Rail bearings

Abstract

Rail bearing (1), in particular intended for use for the elastic support of a rail (2), comprising a lower base plate (3) and an upper bearing plate (4) to be attached to the base plate (3), wherein the bearing plate (4) is intended for supporting a rail foot (5) of the rail (2), wherein an elastic spring element (6) designed as a hollow body is provided between the bearing plate (4) and the base plate (3) for deflection of the bearing plate (4) relative to the base plate (3), characterized by that the base plate (3) has a projection (9), in particular circular in cross-section, for arranging and / or fastening the spring element (6), wherein the spring element (6) is placed on the projection (9) of the base plate (3), and / or that the bearing plate (4) has a pin (11) on a bottom surface (10) facing the base plate (3) for positioning the spring element (6) on the base plate (3).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a rail bearing according to the preamble of claim 1, which is intended in particular for use as an elastic bearing for a rail.

[0002] Elastic rail bearings are well known in practice and in particular allow vertical deflection of the rail when installed.

[0003] Examples of type-specific rail bearings are shown in DE 199 39 500 A1 and DE 10 2019 006 949 A1.

[0004] However, the elastic rail bearings commonly used in practice have a comparatively complex design, which makes the assembly and disassembly of the entire rail bearing assembly more difficult. This complex installation and removal process is not only expensive but also time-consuming and, in particular, prone to errors.

[0005] Furthermore, conventional elastic rail bearings wear out at regular intervals, necessitating frequent replacement. Long-term use of an elastic rail bearing, particularly for approximately 10 years, cannot generally be guaranteed with conventional rail bearings.

[0006] The object of the present invention is now to avoid or at least substantially reduce the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art.

[0007] The aforementioned problem is solved according to the invention by a rail bearing according to claim 1. The rail bearing according to the invention is particularly intended for use in the elastic mounting of a rail. Furthermore, the rail bearing according to the invention has a lower base plate and an upper bearing plate. The terms "lower" and "upper" refer to the installed state, with the lower base plate facing the substrate.

[0008] The following statements regarding the rail bearing apply to the installed state, in particular to the unloaded state of the rail bearing.

[0009] The upper bearing plate is to be attached to the lower base plate. The bearing plate is designed to support a rail foot of the rail. The rail foot can be positioned directly or indirectly on the bearing plate.

[0010] According to the invention, an elastic spring element designed as a hollow body is provided between the bearing plate and the base plate for deflecting the bearing plate, in particular for vertical deflection of the bearing plate relative to the base plate.

[0011] The advantage of the elastic spring element is that, due to its hollow design, it has a corresponding degree of flexion, particularly under load. This significantly improves the spring properties of the spring element compared to a solid body, especially with regard to flexibility during vertical deflection when the rail is loaded.

[0012] Furthermore, a spring element designed as a hollow body allows for relatively simple arrangement and positioning on the base plate. In particular, the spring element is not composed of multiple components that require complex alignment. Consequently, the design of the elastic rail bearing can be significantly simplified, resulting in easy assembly and disassembly of the entire rail bearing.

[0013] The base plate is rigidly, and in particular permanently, connected to a substrate when installed. The bearing plate can preferably move relative to the base plate by means of the spring mechanism. This movement occurs primarily in the vertical direction, but damping and / or spring action can also be provided, at least partially, in the horizontal direction, particularly to dampen forces acting laterally on the rail.

[0014] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the spring element is ring-shaped. It is especially preferred that the spring element be designed as a circumferentially closed ring, which is further preferably rotationally symmetrical. The ring shape of the spring element is to be understood in particular as a hollow body with open end faces. This ensures easy positioning. Furthermore, the ring shape also ensures consistent and / or constant deflection for the rail bearing in the area of ​​the spring element.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer surface of the spring element is preferably concave. In this context, it is understood that the outer surface faces away from the interior of the spring element's hollow body. A concave design of the spring element allows its deformation to be controlled, particularly under load. This ensures that the spring element compresses and / or dents according to its concave outer surface and, in particular, does not buckle inwards but rather bulges outwards under load, resulting in a more pronounced concave shape on the outer surface. Thus, the behavior of the spring element under a given load can be preferably controlled, which is particularly advantageous for the overall design and alignment of the rail bearing. This also prevents the spring element from slipping and / or tearing under load.

[0016] Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment, the spring element is arranged in the central region of the base plate. In particular, the spring element is arranged in the central region of the area covered by the bearing plate. Preferably, the spring element is arranged at least substantially at the center of the area of ​​the base plate covered by the bearing plate. Such an arrangement ensures uniform compression and deformation of the rail via the bearing plate. This allows the compression behavior of the bearing plate relative to the base plate to be optimally adjusted, and preferably, this effectively prevents misalignment of the bearing plate under load.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present invention according to the invention, the base plate has a projection for arranging and / or fastening the spring element. Furthermore, according to the invention, the spring element is placed onto the projection of the base plate and / or the projection of the base plate is arranged, at least partially, within the cavity of the spring element, preferably for positioning the spring element.

[0018] According to the invention, the projection has a circular cross-section. In particular, the cross-section of the projection adapts to the inner surface of the spring element.

[0019] The projection of the base plate facilitates the assembly of the entire rail bearing, as the projection of the base plate allows the position of the spring element to be predetermined, even during assembly, which can prevent the susceptibility to errors such as incorrect positioning of the spring element and / or the risk of the spring element slipping during assembly.

