Contour rotary head with a facing slide

Abstract

The invention relates to a contour rotary head with a facing slide for use in a machine tool having at least one working spindle. The object of the invention is to propose a technical solution for an eccentrically actuated facing rotary slide that can be integrated into the tool spindle and has an adjustment device that enables constant rake and clearance angles over the entire adjustment range.This problem is solved by the adjusting device having a housing (8) arranged centrally to the spindle axis of rotation (1) and in the housing (8) two adjusting eccentrics (9, 11) arranged so as to be rotatable into one another and to each other, wherein the outer adjusting eccentric (9) is arranged centrally to the spindle axis of rotation (1), and wherein the inner adjusting eccentric (11) is mounted in the outer adjusting eccentric (9) with an eccentricity E1, wherein the tool clamping housing (14) is mounted in the inner adjusting eccentric (11) with an eccentricity E2, wherein the tool clamping insert (4) is mounted in the tool clamping housing (14) with an eccentricity E3, and wherein the tool clamping insert (4) has at least one guide rail (17) for the translational guidance of the tool clamping housing (14).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a contour rotary head with a facing slide, wherein the facing slide has a spindle flange arranged centrally to a spindle axis of rotation for connection to a work spindle of a machine tool, and wherein the contour rotary head has a tool clamping insert arranged centrally to the spindle axis of rotation with a tool clamp housing and a tool clamp arranged centrally to a tool clamp central longitudinal axis, wherein the tool clamp central longitudinal axis is arranged parallel to the spindle axis of rotation, and wherein the tool clamp can be displaced radially to the spindle axis of rotation by actuating an adjusting device by the amount of a deflection.

[0002] For stepless adjustment of the tool holder on a machine tool, such as a lathe, facing heads with so-called facing slides, also simply called facing slides, are used. These can be connected to the machine tool via appropriate adapters. These facing slides have a translationally moving carriage that allows the tool to be moved towards the workpiece, thus changing the diameter of the cutting edge. The workpiece axis and the tool spindle axis are collinear with each other. With this adjustment mechanism, the diameter change during the feed movement of a spindle in the direction of rotation occurs during the cutting process, i.e., during the machining operation.

[0003] Various embodiments of rotary facing tools are known from the prior art. For example, EP 0 804 984 A1 describes a facing tool in which the cutting edge can be adjusted to different working diameters by means of an axially displaceable slide. In the respective position, the slide is clamped by means of a wedge surface provided on a sleeve mounted on a screw. If an adjustment of the cutting edge is required, the screw is turned back so that the slide can then be moved with another screw to adjust the cutting edge to the desired working diameter. The slide is then clamped in the new position by means of the adjusting element and the wedge surface. Since the adjustment of the cutting edge is performed mechanically, machining a workpiece with the facing tool is cumbersome and time-consuming.

[0004] DE 10 2014 019 175 B4 proposes a facing slide tool in which a clamping force generated by a clamping element acts transversely to the direction of movement of the slide, and in which the clamping element can also be clamped against the slide by means of a pressure medium. The pressure applied to the clamping element can be program-controlled, so that the cutting edge adjustment can also be carried out fully automatically during a machining process.

[0005] In practice, eccentrically actuated rotary facing slides that can be integrated into the tool spindle have become established. The advantages of eccentric adjustment lie primarily in the high positioning accuracy and low imbalance of the adjusting mechanism.

[0006] A disadvantage of all known and commercially available solutions is the change in angle of both the clearance face and the rake face at the cutting edge of the turning tool associated with the adjustment of the facing slide. This results in the clearance face and rake face, or rather the clearance angle and rake angle, not being constant across the adjustment range. This, in turn, leads to inconsistent chip formation conditions, including those related to chip flow, cutting forces, and surface finish on the workpiece.

[0007] The object of the invention is therefore to create a technical solution for an eccentrically actuated rotary face slide that can be integrated into the tool spindle and has an adjustment device that enables constant rake and clearance angles over the entire adjustment range.

