Guide vane adjustment device and turbomachine

Abstract

Guide vane adjustment device (17) for a turbomachine, namely for rotating several guide vanes (11) grouped into a guide vane ring (10) about radially extending axes of rotation of the guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), wherein each guide vane (11) has a front blade part (13) and a rear blade part (14) which are rotatable relative to each other, with a first drive hub (18) which can be coupled to a first drive motor and which can be driven by the first drive motor, and with a first control ring (19) which transmits a rotation of the first drive hub (18) to the front blade parts (13) of the guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10) to the front blade parts (13), with a second drive hub (23) which can be coupled to a second drive motor and which can be driven by the second drive motor, and with a second Steering ring (24),which transmits a rotation of the second drive hub (23) to the rear blade sections (14) independently of the rotation of the front blade sections (13) of the guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), characterized in that the first drive hub (18) is directly coupled to one of the front blade sections (13) of one of the guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), such that the front blade section (13) of this guide vane (11) of the guide vane ring (10) can be rotated directly from the first drive hub (18) without the interposition of the first control ring (19), and the first drive hub (18) is indirectly coupled to the front blade sections (13) of the other guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), such thatthat the front blade sections (13) of the other guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10) are indirectly rotatable from the first drive hub via the interposition of the first control ring (19), and / or that the second drive hub (23) is directly coupled to one of the rear blade sections (14) of one of the guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), such that the rear blade section (14) of this guide vane (11) of the guide vane ring (10) is directly rotatable from the second drive hub (23) without the interposition of the second control ring (24), and the second drive hub (23) is indirectly coupled to the rear blade sections (14) of the other guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), such that the rear blade sections (14) of the other guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10) starting from the second drive hub, they can be rotated indirectly via the interposition of the second control ring (24).

Description

The invention relates to a guide vane adjustment device for a turbomachine and a turbomachine with a guide vane adjustment device. Turbomachines known from practical applications have a rotor and a stator. The rotor of a turbomachine comprises a shaft and several impeller blades rotating with the shaft, the impeller blades forming at least one impeller ring. The stator of a turbomachine comprises a housing and several stationary guide vanes, the guide vanes forming at least one impeller ring. The guide vanes known from practical applications are made in one piece. It is known from practical applications to adjust the one-piece guide vanes of an impeller ring of a turbomachine by means of a guide vane adjustment device such that the guide vanes are rotatable about an axis of rotation extending in the radial direction of the rotor. DE 10 2015 004 649 A1 discloses a guide vane adjustment device for rotating guide vanes that are designed in two parts. Each guide vane has a front blade section and a rear blade section, wherein the front and rear blade sections are rotated and thus adjusted together via a common control ring. A common drive hub interacts with the common control ring. Starting from the common drive hub, one of the guide vanes of the guide vane ring is directly adjustable, while the other guide vanes of the guide vane ring are indirectly adjustable starting from the drive hub via the common control ring. According to DE 10 2015 004 649 A1, the two blade sections of each rotor blade can only be rotated and thus adjusted according to a fixed adjustment law dependent on the coupling mechanism, due to their coupled displacement. It is not possible to adjust the front and rear blade sections independently of each other. Therefore, the efficiency of a turbomachine can only be increased to a limited extent. US 4 995 786 A a guide vane adjustment device for a turbomachine according to the preamble of claim 1. DE 10 2018 121 020 A1 reveals further state of the art. Starting from this premise, the invention is based on the objective of creating a novel guide vane adjustment device and a turbomachine with such a guide vane adjustment device. This problem is solved by a guide vane adjustment device according to claim 1 and by a turbomachine with such a guide vane adjustment device according to claim 8. The guide vane adjustment device according