Locking device for locking a leaf of a door, window or the like

Abstract

The present invention relates to a locking device (14) for locking a leaf (22) of a door, a window, or the like, wherein the locking device (14) comprises: a guide rail (28) and a sliding element (26) guided longitudinally displaceably in the guide rail (28); a locking element (34) preferably arranged in or on the guide rail (28) and having a locking portion, wherein the locking element (34) is selectively operable in a locking position, in which the locking element (34) blocks a movement of the sliding element (26) coupled to a closing movement of the leaf (22) past the locking element (34) and thereby locks the leaf (22) in an open position, and a release position, in which the locking element (34) releases a movement of the sliding element (26) coupled to a closing movement of the leaf (22);a holding device (33) designed to operate the locking element (34) selectively in the locked position or in the release position; a sensor device (36) designed to detect sensor information representative of a force acting on the wing (22) fixed in the open position; and an evaluation and control unit (32) designed to control the holding device (33) as a function of the sensor information such that the locking element (34) is transferred from the locked position to the release position.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a locking device for locking a leaf of a door, window, or the like. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a locking system comprising such a locking device. Finally, the present invention relates to a door system and a window system comprising such a locking device or such a locking system.

[0002] Holding devices for holding leaves are generally known. In general, holding devices serve to hold a leaf, such as a door leaf, a window sash, or the like, in an open position and, if necessary, to release it from this position again. Such holding devices can, for example, be designed as components of door closers, e.g., slide rail door closers. Known holding devices usually have a locking element for locking a movement of a sliding element slidably mounted in a guide rail of the holding device, coupled to a closing movement of a leaf. The locking element is often locked by a holding device, in particular an electrical one (e.g., an energizable electric motor or the like).When used on fire doors, the power supply is typically cut off actively in the event of a fire, and passively in the event of a power failure. The holding device releases the locking element. This allows the sliding element to pass the locking element of the holding device, and the sash is preferably automatically moved into a closed position.

[0003] Hold-open devices can also be part of a hold-open system. A hold-open system is a device for keeping fire doors, such as fire doors, smoke doors, and / or similar, open. It ensures that fire doors or smoke doors remain open, yet securely close in the event of a fire or smoke development.

[0004] A typical hold-open system includes, in particular, a fire detection element (e.g., a fire detector and / or a smoke detector and / or a temperature detector), a power supply, a holding device for holding the leaf in place, and a release mechanism for releasing the holding device, for example, in the event of a fire. A manual release button is also often provided for manually triggering the hold-open device. In the event of a fire alarm, manual release, and / or a power supply failure, the release mechanism releases the holding device and thus releases the leaf, allowing it to be moved, particularly automatically, into a closed position.

[0005] When using locking devices, in particular electric locking devices, on doors or windows or the like, the problem can arise that the locking device must, on the one hand, meet the requirement of holding the sash securely in the desired open position, but, on the other hand, must offer a user the option of releasing the sash from the locking device by directly actuating the sash, for example by pulling on the sash in the closing direction, in order to manually end the holding process.

[0006] One such possibility is offered, for example, by the hold-open device known from DE 88 05 834 U1 for a door with a sliding arm or sliding rail door closer, in which a leaf spring lever with a locking element designed as a stop cam is arranged in a slide rail. The stop cam interacts with a sliding element of the door closer's sliding arm guided in the slide rail. The stop cam has a slope that the sliding element can travel over when opening, with corresponding deflection of the leaf spring. When the door is held open, the sliding element stops against a steeper stop surface of the stop cam. To release the hold-open device, the locking element must be pushed over by manually applying force to the door leaf and thus indirectly to the sliding element.To do this, a relatively high force must be applied to the door leaf in the closing direction by hand in order to deflect the stop cam by pressing the sliding element over the steep stop surface.

[0007] This known holding device is therefore a purely mechanical solution with which a door leaf can be held at a defined opening angle without any controlled release of this hold. If the hold is to be manually cancelled or released with this known arrangement, the locking element must be overpressed by a user applying force to the door leaf, i.e. a force must be applied in the closing direction of the door leaf that is greater than the holding force acting on the locking element when it is in the locked position. The disadvantage here is that manually releasing the hold usually results in a loud, annoying noise. Furthermore, the constant engagement and disengagement of the locking element can cause wear and tear on and damage to the sliding block and the locking element.In addition, purely mechanical locking devices that can only be released by overpressure are not permitted on fire protection compartments for safety reasons.

[0008] Against this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved locking device, an improved locking system, an improved door system, and an improved window system in which the release of a sash's locking mechanism is improved. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to enable a comfortable, reliable, and low-wear release of a locking mechanism without significant noise generation.

