Method for assisting a driver of a motor vehicle in operating the motor vehicle, driving instructor device, and motor vehicle

Abstract

Method for assisting a driver (12) of a motor vehicle (10) in operating the motor vehicle (10), wherein a driving trainer device (26): - determines a traffic management situation based on the position of the motor vehicle (10) and a digital map in which information on the road layout is linked to the position, in which the motor vehicle (10) is located (S1), - receives at least one driving situation signal from a sensor device (24) that describes the actual driving behavior carried out by the driver (12) in the detected traffic situation when performing a driving maneuver (S2), - checks the actual driving behavior to determine whether it meets a predetermined minimum level of control in driving the motor vehicle (10), or whether it meets a predetermined uncertainty criterion that describes a failure to meet the predetermined minimum level of control in performing the driving maneuver (S3), whereby the predetermined uncertainty criterion is met if the driving trainer device (26) determines, based on the received sensor signal, that the actual driving behavior includes: a frequency of the driver's gaze cascades (12) above a predetermined threshold; and / or a predetermined irregularity of the driver's gaze cascades (12); and / or a body movement or a series of body movements by the driver. - only if the actual driving behavior meets the specified uncertainty criterion: a traffic rule that applies to the motor vehicle (10) in the identified traffic situation, and / or specifies a target driving behavior of the driver (12) (S4), and - provides a training signal that describes the specified traffic rule and / or the specified target driving behavior (S5).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for assisting a driver of a motor vehicle in operating the motor vehicle. The method can also be referred to as a driver training method.

[0002] Many drivers of motor vehicles are confronted with various uncertainties regarding traffic rules in everyday life, for example whether one has right of way when entering a bicycle street, or whether one is allowed to announce one's intention to overtake with a flash of headlights within built-up areas.

[0003] In many countries around the world, a driver's license is required to operate a motor vehicle. Obtaining a license usually requires passing both a theoretical and a practical exam. Once a driver's license has been obtained, their driving qualifications are not subject to further review or updates over the years.

[0004] Over the years of driving, one's knowledge and understanding of traffic regulations can change. The daily commute to work is easily managed, and the routine trip to weekly football practice is also no problem.

[0005] However, as soon as driving situations arise that are not part of regular routine, difficulties or uncertainties can occur. Questions that might then arise include, for example, who has the right of way in a multi-lane roundabout or how to behave at an intersection with a lowered curb. In such cases of uncertainty, the unclear situation can usually be resolved through communication, and each party can proceed on their own. Nevertheless, the underlying theory may remain incomplete and could potentially have less favorable consequences in a subsequent situation.

[0006] Looking up the relevant traffic regulations later or conducting online research can be perceived as inconvenient, and there's a high probability that a driver will repeatedly postpone doing so and perhaps even forget altogether. Currently, there's no convenient way to refresh or supplement one's theoretical knowledge, especially immediately after an unclear situation while driving.

[0007] DE 10 2013 019 424 A1 describes a method for operating a vehicle system for monitoring a driver in a motor vehicle who only has a driver's license under supervision.

[0008] DE 10 2013 217 531 A1 proposes a method for informing a driver of a vehicle, wherein traffic signs present in the vicinity of the vehicle are detected, wherein a current driving situation is assessed to determine whether it is a routine journey, wherein, based on at least one predefined criterion, it is assessed whether a detected traffic sign is of interest to the driver in the current driving situation, and wherein a notification of the traffic sign is issued to the driver depending on the result of these assessments or is suppressed, and a driver information system is used to carry out the method.

[0009] From DE 10 2015 217 659 A1 a method is known for providing driver information in a motor vehicle that goes beyond a mere reproduction of a traffic restriction valid at or from a position, which includes the recognition of a traffic restriction applicable at or from the position.

[0010] US 4 058 796 A describes a driver assistance system in which driving conditions corresponding to a driver's driving operation in a vehicle are recorded to obtain a variation pattern of driving conditions, whereby the variation of driving conditions with time and the degree of deviation of the variation pattern from the normal pattern inherent to the driver is calculated, whereby information to support the driver's driving operation is generated according to the results of the calculation.

