1 Sensor-controlled display output for dialysis machines

Abstract

Medical device (20), in particular a dialysis machine, which is operated and controlled via a display (D), comprising the following data-exchanging modules: - a control unit (10) for controlling a display (D) for operating the medical device (20), which is designed to determine a state of the medical device (20) from detected signals and to calculate control commands for state-dependent control of the display (D) by means of a control logic (100), wherein, depending on the detected state, different state-specific menus are displayed on a display to assist the user in operating the device and / or to indicate any errors and / or next steps; (Original claim 7 in combination with claim 1 and p. 4, no.3-6)- Equipment (200) connected to the medical device (20) and which must be operated for the operation of the medical device (20);- a display (D) on which display outputs from a graphics memory (1003) are displayed for the operation of the medical device (20) and / or its equipment (200);- a sensor unit (S) arranged on the medical device (20) and in particular on all or selected equipment (200) and which is designed to automatically detect a state of the medical device (20) and the respective equipment (200) and to forward it to the control unit (10) for the calculation of the control commands; and wherein a state indicates on which equipment (200) of the device (20) a user intervention has been detected (p. 16 / Z.7+8, where “detected” has been replaced by “captured” to maintain consistency in claim language); where a display output is provided for precisely the device on which a change of state has been captured. (p. 11, lines 1-3).

Description

Description The present invention relates to a control unit, a dialysis machine or other medical device and a method and a computer program for sensor-controlled display control for a dialysis machine. Well-known, modern medical devices, particularly dialysis machines, such as the Fresenius Medical Care 5008 hemodialysis machine, require a sequence of operating steps and actions for machine setup or operation. These steps must be performed on the machine itself or on connected equipment, such as a heparin pump. The user is supported and guided through these steps by a suitable display on the machine. This display can be, for example, a touch-sensitive screen or touchscreen for controlling the device and for data input and output. Capacitive sensor technology is typically used for the touch-sensitive user interfaces of dialysis machines. A touchscreen with capacitive sensor technology is described in more detail, for example, in DE 10 2011 011 769 A1.In addition, DE 692 26 181 T2 , DE 693 28 306 T2 and US 2015 / 0 227 293 A1 should also be mentioned. The hemodialysis system comprises a dialysis machine as its central unit. This machine continuously circulates the patient's blood through a blood chamber of a filter or dialyzer into an extracorporeal circuit. The blood chamber is separated from a dialysis fluid chamber by a semipermeable membrane. The dialysis fluid chamber is filled with a fluid containing blood electrolytes. The concentration of these substances in the dialysis fluid corresponds to that of healthy blood. During treatment, the patient's blood and the dialysis fluid are generally passed countercurrently on both sides of the membrane at a predetermined flow rate.The waste products that must be excreted in urine diffuse across the membrane from the blood chamber to the dialysis chamber, while simultaneously electrolytes present in the blood and dialysis fluid diffuse from the chamber of higher concentration to the chamber of lower concentration. Applying transmembrane pressure can further influence the metabolic process. To perform the functionality described above, the medical device with the extracorporeal circulation module comprises several technical components, such as replacement pumps, valves, throttles, pressure sensors, as well as technical elements and devices like external connections, sliding handles, fan filters, a power connection, hydraulic connections with valves, etc. Upgrading and operating the dialysis system requires the aforementioned technical components and devices to be operated—often in a coordinated sequence involving several steps. Errors or malfunctions can occur during the execution of these operating steps on the machine's various components, impairing or even preventing the operation of the dialysis machine. Therefore, ensuring correct operation is crucial. Errors should be avoided and detected as quickly as possible.It is known in the prior art to display specific instructions on the dialysis machine's screen to assist the user in performing operating steps. A predefined, fixed menu is provided and displayed, thus giving the user instructions for a sequence of operating steps to be performed sequentially. However, a disadvantage of existing systems is that the display is fixed and unchangeable, defined by a predefined menu with a rigid menu structure. The menu is essentially cycled through in a fixed sequence. In practice, however, greater flexibility has become apparent. Specifically, a display that adapts to the current situation is desirable. For example, if the user has performed certain operations incorrectly, it is desirable for the display to show corrective instructions, even if the user is currently in a different menu. The correct execution of each operation should be verified, and depending on the result of this verification, a result-based display should be triggered, so that, for example...When an error is detected, a modified menu structure is provided and, for example, a message can be issued indicating that an error has been detected in a particular piece of equipment - possibly with the output of further corrective measures. Since operating the device sometimes involves life-saving measures for the patient, ensuring correct operation of the device, including all preparatory steps, is of paramount importance for the system's safety. In this context, the invention aims to improve the human-machine interface. The present invention therefore aims to improve and, in particular, make safer the operation of dialysis machines and other medical devices. Furthermore, when a device is operated with several different components, the condition of all components, especially their fault-free operation, is to be monitored. The results of this monitoring should be incorporated into an improved display control system, which makes it possible to trigger the display's output depending on the condition of the device and its components. This problem is solved according to the invention by a medical device and a method as well as by a computer program product according to the accompanying dependent claims. The invention is described below with reference to the device-specific solution to the problem and thus to the medical device. Features, advantages, or alternative embodiments mentioned here are also transferable to the other claimed items and vice versa. In other words, the claims (which, for example, are directed to a device or to the control unit) can be further developed with the features described or claimed in connection with the method. The corresponding functional features of the method are thereby realized by corresponding physical modules, in particular