System and detection device for checking a condition of at least one component of a vehicle and method for checking a condition

Abstract

System (100) for checking a condition of at least one component on a vehicle (5), comprising - a detection device (10) which detects information in the form of a data set (19) in a defined area on the vehicle, the defined area comprising the at least one component to be checked, and - an evaluation device (20) to which the data set (19) is provided by the detection device, wherein the evaluation device (20) is configured to determine the state of the at least one component on the basis of the detected data set (19), wherein the detection device (10) is fastened to the vehicle (5), characterized in that the detection device (10) is both movable and pivotable.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for checking a condition of at least one component of a vehicle, a detection device for the system and a method for checking a condition.

[0002] It is known from the prior art that a vehicle can be on the road without a driver as part of autonomous driving. For example, the vehicle can be a commercial vehicle, in particular a truck. The inspection of safety-relevant and load-bearing parts of the vehicle before setting off has typically been carried out by a driver, for example by visual inspection. If the driver is unavailable, this task must be carried out by an additional person. Furthermore, the prior art knows devices that automatically or actively emit signals or information that provide information about the current status of a component. DE 10 2004 006 295 B4 shows a device for monitoring a physical parameter of a wheel mounted on a vehicle, wherein the device is mounted on the wheel.DE 10 2016 012 052 A1 concerns a device for pre-departure control of a vehicle with an external video system for recording and storing image data of the vehicle. According to various legal regulations (e.g., BGG 915 of the German Social Accident Insurance), the lighting, wheels, brakes, engine and drive, steering, cab and instruments, body, load securing, and trailer operation, among other things, must be tested before starting a journey.

[0003] In order to fully realize autonomous driving, the object of the invention is to find a way to perform the pre-trip check fully automatically and also to automatically detect potential technical problems early on during the journey. The system used should be as cost-effective and material-efficient as possible.

[0004] DE 10 2018 002 966 A1 concerns a departure check in which the presence of a living being or an object in the area below the vehicle is detected and a warning signal is issued.

[0005] DE 10 2016 012 052 A1 discloses a device for conducting a pre-departure check for a vehicle. The device comprises a video system with at least one camera for recording and storing image data of the vehicle.

[0006] From US 2018 0 096 541 A1 it is known to use a drone to identify an identification device or license plate on a commercial vehicle.

[0007] US 2019 0 130 671 A1 concerns a system for documenting vehicle information. US 2018 0 232 969 A1 concerns a drone for a ship.

[0008] Parcel delivery companies are familiar with drones that are assigned to transport vehicles to deliver the parcels.

[0009] DE 11 2016 007 265 T5 concerns an unmanned vehicle (UAV) which can inspect an autonomous vehicle between its journeys and can be transported by the autonomous vehicle before or after the inspection.

[0010] This object is achieved by a system according to claim 1, a detection device according to claim 8 and a method according to claim 9. Further

[0011] Advantages and features emerge from the dependent claims as well as the description and the attached figures.

[0012] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a system for checking a condition of at least one component on a vehicle, in particular on a commercial vehicle, is provided, comprising - a detection device which detects information in the form of a data set in a defined area on the vehicle, the defined area comprising the at least one component to be checked, and- an evaluation device to which the data set is provided, wherein the evaluation device is configured to determine the condition of the at least one component based on the recorded data set, wherein the recording device is attached to the vehicle and in particular can be carried on the vehicle at least temporarily. In contrast to the systems known from the prior art for checking the condition of components, the invention provides for information to be recorded in a defined area on the vehicle. In this way, for example, several components can advantageously be checked as part of a departure check. The collected information can then be forwarded in the form of a data set, preferably via wireless transmission, to an evaluation device and analyzed there. Alternatively, the data can also be forwarded via cable.The evaluation device comprises, for example, a computer designed to determine the condition of the component being checked based on the recorded data set. The evaluation device can be integrated into the vehicle or into an external control center. If the data set includes, for example, an optically recorded image, a comparison can be made with one or more target images to assess the condition of the component. The departure check can be carried out fully automatically in this way. Alternatively, it can also be carried out remotely by a person or at least partially monitored by a person, for example in the form of a semi-automated departure check. Because the recording device can be carried on board the vehicle, a departure check is possible at any location and, in particular, regardless of the measuring equipment or personnel present at the departure location.In this case, it is preferably provided that, at least during acquisition of the data set, a distance of at least 10 cm, preferably at least 30 cm, and particularly preferably at least 50 cm, exists between the detection device and the defined area, at least temporarily, preferably always. The detection device is thus advantageously spaced from the defined area.