[0011] DE 10 2012 200 182 A1 discloses a method for assisting a driver of a vehicle in complying with traffic regulations, wherein a traffic regulation valid for a route travelled is determined, wherein the driving behavior of the vehicle is recorded, wherein the recorded driving behavior is compared with the traffic regulation, wherein a control command is generated if the driving behavior deviates from the traffic regulation, and wherein the deviation of the driving behavior from the traffic regulation is stored as an error.

[0012] From DE 100 01 261 A1, a method for evaluating driving style is known, involving the continuous recording of the current driving state and the current traffic situation, and the determination of a reference driving state corresponding to the current traffic situation. This reference driving state represents a desirable driving state in the relevant traffic situation according to a predefined evaluation criterion. The recorded current driving state is evaluated by comparison with the corresponding determined reference driving state according to the evaluation criterion, and one or more feedback messages about the driving style during a previous traffic situation are subsequently provided.

[0013] Current technology offers solutions if the driver makes a mistake, comparing actual driving behavior with desired driving behavior. However, if the driver only drives correctly by chance in a particular traffic situation—for example, if the driver only drives correctly because the behavior of other drivers leaves them no other option—then the learning effect is lost.

[0014] One of the problems underlying the invention is to increase the reliability of a precise refresher course in driving theory.

[0015] The problem is solved by the inventive method and the inventive devices according to the dependent claims. Advantageous embodiments are given by the sub-claims.

[0016] The invention is based on the idea of ​​providing the appropriate traffic rule and / or recommended driving behavior for a specific traffic situation only if the driver is uncertain in that situation. The driver training therefore does not occur purely in response to a user request or when the driver makes a mistake, but rather when the driver is not confidently handling the traffic situation, i.e., when they are measurably uncertain about what to do in a given traffic situation.For this purpose, in a specific traffic management situation, i.e., a situation with a given road layout and a given traffic situation, meaning whether, for example, other motor vehicles are involved, how the other motor vehicles drive and are positioned, it is evaluated whether, for example, driving settings and / or behavior of the driver in the motor vehicle suggests that the driver is driving his motor vehicle confidently in this traffic management situation or is uncertain.

[0017] If a driver deliberately parks their vehicle incorrectly, this does not result in the driver being shown the parking regulations according to the signage for the observed traffic situation. However, if the driver parks correctly but, for example, by hesitantly moving forward and backward, or by partially parking, then pulling out, driving away again, and then returning, it becomes apparent that the driver ultimately had difficulty recognizing whether or not they were allowed to park there despite the parking permit, a report or log will be prepared for this traffic situation, including the relevant traffic regulations and the current signage. The driver can then be immediately informed why they are allowed to park correctly and will handle this situation much more confidently in the future, either at this location or at a similar one.

[0018] In other words, the invention is based on recognizing and reacting to uncertainty or unsafe behavior by a vehicle user. Even if the driver is unaware of their uncertainty, or simply unaware of it, the system offers advantages such as a learning effect. It also allows for the detection and targeted correction of both unknowingly correct and intentionally incorrect maneuvers. Even in situations where a driver, out of sheer ignorance, handles a situation correctly—for example, if they always politely let a pedestrian cross at a crosswalk—the driver may feel uneasy or insecure. Although they ultimately acted correctly, the driver training system according to the invention provides appropriate feedback, leaving them feeling more comfortable and confident.The inventive method and devices can therefore be used to provide targeted guidance on traffic education.

[0019] In other words, the invention provides retrospective training, for example, following one or more trips. Unsafe behavior or even specific errors can be observed over a longer period in order to derive recommendations for traffic improvements. Any user error can thus be recorded much more reliably and generally, for example, that the user forgets to use their turn signal at every intersection with priority roads. This approach allows for the identification and correction of many more fundamental deficiencies than is possible with conventional methods.

[0020] Uncertainties can therefore be specifically "trained away", which generally makes the driver's driving behavior safer.

[0021] Measuring and / or detecting uncertainties in the handling of the motor vehicle can be achieved, for example, through scattered gaze behavior, more defensive acceleration behavior, and so on.

[0022] The inventive method for assisting a driver of a motor vehicle in operating the vehicle is carried out by a driving instructor device, preferably by a driving instructor device of the motor vehicle itself. A driving instructor device is understood to be a device, a device component, or a group of devices that is configured to receive and evaluate sensor signals, process data, and generate control signals. The method can therefore also be described as a computer-implemented method. The driving instructor device can, for example, be designed as a control chip or control unit.