to the invention has a first drive hub which can be coupled to a first drive motor and which can be driven via the first drive motor, and a first control ring which transmits a rotation of the first drive hub to the front blade parts of the guide vanes of the guide vane ring for the purpose of rotating the front blade parts. The guide vane adjustment device according to the invention further comprises a second drive hub, which can be coupled to a second drive motor and which can be driven via the second drive motor, and a second control ring, which transmits a rotation of the second drive hub to the rear blade parts independently of the rotation of the front blade parts of the guide vanes of the guide vane ring. The guide vane adjustment device according to the invention utilizes two separate drive hubs, each of which can be coupled to a drive motor. Furthermore, the guide vane adjustment device according to the invention has two separate control rings. The front blade sections of the guide vanes are adjustable via the first drive motor, the first drive hub, and the first control ring. The rear blade sections are adjustable via the second drive motor, the second drive hub, and the second control ring, independently of the rotation of the front blade sections and independently of the front blade sections of the guide vanes. The two blade sections can therefore be adjusted independently of each other, so that there is no longer a fixed adjustment law dependent on a coupling mechanism. According to the invention, the first drive hub is directly coupled to one of the front blade sections of one of the guide vanes of the guide vane assembly, such that the front blade section of this guide vane of the guide vane assembly can be rotated directly from the first drive hub without the interposition of the first control ring. The first drive hub is indirectly coupled to the front blade sections of the other guide vanes of the guide vane assembly, such that the front blade sections of the other guide vanes of the guide vane assembly can be rotated indirectly from the first drive hub with the interposition of the first control ring.Alternatively or additionally, according to the invention, the second drive hub is directly coupled to one of the rear blade sections of one of the guide vanes of the guide vane assembly, such that the rear blade section of this guide vane of the guide vane assembly can be rotated directly from the second drive hub without the interposition of the second control ring. The second drive hub is indirectly coupled to the rear blade sections of the other guide vanes of the guide vane assembly, such that the rear blade sections of the other guide vanes of the guide vane assembly can be rotated indirectly from the second drive hub with the interposition of the second control ring. Preferably, the first control ring is arranged on a first axial side of the guide vane ring facing the leading blade sections of the guide vanes, and the second control ring is arranged on a second axial side of the guide vane ring facing the trailing blade sections of the guide vanes. This is preferred for simple, independent displacement of the leading and trailing blade sections of the guide vanes. Preferably, the first drive hub is coupled to the first control ring via a first drive lever, and the second drive hub is coupled to the second control ring via a second drive lever, wherein the first drive hub and the first drive lever are arranged at a first circumferential position, and the second drive hub and the second drive lever are arranged at a second, different circumferential position of the guide vane ring. The actuation at the respective drive hub can be transmitted to the respective control ring via the drive levers. Preferably, the first control ring of the guide vane adjustment device is coupled via a first blade lever to a bearing journal of the front blade section of another, indirectly rotatable guide vane, wherein the second control ring of the guide vane adjustment device is coupled via a second blade lever to a bearing journal of the rear blade section of another, indirectly rotatable guide vane. The actuation signal originating from the respective drive hub is transmitted from the respective control ring to the other, indirectly rotatable guide vanes of the guide vane assembly via the respective blade lever of the guide vane adjustment device. Preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, without being limited thereto. These show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a turbomachine in the region of a guide vane assembly and a guide vane adjustment device for multi-section guide vanes of the guide vane assembly; Fig. 2 a detail of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a cross-section through the detail of Fig. 2 in the region of a first drive hub; Fig. 4 the section of Fig. 1 rotated in the circumferential direction; Fig. 5 a detail of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 a cross-section through the