Thermal management system for a battery of a motor vehicle, and method for thermal management for a battery of a motor vehicle

Abstract

Thermal management system (100) for a battery (10) of a motor vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle or a battery-electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle, comprising a first coolant circuit (11), wherein the first coolant circuit (11) has a battery (10), a chiller (12) and a first pump (13), and a second coolant circuit (14), wherein the second coolant circuit (14) has an auxiliary heater (15), a heating heat exchanger (16) and a second pump (17), and a third coolant circuit (18), wherein the third coolant circuit (18) has a heat exchanger (20) and a third pump (21), wherein a four-way valve (27) is further provided, characterized in that the first coolant circuit (11) can be thermally and fluidly coupled optionally to the second coolant circuit (14) and / or the third coolant circuit (18) by switching the four-way valve (27). is.

Description

The present invention relates to a thermal management system for a battery of a motor vehicle, in particular of an electric vehicle or of a battery-electric vehicle or of a hybrid electric motor vehicle, comprising a first coolant circuit, wherein the first coolant circuit has a battery, a chiller and a first pump, and a second coolant circuit, wherein the second coolant circuit has an auxiliary heater, a heating heat exchanger and a second pump, and a third coolant circuit, wherein the third coolant circuit has a heat exchanger, in particular a water-air heat exchanger, and a third pump, and wherein a four-way valve is furthermore provided.The present invention further relates to a method for thermal management for a battery of a motor vehicle and to a motor vehicle having a thermal management system.DE 10 2017 121 188 B3 discloses a vehicle thermal management system comprising an air conditioning system and a power source cooling system, the air conditioning system comprising a compressor, a water cooled condenser and an evaporator connected in series to form a circuit, and a heat exchanger connected in parallel to the evaporator, the power source cooling system comprising a power source, a radiator, a first water pump, a second water pump, the water cooled condenser and the heat exchanger, the power source cooling system having a high temperature heat dissipation mode and a low temperature heat dissipation mode, in which high temperature heat dissipation mode the power source, the first water pump and the heat exchanger are connected in series to form a circuit while the radiator, the second water pump and the water cooled condenser are connected in series, A method of forming another circuit, wherein in the low temperature heat dissipation mode, the power source, the radiator, the first water pump, the second water pump, the water cooled condenser, and the heat exchanger are connected in series to form a circuit, and wherein the power source cooling system includes a four-way valve.From DE 10 2017 125 170 A1 a thermal management system for an electric vehicle is known, which has a plurality of thermal management circuits, which are respectively selectively connected to thermal management circuits according to their own heating or cooling requirements or are separated therefrom in order to exchange heat with the other thermal management circuits.In U.S. Pat. No. 2020 0 062 106 A1, a thermal management system consists of two pumps and three cooling circuits. The circuits are interconnected such that most, if not all, functions of the thermal management system can be carried out even if one of the two pumps is switched off or inoperative or has failed. The thermal management system may optionally be configured to utilize the waste heat of a battery, an electric propulsion system, and / or a wireless charger to warm the cabin air. The thermal management system may also be selectively configured to heat or cool a battery, cool an electric drive system, and cool a wireless charger.Thermal management for electric vehicles or battery-electric vehicles has become increasingly complex due to the various requirements and the necessary interaction of coolant circuit and refrigerant circuit. This complexity results in increased development costs as well as a plurality of additional components with additional costs and weight. In particular, known coolant circuits have a multiplicity of switching and connecting elements. The large number of switching and connecting elements makes the control of the known thermal management systems complicated and increases the production costs.The present invention is based on the object of providing a thermal management system for a battery of a motor vehicle, in particular of an electric vehicle or a battery-electric vehicle or of a hybrid electric motor vehicle, which has a comparatively low complexity in terms of design, a low weight and reduced production costs.To achieve the object underlying the invention, a thermal management system for a battery of a motor vehicle, in particular of an electric vehicle or of a battery-electric vehicle or of a hybrid electric motor vehicle, comprising a first coolant circuit, wherein the first coolant circuit has a battery, a chiller and a first pump, and a second coolant circuit, wherein the second coolant circuit has a heater, a heating heat exchanger and a second pump, and a third coolant circuit, wherein the third