SINGLE-AXIS DEVICE

Abstract

Single-axle device (1) with a motor (2), wheels (3) or crawler track with independently controlled drives, a control unit (4), a hydraulic cylinder (8), a bracket (10), a frame (11), characterized in that two working attachments (5) with rollers (9) are connected to the single-axle device (1), are pivotably mounted by means of pivot arms (6) and are laterally offset from the vertical longitudinal plane (P) of the single-axle device (1), wherein one working attachment (5) is arranged at the front and the other at the rear.

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present invention relates to a single-axle device to which attachments or implements, preferably a mower, a tiller, or a plow, are detachably mounted. The attachments are attached to the lower frame by means of pivot arms. The pivot arms are rotatable about pivot points and are connected by toothed segments, which, together with the connection to the lower support frame, form a pivot joint of the arms. The subject matter of the invention is primarily intended for landscaping in difficult-to-access and sloping areas. Description of the state of the art

[0002] Patent DE102016110810 describes a single-axle instrument carrier as an attachable accessory. The mount comprises at least one controllable support roller. At least one support roller is connected to the wheel unit control system, so that the movement of the at least one support roller accelerates or decelerates the wheels in a coordinated manner. The drive comprises a hydraulic worm gear, a hydraulic control cylinder, or an electric drive.

[0003] Patent EP3210809 describes a single-axle mower, with each axle driven by its own hydraulic drive, which is also connected to the main engine. The absence of a connection to the rear axle drive allows the engine to be placed in the central part, close to the ground, thus lowering the center of gravity along the central chassis axis.

[0004] Patent EP3251481 describes a single-axle carrier with a support that includes at least one controllable support roller. The roller can also be provided with spikes to improve grip. The support rollers used in the present invention are not controllable.

[0005] Patent EP2510767 describes a multifunctional device consisting of two drive mechanisms (wheel units) capable of driving two identical or two different machines, depending on their equipment. It is a single-axle vehicle with a common axle perpendicular to the direction of travel. The first claim specifies a vehicle width of at least 3.5 meters. The wheel units are arranged in a sliding manner at the end of the single-axle vehicle.

[0006] Patent US4964265 describes a remote-controlled self-propelled mower powered by battery-powered electric motors. The rear wheels are driven, and the machine is steered by the front wheels via a belt and pulley system connected to the front wheels. The wheels are also equipped with conical hubs, which are used for use on rough terrain.

[0007] The utility model DE202015007529U1 describes a self-propelled usable area cultivation device, in particular a self-propelled riding arena leveler.

[0008] The above-mentioned solutions share common disadvantages, such as insufficient mobility, combined with difficulties in maintaining a consistent position of attachments or cutting and mowing heads relative to the ground. Another disadvantage is the lack of stability and maneuverability on extreme slopes and terrain. Any two-axle device is characterized by insufficient ability to overcome uneven terrain, while currently available single-axle devices require an operator. Disclosure of the invention

[0009] These shortcomings are essentially eliminated by a single-axle device, the essence of which lies in the use of a single axle, thanks to which the device allows for maximum maneuverability and rotation around its vertical axis in the smallest possible space. The uniqueness also lies in the possibility of using two work attachments or work tools that can be removably connected to a single-axle device. Thus, the subject of the invention allows for the use of two work attachments, which do not even have to be of the same type. The most commonly used work attachments are mowers, plows, snow blowers, and more. The subject of the invention has independent wheel rotation, which enables the aforementioned rotation around the vertical axis. The subject of the invention is remotely controlled, without requiring the direct presence of a physical operator at the site of active operation of the subject of the invention.The subject matter of the invention can move both forward and backward without requiring rotation about its vertical axis. This contributes to even better usability in difficult-to-access terrain. Furthermore, the subject matter of the invention can move in all directions through the active action of working attachments, i.e., the connected attachments are still in operation when changing direction. The center of gravity is balanced using the rollers that are part of the working attachment. The working attachments can be removably connected to the pivot arms via brackets at their ends. The pivot arms are connected to each other by toothed segments, ensuring improved use in difficult terrain. This applies to both positive unevenness (bumps) and negative unevenness (potholes).To improve off-road capability, a hydraulic cylinder connected to the swing arm is also provided. This cylinder provides the thrust to ensure better grip of the drive wheels (drive axle) and a driven roller of the work attachments, thus ensuring smooth adjustment of the work attachments to the ground. The hydraulic cylinder thus absorbs the opposing forces acting against it. The hydraulic cylinder is pivotally connected to the swing arm and to the side wall, which is rigidly attached to the support frame. The vertical piston motor mechanically drives the pump, which supplies the required amount of oil to the directional control valve. The directional control valve is electronically controlled by a control unit that determines the oil transfer in the system as needed based on the radio transmitter signal.A working attachment can be connected to the hydraulic circuit of the subject matter of the invention, enabling vertical and horizontal movement of the working attachment. As a further element of the invention, the working attachments are offset in the direction of the vertical longitudinal plane of the single-axle device, which means that when used in the field, at least one wheel is not in contact with the surface to be treated while the single-axle device is moving. Thanks to the improved grip provided by the pivoting arms and the hydraulic cylinder, the device according to the invention has a self-recovery capability up to an angle of 55° and continuous operation at an incline of 45°. The hydraulic cylinders can be operated independently of one another. The subject matter of the invention can be moved on wheels, tracks, or belts, depending on the application. Description of the drawings

[0010] The invention will be described in more detail below using examples of its embodiment with reference to the supporting drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a single-axis device, Fig. 2 shows a side view of a single-axis device, Fig. 3 shows a side view of a frame of a single-axis device without drive and Fig. Figure 4 schematically shows a single-axis device in three positions during operation in difficult terrain. Examples of an embodiment of the invention

[0011] A single-axle device 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention consists of a frame on which the motor 2 and all the drive equipment of the subject invention are mounted.

