Locking device for a safety switch, method for activating and deactivating a locking device and use of a locking device

Abstract

Locking device (1) for a safety switch with a locking element (11) that is linearly adjustable, in particular displaceable, in a direction of movement between an unlocking position and a locking position, wherein a locking module (3) is formed, which has a guide device (21), wherein the locking element (11) is held so as to be guideable in the guide device (21), wherein an actuator (2) is formed, which can be inserted transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the direction of movement into the locking module (3) and can be locked by the locking element (11), characterized in that the locking element (11) has a thickened portion (16) and the actuator (2) has an insertion recess (18), wherein the insertion recess (18) has a widening region (20) in which a width of the insertion recess (18) is non-constant,and that the locking element (11) engages with its thickening (16) in the widened area (20) in a locking manner and is mounted in its two switching positions on both sides of the actuator (2) in the guide device (21).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a locking device for a safety switch with a locking element that is linearly adjustable, in particular displaceable, in a direction of movement between an unlocking position and a locking position. A locking module is provided with a guide device, the locking element being guided in the guide device, and an actuator is provided that can be inserted into the locking module transversely, preferably orthogonally, to the direction of movement and can be locked by the locking element. Such a locking device is widely used in practice.

[0002] The invention further relates to a method for activating and deactivating a locking device. Such a method is known.

[0003] The invention further relates to the use of a locking device on a closing device for an opening. Such a use is known.

[0004] From EP 3 745 438 A1 an industrial interlock switch is previously known which comprises a plurality of interlock tongue entry slots formed on adjacent sides of the interlock switch housing, thereby supporting the reception of the corresponding interlock tongue from a plurality of approach directions without the need for mechanical modification of the head of the switch or reorientation of the switch itself.

[0005] From EP 3 498 955 A1, a safety locking device for locking a protective door is previously known, which comprises a movable part which is designed for attachment to a movable part of the protective door, wherein the movable part has a locking element, and a fixed part which is designed for attachment to a non-movable part of the protective door.

[0006] EP 0 330 229 A2 discloses a locking device in which an actuator cooperating with an actuating member is held in two stationary end positions via a plunger, the plunger itself being selectively fixed in a positive-locking manner by a locking slide. The locking slide originates from an armature of an electromagnet, with the armature's longitudinal axis offset from the sliding axis of the locking slide.

[0007] EP 3 576 124 A1 discloses another escape release mechanism that serves as an additional means for unlocking an electromagnetically actuated locking switch. The escape release mechanism comprises an escape release switch equipped with a button that can be pressed by an operator from within a protected industrial area to override the electromagnetically actuated lock.

[0008] The invention is based on the object of improving the operating characteristics, usage characteristics, and mechanical properties of a locking device. In particular, the aim is to provide a locking device that meets normative or regulatory requirements. This object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are described in the subclaims.

[0009] It should be noted that the features listed individually in the dependent claims can be combined with one another in any technologically expedient manner and define further embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, the features listed in the claims are further specified and explained in the description, with further preferred embodiments of the invention being presented.

[0010] To achieve this object, the invention proposes the features of claim 1. In particular, in a locking device of the type described at the outset, the invention proposes that the locking element has a thickened portion and that the actuator has an insertion recess, wherein the insertion recess has a widening region, wherein a width of the insertion recess is not constant in the widening region, and that the locking element engages with its thickened portion in the widening region in a locking manner and is mounted in its two switching positions (locked; unlocked) on both sides of the actuator in the guide device.

[0011] Such locking devices are commonly used in facilities, such as chemical plants or facilities with robots, to prevent a user from entering a dangerous room. Should the user accidentally enter such a locked room, there should be a way to unlock the locking device using an escape release device.

[0012] Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described below, which can optionally be combined with the features of claim 1 alone or in combination with the features of other embodiments.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment, the locking element can be supported by at least two independent guide devices. This ensures a very high level of mechanical stability of the locking device.

[0014] In a further advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the locking element can be adjusted, in particular displaced, from the locked position to the unlocked position by an escape release device, wherein the escape release device can be moved along with the actuator. Thus, a device is provided which, in a dangerous situation, makes it possible to move the locking device into an unlocked position.

[0015] In an advantageous embodiment, the actuator can be provided with a linear actuating movement and, additionally or alternatively, with the actuator having an insertion recess that accommodates the locking element. Thus, a simple and structurally reliable embodiment can be provided.

[0016] As an alternative to the linear actuating movement of the actuator, it is also conceivable that the actuator can perform an actuating movement along a circular path or a curved path.

[0017] In an advantageous embodiment, the insertion recess can be provided with an undercut. Thus, the actuator can be designed in such a way that it can provide and absorb relatively large forces.

[0018] In an advantageous embodiment, the insertion recess can be provided with a base region in which the width of the insertion recess is constant. Thus, the actuator can be guided into the locking module with precise positioning, preferably around the locking element.

[0019] In an advantageous embodiment, the insertion recess can be provided with a widened region in which a width, in particular the width already mentioned, of the insertion recess is variable. Preferably, the width of the insertion recess is not constant in the widened region. This provides a structural measure so that the locking element can be moved from an unlocked position to a locked position. The widened region can be designed as a circular segment.

[0020] The actuator preferably comprises at least two actuator arms that encompass the locking element on both sides. The actuator is fork-shaped. Such an arrangement is advantageous for the mechanical stability of the locking device.

[0021] The actuator has alternating base area, expansion area and again base area in its insertion recess.

[0022] The actuator is preferably fork-shaped. This allows the actuating forces that occur during locking and unlocking to be efficiently transferred to the locking device. The actuator has an insertion recess.

[0023] In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the thickened portion is designed such that, in the locked position, it engages behind an undercut of the actuator, in particular the one described here. This makes it possible to provide an alternative that is easy to construct. The thickened portion of the locking element preferably conforms to the contour of the actuator. The thickened portion can have a round cross-section. Alternatively, the thickened portion can have an angular cross-section, in particular a quadrangular cross-section. The quadrangular cross-section can be rectangular or square. Alternatively, the angular cross-section can be hexagonal, i.e., hexagonal, or octagonal, i.e., octagonal.

[0024] Experiments have shown that a square cross-section of the thickening of the locking element allows for higher pull-out forces.