[0009] According to a first aspect, a locking device for locking a leaf of a door, window, or the like is proposed, wherein the locking device comprises: a guide rail; a sliding element guided longitudinally displaceably in the guide rail; a locking element, preferably arranged in or on the guide rail, having a locking portion, wherein the locking element is selectively movable into a locking position, in which the locking element blocks a movement of the sliding element coupled to a closing movement of the leaf past the locking element and thereby locks the leaf in an open position, and a release position, in which the locking element releases a movement of the sliding element coupled to a closing movement of the leaf; a holding device designed to operate the locking element selectively in the locking position or in the release position;a sensor device configured to detect sensor information representative of a force acting on the wing locked in the open position; and an evaluation and control unit configured to control the holding device depending on the sensor information such that the locking element is transferred from the locked position to the released position.

[0010] According to a second aspect, a locking system is provided, wherein the locking system has a locking device according to the first aspect.

[0011] According to a third aspect, a door system with at least one revolving door is provided, wherein the door system has a locking device according to the first aspect and / or one of its embodiments or a locking system according to the second aspect.

[0012] According to a fourth aspect, a window system with at least one rotatably mounted window is proposed, wherein the window system has a locking device according to the first aspect and / or one of its embodiments or a locking system according to the second aspect.

[0013] For locking a sliding element, the locking device according to the invention has a locking element that can be locked in a locking position by a holding device. In this locking position, the locking element, in particular by means of a locking section, prevents a closing movement of the sliding element past the locking element. Since a movement of the wing is coupled to a movement of the sliding element, the wing is thereby held or locked in an open position. In other words, in its locking position, the locking element locks the sliding element, which is movement-coupled to the wing, and thus the wing in an open position, so that a closing, in particular automatic, closing of the wing is prevented. In the locking position of the locking element, the sliding element can be freely displaceable for an opening movement, whereas a closing movement past the locking element is prevented.Preferably, for locking the sliding element, for example, the locking section of the locking element can protrude into the sliding path of the sliding element, whereby a closing movement of the sliding block past the locking element is prevented.

[0014] In the release position, the locking element is released from its locked position, and the sliding element, which is coupled to the leaf for movement, can pass the locking element, in particular unhindered, and continue its movement in the closing direction. As a result, the leaf can be moved, in particular automatically, into a closed position in which the door, window, or the like is closed. In the release position of the locking element, the locking of the leaf is thus released. In the release position of the locking element, the sliding element, which is coupled to the leaf for movement, can be freely displaceable, for example, for both a closing and an opening movement.

[0015] The holding device interacts with the locking element to selectively operate the locking element in its locked or released position. The holding device is preferably electrically controllable. The holding device can operate, for example, electromechanically and / or electromagnetically and / or electrohydraulically. The holding device can, for example, comprise an electromagnet or be an electromagnet. Alternatively or additionally, the holding device can, for example, comprise an electric motor or be an electric motor.

[0016] Electrical control of the holding device enables reliable, energy-efficient and simplified operation of the holding device, particularly with regard to fire and / or smoke protection applications. The simplest way of controlling the holding device is to switch the electrical energy supplied to it on and off. For example, in the example case of electrical control of the holding device, the control can be such that when the electrical energy supply is switched on (i.e. when the holding device is energized), the blocking element is operated in its blocked position, in which a closing movement of the sliding block past the blocking element is prevented, and when the electrical energy supply is switched off (i.e. when the holding device is not energized, e.g.Actively (e.g., by switching off the power supply and / or a power failure, as can often occur in the event of a fire) the locking element is operated in its release position, in which a closing movement of the sliding block past the locking element is permitted. In this way, in addition to simple operation of the locking device, it can be ensured that the locking of the sash can be safely released in the event of malfunctions (e.g., in the event of an alarm, power failure, fire, and / or similar), whereupon the sash can close, in particular automatically.

[0017] The evaluation and control unit is preferably in signal communication with the sensor device and / or the holding device. In this way, for example, a sensor signal containing the sensor information can be received by the sensor device and / or a control signal for controlling the holding device can be output.

[0018] According to the invention, the locking element is transferred from the locked position to the release position depending on sensor-detected information or sensor information that is representative or indicative of a force acting, in particular an external force acting, on the wing locked in the open position. The sensor information can, for example, contain one or more measured values ​​of at least one measured variable that is representative of a force acting on the wing locked in the open position. In other words, the sensor device specifically detects data that indicates a force acting on the wing locked in the open position.Depending on the sensor information, the evaluation and control unit actively controls the holding device in order to release the locking of the blocking element in its locking position, whereby the sliding block can pass the blocking element, in particular automatically and / or unhindered, and continue its movement in the closing direction.

