Roof structure with mounting frame

Abstract

Roof structure (10), with - at least two support channels (20) which are arranged parallel to each other in a longitudinal direction (L) and spaced apart from each other in a transverse direction (Q), - wherein the support channels (20) are each formed from aligned support channel sections (22) with bearing areas (34), wherein the ends of the support channel sections (22) are arranged to overlap each other, so that overlapping areas (23) are formed, - and plate elements (24) are each arranged between two support channels (20) such that they rest on the bearing areas (34) of the support channel sections (22), wherein the plate elements (24) are arranged overlapping in the longitudinal direction of the support channels (20), characterized in that an installation frame (50) is arranged between the support channels (20), wherein the installation frame (50) has two longitudinal frame parts (52) arranged parallel and spaced apart from each other, each with bearing surfaces (54) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) and pointing in a depth direction (T), wherein the bearing surfaces (54) each have at least two bearing surface sections (54a, 54b) arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction and a transition section (54c) between them, - wherein the support surface sections (54a, 54b) adjacent to the transition sections (54c) have an offset to each other in the depth direction (T), - and wherein the support surfaces (54) rest on the support areas (34) and the transition sections (54c) are arranged at the overlap areas (23).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a roof structure, a mounting frame for it, and a method for manufacturing such a roof structure. In particular, the invention relates to a roof structure suitable for the use of photovoltaic modules and which, by means of the mounting frame, allows the installation of elements such as skylights, chimneys, or similar built-in and add-on elements.

[0002] The term "roof structure" is used here generally for the arrangement of building components in the roof area of ​​a building. The invention relates primarily to the roof covering or outer skin of the roof and the immediately underlying (load-bearing) structure, and less so to the roof's supporting structure.

[0003] A common construction for pitched roofs consists of roof sheathing, usually supported by rafters, and a roof covering, traditionally made of overlapping roof tiles, supported on battens. This creates a closed covering that is watertight against weather conditions such as rain and wind.

[0004] Various systems are known for utilizing solar radiation on the roof surface, such as solar thermal systems and photovoltaic systems. Traditionally, these are mounted on the roof above the roof covering using adapted support systems. Proposals have also been put forward for how elements for utilizing solar radiation on the roof surface, especially photovoltaic modules, can be integrated into the roof structure.

[0005] German patent DE 10034655 A1 describes a device for utilizing solar energy in which the roof covering is modified to create a free airflow channel between two layers, through which air heated by solar energy flows. This is achieved by a double roof covering. The covering facing the sun consists of glass roof tiles. To simultaneously generate heat and electrical energy, a radiation-absorbing layer can be incorporated as a photovoltaic layer.

[0006] WO 2019 / 168536 A1 describes the manufacture of photovoltaic structures, and in particular photovoltaic roof tiles. Solar cells are encapsulated under glass covers. Photovoltaic roof tiles can be arranged in an overlapping pattern and connected laterally by spacers. The spacers may have a groove on their upper surface, forming a visible gap between the roof tiles.

[0007] German patent DE 20 2007 000 526 U1 describes a modular energy generation system. Several energy modules, such as solar thermal modules or photovoltaic modules, are arranged side-by-side on a sloping mounting surface of a pitched roof. The energy modules are positioned around a foreign element, such as a skylight. A separate mounting frame is provided for each energy module and each foreign element, and the mounting frame includes connecting elements for mechanically connecting adjacent energy modules or for connecting the skylight to adjacent energy modules.

[0008] DE 197 34 346 describes a roof penetration flashing. A flashing kit comprises a lower part, side sections, and an upper frame section. The flashing kit defines an opening in the roof surface. A drip edge rests against a component penetrating the roof surface and is also positively locked to the flashing kit by means of plug-in connections.

[0009] DE 44 44 439 A1 describes a solar energy system and a mounting element for it. On the pitched roof of a house, flat components such as photovoltaic modules or hot water collectors are arranged along both sides of the roof ridge and connected to each other across it, so that the forces acting down the slope are approximately in static equilibrium in the area of ​​the roof ridge. A mounting element for flat components of solar energy systems comprises a flat frame with a receiving opening corresponding to the circumference of the solar element and with devices for fastening it to adjacent mounting elements.

[0010] DE 195 29 351 A1 describes a device for fastening plate-shaped components, in particular solar modules and solar collectors, to inclined surfaces, especially pitched roofs. The plate-shaped components are arranged in a shingle-like pattern in the longitudinal direction, with the front end of the uppermost component overlapping the rear end of the component below it. The lower ends of each plate-shaped component are hooked onto profiles, each profile having lateral bearing surfaces and an intermediate recess.