[0025] The locking module can have a guide device, which can guide the locking element from an unlocked position to a locked position and vice versa. The guide device can have a profile that fits snugly against the locking element, particularly in a form-fitting manner. This provides an arrangement in which lateral forces can be better absorbed.

[0026] In an advantageous embodiment, the guide device can be provided with a sealing element. Thus, the guide device or the locking module can be sealed against external liquids or gases, for example, a lubricating fluid.

[0027] In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the locking element rests on the sealing element in the unlocked position. Preferably, the locking element rests on the sealing element with its thickened portion in the unlocked position. This makes it possible to provide an arrangement that can reliably seal the system.

[0028] The sealing element can, for example, be designed as a sealing ring and preferably consists of a commercially available elastic material, for example rubber.

[0029] In an advantageous embodiment, the locking element can be electromagnetically controlled. Thus, the locking element can be moved by applying an electromagnetic force. This allows the locking element to be moved quickly and precisely.

[0030] Preferably, the locking module has a base body consisting of a body and a head. The actuator is inserted into an opening between the body and the head, where it can then interact with the locking element.

[0031] The locking module has a drive that can be activated by an electromagnet. The electromagnet can be monostable or bistable.

[0032] The bistable electromagnet can, for example, comprise two permanent magnets that can hold the locking element in the unlocked and locked positions. It is also conceivable to manufacture the bistable magnet without permanent magnets, for example, with a spring that can fold between the unlocked and locked positions.

[0033] The monostable electromagnet can, for example, be designed as an original magnet in which a spring is formed which folds over between the unlocking position and the locking position.

[0034] The locking module also contains a control unit which can send control signals to the drive and thus control it or transmit commands.

[0035] In an advantageous embodiment, locking elements can be formed in the locking module, preferably in the head. The locking elements are preferably designed as locking balls. Thus, an arrangement can be provided that fixes the actuator in a state inserted in the locking module without the locking element having to be in a locked position. This can increase the ease of use of the locking device.

[0036] In an advantageous embodiment, the actuator can be provided with recesses on the outside, particularly in the direction of the head of the locking module. The recesses preferably interact with the locking elements. Thus, the actuator can be fixed in a closed position, whereby the locking element does not have to be in the locked position. This increases the handling of the locking device.

[0037] In an advantageous embodiment, the locking module can be provided with a drive by which the locking element can be brought into the unlocked or locked position. This can provide a force that can activate the locking element.

[0038] The locking element can be designed as a one-piece magnetic plunger or can be in direct operative relationship with the magnetic plunger.

[0039] In an advantageous embodiment, the drive can be provided with an electromagnet. This electromagnet is preferably monostable or bistable. Thus, an alternative can be provided that can activate the locking element and additionally or alternatively move it.

[0040] In an advantageous embodiment, the locking module can be provided with an RFID reader. The RFID reader is preferably formed in the body of the locking module. Thus, a device is formed that can detect and read RFID signals.

[0041] RFID (radio-frequency identification) refers to a technology for transmitter-receiver systems for the automatic and contactless identification and localization of objects and, additionally or alternatively, living beings using radio waves. An RFID system consists of a transponder, also called an RFID tag, which is located on or in the object or living being and contains an identifying code, as well as an RFID reader for reading this identifier.

[0042] In an advantageous embodiment, the actuator can be provided with at least two RFID tags. The RFID tags are preferably mounted on different sides of the insertion recess, for example, on the actuator arms. This allows for the provision of an RFID system that enables precise position detection.

[0043] In an advantageous embodiment, the actuator can be provided with a predetermined breaking point. This predetermined breaking point is preferably designed such that an actuator arm breaks off when a maximum force is exceeded. This ensures that when a permissible force is applied and exceeded, the actuator breaks off at a predefined point and thus cannot be activated with the locking module and the blocking element. This can improve a user's HSE protection in dangerous situations.

[0044] In an advantageous embodiment, the locking module can be provided with a control unit. Thus, a unit can be provided that controls and monitors the drive or transmits commands.

[0045] In an advantageous embodiment, the control unit can be configured to communicate with an RFID reader and, if a criterion is met, to send a control signal to the drive. Preferably, the criterion includes the relative position of the RFID tag(s) to the RFID reader. This ensures that the drive is only activated when the actuator is fully positioned in the locking module.

[0046] In an advantageous embodiment, the actuator can be provided with an escape release device. Thus, a device can be provided that allows the locking element to be moved from the locked position to the unlocked position in dangerous situations, for example, if a user has been mistakenly locked in a room.

[0047] In an advantageous embodiment, the escape release device can comprise a drive element. Preferably, the locking element can be moved into an unlocked position by the drive element. Thus, the escape release device can be actuated by a user.

[0048] In an advantageous embodiment, a return element can be provided to act on the drive element. The return element is preferably designed as a spring element or a spring. This ensures that the drive element can only be actuated when a certain return force is exceeded.

[0049] In an advantageous embodiment, the escape release device can comprise a flange element. Preferably, the flange element can be controlled via the drive element. This allows a mechanically stable arrangement to be provided.

[0050] In an advantageous embodiment, the flange element can be rotatable about a flange axis. The flange axis is preferably arranged transversely, for example orthogonally, to the direction of movement. Thus, a force applied to the drive element can be transmitted to the rotationally symmetrical flange element.

[0051] In an advantageous embodiment, the flange element can be positively coupled to a release element. The release element is preferably rotatable about a release element axis. Thus, a force applied to the drive element can be transmitted to the flange element and the release element.

[0052] The flange axis and the release element axis can be arranged parallel or at an angle to each other. Through the design of the flange element and the release element and the positioning of their respective axes, the leverage and the effective lever forces can be adjusted, thus achieving a force and displacement ratio of the drive element.

[0053] In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that an unlocking element axis, in particular the one described here, is arranged parallel to the flange axis. This provides an advantageous structural arrangement.

[0054] In an advantageous embodiment, the unlocking element can be provided with at least one finger, which rests on the thickened portion of the locking element in the locked position. Thus, an element can be provided that can exert a force on the locking element.

[0055] The unlocking element can be formed in one piece or in multiple pieces, for example in two pieces.

[0056] The unlocking element can have a fork-shaped recess into which the flange element fits precisely and rests.