[0019] According to the invention, it was recognized that a force, in particular an external one, acting on the sash locked in the open position, for example caused by pushing or tapping the sash or pulling the sash in the direction of movement of the sash by human intervention, has a measurable influence on one or more states of the sash and / or a component coupled to the sash. For example, a force acting on the sash locked in the open position can set it in motion, in particular in the opening direction. In this case, a movement measurement, implemented e.g. by an acceleration measurement or the like, is representative of a force acting on the sash. However, a force acting on the sash is not necessarily accompanied by a movement of the sash. Alternatively or additionally, a force acting on the sash can, for example, lead to measurable deformations of the sash (e.g.of the handle of the leaf) or a component coupled to the leaf's movement. Alternatively or additionally, a force acting on the leaf can cause, for example, vibrations or oscillations of the door leaf, which are also measurable. It is understood that the aforementioned influences are merely examples. The locking device according to the invention is capable of detecting such influences using sensors, evaluating them, and specifically releasing the locking of the sliding element and thus the leaf depending on the influence(s).

[0020] Unlike conventional hold-open devices, in which the hold-open is achieved by manually "overpressing" the locking element in the closing direction or by a controlled release of the sash hold-open exclusively in the event of a fire (i.e. depending on an alarm message, for example from a fire detection element) or by manually actuating a corresponding manual release button, the solution according to the invention can, on the one hand, ensure functionally reliable, low-noise and low-wear operation and, on the other hand, achieve an extension of functions.

[0021] The use of a sensor device according to the invention, which specifically detects influences that are indicative of a force acting on the sash, represents a user-friendly, comfortable and intuitive alternative to a "manual" release of the hold-open device, which paves the way for operation of the hold-open device with low force input. This benefits increased user comfort and - since it can be assumed that with the hold-open device according to the invention, the classic over-pressing of the locking element by manual force acting on the sash is much less common - reduced material requirements. The functional extension can be seen in particular in the fact that the hold-open device according to the invention - in contrast to known hold-open devices, for examplefor fire barriers - can now detect influences caused by external forces acting on the sash and take these into account as part of the controlled release of the hold-open device. Such influences are not taken into account in conventional, electrically operated hold-open devices. This functional extension also paves the way for "intelligent" differentiation between various causes of forces acting on the held-open sash, which in turn benefits the safe and reliable operation of the door or window.

[0022] Preferably, the sash is a rotatable or pivotable door or window sash. In other words, the sash is rotatable about a rotational axis when installed. The door can be, for example, a fire or smoke protection door. Similarly, the window can be, for example, a fire or smoke protection window.

[0023] The task posed at the beginning is thus completely solved.

[0024] In one embodiment of the aspects, the sensor information is representative of a force, in particular an external force, acting on the wing fixed in the open position in the direction of movement, in particular in the opening direction or opening movement direction, of the wing.

[0025] In other words, the sensor device is designed to detect physical influences caused by a force acting on the sash in the direction of movement, i.e., in the direction of opening or closing, locked in the open position. The direction of movement of a sash refers to the direction in which a movably mounted sash moves during its intended use. In pivoting door or window sashes, the sash typically moves around a rotation axis. This clearly defines the sash's directions of movement.

[0026] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the sensor information is representative of a movement of the wing fixed in the open position in the direction of movement, in particular in the opening direction, of the wing.

[0027] In other words, the locking element is actively moved from its locked position to its released position depending on a movement of the sash locked in the open position and / or a component coupled to the sash in the direction of movement, caused by an (external) force acting on the sash. The locking device according to the invention is therefore able to release the locking of the sliding element or of the sash coupled to the sliding element in a controlled manner depending on a movement of the sash caused by a user, in particular in its opening direction. In other words, the locking device according to the invention enables a user of the door or window toBy "pulling" the sash in the closing direction or by "pushing" the sash in the opening direction, the locking device releases the locking element in its locked position, depending on the movement of the sash caused by the manual application of force, so that the sliding element can pass the locking element and continue its movement in the closing direction. This enables a simple and intuitive release of the sash by a user directly at the sash.

[0028] A particularly advantageous feature in practice is the ability of a sash locked in the open position to be released when the lock is active, depending on the opening movement. This allows a so-called "push-to-close function" to be implemented, which enables the user to release the lock with particularly low wear, ease, and intuitively. To release the lock, the user simply needs to push the sash in the opening direction. The sensor device is able to detect the opening movement of the sash and / or a component coupled to the sash when the lock is active. Depending on the detected opening movement, the evaluation and control unit can deactivate the lock by moving the locking element into the release position using the holding device.