[0023] The driving simulator determines a traffic situation based on the vehicle's position and a digital map that links this position with information about the road layout in which the driver's vehicle is located. A traffic situation is defined as a situation in road traffic with a road layout and traffic conditions that may include only the driver's vehicle or also other road users, as well as a driving maneuver that the driver intends to perform and / or is performing. Examples of a traffic situation include entering a roundabout or following a priority road that curves and encounters oncoming traffic that also intends to turn.

[0024] The driving instructor receives at least one driving situation signal from a sensor device. A sensor device is defined as a device or group of devices for detecting a characteristic of the driver and / or the vehicle, wherein the sensor device comprises at least one corresponding sensor, for example, a rotary encoder, a speedometer, and an interior camera. The sensor device is preferably a sensor device of the vehicle. The driving situation signal generated by the sensor device and transmitted to the driving instructor describes the actual driving behavior performed by the driver in the detected traffic situation while executing a driving maneuver within the detected traffic situation, and / or at least one driving parameter from which the actual driving behavior can be derived.This can be, for example, a driving setting, such as speed, pedal position, and / or a series of steering movements; and / or a body movement of the driver or a series of body movements of the driver. In other words, the driving situation signal can describe a vehicle parameter, a driving parameter, and / or user behavior.

[0025] The driving instructor system uses the received driving situation signal to assess whether the actual driving behavior meets a predefined minimum level of driving proficiency or whether it meets a predefined uncertainty criterion, which describes a shortfall in the predefined minimum level of driving proficiency during the driving maneuver. The predefined uncertainty criterion is met if the driving instructor system, based on the received sensor signal, identifies the following as the actual driving behavior: a predefined frequency of the driver's gaze patterns; and / or a predefined irregularity in the driver's gaze patterns; and / or a body movement or a series of body movements by the driver. These are particularly characteristic indicators of driving uncertainty.Very rapid, constantly changing glances from the driver, with a frequency exceeding a predefined threshold, can, for example, be associated with a very low level of composure, as can a series of frantic steering movements on a very clear, straight stretch of road. If, for example, the driver is turning and the vehicle is moving along a straight trajectory, and the sensor system detects not frantic braking and acceleration, but rather a smooth stop before the intersection, the use of the turn signal while stopped, and a calm start and turn into the correct lane, this can be an indicator of a high level of composure.

[0026] Only if the actual driving behavior meets the specified uncertainty criterion does the driving instructor system define a traffic rule applicable to the driver's vehicle in the observed traffic situation, and / or a target driving behavior for the driver. If the driver appears particularly uncertain, the driving instructor system can, for example, retrieve a traffic rule from an internet database or a vehicle-internal database and define an ideal trajectory for turning at the example intersection for learning purposes. In other words, the driving instructor system only defines information regarding traffic situation-specific driving behavior if the specified uncertainty criterion is met.

[0027] The driving trainer device provides a training signal, i.e., it generates one, where the provided training signal describes the defined traffic rule and / or the defined target driving behavior. Preferably, the driving trainer device can output the provided training signal, transmit it to a display device in the vehicle, or, for example, create a digital log that the driver can retrieve after the drive. In both cases, the driver can then, for example, view a camera image of the intersection on a screen of the display device, read the corresponding traffic rule, and be presented with a graphic that shows the correct trajectory in this traffic situation.In the example of the parking situation where the driver parks correctly but is clearly unsure for a long time whether he is even allowed to park there, the driver can, for example, see a camera image of the parking space, highlighting a traffic sign regulating parking. The corresponding explanation or traffic rule for the parking sign can also be displayed.

[0028] The aforementioned advantages result. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the specified uncertainty criterion can be met if the driving instructor device, based on the received sensor signal, additionally determines the following as actual driving behavior: a pedal position that deviates from a pedal position specified by the target behavior; and / or a steering behavior that deviates from a pedal position specified by the target driving behavior. These are particularly characteristic indicators of uncertainty in driving.

[0029] According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the driving trainer device can transmit the provided training signal either to an output device of the motor vehicle while the motor vehicle is in the defined traffic situation, and / or after the motor vehicle has performed the driving maneuver through the defined traffic situation; and / or transmit the provided training signal to a data storage device to provide a driver log. An output device is understood to be a device or device component for outputting content, i.e., for displaying image content and / or outputting audio content. These possibilities result in a particularly effective learning effect.