[0020] Furthermore, in the embodiment according to the invention, the bearing plate has a pin on its underside facing the base plate for positioning the spring element on the base plate. The pin can also be guided, at least partially, into and / or arranged within the cavity of the spring element. Preferably, the pin of the bearing plate also serves to correctly align the spring element in the area of ​​the base plate covered by the bearing plate. Both the pin and the projection provide contact surfaces for the spring element, in particular for the inner surfaces of the spring element, whereby the spring element can abut the projection and / or the pin under load. Thus, the pin ensures, in particular, that the forces from the rail can be transferred via the bearing plate to the base plate, and at the same time, a damping effect or deflection can be provided by the spring element.

[0021] Preferably, a screw with a screw head is guided through an opening in the bearing plate and screwed into a threaded bore in the projection of the base plate. In this way, the screw connects the bearing plate to the base plate, particularly by means of a force-fit connection. The screw can, in particular, act as a lifting-prevention device for the base plate, ensuring that, under load, the bearing plate does not lift off the base plate in an undesirable manner and / or shift relative to it. The screw can be designed such that it has an external thread complementary to the internal thread of the projection. In particular, the screw may not have an external thread in the area that, in the installed state, is located within the opening of the bearing plate. The screw can be designed and arranged in such a way that movement of the bearing plate relative to the base plate is ensured during compression.For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous that the screw is arranged in the bearing plate, but preferably does not interact with the bearing plate via a thread.

[0022] A recess for the screw head is particularly preferred in the bearing plate, whereby the screw head is completely countersunk in the recess when screwed in. This countersinking of the screw head ensures that even if the bearing plate is pulled and / or pushed against the base plate under load from the rail, the screw head does not strike the rail foot. Consequently, the screw also adapts to the maximum possible deflection of the bearing plate relative to the base plate.

[0023] In a further preferred embodiment, a resilient fixing element, in particular an elastomer ring, is arranged between the screw head and the bottom of the recess for the screw. The fixing element can be located, in particular, directly below the screw head and preferably rests on grooves of the pin that can form the bottom of the recess, the grooves defining the opening of the pin for the screw shank. Preferably, in the installed state, the fixing element ensures that relative movement between the bearing plate and the base plate is maintained without the screw loosening from the base plate. This preferably ensures that unintentional loosening of the screw can be avoided even during long-term use of the rail bearing.

[0024] In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the spring element can ensure a distance between the bearing plate and the base plate of at least 1 mm, preferably from at least 1 mm to 15 mm, more preferably from at least 2 mm to 10 mm, and particularly from at least 4 mm ± 20%, when unloaded. In particular, the distance in the unloaded state also corresponds to the maximum deflection of the bearing plate relative to the base plate, so that the maximum deflection is particularly between at least 2 mm and 10 mm, and more preferably 4 mm ± 20%. This deflection, which can be ensured particularly in the vertical direction during installation, can reliably dampen the maximum forces acting on the rail that occur in practice. It is understood that in some areas the base plate and the bearing plate can also be spaced further apart.The aforementioned distance in the unloaded state represents, in particular, the minimum distance or the smallest possible distance. This prevents the bearing plate from unintentionally striking the base plate.

[0025] In a further preferred embodiment, the bearing plate has a circumferential outer collar to delineate the area of ​​the base plate covered by the bearing plate. The outer collar is particularly preferably provided at the edge of the bearing plate. The aforementioned minimum distance between the bearing plate and the base plate results in particular between the underside of the collar, which faces the base plate, and the upper side of the base plate, which faces the collar. The collar can particularly surround the spring element and is preferably arranged in a cavity between the bearing plate and the base plate.

[0026] Preferably, at least one outer projection is provided in a cavity between the base plate and the bearing plate to form an inner and an outer cavity region. The outer projection can be formed on the bearing plate or the base plate. The collar can particularly preferably delineate this cavity or enclose it in the installed state.

[0027] In particular, the outer projection has inner side surfaces facing the inner cavity area and outer side surfaces opposite the inner side surfaces. Specifically, the outer projection is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate facing the bearing plate and / or on the lower surface of the bearing plate facing the base plate, and in particular, is integrally formed with it.

[0028] Furthermore, the spring element can be arranged in the inner cavity area, preferably centrally within the inner cavity area. A gap for deflection can also be provided between the outer projection and the bearing plate or between the outer projection and the base plate – depending on where the outer projection is located.

[0029] The outer projection preferably has a cross-section that is at least essentially trapezoidal.

[0030] In particular, an elastic, especially circumferential, intermediate layer is provided adjacent to the outer side surfaces of the outer projection. The preferred trapezoidal cross-section can then particularly preferably be arranged against the intermediate layer, so that the intermediate layer is particularly preferably oriented obliquely and / or wedge-shaped in the installed state. Preferably, the intermediate layer has a shell thickness that is at least substantially constant in the unloaded state.

[0031] In a further preferred embodiment, the bearing plate is fitted over the outer projection, the cavity between the base plate and the bearing plate, over the spring element and the elastic intermediate layer, preferably with its collar. Thus, in the installed state, the bearing plate can cover the elastic intermediate layer and the spring element, and preferably protect them from dirt. This also ensures that the forces acting on the bearing plate are reliably transferred into the base plate via the spring element and preferably via the elastic intermediate layer.