[0011] The task can be seen as specifying a roof structure of simple construction that is suitable for the integration of photovoltaic modules and allows for the easy installation or addition of elements such as skylights or chimneys.

[0012] The problem is solved by a roof structure according to claim 1, a mounting frame according to claim 13 and a method according to claim 14. Dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments of the invention.

[0013] The roof structure according to the invention comprises a structure into which a mounting frame is inserted. The structure of the roof assembly includes at least two, preferably more, parallel support channels and overlapping panel elements resting on them. Preferably, the panel elements form the upper edge of the roof membrane and are thus exposed without any further covering arranged above them.

[0014] At least two support channels run parallel to each other in a longitudinal direction and are spaced apart in a transverse direction. Each support channel is formed from aligned support channel sections with bearing areas. The ends of the support channel sections overlap each other, creating overlapping areas. The plate elements are positioned between two support channels so that they rest on the bearing areas of the support channel sections. The plate elements overlap along the longitudinal direction of the support channels.

[0015] The support channels preferably have a channel shape. The bearing areas for the panel elements are preferably flat and arranged and designed such that the panel elements advantageously rest along their entire length, either directly or preferably with a seal in between. The bearing areas are preferably located on both sides of the support channels, on opposite sides.

[0016] The panel elements can preferably be transparent covers, e.g., made of glass, in which case photovoltaic modules can be arranged below the panel elements, preferably at a distance from the panel elements. In an alternative embodiment, the panel elements themselves can be photovoltaic modules. A preferred embodiment is one in which a space protected by the transparent covers is formed below the panel elements, in which one or more photovoltaic modules are arranged.

[0017] The aligned arrangement of the support channel sections, which partially overlap at the ends, creates a stepped structure. This arrangement securely holds and supports the overlapping plate elements, ensuring a full-surface connection and seal against the support channels. Simultaneously, the interlocking ends of the overlapping support channel sections create a strong connection and perfectly aligned surface.

[0018] The support channel sections can preferably be profiles of a consistently uniform shape, preferably made of metal, e.g., aluminum or steel. Drawn profiles, extruded profiles, rolled profiles, or similar materials can be used; preferably, sheet metal profiles bent in a press. Preferably, the support channel sections are at least substantially the same length (i.e., with a maximum deviation of + / - 15%), although larger deviations are permissible, particularly at the ends of the support channels. The length of the support channel sections can be, for example, 30–200 cm, preferably 40–120 cm, and particularly preferably 50–100 cm. The dimensions determine the length of the panel elements (measured in the direction of the roof slope); here, the above-mentionedLength ranges have proven useful, although deviations are possible for different formats of panel elements. The overlap area, in which the front end of an upper support channel section engages the rear end of a lower support channel section, preferably has a shorter length relative to the lower and / or upper support channel section of less than 25%, preferably 15% or less, and preferably 10% or less. In fact, even a small overlap of, for example, at least one centimeter is sufficient to achieve the desired stepped arrangement; an overlap length of, for example, 4–12 cm is preferred.

[0019] The panel elements rest on the support channels and are preferably secured there against displacement and lifting. In principle, they can be attached to the support channels in various ways for such securing, e.g., by positive locking, screwing, clamping, gluing, or similar methods. In a preferred embodiment, hold-down devices can be arranged on the panel elements and connected to the support channels. The panel elements are thus held from at least two opposite sides: on the underside by bearing against the support areas and on the top side by the hold-down devices. The hold-down devices can, for example, be designed as flat elements such as plates and can include an angled section that encompasses an edge of a panel element. Preferably, the hold-down devices are arranged at the edge of the panel elements and particularly preferably in the area of ​​their corners. The connection of the hold-down devices to the support channels can be, for example,The clamping device can be formed by a bridge, a wall, or—preferably—by a tension rod, in particular a threaded bolt. Preferably, a clamping device can be arranged so that it overlaps two adjacent plate elements and can thus fix both plate elements simultaneously.