[0057] In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that a force transmission and, additionally or alternatively, a displacement transmission can be introduced through the flange element. Thus, a force transmission and, additionally or alternatively, a displacement transmission can be adjusted through the shape of the flange element and, additionally or alternatively, through the positioning of the flange axis and the release element axis.

[0058] In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that a linear movement of the drive element can be converted into a rotational movement of the flange element and, additionally or alternatively, of the unlocking element. This makes it possible for a linear movement acting on the drive element to control the unlocking element.

[0059] In an advantageous embodiment, the drive element can be controlled by a tensile force or a compressive force. This allows an alternative structural arrangement to be provided that increases the user-friendliness of the locking device.

[0060] In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the escape release device exerts an actuating force on the locking element in an actuated state. Preferably, the actuating force is greater than an opposing, in particular magnetic, holding force that holds the locking element in the locked position. Thus, the locking element can be moved from the locked position to the unlocked position.

[0061] In an advantageous embodiment, the escape release device can be provided with an escape release latching element that holds the release element in an actuated state. The escape release latching element preferably has an axis located between the flange axis and the release element axis. Thus, an arrangement can be provided that positions the escape release device in an actuated state.

[0062] In an advantageous embodiment, the release element can be provided with through-holes. Pins or bolts are preferably guided through the through-holes, with the pins extending longitudinally through the flange axis, the release element axis, and the axis of the escape release latching element. Thus, elements are provided that can define and adjust the lever system.

[0063] To achieve the stated object, the features of the independent claim directed to a method for activating and deactivating a locking device of the type described here are provided according to the invention.In particular, to achieve the stated object, it is proposed according to the invention in a method of the type described at the outset that the actuator is guided into the locking module along a guide direction, that a relative position determination between the actuator and the locking module is carried out by means of a detection unit, wherein when a criterion is met, wherein one criterion comprises a distance between one or more RFID tags and an RFID reader, wherein a further criterion can represent the correspondence of electronic information (coding), the control unit sends a signal to the drive, which moves the blocking element transversely to the guide direction from the unlocking position into the locking position.Thus, a method can be provided which is characterized by a safe operation of the locking device, in particular wherein activation and deactivation of the locking device is only possible if the actuator is arranged in the locking module in a precise position and the information content of the tags corresponds to previously stored information.

[0064] It can also be provided that the control unit does not send a signal to the drive, thus preventing a displacement of the locking element transversely to the guide direction from the unlocked position to the locked position if the detection unit detects a number of RFID tags, the number being smaller than a previously defined minimum value. It is possible that, if excessive force is applied to the actuator, one or both actuator arms could break off, with the RFID tags preferably being attached to the actuator arms. This can prevent the locking device from being moved into a locked position if the actuator is defective or has a structural limitation.

[0065] In an advantageous embodiment, the control unit can detect a faulty operating state. For this purpose, the control unit can preferably compare the position of the drive and the position of the actuator using a sensor. In an advantageous embodiment, the control unit transmits a corresponding signal to an external controller.

[0066] The escape release device is operated by a user, for example, if the user mistakenly enters an area or room locked by the locking device and wishes to escape from it.

[0067] To achieve the stated object, the features of the independent claim directed to a use of a locking device of the type described here are provided according to the invention. In particular, to achieve the stated object, when used as described above, it is proposed according to the invention that the locking device be designed according to one of the previously mentioned features, and wherein the locking device is used on a locking device for an opening. The opening is preferably a linearly movable or pivotably movable door, wherein the actuator is attached to a movable part of the locking device, preferably to a door leaf.

[0068] The invention will now be described in more detail using a few exemplary embodiments, but is not limited to these few exemplary embodiments. Further variants of the invention and exemplary embodiments arise from combining the features of individual or multiple claims with one another and additionally or alternatively with individual or multiple features of the exemplary embodiments and additionally or alternatively with the previously described variants of devices and methods according to the invention.

[0069] It shows: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a locking device with a pulled actuator and Fig. 2 a perspective view of the locking device with the pulled actuator in half section and Fig. 3 a perspective view of the actuator from below and Fig. 4 a perspective view of the actuator from above and Fig. 5 the actuator in a bottom view and Fig. 6 the actuator in a side view from the right and Fig. 7 the actuator in a top view and Fig. 8 the locking device with the pulled actuator in a side view from the right in half section and Fig. 9 the locking device and the pulled actuator in a top view of a section line AA from Fig. 8 and Fig. 10 the locking device and the partially inserted actuator in a side view from the right in half section and Fig. 11 the locking device and the partially inserted actuator in a top view of a section BB from Fig. 10 and Fig. 12 the locking device and the plugged, non-locked actuator in a side view from the right in half section and Fig. 13 the locking device and the plugged, non-locked actuator in a top view of a section CC from Fig. 12 and Fig. 14 the locking device and the plugged, locked actuator in a side view from the right in half section and Fig. 15 the locking device and the plugged, locked actuator in a top view of a section DD from Fig. 14 and Fig. 16 the locking device and the plugged actuator in an escape-released state, in a side view from the right in half section and Fig. 17 the locking device and the plugged actuator in the escape-released state, in a top view of a section EE from Fig. 16 and Fig. 18 a section of the locking device and the actuator in the escape-released state, in a detailed view from Fig. 16 in a side view from the right, in half section and Fig. 19 a section of the locking device and the actuator, in the escape-released state, in a detailed view, from a top view in section EE from Fig. 17 and Fig. 20 a perspective view of the locking element and the escape release device, in the locked state of the locking device and Fig. 21 a perspective view of the locking element and the escape release device, in the unlocked state of the locking device after actuation of the escape release device and Fig. 22 the locking device and the opening and closing path of the actuator when used on a revolving door in a side view from the right and Fig. 23 the locking device and the opening and closing path of the actuator when used on a revolving door, in plan view in section HH from Fig. 22 and Fig. 24 the locking device and the opening and closing path of the actuator, when used on a sliding door, in a side view from the right and Fig. 25 the locking device and the opening and closing path of the actuator when used on a sliding door, in a plan view in a section JJ from Fig. 24 and Fig. 26 the actuator and the locking element in an alternative embodiment and Fig. 27 the actuator and the locking element in an alternative embodiment and Fig. 28 the actuator and the locking element in an alternative embodiment.

[0070] In the following description of various embodiments of the invention, elements that correspond in their function are given the same reference numbers even if they have a different design or shape.