[0032] Preferably, the elastic intermediate layer is designed as a hollow body with a closed shell and preferably open end faces. The elastic intermediate layer preferably has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. In cross-section, the elastic intermediate layer preferably has a substantially parallelogram-shaped cross-section. Accordingly, the elastic intermediate layer can be enclosed, in particular, between the inside of the collar and the outer side surfaces of the outer projection, and thus be inclined. Particularly preferably, the inner side surfaces of the collar facing the outer projection are inclined, especially wherein the elastic intermediate layer is enclosed without play in the transverse direction between the outer side surface of the outer projection facing the collar and the inner side surfaces of the collar facing the outer projection.When the bearing plate is loaded, the elastic intermediate layer can expand, particularly in the space between the underside of the collar and the top of the base plate. A space can also be provided between the elastic intermediate layer and the top of the base plate. It is particularly preferred that the elastic intermediate layer is aligned, at least substantially, with the collar of the bearing plate in the unloaded state.

[0033] In particular, the angle between the inner side surfaces of the collar and the underside of the bearing plate facing the base plate is greater than 90°, preferably between 91° and 150°, and more preferably between 95° and 120°. This obtuse angle preferably ensures an inclined orientation of the inner side surfaces of the collar and, more preferably, of the elastic intermediate layer in the installed state. This inclined orientation allows for optimal cushioning of the lateral forces acting on the rail. The spring element can thus be designed to cushion the forces acting vertically on the rail, while the elastic intermediate layer can additionally serve to cushion the lateral or horizontal forces. In this way, the forces acting on the rail can be optimally absorbed, dissipated, and / or damped.This is ensured in particular by the inclined arrangement of the elastic intermediate layer to dampen the forces acting laterally on the rail.

[0034] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the elastic intermediate layer and / or the underside of the collar facing the base plate has a distance of at least 1 mm, preferably at least 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably at least 2 mm to 8 mm, and particularly 4 mm ± 20%, from the top surface of the base plate facing the bearing plate when unloaded. The aforementioned distance is, in particular, the minimum distance between the elastic intermediate layer or the underside of the collar facing the base plate and the top surface of the base plate. This distance allows for a deflection, particularly in the vertical direction.

[0035] Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the outer projection facing the bearing plate has a distance of at least 1 mm, preferably at least 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably at least 2 mm to 8 mm, and particularly 4 mm ± 20%, from the underside of the bearing plate facing the base plate. In particular, the distance between the upper surface of the outer projection and the underside of the bearing plate is at least substantially equal to the distance between the elastic base plate and / or the underside of the collar and the upper surface of the base plate. The distance between the upper surface of the outer projection and the underside of the bearing plate can also be greater than the distance between the elastic intermediate layer and the base plate.In any case, the aforementioned distances ensure that contact between the underside of the bearing plate and the top of the outer projection and / or between the underside of the collar and the top of the base plate can be avoided, at least substantially, when the rail bearing is under load.

[0036] Particularly preferably, the screw is countersunk into the bearing plate such that, in the unloaded state, the distance between the top of the screw head and the top surface of the bearing plate facing away from the base plate is greater than the maximum deflection of the spring element and / or the elastic intermediate layer, and / or that, in the unloaded state, the distance between the top of the screw head and the top surface of the bearing plate facing away from the base plate is greater than the distance between the elastic intermediate layer and / or the underside of the collar and the top surface of the base plate facing the bearing plate. The aforementioned ratios of distances to one another ensure, in particular, that the top of the screw head is prevented from directly or indirectly contacting the rail foot when the rail bearing is loaded.Therefore, the distance between the top of the screw head and the top of the bearing plate is greater than the maximum possible deflection travel for the bearing plate. Consequently, even at maximum deflection of the bearing plate, the screw head does not strike the rail foot and thus does not impair the rail's bearing function.

[0037] Preferably, the bearing plate is designed as a ribbed plate. A ribbed plate is a type of plate or substrate for rails, commonly used in track construction. Ribbed plates have at least two ribs, particularly those attached to the upper surface. These ribs may be interrupted, particularly in the middle, with the interruption being designed to accommodate screws for fastening clamping devices such as clamping plates and / or tension clamps. The ribs give rise to the term "rib" in ribbed plate.

[0038] Preferably, the rail foot of a laid-on rail can be positioned between the slats.

[0039] Furthermore, clamping clips can be arranged on the rails to secure the rail to the bearing plate. These clamping clips can be fixed to the bearing plate using fasteners such as screws or similar devices. The base plate itself can be securely connected to a substrate using additional fasteners, particularly sleeper screws.

[0040] The clamping clamps also ensure damping of the rail and reliably transfer the load on the rail into the bearing plate and from the bearing plate into the base plate. The rail bearing according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for supporting rails mounted on ribbed plates.

[0041] Especially for a ribbed plate, this results in optimal deflection under load.

[0042] Preferably, the base plate has a predominantly rectangular shape when viewed from above. The base plate can, in particular, be wider than the bearing plate. The bearing plate can also, and especially preferably, have a rectangular shape when viewed from above, and is, in particular, at least substantially square when viewed from above.

[0043] Furthermore, a cover can be provided to close and / or cover the gap between the collar of the bearing plate and the top of the base plate, and in particular, it can be attached to the top of the base plate. The cover can, in particular, protect the cavity between the bearing plate and the base plate from the ingress of dirt particles, liquids, or the like, so that the bearing or the elastic deflection via the spring element and preferably via the elastic intermediate layer is not impaired. However, a gap between the collar and the base plate is necessary to prevent the collar from striking the base plate under maximum load. This gap can now be effectively closed by the cover. The cover can also, at least substantially, prevent unwanted tampering by third parties.For this purpose, the cover can be firmly connected to the base plate, in particular by means of a force-fit connection via at least one screw connection. Preferably, two screw connections, in particular the sill screws, are provided for fastening the cover.

