is being added. The result is then compared with the percentage (as a data value) to see whether the currently summed volume exceeds the specification (the percentage) from the file. If so, the list containing the sections already executed under the file name (as an identifier or address) in the non-volatile memory is locked and the start address of the section is no longer included in this list. If, on the other hand, the currently summed volume has not yet been exceeded, the start address is included in the list of the file name and the section in question is played back.

[0227] The status no also corresponds to this query if a section that has already been marked as played (by the preferred storage) is exceeded during playback, ie the exceeded part of the section is continuously checked for the specified maximum permissible volume and is permanently saved when the section is finished (see the following detailed explanation of Fig. 4, Fig. 14).

[0228] This means that specific locations on the storage medium itself do not have to be directly assigned to which the user can or cannot access, as has been the case up to now. Instead, the selection of sections to be divided into arbitrary sections is left to the user. For example, after reading a section, they can listen to the next section or a newly selected section, etc. Only the total number of sections is monitored for access restriction. However, additional individual section restrictions can also be used (e.g., via the length parameter).

[0229] Preference list option: Another option is to define a parameter at the top of the file to be played as a preference list. This list contains a series of preferred start addresses (ADD) that the creator of the file has deemed particularly interesting. By pressing a special key, these start addresses of preferred sections (e.g. pages) are displayed to the user in sequence (e.g. as page numbers) (with a forward / backward function), with an overriding switchover to personal selection by the user is provided. It is advisable to include a text file in the source file which contains an overview of the individual chapters (corresponding to the start addresses to be jumped to), etc. By using the device in conjunction with a PC connected to the Internet, this selection can be further improved with appropriate menu navigation.

[0230] Fig. 1, Fig. 11 concerns the example in which the division of the sections of an audio signal, indicated by start addresses and otherwise arranged one after the other without additional pauses, are divided according to the pages of a (read aloud) book (or radio play, etc.), thus the summation of the current volume without taking into account any further volume information can be realized by a simple counter Z in the program of the respective processor, which is incremented each time the above-mentioned (and so-named) command INCRvol is executed. The counter counts in a counting unit defined by a parameter (e.g., every 20 seconds of playback time, one unit, etc.). In the non-volatile memory, the total counter reading for each file is also stored in the list of sections already played (here page numbers) at a specific position (e.g.Position 0) is stored so that it can be loaded into the RAM of the processor (e.g. DSP) when the playback device is switched on.

[0231] A further development of the method includes the option of dynamically controlling the extent of the limited data volume (i.e. the predetermined percentage) to which the user has access. This is done so that, for example, when purchasing and paying for a book, the customer (or user) has free access to the entire spoken text of the book. This is achieved by appropriately marking the file corresponding to the book (via the percentage) when the customer downloads the file in question as an upgrade from the Internet (which can also be done in a bookshop, etc.). In addition to the option of attaching a password to a book that can be used once for a device address as a scratch-off note or in a sealed envelope, the bookshop can also activate the access (via the Internet) for the device address of the playback device.

[0232] This allows the user to have the book "read to" them via audio playback, then continue reading the book themselves, and then have the continuation read to them again, alternating as often as they wish. To better protect copyright, this extended function, which allows the user to access the full contents of the file, should only be available to the person authorized as a user upon purchase of the book, and the use of technical means should make it less attractive to share the playback device. This corresponds to the additional task specified below. Additional technical tasks.

[0233] The additional technical challenge concerns the connection of the device (which is identified by the permanently stored device address) to the user. Two variants are proposed here.

[0234] For both variants, an initialisation procedure is used, for example using a computer connected to the Internet, using the procedure specified in the preliminary application DE 10 2004 046 413.8.

[0235] In the preliminary application DE 10 2004 046 413.8, a method was specified with which the location of a computer, e.g. an Internet connection, can be linked in a tamper-proof manner to any telephone connection that is independent of the Internet connection of the computer, and this while excluding the possibility of manipulating the recognition procedure for this connection if, for example, another telephone connection were used for this purpose.

[0236] In the present method, the method according to DE 10 2004 046 413.8 specified here is used for an optional further development in such a way that when a file is downloaded via the Internet, the playback of the downloaded files is only possible, or these files can only be used in the device, if the device address stored in the device corresponds to an identifier which the server downloading the file checks and further checks whether the device or the device address belongs to the user whose password when logging into the relevant web page (to download the file) belongs to the telephone connection to which the web page is linked by the method with 10 2004 046 413.8. Practical example with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 11 with extension option according to DE 10 2004 046 413.8 for initialization:

[0237] The playback device is an MP3 player equipped with a special chip (e.g. DSP) for carrying out the process. In addition to audio playback, it has a conventional file memory and a keypad with additional keys in addition to the usual control keys for jumping to the points encoded in the audio signal. In this case, every page of a spoken book text can be encoded continuously, for example, and paragraphs can also be marked. It is advisable to provide an interface between the device and a computer (PC, notebook) so that the starting position of the device can be found even on a computer with its far better options for menu structuring. Otherwise, it is advisable to design text input (if desired) to be compatible with SMS input on a mobile phone.

[0238] Furthermore, the device contains a display on which the names of the files contained in the MP3 file (in this case book titles) can be shown directly, as well as the page numbers to identify sections into which an audio file is divided and which relate, for example, to the reading text of a book, a drama, or a radio play, etc.

[0239] For the MP3 player configuration, the system is structured so that loading the data storage is only possible with the involvement of the web server from which the tracks are downloaded. The initial loading requires a one-time initialization of the playback device, during which the encrypted device address is permanently written into the device and stored non-volatilely (e.g., in a flash memory, etc.). For the CD or DVD player configuration, the file must also be obtained from a web server, in which case the user must then burn the CD or DVD themselves.

[0240] In both cases, the device address of the device can be assigned, for example, via a web page that is still linked to the telephone number of a telephone or cell phone. During subsequent downloads (via a computer connected to the Internet), it is always checked whether the user of the web page, via which files are (supposed to be) loaded into the device, has access to the corresponding telephone number during the download process. This procedure is an option that is not available, for example, in bookstores, where the customer can present their player so that when they buy a book, the corresponding file is either loaded directly onto the device (e.g.As an MP3, or a CD is burned with a file downloaded from the Internet. Before burning, the file is further processed using a suitable computer, into which the device address of the playback device is read directly via the device connection, so that the correct device address is included in the file. Or, if necessary, a new (additionally valid) device address can be assigned, which the user can then subsequently adapt to their device using the Internet and their web page access linked to them via a personal telephone number, using the server, etc.

[0241] If the option of additional use of the method according to DE 10 2004 046 413.8 is used, then each time the user loads a file over the Internet, the server checks whether the device address stored in a non-volatile manner in the playback device also corresponds to the telephone number that was assigned by the server to the user of the device by saving it in the non-volatile memory during the initial initialization of the device or, if applicable, during a correction (in order to link the initialization to a changed telephone number) via a file loaded into the recording device in connection with this initialization process.

[0242] In further development, the procedure is as follows: If the user wants to download a file from the Internet for use (regardless of whether directly, e.g. as an MP3 file, or via a subsequently created data carrier, such as a CD, etc.), then they connect their playback device via a corresponding port on the computer (USB, etc.) via which they have access to their hard disk (this can also be the connection of a network card, etc.), whereby the device address of the playback device is first copied to the hard disk via this connection, or if access to the disk via the Internet is to be blocked, it is saved in the area for cookies, or can also be copied to the copy storage (clipboard), from where the user can copy it into a corresponding window of the relevant WEB page by simply using the copy function.If the device address is visible to everyone, this usually does not play a special role, since firstly the playback device can only be configured via an encrypted file with the device address, and secondly a file can only be played on the device if it contains the correct device address, and furthermore the device address with a currently loaded file can still be encrypted in any way (so that if the device address remains the same, the visibly displayed address changes from file to file, etc.). Procedure for checking the connection of the telephone number to the client computer via which a file is to be downloaded for use on the playback device relating to the method according to the invention: a) The user calls an automated service number from their telephone (or cell phone, etc.) which relates to the server of the relevant website (or another connecting server, etc.). A small additional fee may be charged to cover the cost of the subsequent callback (voice over IP) from the server. During this call, the user holds their telephone microphone to the loudspeaker of their (client) computer connected to the relevant server via the Internet in order to send the identification signal emitted by the server, played through their computer's loudspeaker, back to the server via the telephone connection (e.g. after pressing a button on the relevant website).On the one hand, this identification signal concerns an encrypted address and confirms to the server which current session it should assign the charges corresponding to the telephone call (as reimbursement for the callback). On the other hand, this identification signal contains the device address, which is transmitted to the server twice for security reasons, once via the Internet connection and once via the acoustic coupling (via the loudspeaker of the client computer and the microphone of the telephone). The current session can also refer to an IP address assigned by the provider's server, which is used once for the session, as the user's sender. b) Using the received device address, the server identifies the telephone number it should call back. The telephone number that called the server can also be any other telephone number (landline, etc.), since the charges credited for this telephone call are initially credited to the session (website) through which the server received the device address via the acoustic coupling. Using this current session (website), the server checks whether the identification signal (an encrypted signal with a one-time use) sent to the web site (via the client computer's loudspeaker and the telephone's microphone) during its initial callback (after a voice announcement and after being triggered by a start button on the web site) and received back via the telephone connection matches (regarding the current session previously determined during the received call with the corresponding device address).

[0243] If the proximity of the telephone line (or mobile device) to the computer in use is detected via the acoustic connection established with the user of the client computer, the telephone number called, or the data transmitted to the client computer (sent and received by the server), then the user is considered authorized. Of course, depending on the application, a password and an additional access number may also be used.

[0244] If necessary, the verification of the telephone connection by monitoring the available bandwidth by the server, as already proposed in DE 10 2004 046 413.8, is also used to prevent any possibility of manipulation using an additional telephone line. As already stated in DE 10 2004 046 413.8, a filter implemented in the server's software is used to tune the connection according to an elapsed time grid in order to obtain a bandwidth limit that corresponds to the time grid. For the signal transmitted back to the server via the acoustic coupling (loudspeaker of the client computer / telephone microphone of the telephone or mobile phone, or microphone of the client computer / loudspeaker of the telephone or mobile phone), a time function based on this time function (orA further filter, also tuned to this time frame, is implemented in the software. This filter reverses the process when the audio signal transmitted as a file is sent, so that the original signal is reconstructed in terms of frequency dependence, taking into account the permitted bandwidth of the telephone channel used. An alternative to this method is to examine the received signal for frequency influences using an FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation).

[0245] It is also possible to provide the Internet connection directly in the playback device. Explanation of the figures:

[0246] Fig. 1, Fig. 11 already explained.

[0247] Fig. 2, Fig. 12 relates to a pulse scheme for implementing the already explained preferred coding of the control characters (X) nested in the analog values ​​of the signal, such as parameters P, addresses, etc., which are not associated with the analog signal an*, wherein a linear output time pattern (corresponding to output clock AST) is used and the resulting time offset is compensated for by a phase jump of the input clock EST at the time positions X at which the control characters are positioned. Fig. 6c, Fig. 16c illustrates this phase jump (phi) of EST: During the phase initiated by the START character of a certain number of control characters, which is determined by the value of the character Z = value following the START character, the output Q=log.1 of a flip-flop FF2 ( Fig. 6b, Fig. 16b), whereby the extension of the time for the generation of the (here) positive clock edge EST is effected to such an extent that EST no longer occurs in the current time frame X, but at the beginning of the following time frame of a value an* of the analog signal, whereby the actual clock edge EST of the analog signal value an*, which is still present in the time frame, is retained and after this first clock edge, generated by the phase jump phi of the clock, occurs as the second clock edge EST within the time frame of an*. This means that

[0248] Number of read-in clock cycles EST generated by the single-stage FIFO register ( Fig. 3, Fig. 13) does not change and therefore corresponds to the number of FIFO readout cycles generated according to a linear (i.e., regular) time pattern. Since in this variant each control character (X) is followed by an analog signal value an*, a single-stage FIFO delay is sufficient (although with a different sequence, the FIFO can then be adapted accordingly, configured with multiple stages, etc.).

[0249] The clock pulse omitted in the time interval X of a control character is therefore made up for in the following time interval of the following analog value an*. Fig. 2, Fig. 12, the readout clock AST of the FIFO is leading the source clock of the readout clock EST (see also preEST, EST in Fig. 3b, Fig. 13b), i.e. first read from the FIFO (with linear time grid) and then subsequently written, after a time interval X of a control character (in which no value is written into the FIFO), in the following time interval (from an*) the calculated interpolation value an-1(IPL) is first written and also read out by the output clock AST (as belonging to the time grid of the previous value) and then the analog value an(ES) occurring in this time grid is written into the FIFO, which, however, is only read out again in the next time grid (e.g. X) by the output clock AST; whereby this time grid (instead of X) can also relate to a value an* of a series of values ​​of the audio signal that continues after a control character string inserted into the audio values, etc.

[0250] In the Fig. 2, Fig. 12 diagrams drawn along the time axis mean: SPW....the series of symbols corresponding to the values ​​of the data carrier or data source (plotted over the time axis t), where an11....an25 are the amplitude values ​​corresponding to the amplitude, START refers to the decoded start character (01111...1111 or 1000.....00000), Z refers to the value for the counter specification for counting the subsequent control characters, consisting of parameters and addresses P. Only three of these control characters P are shown here, but any number of them can be used.

[0251] IPW .... correspond to the amplitude values ​​obtained by interpolation, as they are available at the time positions at which the control characters are coded, for the ASL output (cf. Fig. 3, Fig. 13) may be used.

[0252] ES......refers to the values ​​corresponding to the data source, where X indicates the decoded control characters. The control characters are not written to the FIFO ( Fig. 3, Fig. 13), which is intended exclusively for the temporally correct (linear time raster) playback of the audio signal. Instead, it is stored in a separate latch or memory area (DEC) and decoded ditto (see Latch outputs as the current memory address for control characters, and START output for the decoded start signal of the character string).

[0253] The Fig. 3 / Fig. 3b; Fig. 13 / Fig. 13b The clock signal preEST shown in advance of the clock signal EST to be generated corresponds to a linear time grid (with regular time intervals) and stores the control characters (or the start character START to be decoded) in good time.

[0254] With START a flip flop (see to Fig. 6c, Fig. 16c and Fig. 6a, Fig. 16a) is switched on, which is clocked with the clock of the characters on the data carrier and whose output indicates whether the code read from the data carrier is a directly coded analog value or a control character. Since in this example in Fig. 2, Fig. 12 Z=3, after the third control character P, the flip-flop is set again so that its output corresponds to the constant interpretation of the characters as analog values ​​(an24, an25, etc.). A detailed implementation example is given for Fig. 6a, Fig. 16a to Fig. 6c, Fig. 16c is explained in more detail.

[0255] ASL....concerns in Fig. 2, Fig. 12 the values ​​output to the D / A converter or to the reconstruction of the digitized analog signal with a linear time raster (AST), where AST is the readout clock (the positive clock edge) of the Fig. 3, Fig. 13 shown FIFO memory register (which is realized, for example, within a DSP by a RAM register).

[0256] The read-in clock EST (also a positive clock edge) is initially generated as a source clock preEST from the common conditioning clock for the read-out clock AST. An EST clock that lags preEST sufficiently by the setup time (and delay time) corresponds to the read-in clock of the FIFO. However, with the difference to preEST that preEST, like AST, has a regular linear time grid, whereas the read-in clock EST has a corresponding phase jump phi, depending on whether a control character or check character is currently being encoded. Furthermore, preEST (ditto EST) is offset from the read-out clock AST in such a way that the character (data) previously read into the FIFO with EST is read out with the subsequent read-out clock AST if the character sequence has a continuous series of analog values ​​an*...

[0257] For the control of the reading clock EST, two cases are distinguished: Case 1: Since the completion of a read control string (string of X characters with values ​​inserted between * ....), no START character and therefore no control string has been decoded, i.e., the toggle flip-flop used to switch between control characters and analog data values ​​has a statically idle output. This corresponds to QF1=0 and Q=0 of the flip-flop circuit in Fig. 6b, Fig. 16b.

[0258] Case 2: A START character was decoded, ie the mentioned toggle flip-flop (FF2, Fig. 6b, Fig. 16b) for switching between control character and analog data value is activated and switches the output Q alternately back and forth with a clock corresponding to the character clock.

[0259] The output Q (FF2) of this flip-flop is used to prepare the read-in clock EST, which, like the read-out clock AST, is derived from a clock with a higher clock frequency (e.g. generated with a synchronously clocked state machine logic, which also contains the toggle flip-flop mentioned, or possibly also generated in the DSP, etc.), for each detected control character for the read-in clock EST, the Fig. 2, Fig. 12 to generate a phase jump; (where START is recognized directly via the code of the file, or the following characters Z, P, P, P, are each recognized by the output Q=1 of the flip-flop, which switches alternately to a defined state for each character after an amplitude value (an* value).

[0260] This phase jump phi is achieved, for example, by changing the charging values ​​(see LDZ and LDZphi of switch UMS, Fig. 6c, Fig. 16c), the counter used for processing the read-in clock EST (from a higher clock frequency) is used, in such a way that it is not the frequency, ie the number of clock pulses across the entire time frame, that changes, but only the phase phi, which is corrected again for the following clock edge, which after a control character corresponds to an amplitude value (an* value) of the signal to be reproduced. This results in a clock edge of the read-in clock EST in each time frame for the immediately successive amplitude values ​​(an* values ​​an11...an13 and an24,an25....), for which no control characters are inserted and thus no phase jumps of the read-in clock are initialized, with which the current amplitude value an relevant to this time frame is written into the FIFO register and (here immediately before) the amplitude value an-1 written in the previous time frame is read out, read-in clock edge EST and read-out clock edge AST are offset accordingly.

[0261] Example ( Fig. 2, Fig. 12, Fig. 3, Fig. 13): an11 is read in the time interval SPW=an11 (EST) and read out again in the time interval SPW=an12 (with AST), where in SPW=an12 the value of an12 is read in (with EST), etc. However, if control characters (START; Z; P; P; P) are inserted between ( / ) the amplitude values ​​(here an15 / an17; an17 / an19; an21 / an23) and are each recognized according to the method described (recognition of START and via toggle flip-flop), then for each recognized control character (Q=1) a phase jump control of the clock edge of the read-in clock EST is initialized for the relevant time grid. As a result, the clock edge of EST is shifted in such a way that for the FIFO memory, which exclusively concerns the reproduction of the audio signal or the analog signal (and not the basic reading of the data supplied from a data carrier or data source where the decoding of the control characters takes place), no (positive) clock edge of the write-in clock EST occurs within the time grid X relating to a control character in each case, and by extending the log.0 only occurs within the time frame following the relevant control character for the relevant amplitude value (cf. an17, an19, an21, an23). This is achieved by a phase shift of EST triggered by the status of the flip-flop output, whereby two (positive) clock edges of the write clock EST occur within this time frame. The first clock edge does not take over the value read from the data carrier or data source within the respective time frame, but rather the interpolation value retroactively corresponding to the previous control character, which is not directly taken over but calculated (see value series IPW). This value is formed from the value preceding the control character (e.g. START) (e.g. an-2(ASL) = an13) and the subsequent value corresponding to the current time frame (e.g. an(ES) = an15) (where the value an14 is obtained here as the interpolation value IPL). Fig. 2, Fig. 12, Fig. 3, Fig. 13).

[0262] Example ( Fig. 2, Fig. 12, Fig. 3, Fig. 13): an13 is read in the time interval SPW=an13 (EST) and read out again in the time interval SPW=START (with AST), whereby in SPW=START (due to the clock edge of EST being shifted to SPW=an15) no analog value is read into the FIFO. Instead, at the beginning of SPW=an15, which is still at the output of the FIFO, or in the symbolic representation after Fig. 3, Fig. 13 at the register SPA the value an-2(ASL) = an13 together with the current value an(ES) = an15 is used to calculate the interpolation value an14, which is written into the FIFO register at the beginning of SPW=an15 with the first write clock pulse EST (as value an-1(IPL), see MUX in Fig. 3, Fig. 13) and is read out again with the read-out clock AST, ditto subsequently with the second write-in clock EST the current value an15 (as value an(ES), see MUX in Fig. 3, Fig. 13) is rewritten into the FIFO (after reading an14).

[0263] At the character an* following a control character (or the corresponding time grid), the toggle flip-flop switches back to Q=1, so that no more phase jump occurs for EST.

[0264] The Fig. 3, Fig. 13 The multiplexer MUX shown further at the input of the FIFO memory is controlled accordingly via the control character recognition (recognition of START and via toggle flip flop) and within the relevant time frame in order to write the current amplitude value read from the data carrier to (ES) or to write an interpolation value to-1 (IPL) as required.

[0265] In case the interpolation value an-1(IPL) is written instead of the current amplitude value an(ES), it will be output again immediately within the same time frame.

[0266] Realization: The model of a circuit according to Fig. 3 and Fig. 6b, Fig. Although Figure 16b is very useful for explanation, it is much more advantageous to use a standard DSP (signal processor) and / or a digital programmable logic circuit (as an ASIC) configured as a synchronous state machine sequencer. This sequencer receives, for example, the decoded status signal of the decoded START character from the DSP. If necessary, it can also be implemented directly by the DSP using an internal timer for clock conditioning. Conversely, the state machine sequencer supplies the DSP with the two interrupt signals est and ast, where ast is an interrupt that leads the output clock AST of the output latch. This means that the entire timing can also be generated externally (as an alternative to internal generation in the DSP via the DSP's internal timer), and the FIFO register is implemented accordingly in the DSP's RAM.Likewise, the multiplexer MUX, shown here for illustrative purposes only, is implemented using corresponding access variables, whose contents are assigned according to the RAM write process. The same applies to the . Fig. 3, Fig. 13 explicitly represented SPA registers, in which a previously read value an-1(ASL) is stored with a further time delay (as value an-2(ASL)), so that this value can be used for interpolation after receiving a control character. SPA is thus merely a variable that occupies a corresponding memory location in the DSP's RAM.

[0267] Furthermore, in Fig. 3, Fig. 13: DEC....Decoding of the start character (START) and storage (latch output) of the control characters Z, P, etc. inserted between the audio signal values. This storage and decoding is performed with a leading clock pulse preEST to the FIFO write clock pulse EST, so that the measures related to the write clock pulse EST can be activated in a timely manner before the arrival of the clock edge of EST. This concerns the suppression of EST within the respective time frame (of the control character) and the shifting of EST (by phase shift) to the beginning of the subsequent time frame (which again concerns an amplitude value an*). See also Fig. 6a to Fig. 6d, Fig. 16a to Fig. 16d.. Fig. 6d / Fig. 16d shows a circuit proposal for this, Fig. 6c / Fig. 16c the corresponding pulse scheme.