coolant circuit has a heat exchanger and a third pump, wherein a four-way valve is further provided, wherein the first coolant circuit can be selectively coupled thermally and fluidically to the second coolant circuit and / or to the third coolant circuit by switching the four-way valve.The first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit preferably comprise coolant lines for a cooling fluid, in particular for a coolant or a cooling fluid. The first coolant circuit and / or the second coolant circuit and / or the third coolant circuit can optionally comprise a refrigerant in the coolant lines.Instead of the designation chiller, the designations "coolant-refrigerant heat exchanger" or, more generally, "refrigerating machine" can also be used. The first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit may include a coolant or a cooling liquid, for example, the coolant may be water or a water-glycol mixture or another suitable coolant. Since thermal energy is transported by means of the coolant, the first coolant circuit and / or the second coolant circuit and / or the third coolant circuit can optionally also be operated in a heating mode.By means of the four-way valve, the first coolant circuit can optionally be thermally fluidically coupled to the second coolant circuit and / or to the third coolant circuit by means of a circuit of the four-way valve. Preferably, this means that at least the following configurations can be made by switching the four-way valve:the first coolant circuit is not thermally fluidically coupled either to the second coolant circuit or to the third coolant circuit,the first coolant circuit is thermally-fluidically coupled only to the second coolant circuit, andthe first coolant circuit is thermally-fluidically coupled only to the third coolant circuit.Particularly preferably, the following configuration can also be optionally additionally obtained:the first coolant circuit is simultaneously thermally fluidically coupled to the second coolant circuit and to the third coolant circuit.A thermal-fluidic coupling of the first coolant circuit to the second and / or the third coolant circuit is understood to mean a coupling of the coolant circuits in which a transfer of thermal energy between the coolant circuits takes place in that a fluid, in particular a coolant or a coolant, is transferred from one coolant circuit to the other coolant circuit.According to the invention, it is now provided that the coupling of the first coolant circuit to or the separation of the first coolant circuit from the second and / or the third coolant circuit takes place by a circuit of the four-way valve.By switching the four-way valve and the coupling or disconnection of the coolant circuits achieved therewith, different operating conditions of the thermal management system can be set.It is particularly advantageous that the four-way valve forms the central switching element between the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit and / or the third coolant circuit. It is therefore preferably provided that no further switching elements or valves are provided for the thermal-fluidic coupling and / or thermal-fluidic separation of the first coolant circuit from or with the second coolant circuit and / or the third coolant circuit.Preferably, the thermal-fluidic coupling of the first coolant circuit to the second coolant circuit and / or the third coolant circuit takes place exclusively by switching the four-way valve.The heat exchanger is preferably a water-air heat exchanger.The thermal management system can advantageously further comprise a control unit, wherein the control unit is configured to switch the four-way valve for setting the various operating modes of the thermal management system in such a way that the first coolant circuit is selectively thermally fluidically coupled to the second coolant circuit and / or the third coolant circuit and / or that the first coolant circuit is selectively thermally fluidically separated from the second coolant circuit and / or the third coolant circuit.The first coolant circuit can be a cooling or heating circuit for the battery, the second coolant circuit can be a heating circuit or an air-conditioning circuit for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, the third coolant circuit can be a cooling circuit for an electric motor for driving a motor vehicle. The third coolant circuit can be designed in particular as a low-temperature circuit.The third coolant circuit preferably comprises an electric motor, in particular for driving a motor vehicle. Furthermore, the third coolant circuit can comprise power electronics.It is preferably provided that the four-way valve can be switched in a first cooling mode for the battery in such a way that the first coolant circuit is thermally fluidically separated from the second coolant circuit and from the third coolant circuit. In particular, there is therefore neither an exchange of thermal energy nor an exchange of a cooling fluid, for example a coolant or a cooling liquid, between the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit.In the first cooling mode, it is thus preferably provided that the four-way valve completely shuts off the first coolant circuit from the second coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit, such that no cooling fluid, in particular no cooling liquid and no coolant, is exchanged between the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit or the third coolant circuit. The coolant for cooling the battery is pumped in the first coolant circuit through the chiller and the battery by means of the first pump. The entire cooling capacity for the battery is provided by the chiller.It can further preferably be provided that the four-way valve can be switched in a second cooling mode for the battery in such a way that the first coolant circuit is thermally fluidically separated from the second coolant circuit and is thermally fluidically coupled to the third coolant circuit.In other words, in the second cooling mode, no exchange of a cooling fluid, for example a cooling liquid or a coolant, takes place between the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit. Furthermore, no exchange of thermal energy takes place between these two coolant circuits either.However, in the second cooling mode, an exchange of a cooling fluid, for example a coolant or a cooling liquid, takes place between the first coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit. By exchanging the cooling fluid, thermal energy is also exchanged between the first coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit.In the second cooling mode, the thermal energy emitted by the battery is at least partially, preferably completely, dissipated to the external environment via the third coolant circuit and the heat exchanger arranged in the third coolant circuit, in particular the water-air heat exchanger.The second cooling mode is advantageous in particular when the external environment has a low temperature, so that active cooling of the battery in the first coolant circuit by the chiller is not necessary. The chiller is therefore preferably not operated in the second cooling mode or does not provide any cooling power.It can be provided with further advantage that the four-way valve can be switched in a heating mode for the battery in such a way that the first coolant circuit is thermally fluidically coupled to the second coolant circuit and is thermally fluidically separated from the third coolant circuit.In the heating mode, thermal energy can thus be conducted from the auxiliary heater of the second coolant circuit to the battery in the first coolant circuit via the thermal-fluidic coupling of the second coolant circuit to the first coolant circuit.An electric motor and / or power electronics for driving the motor vehicle can be simultaneously preferably cooled passively via the water-air heat exchanger in the third coolant circuit.Preferably, it can be provided that in the first cooling mode, in the second cooling mode and / or in the heating mode, simultaneously a heating, further preferably an air conditioning, of a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle takes place by means of the heating heat exchanger in the second coolant circuit. The regulation of the heating or air conditioning of the passenger compartment takes place on the air side via the air distribution in the heating heat exchanger.Preferably, it can be provided, in particular in the heating mode, that the first pump adjusts a volume flow of a coolant through the battery, and that the four-way valve divides the volume flow between the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit.In other words, preferably in the heating mode, a cooling fluid heated by the auxiliary heater in the second coolant circuit is fed into the first coolant circuit, wherein the thermal energy supplied by the cooling fluid to the first coolant circuit can be used to heat the battery. A defined volume flow for the coolant through the battery is set via the first pump in the first coolant circuit. By means of the four-way valve, a volume flow distribution between the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit can then be adjusted. Since the chiller is located in the first coolant circuit and the auxiliary heater is located in the second coolant circuit, the temperature of the cooling fluid can be adjusted by the battery by means of the volume flow distribution.By the interaction of the setting of the power of the first pump and the setting of the four-way valve, it is also preferably possible to set simultaneously a temperature spread over the battery, that is to say a temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the battery, and an average temperature for the battery.It can further preferably be provided that the four-way valve has a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet and a second outlet, wherein the first inlet and the first outlet of the four-way valve are connected to the first coolant circuit, and wherein the second inlet is connected to the third coolant circuit, preferably to a feed line for conducting a coolant from the third coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit, and wherein the second outlet is connected to the second coolant circuit, preferably to a return line for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit into the second coolant circuit.The four-way valve is thus located at a central location in the thermal management system and connects the first coolant circuit, the second coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit to one another via the two inlets and the two outlets.It can preferably also be provided that the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit are connected to one another by a feed line for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit.Furthermore, it