[0013] The detection device preferably comprises a sensor that is based, for example, on the detection and / or transmission of electromagnetic waves and / or sound waves. This can be, for example, a video camera that collects information in the form of optical recordings, preferably in the form of one or more images, of a defined area in or on the vehicle and thus, for example, detects one or more components of the vehicle. A recorded image can then preferably be processed with the aid of an image evaluation program of the evaluation device and, for example, compared with a target image in order to determine changes in the area or in one or more components. However, measurements in the infrared spectral range using infrared sensors are also conceivable, for example to check the temperature of one or more components and, for example, to detect overheating in good time.It is conceivable to monitor the temperature of the brake discs in this way. Other conceivable sensors could include light sensors, radar sensors, laser-based measuring systems, ultrasonic sensors and microphones. Microphones can be used to monitor noises during vehicle operation in order to detect engine stuttering at an early stage, for example. However, other types of sensors are also conceivable. Temperature measuring devices such as resistance thermometers or thermocouples can be used to check the temperature of one or more components. A pressure sensor is also conceivable and could be used, for example, to check tire pressure. Strain gauges can be used to detect deformations in components such as the body.The use of a Hall effect probe is also conceivable, for example, to check the shielding of electrical cables or voltage converters in a vehicle, especially in an electric vehicle. Strong magnetic fields, for example, could negatively affect the vehicle's control electronics. In principle, it is also conceivable for the detection device to consist of several sensors; in particular, a combination of different sensors is also possible. Comparing the measured values of different sensors can provide greater reliability. In addition, a more detailed analysis of a component can be enabled. For example, it could be detected if a component has deformed due to overheating by simultaneously monitoring the shape and temperature of the component.Particularly preferably, the detection device comprises a data collection device that is in contact with a plurality of sensors and collects the information emitted by the sensors and forwards it to the evaluation device. The data collection device can be spaced from the sensors, for example, at least 10 cm, preferably at least 20 cm, and particularly preferably at least 50 cm.

[0014] According to the invention, the detection device is movable and pivotable, preferably about one, two, or three axes. For example, the detection device, in particular the data collection device, can be positioned on a moving means. According to the invention, the detection device is both movable and pivotable. Thus, by appropriately aligning the detection device, even remote areas to be detected can be examined with one detection device, in particular a single detection device.

[0015] The detection device, in particular the means of movement, can be, for example, a mobile or flying drone, a carriage on a rail system, a swivel arm, which is optionally also telescopic, and / or a support body, which is, for example, attached to traction and / or guide cables. For example, a drone can be attached to the vehicle when at rest and only activated when required, which can save energy. Advantageously, it is conceivable for the detection device and / or the means of movement to have a drive. This drive can be electric, pneumatic, hydraulic and / or mechanical. Due to its mobility, the detection device can advantageously be used in several locations. This can, among other things, save costs because fewer detection devices are required overall to cover all of the relevant components of the vehicle.The rail system preferably extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. For example, the rail system is attached to the top and / or bottom of a trailer. The rail system is preferably arranged centrally and / or at the edge regions of the top and / or bottom of the vehicle, in particular the trailer, as viewed in the transverse direction.

