Battery monitoring device, battery monitoring system and battery system

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery monitoring device (18) for a battery (12) comprising at least one battery cell (14), with at least one voltage measurement input (34) for receiving a measured battery cell voltage of a battery cell (14) and one temperature measurement input (36) for receiving a measured battery cell temperature of a battery cell (14), wherein the number of voltage measurement inputs (34) and the number of temperature measurement inputs (36) correspond to the number of battery cells (14) to be monitored, with at least one current measurement input (38) for receiving a measured current value of the battery (12), with at least one further input (40, 42, 44, 46) for receiving at least one further detected battery parameter and / or detected battery influence parameter, and with an analysis circuit (48) for determining a battery state from the measured battery cell voltages.the current measurement value as well as the measured battery parameter and / or battery influence parameter, wherein the analysis circuit (48) is connected to the at least one voltage measuring device (22), the at least one temperature measuring device (24), the current measuring device (26) and the at least one sensor (26, 28, 30, 32). The invention further relates to a battery monitoring system (16) and a battery system (10) with such a battery monitoring device (18).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a battery monitoring device and a battery monitoring system for a battery, in particular a battery in a vehicle, wherein the battery has at least one, in particular a plurality of, battery cells, as well as to a battery system with a battery, in particular a battery in a vehicle, wherein the battery has at least one, in particular a plurality of, battery cells, and with a battery monitoring system.

[0002] Batteries in vehicles, especially lithium-ion batteries, must be continuously monitored. In addition to the charge level, the voltages and temperatures of the individual battery cells must be continuously monitored to detect malfunctions in a timely manner. Optionally, additional measuring devices can monitor other parameters to provide more precise information about the condition of the battery and the individual battery cells. For example, gas levels, internal battery pressure, deformation, humidity, and / or external mechanical stresses are also measured.

[0003] The object of the invention is to provide an improved battery monitoring device and an improved battery monitoring system. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a battery system that enables better monitoring.

[0004] To achieve the object, a battery monitoring device is provided for a battery, in particular for a battery in a vehicle, wherein the battery has at least one, in particular a plurality of, battery cells. The battery monitoring device has at least one voltage measuring input for receiving a battery cell voltage measured by a voltage measuring device, at least one temperature measuring input for receiving a battery cell temperature measured by a temperature measuring device, the number of voltage measuring inputs and the number of temperature measuring inputs corresponding to the number of battery cells to be monitored, and at least one current measuring input for receiving a current measurement value of the battery measured by a current measuring device.Furthermore, the battery monitoring device has at least one further input for receiving at least one further battery parameter detected by a sensor and / or at least one battery influencing parameter detected by a sensor, as well as an analysis circuit for determining a battery state from the measured battery cell voltages, the measured battery cell temperatures and the at least one measured battery parameter and / or the at least one measured battery influencing parameter, wherein the analysis circuit is connected to the voltage measuring inputs, the temperature measuring inputs, the current measuring input and the further input.

[0005] In particular, the battery cell voltage and temperature of each individual battery cell are recorded. Other battery-influencing parameters can be recorded separately for the battery cells or for the entire battery. This means that sensors for the battery-influencing parameters are provided that are not assigned to individual battery cells, but to the entire battery.

[0006] The present invention has the advantage that the entire battery or battery cells, as well as the parameters that may affect the function, aging, or service life of the battery, can be monitored with a single monitoring device. This means that only a single monitoring device is required for the entire battery. This can be designed very compactly, as only one analysis circuit and one interface to the vehicle control system are required.

[0007] The battery parameter that is additionally detected with a sensor can be an internal battery pressure that is measured with at least one internal battery pressure sensor arranged within a battery housing of the battery.

[0008] The battery parameter may also be a gas concentration measured by at least one gas sensor arranged within a battery housing of the battery.

[0009] The battery influencing parameter is, for example, air humidity, which is measured with a humidity sensor.

[0010] Sudden accelerations, shocks, and / or vibrations can also affect battery function. The battery-influencing parameter can also be the acceleration of the battery, which is determined using at least one acceleration sensor. In particular, the acceleration sensor can be designed to detect accelerations in all spatial directions and / or accelerations of varying magnitudes in order to determine the overall load on the battery, particularly over the battery's operating life.