can be provided that the first coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit are connected to one another by a return line for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit into the third coolant circuit.By the preferred arrangement of a feed line and a return line between the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit and a feed line and a return line between the first coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit, respectively, a cooling fluid, for example a coolant or a cooling liquid, located in the thermal management system can be divided by adjusting the circuit of the four-way valve and by adjusting the outputs of the first, the second and / or the third pump.It is preferably provided that the four-way valve is arranged in the forward flow of the chiller upstream of the battery in the flow direction.The flow of the chiller is understood to mean that coolant strand which is arranged on the outlet side of the chiller. The return of the chiller is that refrigerant line which is located on the inlet side of the chiller. During operation of the chiller, the coolant temperature in the feed line is thus generally lower than in the return line. The battery is located between the forward run and the return run of the chiller, that is to say the battery represents, to a certain extent, the transition from the forward run to the return run of the chillerThe forward flow of the auxiliary heater is understood to mean that coolant strand which is arranged on the outlet side of the auxiliary heater. The return of the auxiliary heater is that coolant line which is arranged on the inlet side of the auxiliary heater. During operation of the auxiliary heater, the coolant temperature is thus generally higher in the feed line than in the return line. The heating heat exchanger is located between the supply and the return of the auxiliary heater, i.e. the heating heat exchanger represents the transition from the supply to the return of the auxiliary heater.It can further preferably be provided that the feed line for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit is arranged in the flow line of the chiller in the flow direction between the four-way valve and the battery, and / or that the first pump is arranged in the flow line of the chiller in the flow direction between the four-way valve and the battery, and preferably after the feed line for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit.Since the feed lines and return lines between the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit or between the first coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit thermally connect the respective coolant circuits to one another, an arrangement, for example of the feed line for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit in the first coolant circuit is to be understood in such a way that the line connection of the feed line for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit in the first coolant circuit is arranged. Accordingly, the arrangement of the further feed lines and return lines in the first, second and third coolant circuits is also to be understood.It is preferably provided that the feed line for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit is arranged in the flow of the auxiliary heater upstream of the heating heat exchanger in the flow direction.Furthermore, it can be provided that the return line for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit into the third coolant circuit is arranged in the return of the chiller.Furthermore, it can advantageously be provided that the return line for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit into the second coolant circuit is arranged in the return of the auxiliary heater downstream of the heating heat exchanger.Furthermore, it is possible for the second pump to be arranged in the return of the auxiliary heater, preferably downstream of the return line in the flow direction for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit into the second coolant circuit.It is preferably further provided that a check valve is arranged in the feed line for the line of a coolant from the second coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit.It can preferably also be provided that a flow direction of the check valve runs from the second coolant circuit to the first coolant circuit, and that the return valve can be opened or closed by adjusting the output of the first pump and / or the output of the second pump, preferably by the control unit.It can be provided with further advantage that the auxiliary heater is a high-voltage heater, in particular a high-voltage PTC heater.Furthermore, it can be provided that the second coolant circuit is a heating circuit for heating, preferably an air conditioning circuit for air conditioning, of a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.A further solution to the object underlying the invention consists in the provision of a method for thermal management for a battery of a motor vehicle, which method can be carried out using a thermal management system described above, wherein, in a first cooling mode for the battery, the four-way valve thermally-fluidically separates the first coolant circuit from the second coolant circuit and from the third coolant circuit.All the configurations, features and modes of operation described for the thermal management system described above can also be