[0016] The detection device preferably detects a plurality of defined areas, each defined area comprising at least one component to be checked. This can be made possible on the one hand by the mobility or location-variability of the detection device. On the other hand, the detection device can also be rotatable or pivotable and thus cover, i.e. detect, several areas from one location. “Detecting” is preferably understood to mean the recording or reception of a data set. Alternatively, it is also conceivable for the detection device to cover a plurality of areas located one behind the other or next to one another and to detect a different area in each case, for example by changing the focus and / or filtering out parts of the recorded information.

[0017] Preferably, the detection device is positioned at least temporarily outside the vehicle and / or on the exterior of the vehicle. This advantageously makes it possible to also check external components of the vehicle, such as one or more tires, locking mechanisms, or the exterior body.

[0018] Preferably, the at least one component to be detected is part of a body and / or part of a chassis and / or part of a drive and / or part of a connection technology of the vehicle. The body or structure can comprise a body shell (doors, hoods and convertible top), a driver's cab, glazing, seals, door locks, windshield wiper system, lighting devices, bumpers, instruments, seats (e.g. for any passengers), interior trim, heating and air conditioning, and one or more batteries. These components can be checked using optical sensors, for example, to detect damage such as deformation or cracks, or defective lighting devices such as defective headlights or direction indicators. Heating and air conditioning, on the other hand, could be checked using infrared sensors, for example.The running gear comprises a chassis, also known as the frame, rims, tires and wheels, wheel guidance, suspension, brakes and steering. The running gear components can also be visually inspected for damage, for example. In addition, the temperature of individual components, in particular the brakes, can be detected, for example, using an infrared sensor. The drive system comprises an engine, engine cooling, energy storage, torque converter with clutch and manual transmission. The connection technology comprises one or more locking devices, such as door locks, load securing, trailer / semi-trailer operation and coupling. This can be used, for example, to check whether doors or other locking devices are properly closed in order to prevent loss of load, for example through falling or theft. The proper connection of trailers orSuccessful coupling can be verified. These components can advantageously be checked using one or more detection devices positioned inside and outside. The electrical or electronic components located in or on the vehicle components listed above can also be checked. This allows all relevant components to be checked, for example, during a pre-departure inspection.

[0019] The detection device is preferably designed to be able to check the condition of one or more components while the vehicle is moving. This makes it possible to detect problems such as defective components or components that may soon become defective due to advanced wear. Particularly in the absence of a driver in autonomous vehicles, this option of monitoring components while driving is helpful in preventing accidents. For example, the temperature of the brakes can be monitored using an infrared camera. In particular, it is also conceivable that a single movable infrared camera can monitor the temperatures of all brakes and thus replace several individual sensors. Damage caused by environmental influences, such as collisions with other vehicles or, for example,Parts falling onto the vehicle during a storm, such as branches or stones, are quickly registered.

[0020] Advantageously, the data set acquired by the recording device can be stored in a storage device. The storage device can be based on magnetic or electronic storage, for example. Conceivable options include hard disk drives or semiconductor memories, such as flash memory, memory cards, USB sticks, or SSDs. Stored data can serve, for example, as proof of proper departure checks and / or the condition of the vehicle at the start of the journey. Stored data records can also be used to compare with newly recorded data records in order to register, for example, changes to components, e.g., due to wear and tear. This allows components in need of repair to be identified in a timely manner and, advantageously, even before a permanent defect occurs.

[0021] The system preferably comprises a communication device by means of which information concerning the status of a component can be transmitted to a central location. There, for example, information about multiple vehicles can be collected and possibly processed. This makes it possible, for example, to simplify the organization of required repairs and / or spare parts. It is also conceivable that, based on the status of its checked components, new commands, such as aborting a trip and returning to a fleet or repair shop, can be transmitted to a vehicle as needed.