by electronic circuit components or microprocessor modules of the system or the device, and vice versa. According to one aspect, the invention relates to a medical device with a control unit for controlling a display for operating a medical device, in particular a dialysis machine. A sensor unit is provided on the medical device, which is designed to detect physical signals and transmit them to the control unit. The control unit is designed to automatically determine the state of the medical device from the detected signals and, using control logic, to calculate and preferably also output control commands for state-dependent control of the display. At its core, the control unit comprises an electronic module for sensor-based and condition-dependent output of graphic signals and, if necessary, corresponding control commands for controlling the display(s) or for displaying the results on the screen(s). Depending on the detected condition, different condition-specific menus will be displayed to assist the user in operating the device and / or to alert them to any errors and / or next steps. The preferred embodiment of the invention relates to equipment for receiving or inserting disposable items, such as a heparin syringe into a heparin pump of a dialysis machine, and the necessary operation of the equipment and its verification of correctness via a suitably designed user interface on the display. Other embodiments of the invention relate to other equipment, such as other pumps, holding devices – e.g., for a dialysis filter – and / or connections on the dialysis machine and / or receiving devices for medical components or disposable items. The control unit is an electronic unit that can be implemented in hardware as an integrated circuit (e.g., as an FPGA, field-programmable gate array) or in software. The control unit is used to control the display. It can be implemented directly in a graphics card or graphics chip, or indirectly on a processor unit that exchanges data with the graphics card and the display. The graphics card writes data for the display to a graphics memory, which is usually implemented as RAM (random access memory). The processor unit and / or the graphics chip or graphics card read the memory to display the stored data on the screen. Optionally, a video adapter can be implemented that uses the digital signals from the control unit and / or an application program and converts them into video in memory (e.g., a video adapter).The control unit according to the invention stores and outputs the video RAM or, if necessary, converts it into an analog signal (using a D / A converter). The control unit communicates with the sensor unit. This communication is preferably a unidirectional data connection through which the sensor unit sends the acquired sensor data to the control unit. The sensor data represents the state of the medical device, preferably including all components connected to the device. In a simpler embodiment of the invention, only a selection of the components can be equipped with corresponding sensors, the state of which is then taken into account. The sensor data is converted into control commands for state-dependent control of the display for signal output on the display by means of control logic in the control unit. The control logic is an integrated circuit and / or a program that determines how the sensor data, which can originate from different sensors, are processed and which display output should be generated based on the acquired data. The sensor unit comprises several sensor modules. The sensor modules, in turn, comprise several sensors. The sensor modules are installed on the dialysis machine, preferably at multiple locations within the machine, and on all or selected components of the machine and / or at the respective interfaces between the machine and the components. The sensors are preferably of different types and include, in addition to optical sensors, acoustic sensors, position and / or proximity sensors, temperature sensors, Hall sensors, and other sensor types, also switches, pushbuttons, and / or potentiometers, etc. The medical device requires a variety of technical components for its operation, such as pumps, tubing, or other mechanical and / or electronic units that must be connected to the device or are already integrated into it. As mentioned above, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the component is a heparin pump. Other embodiments of the invention relate to other pumps, dialysis filters in dialyzers, clamps, modules, or devices as components. The component may also be designed to hold disposable items such as tubing, filters, disposable syringes, etc. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each component is equipped with at least one sensor. The components must be operated. For example, a heparin syringe must be correctly inserted into and connected to the designated pump on the device before it can be put into operation.Therefore, a sequence of specific operating steps on the device and / or the operating equipment is required. According to the invention, this sequence is controlled by the sensor unit. The totality of all sensor signals represents the state of the device or machine and its components. This state comprises several state variables, which depend on the specific application and the components in use. For example, the state can be defined by the state variable "Are the doors or cover of the 5008 dialysis machine closed or open?" This is detected by one or more suitable sensors (e.g., position sensors). For instance, the dialysis machine can only be upgraded with the blood tubing system once the cover is open. Before the cover is opened, displaying menu items related to subsequent actions for connecting or operating the blood tubing system is not useful or even confusing for the user, as they cannot (yet) be performed in that state.According to the invention, these menu items are not displayed when the menu is still closed; instead, a display message is shown that, for example, indicates to the user the need to open the doors. Typically, setting up or operating the machine requires several actions, interventions (with connected technical devices or manually operated), process steps, or operating steps on various components. It may be necessary to follow a specific sequence when operating the individual components and / or when executing the individual operating steps. According to the invention, a specifically generated menu structure with a corresponding sequence of display outputs is created based on the calculated state derived from the acquired sensor data. This structure provides the user with state-dependent support in the specific application. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the control unit includes a switch or button for selecting a menu type. Basically, two different menu types are provided: a step-by-step mode, which generates a display for each operating step in a sequence of operating steps and displays these sequentially as the operating steps are executed on the device. An operating step on the device or on one of the operating components can be assigned to a graphic output with a corresponding display. The respective graphic output can, in turn, comprise several subordinate graphic outputs (e.g., in the form of menu subpages). This means that the user is guided through the sequence of menu pages as they perform the operating steps. Furthermore, a parameter-based mode is provided in which machine parameters can be set directly.This has the advantage that an experienced user doesn't have to click through the entire menu, but can enter the respective settings directly. The switch or button can also be designed as a so-called touch key on the display. Furthermore, instead of the switch or button, an automatically or semi-automatically operated detection unit can be provided, which is designed to detect or determine the menu type. The display represents a user interface (also called a monitor). It is preferably designed as a touch-sensitive display and comprises a sensor (touchscreen sensor) for detecting input signals (e.g., on input fields) for controlling and operating the dialysis machine (hereinafter also referred to as the device or machine) and its components, as well as a display on which interaction areas, switches, control fields, etc., for controlling the dialysis machine are shown. The display serves in particular to show a specifically generated menu with a sequence of different menu pages for controlling or operating the medical device. The menu is displayed before or during the execution of operating steps on the device and serves to guide the user in carrying out the operating steps or to provide them with additional information. The display is thus an input and output unit.User interface for input and output of signals. The display is preferably designed as a capacitive touchscreen. Preferably, the touchscreen has multi-sensor functionality so that simultaneous touches can also be detected. An example of such a touchscreen is described in more detail in DE10 2011 011 769 A1. Typically, in addition to the display (the actual display unit), the touchscreen comprises a touchscreen sensor as an input unit for user signals, a controller, and optionally a driver, which can be located in the medical device. In an alternative and also preferred embodiment of the invention, the touchscreen sensor can be designed as a projected capacitive sensor (usually called "PCT" = "Projected Capacitive Touch" or "PCAP"). In this case, the sensor uses two layers with a conductive pattern (for example, stripes or diamonds). The layers are mounted in isolation from each other.When a finger is positioned at the intersection of two strips, the capacitor's capacitance changes, resulting in a stronger signal arriving at the receiver strip. This signal change can be precisely measured using the X and Y coordinates, allowing for the exact definition of multiple touch points. The current flow from the corners of the touchscreen to the touch point is proportional to the X and Y coordinates. The key advantage of this system is that the sensor can be mounted on the back of the cover glass, as touch detection is "projected through" the glass. This allows for operation on the virtually wear-free glass surface. Furthermore, gesture and multi-touch detection is possible. In other embodiments of the invention, however, resistive, inductive, or other sensor technologies can also be used for touchscreens. The invention is described below for a dialysis machine as an example of a medical device, e.g., a hemodialysis machine or a peritoneal dialysis machine. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention can also be applied or transferred to other medical devices, computer-controlled devices or (fluid management) machines or blood treatment devices that have a display for showing device data and / or are controlled via the display. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the state is defined by the current or planned operation of the device. The current state is detected by the sensor unit and thus relates to the actual state of the system with all its components. In a further development, a predicted, probable subsequent state can also be calculated from the detected actual state. For example, suitable sensors can detect whether single-needle or dual-needle operation, or operation with a substitute pump, is to be carried out. After the state has been detected, state-dependent output signals are then automatically generated for display on the screen, according to the invention.Once the sensor unit has automatically detected that the single-needle pump is to be fitted, the control unit according to the invention automatically recognizes that single-needle operation is to be carried out (subsequent state) and generates output signals and corresponding control commands to display a menu for upgrading the machine in single-needle operation. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sensor unit is arranged on all operating elements. In simpler embodiments, sensors of the sensor unit are only installed on relevant and selected operating elements. The sensor unit comprises at least one and preferably several sensors located on different components and / or positions and / or operating elements of the medical device. The sensors are configured to detect various technical signals, in particular physical, electrical, and / or chemical quantities. The sensors can be configured as optical sensors (e.g., in the form of a camera), acoustic sensors, Hall effect sensors, position sensors, and / or sensors for detecting other signals. The sensor unit can include at least one of the aforementioned sensors, a switch, a push button, and / or a potentiometer. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the control unit comprises a sensor trigger switch by which it can be activated and deactivated. The function of the sensor unit can thus advantageously be switched on or off. According to another perspective, the task is solved by a medical device, in particular a dialysis machine, which is operated and controlled via a display, with the following modules exchanging data: - A control unit, as described above; - A plurality of technical operating components that are connected to the medical device or are intended for connection (and yet to be connected) and must be operated for upgrading or operating the medical device; - A display on which display outputs from a graphics memory are shown for operating the medical device and / or its operating components. The display outputs can be state-dependent menu displays with submenu pages.