[0268] To Fig. 6b, Fig. 16b: With a D-Flip Flop (Latch) FF1, the control character that introduces the character string (see above) START (DEK= START) is initially stored as the status “recognize character string” (QF1=1) and remains in this status until it is either regularly read by a character counter Z ( Fig. 6b, Fig. 16b) the end of the character string is detected, or in case of a time-out error, a monostable timer (MONO), which is started by decoding START, is reset; in both cases, FF1 is reset. The character counter Z ( Fig. 6b, Fig. 16b) is loaded by the control character Z following the START character, or its value (cf. Fig. 2, Fig. 12). The character clock pulses received from the decoding of START (or QF1=1) are counted and the control characters following the START character are interpreted according to their position.

[0269] In the status “Recognize character string” (QF1=1) the toggle flip flop FF2 is enabled (via R input).

[0270] This diagram is only to be understood symbolically: the function is expediently implemented as a synchronous state machine clocked at a sufficiently high clock frequency, thus eliminating the need for the clock delays specified here, as they can then simply be implemented by "empty" switching transfer conditions (also known as NOPs, no operation) of the status machine. Likewise, if only D flip-flops are used and toggle flip-flops are avoided, the reset problem in the event of a time-out error is eliminated, as the state machine then always switches itself to a defined state when an undefined status occurs. Instead of implementing the status machine in hardware, this can just as easily be done in the DSP using the DSP's software.

[0271] To follow the simple explanation scheme Fig. 6b, Fig. 16b, the leading clock pulse preEST is split into two further clock pulses pre1EST and pre2EST, where pre2EST is delayed compared to pre1EST such that the switching edge of pre2EST at the toggle FF of FF2 only occurs when FF1 has already been switched on via the decoding of the control character START. REG / DEC here symbolises the acceptance of the characters from the data carrier and their interpretation as control characters when Q=1 (of FF2). UMS symbolises the switching of the time period until the edge EST becomes positive (e.g. generated by a down counter Z2dwn), where the subsequent time for the next positive pulse is likewise corrected so that this pulse is triggered after the shift of the first pulse (from the time interval X to an*, cf. Fig. 6c, Fig. 16c) again (as the second impulse within the time frame) into the regular time frame (cf. an* Fig. 6c, Fig. 16c) of EST (see also Fig. 2, Fig. 12).

[0272] Fig. 6a, Fig. Figure 16a illustrates the distinction between control character (X) and analog value an* by the toggle flip-flop (signal Q) switched with the source clock of EST (here referred to as pre2EST).

[0273] As already explained, the symbols indicated in the circuits, such as clocks, EST, AST, multiplexers MUX, latches SPA, REG / DEC, counters, etc., are to be understood as access times (concerning the clocks) or access variables (concerning the components) of a corresponding program (a DSP, etc.).

[0274] Fig. 4, Fig. Figure 14 shows a diagram for the preferred volume monitoring of a playing file. When a file is initialized (started) for playback, the device program first branches to a search procedure to locate the file entries for this file in the non-volatile memory (FLASH Sp) (ADD=new?). If none are present, a corresponding entry is stored for this file. ADD here symbolizes a playing section of a file, whereby the file name is always queried first in order to manage the file entries in the non-volatile memory (FLASH Sp) under the file name.

[0275] During file playback, the length of a played section (associated with ADD) is constantly being determined (constant determination of L), which is then recorded in the file entries of the non-volatile memory s(FLASH Sp). Any resolution can be provided for determining the length for a section address ADD, where ADD then quantifies an absolute value and the subsequent codings, for example, only add incremental lengths, which are additionally encoded in the absolute value. In this case, only the most recent (current) value for an address is stored or constantly updated in the non-volatile memory s(FLASH Sp). Furthermore, it is possible for the absolute maximum permissible length for this section to be stored for a section address ADD; this length is also constantly checked (L=Lmax?) and, if exceeded, this section is aborted orPlayback of this section is blocked beyond the length Lmax. This allows, for example, the player to skip to the next section, which can also be indicated in the maximum length specification (by selecting a corresponding word) (Continue at next section? yes / no).

[0276] Whenever a section is blocked, this can be shown on the device's display, for example.

[0277] As already explained, the total volume of the played file is determined according to a specific key (SUM=max ?). This is done by summing the already played sections according to the file entries in the non-volatile memory (FLASH Sp). For this calculation, the length of the sections can be multiplied by a scaling (e.g., in %) stored as a parameter for the section addresses ADD (as already explained). If the permissible total volume of the played file is exceeded, playback is blocked.

[0278] Fig. 5, Fig. 15 shows how, within sections divided by addresses ADD1.......ADD4, limits Lmax are provided for ADD1, ADD2, but not for ADD3 and ADD4 (since the limit coincides with the end of the section).

[0279] Fig. 6, Fig. 16 see above.

[0280] Fig. 7, Fig. Figure 17 illustrates an addressing example for a file on a data storage device, not to be confused with the section markings (ADD) made within the file. The control characters and parameters, or addresses, are also used for file addressing. Fig. 2, Fig. 12 can be encoded directly in an audio signal.

[0281] The first piece of information evaluated from the read data carrier is the LABEL of the publisher or music publisher, film distributor, etc. Conveniently, the LABEL is further encrypted with a security code to prevent counterfeiting. This security code can, for example, be encoded in the audio signal, also as a sequence of tones, etc. The LABEL address read from the data carrier (from the data source) addresses the area in the non-volatile memory where the files associated with this label are stored. Since the LABEL refers to a unique brand name, but the file name addresses (FILE NAME) can be repeated (randomly) for different LABELs, confusion is avoided. The same applies to the assignment of device addresses G-ADD.

[0282] The control character following the LABEL is the parameter Z, which indicates how many control characters are to be read until the end of the string identifying the data carrier (also called header).

[0283] The following encrypted INFO information concerns how the control characters read in sequence are to be interpreted. For example, whether a device address is encoded, and whether the file contains FLASH STACK information that is to be loaded into the non-volatile memory as file entries if it hasn't already been loaded. Or whether it is a file that is to be played back in its entirety, etc.

[0284] Background: As already explained, the limited access volume of (e.g. free) sample files is intended to encourage the user to purchase the file in question, which is then encoded as a file with unlimited access with a device address so that it can only be played on the user's device. Since the device address (as already explained) for a LABEL can be freely configured by its server in the device, the files can also be played if, for example, the device is defective and a new device address needs to be configured. Since the device is linked to a telephone number when a file is downloaded, the server would later register misuse if another unauthorized user, for example, used a device address that had been reassigned (because the device was not defective) (because the device was not defective).The server can then write a lock flag for all files under this LABEL into the non-volatile memory of this device under its LABEL when attempting to download a file from the server, forcing the user to clarify the process, and so on.

[0285] If a file is purchased (with unlimited access) and the device address is included in the download, the file entries for this file (with limited access as a sample file) in the non-volatile memory are deleted the first time this file is played, as they are no longer needed (since the user purchased the file). This is also another prerequisite for the user to be able to play the file with unlimited access at all.

[0286] This means that if the non-volatile memory is full of existing file entries, this only affects the sample files with limited access and not the regularly purchased ones. If the user is forced to delete the file entries (to make room for new sample files with limited access and to be able to play them), this can be done by purchasing the corresponding files or by the following measure: The user connects their playback device to their computer (client computer), which is networked with the server in question, and has the option to delete the relevant file entries via the browser. In this case, the server generally changes the device address of all files to be played with limited access (sample files) on the playback device (via the connected data connection). However, this does not affect the device address for files to be played in full, whose device address remains stored unchanged on the device.

[0287] The browser also displays a list of tracks containing the files whose file entries have been deleted from the non-volatile memory. The user is then asked whether they wish to reinstall any tracks. If they do, the user can download these tracks again, but with the new device address and all the file entries (FLASH STACK) associated with these files, which correspond to user behavior (regarding previews, etc.). This allows the user to continue using the selected files, taking into account the portion of these files that has already been played, while still retaining space for the file entries of new templates (files) in the non-volatile memory.These selected files then contain the new device address and, in the INFO section, a note stating that the FLASH STACK must be loaded into non-volatile memory (only!) the first time the file is used. These file entries will remain there until the next deletion cycle, or if the file is loaded as a file for unlimited playback, thus erasing any other entries relating to the volume limit during playback from non-volatile memory. The files in . Fig. 7, Fig. The file name check shown in Figure 17 for unrestricted playback of files that do not have a volume limit can also be omitted if, for example, the status of the file (no volume limit) is noted within the file as a special identifier. It is particularly preferable to do this using the Fig. 2, Fig. 12 and Fig. 6, Fig. 16, whereby this note authorising unlimited playback of the file is encrypted across the entire audio file. If the playback device independently detects that an attempt has been made to tamper with this file, e.g. if the identifier in the file header corresponds to unlimited playback of the file, but parameters still included within the audio signal indicate a file whose volume is to be limited during playback, then the blocking note is entered under the LABEL management of the file(s). This means that an attempt to play a manipulated file from a manufacturer (LABEL) is penalised by the fact that no file from that manufacturer (LABEL) can be played at all. The same happens if the LABEL entry for the file is tampered with, which is also encoded in various places in the audio signal.

[0288] To make deciphering control characters and parameters encoded in the audio signal as difficult as possible, it is advisable to statistically distribute their association. In this process, the individual bits of the words of, say, a total of 200 parameters and addresses are shuffled according to a specific algorithm and then reassembled in the terminal device (by the DSP), making it very difficult for third parties to decipher the codes and manipulate the file.

[0289] Further options for encryption: The Fig. 2, Fig. The method explained in chapter 12 also offers the possibility of using the audio signal itself for data encryption, for example, by using certain harmonics from the music file (which are not immediately noticeable) for further encoding. To do this, the harmonics are first filtered and then added to the digital encoding accordingly (e.g., using a modulo 2 code, etc.).

[0290] As from Fig. 7, Fig. 17 also shows that for a file to be played back, the LABEL name as the group address of all files associated with a LABEL, the device address G-ADD associated with a LABEL, and the file name must match the name stored in the non-volatile memory. Instead of checking a file name stored in the non-volatile memory, however, only an encrypted abbreviation can be provided in the file, indicating that this file is to be played back in its entirety. This abbreviation can then be freely selected and applied to multiple files and is updated or checked in the non-volatile memory of the playback device when such a file is downloaded or activated by the server.

[0291] Fig. 8, Fig. Figure 18 illustrates the updating of the device address on a device whose non-volatile memory contains the file entries for files that can only be played back at a limited volume. These files must be deleted using a special procedure (because the memory is full and the user does not want to delete the memory by purchasing files that can be played back indefinitely). For this purpose, the user uses their (client) computer connected to the Internet and, for example, a landline telephone connection, which proves to the server that the Internet access is being made by an authorized user (see also DE 10 2004 046 413.8).

[0292] The playback device is connected, for example, to a USB port on the (client) computer. Data is exchanged between the files stored in the non-volatile memory (MEMO, Fig. 8, Fig. 18) and the server that manages all files that can be obtained from a specific LABEL.

[0293] After the server has determined that the device address of the playback device, the user's telephone number associated with the device address and (optionally) the password entry are correct, the server reads the file entries stored in the non-volatile memory (MEMO) which concern the files to be played back only to a limited extent (and which form the protection for them) and then deletes the non-volatile memory (MEMO).

[0294] Subsequently, the server writes a new device address to the non-volatile memory (MEMO) of the playback device. This address only applies to files that are only allowed to be played back to a limited extent (and thus provides the protection). The old device address also remains in the playback device and is used exclusively for files that are allowed to be played back to their full extent. These two device addresses are differentiated in the playback device by corresponding identification bits. Different device addresses can be provided for different labels (or possibly for different other file groupings).

[0295] Furthermore, the part of the file entries read from the non-volatile memory (MEMO) is stored in the server for the device address and is included in the file when re-downloading files that the user already owns or has partially played (but which are no longer playable in their original version due to the changed device address) if the user downloads such a file again from the server (FLASH STACK, Fig. 7, Fig. 17) and upon the first playback of such a file, the data corresponding to the last playback status (by the user) is rewritten into the non-volatile memory (MEMO). Thus, on the one hand, the user has reduced the number of files that may only be played back to a limited extent and can play the retained or re-downloaded files assigned a new device address without being able to expand the permissible volume (taking into account the portion already played). On the other hand, the user can play new files that have not yet been played and that use the newly assigned device address, as usual, with a limited volume.

[0296] As in Fig. 8, Fig. 18, the new device address G-ADD is used for playback of (sample) files that can only be played with a limited volume (which can also be changed several times in this way). However, for (purchased) files that are to be played with an unlimited volume, the originally configured device address is used. And only for those files that have already been partially played by the user is the transfer of the deleted information from the non-volatile memory (MEMO) to the file itself (with the new device address) necessary (FLASH STACK, Fig. 7, Fig. 17).

[0297] Loss of device or defective device: If a user loses the playback device with the configured device address, or if the device is defective, or if a new device is purchased, then the playback device must be configured again if an external data storage device (CD, DVD) is used so that the user can use the data storage device, ditto if the data on an MP3 player was still stored externally on a computer, etc. In order to detect misuse in this case, it is sensible for the server to save the unalterable electronically encoded serial number in the playback device in the server's database and to check this number each time the device is connected to the server (also via a client computer, etc.) to determine whether the old device is still being used.

[0298] If this is the case, the server can block one of the two devices via a corresponding entry (when downloading a new file). It is advisable for the server to register the serial numbers chronologically in order to take the order of access into account when detecting multiple identical device addresses, and to be able to block all devices except the most recent access by means of a marker written into the device's non-volatile memory.

[0299] Thus, in this case (if it detects two different phone numbers for the same device address), the server is able to distinguish which of two devices with the same device address was the first (which was allegedly broken or lost, or replaced by a new device), and can thus block illegally operated devices by making an entry in the non-volatile memory (MEMO).

[0300] This procedure can be further refined on a person-by-person basis if the connection to a telephone number is still used (since, for example, mobile phones with their telephone card tied to a network operator are generally not lent out that often).

[0301] A further additional embodiment is to design the playback device in such a way that it can also be used as copy protection for a computer (PC), wherein the playback device is connected to the computer (PC) that plays back the file via a data interface (e.g. USB, etc.), the file is stored encrypted on the computer's mass storage device (hard drive, etc.) and the software used to decrypt the file can access the non-volatile memory of the playback device via the data interface in order to read and update the file entries relating to the playback limitation, wherein the file is also decrypted in a format that can be processed by standard audio software and the read file is offered to software that is customary for playing the file in relation to the computer's operating system as if it were being read from a mass storage device of the computer (hard drive, etc.) read. Further options:

[0302] If a data storage medium does not contain any special coding according to a special format that limits the playback volume, or if the analysis in the file header after a predefined length does not find any such coding, the file will be played back as usual, without a device address and without access restrictions. In this case, playback of precisely predefined sections of the data storage medium can also take place in accordance with the state of the art. The provided coded addresses, which mark the beginning of the respective sections, are accessed via a corresponding sequence program. Playback can be paused at any time by pressing a key and resumed by making a selection (e.g., entering the relevant page numbers of a printed table of contents, etc.).) the playback of freely selected sections can be carried out, or the playback length of the sections can be extended (if necessary under entry for determining the volume limit of the file in question).

[0303] When playing back a predefined sequence of events, the program encodes the address to which the program should jump when a section ends after a length specification (e.g., a time value) contained in the address as a parameter. If the section has been played back up to this length specification, or if this length evaluation is decoded during playback, then a jump is simply executed to the next address specified in the program, and so on. If no length specification (only a placeholder, e.g., zero) is specified for the address, then playback continues up to the next address or another length limitation superior to this section (defined by further parameters, etc.). Example: ADD ; [length]; ADDbranch where ADD....is a marker address of a section detected during playback of a file or by jumping to it;

[0304] Length...from the detection of ADD onwards, the length of the played file is constantly determined. When the value specified by the parameter [Length] is reached, corresponding to the current length of the played file, the jump to the ADDbranch marker is executed. For less precise jumps (CD, etc.), it is advisable to define ADDbranch slightly before the next ADD so that the next ADD can still be reliably detected, with playback being paused for the very short time period between ADDbranch and ADD. With MP3, for example, the ADDbranch address can be identical to that of the immediately following section, since ADD or ADDbranch then refers to a memory address of the RAM in which the MP3 file is stored. Exact length determination of non-predefined jump addresses:

[0305] If, for example, an audio file is played back on the preferred playback device which corresponds to a spoken text (from a book, a newspaper, etc.) or even music, etc., and this audio file is saved, for example, in MP3 format or even as a simple wave file (e.g. on a CD), etc., then it is desirable for the user to be able to set a marker at interesting points in the played audio file by pressing a key, whereby this marker can later be quickly found again in the visually displayed text, or even in a musical score, etc. Or, if necessary, the reverse process should also be possible, so that a text file or musical score file can be clicked on with the mouse and the corresponding playback of the audio signal (or even a video signal) can be heard.What's special about it, and in further difference to the prior art, is that the two files, which are only meaningfully linked, do not have to be created interdependently by a computer program, but use a synchronization file created specifically for this purpose in an automated process, and protection is sought for such a process. Likewise, any process which uses such a synchronization file is also part of the application for protection. The claim for protection for this process also applies to devices which play back both files: the file which is played back according to a time grid, e.g. an audio file, and the file which is only displayed graphically, e.g. a text file. Thus, the protection right applies to the process even if it is implemented exclusively by software for a computer.

[0306] State of the art: In the music industry, for example, the state of the art involves generating sounds from a musical notation, which may also have been input via a MIDI function, etc., and from which various instruments generated by software are played. This means that the link, or synchronization, between the musical notation and the reproduced audio signal is already created, meaning it no longer needs to be created. Likewise, the state of the art involves generating speech from a text file, meaning that here too, the link between the text file and the audio signal is already present and does not need to be created separately.

[0307] If this connection, which exists through a direct software link between a computer and the synchronization of related files of different media genres (e.g., a text file, a score file of one media genre and an audio signal such as speech, music, etc., or even a video or a so-called Flash movie of the other media genre), is missing, then automated synchronization between such files is not common practice and has not been considered necessary. The present invention provides a remedy.

[0308] Furthermore, the state of the art also includes a so-called trigger or pre-trigger function, in which the reproduced signal is stored at the time of a key press or trigger signal (which can also be assigned to a time shortly before, see pre-trigger) or is reproduced again later as a detail.

[0309] The state of the art also includes, for example, the usual method for synchronising video images (flash images, etc.) and an audio signal, in which a predefined time grid is used, to which markers can also be set.

[0310] The time values ​​set as markers can be used to jump to the points during playback corresponding to the time values. In this case, an automated interrelationship between the video and audio signals is established during editing for the purpose of synchronization using reference signals which are contained in the reproduced process and which are recorded in a temporal relationship for the input of synchronization signals which the user (editor) enters into the computer for this purpose, so that a rhythmic adjustment takes place between picture and sound, predetermined by an action signal which is derived from a synchronization signal entered by the user or processed by a user and relates to the reference signals contained in the reproduced process.These reference signals can, but do not have to, be pre-programmed in the reproduced file; they can also be generated in real time during playback by various filtering means for detecting and decoding tone sequences, pauses, envelope curves, etc. The basis for the first usable system is, for example, DE 41 43 257 C2, a patent belonging to the same applicant with claims 1 and 8 (of DE 41 43 257 C2), which are cited here as prior art.

[0311] In contrast to the present invention, as claimed in claim 39 as a preferred development and also as an independent invention in independent application, the prior art always concerns the synchronization of time sequences and not of information content. In the present invention, however, for the first time, information content from different files is automatically synchronized using the time grid of one file, whereby the other file need not have such a time grid at all, and no synchronization measures need to be specified when preparing the files to be synchronized according to information content. This problem alone is considered particularly inventive according to the prior art.

[0312] The task (of this additional function as further training or as a standalone application) thus concerns the synchronization between different media types of files, e.g. between a text file and an audio file, or between a musical score and an audio signal, etc. In contrast to the state of the art, however, the aim here is not to synchronize the playback of a file with regard to the associated rhythmic process in the temporal sequence during playback, but only to synchronize it automatically according to the meaningful context.

[0313] The file that does not require a time grid during playback can usually be understood as a corresponding source file from which the file that uses a time grid during playback was (somehow) created (manually or computer-assisted or via a MIDI instrument or via speech software for a text file on a computer, etc.).

[0314] Definition for the user: The use of the synchronization carried out according to information content for the user should be carried out in such a way that a synchronization reference desired according to the respective information content is carried out by using the time grid already available for the playback of the one file and saving the time values ​​relating to the selected information content.

[0315] Such that during the time-proportional playback of the signal corresponding to a file (such as an acoustic playback, or an image sequence such as video or flash, etc.) at any time in which the user finds the information content of a reproduced file particularly interesting, the user enters a synchronization signal (key signal, trigger signal, etc.), with which a time stamp corresponding to these times is stored according to the temporal course of the reproduced signal. These time stamps are stored as a supplementary file belonging to the reproduced file in the playback device, whereby these time stamps are used to create a table in the source file of the other media type (e.g.Text template of a spoken text, song, or musical notation) it is possible to jump to exactly those points which, at the time of their setting as a time marker during the time-proportional playback of the file played back according to a time grid (such as an acoustic playback, or an image sequence, video, etc.), have been set by the user as the particularly interesting points.

[0316] Both files, the one reproduced proportionally to time and the source file that only exists as a graphic image, can have been created completely separately, even with the involvement of the human mind (user) without any direct reference to the software.

[0317] The invention does not concern the actual creation of the reproduced file from the source file.

[0318] Rather, it is the automated creation of a synchronization file to generate the explained affiliation of information content encoded by timestamps of the relevant files and / or their use with individual selection of the information content by the user.

[0319] The problem itself of the invention specified in claim 39 of this application can already be considered inventive, since the prior art does not yet know of a method for automatically creating or using such a synchronization file, which uses time stamps to establish a reference for addressing information content to a file that is not reproduced according to a predetermined time sequence.

[0320] Two examples are given for the application of this new method: one in which the reproduced file is a spoken (or sung) text of an audio signal based on a graphically represented text template (a computer text file displayed on the screen or a text template from a printed publication, etc.) as the source file, and another in which the reproduced file is the music of an audio signal based on a graphically represented musical notation as the source file. In both examples, the audio file can also be coupled to a synchronous video playback, etc.

[0321] In further development, a further measure is provided that, in the event that the fully automatic creation of the synchronization file explained below fails, the user has the option of immediate intervention and / or the option of later semi-automatic correction in order to avoid errors in the creation of the synchronization file or to be able to correct them automatically.