[0044] To close and / or cover the gap between the collar of the bearing plate and the top of the base plate, the cover can have a protruding cover collar, particularly a circumferential one. The cover collar can have an inner opening, particularly a through-opening, for the bearing plate, wherein the inner opening is delimited or surrounded by the cover collar. The cover collar can be designed to protrude beyond the gap, preferably by at least 4 mm, more preferably by at least 10 mm. In particular, the position of the cover relative to the base plate does not change when the bearing plate is loaded.

[0045] In a further preferred embodiment, an elastic plate is provided for arrangement between the bearing plate and the rail foot. The elastic plate can thus be particularly preferably embedded between the ribs of the bearing plate, which is designed as a ribbed plate, and particularly preferably serve as a support for the rail foot. The elastic plate also ensures further elastic support for the rail and, in particular, covers the opening of the bearing plate for the screw even when installed, so that the ingress of dirt particles or the like into the opening of the bearing plate can be at least substantially reliably prevented.

[0046] Preferably, the elastic plate, spring element, and / or elastic intermediate layer are made of an elastomer. An elastomer can, in particular, provide the necessary spring-like elastic properties for the aforementioned elements. Alternatively or additionally, the material of the elastic plate, spring element, and / or elastic intermediate layer can have a Shore A hardness between 40 and 100 Shore A, preferably between 50 and 80 Shore A, and more preferably between 60 and 70 Shore A. A material with the aforementioned Shore hardness provides, in particular, the necessary stability for the operation of the rail, but also allows for elastic deflection when the rails are loaded. Thus, the material, especially of the spring element and / or elastic intermediate layer, can be optimally adapted to the usage situation.

[0047] Particularly preferably, the spring element and the elastic intermediate layer have at least substantially the same material and / or a material with at least substantially the same Shore hardness, whereby deviations of up to 10% can also be understood according to the invention.

[0048] Further features, advantages and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing and the drawing itself.

[0049] It shows: Fig. 1 a schematic perspective representation of a rail bearing according to the invention, Fig. 2 a schematic perspective representation of a further embodiment of a rail bearing according to the invention, Fig. 3 a schematic perspective representation of parts of the in Fig. 2 shown rail bearings, Fig. 4 a schematic perspective representation of the in Fig. 3 parts shown with inserted spring element according to the invention, Fig. 5 a schematic perspective exploded view of a bearing plate and a base plate according to the invention, Fig. 6 a schematic perspective view with a partial section of a further embodiment of a rail bearing according to the invention, Fig. 7 a schematic exploded view of a further embodiment of a rail bearing according to the invention and Fig. 8 a schematic top view of a further embodiment of a rail bearing according to the invention.

[0050] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective representation of a rail bearing 1.

[0051] The Fig. 2 shows that in Fig. Figure 1 shows a rail bearing 1 without an elastic plate 41. The elastic plate 41 can serve to arrange a rail 2. Such an elastic plate 41 may be provided, but it is not required in a rail bearing 1 according to the invention. Thus, the Fig. 2 a schematic perspective representation of a further embodiment of a rail bearing according to the invention 1.

[0052] The in Fig. The rail bearing 1 shown in Figure 2 is intended for use in the elastic support of a rail 2. The rail bearing 1 has a lower base plate 3 and an upper bearing plate 4, which is to be attached to the base plate 3. Both the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3 are in the Fig. Figure 2 shows the individual parts of the rail bearing 1. The exploded view of the rail bearing 1 clearly illustrates the individual components. Fig. 7 stands out.

[0053] The Fig. Figure 8 further shows that, in the operating state, the bearing plate 4 is intended to support a rail foot 5 of the rail 2. The previously mentioned elastic plate 41 can then optionally be provided between the rail foot 5 and the bearing plate 4.

[0054] The designation "lower" base plate 3 refers to its installation state. The base plate 3 is then attached to a substrate, for example via sill screws 18, as shown in Fig. The bearing plate 4, as shown in figure 8, is attached. The bearing plate 4, in turn, serves to arrange – either directly or indirectly – the rail 2.

[0055] An elastic spring element 6, designed as a hollow body, is provided between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3 for deflection of the bearing plate 4 relative to the base plate 3.

[0056] The spring element 6 is clearly illustrated, for example, by the Fig. 4 in the state placed on the base plate 3, but also from the Fig. 7.

[0057] The spring element 6 thus enables relative movement between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3, and in particular a deflection of the bearing plate 4, which is intended to compensate for and / or dissipate forces or stresses acting on the rail 2. In particular, vertical deflection of the bearing plate 4 is enabled. However, if required, forces acting laterally on the rail 2 can also be dampened by the elastic spring element 6.

[0058] Fig. Figure 7 shows that the spring element 6 is ring-shaped, specifically as a circumferentially closed, rotationally symmetrical ring. The ring-shaped form is characterized in particular by a closed lateral surface and open end faces. The cross-section of the spring element 6 can also be at least substantially circular.

[0059] In Fig. Figure 6 shows a partial sectional view in which the outer surface 7 of the spring element 6 is concave. This concave shape of the outer surface 7 allows the compression behavior of the spring element 6 to be optimized when the rail 2 is loaded, and in particular, allows the deformation under the corresponding load to be controlled.

[0060] In Fig. Figure 4 shows that the spring element 6 is arranged in the central region 8 of the base plate 3. The central region 8 of the base plate 3 is also defined by the area of ​​the base plate 3 covered by the bearing plate 4. Particularly preferably, the spring element 6 can be arranged at least substantially at the center of the area of ​​the base plate 3 covered by the bearing plate 4.