[0030] A so-called "Driver Score" or "Driving Score" can be advantageously generated if the driving instructor system determines the frequency of identical or similar driving behavior in identical or similar traffic situations and / or at the same geographical coordinates. In other words, the driving instructor system can, for example, count the frequency of turn signal use or omission when driving on a priority road with a bend at the same intersection each time and calculate a frequency from this, or on all priority roads with bends where the vehicle is driven, for example, within a month. This allows the driving instructor system to prioritize and analyze which traffic situations have a particularly high need for additional driver training.Driver-specific deficits and particular difficulties can be specifically addressed through targeted training.

[0031] During advanced training, the driving instructor can record and summarize the frequency of the same driving behavior observed over several trips. Such an analysis of trip logs regarding recurring uncertainties at the same location or in the same situation can enable even more driver-specific training.

[0032] The problem stated above is solved by a driving instructor device configured to perform one or more of the embodiments of the inventive method described above. The advantages already mentioned result. Preferably, the driving instructor device may include a processor, i.e., a device component for electronic data processing, wherein the optional processor may include at least one microcontroller and / or at least one microprocessor. Optionally, the driving instructor device may include a data storage device, for example, a memory card or a memory chip, or be configured as another type of data storage device.Preferably, the optional data storage device can contain program code designed to cause the driving instructor device, when executed by the processor device, to perform one or more of the embodiments of the method according to the invention described above.

[0033] The problem stated above is solved by a motor vehicle that has an embodiment of the driving trainer device according to the invention.

[0034] The invention also includes further developments of the driving trainer device and the motor vehicle according to the invention, which have features already described in connection with the further developments of the method according to the invention. For this reason, the corresponding further developments of the driving trainer device and the motor vehicle according to the invention are not described again here.

[0035] The motor vehicle according to the invention can preferably be designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car or truck, or as a passenger bus or motorcycle.

[0036] The invention also includes combinations of the features of the described embodiments.

[0037] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below. The single figure (“Fig.”) shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of the method and devices according to the invention.

[0038] The exemplary embodiments described below are preferred embodiments of the invention. In these exemplary embodiments, the described components each represent individual features of the invention, which can be considered independently of one another and each further develops the invention independently. Therefore, the disclosure is intended to include combinations of features of the embodiments other than those shown. Furthermore, the described embodiments can also be supplemented by further features of the invention already described.

[0039] In the figures, identical reference symbols denote functionally equivalent elements.

[0040] The figure illustrates the principle of the method and device according to the invention using an exemplary embodiment. For this purpose, the figure shows a motor vehicle 10 belonging to a driver 12. The motor vehicle 10 can, for example, be a passenger car.

[0041] A sensor device 14 of the motor vehicle 10 can, for example, include one or more external cameras 16, which can, for example, film the respective traffic situation, which may also include, for example, another motor vehicle 18; and / or one or more interior cameras 20, which can preferably film the driver 12; and / or a rotary angle sensor 22 of a steering wheel; and / or a sensor 24 for detecting a pedal position.

[0042] A driving instructor device 26, which may be designed as a control unit, for example, can communicate with the sensor device 14 via a data communication link 28. The data communication link 28 can be, for example, a wired data communication link 28, such as a data bus of the motor vehicle 10. Alternatively, the data communication link 28 can be a wireless data communication link 28, such as a WLAN or Bluetooth connection. The driving instructor device 26 in the figure also shows the optional processor device 30 and the optional data storage 32.

[0043] Using the sensors of the sensor device 14, the driving instructor device 26 can determine the traffic situation in process step S1. For this purpose, the camera image from the example external camera 16 can be evaluated. Optionally, a navigation device can also provide, for example, GPS data from the vehicle 10, which the driving instructor device 26 can use to evaluate, for example, a digital map in which the GPS data can be linked to information about the road layout, such as a priority road with a bend or an intersection without signs.Furthermore, a so-called "heading" can be performed, i.e., determining the direction of travel of the motor vehicle 10 based on, for example, the position data, such as GPS data, which can be obtained, for example, from a magnetic field measurement of a compass (not shown in the figure) and / or an inertial measurement unit (IMU), i.e., a spatial combination of several inertial sensors such as accelerometers and yaw rate sensors (not shown in the figure). The camera image from the exemplary external camera 16 can provide an image of traffic signs at the priority road where the road bends, or, in another example, an image or video of the intersection without signs or traffic lights, but with other road users.