[0322] This technical problem is solved by using a time clock for each media genre or for the files used for playback, e.g. an audio file played back according to a time grid for playback such as speech, music, etc. and an associated source file without a time grid as a text file or a graphic musical notation, etc., which for both media genres or files (i.e. for playback file and source file) consistently marks the reproduced information content (elements) of the file during playback, which time clock is used according to the time lapse (oraccording to a time grid) reproduced file advances (increments or decrements) a counter reading ZTime and is used to address the information elements contained in the source file without a time grid, which is displayed to the user when viewing the file according to their position within the source file, either directly or via further references (page or line information of a printed work, etc.).

[0323] The progression of the counter reading Ztime begins at the respective marks (ADD, or START, etc.) of the individual sections, or in a simplified version can also begin at the beginning of the file.

[0324] During acoustic playback (audio signals such as speech or music), which have (meaningfully) matching markers with the graphically reproduced file, this time frame is linked to the output clock pulse, e.g., to the D / A converter clock of an output audio signal, or to the generation clock of the line sync pulses of a video signal (also picture changes, depending on the application, etc.). Generally, this clock pulse Ztime is therefore tied to the output time frame or is generated by a common processing clock; e.g., for a video signal, this clock would correspond in stability to the line or picture change pulses, etc.

[0325] If a marker signal (trigger) is set using the marker button on the playback device, the time value of the time grid is saved; the file itself is not affected by this process. Therefore, the time values ​​corresponding to a marker (pressing a button) can also be saved in a separate data packet as a file entry for the file name (of the played file), e.g., in the non-volatile memory of the playback device. From there, they can then be sent later via the client computer to a server that manages the files, or, for example, via the mobile phone connection of a car radio to the server (as a closed packet, e.g., when the radio is turned off).

[0326] In the server, for each word (or bar of the musical notation, etc.) of the text file, which is available, for example, once as a file to be displayed graphically, such as a text or a text file (or a musical notation, etc.), and once as a file related to an output time grid, such as an acoustic file, such as an audio file (spoken text or music, etc.), a reference address is stored for each word (or bar of the musical notation, etc.) of the text file, under which this word (or musical notation, etc.) can be called up, whereby this reference address corresponds to the counter reading Ztime, as it occurs when it is advanced by the time beat while the text is spoken, or when the musical notation is played (singing, etc.).

[0327] In this case, use is made of the option of using software to synchronise the corresponding correspondence of the elements reproduced from the graphic file (without a time cycle) (e.g. words, etc.) with those reproduced acoustically (after a time cycle) (in the relevant audio file), whereby the start addresses for the sections, e.g. by page, are set in the acoustically reproduced file (e.g. using appropriate editing software), the file is then played back within a computer program and during the acoustic playback the counter reading Ztime is advanced accordingly with the time cycle, e.g. starting with zero at the beginning of each section.

[0328] For the application of a spoken text, the spoken text available as an audio signal is converted into a text from a text file using speech recognition. Each word is retrieved from the text file in turn, and when the spoken text is recognized in accordance with the text from the text file, the time value or counter reading Ztime corresponding to the spoken text of the audio signal is saved as a key (or reference or address). The position address associated with the key within the text file (of the recognized text) is also saved as a value in a key / value pair list under which the key can be retrieved again via this list.

[0329] The value then corresponds to the position address of the text within the text file and is addressed with the corresponding counter reading Ztime during a subsequent playback of the text file in order to call up the relevant text passages in the text file, as they were marked as interesting (but only heard) passages as a time value via the respective saving of the counter reading Ztime during the playback of the audio file. Example:

[0330] The text stored in a file is read word by word into an array word$(x%). Here, as a simplified representation, the index (x%) is incremented word by word according to each word recognized (via speech recognition) to check whether it is the correct word. By reading the array word$(x%) step by step, the text in the text file is compared word by word with the words recognized by speech recognition.

[0331] After each word is recognized, the array word$(x%) is advanced to the next word by incrementing x%, and a check is made to see whether the current audio signal also provides the (advanced) word as word recognition. The words read from the text file for comparison are thus advanced according to the text sequence, synchronously with the playback of these words as a speech signal.

[0332] If the audio signal text provided by the speech recognition system matches the text in the text file (word for word), the time value determined for each word during playback of the audio signal is stored as a supplement to the existing text file in a hash list (input value, output value). The time value Ztime and index (x%) are stored in pairs such that the corresponding index (x%) can be read from the time value (like a dictionary). This mode, in which the speech recognition system correctly recognizes the words presented by the text array word$(x%), is referred to below as the speech recognition evaluation mode.Of course, an approximation method can also be used in which a word from the text file is recognized as correct by the word supplied by the speech recognition, even if only a few essential syllables (which make up the word taking into account the other recognized words) are recognized in the word supplied by the speech recognition, etc. In principle, all that matters with this method is that the forwarding (from (x%)) for reading out the comparison words from the text file word$(x%) takes place synchronously with the spoken words contained in the audio signal, so that the time values ​​(or counter readings) Ztime determined for each word (or word start) match those read from the text file in order to be able to create the key / value pair list as a synchronous file.

[0333] If, however, a word preselected by advancing the array word$(x%) is not recognized by the speech recognition, then the system switches to a semi-automatic mode, referred to as mouse mode below. In mouse mode, word selection is not made by advancing through the recognized words in speech recognition, but manually, as described below for further training. In mouse mode, several words or strings located in a catch range of the manual selection are also included in the comparison, so that this mode corresponds to a semi-automatic mode in which the word selection made is still marked for automatic retrieval for later correction and checking. In mouse mode, the time value Ztime and Index(x%) are also saved in pairs.

[0334] Thus, by entering the variable "time value" = Ztime into the hash list (input value, output value), the index (x%) can be immediately read from this list, which in turn immediately provides the correct position of the text, or rather, the text passage. It is obvious that the index (x%) can also be created multidimensionally, e.g., divided into line / word number within the line, etc., as is common in word processing programs, allowing for immediate jumps to a specific text passage.

[0335] The table (list) can also be created in such a way that reverse addressing (referencing) is possible, ie the "time value" = Ztime is read using the position of the text (e.g. marked by the user with the mouse) as a key.

[0336] Since the time value Ztime can be defined (and saved) relative to the RAM address (or flash memory, etc.) of an MP3 file, it is possible, for example, to click on any text location and hear the correct text for a specific section starting at that point. Text playback is not performed directly (i.e., not via a computer voice), but exclusively through the preferred synchronization.

[0337] If the time value Ztime is transmitted from the supplementary file belonging to the data file to the server, the server sends the line number (absolute or further subdivided by page division, etc.) and the word number (within the line) to the program used to display the text on the client computer, so that the points previously marked by a keystroke while listening to the text on the playback device can be called up sequentially in the visually displayed text, either automatically or by entering it via a search function, or by looking it up in a printed publication, etc. The connection file between the playback device and the server is, on the server side, the synchronization file created for a file; for the playback device, these are the time values ​​Ztime saved as supplementary files by the user using the marking key, which correspond to the points of interest in the file played back according to a time grid (e.g.the audio file you are listening to or a video file, etc.).

[0338] For example, a user can play an MP3 file on their car radio, press a button at interesting passages, and then quickly search for the passages marked on their car radio as text data via their client computer and an internet connection (or locally independently), either by removing a chip card or via a direct mobile phone connection to the server, etc. Or they can look up the relevant passages using the page / line references in a printed publication (book, newspaper) using a database, etc. Or with music, for example, the relevant passages can be displayed via sheet music. Or they can have them loaded directly into an electronically downloadable book.

[0339] Options: To create the list, in order to save the corresponding index (x%) of a word of the "source file" that is not displayed according to a time grid but only graphically (e.g. a text file word$(x%)) for a (arbitrary) grid time value Ztime of the file that is displayed according to a time grid, it can be used as an option or as an additional extension with a camera, the video image of which is evaluated to determine which word the user is currently looking at (on the screen).

[0340] Or, using a screen or even a printed text (with an input pad function based on the principle of a writing pad with a pointing function), a mouse function can be used, where the user, while reading the text, moves the mouse along a ruler (or with the Y-coordinate direction switched off, etc.) or the finger or a pen according to the words read over the text, etc.

[0341] For this mouse pointer variant, hereinafter referred to as mouse mode, the following training measures for operation are specifically provided: - that the mouse pointer / cursor is moved step by step from word to word, which is controlled by the corresponding recognition of the character positions of the mouse pointer movement corresponding to the beginning of a word, - that the mouse pointer / cursor of the screen is automatically set to the beginning of the next line after reaching the last word of a line, whereby at the same time the mouse can be moved back towards the beginning of the line and this movement input, which is carried out exclusively for the purpose of returning the mouse, is blanked out by the software, whereby this blanking is switched on again after the next word has been read, - that the mouse movement in the Y direction (which cuts the lines) is switched off during the X movement in the line direction or is only possible at the first word position. - that this mouse pointer input (mouse mode) is combined with the explained speech recognition evaluation mode (speech recognition text conversion), whereby the words recognized by the speech recognition text conversion are each displayed by the mouse pointer / cursor and furthermore, if a word is not recognized (this is particularly indicated, for example, by changing the text color), the text recognition is re-engaged in a capture area (related to the cursor position) by manually moving the mouse, whereby the following process is carried out by the control: a) If a word advanced in the text file word$(x%) is not recognized by the speech recognition evaluation (in speech recognition evaluation mode), then the assignment control is switched, which assigns the measured time value Ztime (at which a read word is spoken) to a word position in the text file word$(x%) (in order to save it in the list (input value, output value)) in such a way that the word in question is no longer selected via the speech recognition evaluation but via the words selected by the user using the mouse pointer (in mouse mode). The array word$(x%) is advanced via the index x%, directly by the cursor position moved over the mouse pointer. b) If a word indicated by the cursor position, or possibly also a group of words (string$) is (re)recognized by the text recognition / word recognition, then the assignment control which assigns the measured time value (at which a read word is spoken) to a word in order to save it in the list (input value, output value) is switched over (or back) to the speech recognition evaluation mode, whereby (again) for each recognized word in the text file word$(x%) the next word in the text file (or possibly also a group of words) is used for the comparison (advancing from (x%)).

[0342] All text passages at which the speech recognition evaluation (in speech recognition evaluation mode) failed (i.e. the words were not recognized) are saved in sequence (in a correction file similar to a logbook file) so that these passages can be played back (acoustically) by repetition. The user can then pause or resume playback by clicking a mouse button. If, during the time intervals in which the speech recognition evaluation failed and the text was switched to mouse mode, an incorrect assignment of the spoken word to the manually selected word (based on the cursor position) in the text file word$(x%) occurs, then the user can correct this by editing the correction file.

[0343] The positions to which the assignment control automatically switched from speech recognition evaluation mode to mouse mode are then read from the correction file in sequence as jump addresses. In this case, the conventional method for acoustic playback is used in which an audio signal is played back unchanged, retaining the envelope curve and the frequency range contained therein, but at a slower speed. This means that the time course of the envelope is spread by inserting appropriate periods of the audio signal.

[0344] This process is called phase voicing and is also known as "elastic audio." The timing of the time base used to measure the timing of each word is also adjusted to this speed change (which is only used for editing). Since the text is spoken more slowly (while listening) for correction purposes, the user can better follow the corresponding mouse movement to highlight the corresponding text in mouse mode.

[0345] The synchronization file obtained for a text file thus contains as table values ​​(input value, output value), e.g. a hash list with the assignment of the time values ​​Ztime of the file played back according to a time grid in the format (input value, output value) = (key, value) = (Ztime, x%), corresponding to the relevant words of the text as position value x% (of the graphically displayed file word$(x%), which correspond in sequence to the file played back according to a time grid, or acoustically). Likewise, the file played back according to a time grid can also be a video or flash file, etc., instead of an audio file. The synchronization file obtained during the creation (production) of the audio file (e.g. from a text file) is then saved under the relevant file name as an auxiliary file on the server, from which the user can download these positions, e.g.to visually read the text passages marked by keystrokes (in a text file or in a printed document) via his client computer, which is connected to the server via the Internet.

[0346] The precision achievable with the method is particularly desirable when a graphic musical notation is used instead of text, and the acoustic reproduction uses frequency analysis instead of speech recognition to create a musical notation from the acoustically reproduced music. This is at least sufficient to allow comparison with a saved musical notation (a graphically displayed file) for synchronization purposes, in order to create a table (time value of the acoustic reproduction = input value / position of the graphic musical notation marked by the cursor = output). This means that in principle, the synchronization for storing the time values ​​by addressing the notes of the musical notation is carried out in the same way as the synchronization for storing the time values ​​by addressing the words of a text.

[0347] The time values ​​Ztime can be measured either only from the beginning or from markers already set to mark the beginning of sections during acoustic playback.

[0348] Further applications: For example, a third file of a third media genre, e.g. a video file, can be synchronized, whereby the audio file associated with the video file is still available as a text file, etc. The video file with the associated audio file then also generates the preferred time grid for synchronization (to generate the time values ​​Ztime).

[0349] Fig. 9a and Fig. 9b ( Fig. 19a and Fig. 19b) illustrate the procedure: Fig. 9a, Fig. 19a concerns the playback of the file on the device (USE FILE) by the user, who can mark the heard parts of the file played back according to a time grid by means of a key signal and can thus create a supplementary file stored in the playback device with which he can jump to or search for the parts marked by pressing a key in the graphically displayed file which is not played back according to a time grid, using the synchronisation file stored in the server. Fig. 9b, Fig. 19b concerns the creation of the synchronization file (CREATE SYNCHRONIZATION FILE) as a supplement to the graphically displayed file, which is not played back according to a time grid. This file is used to store the time values ​​ZTime, which are used to address the points in the file for visual playback, for each keystroke (during acoustic playback) in the array for storing the markers (Mark Array(x)). With this supplementary file stored in the playback device, the user can, with subsequent use of the synchronization file stored on the server, directly jump to or locate the points marked by a keystroke in the graphically displayed file, which is not played back according to a time grid.

[0350] Explanation of Fig. 9a, Fig. 19a: (USE FILE). At each section marker of a new section (e.g., a new page of text in a book) encoded by an ADD address, the counter Ztime is reset (ZTime=0) to count a time interval. For most applications, it is sufficient to set the time interval counted (or incremented, see INCR ZTime) with the received value of ZTime so that a few measures are allocated to each spoken word (instead of synchronizing the beginning of Ztime exactly with the beginning of the word, which is an option).

[0351] For each key signal (trigger) that the user can enter on the playback device (possibly also via a remote control, etc.), the value of the counter reading ZTime, which is also linked to the address ADD of the section marker (e.g. via the memory organization, where ADD forms a type of directory), is written into an array that is continuously incremented (INCRx) for each write operation (from Ztime1....... Ztime2......Ztime_n) and, when triggered or when the device is switched off, is saved or remains saved in the aforementioned non-volatile memory of the playback device as a supplementary file to a played back file, or is transferred via an interface to the server or an alternative computer, via which the text file can then be examined.It is evident that this function can, in principle, also be housed independently in the playback device, just as the playback device can also have a direct Internet connection to the server, etc.

[0352] Explanation of Fig. 9b, Fig. 19b: (CREATE SYNCHRONOUS FILE). To create the file (here, for example, the additional file to the text file visually displayed on the screen), the starting point is first determined using the mouse function explained (by selecting the relevant text passage with the mouse), with mouse mode being active during this START phase. In this mode, speech recognition always remains effective, with speech recognition evaluation being carried out by comparing the text obtained by speech recognition with the text selected by the user using the mouse. In mouse mode, an extension function is provided which carries out the evaluation within a capture area in the area of ​​the text selected by the user. This means that even if the user has not yet placed the cursor exactly on the correct word recognised by speech recognition using the mouse movement, the correct word (or even a string ora word sequence) is recognized at the relevant text location within the capture area selected by the mouse cursor, whereupon the assignment control automatically switches back to the speech recognition evaluation mode, in which the cursor in the graphically and not time-synchronously displayed file (e.g. text file) is no longer set by the user's mouse movement, but by the speech recognition and for each recognized word (or recognized word sequence) the data supplied by the graphically displayed file (e.g. text file) are switched on within the file (or text) (e.g. by incrementing or decrementing (x%) within word$(x%)).

[0353] Of course, in principle it does not matter whether the synchronization input for assigning the time values ​​to the visually displayed text is made in real time during recording or during playback of an already recorded text.

[0354] In mouse mode, every word (or word sequence) recognized by the speech recognition system that is in the immediate vicinity of the cursor mark in the graphically displayed file (e.g. text file) that is evaluated and displayed as the capture area is taken into account for recognition. This is done by constantly searching the position area of ​​the word marked using the mouse (e.g. in the area three words before and three words after the word, etc.) in the displayed text file (using a corresponding loop). In addition to individual words, a string of, for example, a number of several words (e.g. three) can also be taken into account in this comparison, etc., ditto the number of words in the capture area can also be defined by user input, etc. - If the word (or string) recognized by speech recognition matches the word selected, addressed, or advanced within the capture range from the displayed text file using the mouse function (Wadd or Wadd+1, etc.), the mouse mode switches to speech recognition evaluation mode, and the corresponding current time value ZTIME of the acoustically reproduced audio signal is used as the key (=ZTIME) for storage in a hash whose value is the text position (line number, word number) of the text recognized as matching (match between text found by speech recognition and text found by searching in the area of ​​the mouse position). Subsequently (after saving), the text array, which contains the sequence of words in the text (1 word per index number), is incremented by 1 to the next word and compared with the next word obtained by speech recognition, and so on.The procedure explained in this paragraph is repeated as long as the next word in the text array following a recognition is recognized with the current word provided by the speech recognition. For each recognition, the hash entry is made in the list key / value = ZTIME / text position. - If the word (or string) recognized by the speech recognition does not match the one currently advanced in the text array, then the system switches back to mouse mode as explained in the previous paragraph and starts phasing in to the automatic recognition of the spoken text again. - The text positions whose assignment as a value to the corresponding time values ​​ZTIME (as corresponding keys) are saved in mouse mode, as long as they are not sufficiently recognized by the speech recognition evaluation, are saved in sequence so that they can be automatically jumped to and manually checked in a subsequent correction. - In order to immediately inform the user when mouse mode has been activated (automatically), the color of the text display changes accordingly, e.g. from black (in speech recognition evaluation mode) to red in mouse mode, whereby only the text (word or group of words) where the mouse cursor is currently located is highlighted in red, e.g. also in bold. If the software switches back to speech recognition evaluation mode because the text translated by speech recognition evaluation is within the mouse cursor's capture range and is found by the automated search, the text is again displayed exclusively in black, although the cursor mark, which is advanced exclusively by the program (via word recognition), can also be displayed in color (e.g. blue), etc.

[0355] Automated searching in the mouse cursor capture area in Mouse mode is performed by a continuous search loop, during which the text array circulates the words in the capture area and constantly compares them with the text words recognized by speech recognition. The position index between which the text array circulates is determined by the position of the mouse cursor. If two identical words are found in a row, or if it is unclear whether there is a space between two words, etc., then a string check is also carried out. Instead of checking several individual words in the text one after the other, the word group is gradually changed by gradually adding the next word while omitting the first. If a match is found, this is taken into account when moving on to the next word (in relation to the word position in the text).The single word comparison and the string comparison can also be carried out simultaneously (quasi "simultaneously", of course alternating according to a program), whereby both comparisons can also influence each other with regard to the addressing of the string or word used for the comparison.

[0356] In this way, the synchronization file is obtained for the graphically displayed file (e.g. a text file) that is not played back according to a time grid, in order to be able to immediately display or find the points marked as interesting by the user via a key function during the playback of a file played back according to a time grid (e.g. while listening to an acoustically played file (of a different media genre) via the graphically displayed file (e.g. a text file or a printed work). Since with such a synchronization with the audio file, a video file can also be synchronously integrated, to which, for example, using a teleprompter as explained above, a text can be recorded, a reference to image sections can also be established in this way. The same applies, as already mentioned, to the reference of a music file (e.g.Wave file) to a note file in this way.

[0357] Further options are: The device designed according to the method according to claim 1, after saving the supplementary file (created by the user pressing a key), when playing back the file played back according to a time grid (e.g., an acoustic playback) using the synchronization file additionally stored on the server with a graphic source file (of a different media type, e.g., a text file), also enables only partial excerpts relating to the text passages of a text file requested via the supplementary file. This can, for example, also be logged independently in non-volatile memory if the playback device also enables, for example, the reading of a text or the viewing of a graphic (music score, etc.), e.g., using an electrically rechargeable newspaper (with digital ink, etc.).

[0358] Alternatives and additional information: Depending on the application, it may be useful to make the synchronization file (table) mentioned also reverse-addressable, or to create such a table in which the positions of the graphic reference elements (image elements such as text, music notation, etc.) selected within the graphically displayed file not played back according to a time grid (text, music notation, etc.) are used as addresses (keys) to read out the time values ​​Ztime corresponding to the file (audio, video, Flash, etc.) played back according to a time grid and to use the read-out values ​​to address the respective positions in the file (or signal) played back according to a time grid. The positions of the graphic reference elements (image elements such as text, music notation, etc.) are then selected again using a mouse function, for example.

[0359] Final note: The progressive code ZTime generated in the playback device for the playback of a file based on a time-based raster does not necessarily refer to an absolute time, but rather to the amplitude response of the signal corresponding to the file. As usual, the counting pulses are derived from the highest possible output frequency and synchronized accordingly with the signal playback. How this is done depends on the playback method used. For example, with a video signal, these are the line sync pulses; with an audio method, this corresponds to a clock pulse whose stability corresponds to the output clock of the D / A converter, etc. Technical task in comparison with the state of the art:

[0360] The aim is to play back a part selected for access via a control function from the set of a complete file (e.g. the spoken text of a book being read aloud, etc.) on a playback device, or a functional unit of such a device modified for this purpose, which can, for example, play back files as audio or video signals (or text or images). In addition to the further general applicability of the method, an MP3 player, a CD player, etc., is intended as a playback device.

[0361] In further development, for example, a generally applicable format is provided which, regardless of the data format used (e.g. any standard), can accommodate the parameters and addresses required to carry out the procedure in the file directly in an audio file.

[0362] The term "device" is understood very broadly here. For example, a so-called data-loadable electronic newspaper (or book), which already exists in the lab, can be used as a text display device. Graphic elements such as musical notation can also be displayed. For example, a dual footswitch (with two pedals) for page forward and page backward allows the music on the display to be scrolled forward or backward page by page, etc.

[0363] The technical task concerns the control function, which controls access for playback in such a way that, on the one hand, the user can freely access the content in specific sections, but can only play back a portion of the file's overall volume. This overall volume is not a fixed, predefined section, but rather results from the sum of the samples freely selected by the user during playback, which can be played back as often as desired. However, the total volume of the sections freely selected from a file in this way represents only a fraction of the entire file. In principle, an endless number of data carriers (or loaded data packages such as MP3, etc.) should be playable with such a device. Furthermore, when the user repeatedly plays the files, they should always find exactly the previous status (regarding this file and the recording of the permissible playback volume) and should not be able to play back any further excerpts beyond the volume limited by the file being played, while in principle the excerpts can be freely selected.