[0061] In Fig. Figure 3 shows that the base plate 3 has a projection 9 for arranging and / or fastening the spring element 6. Fig. Figure 3 further shows that the projection 9 is at least substantially circular in cross-section. The projection 9 serves to allow the spring element 6 to be placed onto it, or to allow the projection 9 to be positioned within the cavity of the spring element 6, as can be seen schematically in the Fig. 4 and the Fig. 5, but also from the Fig. 6 emerges. Fig. 6 shows the in Fig. 5 components shown in the connected state as well as a partial section in perspective view through the bearing plate 4.

[0062] In the Fig. Figure 6 shows that the bearing plate 4 has a pin 11 on its underside 10, facing the base plate 3, for positioning the spring element 6 on the base plate 3. The pin 11 can be positioned at least partially within the cavity of the spring element 6, or the spring element 6 can be fitted at least partially over the pin 11 of the bearing plate 4.

[0063] The position of the spring element 6 in the operating state is particularly preferred, as it is determined by both the pin 11 and the projection 9, which ensures particularly easy assembly and long-term use of the entire rail bearing 1.

[0064] Furthermore, unwanted slippage of the spring element 6, either during assembly or in the state of use, can be at least substantially prevented by positioning it using the pin 11 and the projection 9.

[0065] In Fig. Figure 5 shows the bearing plate 4 in its unused state, i.e., in the state not attached to the base plate 3. Fig. Figure 5 ultimately shows a partial exploded view. Fig. Figure 5 further illustrates that a screw 13, having a screw head 12, is guided through an opening 14 in the bearing plate 4 and screwed into a threaded bore 15 in the projection 9 of the base plate 3. The screw 13 can have an external thread complementary to the threaded bore 15, so that the screw 13 can be frictionally connected to the base plate 3. In the area of ​​the opening 14 of the bearing plate 4, the screw 13 cannot have an external thread and, in particular, cannot be frictionally connected to the bearing plate 4. Ultimately, the screw 13 serves to prevent the bearing plate 4 from lifting off the base plate 3 in the installed state. Thus, the screw 13 fixes the bearing plate 4 to the base plate 3.

[0066] The bearing plate 4 can have a recess 16 for the screw head 12, wherein the screw head 12 is completely countersunk in the recess 16, as shown by the Fig. Figure 2 shows. In particular, the screw head 12 does not protrude beyond the upper surface 36 of the bearing plate 4 facing away from the base plate 3 ( Fig. 5).

[0067] In Fig. 5 and Fig. Figure 7 shows a fixing element 17 for the screw 13. The fixing element 17 can be designed as an elastomer ring. The fixing element 17 is ultimately arranged between the screw head 12 and the bottom of the recess 16, which can be formed by the groove legs of the pin 11. The fixing element 17 ensures that, particularly during relative movement between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3, the frictional connection between the screw 12 and the base plate 3 does not break, thus ensuring the anti-lift device for the bearing plate 4 even in long-term use.

[0068] It is not shown that the spring element 6 ensures a distance of at least 1 mm, and in particular 4 mm ± 20%, between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3 in the unloaded state, where this distance can be the minimum distance between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4. The distance between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4 can therefore be at least 4 mm in the unloaded state. It is understood that larger distances between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3 can also be included. In this case, the aforementioned distance refers in particular to the minimum distance between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3 in the unloaded state. The rail bearing 1 can be designed such that even with maximum deflection of the bearing plate 4, the bearing plate 4 does not directly contact the base plate 3.

[0069] The Fig. Figure 5 shows that the bearing plate 4 has a collar 19. The collar 19 serves to delineate the area of ​​the base plate 3 covered by the bearing plate 4. In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the collar 19 is formed circumferentially. In particular, the collar 19 is designed as a completely closed collar 19. The collar 19 can be arranged, in particular, on the edge sides of the bearing plate 4 and preferably projects from the upper surface 26 of the base plate 3.

[0070] The collar 19 ultimately creates a cavity 20 between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4. This cavity 20 extends, for example, from the Fig. 6. The cavity 20 between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4 can have an outer projection 21. The outer projection 21, in turn, serves to form an inner cavity region 22 and an outer cavity region 23 within the cavity 20. These cavity regions 22, 23 can be separated from each other by the outer projection 21. For this purpose, the outer projection 21 can, in particular, be circumferential, preferably closed.

[0071] It is understood that the inner and outer cavity areas 22, 23 can be connected to each other via a gap or the like. In particular, the outer cavity area 23 does not transition directly into the inner cavity area 22 at or on the upper surface 26 of the base plate 3, but rather the cavity areas 22, 23 are separated from each other by the outer projection 21.

[0072] The outer projection 21 can be provided either on the bearing plate 4 or the base plate 3. In the illustrated and preferred embodiments, the outer projection 21 is provided on the base plate 3. The other variant, namely the arrangement of the outer projection 21 on the bearing plate 4, is not shown, but can also be implemented in other equally preferred embodiments.

[0073] In Fig. Figure 3 shows that the outer projection 21 has inner side surfaces 24 facing the inner cavity area 22 and outer side surfaces 25 opposite the inner side surfaces 24. The inner and outer side surfaces 24, 25 are preferably provided circumferentially and more preferably each consist of a total of four side surfaces formed by the sides of the outer projection 21. However, more than four sides can also be provided; this ultimately depends on the shape of the outer projection 21. Fig. Figure 3 shows that the outer projection 21 is arranged, in particular formed, on the upper surface 26 of the base plate 3 facing the bearing plate 4.

[0074] It is not shown in detail that in further embodiments the outer projection 21 can be arranged on the underside 10 of the bearing plate 4 facing the base plate 3, in particular it can be integrally formed.

