Vibration damper, component arrangement and motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibration damper (16) for a component (14) having a cavity (12), in particular a motor vehicle component, wherein the vibration damper (16) is configured to be arranged in the cavity (12) in order to dampen vibrations of the component (14), the vibration damper (16) has at least one interface area (S), at least one spring area (C) and at least one mass area (M), the interface area (S) is configured to be attached to the component (14), whereby the vibration damper (16) can be held on the component (14) via the interface area (S), the mass area (M) is held on the interface area (S) via the spring area (C), whereby the mass area (M) can oscillate relative to the interface area (S) for damping the vibrations.and the entire vibration damper (16) consists of a metallic material or of several different metallic materials.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a vibration damper for a component having a cavity, a component arrangement for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle.

[0002] EP 0 988 470 B1 discloses a hollow drive shaft with an integrated vibration damper. This vibration damper consists of a damper mass and an elastic coupling element. The damper mass is rotationally symmetrical and axially symmetrical and is operatively connected to the inner wall of the hollow drive shaft via the elastic coupling element. The elastic coupling element is made of a material from the elastomer group.

[0003] Furthermore, DE 36 32 418 A1 discloses an arrangement for vibration damping of a hollow component. The arrangement comprises a damping mass arranged within the cavity, resting against its inner wall, and elastically mounted within the cavity.

[0004] In addition, a vibration damper for a propeller shaft is known from JP-H-08 233 031 A.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a solution which enables particularly advantageous damping of vibrations of a hollow component.

[0006] This object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent claims. Further possible embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the subclaims, the description, and the figures. Features, advantages, and possible embodiments presented in the description for one of the subject matter of the independent claims are to be regarded at least analogously as features, advantages, and possible embodiments of the respective subject matter of the other independent claims, as well as any possible combination of the subject matter of the independent claims, optionally in conjunction with one or more of the subclaims.

[0007] The invention relates to a vibration damper for a component having a hollow space, in particular a motor vehicle component. The motor vehicle component is in particular a shaft for a motor vehicle. This shaft is in particular designed as a hollow shaft. The component can be completely hollow or not completely hollow. The vibration damper is designed to be arranged in the hollow space in order to dampen vibrations of the component. The vibration damper has at least one interface region, at least one spring region and at least one mass region. The interface region is designed to be fastened to the component, whereby the vibration damper can be held to the component via the interface region.The mass region is held to the interface region via the spring region, whereby the mass region can oscillate relative to the interface region to dampen the vibrations. This means that the oscillating mass region is attached to the interface region via the resilient spring region, wherein the spring element enables the mass region to oscillate relative to the interface region. It is provided that the entire vibration damper is made of one metallic material or of several different materials. This means that the entire vibration damper is made of one or more materials which have at least one metallic component. This means that the vibration damper can be made of at least one metal or at least one metal alloy. This means that the entire vibration damper does not comprise an elastomer.Elastomers are dimensionally stable yet elastically deformable plastics whose glass transition point is below room temperature. By constructing the entire vibration absorber from at least one metallic material, the vibration absorber can dampen vibrations in the high-frequency range particularly well.

[0008] In a possible development of the invention, it is provided that the at least one interface region, the at least one mass region, and the at least one spring region are made of the same metallic material. Since no material boundaries or material transitions occur at the respective transition regions between the interface region and the spring region, or between the spring region and the mass region, the occurrence of potential differences between the interface region and the spring region, or between the spring region and the mass region, can be particularly effectively avoided, thereby keeping the risk of electrochemical corrosion particularly low. Furthermore, the design of the entire vibration damper from the same metallic material enables particularly simple, pure recycling of the vibration damper.

[0009] In a further possible embodiment of the invention, the vibration damper is designed as a single piece. This means that the interface area, the mass area, and the spring area are formed integrally with one another. In other words, the vibration damper is designed as a monolithic unit. This minimizes the risk of the different areas of the vibration damper becoming detached from one another.

[0010] In a further possible embodiment of the invention, the vibration damper has at least one passage in the interface region, through which a fluid can flow in particular. This passage enables the flow of operating fluids such as lubricants, coolants or a cooling lubricant. This makes it possible for the component arrangement with the vibration damper and the component to be designed in a particularly space-saving and thus particularly compact manner due to the arrangement of the vibration damper in the cavity of the component, that vibrations of the component can be reliably dampened and, moreover, that a flow of operating fluids through the cavity of the component is reliably possible despite the arrangement of the vibration damper in the cavity. Furthermore, pressure equalization can take place via the at least one passage by gas, in particular air, flowing through the passage.