[0071] For clarity, not all reference symbols are shown in the figures, although the elements may very well be present in the figures. However, identical reference symbols denote functionally and additionally or alternatively structurally identical components and functional units.

[0072] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a locking device 1 with a pulled actuator 2. The locking device 1 comprises an actuator 2 and a locking module 3.

[0073] The actuator 2 is preferably arranged on a door, for example, a sliding door, and additionally or alternatively on a revolving door. The actuator 2 has, among other things, two actuator arms 7, 8. The actuator 2 further has a contact body 9, which is arranged transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the longitudinal axes of the actuator arms 7, 8.

[0074] The locking module 3 is preferably attached to a wall, a fence, or a similar static positioning element. The locking module 3 has a base body consisting of a body 4 and a head 5. An opening 6 is arranged between the body 4 and the head 5, into which the actuator 2 can be inserted. A drive 10 is arranged within the body 4.

[0075] Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the locking device 1 with the pulled actuator 2 in half section.

[0076] The locking device 1 comprises a locking module 3 and the actuator 2. The locking module 3 has a base body consisting of the body 4 and the head 5. The opening 6, into which the actuator 2 can be inserted, is arranged between the body 4 and the head 5.

[0077] The locking module 3 has a guide device 21 that can guide a locking element 11. The locking module 3 further has a drive 10 that can drive and move the locking element 11.

[0078] The locking element 11 has a cylindrical shape and a constant diameter over most of its length. The locking element 11 has a thickened portion 16 in one region, in which the diameter is larger than the diameter over most of the length of the locking element 11.

[0079] In the unlocked position, the thickened portion 16 rests on a sealing element 13, which is arranged in the guide device 21 of the locking module 3. The sealing element 13 can be designed, for example, as a sealing ring. The sealing element 13 is made of an elastic material, preferably a rubber material. The sealing element 13 can seal and protect the interior of the locking module 3, in particular the body 4, from external influences. This can be, for example, a lubricating fluid. The guide device 21 also has a guide area, which is located in the head 5 of the locking module 3.

[0080] The locking module 3 has locking elements 12 arranged in the head 5 of the locking module 3. The locking elements 12 can be designed as locking balls. The locking elements 12 can be made of a metal, a plastic, or a ceramic. The locking elements 12 can alternatively be designed as locking rods. In the following figures, four locking elements 12 are formed, however, the locking module 3 can only have at least one locking element 12.

[0081] An RFID reader 14 is arranged in a region close to the surface of the locking module 3.

[0082] The locking module 3 further comprises a control unit 25 (not shown here), which communicates with the RFID reader 14 and sends a control signal to the drive 10 when a criterion is met. Preferably, the criterion comprises the relative position of RFID tags 15 to the RFID reader 14.

[0083] The RFID tags 15 are preferably mounted on the actuator arms 7,8.

[0084] The locking element 11 is adjustable, in particular displaceable, in a direction of movement, preferably linearly between an unlocking position and a locking position.

[0085] The actuator 2 can be inserted into the locking module 3 transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the direction of movement of the locking element 11 and can be locked by the locking element 11.

[0086] The locking element 11 can be controlled electromagnetically. This is achieved by an electromagnet 23 (not shown here), which is designed as a monostable or bistable solenoid. The electromagnet 23 is incorporated in the drive 10.

[0087] The actuator 2 has two actuator arms 7, 8. The actuator arms 7, 8 are arranged transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the contact body 9.

[0088] The actuator 2 has an insertion recess 18 (partially visible here), which has a base region 19 and a widened region 20. The base region 19 is characterized in that the lower part of the base region 19.2 corresponds to the width of the insertion recess 18. The widened region 20 is characterized in that the width of the insertion recess 18 is variable, in particular non-constant. The widened region 20 can be designed as a circular segment or have other embodiments, as shown, for example, in Fig. 26, Fig. 27 and Fig. 28 are shown.

[0089] The actuator 2 has RFID tags 15, which are arranged on both sides of the insertion recess 18, in particular on the actuator arms 7, 8. The actuator 2 has a predetermined breaking point 24, at which an actuator arm 7 breaks off if a maximum force is exceeded.

[0090] The actuator 2 optionally has an escape release device 17. The escape release device 17 can be actuated by a user in a critical or dangerous situation and ensures that the locking element 11 is moved from a locked position to an unlocked position.

[0091] The escape release device 17 comprises a drive element 26, a flange element 28, and an unlocking element 30, wherein the unlocking element 30 can be constructed as a one-piece unlocking element 30 or as a multi-piece unlocking element 30.1. The unlocking element 30 has a finger 32, which rests on the thickened portion 16 of the locking element 11.

[0092] The drive element 26 is operatively connected to a return element 27. The return element 27 can be designed as a spring or spring element. The drive element 26 can be actuated by a user by applying a tensile force or compressive force, whereby the drive element 26 then acts on the flange element 28 and then on the unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1. Fig. 2 also shows pins 35 which run through a flange axis 29 and a release element axis 31.

[0093] The base region 19 has a region 19.1 in which the width of the insertion recess 18 is equal to the diameter of the locking element 11 along the majority of the extension of the locking element 11, and the base region 19 has a further region 19.2 in which the width of the insertion recess 18 is equal to the diameter of the thickening 16 on the locking element 11. Such a design of the base region 19 is advantageous in order to be able to bring the actuator arms 7, 8 past the thickening 16.

[0094] Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the actuator 2 from below.

[0095] The actuator 2 has RFID tags 15, which are arranged on the actuator arms 7, 8. The predetermined breaking point 24 is shown as a sleeve-shaped recess.

[0096] The actuator 2 has the base region 19, in which the width of the insertion recess 18 is constant. The base region 19 has two subregions 19.1 and 19.2, wherein one subregion 19.1 has a width that is at least equal to the diameter of the majority of the locking element 11, and wherein the other subregion 19.2 has a width that is at least equal to the diameter of the locking element 11 at its thickening 16.

[0097] The advantage of such a design of sub-areas is that the actuator 2 can be guided into the locking module 3, particularly when the locking element 11 is in the unlocking position, past the locking element 11 and the thickened portion 16.

[0098] Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of the actuator 2 from above.

[0099] The actuator 2 has an escape release device 17. The actuator 2 has two actuator arms 7, 8, which define the insertion recess 18. The insertion recess 18 has the base area 19 and the expansion area 20.