[0008] This problem is solved by the adjusting device having a housing arranged centrally to the spindle axis of rotation and in the housing two adjusting eccentrics arranged in one another and relative to each other, wherein the outer adjusting eccentric is arranged centrally to the spindle axis of rotation, and wherein the inner adjusting eccentric is mounted in the outer adjusting eccentric with an eccentricity E1, wherein the tool clamping housing is mounted in the inner adjusting eccentric with an eccentricity E2, wherein the tool clamping insert is mounted in the tool clamping housing with an eccentricity E3, and wherein the tool clamping insert has at least one guide rail for the linear guidance of the tool clamping housing.

[0009] The advantages of eccentric adjustment, particularly high positioning accuracy and low imbalance of the adjusting mechanism, are complemented by the constant maintenance of the angles between the clearance face and the rake face at the cutting edge of the cutting tool, which is achievable with the proposed solution. Because the tool clamping housing with the guide rails is prevented from rotating towards the tool clamping insert, a translational movement of the tool clamping insert is achieved when the outer adjusting eccentric is turned, without any rotation of the tool itself.

[0010] Another embodiment provides that at least one actuator is arranged on at least one of the positioning eccentrics. The elements arranged in the housing of the adjustment device form a mechanical assembly that converts a rotational movement at the positioning eccentric into a highly precise translational positioning movement at the tool clamping insert. The actuator for the drive side of the positioning eccentrics is mounted collinearly to the spindle axis of rotation on the housing of the adjustment device. A motor-gearbox combination with a high gear ratio is typically used as the drive.

[0011] Another embodiment provides that the adjusting eccentrics have a front bearing and a rear bearing. The housing of the adjusting device contains two adjusting eccentrics arranged one inside the other. A rotational movement on the drive side of the adjusting eccentrics generates a translational movement of the tool clamping insert, which is mounted in a tool clamp housing secured against rotation. The adjusting eccentrics are mounted radially and axially without play at both the front and rear bearings.

[0012] An advantageous embodiment provides that the housing of the adjustment device is designed for interchangeable mounting on a tool spindle. Such a design can be either for fixed mounting, for example via flanges, or precisely fitted to a tool interface or tool holder.

[0013] A further advantageous embodiment of the contour turning head according to the invention provides that the housing of the adjusting device is designed for mounting in a hollow spindle. Such a design enables its use as a boring head for the internal machining of hollow shafts or cylindrical inner surfaces. Furthermore, the device is suitable for polygon turning of shaft and hub polygons.

[0014] An advantageous embodiment of the contour rotary head according to the invention provides that fluids can be guided through the contour rotary head up to the inserted machining tool. This can be achieved, for example, by integrating a fluid channel into the facing tool.

[0015] The planar slide tool according to the invention will now be explained with reference to the drawings. These show Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 an embodiment of the planing tool in two different positions, Fig. 3 a sectional view of the adjustment device, Fig. 4 A view of the planing tool from the rear, Fig. 5 a partial sectional view of the slide gate tool with a fluid channel and Fig. 6. A representation of the eccentricities.

[0016] In Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the facing tool according to the invention as a boring head for the internal machining of hollow shafts or cylindrical internal surfaces. When used on a machine tool (not shown), the facing tool is mounted on the machine tool with a spindle flange 5 such that the axis of rotation of the spindle flange 5 is collinear with a spindle axis of rotation 1. The facing tool has a tool clamping insert 4 arranged centrally to the spindle axis of rotation 1, with a tool clamp housing 14. Inside the tool clamp housing 14, a tool clamp 6 is arranged centrally to a tool clamping center axis 2, the tool clamping center axis 2 being parallel to the spindle axis of rotation 1. By actuating an adjustment device, the tool clamp 6 can be displaced radially along the guide to the spindle axis of rotation 1 by a deflection 3 in a deflection direction 15.

[0017] Fig. Figure 1 shows the adjustment device in a position in which the deflection 3 and thus the distance between spindle rotation axis 1 and tool clamping center longitudinal axis 2 is greater than zero (> 0). Fig. Figure 2, however, shows the adjustment device in a position in which the deflection 3 and thus the distance between spindle rotation axis 1 and tool clamping center longitudinal axis 2 is zero (= 0).

[0018] The radial displacement of the tool clamp 6 is effected by two movably mounted adjusting eccentrics 9, 11, in particular an outer adjusting eccentric 9 and an inner adjusting eccentric 11, being arranged eccentrically to each other and being mounted axially and radially without play in a front bearing 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and a rear bearing 10.1, 10.2, 10.3.