[0011] Alternatively or additionally, at least one element, such as a cable, can be inserted through the passage.

[0012] In a further possible embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the at least one metallic material is linearly elastic. This means that metallic materials are used to manufacture the vibration damper which behave elastically, in particular linearly elastically, in the operating range. The metallic material thus behaves linearly elastically in the operating range, with strain being proportional to the stress and being reversible. Within an elastic range, deformation disappears completely when the stress is no longer acting. If a load is not large enough to cause plastic deformation, then elastic deformation remains. The elastic range can be divided into the linear elastic range and a non-linear elastic range. The linear elastic range extends up to a proportionality limit.This means that the stress is proportional to the strain and follows Hooke's law. Deformation under a load can be calculated using Hooke's law. By selecting a linearly elastic metallic material for the vibration absorber, specified vibrations of the component can be dampened reliably and reproducibly using the vibration absorber.

[0013] The invention further relates to a component arrangement for a device, in particular for a motor vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car. This component arrangement comprises a motor vehicle component having a cavity and a vibration damper as already described in connection with the vibration damper according to the invention. The vibration damper is arranged in the cavity of the motor vehicle component and is held on the motor vehicle component via the interface region. In particular, the interface region is applied to an inner wall of the motor vehicle component that delimits the cavity and is fastened to this inner wall. Vibrations of the motor vehicle component can be damped by means of the vibration damper.Due to the arrangement of the vibration damper in the cavity of the motor vehicle component, the component arrangement is particularly compact, whereby vibrations of the motor vehicle component can be reliably dampened by means of the vibration damper.

[0014] In a possible development of the invention, it is provided that the motor vehicle component is designed as a planetary carrier or as a hollow axle or as a hollow shaft, in particular as a transmission shaft or as an output shaft or as a propeller shaft or as a shaft in an electric drive train of the motor vehicle or as a crankshaft or as a cardan shaft. The planetary carrier is part of a planetary gear system. The planetary carrier is in particular connected to all planets of the planetary gear system and transmits the transmitted power as an output. By arranging the vibration damper in the cavity of the hollow axle or the hollow shaft or in the hollow planet carrier, vibrations of the planetary carrier or the hollow axle or the hollow shaft can be dampened particularly well with a compact design of the resulting component arrangement.

[0015] The invention further relates to a motor vehicle with a component arrangement as already described in connection with the component arrangement according to the invention. The component arrangement is designed to be particularly compact, and vibrations of the respective component can be particularly effectively damped by means of the vibration damper. Thus, due to the compact design of the component arrangement, there is a particularly large amount of space available in the motor vehicle for additional components, and the vibration damping of the component arrangement allows for the resulting structure-borne noise in the motor vehicle to be kept particularly low.

[0016] Further features of the invention may emerge from the claims, the figures, and the description of the figures. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features shown below in the description of the figures and / or in the figures alone, can be used not only in the respective combinations specified, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0017] The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a schematic sectional view of a component arrangement with a hollow component and a vibration damper arranged in the cavity of the component, wherein the vibration damper is designed as a two-parameter vibration damper; Fig. 2 a schematic sectional view of the component arrangement, wherein the vibration damper is designed as a three-parameter vibration damper; Fig. 3 a schematic sectional view of the component arrangement, wherein the vibration damper is designed as a four-parameter vibration damper in a first embodiment; Fig. 4 a schematic sectional view of the component arrangement, wherein the vibration damper is designed as a four-parameter vibration damper in a second embodiment; Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the component arrangement, wherein the vibration damper is designed as a four-parameter vibration damper in a third embodiment; Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the component arrangement, wherein the vibration damper is designed as a five-parameter vibration damper in a first embodiment; Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of the component arrangement, wherein the vibration damper is designed as a five-parameter vibration damper in a second embodiment; Fig. 8 is a schematic sectional view of the component arrangement, wherein an interface region of the vibration damper, via which the vibration damper is held on the component, is designed with at least one passage; and Fig. 9 a schematic cross-sectional view of the interface area of ​​the vibration absorber according to Fig. 8.