[0100] The actuator 2 has at least two, in particular four, recesses 22 which are connected to the locking elements 12 ( Fig. 2) of the locking module 3. The locking elements 12 can be designed as locking balls. In a closed position, in which the actuator 2 is inserted into the locking module 3 and the locking element 11 is in the unlocked position, the actuator 2 is prevented from being moved out of the closed position without counteraction or external force. This can increase the user-friendliness of the locking device 1. Fig. 4, the unlocking element 30 is designed as a two-part unlocking element 30.1, wherein the parts of the unlocking elements 30.1 can be mirror-symmetrical to one another. In the widened area 20, the unlocking elements 30.1 each have a finger 32. The unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1 are operatively connected to the flange element 28 ( Fig. 2), which can be controlled by means of the drive element 26. The drive element 26 can be actuated by a user with a compressive force or a tensile force. The return element 27 ( Fig. 2), which can be designed as a spring or spring element. In a further development, the return element 27 can be replaced by one or more locking elements (not shown). This would allow one or more locking positions of the unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1 to be realized.

[0101] Fig. 5 shows the actuator 2 in a bottom view.

[0102] RFID tags 15 are formed on the underside of the actuator 2. The RFID tags 15 are arranged on the actuator arms 7, 8, respectively. The RFID tags 15 have a code that can be read by the RFID reader 14. The RFID tags 15 and the RFID reader 14 ensure, among other things, that the blocking element 11 can be moved from the unlocked position to the locked position when the actuator 2 is completely arranged in the locking module 3 or the relative position of the RFID tags 15 to the RFID reader 14 reaches a certain value. For this purpose, the control unit 25 ( Fig. 10) a control signal to the drive 10 ( Fig. 2) sent.

[0103] Fig. 6 shows the actuator 2 in a side view from the right.

[0104] The actuator 2 has the escape release device 17, which the release element 30 or the release elements 30.1 ( Fig. 2), the flange element 28 ( Fig. 2), the drive element 26, the return element 27 ( Fig. 2) and an escape release locking element 33 (not visible here; Fig. 19). The flange element 28 has a flange axis 29 about which the flange element 28 is rotatable. The unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1 have an unlocking element axis 31 about which the unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1 are rotatable. An axis of the escape release locking element 33 is preferably arranged between the unlocking element axis 31 and the flange axis 29.

[0105] The contact body 9 is arranged transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the actuator arms 7, 8 and, in a closed state in which the actuator 2 has been completely inserted into the locking module 3, lies directly on a side wall of the locking module 3.

[0106] Fig. 7 shows the actuator 2 in a top view.

[0107] The actuator 2 has the aforementioned predetermined breaking point 24, at which the mechanical strength of the actuator arm 7 is lower than at a mirror-symmetrical and corresponding point on the other actuator arm 8. The idea of ​​the predetermined breaking point 24 is to ensure that the actuator arm 7, which has the predetermined breaking point 24, breaks off when a maximum permissible force is exceeded. This can be advantageous for the safety of the entire locking device 1.

[0108] Fig. 8 shows the locking device 1 with the pulled actuator 2 in a side view from the right in half section.

[0109] The actuator 2 is located outside the locking device 3. The locking element 11 is in the unlocked position, in which it rests against the sealing element 13. The locking module 3 has the aforementioned guide device 21, which is formed in both the body 4 and the head 5.

[0110] The RFID reader 14 is formed in the body 4, wherein the RFID reader 14 can be disc-shaped or cuboid-shaped. The actuator 2 has RFID tags 15, which, however, are arranged too far from the RFID reader 14 in their current position, so that the RFID reader 14 cannot receive a signal from the RFID tags 15.

[0111] Fig. 9 shows the locking device and the pulled actuator 2 in a plan view of a section AA from Fig. 8.

[0112] The locking module 3 has the body 4 ( Fig. 8) and the head 5, with an opening 6 formed therebetween into which the actuator 2 can be inserted. The locking elements 12 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the locking element 11.

[0113] Fig. 10 shows the locking device 1 and the partially inserted actuator 2 in a side view from the right in half section.

[0114] The actuator 2 is partially arranged in the locking module 3. The locking element 11 is in the unlocked position, with the thickened portion 16 resting on the sealing element 13. The finger(s) 32 is / are arranged transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the direction of movement of the locking element 11. In the current state, the RFID reader 14 cannot receive a signal from the RFID tags 15 because the distance between them is still too great. The RFID tags 15 are arranged on the underside of the actuator 2.

[0115] Fig. 11 shows the locking device 1 and the partially inserted actuator 2 in a plan view of a section BB from Fig. 10.

[0116] The locking element 11 is located in the base region 19. The base region 19 has two subregions 19.1 and 19.2; in one (upper) subregion 19.1, the width of the insertion recess 18 is at least as large as the diameter of the majority of the locking element 11, while in another (lower) subregion 19.2, the width of the insertion recess 18 is at least as large as the diameter of the thickened portion 16 of the locking element 11. Such a design of the base region 19 is advantageous in order to be able to bring the locking element 11 into the insertion recess 18.

[0117] Fig. 12 shows the locking device 1 and the plugged, non-locked actuator 2 in a side view from the right in half section.

[0118] The actuator 2 is located completely in the locking module 3 or in the opening 6. The contact body 9 lies directly on a side surface of the locking module 3.

[0119] The locking element 11 is in the unlocking position.

[0120] A detection unit (not shown here) is formed in the locking module 3, which determines the relative position between the actuator 2 and the locking module 3, wherein upon fulfillment of a criterion, wherein the criterion comprises the distance between the one or more RFID tags 15 and the RFID reader 14, the control unit 25 sends a signal to the drive 10 in order to bring the blocking element 11 along the direction of movement from the unlocked position into the locked position.

[0121] The locking module 3 has a drive, preferably an electromagnet 23.

[0122] Fig. 13 shows the locking device 1 and the plugged, non-locked actuator 2 in a plan view of a section CC from Fig. 12.

[0123] The actuator 2 is fully inserted into the locking module 3, with the contact body 9 resting against the side surface of the locking module 3. The locking element 11 is located in the widened area 20 of the insertion recess 18. The locking elements 12 are located in the recesses 22 of the actuator 2, preventing the actuator 2 from slipping out of the inserted position. This can increase the user-friendliness and manageability of the locking device 1.