[0075] The one in Fig. The outer projection 21 shown in Figure 7 has a cross-section that is at least substantially trapezoidal. The trapezoidal cross-section is characterized in particular by side surfaces 24, 25 arranged obliquely to the upper surface 33 of the outer projection 21. An oblique arrangement is to be understood in particular as including an obtuse angle between the upper surface 33 of the outer projection 21 and the inner and outer side surfaces 24, 25 of the outer projection 21. The angles between the upper surface 33 of the outer projection 21 and the inner and outer side surfaces 24, 25 can be the same or different. In both embodiments, a trapezoidal shape would be present. The underside of the outer projection 21 transitions directly into the upper surface 26 of the base plate 3 and is in particular aligned with it. The upper surface 33 and the underside of the outer projection 21 can in particular be aligned parallel to each other.

[0076] In Fig. Figure 6 shows that the spring element 6 is arranged in the inner cavity region 22. The projection 9 of the base plate 3 is also arranged in the inner cavity region 22, preferably centrally in the inner cavity region 22, as shown in the Fig. 6 shows.

[0077] In addition to the spring element 6, an elastic intermediate layer 27 can also be provided, as intended. The elastic intermediate layer 27 can be arranged at least indirectly on the outer projection 21. Thus, the outer projection 21 can also separate the spring element 6 and the elastic intermediate layer 27 from each other, thereby forming an inner cavity region 22 for the spring element 6 and an outer cavity region 23 for the elastic intermediate layer 27.

[0078] The elastic intermediate layer 27 can, as shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the elastic intermediate layer 27 is arranged adjacent to, and in particular directly adjacent to, the outer side surfaces 25 of the outer projection 21. In particular, the elastic intermediate layer 27 abuts the outer side surface 25 of the outer projection 21 in the installed state. The elastic intermediate layer 27 can, in particular, be formed circumferentially.

[0079] The elastic intermediate layer 27 can also ensure elastic support for the bearing plate 4 and, consequently, for the rail 2. However, the elastic intermediate layer 27 can be designed differently from the spring element 6, thereby optimizing the damping and deflection properties for the rail 2.

[0080] In Fig. Figure 6 shows that the spring element 6 primarily provides the deflection and damping properties of the rail bearing 1. The elastic intermediate layer 27, in turn, serves as an additional elastic support, which can also be used to dampen forces acting on the rail 2 if required. In particular, the elastic intermediate layer 27 can absorb forces acting laterally on or impacting the rail 2, transfer them to the base plate 3, and preferably dampen them. Furthermore, the elastic intermediate layer 27 can expand if necessary during vertical deflection of the spring element 6, thus providing additional protection against the bearing plate 4 directly contacting the base plate 3, as the expanded intermediate layer 27 ensures a gap between the spring element 6 and the base plate 3. This is shown in Figure 6. Fig. 6 not shown, because the Fig. 6 refers to the unloaded state. Under appropriate load, a deformation of the elastic intermediate layer 27 also occurs.

[0081] In Fig. Figure 7 shows that the elastic intermediate layer 27 is designed as a hollow body with a closed shell and preferably open end faces 29, 30. The elastic intermediate layer 27 can have a shape that is at least substantially rectangular in plan view. However, other shapes, such as a ring shape, are also possible. Furthermore, the elastic intermediate layer 27 can have a cross-section that is at least substantially parallelogram-shaped.

[0082] Furthermore, the Fig. 6, that the bearing plate 4 is fitted over the outer projection 21, the cavity 20 between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4, the spring element 6 and the elastic intermediate layer 27, preferably using the collar 19. The fitting collar 19 is particularly clearly illustrated by the Fig. 6 stands out, since in the Fig. Figure 6 shows a partial section through the spring center 6 and the bearing plate 4.

[0083] As previously explained, the outer projection 21 can have inclined outer side surfaces 25. The inner side surfaces 31 of the collar 19 facing the outer projection 21 can also be inclined. In particular, the angle α between the inner side surfaces 31 and the straight underside 10 of the bearing plate 4 can be obtuse, preferably greater than 90°, and more preferably between 95° and 120°. The elastic intermediate layer 27 can be fitted without play in the transverse direction between the outer side surfaces 25 of the outer projection 21 facing the collar 19 and the inner side surfaces 31 of the collar 19 facing the outer projection 21. In particular, the elastic intermediate layer 27 is pressed in between the outer side surfaces 25 of the outer projection 21 and the inner side surfaces 31 of the collar 19.

[0084] In the installed state, different distances between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4 can be provided. Not shown is that the elastic intermediate layer 27, as well as the underside 42 of the collar 19 facing the base plate 3, has a distance of at least 1 mm, in particular 4 mm + / - 20%, from the top surface 26 of the base plate 3 facing the bearing plate 4 in the unloaded state.

[0085] It is not shown that the upper surface 33 of the outer projection 21 facing the bearing plate 4 has a distance of at least 1 mm, in particular 4 mm + / - 20%, to the lower surface 10 of the bearing plate 4 facing the base plate 3.

[0086] In particular, the two aforementioned distances are at least substantially the same, preferably with a deviation of less than 10%.

[0087] The gap between the top surface 26 and the bottom surface 42 can be at least partially filled under load, in particular by the material of the elastic intermediate layer 27.

[0088] Not shown is the additional gap provided between the top of the screw head 12 and the top surface 36 of the bearing plate 4. This gap can be larger than the gap between the top surface 26 and / or the gap between the top surface 33 and the bottom surface 10. By increasing the gap between the top of the screw head 12 and the top surface 36, it can be ensured that even under maximum compression, the top of the screw head 12 does not protrude beyond or align with the top surface 36 of the bearing plate 4, thus guaranteeing that the screw head 12 remains countersunk even under compression. This prevents unwanted damage to the rail foot 5 when the rail 2 is under load. Therefore, this gap can be larger than the maximum compression travel of the spring element 6 and / or the elastic intermediate layer 27.