transferred to the method in a corresponding manner.Thus, it can preferably be provided that in a second cooling mode for the battery, the four-way valve thermally fluidically separates the first coolant circuit from the second coolant circuit and thermally fluidically couples it to the third coolant circuit.Furthermore, it can be provided that, in a heating mode, the four-way valve thermally fluidically couples the first coolant circuit to the second coolant circuit and thermally fluidically separates it from the third coolant circuit, wherein preferably the first pump sets a volume flow of a coolant through the battery, and wherein the four-way valve divides the volume flow between the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit.Yet another solution to the object underlying the invention is to provide a motor vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle or a battery-electric vehicle or a hybrid electric motor vehicle, having a thermal management system described above.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the attached figures.The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a thermal management system in a first cooling mode, FIG. 2 shows a thermal management system in a second cooling mode, and FIG. 3 shows a thermal management system in a heating mode.FIG. 1 shows a thermal management system 100 for a battery 10 of a motor vehicle, which is not shown in detail. The motor vehicle is preferably an electric vehicle, a battery-electric vehicle or a hybrid electric motor vehicle. The thermal management system 100 comprises a first coolant circuit 11, wherein the first coolant circuit 11 comprises a battery 10, a chiller 12 and a first pump 13. The thermal management system 100 further comprises a second coolant circuit 14, wherein the second coolant circuit 14 has a supplementary heater 15, a heating heat exchanger 16 and a second pump 17. In addition, a third coolant circuit 18 is included in the thermal management system 100, wherein the third coolant circuit 18 has an electric motor 19, a heat exchanger 20 and a third pump 21. The heat exchanger 20 in the third coolant circuit 18 is designed in particular as a water-air heat exchanger 20 aand can also be referred to as a low-temperature cooler. In the third coolant circuit 18, power electronics 22, any waste heat sources 23 and a charger 24 can furthermore be provided. The third coolant circuit 18 further comprises a bypass 25 to the heat exchanger 20, and a proportional valve 26 controls the volume division of a coolant between the heat exchanger 20 and the bypass 25.The first coolant circuit 11 can be selectively coupled to the second coolant circuit 14 and / or the third coolant circuit 18 by switching a four-way valve 27. A control unit 28 of the thermal management system 100 controls the outputs of the first pump 13, the second pump 17 and / or the third pump 21 and the switching position of the four-way valve 27. temperature sensors 29 are arranged directly upstream and downstream of the battery 10 in the first coolant circuit 11 and upstream and downstream of the auxiliary heater 15 in the second coolant circuit 14. Temperature sensors 29 can likewise be provided downstream of the heating heat exchanger 16 in the second coolant circuit 14 and upstream of the power electronics 22 in the third coolant circuit 18.The four-way valve 27 has a first inlet 30, a first outlet 31, a second inlet 32 and a second outlet 33. The first inlet 30 and the first outlet 31 of the four-way valve 27 are connected to the first coolant circuit 11. The second inlet 32 is connected to the third coolant circuit 18 via a feed line 34 for conducting a coolant from the third coolant circuit 18 into the first coolant circuit 11. The second outlet 33 is connected to the second coolant circuit 14 via a return line 35 for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit 11 into the second coolant circuit 14. The first coolant circuit 11 and the second coolant circuit 14 are also connected via a feed line 36 for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit 14 into the first coolant circuit 11, and the first coolant circuit 11 and the third coolant circuit 18 are connected to one another via a return line 37 for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit 11 into the third coolant circuit 18.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the four-way valve 27 is arranged in the forward flow 38 of the chiller 12 upstream of the battery 10 in the direction of flow. The feed line 36 for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit 14 into the first coolant circuit 11 is likewise arranged in the flow line 38 of the chiller 12 in the direction of flow between the four-way valve 27 and the battery 10. The first pump 13 is also located in the first coolant circuit 11 in the feed line 38 of the chiller 12 upstream of the battery 10, but downstream of the feed line 36 for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit 14 into the first coolant circuit 11 in the flow direction. the return line 37 for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit 11 into the third coolant circuit 18 is located in the return line 39 of the chiller 12. furthermore, the feed line 36 for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit 14 into the first coolant circuit 11 is arranged in the feed line 40 of the auxiliary heater 15 upstream of the heating heat exchanger 16 in the flow