[0364] Given the worldwide availability of playback devices for various data storage media that has existed for decades and their constant further development, including the use of multimedia computers for this purpose, especially in connection with use via the Internet (for downloading and playing back files), the task of the invention alone can be considered particularly inventive, because it gives both the multimedia sector and the distribution of classic print media, such as books, newspapers, magazines, etc., an enormous boost through the new technical aid relating to the invention. Preview: In this case, only for a further development of the invention, using device addresses, the correspondence of which with the played data carrier must be present as a check address contained in the data carrier in order to enable its playback, in addition to the embodiment according to claim 1, generally valid protection is further sought independently of claim 1, in particular in detail such that the data carrier is initially stored on a server (from which a file is to be delivered via the Internet) without a defined device address being present, but the device address is added by the server to the device connected to the client computer when downloading the file, and above all, that the server can assign a device address to the device, ie can configure without this type of copy protection being circumvented. This means that a new player can be sold as standard and play any number of non-copy-protected files (as before), as well as any number of copy-protected files. While the manufacturer must adhere to a certain standard, all devices are identical upon delivery; no individual fixed address is required. The device addresses are only assigned during configuration by the server or when a file is downloaded by the server, and are used for a consistency check (possibly with intermediate calculations for decryption using various algorithms) between the file and the device. ☺ Preferred option: Since different labels (brand names of file suppliers, or music publishers, publishing houses, etc.) can freely assign different device addresses, for a special further development the file name (or its encoding) is used as the address for addressing the device address associated with the conformity check and the procedure is as follows.

[0365] When downloading the file from the server, a) the file name used to identify a specific file (regardless of the device or user) or its identifier is written into a non-volatile memory of the playback device; b) the device address assigned when downloading the file is saved under the addressing (link) of the file name (and / or label).

[0366] When playing a file, a coincidence check of the file name and device address is performed in the playback device, for example: a) Is the file name in question even saved? If so, then proceed to the next check. If not, then refuse playback and abort. Optionally, the file name can also be written to the playback device's non-volatile memory. b) Does the device address stored under the address (reference) of this file name match the verification address stored in the file (immediately or after decryption, etc.)? If yes, playback is performed; if no, playback is denied and the process is aborted.

[0367] The file name can also consist of a higher-level address (LABEL, or name of the supplier of the file) and the name of the piece = actual file name, or the address of the file name can be structured in such a way that, depending on the coding (e.g. differentiated by a control bit in the file), the device address is only addressed with the higher-level file name (ie only addressed with the label), or can be addressed with the entire file name (if the control bit indicates this).

[0368] At first glance, this measure appears to be very simple from a technical point of view, but it is by no means trivial, as the state of the art in the marketing of such data storage devices shows. For example, there are currently two opposing views on copyright law alone: ​​that of publishers, especially music publishers, and that of copier manufacturers for copying data storage devices. The proposal made here solely for the (to be regarded as independent) further development of the invention is the exact opposite: the music industry, and ditto the publishers, are to become the driving force for copier manufacturers, and conversely, the copier manufacturers are to increase revenue for publishers. Instead of copiers for compressed files (such as MP3s), there is a data storage device into which the data can be written and then transferred via the data storage device (as a mini device, plug-in card, etc.).) can be transported to another location and reloaded into an appropriate playback device.

[0369] This method also allows different storage media suppliers to block access to the storage media they supply, if necessary or if they detect that tampered media are being played on a device. The supplier can block access to only the storage media they supply by using an address that differs from the other suppliers' labels as part of the compared code for the assigned device address. The only address that must be reserved by agreement (like a trademark) is the supplier's label, as the parent address. This allows different labels to use identical filename addresses to optimally utilize the storage space in the playback device's non-volatile memory.

[0370] The present method, both according to claim 1 and the method discussed in the preview just given, goes far beyond a general program for data processing and can, in addition to the usual implementation with a microprocessor or a computer program, also be implemented in hardware logic, e.g. by a state machine sequencer, etc., or by a DSP program of a digital signal processor.

[0371] For deleting the non-volatile memory, which relates to the information of a file both for the method specified in claim 1 (or 2) and for the general copy protection method of a file, the same measures as in the further development claims can be used. Inventive problem in the context of the prior art: In addition to the already huge advantage of this advanced version, a major incentive to purchase such a device is that while the user can access demonstration files in their entirety (e.g., free of charge), despite unlimited selection from the entire file size, the file can only be played back to a limited extent (in terms of volume!). This means it's like television commercials: just when things get at their most interesting, the show ends. However, the difference is that the user can freely select the interesting parts from the entire volume. ☺ Since the user can test out a wide variety of music, videos, radio plays, read books, etc., using this completely new method for free, this type of device will, on the one hand, spread rapidly, and, on the other, publishers and the music industry will finally be able to provide their data storage devices with usable, device-specific copy protection. Of course, a variant is also feasible in which, for example, the portable device is connected to a computer (PC, notebook, etc.), enabling playback of the downloaded data storage devices directly on the PC if the user doesn't have a CD burner, etc. Thus, taking into account the great advantage that can be achieved with the invention for industrial exploitation and the state of the art, the technical problem itself can already be regarded as particularly inventive.

[0372] During the technical implementation, particular attention was paid to ensuring that the file size limit cannot be circumvented by repeatedly downloading or obtaining files. This process also takes special cases, such as a device defect, loss of the device, or a new purchase of the device, into account to prevent misuse as much as possible.

[0373] The main application of the invention is to play back sample excerpts from a file (sample file) freely selected by the user, thereby encouraging the user to purchase the file or full access to it (full file). Once authorized access to the file has been obtained, the user can only play the file on their device.

[0374] For the first variant (limited playback of a sample file), even with a smaller playback device, a device address is generally not required for a few hundred files (as long as the non-volatile memory is not erased, see later). This means that the user can load and play back the same file from another user and still not exceed the volume played back on their device, even if the user from whom they obtained the file played completely different sections (they still cannot play these). With a larger number of files (practically up to an infinite number), it is necessary to delete the non-volatile memory, the contents of which prevent playback beyond the specified limit, or even to delete it only partially (because it is full).In this case, a device address is also used for the files from which only test excerpts are to be played back, which is done by the server reconfiguring the playback device accordingly via the Internet.

[0375] Since each playback device is coded with a different device address, the server can allow the deletion of the non-volatile memory (of the device) whose contents prevent playback beyond the specified limit, e.g. only every few months, etc.

[0376] The second variant (unlimited playback of a full file) concerns the possibility of unrestricted playback of a file. For this purpose, it is advisable to encrypt a device address in the file, which is checked for a match with the address configured in the device when the device is loaded. Only if this match is met is unrestricted playback possible. As will be explained in more detail later, the device address in the playback device is configured via the Internet by a server using a key procedure. A device can also permanently store multiple device addresses for different purposes. For example,One device address is used for files that can be played back to their full extent, and one device address is used only for files that can be played back to a limited extent, if necessary (when the device's non-volatile memory needs to be erased to manage the file entries for new files). Alternatively, device addresses (including repeating ones) can be configured for several different labels (through which the files are retrieved).

[0377] The state of the art and common practice is the reproduction of excerpts from works, including readings from books, broadcast on radio and distribution via various data media. A preselected excerpt (or several excerpts) is made available to an interested party in the hope that they will then purchase the work. This practice is common both in print media and using electronic media (the internet, etc.).

[0378] Another very common method according to the state of the art (for a more distant comparison) is to provide data processing software with fixed, restricted use to the customer for a demonstration, e.g. preventing the saving of edited files, or counting certain processing steps, e.g. setting eyes (solder eyes, vias, etc.) on programs for the creation of layout patterns for the production of printed circuit boards, etc.

[0379] The application of the method specified in claim 1 of the present invention is primarily aimed at the playback of files (acoustically or visually). However, it also includes measures for processing the files using the preferred encoding / decoding of parameters and addresses, e.g., for generating the division of sections and their length assignments, etc.

[0380] The technical task of the invention is therefore to fundamentally improve the usual static limitation of a file for the usual reproduction to fixed extracts (e.g. of a work, book, CD, etc.) in such a way that a dynamic limitation of the file to extracts freely selected by the user becomes possible without the system being able to be circumvented.

[0381] The invention includes: the playback device; loading files into the playback device (e.g. via the Internet); access control to excerpts or sections of a file to be played back, whereby the file is played back directly and independently on the playback device, or via a computer, where the playback device only manages the file entries (for limitation purposes); the placement of parameter values ​​and addresses directly in an audio signal without influencing or changing the format in which the audio signal is stored; the subsequent extension of the scope of access or the deactivation of access control for a file to be played; and as an extension option: the binding of the playback device to a specific person, in technical terms to a personally used network (e.g. telephone, mobile phone, etc.) or even to the voice of the user, in particular for the configuration of the device addresses, as well as for the deletion of the aforementioned non-volatile memory, the content of which prevents the playback of a file beyond the specified limit and enables the release of a file for unrestricted use. ➯ This new procedure allows for freely selectable parts or sections (as extracts from the complete file) to be made available to the user from a loaded complete file using a structured addressing (e.g. page addresses of a book, etc.), whereby the total volume (as a sum) of these freely selectable extracts is limited in a predefined way compared to the volume of the fully loaded file; e.g. in the simplest case as a certain percentage of the entire file.

[0382] Such as, for example, a certain percentage of a text present as an audio signal from a read-aloud book, a newspaper, etc., with a special feature that differs from the state of the art, namely that the part to be selected (excerpt) is not predetermined when the file (or a data carrier in question) is created, and that an optimized process or system is provided that ensures that this special feature cannot be circumvented by multiple users using a playback device.

[0383] The percentage with which the individual sections of the file marked by addresses (ADD, code) add up can be classified in different ways, e.g. for titles or headlines 0%, i.e. the titles or headlines are not added up at all or do not influence the overall volume. After the title, for example, the first couple of sentences are given 10%, i.e. their length is only given 10% in the summation, and the other text passages are given 100% of their length, whereby, for example, a total of 20% of the total length of the text (e.g. spoken as an audio signal) should be freely available. This means that the maximum playback length of the text in the section marked by ADD is limited to 20%. This means that for each of the individual sections a length limit can be selectively defined for each section to prevent the entire section from being played back.Alternatively, this length limit can also be defined as a volume limit within a section, meaning that a specific percentage of the section can be freely selected and played back by the user. As always, global parameter presets can also be made within a file (e.g., maximum playback length of a section = 20%, etc.).

[0384] This means that for each section address, hereinafter referred to as the START address (with which a section is called up), the following parameters for limiting playback can be added: - the maximum absolute length of the section, measured from START, - the maximum percentage of the length of the section, freely selectable within the section, - the value of the length in % of the section as it is used for the summation of the volume, - and furthermore an optional indication as to whether, after reaching the limit of a section (e.g. the maximum length), playback should continue at the next section or at the next START address, or simply be stopped.

[0385] Depending on the complexity, you can also define subaddresses with corresponding parameter assignments, etc. These subaddresses cannot be accessed directly, but are used only as labels for assigning different parameters. The length (of a section) is measured depending on the medium being reproduced (e.g., acoustic or moving images) as a measure of time, or in the case of text, in the number of words, or in the case of music, in the number of bars, etc., or even as a percentage of the entire section. ➯ In particular, while the same device allows multiple use to play freely selectable parts or sections of the loaded complete file, possibly even among multiple users while adhering to the predefined volume limit, regardless of how many users are using the device, it also allows, above all, after separate activation (taking into account the key provided for this activation), exclusive single use for the entire playback of the complete file by only one authorized user, without the need for a password. This has the advantage that this protective measure cannot be circumvented by unauthorized disclosure of a password for access, which would infringe copyright.There are even measures in place to ensure that if the device is passed on along with the downloaded file(s), another user can only use the device with major restrictions.

[0386] A particularly preferred playback device is a portable MP3 player that also has an Internet radio. Using a buffer memory (FIFO), several programs can be recorded simultaneously for hours and the user can also permanently save and copy selected music from it. However, upon repeated playback, only excerpts can be played back, with the option to purchase the entire file. ➯ Or the device is also very suitable for a car radio with an integrated radio telephone / mobile phone connection, with the option that, for example, book texts, newspapers, etc. can be played back via the internet as well as via a data storage device, e.g. to listen to excerpts (as audio books) and then buy a title (music, a book being read aloud, etc.) as an unlimited file from the home PC, whereby the file is loaded into the car radio as an MP3 from a server via the car radio's radio telephone / mobile phone connection, while the user is connected to the server via the internet on their home PC. E.g. to first listen to excerpts from a book, then buy the entire file and the book, in order to alternate between listening to the book on the car radio or continuing to read at home, etc. The user then has the option of using the browser on their PC orThe server then sends an SMS to the car radio's mobile phone connection, setting the exact jump address to the point where the user stopped reading. If the car radio user switches to MP3 recording, they can listen to the book being read aloud starting at the specified point.

[0387] Or the user can, for example, independently of the application according to claim 1, have a subscribed newspaper read to him while driving, which he has downloaded via the radio telephone / mobile phone connection of his car radio using his home PC (by entering the telephone number of the mobile phone in the car radio).

[0388] For this variant, it is also practical to install the radio / cell phone module outside the car radio and conceal it within the vehicle. The car radio only has a corresponding interface to the radio / cell phone / MP3 player, making it very inexpensive to implement. The radio / cell phone / MP3 player module, which is housed independently of the car radio, is also equipped with a GPS receiver so that the location can be transmitted via the radio / cell phone in the event of the vehicle being stolen. It is also practical to integrate a microphone into the car radio, which can be used to record conversations via the MP3 memory and also retrieve them via the radio / cell phone connection.

[0389] The solution to this technical problem relates to the method according to claim 1 as the essential idea of ​​the invention with the specified developments in the subclaims and the measures for implementing the control functions for controlling access for playback, in particular when a portable device is used for playback, which can, for example, also be reduced to only part of the control functions and can be plugged into a conventional standard device (e.g. also in a car radio, etc.) as a plug-in module (if the previously described preferred option is not used).

[0390] Or the device has a modulator / transmitter to feed in via the antenna of a car radio (also via its switching with an RF relay), etc. Or these control functions can be built into an otherwise conventional portable CD player or MP3 player.

[0391] In particular, extensions are made to the file to be played back, e.g. an MP3 file or an audio file stored on a CD or a video file, etc., which involve the addition of addresses and parameters, with the associated address recognition and address checks provided in the playback device, and an evaluation of the parameters in order to implement the control functions for access. In addition to the usual storage of the file to be played back, the addresses contained in the file and their associated check functions are permanently stored in a non-volatile memory. This also includes the implementation of the deletion conditions and reinitialization when the non-volatile semiconductor read / write memory, in which the addresses controlling access to the information are permanently stored (and therefore retained when the device is switched off), is full and must therefore be deleted.

[0392] It is further provided that if a file that has already been played (heard or seen) is played repeatedly, the sections already heard or seen will still be accessible, but new sections can only be accessed as long as the amount of data limited to the intended share (e.g. corresponding to a predetermined percentage) is not exceeded. ➯ In a further development, the specification of this share (or percentage) can be influenced by a procedure that allows unlimited access (100% access) to the file during playback, which, however, can only be performed depending on the identification of the user (or the playback device). And the file in question is updated (e.g., via the Internet) using appropriate access control.

[0393] Let me briefly explain why a customer should buy such a device? For example, to be able to play freely selectable excerpts from a printed work, or listen to freely selectable music tracks, etc., completely legally and without infringing copyright, using the option to obtain a file from the Internet. And if necessary, to be able to listen to the file collection loaded into the device using the MP3 format, for example, after paying a fee or after buying a book in question, etc., either continuously or just once (for a smaller fee). It is precisely the enormous possibilities that arise from the seamless hierarchy of access to a copyrighted work, acquired in several steps, that make the new process so economically interesting.

[0394] The inventive concept is represented by claim 1. This is followed by subclaims characterizing further developments and options for implementation.

[0395] Even if the preferred method were to be implemented exclusively by software on a computer, which is in principle possible if the only playback device used is a computer (which can also be connected to the Internet), this is not a program that is used exclusively for data processing, but rather a novel memory organization controlled by a special method for address generation and address checking carried out to implement preferential access control (which is controlled by this new method in a special manner corresponding to the invention). As a further example, it is preferred that the aforementioned "playback device" with the non-volatile memory, for example, only manages (stores) the file entries, but the file is played back on a computer (PC) using appropriate software. According to the Patent Act, respectively.According to current case law, such a process is protected by the intellectual property right even if it is implemented exclusively by software, i.e. by a data processing program, if it is also used in accordance with the inventive features.

[0396] Preferred application: A preferred application of the invention is to provide a complete (e.g. spoken) book text, or an audio file spoken in the book text (as a read-aloud text), which is encrypted ( Fig. 1, Fig. 11, Fig. 21) is loaded into the memory of a CD player or MP3 player modified for carrying out the method (e.g., via an internet connection or a data storage device), using an access control method corresponding to the technical task of the invention. For this application, the reproduced audio file (with the spoken text) is divided into sections corresponding to the book pages, with the relevant page numbers being displayed on the device and being able to be accessed or listened to according to the user's selection.

[0397] The user can start playback of the file from any designated start address (which here, for example, corresponds to the page number of the book being read aloud and is continuously shown or can be selected by pressing a standard forward / backward step button on the display, see access / operation in Fig. 1, Fig. 11, Fig. 21).

[0398] In the hierarchy, the following addresses and parameters, classified according to priority, are provided as a protection code to control access and, in a further development of the invention, are directly included in the digital code of the audio signal. It is obvious that this example can be modified as desired using other known methods.

[0399] Explanation of terms: The term "initialization" of the playback device refers to the deletion or reorganization of the stored security addresses and parameters that control the device's access. This is only possible if special security measures are observed, which are explained in more detail later. When initializing the device (e.g., using the Internet), the device address is primarily assigned. This device address has nothing to do with the data network protocol; rather, it is an identification address for the server. It is assigned not to the Internet connection, but to the playback device as an absolute and permanently stored address. It can only be changed by reinitializing the playback device. - Device address: The device address is contained in the loaded (playable) file and is checked against the address permanently stored in the playback device during loading. If it doesn't match, playback is generally refused (or the file isn't loaded at all). The device address in the playback device is configured during initialization, preferably via a central database on one or more servers on the Internet. Corresponding configuration options are provided to prevent different users from using the same device. These options are described in more detail below.

[0400] The use of device addresses allows the server program to better control the use of files downloaded from the server's database to a user. - File name: The file name is contained in the header of the loaded (to be played back) file and is entered into a non-volatile memory register (e.g. FLASH RAM) of the playback device as an identifier (address) of a list, hereinafter referred to as the file name list, when the file is played back for the first time and remains permanently stored together with this list, including its contents, until the device is reinitialized (see the term explained above), even if the file whose file name relates to this list has already been deleted from the playback device (MP3) or a corresponding data carrier from which the file was played back (e.g. a CD player) has been removed in the meantime.Also permanently stored are the parameters and addresses entered in the file name list for a file name, which are used to secure access to the individual sections when playing the file and are therefore referred to as key data of a particular file within the file name list.

[0401] For the application of playing back texts read aloud from books, it is still useful if the file name corresponds directly to the title of a book, etc.

[0402] A file name is created as an identifier (address) of the corresponding file name list, along with the corresponding section addresses as key data for the file, only when the file is first played back. The relevant excerpt(s) being played back are permanently stored as key data in the file name list of this file via their corresponding section addresses. For example, "file name" (page 1 to page 5 / page 10 to page 12, etc.). Of course, not the actual file is permanently stored, but only its section addresses with the corresponding current length coding (incremental as a step number, or as a time value, etc.).

[0403] It may be useful to provide an option for the file prepared with the section addresses, which, for example, allows for a short listening session (in seconds) of a section without the section in question being entered as a key value in the file name list. This parameter, associated with a section address of a file (see later for the [START + ADD] format), then corresponds to a delay in seconds over which a section must be played in order for it to be entered into the file name list (e.g., in a hash or an array) as a key file for access control during playback. - Page address (or section address): The page address in this example is the start address of a section of the played file, or in this case the associated audio signal, that can be accessed via this start address and corresponds to Fig. 1, Fig. 11, Fig. 21) directly follows the page number of the printed text (a book, newspaper, etc.). These sections, with their starting addresses (at the beginning of each section), are immediately adjacent. Since there is no special pause between sections, it is advisable, when a sentence is interrupted by a page break, to place the page address of the (next page) as the starting address at the beginning of the sentence, i.e., at the end of the previous page.

[0404] It is evident that the division into sections, or in this case page addresses, can be made according to any specifications, for example, subdivisions into paragraphs (page number / paragraph, e.g. 4 / 2 corresponding to page 4 paragraph 2) can be made, or the division into sections can be made according to any specifications, which is why the address referred to here as the page address is generally also referred to as the section address.

[0405] Note: When accessing or playing the file, the section addresses (here page addresses) are incremented accordingly (INCRvol) to determine the volume of the access.

[0406] For this example, the division into equal sections is proportional to the number of pages in a book (or the reproduced audio signal of a read text), i.e. the accessed volume can be directly determined from the number of pages. However, this is undesirable for many applications, whereby the corresponding classified volume, independent of the actual volume of the section, is added to each start address of a section as a calculation parameter and taken into account during playback or when adding up the volume. It is advisable to provide a smallest counting unit, the integer multiple of which is specified as the start address of a section. The INCRvol command (seeabove) then multiplies the smallest counting unit by the specified multiple and adds it to the current volume. The access volume is checked before each access to a new section to ensure it hasn't been exceeded (to block access to new sections). The start addresses of the sections are then also consecutively numbered so that they can be saved under a file name in non-volatile memory.

[0407] As a second parameter, which can also be optionally added to a start address, the maximum playback length of the relevant section can also be coded.

[0408] For example, in a music CD application, the start address of interesting tracks can be assigned this additional parameter to prevent the track from being played in its entirety. Conversely, a lesser-known piece of music can be allowed to play in its entirety (no specification) or at a longer length, etc. The same is also useful for newspapers, for example, where certain short articles should be prevented from being played in their entirety.

[0409] As a third parameter, which can optionally be added to a start address, a delay time Delay can be coded, after which only the reproduced section belonging to the respective start address is entered into the file name list for the key data.