[0020] It is possible, in principle, to arrange the retainers in the overlap area of ​​two channel sections and connect them to the channel there, particularly to the upper of the overlapping channel sections. Preferably, however, the retainers are arranged adjacent to, but advantageously outside, the overlap area of ​​two channel sections and connected to the channel there. The connection is preferably made to the lower of the overlapping channel sections, for example, to a web attached to opposite side walls. An adjacent arrangement is understood to mean that the retainer and / or a fastening element for it (such as a bolt or screw) is arranged longitudinally along the channel directly in front of the overlap area or at a small distance (measured from the respective center of the retainer or fastening element to the edge of the adjacent overlap area) from, for example, the lower of the overlapping channel sections.less than 10% of the length of the lower channel section, preferably less than 5%, particularly preferably 3% or less. While it is possible to provide an element penetrating the bottom of the channel sections, such as a rod, for fastening the retainer, the fastening preferably does not involve penetrating the wall of the channel sections in order to maintain watertightness.

[0021] The support channel sections can, in principle, have various cross-sectional shapes, e.g., U-shaped or V-shaped. While the support channel sections can be shaped differently in the overlap area than along their remaining length, they preferably have the same cross-sectional shape along their entire length, which is then preferably stackable. A trapezoidal cross-sectional shape of the support channel sections is particularly preferred, i.e., a flat base from which straight side walls extend at oblique, outward-facing angles. The bearing areas can preferably extend from the side walls as outward-facing bends, preferably parallel to the base. The trapezoidal shape is particularly suitable because the resulting support channel sections can be manufactured cost-effectively and precisely, exhibit good stability, and, in particular, the support channel sections can be easily nested to create the overlap.The straight contact surfaces on the walls and floor can be easily sealed against each other and / or attached to each other if necessary.

[0022] The arrangement of the plate elements and the support channel sections is preferably such that a closed, preferably sealed, interior space is formed beneath the plate elements. For this purpose, it is preferred that the plate elements seal against the bearing areas of the support channel sections, for example, by a precisely fitting, flat surface contact or, preferably, by an interposed seal, e.g., made of flexible sealing material. It is also further preferred that the plate elements are arranged to seal against each other in the overlap area, again by a precisely fitting contact or—preferably—by interposed sealing elements made of flexible sealing material. In this way, the interior space can be sealed against the top surface, preferably with a seal at least against splashing water, and most preferably even at least substantially airtight.

[0023] Such a seal initially protects the roof from weather influences such as wind and rain, but also allows for controlled airflow within the interior. When sunlight shines on the roof, especially through transparent coverings, the air in the enclosed space heats up. By directing the airflow within the interior, this heat can be dissipated, for example, for heating purposes. Another important aspect of the airflow is maintaining an optimal temperature range within the interior for the proper functioning of the photovoltaic modules.By removing warm air, the photovoltaic modules, which are either arranged as panel elements within the enclosure of the interior or - preferably - within the interior, are cooled in strong sunlight, thus preventing overheating and allowing the photovoltaic modules to be operated efficiently within a favorable temperature range.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, pipes can be provided for air distribution. These pipes can also be part of the supporting structure for the support troughs. For example, the support troughs can be mounted on transverse pipes, and these transverse pipes can have openings on their upper surface for supplying and extracting air from the interior. For example, a number of parallel transverse pipes can be provided, each alternately connected to supply and extract air from the interior, thus enabling circulation and continuous removal of heated air.

[0025] The interior is preferably also enclosed at the bottom, preferably by a floor that is spaced apart from the panel elements and preferably arranged at least substantially parallel to them (the slight inclination possible due to the overlapping arrangement of the panel elements is still considered substantially parallel). The floor can, for example, be formed at least partially by one or more insulation panels. If the aforementioned transverse tubes are provided, insulation panels can preferably be arranged between the transverse tubes, and it is possible for the insulation panels to overlap the transverse tubes completely or partially.

[0026] When arranging photovoltaic modules indoors, it is preferred that airflow areas are formed both above and below the modules, i.e., the modules are preferably spaced apart from a cover above and a floor below. This allows the desired operating temperature range of the modules to be maintained by the airflow around them. The photovoltaic modules can preferably be mounted on spacers indoors, which can further preferably be attached to the crossbeams.

[0027] According to the invention, the roof structure comprises at least one mounting frame inserted into the described structure. As explained above, the overlapping panel elements, preferably arranged in a row between two support gutters, form a continuous, sealed roof surface. More preferably, a plurality of such rows of panel elements are arranged side by side in the transverse direction to form the continuous roof surface. Preferably, a cutout is left open between two of the support gutters in which the mounting frame is inserted. Preferably, panel elements are arranged longitudinally above and below the mounting frame.