[0022] The communication device is advantageously connected to a network. The connection can, for example, be via the control center. Alternatively, it is also conceivable for the communication device to be connected directly to a network. For example, a connection can be established with a stationary hub or a direct connection with other vehicles in the area. This makes it conceivable, for example, that if problems occur with one or more components, a warning can be sent to other vehicles in order to prevent accidents. Problems could include, for example, brakes failing suddenly or not working properly, locking devices opening unintentionally (which could cause transported goods to fall out), or a defective trailer hitch. A hub could, for example, be used to automatically contact a service station to request repairs.

[0023] Preferably, the detection device is located at least partially, preferably completely, in an enclosed area during a rest state. An enclosed area can be, for example, a lockable container such as a chamber, a capsule, or a small garage that is attached to the vehicle or is part of the vehicle. For example, a mobile or flying drone with a detection device can be parked in an enclosed area while not in use. A recess on the vehicle is also possible, into which, for example, a swivel arm to which a detection device is attached is lowered when in the rest state. Optionally, the recess can also have a locking mechanism, such as a flap or a sliding or rotating closure. By remaining in the enclosed area, the detection device can be protected from environmental influences or from unauthorized access by third parties.Energy can also be saved, especially with drones, by parking in a closed area.

[0024] A further aspect of the present invention is a detection device for a system according to the invention. All advantages and features described for the system can be applied analogously to the detection device and vice versa.

[0025] A further aspect of the present invention is a method for determining a condition of at least one component of a vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle, with a system for checking a condition of at least one component on a vehicle, in particular on a commercial vehicle, comprising the steps (a) capturing information in the form of a data set by means of a capturing device, wherein the information is present in a defined area, preferably in several defined areas, on the vehicle, wherein the defined area comprises the at least one component to be checked, (b) providing the data set to an evaluation device; and (c) determining the condition of the component based on the acquired data set by the evaluation device, wherein the detection device is attached to the vehicle and, in particular, can be carried on the vehicle at least temporarily. All advantages and features described for the system can be applied analogously to the method, and vice versa.

[0026] Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the subject matter of the invention with reference to the accompanying figures. They show: Fig. 1 a commercial vehicle with a system for checking several components of the commercial vehicle according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 a commercial vehicle with a system for checking several components of the commercial vehicle according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a view of the underside of a vehicle with a system for checking a plurality of wheels or a plurality of brakes of the vehicle with a detection device according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention and Fig. 4 a schematic representation of an example of a method according to the present invention.

[0027] In Fig. 1 shows a vehicle 5 with a system 100 for checking a condition of a component on the vehicle 5 according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle 5 shown here is a semi-trailer truck to which several detection devices 10 are attached on carriages 13 and can move on a rail system 12. In the illustration shown, the detection devices 10 are located on the outside of the vehicle 5, but it is also possible for additional or exclusive detection devices 10 to be located inside the vehicle 5. The detection devices 10 shown are intended only as an example and are not to be understood as restrictive, particularly with regard to the shape and placement of the detection devices 10. The detection devices 10 in this example are designed to check the external components of the vehicle 5.In particular, the detection devices 10 can each inspect several specified areas on the exterior of the vehicle 5, in particular on the body and chassis of the vehicle 5, via the rail system 12. It is also optionally possible to rotate the detection devices 10 on the carriages 13 in order to inspect components located in different specified areas by changing the viewing angle of the detection device 10. For example, locking devices such as doors and tailgates can be inspected, which can be done using optical sensors, for example. A functional test of the lighting system of the vehicle 5 can also be performed using light sensors.It is also possible for a detection device 10 on a carriage 13 to comprise different sensors in order to check different components with the appropriate sensor as required, for example by optical image recording to check a locking device and by light sensor to check the lighting device. Furthermore, it is also possible to check whether the trailer coupling (not shown) is properly coupled and whether a support leg (not shown) is retracted before departure. Furthermore, the wheels 4 can be checked, for example, by optical image comparison in order to check the tire profile, for example. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the detection device 10 is arranged on an upper side and / or underside of a trailer.For example, the rail system 12 extends more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, and particularly preferably more than 80% of the trailer's longitudinal extent in the longitudinal direction of the trailer. It is also conceivable for the rail system 12 to have both longitudinal components and transverse components, with which the detection device 10 can be moved both longitudinally and transversely on or under the trailer.