detail of Fig. 5 in the region of a second drive hub; Fig. 7 a detail of Fig. 1, Fig. 4; Fig. 8 a cross-section through the detail of Fig. 7 in the region of a second vane lever of the guide vane adjustment device; Fig. 9 a cross-section through the detail of Fig.7 in the area of ​​a first blade lever of the guide vane adjustment device. The basic structure of a turbomachine is familiar to the person skilled in the art. For the sake of completeness, it should be stated here that a turbomachine comprises a rotor with rotor-side impeller blades and a stator with stator-side guide vanes. The impeller blades of the rotor form at least one impeller blade ring, with each impeller blade ring rotating together with a rotor shaft. The guide vanes of the stator form at least one guide vane ring, which is connected to a stator-side housing. The invention presented here relates to a guide vane adjustment device for the guide vanes of the stator of a turbomachine and to a turbomachine with at least one such guide vane adjustment device. Fig. 1 shows a perspective section of a turbomachine, namely a perspective view of a so-called inlet guide apparatus of a turbomachine, with the help of which the flow of a process gas can be specifically influenced before entering an impeller. The inlet guide vane assembly shown in Fig. 1 has a guide vane ring 10 consisting of several guide vanes 11, which project inwards into the flow channel from a housing 12 defining the flow channel. Each guide vane 11 is formed in multiple parts, consisting of a front blade section 13 and a rear blade section 14. Each of the blade sections 13, 14 of each guide vane 11 has a bearing journal 15, 16, wherein, in the illustrated embodiment, the bearing journal 15 for the front blade section 13 is designed as a hollow journal and the bearing journal 16 for the rear blade section 14 is designed as a solid journal. The bearing journals 15, 16 of each multi-part guide vane 11 run coaxially to each other in the radial direction, so that the radially running axes of rotation of the bearing journals 15, 16 of the blade parts 13, 14 coincide in the area of ​​each guide vane 11.In the area of ​​each guide vane 11, the two vane parts 13, 14 are therefore rotatable about a common axis of rotation relative to the housing 12, whereby this axis of rotation extends in the radial direction and is defined by the coaxial axes of the two bearing journals 15, 16. To twist and thus displace the front and rear blade parts 13, 14 of the guide vanes 11, a guide vane adjustment device 17 works together with the guide vane ring 10. The guide vane adjustment device 17 has a first drive hub 18, which can be coupled to a first drive motor (not shown) and which can be driven by the first drive motor. A first control ring 19 interacts with this first drive hub 18, transmitting a rotation of the first drive hub 18 to the front blade sections 13 of the guide vanes 11 of the guide vane ring 10. The first drive hub 18 is directly coupled to one of the front blade sections 13 of one of the guide vanes 11 of the guide vane assembly 10, such that this front blade section 13 of this guide vane 11 of the guide vane assembly 10 can be rotated directly from the first drive hub 18 without the interposition of the first control ring 19. Fig. 3 shows that the first drive hub 18, namely an intermediate piece 20 connected to the first drive hub 18, is coupled to the bearing journal 15 of the front blade section 13 of the guide vane 11 shown there, without the interposition of the first control ring 19. Therefore, this guide vane 11 can be rotated and thus displaced directly from the first drive hub 18. The first drive hub 18 is indirectly coupled to the front blade sections 13 of the other guide vanes 11 of the guide vane assembly 10, such that the front blade sections 13 of the other guide vanes 11 of the guide vane assembly 10 can be rotated indirectly from the first drive hub 18 via the first control ring 19. The first drive hub 18 is thus coupled to the first control ring 19 via a first drive lever 21, in order to transmit an actuation of the first drive hub 18 to the first control ring 19 via the first drive lever 21. The first control ring 19 is coupled via a first blade lever 22 to the bearing journal 15 of the front blade section 13 of a different guide vane 11 of the guide vane assembly 10, which can be rotated indirectly via the first control ring 19. A rotation of the first drive hub 18 therefore causes a direct rotation of the front blade part 13 of a single guide vane 11, as well as a rotation of the first control ring 19 and, via the first control ring 19, a rotation of the first blade parts 13 of all other guide vanes 11. The guide vane adjustment device 17 further comprises a second drive hub 23, which is coupled to a second drive motor (also not shown) and can be driven by the second drive motor. A second control ring 24 interacts with the second drive hub 23. The second control ring 24 transmits a rotation of the second drive hub 23 to