- A sensor unit that is arranged on the medical device and in particular on its operating components and that is designed to automatically detect a state of the medical device with all or selected operating components and to forward this information to the control unit for the calculation of control commands. According to another aspect, the problem is solved by a method for controlling a display of a medical device, in particular a dialysis machine, which is operated and controlled via the display, with the following method steps: - Acquiring sensor data that represent a state of the medical device with its operating elements - Calculating control commands for state-dependent control of the display depending on the acquired sensor data. In a preferred embodiment of the method, the control commands are also applied to output a display depending on the acquired sensor data. This has the advantage that the user is supported in operating the device by the specifically and conditionally generated graphic output. In a further preferred embodiment of the method, the state comprises at least one state variable. Preferably, each state variable characterizes a state of each operating resource. In particular, the state thus comprises all state variables or states of all relevant operating resources. The state variable can have only one parameter and thus be configured as a binary signal ("1" or "0") (e.g., representing "door open" or "door closed"). Alternatively, the state variable can also comprise several parameters (e.g., as a distance signal). Operating a piece of equipment typically requires a sequence of steps performed on the device or equipment itself. In step-by-step mode, each step is assigned to at least one display output. This has the advantage that the user receives instructions or guidance for each step. Preferably, the generated graphic and the corresponding menu are displayed before the step is executed, thus serving as a guide and instruction. Alternatively, the generated signal output and menu can be displayed only after the step has been completed, providing confirmation of a correct, incorrect, or omitted step as a corrective and verification output. The display output can be an interactive user interface with a sequence of preferably hierarchically structured operating menu displays, each with submenu displays for a specific device. The sequence of operating menu displays is determined based on the acquired sensor data (and thus based on the state). According to the invention, even while a menu is displayed, a modified display output is generated and shown if the sensor unit detects a specific state that necessitates the output of a message. This modified display output is also shown if the state relates to a different device.For example, if the menu for connecting the substitution pump is displayed, but at the same time an error is detected when inserting the heparin syringe into the pump, the previous menu is interrupted, and a graphical page is displayed containing instructions for correcting the error when inserting the heparin syringe. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, it can be configured to output a graphical display for precisely the device on which a change of state has been detected. This has the advantage that only current and relevant graphical displays are shown, and in particular, those relating to devices that are currently being used. Furthermore, it can be configured when and how the state-dependent graphical displays are shown.It can be configured that the modified graphic output generated according to the invention is displayed as an additional window over the existing display (as a pop-up or float-in window) and / or that the output should be displayed directly and without delay or later with a time delay, e.g. only after passing through a menu currently displayed on the screen (to avoid confusing the user with different instructions). In a further preferred embodiment, the output is displayed for interactive user guidance during operation or upgrades of the medical device. Depending on the acquired sensor data, an operating menu display is generated for the respective device (on which the sensor data was acquired) or is already pre-configured and selected for display. Another solution involves a computer program product for a medical device, which is loaded or loadable into the memory of a computer or electronic or medical device, containing a computer program to perform the procedure described above when the computer program is executed on the computer or electronic or medical device. The computer program product can be loaded into the internal memory of a digital control unit. Another solution involves a computer program to carry out all the steps of the procedure described above, provided the computer program is executed on a computer, electronic device, or medical device. It is also possible for the computer program to be stored on a medium readable by the computer or the electronic or medical device. The following detailed description of the figures discusses exemplary embodiments, which are not to be understood as restrictive, along with their features and further advantages, using the drawing as an example. Brief description of the characters Fig. 1 shows a dialysis machine with a display according to a preferred embodiment of the invention in a schematic representation. Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a dialysis machine with a control unit according to the invention and a medical device. Fig. 3 is a detailed representation of a heparin pump, wherein Fig. 3a shows a heparin pump without an inserted heparin syringe and Fig. 3b shows a heparin pump with an inserted heparin syringe. Fig. 4 shows a flowchart according to a preferred embodiment. Fig. 5 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a modified screen layout with a state-specific display output. Detailed description of the figures The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the figures. The invention improves the human-machine interface with regard to setup time, operating time, and error-free operation. By generating a state-specific display output on the display D with a detailed indication of the required operating steps, user errors can be avoided. This applies initially to all operating interventions on the medical device 20 and its components 200, and in particular to components designed for inserting disposable items, such as pumps or couplings for hoses, etc. The invention relates in particular to an automatic detection of interventions on the medical device 20 and its operating equipment 200 via a sensor unit S for condition-dependent display output within the framework of user guidance in device control. Fig. 1 shows a dialysis machine as a representative of a medical device 20 in a schematic diagram. The dialysis machine is operated and controlled via a connected display D. According to the invention, a control unit 10 is connected to the medical device 20 via a suitable data connection. As shown schematically in Fig. 1, the dialysis machine comprises an extracorporeal treatment module 202 as its central element. This module is secured against unintentional contact by a transparent cover 204, here in the form of a double-leaf door. The extracorporeal treatment module 202 comprises a plurality of operating elements 200 in the form of various pumps (e.g., blood, substitute), valves, syringes, holders, receptacles, and the like. The medical device 20 also comprises operating elements 200.The operating equipment 200 can be located at different positions, either inside the medical device 20 or outside (on an attached component), i.e., also outside the extracorporeal treatment module 202. Furthermore, the operating equipment 200 themselves can also be connected to the dialysis machine as an external, separate device via a corresponding connection and a data connection. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, a blood pump 208 is depicted in the upper central area of ​​the extracorporeal treatment module 202. Below it is a substitution pump 210, and on the left side, below a heparin pump 206, is a substitution port 212. At the lower part of the extracorporeal treatment module 202 is a channel 214 with a leakage sensor for the extracorporeal treatment module 202 and various measuring heads 220.On the right side, a component group 218 for venous level and air monitoring is provided, which may include, for example, an optical detector and an air bubble detector, a clamping lever with level detector (shown in the center) with a hose receptacle or hose guide (in the upper area) and a fixation for a venous bubble catcher. Furthermore, additional measuring units, connections and / or other components may be incorporated into the extracorporeal treatment module 202. According to the invention, a sensor unit S is provided, comprising a plurality of individual signal transducers or sensors. The separate sensors can be of different types or detect the same physical quantities. For example, optical sensors, position sensors, end-position sensors, Hall sensors, or sensors of another type can be provided. The sensors are either directly integrated or attached to the dialysis machine or indirectly to the operating components 200 of the dialysis machine. The operating components 200 serve to operate or control the medical device 20. The operating components 200 can also be designed to be connected to other components (e.g., connectors, hoses, etc.). In addition, the operating components can also serve to hold disposable items (e.g., syringes, hoses). In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a heparin pump 206 as operating equipment, which is intended for use with a heparin syringe (not shown in Fig. 1). As briefly mentioned above, the operating equipment 200 can also be located inside the medical device 20, and in particular inside the extracorporeal blood treatment module. This equipment can include, for example, filters or pumps. This operating equipment 200 requires maintenance and / or repair in case of malfunction. For this purpose, the extracorporeal blood treatment module must be opened (e.g., by folding down a front panel). The open state can also be detected by the sensor unit S according to the invention and forwarded to the control unit 10 for calculation. In a further embodiment, the control unit 10 can be configured to compare this sensor data with maintenance planning data, which is preferably read in via a further (preferably network-based) interface from a central server or a monitoring unit.If the comparison shows that device 20 is open (sensor signal) and a maintenance procedure is scheduled during this period (server data), then, according to the invention, it can be concluded that maintenance is to be expected as the next operational intervention. Accordingly, a corresponding menu (here: for the maintenance of the respective operating equipment, e.g., as menu start screen 500) is displayed on the display D. The heparin pump 206 shown in Fig. 1 is shown and described in more detail in Fig. 3. Fig. 3a shows the heparin pump without an inserted heparin syringe, and Fig. 3b shows it with an inserted heparin syringe 207. For the dialysis machine to operate, the heparin syringe 207 must be correctly inserted into the heparin pump 206 and locked in place for the respective application. The heparin pump 206 comprises a clamping lever 2061 with syringe detection, a retaining bracket 2062, clamps 2063, a handle 2064, and a clamping lever 2065. The aforementioned equipment must be operated correctly. According to the invention, depending on the detected state, the following warning message can be displayed on display D: - "To automatically check whether the heparin syringe is correctly secured and connected, it should be inserted before the flush volume is reached." - "Only heparin syringes with a volume of 30 ml or less may be used." The display D, also called monitor, serves as a human-machine interface for the input and output of signals and instructions for operating the medical device 20 with its operating equipment 200. Fig. 2 schematically describes further components of the medical device 20 and the control unit 10. A driver 1001 can be located in the control unit 10 or in the medical device 20, while a controller 1002, which can be a microcontroller, is located directly in the display D or in the control unit 10, or provides the connection to it and is designed as an interface. Alternatively, the controller 1002 can also be a separate instance connected via a data connection. The control unit 10 comprises a logic circuit or control logic 100.The control logic 100 serves to calculate the state of the medical device 20 with all its components 200 from the signals received by the sensor unit S and to generate control commands based on the calculated state in order to produce a case-specific display output, store it in a graphics memory 1003, and then read it out for display on the display D. As indicated in Fig. 2, different instances of the sensor unit are usually provided, i.e., different sensors that are arranged or integrated at different components and positions on the device 20 and whose signals are transmitted to the control unit 10 for automatic processing. The sensors can be integrated directly on the medical device 20 and / or indirectly on components 200 of the device 20.The operating resources 200 can also be located outside the device 20 and exchange data with it and / or be connected in other ways. Fig. 4 shows a flowchart according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. After the system is started, sensor data is acquired in step a. Depending on the configuration of the method, all sensors of the sensor unit S can be queried, or only a predefined selection of sensors. The latter has the advantage that the amount of data to be transmitted and processed does not become too large, and the overall duration of the process can thus be kept as short as possible. The acquired sensor signals are fed to the control unit 10 and the control logic 100 in order to calculate a state of the device 20 with all relevant operating components 200. The state indicates at which operating component 200 and / or at which position or at which component of the device 20 a user intervention has been detected. For example, ifWhen a disposable item is brought near device 20, this is automatically detected by suitable sensors (optical sensors and / or proximity sensors). Preferably, passively operated transponders (i.e., without their own power supply) are used as sensors, which wirelessly transmit their detected sensor signals and data (e.g., via radio waves) to an actively operated receiver (reader), such as RFID tags and / or NFC sensors. Depending on the calculated state or the detected sensor signals, a current and specific graphical and / or textual output is generated in step b for display on screen D. The output is displayed on screen D in step c and can, for example, include at least one newly generated image page 500 with a two- or three-dimensional representation of the detected disposable item and additional graphical outputs for the disposable item, e.g.,with instructions on what to consider when inserting the item into the respective operating unit 200 or into the device 20. Furthermore, markings can sometimes be displayed to assist the user during operation. These markings indicate positions on the device 20 and / or positions on the operating units 200 that must be operated next. Thus, the state-dependent control of the display D also includes a time aspect. This guides the user both with regard to the components to be operated and with regard to when and in what sequence these components or operating units 200 must be operated. After a display output