[0028] The system is particularly suitable for departure checks. The detection devices 10 can travel along the rail system 12 into designated, enclosed areas 11 before and after the check, where they are placed in a rest state. This protects them from environmental influences and unwanted access by unauthorized persons. However, it is also possible for the detection devices 10 to be used continuously or intermittently during the journey. For example, a detection device 10 on the underside of the vehicle 5 could monitor the temperature of the brakes using an infrared camera. Due to its mobility, one detection device 10 with one sensor, which can cover all areas with brakes, is sufficient for this purpose. While this allows for quasi-continuous checking between the brakes, the detection device 10 could also be activated at specific time intervals, thus saving energy.In general, a system is also possible in which a detection device 10 is activated as needed, for example, to find the cause of an unresolved problem. For example, if braking performance deteriorates, the brakes could be specifically checked, or if handling deteriorates, the tires 4 and axles could be checked. On the other hand, an additional sensor is also conceivable that prevents activation of the detection devices 10 in unfavorable external conditions and causes them to remain in the enclosed area 11 or to seek it out. For an optical sensor on the underside of the vehicle 5, unfavorable conditions could include, for example, a muddy surface, which could lead to soiling of the optics.

[0029] Fig. 2 shows a vehicle 5 with a system 100 for checking the condition of a component on the vehicle 5 according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle 5 shown here is a semi-trailer truck with a detection device 10 attached to a flying drone 14. Due to the high mobility, in this case at least the entire exterior of the vehicle 5 can be checked with one detection device 10. It is conceivable that the detection device 10 has two or more different sensors in order to be able to check different components appropriately. Alternatively, a mobile drone 14 would also be possible, which drives around the vehicle 5 or rides on the vehicle 5 and can thus examine several defined areas.Optionally, another drone 14 is also conceivable inside the vehicle 5, which checks components in a defined area inside the vehicle 5. The drone 14 is connected to an evaluation device 20 in the vehicle 5 via a wireless connection. Information in the form of a data set 19, which is collected when checking the components, can be transmitted via the wireless connection. Additionally or alternatively, a direct connection to a control center outside the vehicle 5 can also exist. The wireless connection can be based, for example, on WLAN, Bluetooth, or mobile internet. Advantageously, the drone 14 can carry out an inspection, such as a departure check, completely autonomously. However, it is also conceivable for the inspection to be carried out remotely, for example from the control center.When the drone 14 is not in use, in this embodiment it is located in an enclosed area 11 that can be closed by a flap 11a. Alternatively, other closing mechanisms are also possible, such as a sliding roof. In the enclosed area 11, the drone 14 is protected from external influences and energy can be saved in a resting state. In a preferred embodiment, a docking station is located in the enclosed area, where the drone 14 can be charged with energy, e.g., via an electrical connection. A connection for data transmission is also optionally possible, via which, for example, updates for a system software of the drone 14 can be transmitted. Optionally, the recorded data set 19 can also be transmitted via a data connection. This can be useful, for example, if wireless transmission is not possible or not desired.In particular, a data connection can also be an alternative option in the event that wireless transmission fails. In another embodiment, the drone 14 can also be used at least temporarily during a journey of the vehicle 5 to check one or more components on the vehicle 5.