[0011] The battery monitoring device preferably has an output for outputting the measured battery cell voltages, the measured battery cell temperatures, the measured battery current, the at least one measured battery parameter and / or the at least one measured battery influencing parameter and / or at least one state value determined when determining the battery state. An output for communication with a vehicle control system and / or vehicle electronics is preferably provided in order to output the parameters measured by the battery monitoring device or the determined state values. The interface is preferably a standardized interface, and the parameters and state values ​​are output in a predetermined format, so that the parameters and state values ​​can be easily processed in the vehicle, in particular by the vehicle control system.

[0012] For example, a communication interface is provided at the output, particularly for communication with a battery monitoring system. The interface can be wired, for example, with a standardized connector, or can use a wireless transmission standard.

[0013] The battery monitoring device can have a printed circuit board on which the analysis circuit is provided and on which the input for receiving at least one further battery parameter detected by a sensor and / or at least one battery-influencing parameter detected by a sensor and / or at least one slot, in particular a plurality of slots, for at least one sensor for detecting a further battery parameter and / or at least one sensor for detecting a battery-influencing parameter is provided. The slots and inputs enable flexible adaptation of the battery monitoring device to the required conditions, in particular to the required battery parameters and / or battery-influencing parameters. A further sensor can thus be added in a simple manner.In particular, the battery monitoring device can be provided as a type of kit, where additional sensors or functions can be easily added to the existing basic functions.

[0014] In particular, an individual input and / or slot can be provided for each sensor. This allows the input or slot to be configured individually for each sensor, for example, by means of any necessary mounting or cabling.

[0015] To achieve the object, a battery monitoring system for a battery, in particular a battery in a vehicle, is further provided, wherein the battery has at least one, in particular several, battery cells.The battery monitoring system has a battery monitoring device as described above and at least one battery cell voltage measuring device which is connected to the at least one voltage measuring input and can detect the battery cell voltage of a battery cell, at least one battery cell temperature measuring device which can detect the battery cell temperature of a battery cell, wherein the number of battery cell voltage measuring devices and the number of battery cell temperature measuring devices corresponds to the number of battery cells of a battery to be monitored, a current measuring device which is connected to the current measuring input and can detect the charging and discharging current of the battery, and at least one sensor for detecting a further battery parameter and / or at least one sensor for detecting a battery influencing parameter.

[0016] The at least one sensor can, for example, be provided in the battery monitoring system so that it can be installed together with the battery monitoring system.

[0017] The at least one sensor can be provided in a common housing with the analysis circuit, in particular on a common circuit board with the analysis circuit.

[0018] For example, the at least one sensor is an internal battery pressure sensor.

[0019] At least one sensor can also be a gas sensor.

[0020] Optionally, at least one sensor can also be a humidity sensor, in particular a humidity sensor.

[0021] At least one sensor is, for example, an acceleration sensor.

[0022] To achieve the object, a battery system is further provided, comprising a battery, in particular a battery in a vehicle, wherein the battery has at least one, in particular a plurality of, battery cells, and comprising a battery monitoring system described above, wherein each battery cell is assigned a battery cell voltage measuring device and a battery cell temperature measuring device and the at least one sensor for detecting a further battery parameter and / or the at least one sensor for detecting a battery influencing parameter is assigned to the battery and / or the battery monitoring system.

[0023] Further advantages and features can be found in the following description in conjunction with the attached drawing. This shows: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a battery system according to the invention.

[0024] In Fig. 1 shows a battery system 10 with a battery 12 having a plurality of battery cells 14. The battery is, for example, a vehicle battery for a vehicle, in particular for an electrically powered vehicle. The number and size of the battery cells 14 can be varied as desired, for example, depending on the desired capacity or voltage of the battery 12 or the installation conditions.

[0025] During operation of the vehicle, and thus of the battery 12, it is necessary to record various battery parameters in order to be able to make statements about the condition of the battery 12. Vehicle operation includes, in particular, all conditions in which the battery 12 is being charged or discharged. For example, depending on the measured parameters, it may be necessary to take additional measures or change operating conditions. For example, during a charging process, the battery 12 may heat up considerably, requiring the charging process to be adjusted to prevent the battery 12 from overheating.