[0044] The driving trainer device 26 also receives one or more driving situation signals that describe the actual driving behavior during the execution of the driving maneuver, or based on which the driving trainer device 26 can determine or define the actual driving behavior (S2). For this purpose, for example, a frequency and / or movement of eye movements can be detected; in addition, preferably the pedal position, which also includes, for example, cautious braking or acceleration or firm and thus confident braking or acceleration, as well as a frequency with which the driver 12 operates a pedal, and steering behavior can be detected.

[0045] As explained above, the driving simulator can have 26 different categories and thus different levels of driving proficiency predefined, as well as a minimum level of proficiency required to ensure that a predefined uncertainty criterion is not met. In the example shown in the figure, the other vehicle 18 could, for instance, approach the intersection from the left at the same time. Very rapid and frequent glances, hesitant braking, and possibly rapid switching between braking, accelerating, and braking again could be identified as unsafe behavior in test procedure S3, for example. Therefore, in the example shown in the figure, the predefined uncertainty criterion could be met.

[0046] For example, the traffic rule can be determined using the aforementioned digital map, which ideally can also link traffic rules relevant to the intersection, such as the "right before left" rule, or, if the vehicle 10 is on a priority road with a bend, the "use turn signal when driving through the priority road with a bend" rule (S4). Alternatively, traffic rules specific to the traffic management situation (or corresponding target driving behavior) can be queried from the exemplary data storage 32 of the driving trainer device 26.

[0047] In the example of the figure, the driving trainer device 26 can, for example, provide a training signal (S5) that describes, for example, the camera image of the external camera 16, a text about the traffic rule "right before left", optionally also an animation of the other motor vehicle 18 that stops, and an animation of the own motor vehicle 10 that drives over the intersection.

[0048] The training signal provided by the driving trainer device 26 can be transmitted, for example, to a display unit of the vehicle 10 (S6); optionally after the user requests such a display via a menu of the infotainment system, but preferably without any dependence on an operating action; or the driving trainer device 26 can transmit the training signal to the data storage device 32 (S7) and additionally provide a driving log, for example, in written form (S8). Optionally, the training signal can also be transmitted to, for example, an application program ("app") of a mobile device, such as the driver's smartphone 12 (S6), so that the driver can use the application program to create a summary of their driving training and, for example, post it on a social network. This has particularly high educational value.

[0049] For extended driver training, the driver training facility 26 can, for example, determine the frequency of the driver's unsafe driving behavior over a whole month (S8), which can also be used to determine, for example, whether the driver has heeded or internalized the driver training, i.e., whether progress has been made.

[0050] A protocol, and thus a summary of such a determined frequency, can, for example, be made available to an insurance company after approval by driver 12. This company could then, for example, adjust an insurance rate as a reward for consistent driver training if it is determined that driver 12 has learned from a situation that was previously always difficult for him.

[0051] Overall, the examples show how the invention can provide traffic training, preferably traffic training while driving.

[0052] The idea is that the vehicle 10 detects uncertainties (S3) and subsequently provides clarification regarding these traffic management situations. Uncertainties can thus be reduced or even eliminated. The vehicle 10 offers the user, i.e., the driver, the opportunity to refresh or update their skills and knowledge of traffic regulations or comparable rules as needed.

[0053] According to another embodiment, the desired information can, for example, be explicitly requested by the user, for instance via a voice assistant or the entertainment system. The motor vehicle 10 detects a situational uncertainty on the part of the user based on the driving behavior and / or other sensors of the sensor device 14 and then illustrates the theory relating to the situation in a suitable situation or at the end of the journey.

[0054] Optionally, all of the driver's uncertainties can be logged, and the driver can then view a report for a single trip or an aggregated summary of recurring uncertainties, for example, in a smartphone application, after the trip.

[0055] This procedure allows users to refresh their knowledge of traffic regulations. Participants in supervised driving programs, for example before or after passing a driving test, can also use the procedure to prepare for an exam.

[0056] Optionally, rules not directly related to traffic flow can also be explicitly recorded, for example, rules regarding parking in any location within a traffic-calmed zone. Optionally, not only driver uncertainty but also, for example, obvious misconduct can trigger the logging process.