[0028] The mounting frame, like the panel elements, is arranged between the support channels. The mounting frame has two parallel longitudinal frame sections spaced apart from each other, each with bearing surfaces. The bearing surfaces extend longitudinally and are oriented in a depth direction. Preferably, the bearing surfaces are flat and extend perpendicular to the depth direction, i.e., the surface normal is oriented in the depth direction, so that they are preferably arranged at least substantially parallel to the roof plane. The bearing surfaces are preferably strip-shaped and preferably extend over the entire length of the longitudinal frame sections.

[0029] The support surfaces each have at least two longitudinally arranged support surface sections with a transition section between them. The support surface sections are offset from each other in the depth direction adjacent to the transition sections. For example, both support surface sections can be planar, but in planes offset from each other in the depth direction. The transition sections between the support surface sections preferably form a transition bridging the offset, which can be, for example, gradually curved in the form of a ramp, or—preferably—designed as a step.

[0030] This form of support surface allows it to rest on the support areas of the support channels, which also have an offset due to the overlap of the support channels, with the transition sections being arranged at the overlap areas, preferably adjacent to them.

[0031] A mounting frame is provided that integrates seamlessly into the existing roof structure. The ability to install it over a large area, ideally spanning essentially the entire length of the underlying gutter sections, ensures high stability and a reliable seal.

[0032] Preferably, the mounting frame is closed at least at one longitudinal end, and preferably completely. The longitudinal frame members can be connected by transverse frame members. The mounting frame is preferably rectangular, although in principle other shapes such as trapezoidal shapes are also possible. The transverse frame members can also have bearing surfaces that extend at least substantially in the depth direction. The bearing surfaces of the longitudinal and transverse frame members preferably form a circumferential support frame.

[0033] Preferably, the mounting frame has a circumferential wall that extends at least partially, and essentially, in the depth direction. "At least essentially" means that the orientation of the wall does not have to be exactly perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions of the roof structure along all frame parts, but that an angle deviating from 90° is possible, for example, to compensate for the roof pitch, so that the wall extends vertically in the case of a pitched roof.

[0034] The bearing surfaces can be formed from several parts or components. For example, a step or other transition between the bearing surface sections can be formed at the respective transition section by additional elements such as a bridging sealing material or an attached transition piece. Preferably, however, the bearing surfaces are formed in one piece, i.e., from a continuous piece of material, e.g., bent and / or folded sheet metal.

[0035] The mounting frame can be made of sheet metal, at least in sections. In particular, elements of the mounting frame, such as bearing surfaces and walls, can be made predominantly or entirely of sheet metal. The bearing surfaces can be formed as folded edges and be integral with parts of the walls. Preferably, the bearing surfaces can be integral with the respective longitudinal or transverse frame section, for example, from a bent / folded continuous piece of sheet metal.

[0036] According to a preferred embodiment, the mounting frame can have an inwardly projecting collar. Such a collar can serve to support a component to be inserted into the mounting frame, such as a skylight. The collar preferably has one or more support surfaces oriented opposite to the depth direction. It can extend at least partially along the longitudinal and / or transverse frame members, preferably over the entire length of at least two opposing frame members. Particularly preferably, the collar is arranged circumferentially on all frame members such that it projects inwardly into the mounting frame.

[0037] The collar can preferably be attached to the wall of the mounting frame, and is particularly preferably formed integrally with it. The collar is preferably spaced away from the bearing surfaces in the depth direction, so that load-bearing elements such as skylights can be recessed within the roof surface.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the roof structure's support channels are mounted on transverse tubes, with at least one transverse tube being interrupted in the area of ​​the mounting frame. This allows the use of a mounting frame, for example for a large roof window, that has a greater longitudinal length than the distance between the transverse tubes.

[0039] The method according to the invention provides for the production of the roof structure described above, which includes the production of the described structure and the insertion of the mounting frame therein. The formation of the structure comprises the steps of forming the support channels from aligned and overlapping support channel sections, arranging the support channels on the roof surface, and arranging the overlapping panel elements on the bearing areas of the support channel sections.

[0040] A mounting frame with two parallel longitudinal frame sections, each with longitudinally extending and depth-oriented bearing surfaces, is arranged between the support channels. The bearing surfaces each have at least two longitudinally arranged bearing surface sections and a transition section between them. The bearing surface sections are offset from each other in the depth direction at the transition sections, preferably adjacent to them.