direction, and the return line 35 for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit 11 into the second coolant circuit 14 is arranged in the return line 41 of the auxiliary heater 15 downstream of the heating heat exchanger 16. The second pump 17 is arranged in the return 41 of the auxiliary heater 15 downstream of the return line 35 in the flow direction for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit 11 into the second coolant circuit 14. The auxiliary heater is preferably designed as a high-voltage PTC heater. A passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, not shown, can be heated via the heating heat exchanger 16.The thermal management system 100 can be operated in different operating modes by switching the four-way valve 27. For example, in a first cooling mode for the battery 10, the four-way valve 27 may be switched as shown in FIG. 1 such that the first coolant circuit 11 is thermally-fluidically separated from the second coolant circuit 14 and from the third coolant circuit 18. This means in particular that the four-way valve 27 opens a fluidic connection between the first inlet 30 and the first outlet 31, and that the second inlet 32 and the second outlet 33 of the four-way valve are closed. The first cooling circuit 11 is then a closed circuit, as shown in FIG. 1 with the greater line thickness.By adjusting the power of the first pump 13, the cooling capacity and the temperature spread across the battery 10 can be adjusted. Since the first coolant circuit 11 is thermally-fluidically separated from the second coolant circuit 14 and the third coolant circuit 18 in the first cooling mode, coolant flows for heating the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle via the heating heat exchanger 16 in the second coolant circuit 14 or for cooling the electric motor 19 in the third coolant circuit 18 can be driven separately by operation of the second pump 17 and the third pump 21.In a second cooling mode for the battery 10 shown in FIG. 2, the four-way valve 27 is switched such that the first coolant circuit 11 is thermally fluidically separated from the second coolant circuit 14 and is thermally fluidically coupled to the third coolant circuit 18. For this purpose, the second inlet 32 and the first outlet 31 of the four-way valve 27 are fluidically open, while the first inlet 30 and the second outlet 33 of the four-way valve 27 are closed. Since no coolant can flow from the first coolant circuit 11 into the second coolant circuit 14 via the return line 35, no coolant flows from the second coolant circuit 14 via the feed line 36 into the first coolant circuit 11, so that the first coolant circuit 11 and the second coolant circuit 14 are thermally-fluidically separated.In FIG. 2, the path of the coolant through the coupled first and third cooling circuits 11, 18 is shown by the greater line thickness. The coolant heated by the battery 10 thus flows through the return line 37 from the first coolant circuit 11 into the third coolant circuit 18 and releases the heat via heat exchangers 20 to the external environment. Via the feed line 34 from the third coolant circuit 18 into the first coolant circuit 11, the coolant is guided back into the first coolant circuit 11 through the second inlet 32 and the first outlet 31 of the four-way valve 27. In the cooling mode shown in FIG. 2, the chiller 12 is not operated. In principle, however, the chiller 12 can be operated to assist cooling of the heat exchanger 20 by opening the first inlet 30 of the four-way valve 27. Furthermore, the second coolant circuit 14 can be operated in parallel for heating the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.In the heating mode for the battery 10 shown in FIG. 3, the four-way valve 27 is switched by the control unit 28 in such a way that the first coolant circuit 11 is thermally-fluidically coupled to the second coolant circuit 14 and is thermally-fluidically separated from the third coolant circuit 18. This means that the four-way valve is connected in such a way that the second inlet 32 of the four-way valve 27 for the feed line 34 from the third coolant circuit 18 into the first coolant circuit 11 is closed, so that no coolant exchange takes place between the first coolant circuit 11 and the third coolant circuit 18. The first inlet 30, the first outlet 31 and the second outlet 33 of the four-way valve 27 are open. In the heating mode, a desired volume flow of a coolant via the battery 10 is set by regulating the power of the first pump 13 in the first coolant circuit 11. By means of the four-way valve 27 controlled by the control unit 28, a volume flow distribution for the coolant is carried out between the first coolant circuit 11 and the second coolant circuit 14. This regulates the amount of coolant flowing from the second coolant circuit 14 into the first coolant circuit 11 through the feed line 36 and heated by the auxiliary heater 15, and the temperature of the coolant flowing through the battery 10 is adjusted by mixing with the coolant coming from the chiller 12. Furthermore, the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle can be heated in parallel via the heating heat exchanger 16.List of reference characters100 Thermal management system 10 Battery 11 First coolant circuit 12 Chiller 13 First pump 14 Second coolant circuit 15 Auxiliary heater 16 Heating heat exchanger 17 Second pump 18 Third coolant circuit 19 Electric motor 20 Heat exchanger 20 aWater-Air heat exchanger 21 Third pump 22 Power electronics 23 Waste heat source 24 Charger 25 Bypass 26 Proportional valve 27 Four-way valve 28 Control unit 29 Temperature sensor 30 First inlet 31 First outlet 32 Second inlet 33 Second outlet 34 Feed line for conducting a coolant from the third coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit 35 Return line for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit into the second coolant circuit 36 Feed line for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit 37 Return line for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit into the first coolant circuit third coolant circuit 38 flow line 39 return line 40 flow line 41 return line