[0410] Thus, for a section (here a page) the following characters placed at the beginning of the section, starting with the control character [START], are encoded in the following form: Format: [START]; [Option=Z]; [ADD]; [Parameter 1]; [Parameter 2]; [Parameter 3];....Audio, Audio, Audio, etc. [Option]; ....to a specified number of parameters optional format: specifies the number of parameters following the address [ADD]. [ADD]........Address, consecutive number associated with the control character [START], to designate a section with this number. Associated with this address is the section length, which refers to this absolute address and designates the end of the section. This section length can coincide with the next value of the subsequent address (seamless transitions) or end the section earlier. [START].....control character used uniformly for all sections marked as start address to mark the beginning of a section; ADD...........The consecutively numbered section address, e.g. corresponding to a corresponding page number of the text; [Parameter 1]......Value of the volume percentage (relative to the total file volume; see the following explanation of percentage) of the portion of the section permitted for playback. If parameter 1 is not specified, the value added to the file name as a parameter in the file header is interpreted as the default value for parameter 1. [Parameter 2]......Length specification, e.g., in a unit appropriate for playback (number of characters for text, time unit in s for audio or video, etc.). Once this length is reached (e.g. also as a time specification in seconds), playback of this section is stopped and the user is informed, for example, how to obtain the entire file, etc. If parameter 2 is not specified to prematurely terminate a section, then it is interpreted as a length specification coinciding with the subsequent address of a section and there is no premature selective length limitation of the section, but the limitation is only based on the percentage specified as a parameter to the file name (see next point) of the total volume. [Parameter 3]......Time delay as explained above. If the listened-to section is to be immediately entered into the file name list for the key data, then a zero is defined as the parameter.

[0411] In addition to the device address, a default value (as a preset) of this parameter can also be defined at the head of the file, which is inserted into the parameters whenever only a character defined as a placeholder is used instead of a parameter value. Example of a file header:

[0412] new file..... [BEGIN]; [FILENAME of any length]; [START]; [Parameter 1 default]; [Parameter 2 default]; [Parameter 3 default]; START + ADD]; [Parameter 1]; [Parameter 2]; ....Audio, Audio, Audio, etc.

[0413] The bold italicized part corresponds to the file header. The [BEGIN] control character at the beginning of a file indicates the file name.

[0414] Example of encoding the format in any digitized audio signal (also compressed, such as MP3): In order to encode the control characters within a digital audio signal packed or stored in any format, a reduced code method can be used, for example, in which the maximum value of the control range resulting from the number of bits used is reduced by the value of 1 or a few further steps (as required) (ie is limited as the maximum possible control level when processing the digital signal).

[0415] Whereby, if the key values ​​of the analogue signal correspond to a value range of, for example, +max.=01111...1110 to -max.=1000.....00001 of the two's complement representation and the actual maximum values ​​positive=01111...1111 or negative= max= 1000.....00000 are used (reserved) as a control signal, where, for example, the control character [START] which always precedes a code sequence is to be interpreted as an equivalent positive or negative number, depending on which half-wave range, positive or negative, the reproduced audio signal is currently in.

[0416] If a digitally processed audio signal is already present, it is scanned for the maximum occurring value and if the maximum values ​​positive = 01111...1111 or negative = max = 1000.....00000 occur, the entire signal is multiplied by a corresponding correction factor less than 1 to ensure that these values ​​no longer occur in the audio signal.

[0417] Thus the start character is defined as [START] = (01111...1111) + (1000.....00000), where +... means an OR symbol. Decoding a start signal [START]:

[0418] If a digital value corresponding to the digital start signal [START] is decoded, the transfer pulse for the transfer of the amplitude value corresponding to this coding is suppressed and the value is interpreted as the start signal [START].

[0419] For the register in which the respective (suppressed) amplitude value corresponding to the time frame would be written (stored), a value is set instead of the amplitude value (not present in the file). This value is derived from the previous amplitude value and the amplitude value stored after the control character as an interpolation value corresponding to the previous signal increase, even across multiple values, taking the curvature into account. This interpolation is further filtered by the reconstruction filter used during playback. The exact process will be explained later. Fig. 2, Fig. 12, Fig. 22 and Fig. 3, Fig. 13, Fig. 23 explained. The following further definition is used:

[0420] After the recognition (decoding) of a [START] character, a certain number of parameters or addresses should be transferred (coded) according to the counting sequence (counted parameters), whereby as an option, in addition to a fixed number of such characters, for example, the first parameter [Option=Z] before the address [ADD] can also encode or define the number of subsequent characters.

[0421] In the preferred coding (or preferred format), a mandatory sequence also specifies that for each parameter value P (or address, etc.) associated with the string of the [START] character, which is not to be interpreted as an amplitude value an* of the digitally coded analog signal, an analog value (IPL) corresponding to the signal rise and determined by interpolation is set at the respective time grid position (or stored for playback). An example of this will be given later. Fig. 2, Fig. 12, Fig. 22 and Fig. 3, Fig. 13, Fig. 23 is explained in more detail. In this way, parameters and addresses can be placed anywhere in an audio signal reproduced with a linear time raster (CD format, or MP3, etc.), without having to worry about the format in which the audio signal is encoded during A / D conversion or decoded again during D / A conversion. This has significant advantages, as any ISO-standardized format can be used, and it is sufficient to insert the parameters and addresses immediately after A / D conversion in place of the values ​​corresponding to the analog signal, and then remove them again during decoding before D / A conversion. It is evident that the method is suitable for any type of analog signal, and therefore, in principle, also for video signals. In principle, it is sufficient to encode a jump label with a control character following the [START] character (e.g. if the data format is stored as MP3 in a RAM, and the audio signal and the data are stored in separate sections) and to store the string with the control characters (control characters) under this jump label, or the complete string of control characters or control characters can also be accommodated within the audio signal (e.g. if a CD or DVD is used as the data carrier, etc.). For example, in order to set the markers with the [START] character in an audio file, it is sufficient to listen to an audio file with appropriate software that has been expanded to include this function and to set a marker at the appropriate points, e.g. via a key input (which is automatically incremented, e.g. page numbers are increased) and furthermore via a menu input a linear or individual volume unit is to be assigned, as it should correspond to the rating in relation to the entire file for access restriction, furthermore also a length restriction, which can also be carried out empirically by setting appropriate markers at the points in the audio file, or if necessary also the delay parameter already explained.Since the control characters, parameters, and addresses are written directly into the audio signal instead of a value of the audio signal, ready-made editing software can be modified with minimal effort to configure the audio files with the relevant addresses. Furthermore, placeholders can also be used to set the parameters and addresses by assigning variables, depending on the running program.

[0422] For playback, it is sufficient if the start character [START] is decoded as the first character of a control character string to start a multiplexer process according to a forced sequence, in which the next but one and all subsequent values ​​arriving at an odd-numbered position (relative to the decoding of [START]) of the time grid are interpreted as belonging to the control character [*], and all values ​​arriving in between at an even-numbered position of the time grid are interpreted as belonging to the analog signal [an*], as the following scheme illustrates: an540; [START]; an541; [Option=*Z]; an542; [*0]; an543;[*1]; an544; an545; an546....

[0423] The [START] character decoded as an amplitude value (01111...1111) or (1000.....00000) during processing (A / D conversion) of the analogue signal switches to the interpretation as a parameter to be interpreted for the time clock after the next but one (with which the values ​​of the digitized analogue signal are transported), i.e. after the amplitude value an541, and the value of [*Z] is read, in which the value Z=1 is located, which means that two more parameters ([*0] and [*1] follow), with values ​​in between being interpreted as amplitude values ​​an542 and an543 (switched with a toggle function corresponding to a clocked flip-flop, whose clock activation or reset or output value is set by the decoded [START] character, and clock deactivation is determined by the Z parameter or the number of coded parameters). It is evident that the number of defined parameters can also be much larger (e.g.Z=10, etc.).

[0424] The interpretation for the assignment of the values ​​obtained via the parameter list [*;] to the assigned variables or addresses is carried out by a list that is passed from the file to the playback device independently of the audio signal of the file (at the beginning) after the file name and the device address and can also be modified within the file by using further code sequences each introduced with [START], etc.

[0425] The control character [START], which can be directly coded in any digital audio signal, can be compared with the control character ESCAPE commonly used in data technology in order to code any code sequence for any purpose.

[0426] After the last parameter character P (in this example P=[*1]) has been recognized (and counted accordingly) by definition using [*Z], all subsequent characters are again interpreted as amplitude values ​​an544; an545; an546....; etc.

[0427] Non-volatile memory: A FLASH semiconductor memory can be used as a non-volatile read-write memory, for example, or an electromechanical memory (hard disk), from which a volatile memory RAM is usually loaded when the device is switched on. - Percentage: The percentage is specified as a parameter in the loaded (to be played) file (e.g. after the file name) and concerns the specification of the permissible proportion (e.g. in percent of the total number of pages available, etc.) that is to be made accessible to the user in a freely selectable manner. - Checking the percentage: Each time a new section of a file is played, the first step is to check whether the section address ADD of the section currently being played (here page) is already stored at the address of the file name in the non-volatile memory (if not already created, this address will be added to the relevant list of the file after the time defined in the delay parameter has elapsed):

[0428] If so, the INCRvol command, which increments the counter to continuously determine the accessed volume, or (in the case of unequal sections) to continuously add the volume when accessing the section of this (already stored section address or page address), is not executed, and the section in question (e.g., a specific page address) is played back (e.g., as an audio file of a spoken text from a specific book page). In other words, the INCRvol command is not executed until the already played portion of a section has been reached during playback.

[0429] If not, the INCRvol command is executed on the section of this (already saved section address or page address), i.e. the counter is incremented or (if the volume proportions of the sections are unequal) the volume specified at the start address of the section is added while the volume is being added. The result is then compared with the percentage (as a data value) to see whether the currently summed volume exceeds the specification (the percentage) from the file. If so, the list containing the sections already executed under the file name (as an identifier or address) in the non-volatile memory is locked and the start address of the section is no longer included in this list. If, on the other hand, the currently summed volume has not yet been exceeded, the start address is included in the list of the file name and the section in question is played back.

[0430] The status no also corresponds to this query if a section that has already been marked as played (by the preferred storage) is exceeded during playback, ie the exceeded part of the section is continuously checked for the specified maximum permissible volume and is permanently saved when the section is finished (see the following detailed explanation of Fig. 4. Fig. 14, Fig. 24).

[0431] This means that specific locations on the storage medium itself do not have to be directly assigned to which the user can or cannot access, as has been the case up to now. Instead, the selection of sections to be divided into arbitrary sections is left to the user. For example, after reading a section, they can listen to the next section or a newly selected section, etc. Only the total number of sections is monitored for access restriction. However, additional individual section restrictions can also be used (e.g., via the length parameter).

[0432] Preference list option: Another option is to define a parameter at the top of the file to be played as a preference list. This list contains a series of preferred start addresses (ADD) that the creator of the file has deemed particularly interesting. By pressing a special key, these start addresses of preferred sections (e.g. pages) are displayed to the user in sequence (e.g. as page numbers) (with a forward / backward function), with an overriding switchover to personal selection by the user is provided. It is advisable to include a text file in the source file which contains an overview of the individual chapters (corresponding to the start addresses to be jumped to), etc. By using the device in conjunction with a PC connected to the Internet, this selection can be further improved with appropriate menu navigation.

[0433] Fig. 1, Fig. 11, Fig. 21 concerns the example in which the division of the sections of an audio signal, indicated by start addresses and otherwise arranged one after the other without additional pauses, are divided according to the pages of a (read aloud) book (or radio play, etc.), thus the summation of the current volume without taking into account any further volume information can be realized by a simple counter Z in the program of the respective processor, which is incremented each time the above-mentioned (and so-named) command INCRvol is executed. The counter counts in a counting unit defined by a parameter (e.g., every 20 seconds of playback time, one unit, etc.). In the non-volatile memory, the total counter reading for each file is also stored in the list of sections already played (here page numbers) at a specific position (e.g.Position 0) is stored so that it can be loaded into the RAM of the processor (e.g. DSP) when the playback device is switched on.

[0434] A further development of the method includes the option of dynamically controlling the extent of the limited data volume (i.e. the predetermined percentage) to which the user has access. This is done so that, for example, when purchasing and paying for a book, the customer (or user) has free access to the entire spoken text of the book. This is achieved by appropriately marking the file corresponding to the book (via the percentage) when the customer downloads the file in question as an upgrade from the Internet (which can also be done in a bookshop, etc.). In addition to the option of attaching a password to a book that can be used once for a device address as a scratch-off note or in a sealed envelope, the bookshop can also activate the access (via the Internet) for the device address of the playback device.

[0435] This allows the user to have the book "read to" them via audio playback, then continue reading the book themselves, and then have the continuation read to them again, alternating as often as they wish. To better protect copyright, this extended function, which allows the user to access the full contents of the file, should only be available to the person authorized as a user upon purchase of the book, and the use of technical means should make it less attractive to share the playback device. This corresponds to the additional task specified below. Additional technical tasks.

[0436] The additional technical challenge concerns the connection of the device (which is identified by the permanently stored device address) to the user. Two variants are proposed here.

[0437] For both variants, an initialisation procedure is used, for example using a computer connected to the Internet, using the procedure specified in the preliminary application DE 10 2004 046 413.8.

[0438] In the preliminary application DE 10 2004 046 413.8, a method was specified with which the location of a computer, e.g. an Internet connection, can be linked in a tamper-proof manner to any telephone connection that is independent of the Internet connection of the computer, and this while excluding the possibility of manipulating the recognition procedure for this connection if, for example, another telephone connection were used for this purpose.

[0439] In the present method, the method according to DE 10 2004 046 413.8 specified here is used for an optional further development in such a way that when a file is downloaded via the Internet, the playback of the downloaded files is only possible, or these files can only be used in the device, if the device address stored in the device corresponds to an identifier which the server downloading the file checks and further checks whether the device or the device address belongs to the user whose password when logging into the relevant web page (to download the file) belongs to the telephone connection to which the web page is linked by the method with 10 2004 046 413.8. Practical example with reference to Fig.1, Fig.11,Fig.21 with extension option according to DE 10 2004 046 413.8 for initialization:

[0440] The playback device is an MP3 player equipped with a special chip (e.g. DSP) for carrying out the process. In addition to audio playback, it has a conventional file memory and a keypad with additional keys in addition to the usual control keys for jumping to the points encoded in the audio signal. In this case, every page of a spoken book text can be encoded continuously, for example, and paragraphs can also be marked. It is advisable to provide an interface between the device and a computer (PC, notebook) so that the starting position of the device can be found even on a computer with its far better options for menu structuring. Otherwise, it is advisable to design text input (if desired) to be compatible with SMS input on a mobile phone.

[0441] Furthermore, the device contains a display on which the names of the files contained in the MP3 file (in this case book titles) can be shown directly, as well as the page numbers to identify sections into which an audio file is divided and which relate, for example, to the reading text of a book, a drama, or a radio play, etc.

[0442] For the MP3 player configuration, the system is structured so that loading the data storage is only possible with the involvement of the web server from which the tracks are downloaded. The initial loading requires a one-time initialization of the playback device, during which the encrypted device address is permanently written into the device and stored non-volatilely (e.g., in a flash memory, etc.). For the CD or DVD player configuration, the file must also be obtained from a web server, in which case the user must then burn the CD or DVD themselves.

[0443] In both cases, the device address of the device can be assigned, for example, via a web page that is still linked to the telephone number of a telephone or cell phone. During subsequent downloads (via a computer connected to the Internet), it is always checked whether the user of the web page, via which files are (supposed to be) loaded into the device, has access to the corresponding telephone number during the download process. This procedure is an option that is not available, for example, in bookstores, where the customer can present their player so that when they buy a book, the corresponding file is either loaded directly onto the device (e.g.As an MP3, or a CD is burned with a file downloaded from the Internet. Before burning, the file is further processed using a suitable computer, into which the device address of the playback device is read directly via the device connection, so that the correct device address is included in the file. Or, if necessary, a new (additionally valid) device address can be assigned, which the user can then subsequently adapt to their device using the Internet and their web page access linked to them via a personal telephone number, using the server, etc.

[0444] If the option of additional use of the method according to DE 10 2004 046 413.8 is used, then each time the user loads a file over the Internet, the server checks whether the device address stored in a non-volatile manner in the playback device also corresponds to the telephone number that was assigned by the server to the user of the device by saving it in the non-volatile memory during the initial initialization of the device or, if applicable, during a correction (in order to link the initialization to a changed telephone number) via a file loaded into the recording device in connection with this initialization process.

[0445] In further development, the procedure is as follows: If the user wants to download a file from the Internet for use (regardless of whether directly, e.g. as an MP3 file, or via a subsequently created data carrier, such as a CD, etc.), then they connect their playback device via a corresponding port on the computer (USB, etc.) via which they have access to their hard disk (this can also be the connection of a network card, etc.), whereby the device address of the playback device is first copied to the hard disk via this connection, or if access to the disk via the Internet is to be blocked, it is saved in the area for cookies, or can also be copied to the copy storage (clipboard), from where the user can copy it into a corresponding window of the relevant WEB page by simply using the copy function.If the device address is visible to everyone, this usually does not play a special role, since firstly the playback device can only be configured via an encrypted file with the device address, and secondly a file can only be played on the device if it contains the correct device address, and furthermore the device address with a currently loaded file can still be encrypted in any way (so that if the device address remains the same, the visibly displayed address changes from file to file, etc.). Procedure for checking the connection of the telephone number to the clien...