[0018] In the figures, identical and functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0019] In the Fig. 1 to 8 each show a component arrangement 10 for a motor vehicle in different embodiments, each in a sectional view. In each of the embodiments, the component arrangement 10 comprises a component 14 having a cavity 12, which in the present case is a motor vehicle component. In particular, the motor vehicle component can be a planetary carrier, a hollow axle, or a hollow shaft. This hollow shaft can, in particular, be a transmission shaft, an output shaft, a rotor shaft, a propeller shaft, a shaft in an electric drive train of the motor vehicle, a crankshaft, or a cardan shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, the component arrangement 10 in each of the embodiments has a vibration damper 16, which is arranged in the cavity 12 of the component 14. The vibration damper 16 in each embodiment has at least one interface region S, at least one spring region C, and at least one mass region M. The at least one interface region S is fastened to the component 14. In particular, the at least one interface region S is fastened to an inner wall 18 of the component 14 that delimits the cavity 12. For this purpose, the at least one interface region S can bear against the inner wall 18. The at least one mass region M is held on the at least one interface region S via the at least one spring region C. As a result, the at least one mass region M can oscillate relative to the at least one interface region S to dampen vibrations of the component 14.In each embodiment of the vibration damper 16, it is provided that the entire vibration damper 16 and thus all interface regions S, all spring regions C, and all mass regions M are made of one or more different metal materials. In particular, all interface regions S, mass regions M, and spring regions C of the vibration damper 16 can be made of the same metal material. In this case, the vibration damper 16 can, in particular, be formed as a single piece. In particular, the at least one metal material is designed to be linearly elastic. This means that a linearly elastic metal material is selected for the manufacture of the vibration damper 16.

[0021] The vibration absorber 16 is used in the different, in the Fig. The configurations shown in Figures 1 to 8 are each defined by a different number of parameters.

[0022] The number of parameters results from the sum of spring ranges C and mass ranges M. In Fig. 1 shows a two-parameter vibration damper with a spring region C1 and a mass region M1, which has an interface region S1. In Fig. 2 shows a three-parameter vibration damper with a mass range M1 and two spring ranges C1 and C2. Fig. The vibration damper 16 shown in Figure 2 has two interface areas S1, S2. The mass area M1 is connected to the respective interface areas S1, S2 via a spring area C1 and C2, respectively. The mass area M1 is arranged between the interface areas S1, S2 and can thus oscillate between the interface areas S1, S2, via which the vibration damper 16 is attached to the component 14.

[0023] In the Fig. 3 to 5 each show a four-parameter vibration damper with two spring regions C1, C2 and two mass regions M1 and M2 as well as an interface region S1, wherein the embodiments differ with regard to the arrangement of the spring regions C and the mass regions M at the interface region S. In the case of the Fig. 3, the respective spring regions C1, C2 are connected to opposite side surfaces of the interface region S1. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the respective mass areas M1, M2, the respective spring areas C1, C2 and the interface area S1 were manufactured separately and then attached to each other. Fig. 4, the interface region S1, the first spring region C1, and the first mass region M1 are formed in one piece and thus monolithic. Furthermore, the second spring region C2 is formed in one piece with the second mass region M2 and thus monolithic and is attached to the interface region S1. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the vibration damper 16 is attached to the component 14 via the interface area S1. In the embodiment shown in Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, each spring region C1, C2 is formed integrally with one of the mass regions M1, M2 and is thus monolithic. The interface region S1 is formed separately from the respective spring regions C1, C2 and the respective mass regions M1, M2. Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the first spring region C1 rests against a side surface of the interface region S1 and the second spring region C2 is inserted through an opening 20 of the interface region S1 and rests against the first spring region C1.

[0024] In the Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 shows the component arrangement 10 with the vibration damper 16 as a five-parameter vibration damper. The vibration dampers 16 shown each have two interface areas S1, S2, two mass areas M1, M2, and three spring areas C1, C2, C3. Fig. 6, the interface areas S1, S2 as well as all spring areas C1, C2, C3 and the mass areas M1, M2 are each formed separately from each other and fastened to each other. Fig. In the configuration shown in Figure 7, the three spring elements C1, C2, C3 are formed in one piece and thus monolithic. In the five-parameter vibration dampers shown, the two mass regions M1, M2 are each held directly to an interface region S1, S2 via one of the spring regions C1, C3. In addition, the mass regions M1, M2 are held together in a vibrating manner via the further spring region C2. In the configuration shown in Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 7, the spring regions C1, C2, C3 are formed as a continuous rod, which is inserted through respective openings 20 of the interface regions S1, S2 and through respective openings 22 of the mass regions M1, M2. This spring rod is thus mounted at its respective ends via an interface region S1, S2 in the cavity 12, with the respective mass regions M1, M2 being threaded onto the spring rod.