[0124] Fig. 14 shows the locking device 1 and the plugged, locked actuator 2 in a side view from the right in half section.

[0125] The actuator 2 is in the present Fig. 14 is locked, with the locking element 11 being in the locking position.

[0126] Before the locking element 11 was brought into the locking position, the aforementioned detection unit (not shown here) carried out an electronic query of the RFID tags 15 in the actuator 2, wherein, if one or more criteria were met, wherein one criterion may include the distance between the one or more RFID tags 15 and the RFID reader 14, the control unit 25 sent a signal to the drive 10 in order to bring the locking element 11 along the direction of movement from the unlocking position into the locking position.

[0127] The blocking element 11 is preferably electromagnetically controllable.

[0128] The locking element 11 is located in the present Fig. 14 in the widening area 20.

[0129] The actuator 2 can no longer be pulled out of the locking module 3 because the diameter of the thickening 16 of the locking element 11 is larger than the width of the insertion recess 18 in the base area 19.1. The locking element 11 is mounted on both sides of the inserted actuator 2, in the guide devices 21 of the body 4 and the head 5.

[0130] The finger(s) 32 rests / rest on the thickening 16. The escape release device 17 is in Fig. 14 not activated.

[0131] The locking element 11 has the already mentioned thickening 16, wherein the thickening 16 in the locking position engages behind an undercut of the actuator 2, in particular the undercut described here.

[0132] Fig. 15 shows the locking device 1 and the plugged, locked actuator 2 in a plan view of a section DD from Fig. 14.

[0133] The statements from Fig. 14 apply here accordingly and are not repeated.

[0134] Fig. 16 shows the locking device 1 and the plugged actuator 2 in an escape-released state, in a side view from the right in half section.

[0135] The escape release device 17 is actuated in the present figure.

[0136] The actuation procedure and mechanism work as follows: A user, who has, for example, been mistakenly locked in a room or facility, actuates the drive element 26 by applying a compressive or tensile force. The force introduced should be greater than the sum of the restoring force exerted by the restoring element 27 or, in the case of locking elements, greater than the locking force acting on the unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1, as well as greater than the locking force of the locking element 11 in the locked position. The drive element 26 is positively connected to the flange element 28. Due to the force applied by the user, a force is transferred from the drive element 26 to the flange element 28. The flange element 28 is thereby caused to rotate around the flange axis 29. The flange element 28, in turn, is positively connected to the unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1. The rotation of the flange element 28 causes the release element 30 or the release elements 30.1 to also rotate about the release element axis 31. The rotation of the release element 30 or the release elements 30.1 causes a counterforce which acts via the finger(s) 32 on the thickened portion 16 of the locking element 11. The detection unit (not shown here), which is located in the locking module 3, detects the position of the locking element 11. In the event of escape release actuation, the detection unit recognizes the changed position of the locking element 11. The actuation of the escape release function can be detected by logically linking the detection unit signal with the control signal outside the locking device, e.g. in an external control system.If this counterforce is greater than an opposing drive force that holds the locking element 11 in the locking position, the control unit is instructed to send a signal to the drive 10, which causes the locking element 11 to move into the unlocking position.

[0137] The escape release device 17 further comprises the aforementioned escape release latching element 33. The function of the escape release latching element 33 is to hold the flange element 28 and the release element 30 or the release elements 30.1 in the escape-released state. The escape release latching element 33 has an axis located between the flange axis 29 and the release element axis 31. Pins 35 ( Fig. 21).

[0138] The unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1 have through holes 34 ( Fig. 21) through which the pins 35 ( Fig. 21). The through holes 34 can be round and additionally or alternatively elongated-round.

[0139] The relative arrangement of the axes can be designed and dimensioned in such a way that a precisely defined force can be generated through the leverage effect. This can increase the ease of use and adjustability of the escape release device 17.

[0140] Fig. 17 shows the locking device 1 and the plugged actuator 2 in the escape-released state, in a top view of a section line EE from Fig. 16.

[0141] Reference is made to the statements in Fig. 16, which will not be repeated again.

[0142] Fig. 18 shows a section of the locking device 1 and the actuator 2 in the escape-released state, in a detailed view from Fig. 16 in a side view from the right in half section.

[0143] The unlocking element 30 can be formed as a single piece or in multiple pieces, particularly as a two-piece assembly. The unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1 have a fork-shaped recess on the side, into which the flange element 28 fits in a form-fitting manner. Thus, a rotation of the flange element 28 can be transmitted directly to the unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1.

[0144] The flange axis 29 is arranged transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the direction of movement of the actuating element 11. The unlocking element axis 31 is arranged parallel to the flange axis 29.

[0145] The flange element 28 is positively coupled to the unlocking element 30 or the unlocking elements 30.1.

[0146] Fig. 19 shows a section of the locking device 1 and the actuator 2 in the escape-released state, in a detailed view, from a top view in section EE from Fig. 17.

[0147] The escape release locking element 33 is visible, which holds the release element 30 or the release elements 30.1 in the escape-released state. The axis of the escape release locking element 33 is arranged between the flange axis 29 and the release element axis 31. The escape release locking element 33 has a cylindrical shape.

[0148] Fig. 20 shows a perspective view of the locking element 11 and the escape release device 17, in the locked state of the locking device 1.

[0149] The escape release device 17 is not yet activated. The release element 30 or the release elements 30.1 have through-holes 34 through which pins 35 or the escape release locking element 33 are guided. The through-holes 34 can be round and, additionally or alternatively, elongated-round.

[0150] Fig. 21 shows a perspective view of the locking element 11 and the escape release device 17, in the unlocked state of the locking device 1 after actuation of the escape release device 17.

[0151] The actuation direction of the drive element 26 is represented by the arrow "X"; this represents a situation in which the user exerts a tensile force on the drive element 26. However, it is also conceivable and feasible for the user to exert a compressive force on the drive element 26. The actuation direction of the locking element 11 is represented by the arrow "Y". The actuation directions of the drive element 26 and the locking element 11 are arranged transversely, in particular orthogonally, to one another.

[0152] Fig. 22 shows the locking device 1 and the opening and closing path of the actuator 2 when used on a revolving door in a side view from the right.

[0153] A locking device 36, for example the one already mentioned, is designed here as a revolving door.