[0089] In an unloaded state, the aforementioned distances are in particular clear distances.

[0090] In Fig. Figure 5 shows that the bearing plate 4 is designed as a ribbed plate. A ribbed plate has at least two ribs 37 provided on its upper surface. The ribs 37 can, in particular, be attached. The rail foot 5 of a laid-on rail 2 can be positioned between the ribs 37, in particular in a form-fitting manner, as shown in Figure 5. Fig. Figure 8 shows that the strips 37 can be interrupted, particularly in the middle. In the illustrated embodiment, the ribbed plate has two interrupted strips 37. Screws 32 for fastening clamping devices 34 and / or clamping means for gripping the rail foot 5, in particular for clamping and / or pre-tensioning the rail foot 5, can be arranged in the interruption of the strips 37, as shown in the Fig. 8 shows.

[0091] Ribbed plates are known in track construction, but are not mounted with an elastic spring means 6; this has only been made possible by the present invention.

[0092] Fig. Figure 8 shows a top view of a bearing plate 4 designed as a ribbed plate, wherein clamping clamps are used to fasten or pre-tension the rail 2 to the bearing plate 4.

[0093] In Fig. Figure 5 shows that the base plate 3 has at least a substantially rectangular shape in plan view.

[0094] In Fig. Figure 7 shows a cover 38 for closing and / or covering the gap between the collar 19 of the bearing plate 4 and the top surface 26 of the base plate 3. The cover 38 is attached to the top surface 26 of the base plate 3 in the installed state, as shown in the Fig. Figure 8 shows that the cover 38 can be fastened, in particular, using the sleeper screws 18 that secure the base plate 3. However, other fastening options for the cover 38 to the base plate 3 are also possible. The cover 38 can also have a screw opening for receiving the sleeper screws 18, just like the base plate 3. These screw openings 35 are, for example, shown in the Fig. Numbers 1 to 7 are shown.

[0095] Not shown is that the cover 38 ultimately covers the gap between the collar 19 and the top surface 26 of the base plate 3 and, in particular, projects beyond or away from the gap, preferably by at least 3 mm. This ensures that no liquid penetrates the cavity 20 and / or the outer cavity area 23 when installed, as the cavity 20 and / or the outer cavity area 23 are closed and protected by the cover 38 – both in the unloaded and loaded state of the rail bearing 1.

[0096] The cover 38 can have a particularly circumferential projecting cover rim 39, as shown in Fig. Figure 7 shows that the cover collar 39 can then be used to close and / or cover the gap between the collar 19 of the bearing plate 4 and the top surface 26 of the base plate 3, the cover collar 39 surrounding an inner opening 40 of the cover 38. The cover collar 39 can also project beyond the gap, as previously explained. This inner opening 40 serves to position the bearing plate 4, as shown in the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is shown schematically.

[0097] In Fig. Figure 1 also shows an elastic plate 41, which has already been discussed previously. The elastic plate 41 serves as an intermediate element between the bearing plate 4 and the rail foot 5.

[0098] The elastic intermediate layer 27, the spring element 6 and / or the elastic plate 41 may comprise and / or consist of an elastic material, in particular an elastomer. In particular, the material of the elastic plate 41, the spring element 6 and / or the elastic intermediate layer 27 may have a Shore hardness between 50 and 80 Shore A.

[0099] The elastic components of the rail bearing 1 - that is, the elastic plate 41, the spring element 6 and the elastic intermediate layer 27 - can have the same elastic material or different elastic materials - depending on the desired elastic deflection. Reference symbol list: 1 rail bearing 2 rail 3 Base plate 4 bearing plates 5 rail foot 6 Spring elements 7 outer surface area of ​​6 8 middle area of ​​3 9 lead out of 3 10 Bottom of 4 11 cones 12 screw heads 13 screw 14 Opening of 4 15 threaded holes of 9 16. Sinking 17 Fixatives 18 sleeper screws 19 collars out of 4 20 Cavity between 3 and 4 21 outside lead 22 inner cavity area 23 outer cavity area 24 inner side surface of 21 25 outer side surface of 21 26 Top of 3 27 elastic intermediate layer 28 mantle area of ​​27 29 Front of 27 30 Front side of 27 31 inner side surface of 19 32 screw 33 Top of 21 34 clamping clamp 35 screw opening of 3 36 Top of 4 37 strips 38 Cover 39 Cover collar 40 opening of 38 41 elastic plate 42 bottom of 19 α Angle between 31 and 10