has been generated and shown on the display D, the further operation of the device 20 can again be monitored via the sensor unit S. This is represented in Fig. 4 by the arrow from step c to step a.Otherwise, the process ends or is repeated. It is important to note that a changed image page is always displayed as a state-dependent output whenever a state change has been detected on a device 200. Fig. 5 shows an example of such a screen output in an application for a heparin pump 206. After the sensor unit S has detected an intervention on the heparin pump 206 and has determined that no heparin syringe 207 has yet been inserted, a state-specific output 500 is automatically generated, which guides the user through their next steps. The user then inserts a syringe into the syringe holder. According to the invention, this is detected by sensors in the wing holders. Regardless of the content currently displayed on the display D, the display output is now modified according to the invention. In particular, a new image page 500 is displayed, showing a zoomed three-dimensional representation 501 of the syringe holder (on the left side in Fig. 5) and a state-specific information field 502 (on the right side in Fig. 5).The size, position, and / or type of the fields can be configured according to the invention. The three-dimensional representation 501 relates to a technical component (here: heparin syringe 207) intended for interaction with an operating device 200 (here: heparin pump 206). The indicator field 502 can comprise at least one text field 5021 and / or at least one marker field 5022. The marker field serves to display instructions (e.g., in the form of arrows pointing to operating elements shown in the image 501) for the corresponding positions in the image 501 that are to be operated next. Preferably, the content of the text field 5021 corresponds to the instruction shown in the marker field 5022. The instruction can also be in the form of a highlight or markings in the image 501.The display page 500 can additionally include confirmation fields 504, which serve to capture a user-entered confirmation signal. This confirmation signal can be forwarded, along with the signals from the sensor unit S, to the control unit 10 for further display control. The information field 502 thus includes all relevant information regarding what must be observed when inserting the syringe. In a variant of the invention, the information field 502 also includes error messages that alert the user to possible errors during the imminent operation. For example, the information field can also include a warning message if the sensor unit S has detected that a heparin syringe 207 is to be used without a Luer-lock connection. The message can describe that the connection between the heparin syringe 207 and the tubing system can detach and thus represents a potential hazard. To insert and connect the heparin syringe 207, several operating steps must be performed in a specific sequence on the heparin pump 206. According to the invention, the user is supported and guided by the output of corresponding instructions 502 on the display D in the appropriate sequence. For example, the following instructions can be displayed in field 502 with a corresponding marker in field 501, each assigned to the component: - Connect the heparin syringe 207 to the arterial tubing system. - Move the handle 2064 into the lower position by pressing the clamping levers 2065. - Insert the heparin syringe 207 between the clamping levers 2061. The wings 2071 of the syringe barrel must be located between the clamping levers 2061 and the bracket 2062. - Move the handle 2064 into the starting position by pressing the clamping levers 2065. The plunger 2072 of the syringe piston must be located between the clamps 2063 of the handle 2064.- If the plunger of the syringe can no longer be moved without pressing the clamping levers, the heparin syringe 207 has been correctly secured. - If still closed, open the clamp of the heparin line. For the last application case, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the opening of the clamp for the heparin line or the state of the clamp as operating equipment 200 is detected via a corresponding sensor in order to automatically display the associated menu or the respective image page 500 on the display D. For example, if the cover 204 of the extracorporeal blood treatment module is opened during treatment, this is automatically detected by sensors of the sensor unit S, located, for example, on the doors or covers 204, and transmitted to the control unit 10. This indicates an unscheduled intervention. According to the invention, the user can be shown options for operation on the display D corresponding to the presumed situation, such as for interrupting the treatment and instructions for bringing the device 20 into a safe state. In this case, the blood pump stops and the patient is disconnected from the extracorporeal blood circulation module at the venous and arterial access sites by means of hose clamps that must be activated.It proves advantageous that the device 20 can be operated very quickly, precisely, and easily, even by less experienced personnel, in emergencies, as step-by-step instructions for the operating procedures can be provided according to the specific situation. This design increases patient safety. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the operating elements and switches of the device 20, which are to be operated in an emergency, are highlighted in a prominent position on the display D (e.g. by an enlarged or flashing display, a different color scheme or by appropriate animation). According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the generated display output 500 remains visible until the user confirms a final prompt at the end of a description on one of the confirmation fields 504, or acknowledges that a different operation is planned and, for example, that a heparin syringe should not be used after all. A new screen 500 can then be generated, prompting the user to remove the partially or incorrectly inserted syringe. This action is also detected by the sensor unit S. In an advantageous further development, the procedure can be interrupted for the purpose of verification and / or correction. It is provided that the user removes the syringe 207 from the heparin pump 206, for example, for correction, and then reinserts it. This is detected by a sensor. Preferably, the time reference is also recorded, so that the sensor unit S also records when and how often a piece of equipment 200, in this case the heparin pump 206, has been operated. These signals can be processed in the control unit 10 such that the generated screen 500, containing instructions for inserting the heparin syringe 207, continues to be displayed. For example, after inserting the syringe, an initial heparin coupling test is performed, in which approximately 0.5 ml of heparin solution is administered.Before performing the coupling test, the user must check the administered heparin volume at the syringe, as the delivered volume may differ from the amount mentioned above. This check can be displayed on screen 500. Optionally, an explanation can be displayed stating that the delivered volume may need to be considered when calculating the total heparin volume. During treatment, the heparin coupling test is automatically