[0154] Fig. 23 shows the locking device 1 and the opening and closing path of the actuator 2 when used on a revolving door, in plan view in section HH from Fig. 22.

[0155] The locking device 1 comprises the actuator 2 and the locking module 3. The actuator 2 has the previously described escape release device 17. The actuator 2 is preferably arranged in a revolving door, with the revolving door moving along the opening and closing path indicated by the curved and dashed line. "R" represents a radius of curvature.

[0156] The locking device 36 is designed here as a revolving door.

[0157] Fig. 24 shows the locking device 1 and the opening and closing path of the actuator 2, when used on a sliding door, in a side view from the right.

[0158] The actuator 2, which has an escape release device 17, is moved linearly into the opening 6, with the opening 6 being located in the locking module 3 between the body 4 and the head 5. In this specific case, the actuator 2 is used in a sliding door, with the sliding door being moved along a linear opening and closing path. The locking device 36 is designed here as a sliding door.

[0159] The drive 10, the magnet 23, and the control unit 25 are formed in the body 4 of the locking module 3. The drive 10 surrounds the locking element 11 in a lower area. The locking module 3 also has the previously described guide device 21.

[0160] Fig. 25 shows the locking device 1 and the opening and closing path of the actuator when used on a sliding door, in a plan view in a section JJ from Fig. 24.

[0161] The opening and closing path is linear and is represented by the dashed straight line. The section JJ runs approximately along one half of the actuator 2 and along the head 5 of the locking module 3. The actuator 2 has two actuator arms 7, 8, which form the insertion recess 18 between them. The insertion recess 18 has the base area 19 and the widening area 20. In the base area 19, the width of the insertion recess is constant, whereas in the widening area 20, the width of the insertion recess is variable, in particular non-constant. The widening area 20 has a circular segment-shaped profile. The widening area 20 is dimensioned in relation to the thickened portion 16 such that the thickened portion 16 fits precisely into the widening area 20.

[0162] The RFID reader 14 can be disc-shaped or cuboid-shaped.

[0163] The actuator 2 has pins 35 which run along the flange axis 29, the release element axis 31 and along the axis of the escape release latching element 33. In Fig. 25, the release element 30 or the release elements 30.1 are also visible. In the Fig. 25 shows the unlocking elements 30.1.

[0164] Fig. 26 shows the actuator 2 and the locking element 11 in an alternative embodiment. The locking element 11 has a thickened portion 16. In the present case, the thickened portion 16 is formed with a square cross-section. The actuator 2 has an insertion recess 18, which has a base region 19 in which a width of the insertion recess 18 is constant. The insertion recess 18 further has an expanded region 20, in which a width of the insertion recess 18 is greater than a width of the insertion recess 18 in the base region 19. In the locked state, the square thickened portion 16 rests against the actuator arms 7, 8. The actuator arms 7, 8 have recesses 37 that are formed to conform to the contour of the square thickened portion 16. The recesses 37, which are located in the widening area 20, have rectangular edges 38. The term rectangular refers to an angle of 90°.

[0165] Fig. 27 shows the actuator 2 and the locking element 11 in an alternative embodiment. The locking element 11 has a thickened portion 16. In the present case, the thickened portion 16 is formed with an octagonal cross-section. The actuator 2 has an insertion recess 18, which has a base region 19 in which a width of the insertion recess 18 is constant. The insertion recess 18 further has a widened portion 20 in which a width of the insertion recess 18 is non-constant, i.e., variable. In the locked state, the octagonal thickened portion 16 rests against the actuator arms 7, 8. The actuator arms 7, 8 have recesses 37 that are formed to conform to the contour of the octagonal thickened portion 16. The recesses 37, which are located in the widening area 20, have blunt edges 38. The term blunt refers to an angle greater than 90°.

[0166] Fig.Figure 28 shows the actuator 2 and the locking element 11 in an alternative embodiment. The locking element 11 has a thickened portion 16. In the present case, the thickened portion 16 is formed with a basically square cross-section, with the corners of the square being acute-angled. The term acute-angled refers to an angle of less than 90°. The actuator 2 has an insertion recess 18, which has a base region 19 in which a width of the insertion recess 18 is constant. The insertion recess 18 further has a widened region 20 in which a width of the insertion recess 18 is inconstant, i.e., variable. In the locked state, the thickened portion 16, which is square and has acute-angled corners, rests against the actuator arms 7, 8. The actuator arms 7, 8 have recesses 37 which conform to the contour of the thickening 16.The recesses 37, which are located in the widening area 20, have pointed edges 38. The term pointed refers to an angle less than 90°.

[0167] In a locking device for a safety switch with a locking element that is adjustable, in particular displaceable, in a direction of movement, preferably linearly between an unlocking position and a locking position, wherein a locking module is formed which has a guide device, wherein the locking element is held so as to be guideable in the guide device, wherein an actuator is formed which can be inserted into the locking module transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the direction of movement and can be locked by the locking element, it is proposed that the locking element is mounted on both sides of the inserted actuator in the two switching positions. List of reference symbols 1 locking device 2 actuators 3 locking module 4 Hull 5 heads 6 Opening 7 Actuator arm 8 (other) actuator arm 9 Contact body 10 Drive 11 Locking element 12 locking element, locking elements 13 Sealing element 14 RFID reader 15 RFID tag, RFID tags 16 Thickening 17 Escape release device 18 Insertion recess 19 Basic area 19.1 upper basic area 19.2 lower base area 20 Expansion area 21 Guide device 22 deepening, deepenings 23 Magnet, electromagnet 24 Predetermined breaking point 25 Control unit 26 Drive element, rope 27 Reset element 28 Flange element 29 Flange axis 30 One-piece unlocking element 30.1 Multi-part release elements 31 Release element axis 32 fingers 33 Escape release locking element 34 through hole, through holes 35 pen, pens 36 locking device 37 Recess 38 edge, edges X Actuation direction of the drive element 26 Y Actuation direction of the locking element 11 R radius of curvature