the rear blade sections 14 of the guide vanes 11, independently of the rotation of the front blade sections 13 of the guide vanes 11 of the guide vane ring 10. Analogous to the first drive hub 18, the second drive hub 19 is directly coupled to one of the rear blade sections 14 of one of the guide vanes 11 of the guide vane assembly 10, such that the rear blade section 14 of this guide vane 11 can be rotated directly from the second drive hub 23 without the interposition of the second control ring 24. Fig. 5 shows that the second drive hub 23 engages directly with the bearing journal 16 of the rear blade section 14 of the guide vane 11 shown in Fig. 5. The second drive hub 23 is indirectly coupled to the rear blade parts 14 of the other guide vanes 11 of the guide vane ring 10, such that the rear blade parts 14 of the other guide vanes 11 of the guide vane ring 10 can be rotated indirectly from the second drive hub 23 with the interposition of the second control ring 24.For this purpose, the second drive hub 23 is coupled to the second control ring 24 via a second drive lever 25, so that a rotation of the second drive hub 23 causes a rotation of the second control ring 24. The second control ring 24 is then coupled via a second blade lever 26 to a respective bearing journal 16 of the rear blade section 14 of a different guide vane 11. The actuation or rotation of the second drive hub 23 therefore causes the direct rotation of a rear blade section 14 of a single guide vane 11. The rotation of the other rear blade sections 14 of the other guide vanes 11 takes place via the interposition of the second control ring 24. As can best be seen from Fig. 6, Fig. 7 to Fig. 8, each of the first blade levers 22 is composed of two lever sections 22a, 22b and each of the second blade levers 26 is composed of two lever sections 26a, 26b. A first of these lever sections, namely the first lever sections 22a, 26a, of each bucket lever 22, 26, engages the respective control ring 19, 24. A second of these lever sections, namely the second lever sections 22b, 26b, of each bucket lever 22, 26, engages the respective bearing pin 16, 15. The respective first lever sections 22a, 26a pivotally engage the respective second lever section 22b, 26b of the respective bucket lever 22, 26. Fig. 7 shows the fixed or non-articulated coupling of the second lever section 26b of a second blade lever 26 with the bearing journal 16 of a rear blade section 14. Fig. 8 shows the fixed or non-articulated coupling of the second lever section 22b of a first blade lever 22 with the bearing journal 15 of a front blade section 13 of a guide vane 11. Furthermore, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show...8 joints 27, 28 between the first lever sections 22a, 26a and the respective second lever section 22b, 26b of the respective bucket lever 22. The first lever sections 22a, 26a, of the bucket lever 22, 26 preferably pivotally engage the respective control ring 19, 24. The first drive hub 18 is arranged together with the first drive lever 21 at a first circumferential position of the guide vane ring 10 and thus of the guide vane adjustment device 17, the second drive hub 23 is arranged with the second drive lever 25 at a second different circumferential position. Viewed in the axial direction of the guide vane ring 10, the first control ring 19 is located on a first axial side of the guide vane ring 10, which faces the front blade parts 13, and the second control ring 24 is located on a second axial side of the guide vane ring 10, which faces the rear blade parts 14 of the guide vanes 11. The guide vane adjustment device 17 according to the invention for adjusting multi-part guide vanes 11, each comprising a front blade section 13 and a rear blade section 14, utilizes two drive hubs 18, 23 and two control rings 19, 24. The front blade sections 13 can be rotated independently of the rear blade sections 14. Therefore, there is no fixed adjustment law predetermined by a coupling mechanism between the adjustment of the front blade sections 13 and the rear blade sections 14. Rather, the adjustment between the blade sections 13, 14 can be freely selected by individually actuating the adjustment from the separate drive hubs 18, 19 via the separate control rings 19, 24. Reference symbol list 10 Guide vane ring 11 Guide vane 12 Housing 13 Front blade section 14 Rear blade section 15 Bearing journal 16 Bearing journal 17 Guide vane adjustment device 18 First drive hub 19 First control ring 20 Intermediate piece 21 First drive lever 22 First blade lever 22a Lever section 22b Lever section 23 Second drive hub 24 Second control ring 25 Second drive lever 26 Second blade lever 26a Lever section 26b Lever section 27 Joint 28 Joint

Claims