[0026] Furthermore, it is necessary to record further battery influencing parameters which may, for example, influence the function, service life and / or aging of the battery 12 or the battery cells 14.

[0027] In order to record the required battery meters and battery influencing parameters, a battery monitoring system 16 is provided, comprising a battery monitoring device 18, several voltage measuring devices 20, several temperature measuring devices 22 and a current measuring device 24.

[0028] The voltage measuring devices 20 are each connected to a battery cell 14, so that they can each measure the battery cell voltages of the individual battery cells 14. Furthermore, the temperature measuring devices 22 are also each connected to a battery cell 14, so that the battery cell temperatures of the individual battery cells can be measured separately using the temperature measuring devices 22. The number of voltage measuring devices 20 and temperature measuring devices 22 thus corresponds to the number of battery cells 14 of the battery 12.

[0029] The current measuring device 24 records all current flowing out of and into the battery 12, for example, to determine the state of charge of the battery 12. The current measuring device 24 is therefore associated with the battery and not with the individual battery cells.

[0030] In addition, the battery monitoring system 16 includes at least one gas sensor 26, a humidity sensor, in particular a humidity sensor 28, an internal battery pressure sensor 30, and at least one acceleration sensor 32. The sensors 26, 28, 30, 32 are each assigned to the battery 12.

[0031] As in Fig.As can be seen in Figure 1, the battery monitoring device 18 has a voltage measuring input 34 for each voltage measuring device 20, a temperature measuring input 36 for each temperature measuring device 22, and a current measuring input 38 for the current measuring device 24. Furthermore, a further input 40, 42, 44, 46 is provided for each of the sensors 26, 28, 30, 32 for detecting a battery parameter and / or a battery-influencing parameter. The battery monitoring device 18 thus has inputs 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 42, 46 for all battery parameters and battery-influencing parameters required to assess the condition of the battery 12.

[0032] Furthermore, the battery monitoring device 18 has an analysis circuit 48. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the analysis circuit 48 is connected to the inputs 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 42, 46 via a data line 50 and an analog-to-digital converter 52 and can receive and evaluate the signals from the measuring devices 20, 22, 24 and sensors 26, 28, 30, 32 connected to the inputs 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 42, 46. The inputs 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 42, 46 can also be connected to the analysis circuit 48 in other ways. In particular, they can be located on a common circuit board and connected to one another without an additional data line.

[0033] The analysis circuit 48 has several monitoring and / or evaluation devices. In particular, the analysis circuit 48 has a Safe Operation Area (SOA) 54, which monitors whether the voltages and currents of the battery 12 or the battery cells are within defined conditions. Furthermore, a battery charge monitor 56 is provided, which monitors and controls the battery's state of charge (SOC), a battery health monitor 58, which monitors the general condition of the battery 12 and the battery cells 14 (State of Health - SOH), a temperature monitor 60, and an error monitor 62 are provided.

[0034] The integration of the monitoring and / or evaluation devices 54, 56, 58, 60, 62 has the advantage that the values ​​and measurement results of the monitoring and / or evaluation devices 54, 56, 58, 60, 62 can be easily compared and verified between the monitoring and / or evaluation devices 54, 56, 58, 60, 62. This enables a significantly more accurate and faster assessment of the overall condition of the battery 12 and the battery cells 14. In particular, error states or false error messages can be detected more quickly, enabling more reliable operation of the battery system 10.

[0035] The analysis circuit 48 can have an output 64, for example, for communication with a vehicle control system. In particular, error messages output by one of the monitoring and / or evaluation devices 54, 56, 58, 60, 62 can be output to the vehicle control system via the output 64, for example, to initiate appropriate measures to rectify the error condition and / or the causes of the error condition. The output 64 can, for example, have a communication interface, in particular a wired or wireless communication interface.