[0041] The mounting frame is arranged so that the support surfaces rest on the support areas and the transition sections are arranged at the overlap areas.

[0042] The steps mentioned can be performed in different orders.

[0043] An embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to drawings, beginning with Fig. Figures 1-7 show a roof structure without a mounting frame, which is not claimed separately here, and Fig. Figures 8-12 show the mounting frame and the roof structure with mounting frame as embodiments of the invention: Fig. 1 a roof structure with a roof structure, initially without a mounting frame, in a schematic side view of the roof area of ​​a building with a sloping roof; Fig. 2 a part of the roof structure made of Fig. 1 in perspective view; Fig. 3 a side view of part of the roof structure made of Fig. 1, Fig. 2; Fig. 4. A view of the section through the roof structure along section line A..A. Fig. 2; Fig. 5 a view of the section through the roof structure along section line B..B in Fig. 2; Fig. 6. A view of the section through the roof structure along section line C..C. Fig. 2; Fig. 7 elements of the roof structure made of Fig. 2 - 6 in an exploded view Fig. 8 a mounting frame in perspective view; Fig. 9 in perspective view an embodiment of a roof structure with a roof structure and a mounting frame to be inserted therein; Fig. 10 in perspective view of the roof structure made of Fig. 9 with mounting frame inserted; Fig. 11, Fig. 12 sectional views of parts of the roof structure with the mounting frame inserted according to Fig. 10.

[0044] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a roof structure 10 on a sloping roof of a building 12. The structure of the roof structure 10 is described with regard to Fig. 1-7 explained. The following sections will address with regard to Fig. 8-12 explains a mounting frame 50 and its installation into the structure of the roof structure 10.

[0045] Here and in the following, the presentation focuses on the external roof structure, i.e., in particular the roof covering, irrespective of the supporting roof construction, of which only one of a plurality of roof beams 14 is shown here as an example.

[0046] The roof structure 10 comprises a substructure 30 with transverse tubes 16 and insulation panels 18 arranged between them, and a superstructure 32 with supporting gutters 20 attached to it (of which in Fig. 1 a support channel 20 shown in side view) and plate elements 24 resting on it.

[0047] The cross tubes 16 run perpendicular to the drawing surface of the Fig. 1 in a direction which is referred to below as the transverse direction. A plurality of transverse tubes 16 are arranged parallel to each other and regularly spaced apart from each other within the roof surface in a direction which is referred to here as the longitudinal direction.

[0048] As an expert will readily recognize, the depicted roof structure 10 is a regularly repeating structure with a plurality of cross tubes 16, support channels 20, and plate elements 24. The drawings show only parts of the repeating structure, for example in Fig. 1 six parallel cross tubes 16 and in Fig. 2 four parallel transverse tubes 16 as well as three support channels 20 and two longitudinally arranged rows of plate elements 24. Furthermore, for better visibility of the elements, no side terminations are shown in the drawings, although these are preferably present in the form of circumferential covers in a complete roof structure 10.

[0049] As is particularly evident from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, each of the support channels 20 is formed from longitudinally aligned support channel sections 22. Each support channel section 22 is formed in one piece from a profile of bent sheet metal, approximately 80 cm long in the preferred example, and has a continuous trapezoidal cross-sectional shape (which is also formed from the Fig. (as can be seen in section 4) with a flat base and two side walls projecting obliquely at opposite angles, from which outwardly projecting support areas 34 extend at the upper edge. The support channel sections 22 are, as also shown in the diagram, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 can be seen, at their end regions overlapping and nested over a length of approximately 7 cm in the preferred example, so that overlapping areas 23 are formed.

[0050] The panel elements 24 are placed on the support surfaces 34, with a flexible seal inserted between them (not shown in the drawings). In the preferred embodiment shown, the panel elements 24 are flat, transparent glass panes. They form the upper termination of the roof structure 10. The panel elements 24 bridge two adjacent support channels 20, each resting on the opposite support surfaces 34. Between the support channels 20 and below the panel elements 24, enclosed interior spaces 36 are thus formed, which are wind- and rain-tight from the outside.

[0051] The plate elements 24 are arranged overlapping each other in the longitudinal direction ( Fig. 5), wherein as in Fig. Figure 2 shows that the plate element 24 arranged higher in the direction of the roof slope overlaps the plate element 24 arranged below it over an overlap area 23 of a few centimeters. Flexible seals are arranged between the plate elements 24 in the overlap area 23.