repeated when inserting or changing the syringe and when changing the arterial tubing system, with the corresponding screen 500 displayed on screen D. In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the generated display output and the associated state are stored in a memory. This has the advantage that the output can also be retrieved directly from the memory for other cases if the respective state occurs again. If, in the example shown above, an error occurs at a later time—after the syringe 207 has been removed and reinserted into the heparin pump 206—that necessitates reinserting the syringe, the respective image page 500 can remain displayed before or during the reinsertion of the syringe for the purpose of error analysis, or it can be displayed again if other image pages have been output in the meantime. In a beneficial advanced training, a generated image page 500 can also be stored for displaying other menus on display D. Furthermore, image page 500 and / or the generated displays and / or fields 501, 502, 5021, 5022, 504 can be provided and displayed as preparatory information for the user. In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a correction button is provided on the generated image page 500. When the correction button is pressed, the generated image page 500 remains displayed, or the system jumps back to the image page generated in the previous step, in order to assist the user in the previous step if it needs to be performed again in a corrected form. In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control unit 10 additionally comprises an authorization module designed to exchange data with a proximity sensor and to detect the authorization of an operator approaching the device 20. For this purpose, identification units can be provided, which the operators wear and which serve to uniquely identify the person and to determine their authorization with regard to operating the device. The identification units can be integrated into other electronic components (mobile phone, smartcard, smartwatch, watch, etc.). The data from the identification units can be transmitted, for example, via suitable wireless communication channels, such as radio wave-based channels like NFC or RFID, or via Bluetooth or other protocols for wireless data exchange.According to the invention, the control unit 10 is designed to generate a situation-dependent and state-based output on the display D. The operator's authorization is also factored into the state, so that only those operating steps are displayed for which the approaching operator is authorized. In one embodiment, the use of pump rotors as operating equipment 200 is to be monitored. The tubular roller pumps of the dialysis machines 20 are equipped with spring-loaded rollers that are radially movable. The spring-loaded rollers cause an impermissibly high pressure in the fluid being pumped (blood) if the fluid path downstream of the tubular roller pump becomes blocked. This can lead to blood damage due to hemolysis and, on the other hand, to potential tubing ruptures as a result of overpressure. The spring-loaded roller releases the complete occlusion of the tubing when the fluid pressure exceeds the roller's contact pressure, thus limiting the maximum fluid pressure to the contact pressure determined by the spring. This contact pressure can vary depending on the treatment. For example, special pump rotors are used for pediatric treatments.For this purpose, the pump rotors are interchangeable and, according to the invention, can have identification devices that can be provided, for example, as part of the sensor unit S. The identification device serves to enable the control unit 10 to automatically detect which rotor is being used (for example, as described in DE 10 2010 002 133 A1). The radially movable rotor arms of the pump can be compressed when setting up the machine or device 20 to facilitate the insertion of the hose into the pump bed. According to the invention, in a first, retrospective embodiment, all or selected previously performed operations on the medical device 20 and its operating components 200 are detected by the sensor unit S and used for state-dependent display output. In the example above, this applies both to the operation of the device 20 for replacing the rotor and to the operation by squeezing the rotor arms together, as described above. For this purpose, suitable sensors are provided by the sensor unit S according to the invention. These serve to detect the process on the device 20 or the operating steps performed on the device and its operating components 200. The executed operating steps are represented in a state. Based on this, a state-based output is generated on the display D according to the invention. According to a second, prospective embodiment of the invention, the detected and already executed operations on the medical device 20 and its operating equipment 200 are used via the sensor unit S to calculate future, probable, further operating steps and to use these for state-dependent display output. The state then includes not only the already executed operating steps, but also future or probably intended operating steps. For this purpose, a memory can be provided, which a statistical algorithm accesses for calculation and in which reference data is stored. For example, a subsequent state can always be stored as a reference for a detected state, which the algorithm can access.According to the invention, if sensor signals are detected by the sensor unit S that define a state indicating the execution of a pediatric treatment, a display output with a special pediatric menu is automatically generated. If, on the other hand, the state "insertion of tubing planned" is detected, then step-by-step instructions for inserting the tubing for the respective pump are displayed. Preferably, differentiation can also be made according to the respective operating equipment 200 (i.e., differentiated for a blood pump in single-needle operation or in two-needle operation, or for a substitution pump). In one embodiment of the invention, the display on the screen D is thus triggered by the sensor data from the sensor unit S. This achieves the technical advantage that output signals are generated that are specifically tailored to the detected state of the device 20 with its operating elements 200. It is no longer necessary to navigate through a pre-configured menu, which results in a significant time saving. In another application example, the method according to the invention is applied to a holding device for a dialysis filter as operating equipment 200. For this purpose, sensors are provided that detect whether a dialyzer is inserted. Depending on whether the insertion of a dialyzer and, if applicable, a dialyzer type are detected, a specific display is shown for the subsequent operating steps. The dialyzer type can be determined, for example, by querying sensor data that measure an opening angle of a clamp of the device 20. In summary, the invention aims to calculate a device state based on automatically acquired sensor signals, encompassing all (or only those configured as relevant) operating device states (e.g., flap 1 open, flap 2 closed, switch 1 on, switch 2 off, cover open, etc.). Based on the calculated state, an output is generated for the display. This can be a screen page 500, serving as the start page for