Claims

[1] Battery monitoring device (18) for a battery (12), in particular a battery (12) in a vehicle, wherein the battery (12) has at least one, in particular several, battery cells (14), - with at least one voltage measuring input (34) for receiving a battery cell voltage of a battery cell (14) measured by a voltage measuring device (20), - with at least one temperature measuring input (36) for receiving a battery cell temperature of a battery cell (14) measured by a temperature measuring device (22), wherein the number of voltage measuring inputs (34) and the number of temperature measuring inputs (36) corresponds to the number of battery cells (14) to be monitored, - with at least one current measuring input (38) for receiving a current measurement value of the battery (12) measured by a current measuring device (24), - with at least one further input (40, 42, 44, 46) for receiving at least one further battery parameter and / or battery influence parameter detected by a sensor (26, 28, 30, 32), and - with an analysis circuit (48) for determining a battery state from the measured battery cell voltages, the measured current value and the at least one measured battery parameter and / or the at least one measured battery influencing parameter, wherein the analysis circuit (48) is connected to the at least one voltage measuring device (22), the at least one temperature measuring device (24), the current measuring device (26) and the at least one sensor (26, 28, 30, 32). [2] Battery monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized by that the battery parameter is an internal battery pressure which is measured with at least one internal battery pressure sensor (30) arranged within a battery housing of the battery. [3] Battery monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized by that the battery parameter is a gas concentration which is measured with at least one gas sensor (26) arranged within a battery housing of the battery. [4] Battery monitoring device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized by that the battery influencing parameter is a humidity (28) which is measured with a humidity sensor. [5] Battery monitoring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the battery influencing parameter is an acceleration of the battery (12), which is determined with at least one acceleration sensor (32). [6] Battery monitoring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat an output (64) for outputting the measured battery cell voltages, the measured battery cell temperatures, the at least one measured battery parameter and / or the at least one measured battery influencing parameter and / or at least one state value determined when determining the battery state. [7] Battery monitoring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a communication interface is provided at the output (64), in particular for communication with a vehicle control system. [8] Battery monitoring system (16) for a battery (12), in particular a battery (12) in a vehicle, wherein the battery (12) has at least one, in particular a plurality of, battery cells (14), with a battery monitoring device (18) according to one of the preceding claims and with at least one battery cell voltage measuring device (20) which is connected to the at least one voltage measuring input (34) and can detect the battery cell voltage of a battery cell (14), and with at least one battery cell temperature measuring device (22) which is connected to the at least one temperature measuring input (36) and can detect the battery cell temperature of a battery cell (14), wherein the number of battery cell voltage measuring devices (20) and the number of battery cell temperature measuring devices (22) corresponds to the number of battery cells (14) of a battery (12) to be monitored, and with at least one current measuring device (24),which is connected to the at least one current measuring input (38) and can detect a current measurement value, as well as to at least one sensor (26, 28, 30, 32) for detecting a further battery parameter and / or at least one sensor for detecting a battery influencing parameter, wherein the at least one sensor is connected to the at least one further input (40, 42, 44, 46). [9] Battery monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized by that the at least one sensor (26, 28, 30, 32) is provided in the battery monitoring system (16). [10] Battery monitoring system according to one of claims 8 and 9, characterized by that the at least one sensor (26, 28, 30, 32) is provided in a common housing with the analysis circuit (48), in particular on a common printed circuit board with the analysis circuit (48). [11] Battery monitoring system according to one of claims 9 to 10, characterized bythat at least one sensor is an internal battery pressure sensor (30). [12] Battery monitoring system according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized by that at least one sensor is a gas sensor (26). [13] Battery monitoring system according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized by that at least one sensor is a humidity sensor, in particular an air humidity sensor (28). [14] Battery monitoring system according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized by that at least one sensor is an acceleration sensor (32). [15] Battery system (10), with a battery (12), in particular a battery (12) in a vehicle, wherein the battery (12) has at least one, in particular a plurality of, battery cells (14), and with a battery monitoring system (16) according to one of claims 9 to 15, wherein each battery cell (14) is assigned a battery cell voltage measuring device (20) and a battery cell temperature measuring device (22) and the at least one sensor (26, 28, 30, 32) for detecting a further battery parameter and / or the at least one sensor for detecting a battery influencing parameter is assigned to the battery (12) and / or the battery monitoring system (16).

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