[0052] The nested, partially overlapping arrangement of the support channel sections 22 allows for the overlapping arrangement of the plate elements 24 resting on them, with full-surface contact on the support areas 34. The plate elements 24 are thus supported along their entire length (in the longitudinal direction), enabling a sealing contact.

[0053] The panel elements are attached to the support channels 20 by hold-down devices 26. The hold-down devices 26 are made, in particular, of Fig. 4, Fig. Figure 5 shows beveled plates that rest on the top surface of the plate elements 24 and engage their longitudinally downward-pointing end edge in the direction of the roof slope. The hold-downs 26 are each arranged in the area of ​​the longitudinally downward corners of the plate elements 24.

[0054] The hold-down devices 26 are held by hold-down bolts 38, which are fastened with nuts to crossbars 40 that are fixed in the support channel sections 22 between the side walls. The crossbars 40 are each fastened in the area of ​​the rear ends of the support channel sections 22, but with a slight distance from the rear end, so that the hold-down devices 26 and hold-down bolts 38 are each arranged adjacent to the areas 23 of the overlap of the end sections of the support channel sections 22. As shown in Fig. Figure 5 shows an example of a hold-down device 26 with hold-down bolt 38 and cross web 40. Only a small distance remains in the longitudinal direction of the support channel sections 22 between the hold-down bolt 38 and the upper support channel section 22 of the overlap. In the transverse direction, as shown in Fig. The hold-down bolts 38 are visible, centered within the support channels 20, and thus extend through the gap formed by two transversely adjacent plate elements 24. The hold-downs 26 span the gap and thus secure two plate elements 24 at a time.

[0055] The support channel sections 22 are each drilled through at their rear section in the direction of the roof slope, in the area of ​​the ground, and fastened there to the cross tubes 16 by means of fastening bolts 42. As can be seen in particular from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 5, the fastening bolts 42 are each arranged in the area 23 of the overlap of the support channel sections 22, so that the bore in the bottom of the lower support channel section 22 is covered by the upper support channel section 22 arranged above it. Seals 44 are arranged between the support channel sections 22 in the overlap area 23. Thus, the fastening bolts 42 ensure a permanent fastening of the support channels 20 while maintaining a watertight seal. In the area 23 of each overlap, the lower support channel section 22 is secured by screwing it to a support tube 16 and, in turn, secures the plate elements 40 resting on it via the attached crossbar 40.

[0056] The interior spaces 36 are bounded in the transverse direction by the walls of the supporting channel sections 22, upwards by the plate elements 24 and downwards by a floor formed by the tops of the insulation panels 18 and the transverse tubes 16. In the longitudinal direction, the interior spaces 36 are continuous below the individual plate elements 24, but are closed and sealed at the ends (not shown).

[0057] In the interior spaces 38, plate-shaped photovoltaic modules 28 are arranged with a gap between the floor and the underside of the panel elements 24 (see e.g. Fig. 6) The photovoltaic modules 28 are attached to the cross tubes 16 with spacers 46. Air-flow areas are thus formed above and below the photovoltaic modules 28.

[0058] Openings 48 are arranged on the upper side of the transverse tubes 16, forming connections to the interior spaces 38. Air can thus be supplied to and extracted from the interior spaces 38 through the transverse tubes 16. Preferably, the transverse tubes 16 are connected to air-conveying fans in such a way that air is alternately supplied and extracted through adjacent transverse tubes 16, so that, as in Fig. 6 indicated by dotted arrows results in an airflow within the interior spaces 38, through which the photovoltaic modules 28 are washed on the top and bottom.

[0059] When the sun shines, the sunlight falls as in Fig. The airflow, indicated by the transparent panel elements 24, passes through into the interior space 38 and onto the photovoltaic module 28. This generates electrical power, which is carried away via electrical conductors (not shown). This heats up the photovoltaic module 28 and the air in the interior space 38. The airflow described above carries away warm air through transverse pipes 16, which can then be used, for example, for heating or electricity generation. This airflow removes heat from the interior space 38, preventing the photovoltaic module 28 from overheating to a temperature at which its efficiency would be significantly impaired.

[0060] The roof structure 10 allows for very efficient use of solar radiation with a simple construction, good sealing, and few components. Airflow makes the generated heat usable, while simultaneously ensuring that the photovoltaic modules 28 operate within a favorable temperature range.