Claims

[1] Method with arrangement for reproducing media data with a control function controlled by the reproduced file for accessing the reproduction via a reproduction device with A) codes of reference addresses contained in the reproduced file, which designate sections of the file and their lengths from which points in the file can be selected for playback, B) an access control for the playback device corresponding to the encoding of the file, C) a blocking function which allows the reproduction of the file by the above-mentioned encodings only in extracts or parts of the file influenced by the encodings; characterized by , that i. a non-volatile data memory is provided in the playback device which, for each part of the file which is played back from a section which is played back for the first time, stores a file entry belonging to the played back section, which refers to the coding of reference addresses to the sections of the file and their length information mentioned in paragraph A) in the played back file, which is no longer immediately erasable by the user without further aids, permanently (i.e. even when the device is switched off), ii. and that by summing the lengths of the file as they correspond to the file entries stored in the non-volatile data memory for the reference addresses and their length information, the reproduction of the file beyond a total length limited by a predetermined limit is prevented in accordance with the sum formed by this summation. [2] Method according to claim 1, characterized by that the writing process of the codings into this memory as well as the control of the playback of the media data is controlled in the following way by the following process steps: a) when activating the playback of a section (of the file) marked by the codes contained in the file, a check is carried out to determine whether an identifier corresponding to the section (of the file) being played back has already been written into the non-volatile data memory (YES? or NO?), b) if an identifier corresponding to the section currently being played (or to be played) is not detected in the non-volatile data memory (NO), it shall be written into the non-volatile data memory as the identifier assigned to the played section, unless the non-volatile data memory is already locked due to the detection that the permissible volume has already been reached, c) if an identifier corresponding to the currently played back (or to be played back) section is detected in the non-volatile data memory (YES), then the section is played back accordingly, or if this identifier is not stored in the non-volatile data memory and is not stored according to the information in step b) (due to a detected volume limitation or further optional length limitation of a section), the section is not played back, d) the check for limiting the volume of the media data played back is carried out by summing the volumes of the sections as they correspond to the identifiers of these sections stored in the non-volatile data memory, whereby if it is determined that the volume limited by a specification (a parameter) has been reached or exceeded, the feasibility according to step b) is blocked and no new sections are played back unless they correspond to the identifiers stored in the non-volatile data memory. [3] Method according to claim 1, characterized bythat, by means of a data transfer secured by means of an identifier (user addresses, device addresses) to a central server which manages the files to be played back, the file entries stored in the non-volatile memory for limiting the playback are deleted file-related and included in a new file (as a data carrier, data source) which, apart from these file entries, otherwise corresponds to the content of the file in question, whereby when the file is later loaded into the playback device, these file entries are used instead of those deleted in the non-volatile memory (for this file) for the volume limitation of the file in the specified manner and that the playback of the old file, the file entries of which (in the non-volatile memory of the device) have been deleted file-related, by distinguishing a file-related address (= code to distinguish the old file from the new file, which e.g.as a device address can still refer to the device, etc.) is prevented. [4] Method according to claim 2 and claim 3, characterized by that before carrying out the method steps mentioned in claim 2, the parameters of the reproduced file are checked to see whether the file contains file entries which have been included in the reproduced file (via the data carrier or via the data source) from the old file entries of the non-volatile memory according to the method according to claim 3, and if this is the case, these parameters of the file in question are written into the non-volatile memory in order to carry out the method. [5] Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized bythat for the codings contained in the reproduced file, via which the encoded locations can be selected for playback during access, in addition to their start address, which designates the beginning of a section to be played back, a length indication is provided which corresponds to the permissible length over which the section in question may be played back. [6] Method according to claim 5, characterized by that the length information associated with a start address of a section is written into the non-volatile memory (associated with the start address of the section) in accordance with the information according to step b), claim 2, and that the reproduction of a section in question is terminated when its length (related to the start address) reaches the length associated with the associated start address in the non-volatile memory. [7] Method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized bythat when a section in question is played back, the current length of the section, which is related to the start address and is constantly determined during playback and checked for the permissible maximum value, is written into the non-volatile memory (associated with the start address of the section) when the section is ended (or also when it is ended prematurely), this length being used to evaluate the volume according to step d), claim 2 (when the section is next called up or when the playback of this section is repeated later). [8] Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized bythat the playback device has a device address for the purpose of a coincidence check with the file to be played back, whereby a coding (address) contained in the file or data source must be encoded to match this device address in order to enable the device to play back the file or data source or to carry out operations that further influence this playback, and that the device has a mode secured by a digital key (e.g. a password) which removes the aforementioned volume limitation of the file being played back if the coding carried out in the file or data source (as device address coding) matches the device address. [9] Method according to claim 8, characterized bythat, using this key and further using the device address, the file entries relating to the volume limitation in the non-volatile memory of the playback device for this file (which is to be played back with unlimited volume) are deleted and, if it is determined that the file is identified as a file to be played back with unlimited volume, the method according to claims 1 to 7 is not carried out, wherein, if appropriate, several (different) device addresses can be stored in the non-volatile memory of the device if a corresponding file is downloaded from a server using the key. [10] Method according to one of claims 8 or 9, or one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the said device address is used to delete the file entries in the non-volatile memory of the playback device belonging to a particular file, which each relate to the sections of the file that have already been played back, whereby the following procedural steps are carried out: a) the playback device is connected via an appropriate network (directly or via a client computer) to a server for the purpose of data exchange (e.g. via the Internet), b) the server reads the device address and requests a password if necessary (option), c) the server performs the following manipulations and changes on the playback device (in principle in any order): c1) the stored file entries and markers in the non-volatile memory of the playback device are read out to determine the reproduced sections of files (regarding their volume limitation for playback) and then the content of the non-volatile memory, which contains all files that may not be reproduced in their entirety (i.e. only with a volume limitation), is deleted, whereby addresses, file entries and markers relating to those files that are not affected by the volume limitation (e.g. device address) are excluded from this deletion, and if necessary, the user can also make a selection for the files whose file entries affect the volume limitation for their playback (option via list), c2) the device address of the playback device is changed for all files that may not be played back in full (i.e. only with a volume limit), whereby for the files that are not affected by the volume limit (due to the use of the key mentioned in claim 8), access via the old (original) device address is retained, or a separate device address stored in the file is used for checking to identify that the file belongs to the device and may be played back without a volume limit, c3) and all files are re-transferred (at the request and selection of the user) via a corresponding data transfer (e.g. the user's client computer) to a storage device (e.g. the user's client computer) of the user, provided that they concern the file entries deleted in the non-volatile memory of the playback device (under c1), whereby in these files - the new device address of the playback device, modified (or reconfigured) by the server, is taken into account, - all stored file entries and markers for determining the sections of files played and a volume limit for playback, insofar as they relate to the respective file, are also included in the file (in order to take into account the current playback status of the user related to the device address), - wherein, in the event that a new file is loaded into the playback device, a check is carried out to determine whether the file contains (the parameters created under c1) which relate to the volume limitation during its playback and, in this case, is stored once but permanently as the permanent content of the non-volatile memory which contains the said file entries for checking the volume limitation, loaded, or further supplemented during playback of the file and, in the event of repeated playback of this file, is not reloaded but only more than the existing file entries in the non-volatile memory are expanded accordingly for the renewed playback, if necessary, according to the method according to claim 1 or 2 (until the method step c1 of this claim is carried out again). [11] Method according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized bythat the file used by the playback device is loaded from a server using a network (e.g. Internet) with the device address contained therein, whereby the playback device is connected to the client computer in question which is used to download the file from the network, and the device address is transmitted to the server, which inserts it into the file transferred to the client computer via the network (possibly encrypted, or in an encrypted location). [12] Method according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized bythat when configuring the device address of the playback device and / or downloading a file that allows unrestricted access using a key related to a device address, the corresponding process (configuration of the device address and / or downloading of the file in question) is linked to this telephone connection (or mobile phone connection) by means of a code signal transmission or code signal transmission between a telephone connection (or mobile phone, etc.) called by the server and a client computer connected to the server, to which the playback device is also connected for the purpose of configuring or checking the device address, whereby instead of using a client computer, the playback device itself can have a corresponding network interface, such as an Internet connection, if necessary. [13] Method according to claim 12, characterized bythat during the download of a corresponding file, a set of code words is loaded from the server into the playback device (e.g. also via the file loaded later from the client computer into the device, ditto via data media created from it such as CD, DVD) and that in a later test step (which, for example, is carried out at appropriate intervals, e.g.weekly for a temporal extension in order to release the playback device for unrestricted playback) the code set stored in the playback device and addressed in accordance with the server is used for a comparison to release the device, whereby the data transmission in question is carried out via a corresponding telephone line of the user, which is called for this purpose by the server in order to transmit the addresses for addressing the comparison code from the set of code words stored in the playback device and the respective comparison code word via a connection from the telephone to the device. [14] Method according to claim 13, characterized bythat the code words stored in the playback device are shown on a display of the playback device and are transmitted by the user to the server via a telephone line called by the server, whereby the server assesses by voice analysis whether the voice belongs to the user and further assesses by speech signal text recognition whether the received code words are correct in each case in order to receive or cause the activation of the playback rate by the server via a subsequent (e.g. acoustic) coupling of the telephone connection (with encrypted data transmission). [15] Method according to one of claims 1 to 14, for encoding and decoding a control character in a digitally coded audio signal or digitally coded analogue signal, characterized bythat for the coding / decoding of the control character in question, the amplitude range which lies in the range of the maximum value and / or directly the maximum value (or, if applicable, the maximum values ​​if positive and negative are used) is used, whereby the value of the analogue signal used at this point for coding / decoding a control character is not used by transmitting the digital signal but by interpolating the amplitude values ​​adjacent to the value replaced by a control character. [16] Method according to claim 15, characterized bythat a control character decoded in the manner mentioned from the digitally represented analogue signal is used as a start character (identifier) ​​of a series of free control signal values, such as parameters, addresses which do not belong to the analogue signal, and that between these values ​​used as control signal values ​​of the digital signal, time values ​​corresponding to the analogue signal are placed, which are additionally used for interpolation in order to obtain the analogue values ​​which are replaced by a control signal. [17] Method according to claim 16, characterized bythat a character assigned to the start character (e.g. subsequently coded parameter) has a number which indicates the number of characters to be subsequently coded and nested in the analog values ​​of the signal in the manner mentioned, such as parameters, addresses which do not belong to the analog signal, whereby the switching of the mode in which the decoding of these characters is carried out or not carried out is controlled by the displayed length of the decoding process. [18] Method according to one of claims 16 or 17, with a (conventional) linear time grid for the transfer of the digitally coded analogue signals to the playback device, characterized bythat a FIFO memory (First in First out) or a similarly organized RAM memory is used to bridge the gaps related to the linear time grid caused by the coding of control characters and characters nested in the analog values ​​of the signal, such as parameters, addresses that do not belong to the analog signal ( Fig. 2 and Fig.3) through which the digitally coded analogue signal passes, whereby the time shift or delay between reading in (or reading clock or time EST) and reading out (or reading clock or time ASL) of the digitally coded values ​​(an*) is dimensioned such that over the duration of the clock cycle (or possibly also the clock cycles) within which no direct values ​​from the digitally coded analogue signals are used to reconstruct the signal (during playback), but are replaced by interpolation values, are bridged by the output of the values ​​from the FIFO memory in order to correspond to the linear time grid. [19] Method according to claim 18, characterized bythat the time shift or delay between reading (or reading clock or time EST) and reading (or reading clock or time ASL) of the digitally coded values ​​(an*) at the FIFO memory corresponds to a value corresponding to the unit (=1) of the linear output time grid, whereby the time period at the relevant point of the time grid where no direct analog value but a control character or a parameter, or an address, is placed and over which the interpolation of an analog value from an analog value leading this point (taken directly from the signal) and an analog value lagging this point (taken directly from the signal) is carried out, is bridged by the fact that the reading clock (or time EST), which otherwise leads the readout clock (AST) by one time grid position, performs a phase jump,so that the value belonging to a respective time grid position and read in with the read-in clock EST is read out again with the read-out clock AST belonging to the same time grid position, wherein the read-out clock AST of the FIFO is linear over the entire time grid (i.e. does not perform a phase jump), thus the (temporal) gaps in the value series corresponding to the analog signal related to the linear time grid of the read-out clock AST in claim 16 are each compensated by the said phase jump of the read-in clock EST. [20] Method according to claim 19, wherein starting with the decoding of the start character (START) over a certain number with interleaved analog values ​​(cf. an11 ... an25 in Fig. 2) the characters nested in the analog values ​​of the signal, such as parameters, addresses (which are not part of the analog signal), are coded alternately with the analog values, characterized bythat the said phase jump of the read-in clock pulse (EST) is initialized by a toggle flip-flop (alternatingly switching flip-flop), the clock sequence of which is switched on with the decoded start character (START) and is switched off again after the last character of the coded sequence of characters nested in the analog values ​​of the signal (such as parameters, addresses that do not belong to the analog signal) has been counted (so that no phase jump is initialized for the subsequent values ​​at the read-in clock pulse EST). [21] Method according to one of claims 12 to 14, which is carried out by a device with a car radio as an MP3 player or an alternative compression method for an audio signal, characterized bythat the car radio has a radio telephone function (mobile phone) for an Internet data connection or an alternative data connection, which is connected to a server which loads the file (in particular a file for a method according to one of claims 1 to 20) into the memory of the car radio, wherein the server communicates with the user via an Internet connection (via a client computer) in order to control the activation. [22] Method according to claim 21, characterized bythat the car radio has, directly or via a peripheral additional device (e.g. in a module for the radio telephone function), a non-volatile memory for a compressed audio file (or files, if applicable) (e.g. MP3) with the associated playback converter, wherein the audio signal file contains jump marks which can be selected by entering (or selecting) a jump address in order to start playback of the audio signal at the relevant point, and that this input (to select a relevant jump address) is transmitted via the radio telephone function (e.g. by an SMS) which is sent from a server which manages the files, of which a relevant file is loaded into the non-volatile memory as a compressed audio file (e.g. MP3) for playback via the car radio. [23] Car radio which carries out a method with device according to claim 21 or 22, characterized bythat the button of the car radio which is used as a step button for stepping through the wavebands can access a further function which relates to the reproduction of the compressed audio signal, wherein, if necessary, several further steps (A, B, C) with corresponding (electronic) locking positions (MP3A, MP3B, MP3C) are provided, which each relate to the jump addresses mentioned in claim 22. [24] Car radio according to claim 23, characterized by that the configuration option for the jump addresses also includes the configuration option for the device address in accordance with the previous claims, whereby this configuration enables the activation of a file initially intended to be played back only in a limited volume to be played back in an unlimited volume. [25] Car radio according to one of claims 23 to 24, characterized bythat (e.g. for less broadband radio networks) the file is first loaded from the client computer (of the user) into the module via a small portable module (e.g. with a USB interface) and is then loaded from this module into the car radio. [26] Car radio according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized by that the radio telephone is installed in a self-contained housing separate from the radio and is connected to a GPS system, which transmits the position to a central server if a theft is detected. [27] Method according to one of the preceding method claims for downloading a file from a server to a client computer or directly to a respective playback device using a network access (such as the Internet), characterized bythat in the playback device in which the file is to be played back, or which must be networked when the file is played back (e.g. by the computer) in order to enable playback, one or more device addresses are provided which must be encoded in the played data carrier file (or in the data source) as a corresponding test address in order to enable its playback, and that this device address(es) is (are) read by the server and / or configured accordingly, whereby the downloaded file is encoded with the corresponding test address by the server. [28] Method according to claim 27, characterized bythat, regardless of the device address used in each case, in addition to the test address present in the file for the recognition of the device address encoded (or configured) in the device, a specific file address identifying the file (which exclusively encodes or corresponds to the usual name of the file) is provided, and is not stored in a volatile manner in the device (or part of the device) required to play back the file and is stored permanently (i.e. even when the device is switched off) from the first play-back onwards and cannot be deleted by the user and that when the file is loaded, the encoding of the file name is used to select the corresponding device address from several. [29] Method according to claim 27 or 28, characterized by that the following procedure is implemented: When downloading the file from the server: a) the file name used to identify a particular file (regardless of the device or user) or its identifier written into a non-volatile memory of the device; b) the device address assigned when downloading the file is saved under the addressing (link) of the file name. c) When playing a file, a coincidence check of the file name and device address is performed, for example: c1) Is the file name in question even saved? If so, proceed to the next check; if not, refuse playback and abort. c2) Does the device address stored under the address (reference) of this file name match the verification address stored in the file (immediately or after decryption)? If yes, playback is performed. If no, playback is denied and the file is aborted. [30] Method according to claim 1 or 2 or according to any other of the preceding method claims, characterized by that when the playback device is loaded with a file that can be played back without restrictions (or a file marked as such), the device address contained in the file must match the address stored in the playback device in order for playback to take place, any file entries relating to this file (or this file name) in the non-volatile data memory mentioned are deleted upon playback. [31] Method according to claim 1 or 2 or according to any other of the preceding method claims, characterized bythat the addresses (ADD) for identifying the sections and, if applicable, length information for the sections (such as limitations, volume fractions) also contain an indication (as a code) as to whether, when a maximum length is reached (up to which a section in question may be played back), the playback of the file should be stopped or continued with the subsequent section encoding. [32] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, in particular according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized bythat the file name encoded in the reproduced file as a code (e.g. also abbreviated) contains a code belonging to several file names, hereinafter referred to as LABEL, as a group address (e.g. to designate a company that produces or distributes the file), or is associated with this, and is noted in the said non-volatile memory in which the file entries are written, whereby this LABEL is also included in the comparison to determine a reproduction authorization of a file, and that in the event of detection of misuse of the newly assigned device addresses of a device are used by different users (e.g.by determining the connection to different telephone numbers to a device address relating to the manipulation according to claim 12 or 13 when downloading new files and / or by making use of the measure according to claim 33), a blocking note for the LABEL is written into the non-volatile memory of the device, which prevents the playback of files which are associated with this LABEL as a common higher-level group address. [33] Method according to claim 32, wherein instead of different LABELS only one (non-coded) LABEL to which all files to be played back belong can be defined (option) and the playback device has an exemplary coded serial number which is checked or stored together with the device address when downloading a file from the server, characterized bythat the server manages the read serial number chronologically and, if it finds that two or more identical device addresses exist for different serial numbers, blocks the device or devices in question (if necessary, taking into account the chronological order of their access to the server) by writing a blocking note into the non-volatile memory of the device. [34] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized bythat the playback device is only used as copy protection for a computer, in such a way that it is connected via a data interface (e.g. USB) to a computer (PC) which plays back the file, the file being stored encrypted on the computer's mass storage device (hard disk) and that software is running on the PC which, on the one hand, decrypts the file and, on the other hand, can access the non-volatile memory of the playback device in order to limit the playback of the file as if it were running in the playback device. [35] Method according to claim 34, characterized by that the decryption of the file takes place in a format that can be processed by standard audio software, whereby this file is presented to such software in relation to the computer's operating system as if it were being read from a mass storage device of the computer (hard disk). [36] Method according to one of the preceding method claims with an arrangement for reproducing media data (e.g. acoustic, visual or text, or graphics) with a control function controlled by the reproduced file for accessing the reproduction via a reproduction device with A) coding of reference addresses to sections of the file and their length information contained in the reproduced file, via which the locations coded as reference addresses can be selected as start addresses when accessing the playback, B) an access control for the playback device (e.g. CD player, MP3 player, computer, or for electronically rechargeable newspaper or book, music score display) corresponding to the coding of the file, C) a blocking function which allows the reproduction of the file by the above-mentioned encodings only in extracts or parts of the file influenced by the encodings; characterized bythat a non-volatile data memory is provided in the playback device which, for each section of the file played back, stores a file entry belonging to the played back section, which refers to the coding of reference addresses to sections of the file and their length information mentioned in paragraph A) in the played back file, from the first playback onwards and can no longer be deleted by the user, permanently (i.e. even when the device is switched off), and that by summing up the lengths of the sections of the file as they correspond to the file entries stored in the non-volatile data memory as reference addresses and their length information, the playback of the file beyond a total length limited by a predetermined limit value corresponding to the sum of the lengths of the sections is prevented. [37] Method according to claim 36, characterized bythat the writing process of the codings into this memory as well as the control of the playback of the media data is controlled in the following way by the following process steps: e) when activating the playback of a section (of the file) marked by the codes contained in the file or data source, a check is carried out to determine whether an identifier corresponding to the section (from the file) being played back has already been written into the non-volatile data memory (YES? or NO?), f) if an identifier corresponding to the section currently being played (or to be played) is not detected in the non-volatile data memory (NO), it shall be written into the non-volatile data memory as the identifier assigned to the played section, unless the non-volatile data memory is already locked due to the detection that the permissible volume has already been reached, g) if an identifier corresponding to the currently played back (or to be played back) section is detected in the non-volatile data memory (YES), then the section is played back accordingly, or if this identifier is not stored in the non-volatile data memory and is not stored according to the information in step b) (due to a detected volume limitation or further optional length limitation of a section), the section is not played back, h) the check for limiting the volume of the media data played back is carried out by summing the volumes of the sections as they correspond to the identifiers of these sections stored in the non-volatile data memory, whereby if it is determined that the volume limited by a specification (a parameter) has been reached or exceeded, the feasibility according to step b) is blocked and no new sections are played back unless they correspond to the identifiers stored in the non-volatile data memory. [38] Method according to claim 36, characterized bythat, by means of a data transfer secured by means of an identifier (user address, device address) to a central server which manages the files to be played, the file entries stored in the non-volatile memory for limiting the playback are deleted file-related and included in a new file (as a data carrier, data source), which, apart from these file entries, otherwise corresponds to the content of the file in question, whereby when the file is later loaded into the playback device, these file entries are used instead of those deleted in the non-volatile memory (for this file) for the volume limitation of the file in the specified manner and that the playback of the old file, the file entries of which (in the non-volatile memory of the device) have been deleted file-related, by distinguishing a file-related address (= code to distinguish the old file from the new file, which e.g.as a device address can still refer to the device) is prevented. [39] Method according to claim 37 and claim 38, characterized by that before carrying out the method steps mentioned in claim 2, the parameters of the reproduced file are checked to see whether the file contains file entries which have been included in the reproduced file (via the data carrier or via the data source) from the old file entries of the non-volatile memory according to the method according to claim 3, and if this is the case, these parameters of the file in question are written into the non-volatile memory in order to carry out the method. [40] Method according to one of claims 36 to 39, characterized bythat for the codings contained in the reproduced file, via which the encoded locations can be selected for playback during access, in addition to their start address, which designates the beginning of a section to be played back, a length indication is provided which corresponds to the permissible length over which the section in question may be played back. [41] Method according to claim 40, characterized by that the length information associated with a start address of a section is written into the non-volatile memory (associated with the start address of the section) in accordance with the information according to step b), claim 2, and that the reproduction of a section in question is terminated when its length (related to the start address) reaches the length associated with the associated start address in the non-volatile memory. [42] Method according to claim 40 or 41, characterized bythat when a section in question is played back, the current length of the section, which is related to the start address and is constantly determined during playback and checked for the permissible maximum value, is written into the non-volatile memory (associated with the start address of the section) when the section is ended (or also when the section is ended prematurely), this length being used to evaluate the volume according to step d), claim 2 (during the next call or a later repetition of the playback of this section). [43] Method according to one of claims 36 to 42, characterized bythat the playback device has a device address for the purpose of a coincidence check with the file to be played back, whereby a coding (address) contained in the file must be encoded in accordance with this device address in order to enable the device to play back the file or to carry out operations which further influence this playback, and that the device has a mode which is secured by a digital key (e.g. a password) and which removes the said volume limitation of the file being played back if the coding carried out in the file (as device address coding) matches the device address. [44] Method according to claim 43, characterized bythat, using this key and further using the device address, the file entries relating to the volume limitation in the non-volatile memory of the playback device for this file (which is to be played back with unlimited volume) are deleted and, if it is determined that the file is identified as a file to be played back with unlimited volume, the method according to claims 1 to 7 is not carried out, wherein, if appropriate, several (different) device addresses can be stored in the non-volatile memory of the device if a corresponding file is downloaded from a server using the key. [45] Method according to one of claims 43 or 44, or one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the said device address is used to delete the file entries in the non-volatile memory of the playback device belonging to a particular