Guide vane adjustment device (17) for a turbomachine, namely for rotating several guide vanes (11) grouped into a guide vane ring (10) about radially extending axes of rotation of the guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), wherein each guide vane (11) has a front blade part (13) and a rear blade part (14) which are rotatable relative to each other, with a first drive hub (18) which can be coupled to a first drive motor and which can be driven by the first drive motor, and with a first control ring (19) which transmits a rotation of the first drive hub (18) to the front blade parts (13) of the guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10) to the front blade parts (13), with a second drive hub (23) which can be coupled to a second drive motor and which can be driven by the second drive motor, and with a second Steering ring (24),which transmits a rotation of the second drive hub (23) to the rear blade sections (14) independently of the rotation of the front blade sections (13) of the guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), characterized in that the first drive hub (18) is directly coupled to one of the front blade sections (13) of one of the guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), such that the front blade section (13) of this guide vane (11) of the guide vane ring (10) can be rotated directly from the first drive hub (18) without the interposition of the first control ring (19), and the first drive hub (18) is indirectly coupled to the front blade sections (13) of the other guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), such thatthat the front blade sections (13) of the other guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10) are indirectly rotatable from the first drive hub via the interposition of the first control ring (19), and / or that the second drive hub (23) is directly coupled to one of the rear blade sections (14) of one of the guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), such that the rear blade section (14) of this guide vane (11) of the guide vane ring (10) is directly rotatable from the second drive hub (23) without the interposition of the second control ring (24), and the second drive hub (23) is indirectly coupled to the rear blade sections (14) of the other guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10), such that the rear blade sections (14) of the other guide vanes (11) of the guide vane ring (10) starting from the second drive hub, they can be rotated indirectly via the interposition of the second control ring (24). Guide vane adjustment device (17) according to claim 1, wherein the first control ring (19) is coupled via a first blade lever (22) to a bearing pin (15) of the front blade part (13) of a respective other guide vane, the second control ring (24) is coupled via a second blade lever (26) to a bearing pin (16) of the rear blade part (14) of a respective other guide vane. Guide vane adjustment device (17) according to claim 2, wherein in the area of ​​each guide vane (11) one of the bearing journals (16) of the front and rear blade part (13, 14) is designed as a solid journal and the other of the bearing journals (15) of the front and rear blade part (13, 14) is designed as a hollow journal, the axes of rotation of which run coaxially in the radial direction. Guide vane adjustment device (17) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the respective first blade lever (22) and the respective second blade lever (26) each have two lever sections (22a, 22b, 26a, 26b), namely a lever section (22b, 26b) engaging the respective bearing pin (15, 16) of the respective blade part (13, 14) and a lever section (22a, 26a) engaging the respective control ring (19, 24), wherein the two lever sections (22a, 22b, 26a, 26b) of the respective blade lever (22, 26) are pivotally connected to each other. Guide vane adjustment device (17) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first drive hub (18) is coupled to the first control ring (19) via a first drive lever (21), the second drive hub (23) is coupled to the second control ring (24) via a second drive lever (25). Guide vane adjustment device (17) according to claim 5, wherein the first drive hub (18) together with the first drive lever (21) are arranged at a first circumferential position and the second drive hub (23) together with the second drive lever (25) are arranged at a second, different circumferential position of the guide vane ring (10). Guide vane adjustment device (17) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first control ring (19) is arranged on a first axial side of the guide vane ring (10) which faces the front blade parts (13) of the guide vanes, and the second control ring (24) is arranged on a second axial side of the guide vane ring (10) which faces the rear blade parts (14) of the guide vanes. Turbomachine comprising a rotor having guide vanes and a stator having guide vanes, wherein the guide vanes form at least one guide vane ring (10), and wherein at least the guide vanes of at least one guide vane ring (10) are adjustable by a guide vane adjustment device (17), wherein the guide vane adjustment device (17) is configured according to one of claims 1 to 7.

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