[0061] The roof assembly 10 is easy to assemble, mechanically stable, and also inexpensive to service. Various procedures with different sequences of assembly steps are possible. Preferably, the cross tubes 16 are first attached transversely to the supporting roof structure, and the insulation panels 18 are placed between them. The photovoltaic modules 28 are then mounted on the spacers 46 and electrically connected (not shown). Next, the support channels 20 are assembled piece by piece from the support channel sections 22 and screwed onto the cross tubes 16. Alternatively, the support channels 20 can be assembled and attached to the cross tubes 16 before the photovoltaic modules are mounted. Finally, the panel elements 24 are placed overlapping on the support channels 20 and secured by the hold-downs 26.

[0062] In the event of a service call, easy access to the interior 36 can be gained by releasing the hold-downs 26 and lifting the plate elements 24, e.g. to replace photovoltaic modules 28.

[0063] Fig. Figure 8 shows the mounting frame 50, with which, for example, building elements that penetrate the roof, such as a roof window or a chimney, can be inserted into the roof structure 10. The embodiment of a mounting frame 50 shown here is particularly suitable for inserting a roof window (not shown).

[0064] The mounting frame 50 has a rectangular cross-section with two parallel longitudinal frame parts 52 spaced apart in the transverse direction and two transverse frame parts 58 connecting them. Transverse and longitudinal frame parts 52, 58 are preferably formed in one piece from a bent sheet metal.

[0065] The mounting frame 50 has a circumferential wall 56 and, on its upper surface, a circumferential support frame with downward-facing support surfaces 54. The support frame is formed as an outwardly directed flange. On the inside, a circumferential, inwardly projecting support collar 60 is formed.

[0066] The lower support surfaces 54 of the longitudinal frame parts 52 each comprise two sections offset from each other in the depth direction, namely a first support surface section 54a and a second support surface section 54b arranged parallel to it but offset higher. A transition section 54c in the form of a step is arranged between the first and second support surface sections 54a, 54b.

[0067] Fig. 9, Fig. Figure 10 shows how the mounting frame 50 is inserted into the roof structure 10. A free installation area 62 is formed between two of the support channels 20, extending essentially in the longitudinal direction L over the length of two plate elements 24 or support channel sections 22. The central transverse tube 16 is interrupted to keep the installation area 62 clear. For illustrative purposes, the installation area 62 is shown in Fig. 9 / 10 in a corner of the illustrated part of the roof structure 10, so that in the illustration the plate elements 24 are arranged only in the longitudinal direction L above and in the transverse direction Q to one side of the installation area 62, the installation area 62 will usually not be located at an edge, but inside a complete roof surface, so that it is surrounded on all sides within the roof surface by plate elements 24.

[0068] Installation area 62 is used as described in Fig. Figure 10 shows the mounting frame 50 fitted so that the support surfaces 54 of the support frame rest on the surrounding elements. In particular, the support surfaces 54 on both sides of the longitudinal frame parts 52 rest on the support areas 34 of the support channels 22 on both sides. Due to the stepped and offset shape of the support surface sections 54a, 54b and the transition section 54c formed between them, the support surfaces 54 fit as shown in Fig. 12 shown on the bearing surfaces 54 and the overlap area 23, so that they can lie fully on them and be well sealed, e.g. by an intermediate seal (not shown).

[0069] At the longitudinal ends of the mounting frame 50, the projecting surfaces of the support frame also fit into the roof structure 10: The upper panel element 24 is positioned so that it overlaps the support frame along the upper transverse frame section 58. The lower panel element 24 is positioned so that it is overlapped by the support frame along the lower transverse frame section 58.

[0070] The support collar 60 arranged inside the mounting frame 50 (see also Fig. 11) can be used to support a roof window (not shown), which is inserted into the mounting frame 50.

[0071] This allows for a stable and well-sealed installation of built-in elements such as a skylight or similar.