a specific operating menu. Finally, it should be noted that the description of the invention and the exemplary embodiments are not to be understood as limiting with regard to a specific physical realization of the invention. All features explained and shown in connection with individual embodiments of the invention can be provided in different combinations in the subject matter of the invention in order to simultaneously realize their advantageous effects. Thus, for example, it is also within the scope of the invention to check the correct operation of other operating components 200 of the medical device 20 in addition to the heparin pump. These may be, for example, manually operated operating components or automatic elements. It is particularly obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention can be applied not only to dialysis machines but also to other medical devices that must be operated and controlled via a display D. Furthermore, the components of the medical device 20 can be distributed across several physical products for the condition-dependent control of the medical device 20 via an adaptively generated display output. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and is not limited by the features explained in the description or shown in the figures. REFERENCE MARK D Display S Sensor unit 10 Control unit 100 Control logic 1001 Driver 1002 Controller 1003 Memory, in particular graphics memory 20 Medical device, in particular dialysis machine 200 Operating equipment 202 Extracorporeal treatment module 204 Cover, in particular door 206 Heparin pump 2061 Tension lever 2062 Retaining bracket 2063 Clamps 2064 Handle 2065 Clamping lever 207 Heparin syringe 2071 Wing of syringe cylinder 2072 Plunger of syringe plunger 208 Blood pump 210 Substitution pump 212 Substitution port 214 Gutter 218 Component group, in particular for venous monitoring 500 Image page, in particular menu page or start menu page 501 Three-dimensional representation of an operating device. 502 Note field 5021 Text field 5022 Marking field 504 Confirmation field a Acquisition of sensor data b Calculation of control commands c State-dependent control of the display

Claims

Medical device (20), in particular a dialysis machine, which is operated and controlled via a display (D), comprising the following data-exchanging modules: - a control unit (10) for controlling a display (D) for operating the medical device (20), which is designed to determine a state of the medical device (20) from detected signals and to calculate control commands for state-dependent control of the display (D) by means of a control logic (100), wherein, depending on the detected state, different state-specific menus are displayed on a display to assist the user in operating the device and / or to indicate any errors and / or next steps; (Original claim 7 in combination with claim 1 and p. 4, no.3-6)- Equipment (200) connected to the medical device (20) and which must be operated for the operation of the medical device (20);- a display (D) on which display outputs from a graphics memory (1003) are displayed for the operation of the medical device (20) and / or its equipment (200);- a sensor unit (S) arranged on the medical device (20) and in particular on all or selected equipment (200) and which is designed to automatically detect a state of the medical device (20) and the respective equipment (200) and to forward it to the control unit (10) for the calculation of the control commands; and wherein a state indicates on which equipment (200) of the device (20) a user intervention has been detected (p. 16 / Z.7+8, where “detected” has been replaced by “captured” to maintain consistency in claim language); where a display output is provided for precisely the device on which a change of state has been captured. (p. 11, lines 1-3). Medical device (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating means (200) is a pump, in particular a heparin pump (206) for receiving a heparin syringe (207), a holding device for a dialysis filter and / or a receiving device for disposable medical articles. Medical device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor unit (S) comprises at least one and preferably several sensors on different components and / or positions of the medical device (20). Medical device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor unit (S) comprises sensors which are arranged on all or selected operating means (200) of the medical device (20) and / or which are configured to detect different physical or chemical measured quantities. Medical device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor unit (S) comprises at least one sensor, switch, button and / or potentiometer. Medical device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit (10) comprises a sensor trigger switch by which it can be activated and deactivated. Method for controlling a display (D) of a medical device (20), which is operated and controlled via the display (D), comprising the following method steps: - Acquiring (a) sensor data representing a state of the medical device (20) with its operating elements (200); - Calculating (b) control commands for state-dependent control (c) of the display (D) depending on the acquired sensor data; - Displaying different state-specific menus depending on the acquired state to assist the user in operating the device and / or to indicate any errors and / or next steps, wherein a state indicates on which operating element (200) of the device (20) a user intervention has been detected (p. 16 / Z.7+8, where “detected” has been replaced by “captured” to maintain consistency in claim language); and where an output is displayed on the screen (D) for exactly that piece of equipment (200) on which a change of state has been captured (p. 11, lines 1-3). Method according to claim 7, wherein the state comprises at least one state variable and wherein, in particular, each state variable characterizes a state of each of an operating resource (200). Method according to one of claims 7 or 8, wherein the operation of a respective operating means (200) for the operation of the medical device (20) comprises a sequence of operating steps and wherein each operating step is assigned to at least one display output. Method according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the output on the display (D) comprises an interactive user guidance with a sequence of preferably hierarchically structured operating menu representations with submenu representations for each operating device (200), wherein the sequence of operating menu representations is determined depending on the acquired sensor data. Method according to one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the output on the display (D) is for interactive user guidance during operation or during an upgrade of the medical device (20), and wherein, depending on the sensor data acquired, an operating menu display is selected for such an operating device on which a change of state has been detected. Computer program product for a medical device (20) that can be loaded into an internal memory of a digital computing unit and comprises software routines with which the steps of the method according to claims 7 to 11 are carried out when the software routines are executed on the digital computing unit.

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