Claims

Thermal management system (100) for a battery (10) of a motor vehicle, in particular of an electric vehicle or of a battery-electric vehicle or of a hybrid electric motor vehicle, comprising a first coolant circuit (11), wherein the first coolant circuit (11) has a battery (10), a chiller (12) and a first pump (13), and a second coolant circuit (14), wherein the second coolant circuit (14) has an auxiliary heater (15), a heating heat exchanger (16) and a second pump (17), and a third coolant circuit (18), wherein the third coolant circuit (18) has a heat exchanger (20) and a third pump (21), wherein a four-way valve (27) is furthermore provided, characterized in that, the first coolant circuit (11) being capable of being coupled selectively in thermal-fluidic fashion to the second coolant circuit (14) and / or the third coolant circuit (18) by switching the four-way valve (27).Thermal management system (100) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the four-way valve (27) can be switched in a first cooling mode for the battery (10) in such a way that the first coolant circuit (11) is thermally fluidically separated from the second coolant circuit (14) and from the third coolant circuit (18).Thermal management system (100) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the four-way valve (27) can be switched in a second cooling mode for the battery (10) in such a way that the first coolant circuit (11) is thermally fluidically separated from the second coolant circuit (14) and is thermally fluidically coupled to the third coolant circuit (18).Thermal management system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the four-way valve (27) can be switched in a heating mode for the battery (10) in such a way that the first coolant circuit (11) is thermally fluidically coupled to the second coolant circuit (14) and is thermally fluidically separated from the third coolant circuit (18).Thermal management system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in particular in the heating mode, the first pump (13) sets a volume flow of a coolant through the battery (10), and in that the four-way valve (27) divides the volume flow between the first coolant circuit (11) and the second coolant circuit (14).Thermal management system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the four-way valve (27) has a first inlet (30), a first outlet (31), a second inlet (32) and a second outlet (33), wherein the first inlet (30) and the first outlet (31) of the four-way valve (27) are connected to the first coolant circuit (11), and wherein the second inlet (32) is connected to the third coolant circuit (18), preferably to a feed line (34) for conducting a coolant from the third coolant circuit (18) into the first coolant circuit (11), and wherein the second outlet (33) is connected to the second coolant circuit (14), preferably to a return line (35) for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit (11) into the second coolant circuit (14).Thermal management system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first coolant circuit (11) and the second coolant circuit (14) are connected to one another by a feed line (36) for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit (14) into the first coolant circuit (11), and / or in that the first coolant circuit (11) and the third coolant circuit (18) are connected to one another by a return line (37) for conducting a coolant from the first coolant circuit (11) into the third coolant circuit (18).Thermal management system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the four-way valve (27) is arranged in the flow line (38) of the chiller (12) upstream of the battery (10) in the direction of flow.Thermal management system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonreturn valve is arranged in the feed line (36) for conducting a coolant from the second coolant circuit (14) into the first coolant circuit (11).Thermal management system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the auxiliary heater (15) is a high-voltage heater, in particular a high-voltage PTC heater.Method for thermal management for a battery (10) of a motor vehicle, performable with a thermal management system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in a first cooling mode for the battery (10) the four-way valve (27) thermally-fluidically separates the first coolant circuit (11) from the second coolant circuit (14) and from the third coolant circuit (18).Motor vehicle, in particular electric vehicle or battery-electric vehicle or hybrid electric motor vehicle, having a thermal management system (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 10.

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