[0072] The depicted design of the mounting frame 50 is merely an example; in reality, different designs are possible depending on the type, shape, and size of the component to be inserted within the mounting frame 50. These components can, for example, extend longitudinally over a greater length, thus covering two or more overlapping areas 23. In this case, the support surfaces 54 are advantageously provided with a corresponding number of support surface sections and transition sections to ensure proper placement. Similarly, instead of the thin sheet metal wall 56 shown, the mounting frame can also have an inner frame of varying thickness to fit an inner area of ​​smaller dimensions and / or a different shape into the mounting area 62, for example, like a passe-partout. List of reference symbols 10 Roof structure 12 buildings 14 roof beams 16 cross tube 18 Insulation board 20 Carrying channel 22 Support channel section 23 Overlap area 24 plate elements 26 hold-down devices 28 photovoltaic modules 30 Substructure 32 Superstructure 34 printing areas 36 Interior 38 hold-down bolts 40 crossbar 42 fastening bolts 44 Seal between support channel sections 46 spacers for photovoltaic modules 48 openings on the cross tubes 50 mounting frames 52 longitudinal frame parts of the mounting frame 54 bearing surfaces of the longitudinal frame parts 54a,b Coverage areas sections 54c Transition section of the bearing surfaces 56 Wall of the mounting frame 58 transverse frame parts of the mounting frame 60-piece collar 62 Installation area for mounting frame Q transverse direction L Longitudinal direction T Depth direction

Claims

[1] Roof structure (10), with - at least two support channels (20) which are arranged parallel to one another in a longitudinal direction (L) and spaced apart from one another in a transverse direction (Q), - wherein the support channels (20) are each formed from aligned support channel sections (22) with support areas (34), wherein ends of the support channel sections (22) are arranged to overlap one another, so that overlap areas (23) are formed, - and plate elements (24) are each arranged between two support channels (20) in such a way that they rest on the support areas (34) of the support channel sections (22), wherein the plate elements (24) are arranged overlapping in the longitudinal direction of the support channels (20), characterized bythat a mounting frame (50) is arranged between the support channels (20), wherein the mounting frame (50) has two parallel and spaced-apart longitudinal frame parts (52), each with support surfaces (54) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) and pointing in a depth direction (T), wherein the support surfaces (54) each have at least two support surface sections (54a, 54b) arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction and a transition section (54c) therebetween, - wherein the support surface sections (54a, 54b) adjacent to the transition sections (54c) have an offset in the depth direction (T) relative to one another, - and wherein the support surfaces (54) rest on the support regions (34) and the transition sections (54c) are arranged at the overlap regions (23). [2] Roof structure according to claim 1, in which - the support surfaces (54) have a step at the transition section (54c). [3] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which - the support surfaces (54) are formed in one piece. [4] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which - the mounting frame (50) has a circumferential wall (56) which extends at least substantially in the depth direction (T). [5] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which - the support surfaces (54) are formed as folds. [6] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which - the mounting frame (50) has an inwardly projecting collar (60). [7] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which - the mounting frame (50) is formed at least in sections from sheet metal. [8] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which - the support channel sections (22) have a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape. [9] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which - the support channels (22) are mounted on cross tubes (16), - and at least one cross tube (16) is interrupted in the area of the mounting frame (50). [10] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which - the plate elements (24) are transparent covers and photovoltaic modules (28) are arranged below the plate elements (24). [11] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which - the support channel sections (22) have outer folds, the upper sides of the folds forming the support areas (34). [12] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which - plate elements (24) are arranged in the longitudinal direction (L) above and below the installation frame (50). [13] Installation frame (50) for installation in a roof structure (10) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least - two parallel and spaced-apart longitudinal frame parts (52) which have support surfaces (54) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) and pointing in a depth direction (T), wherein the support surfaces (54) each have at least two support surface sections (54a, 54b) arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction (L) and a transition section (54c) therebetween, - wherein the support surface sections (54a, 54b) adjacent to the transition sections (54c) have an offset in the depth direction (T) relative to one another. [14] Method for producing a roof structure, in which - a plurality of parallel support channels (20) are formed from aligned support channel sections (22), wherein ends of the support channel sections (22) are arranged overlapping one another, - plate elements (24) are arranged between two support channels (20) in such a way that they rest on support areas of the support channel sections (22), wherein the plate elements (24) are arranged overlapping in the longitudinal direction of the support channels (20), characterized by that a mounting frame (50) is arranged between the support channels (20), wherein the mounting frame (50) has two parallel and spaced-apart longitudinal frame parts (52), each with support surfaces (54) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) and pointing in a depth direction (T), wherein the support surfaces (54) each have at least two support surface sections (54a, 54b) arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction and a transition section (54c) therebetween, - wherein the support surface sections (54a, 54b) adjacent to the transition sections (54c) have an offset in the depth direction (T) relative to one another, - and wherein the mounting frame (50) is arranged such that the support surfaces (54) rest on the support regions (34) and the transition sections (54c) are arranged at the overlap regions (23).

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