[0025] In order to allow a flow of an operating medium, in particular a lubricant, a coolant or a cooling lubricant within the cavity 12, it can be provided that the vibration damper 16, in particular in the interface area S, has at least one passage 24, as in Fig. 8 is shown. In Fig. 9, the interface area S is in a plane perpendicular to the cutting plane in Fig. 8. Here, the interface area S has four passages 24 through which the operating medium can flow. In this case, the passages 24 are arranged in an edge region with respect to the Fig.9 and arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction around a central axis of the interface region S. Alternatively or additionally, the passage 24 can be provided to enable pressure equalization between respective regions of the cavity 12 which are arranged on mutually opposite regions of the interface region S. Further alternatively or additionally, at least one element, such as a cable, can be inserted through at least one passage 24.

[0026] The described invention is based on the realization that shafts are designed to meet the requirements for a bending eigenform. Structural stiffening measures, such as increased diameter and wall thickness, as well as external radial dampers, are classic design options. Insufficient vibration damping can result in the risk of acoustic target failure. It may happen that very little installation space is available for vibration dampers in the motor vehicle. In the described component arrangement 10, the cavity 12 in component 14, particularly inside a shaft, is used to integrate the internal vibration damper 16, which can reduce an excessive level at the resonance point. Thus, in the component arrangement 10, the internal vibration damper 16 is used in the hollow, tube-like structure of component 14.The component 14 can be either completely hollow or not completely hollow. A natural frequency of the internal vibration damper 16 is tuned to the bending natural frequencies of the component 14 in order to reduce vibrations of the component 14 by means of the vibration damper 16. This allows vibrations, component stresses, and acoustic phenomena caused by vibration excitation to be reduced.

[0027] The internal vibration absorbers 16 are preferably designed as a single piece, but can alternatively be constructed in multiple parts. The spring stiffnesses of the spring regions C and the masses of the respective mass regions M of the respective vibration absorbers 16 are adjusted by their geometric design based on the properties of the materials used.

[0028] Overall, the invention shows how the internal vibration damper 16 can be implemented. List of reference symbols 10 Component arrangement 12 Cavity 14 component 16 vibration absorbers 18 Interior wall 20 Opening 22 Opening 24 passage C spring area M mass range S Interface area QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 0 988 470 B1

[0002] DE 36 32 418 A1

[0003] JP-H-08 233 031 A

[0004]

Claims

[1] Vibration damper (16) for a component (14) having a cavity (12), in particular a motor vehicle component, wherein - the vibration damper (16) is designed to be arranged in the cavity (12) in order to dampen vibrations of the component (14), - the vibration damper (16) has at least one interface region (S), at least one spring region (C) and at least one mass region (M), - the interface region (S) is designed to be attached to the component (14), whereby the vibration damper (16) can be held on the component (14) via the interface region (S), - the mass region (M) is held on the interface region (S) via the spring region (C), whereby the mass region (M) can oscillate relative to the interface region (S) for damping the oscillations, and - the entire vibration damper (16) consists of one metallic material or of several different metallic materials. [2] Vibration damper (16) according to claim 1, characterized by that the at least one interface region (S), the at least one mass region (M) and the at least one spring region (C) consist of the same metallic material. [3] Vibration damper (16) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the vibration damper (16) is formed in one piece. [4] Vibration damper (16) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the vibration damper (16) has at least one passage (24) in the interface region (S), through which a fluid can flow in particular. [5] Vibration damper (16) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the at least one metallic material is linearly elastic. [6] Component arrangement (10) for a device, in particular for a motor vehicle, with a component (14) having a cavity (12), in particular a motor vehicle component, and with a vibration damper (16) according to one of the preceding claims, which is arranged in the cavity (12) and is held on the component (14) via the interface region (S), whereby vibrations of the component (14) can be damped by means of the vibration damper (16). [7] Component arrangement (10) according to claim 6, characterized by that the component (14) is designed as a planetary carrier or hollow axle or hollow shaft, in particular as a transmission shaft or output shaft or rotor shaft or cardan shaft or shaft in an electric drive train or crankshaft or cardan shaft, for a motor vehicle. [8] Motor vehicle with a component arrangement (10) according to claim 6 or 7.

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