file, which each relate to the sections of the file that have already been played back, whereby the following procedural steps are carried out: d) the playback device is connected via an appropriate network (directly or via a client computer) to a server for the purpose of data exchange (e.g. via the Internet), e) the server reads the device address and requests a password if necessary (option), f) the server carries out the following manipulations and changes to the playback device (in principle in any order): c1) the stored file entries and markers in the non-volatile memory of the playback device are read out to determine the reproduced sections of files (regarding their volume limitation for playback) and then the content of the non-volatile memory, which contains all files that may not be reproduced in their entirety (i.e. only with a volume limitation), is deleted, whereby addresses, file entries and markers relating to those files that are not affected by the volume limitation (e.g. device address) are excluded from this deletion, and if necessary, the user can also make a selection for the files whose file entries affect the volume limitation for their playback (option via list), c2) the device address of the playback device is changed for all files that may not be played back in full (ie only with a volume limit), whereby for the files that are not affected by the volume limit (due to the use of the key mentioned in claim 8), access via the old (original) device address is retained, or a separate device address stored in the file is used for checking to identify that the file belongs to the device and may be played back without a volume limit, c3) and all files are re-transferred (at the request and selection of the user) via a corresponding data transfer (e.g. the user's client computer) to a storage device (e.g. the user's client computer) of the user, provided that they concern the file entries deleted in the non-volatile memory of the playback device (under c1), whereby in these files - the new device address of the playback device, modified (or reconfigured) by the server, is taken into account, - all stored file entries and markers for determining the sections of files played and a volume limit for playback, insofar as they relate to the respective file, are also included in the file (in order to take into account the current playback status of the user related to the device address), - wherein, in the event that a new file is loaded into the playback device, a check is carried out to determine whether the file contains (the parameters created under c1) which relate to the volume limitation during its playback and, in this case, is stored once but permanently as the permanent content of the non-volatile memory which contains the said file entries for checking the volume limitation, loaded, or further supplemented during playback of the file and, in the event of repeated playback of this file, is not reloaded but only more than the existing file entries in the non-volatile memory are expanded accordingly for the renewed playback, if necessary, according to the method according to claim 1 or 2 (until the method step c1 of this claim is carried out again). [46] Method according to one of claims 43 to 45, characterized bythat the file used by the playback device is loaded from a server using a network (e.g. Internet) with the device address contained therein, whereby the playback device is connected to the client computer in question which is used to download the file from the network, and the device address is transmitted to the server, which inserts it into the file transferred to the client computer via the network (possibly encrypted, or in an encrypted location). [47] Method according to one of claims 43 to 46, characterized bythat when configuring the device address of the playback device and / or downloading a file allowing unrestricted access using a key relating to a device address, the corresponding process (configuration of the device address and / or downloading of the file in question) is linked to this telephone connection (or mobile phone connection) by means of a code signal transmission or code signal transmission between a telephone connection (or mobile phone) called by the server and a client computer connected to the server, to which the playback device is also connected for the purpose of configuring or checking the device address, whereby instead of using a client computer, the playback device itself can have a corresponding network interface, such as an Internet connection, if necessary. [48] ​​Method according to claim 47, characterized bythat during the download of a corresponding file, a set of code words is loaded from the server into the playback device (e.g. also via the file loaded later from the client computer into the device, ditto via data media created from it such as CD, DVD) and that in a later test step (which, for example, is carried out at appropriate intervals, e.g.weekly for a temporal extension in order to release the playback device for unrestricted playback) the code set stored in the playback device and addressed in accordance with the server is used for a comparison to release the device, whereby the data transmission in question is carried out via a corresponding telephone line of the user, which is called for this purpose by the server in order to transmit the addresses for addressing the comparison code from the set of code words stored in the playback device and the respective comparison code word via a connection from the telephone to the device. [49] Method according to claim 48, characterized bythat the code words stored in the playback device are shown on a display of the playback device and are transmitted to the server by the user via a telephone line called by the server, whereby the server assesses by voice analysis whether the voice belongs to the user and further assesses by speech signal text recognition whether the received code words are correct in each case in order to receive or cause the activation of the playback device by the server via a subsequent (e.g. acoustic) coupling of the telephone connection (with encrypted data transmission). [50] Method according to one of claims 36 to 49, for encoding and decoding a control character in a digitally coded audio signal or digitally coded analogue signal, characterized bythat for the coding / decoding of the control character in question, the amplitude range which lies in the range of the maximum value and / or directly the maximum value (or, if applicable, the maximum values ​​if positive and negative are used) is used, whereby the value of the analogue signal used at this point for coding / decoding a control character is not used by transmitting the digital signal but by interpolating the amplitude values ​​adjacent to the value replaced by a control character. [51] Method according to claim 40, characterized bythat a control character decoded in the manner mentioned from the digitally represented analogue signal is used as a start character (identifier) ​​of a series of free control signal values, such as parameters, addresses which do not belong to the analogue signal, and that between these values ​​used as control signal values ​​of the digital signal, time values ​​corresponding to the analogue signal are placed, which are additionally used for interpolation in order to obtain the analogue values ​​which are replaced by a control signal. [52] Method according to claim 51, characterized bythat a character assigned to the start character (e.g. subsequently coded parameter) has a number which indicates the number of characters to be subsequently coded and nested in the analog values ​​of the signal in the manner mentioned, such as parameters, addresses which do not belong to the analog signal, whereby the switching of the mode in which the decoding of these characters is carried out or not carried out is controlled by the displayed length of the decoding process. [53] Method according to one of claims 51 or 52, with a (conventional) linear time grid for the transfer of the digitally coded analogue signals to the playback device, characterized bythat a FIFO memory (First in First out) or a similarly organized RAM memory is used to bridge the gaps related to the linear time grid caused by the coding of control characters and characters nested in the analog values ​​of the signal, such as parameters, addresses that do not belong to the analog signal ( Fig. 2 and Fig.3) through which the digitally coded analogue signal passes, whereby the time shift or delay between reading in (or reading clock or time EST) and reading out (or reading clock or time ASL) of the digitally coded values ​​(an*) is dimensioned such that over the duration of the clock cycle (or possibly also the clock cycles) within which no direct values ​​from the digitally coded analogue signals are used to reconstruct the signal (during playback), but are replaced by interpolation values, are bridged by the output of the values ​​from the FIFO memory in order to correspond to the linear time grid. [54] Method according to claim 53, characterized bythat the time shift or delay between reading (or reading clock or time EST) and reading (or reading clock or time ASL) of the digitally coded values ​​(an*) at the FIFO memory corresponds to a value corresponding to the unit (=1) of the linear output time grid, whereby the time period at the relevant point of the time grid where no direct analog value but a control character or a parameter, or an address, is placed and over which the interpolation of an analog value from an analog value leading this point (taken directly from the signal) and an analog value lagging this point (taken directly from the signal) is carried out, is bridged by the fact that the reading clock (or time EST), which otherwise leads the readout clock (AST) by one time grid position, performs a phase jump,so that the value belonging to a respective time grid position and read in with the read-in clock EST is read out again with the read-out clock AST belonging to the same time grid position, wherein the read-out clock AST of the FIFO is linear over the entire time grid (i.e. does not perform a phase jump), thus the (temporal) gaps in the value series corresponding to the analog signal related to the linear time grid of the read-out clock AST in claim 16 are each compensated by the said phase jump of the read-in clock EST. [55] Method according to claim 54, wherein starting with the decoding of the start character (START) over a certain number with interleaved analog values ​​(cf. an11 ... an25 in Fig. 2) the characters nested in the analog values ​​of the signal, such as parameters, addresses (which are not part of the analog signal), are coded alternately with the analog values, characterized bythat the said phase jump of the read-in clock pulse (EST) is initialized by a toggle flip-flop (alternatingly switching flip-flop), the clock sequence of which is switched on with the decoded start character (START) and is switched off again after the last character of the coded sequence of characters nested in the analog values ​​of the signal (such as parameters, addresses that do not belong to the analog signal) has been counted (so that no phase jump is initialized for the subsequent values ​​at the read-in clock pulse EST). [56] A method according to any one of claims 47 to 49, which is carried out by a device, with a car radio as an MP3 player or an alternative compression method for an audio signal, characterized bythat the car radio has a radio telephone function (mobile phone) for an Internet data connection or an alternative data connection, which is connected to a server which loads the file (in particular a file for a method according to one of claims 1 to 20) into the memory of the car radio, wherein the server communicates with the user via an Internet connection (via a client computer) in order to control the activation. [57] Method with device according to claim 56, characterized bythat the car radio has, directly or via a peripheral additional device (e.g. in a module for the radio telephone function), a non-volatile memory for a compressed audio file (or files, if applicable) (e.g. MP3) with the associated playback converter, wherein the audio signal file contains jump marks which can be selected by entering (or selecting) a jump address in order to start playback of the audio signal at the relevant point, and that this input (to select a relevant jump address) is transmitted via the radio telephone function (e.g. by an SMS) which is sent from a server which manages the files, of which a relevant file is loaded into the non-volatile memory as a compressed audio file (e.g. MP3) for playback via the car radio. [58] Car radio carrying out a method with device according to claim 56 or 57, characterized bythat the button of the car radio which is used as a step button for stepping through the wavebands can access a further function which relates to the reproduction of the compressed audio signal, wherein, if necessary, several further steps (A, B, C) with corresponding (electronic) locking positions (MP3A, MP3B, MP3C) are provided, which each relate to the jump addresses mentioned in claim 22. [59] Car radio according to claim 58, characterized by that the configuration option for the jump addresses also includes the configuration option for the device address in accordance with the previous claims, whereby this configuration enables the activation of a file initially intended to be played back only in a limited volume to be played back in an unlimited volume. [60] Car radio according to one of claims 58 to 59, characterized bythat (e.g. for less broadband radio networks) the file is first loaded from the client computer (of the user) into the module via a small portable module (e.g. with a USB interface) and is then loaded from this module into the car radio. [61] Car radio according to one of claims 58 to 60, characterized by that the radio telephone is installed in a self-contained housing separate from the radio and is connected to a GPS system, which transmits the position to a central server if a theft is detected. [62] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, for downloading a file from a server to a client computer or directly to a respective playback device using a network access (such as the Internet), characterized bythat in the playback device in which the file is to be played back, or which must be networked when the file is played back (e.g. by the computer) in order to enable playback, one or more device addresses are provided which must be coded in the played data carrier file (or in the data source) as a corresponding check address in order to enable its playback, and that this device address(es) is (are) read by the server and / or configured accordingly, whereby the downloaded file is coded with the corresponding check address by the server. [63] Method according to claim 62, characterized bythat, regardless of the device address used in each case, in addition to the test address present for the recognition of the device address encoded (or configured) in the device in the file, a specific file address identifying the file (which exclusively encodes or corresponds to the usual name of the file) is provided, and is not stored in a volatile manner in the device (or part of the device) required to play back the file and is stored permanently (i.e. even when the device is switched off) from the first play-back onwards and cannot be deleted by the user and that when the file is loaded, the encoding of the file name is used to select the corresponding device address from several. [64] Method according to claim 62 or 63, characterized by that the following procedure is implemented: When downloading the file from the server: c) the file name used to identify a particular file (regardless of the device or user) or its identifier written into a non-volatile memory of the device; d) the device address assigned when downloading the file is saved under the addressing (link) of the file name. c) When playing a file, a coincidence check of the file name and device address is performed, for example: c1) Is the file name in question even saved? If so, proceed to the next check; if not, refuse playback and abort. c2) Does the device address stored under the address (reference) of this file name match the verification address stored in the file (immediately or after decryption)? If yes, playback is performed. If no, playback is denied and the file is aborted. [65] Method according to claim 36 or 37 or according to any other of the preceding method claims, characterized by that when the playback device is loaded with a file that can be played back without restrictions (or a file marked as such), the device address contained in the file must match the address stored in the playback device in order for playback to take place, any file entries relating to this file (or this file name) in the non-volatile data memory mentioned are deleted upon playback. [66] Method according to claim 36 or 37 or according to any other of the preceding method claims, characterized bythat the addresses (ADD) for identifying the sections and, if applicable, length information for the sections (such as limits, volume fractions) also contain an indication (as a code) as to whether, when a maximum length is reached (up to which a section in question may be played back), the playback of the file should be stopped or continued with the subsequent section encoding. [67] Method according to another of the preceding method claims, in particular according to one of claims 47 or 48, characterized bythat the file name encoded in the reproduced file as a code (e.g. also abbreviated) contains a code belonging to several file names, hereinafter referred to as LABEL, as a group address (e.g. to designate a company that produces or distributes the file), or is associated with this, and is noted in the said non-volatile memory in which the file entries are written, whereby this LABEL is also included in the comparison to determine a reproduction authorization of a file, and that in the event of detection of misuse of the newly assigned device addresses of a device are used by different users (e.g.by determining the connection to different telephone numbers to a device address relating to the manipulation according to claim 12 or 13 when downloading new files and / or by making use of the measure according to claim 33), a blocking note for the LABEL is written into the non-volatile memory of the device, which prevents the playback of files which are associated with this LABEL as a common higher-level group address. [68] Method according to claim 67, wherein instead of different LABELS only one (non-coded) LABEL to which all files to be played back belong can be defined (option) and the playback device has an exemplary coded serial number which is checked or stored together with the device address when downloading a file from the server, characterized bythat the server manages the read serial number chronologically and, if it finds that two or more identical device addresses exist for different serial numbers, blocks the device or devices in question (if necessary, taking into account the chronological order of their access to the server) by writing a blocking note into the non-volatile memory of the device. [69] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized bythat the playback device is only used as copy protection for a computer, in such a way that it is connected via a data interface (e.g. USB) to a computer (PC) which plays back the file, the file being stored encrypted on the computer's mass storage device (hard disk) and that software is running on the PC which, on the one hand, decrypts the file and, on the other hand, can access the non-volatile memory of the playback device in order to limit the playback of the file as if it were running in the playback device. [70] Method according to claim 69, characterized by that the decryption of the file takes place in a format that can be processed by standard audio software, whereby this file is presented to such software in relation to the computer's operating system as if it were being read from a mass storage device of the computer (hard disk). [71] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized by that the playback device has a mode with a fixed sequence program, which generates a jump address or branch ADDbranch to a corresponding further section for each detected end of a reproduced section and that for a jumped address in the sequence program the length is coded as the respective end of a section by a parameter [length] contained in the code of the sequence program, corresponding to the length with which the section is to be reproduced. [72] Method according to claim 71, characterized bythat a function (controllable via corresponding keys) is provided on the playback device with which the playback of the sections can be extended outside the fixed sequence program (and is registered in a non-volatile memory as the used playback volume in accordance with the method according to claim 1 with subsequent claims). [73] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized by that the playback device checks whether, within a certain length from the beginning of the loaded file, a format relating to a device address coding is present or whether the file is only encoded according to a common standard, and if this is determined, playback takes place according to a common standard. [74] Method according to one of the preceding method claims with two or more files, one of which is reproduced according to a time grid (or according to a time axis) (e.g. acoustically or as a video signal, or as a flash file) and another of which is not reproduced according to a time grid, but contains graphic reference elements (text, musical notation) which have a meaningful reference to the file reproduced according to a time grid, these graphic reference elements being positioned in a corresponding format in serial order (as a computer file displayed on a screen or also in a printed work, such as a book), characterized bythat in addition to the said files, a reference file, hereinafter referred to as a synchronization file, is provided, which contains a reference table having as input value (key) a progressively generated code ZTime according to the time grid of the file reproduced according to a time axis for addressing, whereby under this code Ztime, a table value is stored, each associated with an instantaneous value or with a sequence of instantaneous values, which corresponds in each case to the position of the graphic reference element (text, musical notation) corresponding to a respective playback time Ztime within the further graphically reproduced file (corresponding to a different media genre), that the playback device generates the said progressive code ZTime (as a time value) over the duration of the playback of the code reproduced according to a time grid (or according to a time axis),that the playback device for the playback of the file played back according to a time grid (e.g. audio playback, video) has a signal function (e.g. a key signal or external trigger signal), in which the current time value Ztimelabel = Ztime at the respective time of occurrence of the signal is stored in a memory or a file, hereinafter referred to as the supplementary file, and that this supplementary file is subsequently used to address or search for the graphic reference elements corresponding to the stored time values ​​Ztimelabel, or their data, characters (such as text, musical notation) using the said synchronization file (table) according to their position in the said further file (which is not played back according to a time grid), whereby this further file can be a computer file or also relate to a printed work with the printed graphic characters. [75] Method according to claim 74, characterized bythat the said supplementary file is stored in the playback device, or remains there, and that when using the playback device and connected to a server (directly or via another client computer, e.g. via the Internet), on which the further file not played back according to a time grid (with graphic reference elements such as text, musical notation) is stored together with the said synchronization file (table), the user addresses or searches for the points marked during the (previous) playback of the file played back according to a time grid (e.g. audio playback, video) by a signal function (e.g. a key signal or external trigger signal) and receives the corresponding (automated) support for this from the server (e.g.) via the Internet. [76] Method according to claim 74 or 75, wherein the file not reproduced according to a time grid displays a text file as graphic reference elements, or is a text file and the file reproduced according to a time grid is (or contains) an audio file (wave file, MP3) whose audio signal (speech and / or singing) has a meaningful reference to the text of the text file, characterized by the following process steps for the automatic and / or semi-automatic creation of the synchronization file (table) mentioned in claim 38 or 39: a) Speech recognition software is provided which converts the wording of the spoken text reproduced during recording and / or playback of the audio signal (according to the said audio file) into corresponding text characters, b) Starting from the (correct) start position of the text file, the text file is read out word by word or, if applicable, word group (string) by word group or, if applicable, syllable by syllable in the order of the text sequence, whereby the read out word (or word group or string) is compared with the text currently generated by the speech recognition software (as a word or word group), if applicable, syllable by syllable: b1) If a positive comparison result (i.e. matching or true) is obtained in this comparison (results in the status: speech recognition evaluation mode), then the position address of the text part or word (possibly also syllable) from the text file corresponding to the comparison is saved as a value of the synchronization file (table) under the address (or key) of the time value Ztime of the audio signal on which this comparison is based in the speech recognition software, and the next word or group of words (possibly also syllable) corresponding to the text sequence is read out from the text file and used for the (respective) subsequent comparison with the text currently generated by the speech recognition software. b2) If a negative comparison result (i.e. not matching or incorrect) is obtained in this comparison (results in the status: mouse mode), then the position address of that text part or word from the text file is stored as a value of the synchronization file (table) under the address (or key) of the time value Ztime of the audio signal on which this comparison is based in the speech recognition software, which corresponds to the current position of the cursor that can be controlled by the user (e.g. with the mouse or keys), whereby this status is maintained until case b1 (of the above paragraph) occurs again. [77] Method according to claim 76, characterized bythat in the status mode mouse the respective current cursor position marks a capture area which uses a length (of the current string) extended by this capture area in the area of ​​the word group located at the current cursor position as a basis for comparison with the text currently played back as an audio signal from the audio file and converted by the speech recognition, within which the word recognised by the speech recognition is searched for, whereby when a word is recognised the system switches back to the status mode speech recognition evaluation. [78] Method according to claim 76 or 77, characterized by that for each automatic switch to the status mode mouse, in which the text selection is made by the user, the relevant text area to be selected by the user with the cursor function is highlighted in a different color. [79] Method according to one of claims 76 to 78, characterized bythat all value pairs of the synchronisation file for which the speech recognition software switches to the status mode mouse due to a lack of recognition of the text reproduced by the audio signal are saved for subsequent correction (during which the recorded audio signal is reproduced) and can be retrieved step by step during the correction. [80] Method according to claim 79, characterized by that during the correction the audio signal is played back at a slower speed than that corresponding to the recording and that this deviation from the recording speed is corrected during the creation of the synchronization file (table) in relation to the key values ​​or time values ​​Ztime used for addressing (which correspond to the individual words of the text) in accordance with the ratio of the speed deviation. [81] Method according to claim 74 or 75, wherein the file not reproduced according to a time grid displays a music file as graphic reference elements, or corresponds to a music file (also MIDI file) and the file reproduced according to a time grid corresponds to an audio file (Wave file, MP3) whose audio signal (music) has a corresponding reference to the musical notation of the music file according to the reproduced tones, characterized by the following process steps for the automatic and / or semi-automatic creation of the synchronization file (table) mentioned in claim 38 or 39: a) A frequency analysis is provided which converts the tones of the music reproduced during recording and / or playback of the said audio file into a corresponding notation or even just a partial notation (concerning the pitch only) which is sufficient to assign it to an already existing notation, b) Starting from the (correct) start position of the music file, the music file is read out step by step, note by note or, if applicable, note group (string) by note group, in the sequence of notes, whereby the read out note (or note group or string, etc.) is compared (step by step) with the music image currently generated by the music recognition software (as a note or note group) in order to create the assignment of the time value generated as a progressive code ZTime (as a time value) in the playback device to the corresponding positions in the music image as a synchronization file (table). [82] Method according to one of claims 74 to 81, characterized bythat the said synchronization file (table) is also addressable in reverse, or such a table is created in which the positions of the graphic reference elements (image elements such as text, musical notation) selected in the graphically displayed file (text, musical notation) which is not reproduced according to a time grid are used as an address (key) in order to read out the time values ​​Ztime corresponding to the file (audio, video, flash) reproduced according to a time grid and to address the relevant positions of the file (or signal) reproduced according to a time grid using the read-out values. [83] Method according to one of claims 74 to 82, characterized bythat the playback device generates the said progressive code ZTime (as a time value) using markers (or synchronizing signals) contained in the reproduced amplitude curve of the file played back according to a time grid, which synchronize the proportionality of the amplitude curve to the time (as is usual with audio playback, MP3 playback, video playback, the time clock, for example, refers to the amplitude curve of the signal, cf. output clock of a D / A converter or line synchronizing pulses of a video signal). [84] Method according to one of the preceding method claims with an arrangement for reproducing media data (e.g. acoustic, visual or text, or graphics) with a control function controlled by the reproduced file or by the data source (or a data carrier, etc.) for accessing the reproduction via a reproduction device. B) coding of reference addresses to sections of the file and their length information contained in the reproduced file, via which the locations in the file coded as reference addresses can be selected as start addresses when accessing the playback, D) an access control for the playback device (e.g. for a CD player, MP3 player, computer, or for an electronically rechargeable newspaper, music score display) corresponding to the coding of the file, E) a blocking function which allows the reproduction of the file by the above-mentioned encodings only in extracts or parts of the file influenced by the encodings; characterized bythat a non-volatile data memory is provided in the playback device which, for each section of the file played back, stores a file entry belonging to the section played back, which refers to the coding of reference addresses, sections of the file and their length information mentioned in paragraph A) in the file played back, from the first playback onwards and can no longer be deleted by the user permanently (i.e. even when the device is switched off), and that by summing up the lengths of the sections of the file as they correspond to the file entries stored in the non-volatile data memory as reference addresses and their length information, the playback of the file beyond a total length limited by a predetermined limit value corresponding to the sum of the lengths of the sections is prevented. [85] Method according to claim 84, characterized bythat the writing process of the codings into this memory as well as the control of the playback of the media data is controlled in the following way by the following process steps: i) when activating the playback of a section (of the file) marked by the codes contained in the file, a check is carried out to determine whether an identifier corresponding to the section (of the file) being played back has already been written into the non-volatile data memory (YES? or NO?), j) if an identifier corresponding to the section currently being played (or to be played) is not detected in the non-volatile data memory (NO), it shall be written into the non-volatile data memory as the identifier assigned to the played section, unless the non-volatile data memory is already locked due to the detection that the permissible volume has already been reached, k) if an identifier corresponding to the currently played back (or to be played back) section is detected in the non-volatile data memory (YES), then the section is played back accordingly, or if this identifier is not stored in the non-volatile data memory and is not stored according to the information in step b) (due to a detected volume limitation or further optional length limitation of a section), the section is not played back, I) the check for limiting the volume of the reproduced media data is carried out by summing the volumes of the sections as they correspond to the identifiers of these sections stored in the non-volatile data memory, whereby if it is determined that the volume limited by a specification (a parameter) has been reached or exceeded, the feasibility according to step b) is blocked and no new sections are reproduced unless they correspond to the identifiers stored in the non-volatile data memory. [86] Method according to claim 84, characterized bythat, by means of a data transfer secured by means of an identifier (user address, device address) to a central server which manages the files to be played, the file entries stored in the non-volatile memory for limiting the playback are deleted file-related and included in a new file (as a data carrier, data source) which, apart from these file entries, otherwise corresponds to the content of the file in question, whereby when the file is later loaded into the playback device, these file entries are used instead of those deleted in the non-volatile memory (for this file) for the volume limitation of the file in the specified manner and that the playback of the old file, the file entries of which (in the non-volatile memory of the device) have been deleted file-related, by distinguishing a file-related address (= code to distinguish the old file from the new file, which e.g.as a device address can still refer to the device) is prevented. [87] Method according to claim 85 and claim 86, characterized by that before carrying out the