[0030] In Fig. 3 shows a view of the underside of a vehicle 5 with a system 100 for checking a plurality of wheels 4 and / or a plurality of brakes of the vehicle 5 according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle 5 can be, for example, a commercial vehicle. It comprises a detection device 10, which is located on the underside of the vehicle 5. In this example, the detection device 10 is attached to a telescopic pivot arm 15 via a rotation axis 15b. The pivot arm 15, in turn, is rotatably attached to the underside of the vehicle 5 by means of a rotation axis 15a. The detection device 10 comprises, for example, an infrared sensor with which the temperature of all brakes can be detected. As a result, a single sensor advantageously replaces multiple sensors.For example, an optical camera can be used to check the tire tread or to detect damage, such as cracks in the brake disc or a burst tire. In a resting state, the pivoting arm 15 with the detection device 10 is retracted into a recess 110. Optionally, the recess 110 can include a locking mechanism, such as a sliding door. This protects the detection device 10 from external influences. The detection device 10 can be used, for example, at the start of a journey during a departure check or during an intermediate stop. Optionally, use during a journey is also conceivable.

[0031] Fig.4 shows, by way of example, a schematic representation of a method for determining a condition of at least one component of a vehicle 5 using a system 100 according to the present invention. In a first step, a detection device 10 detects information in the form of a data set 19, wherein the information is present in a defined area, preferably in several defined areas, on the vehicle 5, wherein the defined area comprises at least one component to be checked.

[0032] In a second step, the data set 19 is then provided to an evaluation device 20 via a wireless connection, or alternatively via a cable connection. In a third step, the evaluation device 20 determines the condition of the component based on the recorded data set 19. The evaluation device comprises, for example, a computer or a microprocessor designed to determine the condition of the checked component based on the recorded data set. The data set can then be stored on a storage device 30 in an optional fourth step. The storage device 30 can, for example, be a hard disk or a flash memory. The stored data can serve, for example, as proof of a pre-departure check or as a comparison with data recorded at a later time.In a further optional step, the data set 19 can be forwarded to a communication device 40, which transmits the data set 19, for example, to a central location. This allows, for example, a database of multiple vehicles 5 to be created. Furthermore, any necessary repairs can be coordinated centrally. List of reference symbols: 4 tires 5 vehicle 10 Recording device 11 closed area 11a Closing flap 12 rail system 13 sleds 14 drone 15 Swivel arm 15a Rotation axis 15b Rotation axis 19 data sets 20 Evaluation device 30 Storage device 40 Communication device 50 Network 100 systems 110 bulge

Claims

[1] System (100) for checking a condition of at least one component on a vehicle (5), comprising - a detection device (10) which detects information in the form of a data set (19) in a defined area on the vehicle, wherein the defined area comprises the at least one component to be checked, and - an evaluation device (20) to which the data set (19) is provided by the detection device, wherein the evaluation device (20) is configured to determine the state of the at least one component based on the detected data set (19), wherein the detection device (10) is attached to the vehicle (5), characterized by that the detection device (10) is both movable and pivotable. [2] System (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the detection device (10) detects a plurality of defined areas, each defined area comprising at least one component to be checked. [3] System (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the detection device (10) is positioned at least temporarily outside the vehicle (5) and / or on the outside of the vehicle (5). [4] System (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one component to be checked is part of a body or part of a chassis or part of a drive or part of a connection technology of the vehicle (5). [5] System (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the data set can be stored in a storage device (30). [6] System (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the system (100) comprises a communication device (40) by means of which information concerning the status can be transmitted to a control center. [7] System (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the detection means (10) is located in a closed area (11) during a rest state. [8] Detection device (10) for a system (100) according to one of the preceding claims. [9] Method for determining a state of at least one component of a vehicle (5) with a system (100) for checking a state of at least one component on a vehicle (5), comprising the steps: (a) capturing information in the form of a data set by means of a capturing device (10), wherein the information is present in a defined area, preferably in several defined areas, on the vehicle (5), wherein the defined area comprises the at least one component to be checked, (b) providing the data set to an evaluation device (20) and (c) determining the condition of the component on the basis of the acquired data set by the evaluation device (20), wherein the detection device (10) is attached to the vehicle (5), characterized by that the detection device (10) is both relocated and pivoted.

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