[0012] The single-axle device 1, its running gear consisting of return wheels 3 driven separately by a vertical piston motor 2 mounted on the support frame 11, is remotely controlled by a transmitter that drives a control unit 4, which, among other things, controls the direction of rotation of the wheels 3. The motor 2 mechanically drives the pump, which delivers the required amount of oil to the directional control valve. The directional control valve is electronically controlled by the control unit 4, which determines the oil transfer in the system as needed based on the radio transmitter signal.

[0013] The uniaxial device 1 can rotate around its axis through the independent rotation of the wheels 3. The independent rotation of the wheels 3 enables the wheels 3 to rotate in opposite directions, causing the uniaxial device to rotate around its own vertical axis. Using a transmitter, the speed of the uniaxial device 1, the travel speed, and the switching on and off of the uniaxial device 1 can be controlled. The hydraulic cylinder 8 can also be controlled if the attachment is connected to the hydraulic distribution of the uniaxial device 1. The uniaxial device 1 can be moved forward and backward without the need to rotate the object of the invention itself, even with the active intervention of the working attachments 5.

[0014] The track rollers or casters 9 serve to compensate for the center of gravity and the inclination itself during movement of the uniaxial device 1. The track rollers 9 are part of the work attachments 5, which are detachably connected to the pivot arms 6 of the uniaxial device 1 by means of brackets 10 at the ends of the pivot arms 6 of the uniaxial device 1. The pivot arms 6 are rotatable about the pivot points and connected by toothed segments 7, which, with the connection to the support frame 11, form a pivot joint of the pivot arms. When approaching uneven terrain, the front work attachment 5, which is detachably connected to the bracket 10 of the pivot arm 6, lifts up. The front work attachment 5 is connected via intermeshing toothed segments 7 to the second pivot arm 6, which, through the connection, lifts the second track roller 9 of the work attachment 5, which is detachably connected to the second pivot arm 6, from the ground.Thanks to the interlocking toothed segments 7 of the pivot arms 6 in the center of the frame 11, the terrain unevenness is ideally followed, allowing the wheels 3 to achieve ideal grip and better power transmission from the wheels 3 to the ground, which is necessary for moving the single-axle device 1 on steep slopes and overcoming uneven terrain and potholes. This ensures satisfactory performance on uneven terrain with large bumps. The hydraulic cylinder 8 contributes to achieving ideal grip by exerting a thrust force on at least one of the pivot arms 6, which acts via interlocking toothed segments 7 on the other swing arm 6, thereby compensating for unwanted sudden jumps or steps in the terrain when the hydraulic cylinder 8 absorbs opposing forces acting against it.

[0015] The hydraulic cylinder 8 is pivotally connected to the pivot arm and the side wall, which is rigidly connected to the support frame 11 of the single-axle device 1. The pivot arms 6 are provided with interlocking toothed segments 7 at their adjacent ends, with a working attachment 5 enabling smooth movement and adaptation to uneven terrain when crossing the terrain contour.

[0016] The pivot arms 6 are attached on one side to the brackets 10, to which the work attachments 5 are detachably connected. The work attachments 5 can be connected to the hydraulic circuit of the subject matter of the invention, thus enabling the work attachments 5 to move additionally vertically and horizontally.

[0017] The single-axle device 1 according to the invention considerably facilitates field work thanks to the laterally offset working attachment 5 relative to the vertical longitudinal plane P of the single-axle device 1, wherein at least one wheel 3 does not negatively influence the area to be worked, for example when a mower is used as the working attachment 5. In the activated state, the working attachment 5 acts on an area determined by the width of the working attachment 5, with at least one wheel 3 of the single-axle device 1 passing through this area during movement. When working on a slope, the subject of the invention is capable of self-recovery up to an angle of 55° and of working continuously at an incline of 45°. Thanks to the low center of gravity, duplex operation, and the technical compensation solution, the single-axle device 1 is suitable for work on flat terrain as well as on steep slopes or in impassable terrain.The single-axle device 1 can move on wheels as well as on caterpillar tracks or belts. Industrial application

[0018] The single-axle device according to the invention is used for trimming overgrown areas, adjusting slopes or roadsides. When various attachments are connected, the use of the single-axle device is expanded to include other functions, preferably the use of a mower, snow blower, plow, and the like. List of reference symbols 1 single-axis device 2 engines 3 wheel 4 Control unit 5 Work essay 6 swivel arm 7 tooth segments 8 hydraulic cylinders 9 castors 10 Bracket 11 frames P Longitudinal plane

Claims

[1] Single-axle device (1) with a motor (2), wheels (3) or crawler track with independently controlled drives, a control unit (4), a hydraulic cylinder (8), a support (10), a frame (11), characterized by that two working attachments (5) are connected to the single-axis device (1) by means of rollers (9), are pivotally mounted by means of pivot arms (6) and are laterally offset with respect to the vertical longitudinal plane (P) of the single-axis device (1), one working attachment (5) being arranged at the front and the other at the rear. [2] Single-axis device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that the swivel arms (6) of the working attachments (5) are provided with interlocking tooth segments (7) at the adjacent ends. [3] Single-axis device (1) according to claim 1, characterized bythat at least one wheel (3) of the single-axle device is arranged outside the area to be treated by the working attachment (5). [4] Single-axis device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that the at least one arm (7) is connected to the frame (11) by means of a hydraulic cylinder (8). [5] Single-axis device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that the working attachments (5) are mowers and / or a mulching device and / or a plough and / or a mower and / or a snow blower. [6] Single-axis device (1) according to claim 1 or 5, characterized by that two identical or different working attachments (5) are connected to the single-axis device (1).

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