method steps mentioned in claim 2, the parameters of the reproduced file are checked to see whether the file contains file entries which have been included in the reproduced file (via the data carrier or via the data source) from the old file entries of the non-volatile memory according to the method according to claim 3, and if this is the case, these parameters of the file in question are written into the non-volatile memory in order to carry out the method. [88] Method according to one of claims 84 to 87, characterized bythat for the codings contained in the reproduced file, via which the encoded locations can be selected for playback during access, in addition to their start address, which designates the beginning of a section to be played back, a length indication is provided which corresponds to the permissible length over which the section in question may be played back. [89] Method according to claim 88, characterized by that the length information associated with a start address of a section is written into the non-volatile memory (associated with the start address of the section) in accordance with the information according to step b), claim 2, and that the reproduction of a section in question is terminated when its length (related to the start address) reaches the length associated with the associated start address in the non-volatile memory. [90] Method according to claim 88 or 89, characterized bythat when a section in question is played back, the current length of the section, which is related to the start address and is constantly determined during playback and checked for the permissible maximum value, is written into the non-volatile memory (associated with the start address of the section) when the section is ended (or also when the section is ended prematurely), this length being used to evaluate the volume according to step d), claim 2 (during the next call or a later repetition of the playback of this section). [91] Method according to one of claims 84 to 90, characterized bythat the playback device has a device address for the purpose of a coincidence check with the file to be played back, whereby a coding (address) contained in the file must be encoded in accordance with this device address in order to enable the device to play back the file or to carry out operations which further influence this playback, and that the device has a mode which is secured by a digital key (e.g. a password) and which removes the said volume limitation of the file being played back if the coding carried out in the file (as device address coding) matches the device address. [92] Method according to claim 91, characterized bythat, using this key and with further use of the device address, the file entries relating to the volume limitation in the said non-volatile memory of the playback device for this file (which is to be played back with unlimited volume) are deleted and, if it is determined that the file is identified as a file to be played back with unlimited volume, the method according to claims 1 to 7 is not carried out, wherein, if appropriate, several (different) device addresses can be stored in the non-volatile memory of the device if a corresponding file is downloaded from a server using the key. [93] Method according to one of claims 91 or 92, characterized bythat the said device address is used to delete the file entries in the non-volatile memory of the playback device belonging to a particular file, which each relate to the sections of the file that have already been played back, whereby the following process steps are carried out: g) the playback device is connected via an appropriate network (directly or via a client computer) to a server for the purpose of data exchange (e.g. via the Internet), h) the server reads the device address and requests a password if necessary (option), i) the server performs the following manipulations and changes on the playback device (in principle in any order): c1) the stored file entries and markers in the non-volatile memory of the playback device are read out to determine the reproduced sections of files (regarding their volume limitation for playback) and then the content of the non-volatile memory, which contains all files that may not be reproduced in their entirety (i.e. only with a volume limitation), is deleted, whereby addresses, file entries and markers relating to those files that are not affected by the volume limitation (e.g. device address) are excluded from this deletion, and if necessary, the user can also make a selection for the files whose file entries affect the volume limitation for their playback (option via list), c2) the device address of the playback device is changed for all files that may not be played back in full (ie only with a volume limit), whereby for the files that are not affected by the volume limit (due to the use of the key mentioned in claim 8), access via the old (original) device address is retained, or a separate device address stored in the file is used for checking to identify that the file belongs to the device and may be played back without a volume limit, c3) and all files are re-transferred (at the request and selection of the user) via a corresponding data transfer (e.g. the user's client computer) to a storage device (e.g. the user's client computer) of the user, provided that they concern the file entries deleted in the non-volatile memory of the playback device (under c1), whereby in these files - the new device address of the playback device, modified (or reconfigured) by the server, is taken into account, - all stored file entries and markers for determining the sections of files played and a volume limit for playback, insofar as they relate to the respective file, are also included in the file (in order to take into account the current playback status of the user related to the device address), - wherein, in the event that a new file is loaded into the playback device, a check is carried out to determine whether the file contains (the parameters created under c1) which relate to the volume limitation during its playback and, in this case, is stored once but permanently as the permanent content of the non-volatile memory which contains the said file entries for checking the volume limitation, loaded, or further supplemented during playback of the file and, in the event of repeated playback of this file, is not reloaded but only expanded as necessary in accordance with the new playback of the existing file entries in the non-volatile memory, according to the method according to claim 1 or 2 (until the renewed implementation of method step c1 of this claim). [94] Method according to one of claims 91 to 93, characterized bythat the file used by the playback device is loaded from a server using a network (e.g. Internet) with the device address contained therein, whereby the playback device is connected to the client computer in question which is used to download the file from the network, and the device address is transmitted to the server, which inserts it into the file transferred to the client computer via the network (possibly encrypted, or in an encrypted location). [95] Method according to one of claims 91 to 94, characterized bythat when configuring the device address of the playback device and / or downloading a file allowing unrestricted access using a key relating to a device address, the corresponding process (configuration of the device address and / or downloading of the file in question) is linked to this telephone connection (or mobile phone connection) by means of a code signal transmission or code signal transmission between a telephone connection (or mobile phone) called by the server and a client computer connected to the server, to which the playback device is also connected for the purpose of configuring or checking the device address, whereby instead of using a client computer, the playback device itself can have a corresponding network interface, such as an Internet connection, if necessary. [96] Method according to claim 95, characterized bythat during the download of a corresponding file, a set of code words is loaded from the server into the playback device (e.g. also via the file loaded later from the client computer into the device, ditto via data media created from it such as CD, DVD) and that in a later test step (which, for example, is carried out at appropriate intervals, e.g.weekly for a time extension in order to release the playback device for unrestricted playback) the code set stored in the playback device and addressed in accordance with the server is used for a comparison to release the device, whereby the data transmission in question is carried out via a corresponding telephone line of the user, which is called for this purpose by the server in order to transmit the addresses for addressing the comparison code from the set of code words stored in the playback device and the respective comparison code word via a connection from the telephone to the device. [97] Method according to claim 96, characterized bythat the code words stored in the playback device are shown on a display of the playback device and are transmitted by the user to the server via a telephone line called by the server, whereby the server assesses by voice analysis whether the voice belongs to the user and further assesses by speech signal text recognition whether the received code words are correct in each case in order to receive or cause the activation of the playback device by the server via a subsequent (e.g. acoustic) coupling of the telephone connection (with encrypted data transmission). [98] Method according to one of claims 84 to 97, for encoding and decoding a control character in a digitally coded audio signal or digitally coded analogue signal, characterized bythat for the coding / decoding of the control character in question, the amplitude range which lies in the range of the maximum value and / or directly the maximum value (or, if applicable, the maximum values ​​if positive and negative are used) is used, whereby the value of the analogue signal used at this point for coding / decoding a control character is not used by transmitting the digital signal but by interpolating the amplitude values ​​adjacent to the value replaced by a control character. [99] Method according to claim 98, characterized bythat a control character decoded in the manner mentioned from the digitally represented analogue signal is used as a start character (identifier) ​​of a series of free control signal values, such as parameters, addresses which do not belong to the analogue signal, and that between these values ​​used as control signal values ​​of the digital signal, time values ​​corresponding to the analogue signal are placed, which are additionally used for interpolation in order to obtain the analogue values ​​which are replaced by a control signal. [100] Method according to claim 99, characterized bythat a character assigned to the start character (e.g. subsequently coded parameter) has a number which indicates the number of characters to be subsequently coded and nested in the analog values ​​of the signal in the manner mentioned, such as parameters, addresses which do not belong to the analog signal, whereby the switching of the mode in which the decoding of these characters is carried out or not carried out is controlled by the displayed length of the decoding process. [101] Method according to one of claims 99 or 100, with a (conventional) linear time grid for the transfer of the digitally coded analog signals to the playback device, characterized bythat a FIFO memory (First in First out) or a similarly organized RAM memory is used to bridge the gaps related to the linear time grid caused by the coding of control characters and characters nested in the analog values ​​of the signal, such as parameters, addresses that do not belong to the analog signal ( Fig. 2 and Fig.3) through which the digitally coded analogue signal passes, whereby the time shift or delay between reading in (or reading clock or time EST) and reading out (or reading clock or time ASL) of the digitally coded values ​​(an*) is dimensioned such that over the duration of the clock cycle (or possibly also the clock cycles) within which no direct values ​​from the digitally coded analogue signals are used to reconstruct the signal (during playback), but are replaced by interpolation values, are bridged by the output of the values ​​from the FIFO memory in order to correspond to the linear time grid. [102] Method according to claim 101, characterized bythat the time shift or delay between reading (or reading clock or time EST) and reading (or reading clock or time ASL) of the digitally coded values ​​(an*) at the FIFO memory corresponds to a value corresponding to the unit (=1) of the linear output time grid, whereby the time period at the relevant point of the time grid where no direct analog value but a control character or a parameter, or an address, is placed and over which the interpolation of an analog value from an analog value leading this point (taken directly from the signal) and an analog value lagging this point (taken directly from the signal) is carried out, is bridged by the fact that the reading clock (or time EST), which otherwise leads the readout clock (AST) by one time grid position, performs a phase jump,so that the value belonging to a respective time grid position and read in with the read-in clock EST is read out again with the read-out clock AST belonging to the same time grid position, wherein the read-out clock AST of the FIFO is linear over the entire time grid (i.e. does not perform a phase jump), thus the (temporal) gaps in the value series corresponding to the analog signal related to the linear time grid of the read-out clock AST in claim 16 are each compensated by the said phase jump of the read-in clock EST. [103] Method according to claim 102, wherein starting with the decoding of the start character (START) over a certain number with interleaved analog values ​​(cf. an11 ... an25 in Fig. 2) the characters nested in the analog values ​​of the signal, such as parameters, addresses (which are not part of the analog signal), are coded alternately with the analog values, characterized bythat the said phase jump of the read-in clock pulse (EST) is initialized by a toggle flip-flop (alternatingly switching flip-flop), the clock sequence of which is switched on with the decoded start character (START) and is switched off again after the last character of the coded sequence of characters nested in the analog values ​​of the signal (such as parameters, addresses that do not belong to the analog signal) has been counted (so that no phase jump is initialized for the subsequent values ​​at the read-in clock pulse EST). [104] Method according to one of claims 95 to 97, which is carried out by a device, with a car radio as an MP3 player or an alternative compression method for an audio signal, characterized bythat the car radio has a radio telephone function (mobile phone) for an Internet data connection or an alternative data connection, which is connected to a server which loads the file (in particular a file for a method according to one of claims 1 to 20) into the memory of the car radio, wherein the server communicates with the user via an Internet connection (via a client computer) in order to control the activation. [105] Method according to claim 104, characterized bythat the car radio has, directly or via a peripheral additional device (e.g. in a module for the radio telephone function), a non-volatile memory for a compressed audio file (or files, if applicable) (e.g. MP3) with the associated playback converter, wherein the audio signal file contains jump marks which can be selected by entering (or selecting) a jump address in order to start playback of the audio signal at the relevant point, and that this input (to select a relevant jump address) is transmitted via the radio telephone function (e.g. by an SMS) which is sent from a server which manages the files, of which a relevant file is loaded into the non-volatile memory as a compressed audio file (e.g. MP3) for playback via the car radio. [106] Car radio carrying out a method according to claim 104 or 105, characterized bythat the button of the car radio which is used as a step button for stepping through the wavebands can access a further function which relates to the reproduction of the compressed audio signal, wherein, if necessary, several further steps (A, B, C) with corresponding (electronic) locking positions (MP3A, MP3B, MP3C) are provided, which each relate to the jump addresses mentioned in claim 22. [107] Car radio according to claim 106, characterized by that the configuration option for the jump addresses also includes the configuration option for the device address in accordance with the previous claims, whereby this configuration enables the activation of a file initially intended to be played back only in a limited volume to be played back in an unlimited volume. [108] Car radio according to one of claims 106 to 107, characterized bythat (e.g. for less broadband radio networks) the file is first loaded from the client computer (of the user) into the module via a small portable module (e.g. with a USB interface) and is then loaded from this module into the car radio. [109] Car radio according to one of claims 106 to 108, characterized by that the radio telephone is installed in a self-contained housing separate from the radio and is connected to a GPS system, which transmits the position to a central server if a theft is detected. [110] Method according to one of the preceding method claims for downloading a file from a server to a client computer or directly to a respective playback device using a network access (such as the Internet), characterized bythat in the playback device in which the file is to be played back, or which must be networked when the file is played back (e.g. by the computer) in order to enable playback, one or more device addresses are provided which must be coded in the played data carrier file (or in the data source) as a corresponding check address in order to enable its playback, and that this device address(es) is (are) read by the server and / or configured accordingly, whereby the downloaded file is coded with the corresponding check address by the server. [111] Method according to claim 110, characterized bythat, regardless of the device address used in each case, in addition to the test address present for the recognition of the device address encoded (or configured) in the device in the file, a specific file address identifying the file (which exclusively encodes or corresponds to the usual name of the file) is provided, and is not stored in a volatile manner in the device (or part of the device) required to play back the file and is stored permanently (i.e. even when the device is switched off) from the first play-back onwards and cannot be deleted by the user and that when the file is loaded, the encoding of the file name is used to select the corresponding device address from several. [112] Method according to claim 110 or 111, characterized by that the following procedure is implemented: When downloading the file from the server: e) the file name used to identify a particular file (regardless of the device or user) or its identifier written into a non-volatile memory of the device; f) the device address assigned when downloading the file is saved under the addressing (link) of the file name. c) When playing a file, a coincidence check of file name and device address is performed, for example: c1) Is the file name in question even saved? If so, proceed to the next check; if not, refuse playback and abort. c2) Does the device address stored under the address (reference) of this file name match the verification address stored in the file (immediately or after decryption)? If yes, playback is performed. If no, playback is denied and the file is aborted. [113] Method according to claim 84 or 85 or according to any other of the preceding method claims, characterized by that when the playback device is loaded with a file that can be played back without restrictions (or a file marked as such), the device address contained in the file must match the address stored in the playback device in order for playback to take place, any file entries relating to this file (or this file name) in the non-volatile data memory mentioned are deleted upon playback. [114] Method according to claim 84 or 85 or according to any other of the preceding method claims, characterized bythat the addresses (ADD) for identifying the sections and, if applicable, length information for the sections (such as limitations, volume fractions) also contain an indication (as a code) as to whether, when a maximum length is reached (up to which a section in question may be played back), the playback of the file should be stopped or continued with the subsequent section encoding. [115] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, in particular according to one of claims 95 or 96, characterized bythat the file name encoded in the reproduced file as a code (e.g. also abbreviated) contains a code belonging to several file names, hereinafter referred to as LABEL, as a group address (e.g. to designate a company that produces or distributes the file), or is associated with this, and is noted in the said non-volatile memory in which the file entries are written, whereby this LABEL is also included in the comparison to determine a reproduction authorization of a file, and that in the event of detection of misuse of the newly assigned device addresses of a device are used by different users (e.g.in which the connection to different telephone numbers to a device address relating to the manipulation according to claim 12 or 13 is determined when downloading new files and / or use is made of the measure according to claim 33), a blocking note for the LABEL is written into the non-volatile memory of the device, which prevents the playback of files which are associated with this LABEL as a common higher-level group address. [116] Method according to claim 115, wherein instead of different LABELS, only one (non-coded) LABEL can be defined, to which all files to be played back belong (option), and the playback device has an exemplary coded serial number, which is checked or stored together with the device address when downloading a file from the server, characterized bythat the server manages the read serial number chronologically and, if it finds that two or more identical device addresses exist for different serial numbers, blocks the device or devices in question (if necessary, taking into account the chronological order of their access to the server) by writing a blocking note into the non-volatile memory of the device. [117] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized bythat the playback device is only used as copy protection for a computer, in such a way that it is connected via a data interface (e.g. USB) to a computer (PC) which plays back the file, the file being stored encrypted on the computer's mass storage device (hard disk) and that software is running on the PC which, on the one hand, decrypts the file and, on the other hand, can access the non-volatile memory of the playback device in order to limit the playback of the file as if it were running in the playback device. [118] Method according to claim 117, characterized by that the decryption of the file takes place in a format that can be processed by standard audio software, whereby this file is presented to such software in relation to the computer's operating system as if it were being read from a mass storage device of the computer (hard disk). [119] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized by that the playback device has a mode with a fixed sequence program, which generates a jump address or branch ADDbranch to a corresponding further section for each detected end of a reproduced section and that for a jumped address in the sequence program the length is coded as the respective end of a section by a parameter [length] contained in the code of the sequence program, corresponding to the length with which the section is to be reproduced. [120] Method according to claim 119, characterized bythat a function (controllable via corresponding keys) is provided on the playback device with which the playback of the sections can be extended outside the fixed sequence program (and is registered in a non-volatile memory as the used playback volume in accordance with the method according to claim 1 with subsequent claims). [121] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized by that the playback device checks whether, within a certain length from the beginning of the loaded file, a format relating to a device address coding is present or whether the file is only encoded according to a common standard, and if this is determined, playback takes place according to a common standard. [122] Method according to one of the preceding method claims with two or more files, one of which is reproduced according to a time grid (or according to a time axis) (e.g. acoustically or as a video signal, or as a flash file) and another of which is not reproduced according to a time grid, but contains graphic reference elements (text, musical notation) which have a meaningful reference to the file reproduced according to a time grid, these graphic reference elements being positioned in a corresponding format in serial order (as a computer file displayed on a screen or in a printed work, such as a book), characterized bythat in addition to the said files, a reference file, hereinafter referred to as a synchronization file, is provided, which contains a reference table having as input value (key) a progressively generated code ZTime according to the time grid of the file reproduced according to a time axis for addressing, whereby under this code Ztime, a table value is stored, each associated with an instantaneous value or with a sequence of instantaneous values, which corresponds in each case to the position of the graphic reference element (text, musical notation) corresponding to a respective playback time Ztime within the further graphically reproduced file (corresponding to a different media genre), that the playback device generates the said progressive code ZTime (as a time value) over the duration of the playback of the code reproduced according to a time grid (or according to a time axis),that the playback device for the playback of the file played back according to a time grid (e.g. audio playback, video) has a signal function (e.g. a key signal or external trigger signal), in which the current time value Ztimelabel = Ztime at the respective time of occurrence of the signal is stored in a memory or a file, hereinafter referred to as the supplementary file, and that this supplementary file is subsequently used to address or search for the graphic reference elements corresponding to the stored time values ​​Ztimelabel, or their data, characters (such as text, musical notation) using the said synchronization file (table) according to their position in the said further file (which is not played back according to a time grid), whereby this further file can be a computer file or also relate to a printed work with the printed graphic characters. [123] Method according to claim 122, characterized by that the said supplementary file is stored in the playback device, or remains there, and that when using the playback device and connected to a server (directly or via another client computer, e.g. via the Internet), on which the further file not played back according to a time grid (with graphic reference elements such as text, musical notation) is stored together with the said synchronization file (table), the user addresses or searches for the points marked during the (previous) playback of the file played back according to a time grid (e.g. audio playback, video) by a signal function (e.g. a key signal or external trigger signal) and receives the corresponding (automated) support for this from the server (e.g.) via the Internet. [124] Method according to claim 122 or 123, wherein the file not reproduced according to a time grid displays a text file as graphic reference elements, or is a text file and the file reproduced according to a time grid is (or contains) an audio file (wave file, MP3) whose audio signal (speech and / or singing) has a meaningful reference to the text of the text file, characterized by the following process steps for the automatic and / or semi-automatic creation of the synchronization file (table) mentioned in claim 38 or 39: c) Speech recognition software is provided which converts the wording of the spoken text reproduced during recording and / or playback of the audio signal (according to the said audio file) into corresponding text characters, d) Starting from the (correct) start position of the text file, the text file is read out word by word or, if applicable, word group (string) by word group or, if applicable, syllable by syllable in the order of the text sequence, whereby the read word (or word group or string) is compared with the text currently generated by the speech recognition software (as a word or word group), if applicable, syllable by syllable: b1) If a positive comparison result (i.e. matching or true) is obtained in this comparison (results in the status: speech recognition evaluation mode), then the position address of the text part or word (possibly also syllable) from the text file corresponding to the comparison is saved as a value of the synchronization file (table) under the address (or key) of the time value Ztime of the audio signal on which this comparison is based in the speech recognition software, and the next word or group of words (possibly also syllable) corresponding to the text sequence is read out from the text file and used for the (respective) subsequent comparison with the text currently generated by the speech recognition software. b2) If a negative comparison result (i.e. not matching or incorrect) is obtained in this comparison (results in the status: mouse mode), then the position address of that text part or word from the text file is stored as a value of the synchronization file (table) under the address (or key) of the time value Ztime of the audio signal on which this comparison is based in the speech recognition software, which corresponds to the current position of the cursor that can be controlled by the user (e.g. with the mouse or keys), whereby this status is maintained until case b1 (of the above paragraph) occurs again. [125] Method according to claim 124, characterized bythat in the status mode mouse the respective current cursor position marks a capture area which uses a length (of the current string) extended by this capture area in the area of ​​the word group located at the current cursor position as a basis for comparison with the text currently played back as an audio signal from the audio file and converted by the speech recognition, within which the word recognised by the speech recognition is searched for, whereby when a word is recognised the system switches back to the status mode speech recognition evaluation. [126] Method according to claim 124 or 125, characterized by that for each automatic switch to the status mode mouse, in which the text selection is made by the user, the relevant text area to be selected by the user with the cursor function is highlighted in a different color. [127] Method according to one of claims 124 to 126, characterized bythat all value pairs of the synchronisation file for which the speech recognition software switches to the status mode mouse due to a lack of recognition of the text reproduced by the audio signal are saved for subsequent correction (during which the recorded audio signal is reproduced) and can be retrieved step by step during the correction. [128] Method according to claim 127, characterized by that during the correction the audio signal is played back at a slower speed than that corresponding to the recording and that this deviation from the recording speed is corrected during the creation of the synchronization file (table) in relation to the key values ​​or time values ​​Ztime used for addressing (which correspond to the individual words of the text) in accordance with the ratio of the speed deviation. [129] Method according to claim 122 or 123, wherein the file not reproduced according to a time grid displays a music file as graphic reference elements, or corresponds to a music file (also MIDI file) and the file reproduced according to a time grid corresponds to an audio file (Wave file, MP3) whose audio signal (music) has a corresponding reference to the musical notation of the music file according to the reproduced tones, characterized by the following process steps for the automatic and / or semi-automatic creation of the synchronization file (table) mentioned in claim 38 or 39: c) A frequency analysis is provided which converts the tones of the music reproduced during recording and / or playback of the said audio file into a corresponding notation or even a partial notation (only concerning the pitch) which is sufficient to assign it to an already existing notation, d) Starting from the (correct) start position of the music file, the music file is read out step by step, note by note or, if applicable, note group (string) by note group, in the sequence of notes, whereby the read out note (or note group or string) is compared (step by step) with the music image currently generated by the music recognition software (as a note or note group) in order to generate the assignment of the time value generated as a progressive code ZTime (as a time value) in the playback device to the corresponding positions in the music image as a synchronization file (table). [130] Method according to one of claims 122 to 129, characterized bythat the said synchronization file (table) is also addressable in reverse, or such a table is created in which the positions of the graphic reference elements (image elements such as text, musical notation) selected in the graphically displayed file (text, musical notation) which is not reproduced according to a time grid are used as an address (key) in order to read out the time values ​​Ztime corresponding to the file (audio, video, flash) reproduced according to a time grid and to address the relevant positions of the file (or signal) reproduced according to a time grid using the read-out values. [131] Method according to one of claims 122 to 130, characterized bythat the playback device generates the said progressive code ZTime (as a time value) using markers (or synchronizing signals) contained in the reproduced amplitude curve of the file played back according to a time grid, which synchronize the proportionality of the amplitude curve to time (as in audio playback, MP3 playback, video playback, usually the time clock refers, for example, to the amplitude curve of the signal, cf. output clock of a D / A converter or line synchronizing pulses of a video signal). [132] Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized bythat a mode is provided for the playback device which is switched on by means of markers or addresses encoded in the file or in the data carrier (which can be switched off again if markers are missing), in which mode the said volume limitation of a played audio book (or the played audio file) can be prevented again by switching to another medium (printed matter, text file) in good time using the said synchronization file (table) by entering a text passage relating to the continuation of the text in order to continue playback (if necessary coupled with a minimum waiting time). [133] Method according to one of claims 122 to 132, characterized bythat the data transmission for the synchronization between audio playback and text, and vice versa, takes place via a mobile phone which either contains a relevant (MP3) player or has an interface to the playback device in order to load the updated data between the playback device and the server (ditto vice versa), the mobile phone functions then being used accordingly for operation (SMS, voice recognition for switching on playback, see claim 51).

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