[0057] In another exemplary technical implementation, the driving instructor device 26, which can be designed as a control unit, for example, can detect driver uncertainty (S2, S3) using the sensors of the sensor device 14. This could be indicated, for example, by scattered gaze patterns (measurable, for example, by a driver observation camera), by conspicuous acceleration / braking behavior, or by short distances to other road users or obstacles (measurable, for example, via bus communication). The exemplary control unit can record this situation in a trip log. This log preferably contains the date, time, geolocation, and heading of the event and can optionally be enriched with further sensor values, such as the number of occupants and camera data from all interior and / or exterior cameras.

[0058] Optionally, a logic function within the example control unit can then generate a request to inform the driver about a detected uncertainty. This request can either be fulfilled immediately, and the driver informed about the traffic situation directly after the uncertainty occurs. The recorded elements of the log, such as the data, time, geolocation, and direction of travel, can be displayed so that the driver can recall the situation. The right-of-way rules applicable at the geolocation for the detected direction of travel, or other relevant elements of the underlying traffic regulations, can preferably also be displayed to the user. Technically, this comparison could, for example, be carried out using a map enriched with elements of the traffic regulations.

[0059] Alternatively or additionally, all identified uncertainties, including any explanations, can be displayed as an overview at the end of the trip, allowing the user to understand and evaluate their journey. Optionally, the number of uncertainties can also be factored into a Driving Score, which concisely reflects the success or failure of a trip and allows for comparisons with other road users.

[0060] Optionally, multiple trip logs can be analyzed together. This would allow, for example, the identification of frequent uncertainties at the same location, and this information could be displayed to the user. This enables the user to monitor their fundamental difficulties in adhering to traffic regulations. Optionally, these aggregated uncertainties can form a kind of driving score, providing an objective metric and allowing for comparison with other road users.

Claims

[1] Method for assisting a driver (12) of a motor vehicle (10) in operating the motor vehicle (10), wherein a driving trainer device (26): - determines a traffic management situation based on the position of the motor vehicle (10) and a digital map in which information on the road layout is linked to the position, in which the motor vehicle (10) is located (S1), - receives at least one driving situation signal from a sensor device (24) that describes the actual driving behavior carried out by the driver (12) in the detected traffic situation when performing a driving maneuver (S2), - checks the actual driving behavior to determine whether it meets a predetermined minimum level of control in driving the motor vehicle (10), or whether it meets a predetermined uncertainty criterion that describes a failure to meet the predetermined minimum level of control in performing the driving maneuver (S3), whereby the predetermined uncertainty criterion is met if the driving trainer device (26) determines, based on the received sensor signal, that the actual driving behavior includes: a frequency of the driver's gaze cascades (12) above a predetermined threshold; and / or a predetermined irregularity of the driver's gaze cascades (12); and / or a body movement or a series of body movements by the driver. - only if the actual driving behavior meets the specified uncertainty criterion: a traffic rule that applies to the motor vehicle (10) in the identified traffic situation, and / or specifies a target driving behavior of the driver (12) (S4), and - provides a training signal that describes the specified traffic rule and / or the specified target driving behavior (S5). [2] Method according to claim 1, wherein the specified uncertainty criterion is met if the driving trainer device (26) determines, based on the received sensor signal, the following as actual driving behavior: a pedal position that deviates from a pedal position specified by the target driving behavior; and / or a steering behavior that deviates from a pedal position specified by the target driving behavior. [3] Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the driving trainer device (26): a) transmits the provided training signal to an output device of the motor vehicle (10) (S6) while the motor vehicle (10) is in the specified traffic situation and / or after the motor vehicle has performed the driving maneuver through the specified traffic situation; and / or b) transmits the provided training signal to a data storage device to provide a driving log (S7). [4] Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the driving trainer device (26) determines a frequency of the same actual driving behavior under the same identified traffic management situations and / or at the same geographical coordinates (S8); and wherein the predetermined uncertainty criterion is met if the frequency of a deviation of the actual driving behavior from the specified target driving behavior determined during a journey exceeds a predetermined threshold. [5] Method according to claim 4, wherein the driving trainer device (26) records and summarizes the determined frequency of the same actual driving behavior for several journeys. [6] Driving instructor device (26) configured to perform a method according to any of the preceding claims. [7] Motor vehicle (10) comprising a driving trainer device (26) according to claim 6.

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