Claims

[1] Locking device (1) for a safety switch with a locking element (11) which is adjustable, in particular displaceable, in a direction of movement linearly between an unlocking position and a locking position, wherein a locking module (3) is formed which has a guide device (21), wherein the locking element (11) is held in a guide manner in the guide device (21), wherein an actuator (2) is formed which can be inserted into the locking module (3) transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the direction of movement and can be locked by the locking element (11), characterized bythat the blocking element (11) has a thickening (16) and the actuator (2) has an insertion recess (18), wherein the insertion recess (18) has a widening region (20) in which a width of the insertion recess (18) is not constant, and that the blocking element (11) engages with its thickening (16) in the widening region (20) in a locking manner and is mounted in its two switching positions on both sides of the actuator (2) in the guide device (21). [2] Locking device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that the locking element (11) is mounted by at least two independent guide devices (21). [3] Locking device (1) according to claim 1 to 2, characterized bythat the locking element (11) is adjustable, in particular displaceable, from the locking position into the unlocking position by an escape release device (17), wherein the escape release device (17) is movable together with the actuator (2). [4] Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the actuator (2) performs a linear actuating movement and / or that the actuator (2) has the insertion recess (18) which receives the locking element (11). [5] Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the insertion recess (18) has an undercut and / or that the insertion recess (18) has a base region (19) in which a width of the insertion recess (18) is constant, and / or that the insertion recess (18) has an expansion region (20) in which one or the width of the insertion recess (18) is variable, in particular non-constant. [6] Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the actuator (2) is fork-shaped. [7] Locking device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by that the thickening (16) engages behind the or an undercut of the actuator (2) in the locking position, and / or that the guide device (21) has a sealing element (13) and / or that the blocking element (11) rests on the sealing element (13) in the unlocking position, in particular with its thickening (16), and / or that the blocking element (11) is electromagnetically controllable. [8] Locking device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized bythat locking elements (12) are formed in the locking module (3), in particular wherein the locking elements (12) are formed as locking balls and / or that the actuator (2) has recesses (22) on the outside, in particular which interact with the locking elements (12) in a closed position, and / or that the locking module (3) has a drive (10) by means of which the blocking element (11) can be brought into the unlocking position or the locking position, and / or that the drive (10) has a, preferably monostable or bistable, electromagnet (23). [9] Locking device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized bythat the locking module (3) has an RFID reader (14), and / or that the actuator (2) has at least two RFID tags (15), in particular wherein the RFID tags (15) are attached to different sides of the insertion recess (18) and / or that the actuator (2) has a predetermined breaking point (24), in particular at which an actuator arm (7, 8) breaks off when a maximum force is exceeded. [10] Locking device (1) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized by that the thickening (16) has an angular cross-section, in particular a rectangular or square or octagonal or hexagonal cross-section. [11] Locking device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized bythat the locking module (3) has a control unit (25), and in particular wherein the control unit (25) communicates with the RFID reader (14) and sends a control signal to the drive (19) when a criterion is met, in particular wherein the criterion can be the relative position of the RFID tags (15) to the RFID reader (14), and / or in particular wherein the control unit (25) communicates with the RFID reader (14) and sends a control signal to the drive (10) when a criterion is met, in particular wherein a criterion can be coding information in the RFID tags (15). [12] Locking device (1) according to one of claims 3 to 11, characterized bythat the actuator (2) has the escape release device (17), and / or that the escape release device (17) comprises a drive element (26), in particular with which the locking element (11) can be brought into the unlocking position, and in particular wherein a return element (27), in particular a spring element or a spring, acts on the drive element (26), and / or that an unlocking element (30) can be fixed in an upper and a lower locking position with the aid of locking elements and / or in particular wherein the escape release device (17) comprises a flange element (28), in particular which can be controlled via the drive element (26), and / or that the flange element (28) is rotatable about a flange axis (29), in particular wherein the flange axis (29) is arranged transversely to the direction of movement. [13] Locking device (1) according to claim 12, characterized bythat the flange element (28) is positively coupled to the unlocking element (30), in particular wherein the unlocking element (30) is rotatable about an unlocking element axis (31), and / or that the or an unlocking element axis (31) is arranged parallel to the flange axis (29). [14] Locking device (1) according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized by that the unlocking element (30) has at least one finger (32) which, in the locking position, rests on the thickened portion (16) of the locking element (11), and / or that a force and / or path transmission can be introduced by the flange element (28) and / or that a linear movement of the drive element (26) can be converted into a rotational movement of the flange element (28) and / or the unlocking element (30). [15] Locking device (1) according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized bythat the drive element (26) can be controlled by a tensile force or a compressive force. [16] Locking device (1) according to one of claims 3 to 15, characterized by that the escape release device (17) in an actuated state exerts an actuating force on the locking element (11), in particular which is greater than an opposite, in particular magnetic, holding force which holds the locking element (11) in the locking position. [17] Locking device (1) according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized bythat the escape release device (17) has an escape release latching element (33) which holds the unlocking element (30) in an actuated state, in particular wherein the escape release latching element (33) has an axis which can be located between the flange axis (29) and the unlocking element axis (31), and / or that the unlocking element (30) has through-bores (34), in particular through which pins (35) are guided, wherein the pins (35) run in a longitudinal extension through the flange axis (29) and the unlocking element axis (31). [18] Method for activating and deactivating a locking device (1) according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized bythat the actuator (2) is guided into the locking module (3) along a guide direction, that a relative position determination between the actuator (2) and the locking module (3) is carried out by means of a detection unit, wherein when a criterion is fulfilled, the criterion comprising a distance between one or more RFID tags (15) and an RFID reader (14), the control unit (25) sends a signal to the drive (10), which moves the blocking element (11) transversely to the guide direction from the unlocking position into the locking position. [19] Method for activating and deactivating a locking device (1) according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized bythat the actuator (2) is guided into the locking module (3) along a guide direction, that a relative position determination between the actuator (2) and the locking module (3) is carried out by means of a detection unit, wherein upon fulfillment of a criterion, wherein one criterion is the correspondence of electronic information in the RFID tags (15) with the information stored in the control unit (coding), and / or that the control unit (25) sends a signal to the drive (10), which moves the blocking element (11) transversely to the guide direction from the locking position to the unlocking position when the detection unit detects a number of RFID tags (15) and / or their stored information, wherein the number of detected RFID tags (15) must correspond to a previously defined number. [20] Use of a locking device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17 on a closing device (36) for an opening, in particular on a linearly movable or pivotably movable door, in particular wherein the actuator (2) is fastened to a movable part of the closing device (36), in particular to a door leaf.

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