[0019] The outer adjusting eccentric is arranged concentrically to the spindle axis of rotation 1. The tool clamping housing 14 is rotatably mounted eccentrically in the inner adjusting eccentric 11, and the tool clamping insert 4 is in turn rotatably mounted in the tool clamping housing 14. These elements of the adjusting device, arranged in a housing 8, form a mechanical assembly that converts a rotational movement at the adjusting eccentric 9, 11 into a highly precise translational adjusting movement at the tool clamping insert 4.

[0020] The adjustment device is actuated by an actuator (not shown), preferably a motor-gearbox combination with a high gear ratio, which engages the drive side 12 of the positioning eccentrics 9, 11 opposite the flange side. The actuator (not shown) for the drive side 12 of the positioning eccentrics 9, 11 is mounted collinearly with the spindle axis of rotation 1 on the housing of the adjustment device 8. The actuator (not shown) effects a rotary positioning movement 13 on the positioning eccentrics 9, 11.

[0021] Fig. Figure 3 shows a sectional view of the adjusting device with the housing 8 arranged centrally to the spindle axis of rotation 1 in section A - A. Fig. 1. Within the housing 8, the outer adjusting eccentric 9, the inner adjusting eccentric 11, and the tool clamping housing 14 are arranged rotatably within one another. The tool clamping housing 14 is arranged eccentrically to the housing of the adjusting device 8 such that its central longitudinal axis 2 runs parallel to the spindle axis of rotation 1 at a distance or deflection 3.

[0022] Fig. Figure 4 shows a rear view of the facing tool, illustrating the housing of the adjusting device 8, the spindle flange 5, the tool clamping insert 4, and the tool clamp 6. The tool clamping insert 4 is guided on two opposite sides by a guide rail 17 and thus secured against rotation. When the outer adjusting eccentric 9 is rotated, a translational movement of the tool clamping insert 4 is achieved without rotation of the tool (not shown) by the amount of the deflection 3. Fig. Figure 4 shows that the tool clamping center longitudinal axis 2 is shifted parallel to the spindle rotation axis 1 by the amount of the deflection 3.

[0023] Fig. Figure 5 shows a partial sectional view of the faceplate tool with a fluid channel 18, i.e., a channel for fluid flow. A fluid (not shown), for example a coolant, is guided via the housing 8, through the spindle flange 5 and through one of the guide rails 17 into the tool clamping insert 4, where it is directed to a machining tool (not shown) in such a way that it can exit at the optimal point of action for the intended application.

[0024] Fig.Figure 6 shows a representation of the eccentricities E1, E2, and E3, the superposition of which causes the deflection 3, guided linearly by the guide rails 17, and the displacement of the tool clamping center axis 2 relative to the spindle axis of rotation 1. E1 is the eccentricity between the outer adjusting eccentric 9 and the inner adjusting eccentric 11. E2 is the eccentricity between the inner adjusting eccentric 11 and the tool clamping housing 14, and E3 is the eccentricity between the tool clamping housing 14 and the tool clamping insert 4. The change in the deflection 3, and thus the displacement of the tool clamping center axis 2 relative to the spindle axis of rotation 1, is caused by the rotation of a drive rotor (not shown) through a drive angle α. Reference symbol list 1 spindle rotary axis 2 Tool clamping center longitudinal axis 3 Deflection 4 Tool clamping insert 5 spindle flange 6 tool clamps 7.1 First front bearing Positioning eccentric 7.2 Second front bearing eccentric 7.3 Third front bearing, positioning eccentric 8 Housing; Housing of the adjustment device 9 outer position eccentric 10.1 First rear bearing position eccentric 10.2 Second rear bearing position eccentric 10.3 Third rear bearing position eccentric 11 inner position eccentric 12 Drive side adjusting eccentric 13 Positioning movement at the positioning eccentric 14 Tool clamp housings 15. Deflection direction of the tool clamp 16 Direction of movement Position eccentric 17 Guide rail 18 Fluid channel E1 Eccentricity of the inner position eccentric relative to the outer position eccentric E2 Eccentricity of the tool clamp housing to the inner adjusting eccentric E3 Eccentricity of the tool clamping insert to the tool clamping housing α Drive angle of the drive rotor QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 0 804 984 A1

[0003] DE 10 2014 019 175 B4

[0004]

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