Claims

[1] Rail bearing (1), in particular intended for use for the elastic support of a rail (2), comprising a lower base plate (3) and an upper bearing plate (4) to be attached to the base plate (3), wherein the bearing plate (4) is intended for supporting a rail foot (5) of the rail (2), wherein an elastic spring element (6) designed as a hollow body is provided between the bearing plate (4) and the base plate (3) for deflection of the bearing plate (4) relative to the base plate (3), characterized by , that the base plate (3) has a projection (9), in particular circular in cross-section, for arranging and / or fastening the spring element (6), wherein the spring element (6) is placed on the projection (9) of the base plate (3), and / or that the bearing plate (4) has a pin (11) on a bottom surface (10) facing the base plate (3) for positioning the spring element (6) on the base plate (3). [2] Rail bearing (1) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the spring means (6) is ring-shaped, in particular as a circumferentially closed, preferably rotationally symmetrical, ring, and / or that an outer lateral surface (7) of the spring means (6) is concave, and / or that the spring means (6) is arranged in a central area (8) of the base plate (3). [3] Rail bearing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that a screw (13) having a screw head (12) is guided through an opening (14) of the bearing plate (4) and is screwed into a threaded bore (15) of the projection (9) of the base plate (3) and / or that a recess (16) for the screw head (12) is provided in the bearing plate (4) and that the screw head (12) is completely countersunk in the recess (16) and / or that a resilient fixing element (17), in particular an elastomer ring, is arranged between the screw head (12) and a bottom of the recess (16) for the screw (13). [4] Rail bearing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that at least one outer projection (21) is provided in a cavity (20) between the base plate (3) and the bearing plate (4) to form an inner cavity region (22) and an outer cavity region (23), and / or that the outer projection (21) has inner side surfaces (24) facing the inner cavity region (22) and outer side surfaces (25) opposite the inner side surfaces (24), in particular wherein the outer projection (21) is arranged, in particular integrally formed, on a top surface (26) of the base plate (3) facing the bearing plate (4) and / or on the bottom surface (10) of the bearing plate (4) facing the base plate (3), and / or that the outer projection (21) has a cross-section that is at least substantially trapezoidal, and / or that the spring element (6) is arranged in the inner cavity region (22), and / or that an elastic, in particular circumferential,Intermediate layer (27) is provided. [5] Rail bearing (1) according to claim 4, characterized by , that the spring means (6) in the unloaded state ensures a distance between the bearing plate (4) and the base plate (3) of at least 1 mm, preferably of at least 1 mm to 15 mm, more preferably of at least 2 mm to 10 mm and in particular of at least 4 mm + / - 20%, and / or that the bearing plate (4) has an outer collar (19), in particular a circumferential one, for demarcating an area of ​​the base plate (3) covered by the bearing plate (4) and / or that a top surface (33) of the outer projection (21) facing the bearing plate (4) has a distance of at least 1 mm, preferably of at least 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably of at least 2 mm to 8 mm and in particular of 4 mm + / - 20%. [6] Rail bearing (1) according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized bythat the bearing plate (4) is placed over the outer projection (21), the cavity (20) between the base plate (3) and the bearing plate (4), the spring element (6) and the elastic intermediate layer (27), preferably with its collar (19). [7] Rail bearing (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized by , that the elastic intermediate layer (27) is designed as a hollow body with a closed shell area (28) and preferably open end faces (29, 30) and / or that the elastic intermediate layer (27) has a shape that is at least substantially rectangular in plan view and / or that the elastic intermediate layer (27) has a cross-section that is at least substantially parallelogram-shaped. [8] Rail bearing (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized by, that an inner side surface (31) of the collar (19) facing the outer projection (21) is inclined, in particular wherein the elastic intermediate layer (27) is enclosed without play in the transverse direction between the outer side surfaces (25) of the outer projection (21) facing the collar (19) and the inner side surfaces (31) of the collar (19) facing the outer projection (21), and / or that an angle (α) between the inner side surfaces (31) of the collar (19) and the underside (10) of the bearing plate (4) facing the base plate (3) is greater than 90°, preferably between 91° and 150°, more preferably between 95° and 120°, and / or that the elastic intermediate layer (27) and / or an underside (42) of the collar (19) facing the base plate (3) has a distance of at least 1 mm, preferably of at least 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably from at least 2 mm to 8 mm and especially from 4 mm + / - 20%,to the upper side (26) of the base plate (3) facing the bearing plate (4). [9] Rail bearing (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized by , that the screw (13) is recessed into the bearing plate (4) such that the distance in the unloaded state between the top of the screw head (12) and a top surface (36) of the bearing plate (4) facing away from the base plate (3) is greater than the maximum deflection travel of the spring means (6) and / or the elastic intermediate layer (27) and / or that the distance in the unloaded state between the top of the screw head (12) and the top surface (36) of the bearing plate (4) facing away from the base plate (3) is greater than the distance between the elastic intermediate layer (27) and / or the bottom surface (42) of the collar (19) and the top surface (26) of the base plate (3) facing the bearing plate (4). [10] Rail bearing (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the bearing plate (4) is designed as a ribbed plate with at least two upper-side provided, in particular attached, strips (37), preferably between which the rail foot (5) of the laid-on rail (2) can be positioned, in particular in a form-fitting manner, in particular wherein the strips (37) are interrupted in the middle, and / or that the base plate (3) has at least an essentially rectangular shape in top view. [11] Rail bearing (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 10, characterized by, that a cover (38) is provided for closing and / or covering a gap between the collar (19) of the bearing plate (4) and the top (26) of the base plate (3), in particular being attached to the top (26) of the base plate (3), and / or that the cover (38) has a particularly circumferential protruding cover collar (39) for closing and / or covering the gap between the collar (19) of the bearing plate (4) and the top (26) of the base plate (3), and that the cover collar (38) surrounds an inner opening (40) for the bearing plate (4). [12] Rail bearing (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 11, characterized by, that an elastic plate (41) is provided for arrangement between bearing plate (4) and rail foot (5) and / or that the elastic plate (41), the spring element (6) and / or the elastic intermediate layer (27) are made of an elastomer and / or that the material of the elastic plate (41), the spring element (6) and / or the elastic intermediate layer (27) has a Shore hardness A of between 40 and 100 Shore A, preferably of 50 and 80 Shore A, more preferably of 60 and 70 Shore A.

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