[0029] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the evaluation and control unit is configured to check, based on the sensor information, whether or not at least one predetermined release condition, in particular for identifying a user's release command, is met, and to control the holding device such that the blocking element is transferred from the blocking position to the release position when the at least one release condition is met.

[0030] In this context, "at least one predefined release condition" refers to one or more conditions or criteria that must be met for the locking element to move from its locked position to its released position. The release condition ensures that the release of the sash is targeted, controlled, and safe. In particular, this can largely prevent an arbitrary release of the sash, caused, for example, by a draft interacting with the sash and / or other external influences.

[0031] The release condition preferably serves to identify a release command from a user of the door or window. In this case, a release command is understood to be an intentional, manual application of force by a user to the sash locked in the open position, which serves the purpose of canceling or deactivating the locking of the sliding block and / or the sash whose movement is coupled to the sliding block. By checking whether or not at least one release condition is met, in particular for identifying the release command, it is possible to differentiate between different influences on the sash locked in the open position and to release the locking of the sliding block or the sash in a targeted and safe manner. In this way, the risk of an unwanted or unintentional release of the sash locking can be reduced.

[0032] The following example should clarify this: Assume that the locking element is initially in its locked position, so that a movement of the sliding block coupled with a closing movement of the wing past the locking element is blocked and the wing is thereby fixed in an open position. Starting from the open position, the wing is now moved in the opening direction by external force. Since a movement of the wing is coupled with a movement of the sliding block, the sliding block also moves in an opening direction. The movement of the wing and / or the sliding block or the like is detected by the sensor device and compared by the evaluation and control unit with a predefined movement that is representative of an intended, manual opening of the wing by human intervention. Such a comparison represents an example of the testing according to the invention.If the comparison shows that the detected movement and the predefined movement are in a predefined relationship to each other, e.g., they sufficiently match, the evaluation and control unit determines that the release condition has been met and controls the holding device so that it moves the locking element into its release position. This allows the sliding block to pass the locking element and close the door or window. Fulfillment of the release condition, which in this example means that the movements are in a predefined relationship to each other, therefore indicates that the detected movement was caused by human intervention with the aim of removing the locking of the sash.If, however, the comparison shows that the detected movement and the predefined movement do not have a pre-definable relationship to one another, the evaluation and control unit determines that the release condition has not been met, so that operation of the locking element continues in its locked position. Failure to meet the release condition therefore indicates a movement of the sash that was not caused by human intervention and therefore the absence of a release command. For example, under certain circumstances a draft of air can set the sash, which has been locked in the open position, in its opening direction. However, movement of the sash is also conceivable, which is caused by other external influences, such as an accidental collision with the sash. However, this will generally not happen very quickly or jerkily.A movement of the wing caused by such influences therefore results, for example, in a different temporal movement pattern than a movement caused by a user.

[0033] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the evaluation and control unit is configured to compare the sensor information with predetermined reference information in order to check whether the at least one predetermined release condition is met, and to control the holding device in such a way that the blocking element is transferred from the blocking position to the release position when the sensor information and the reference information are in a predefined relationship to one another.

[0034] Such a comparison enables a reliable distinction to be made between different influences on the sash locked in the open position. The release condition is preferably met when the sensor information and the at least one predetermined reference information item have a predefined relationship to one another, i.e. they sufficiently match. The reference information can, for example, be stored or saved in a data memory of the locking device, which the evaluation and control unit can access. The reference information is preferably representative of a release command from a user of the door or window. The reference information can, for example, contain data that is characteristic of an intended manual interaction with the sash through human intervention.

[0035] For example, the evaluation and control unit can be configured to check whether the at least one predefined release condition is met or not by comparing at least one measured value of at least one measured variable of the sensor device, which is representative of an external force acting on the wing secured in the open position, with at least one predefined threshold value. The predefined threshold value is preferably indicative of a user's release command.

[0036] Alternatively or additionally, the evaluation and control unit can be configured, for example, to determine a signal curve, in particular a time-resolved one, from measured values ​​of at least one measured variable of the sensor device representing an external force acting on the sash locked in the open position, to compare the determined signal curve with a predefined signal curve and / or with predefined threshold values, and to switch the locking element to the second mode if the determined signal curve has a predefinable relationship to the predetermined signal curve and / or to the predetermined threshold values. The predetermined signal curve is preferably indicative of a user's release command.

[0037] By comparing a signal curve, particularly a time-resolved one, it is possible to differentiate even more precisely between different causes of external force acting on a sash locked in the open position. A movement of the sash caused, for example, by a draft or other external influences generally results in a different temporal movement than an intentional movement of the sash caused by a user. If the determined signal curve deviates, for example, by a predefined amount from a predetermined signal curve, which is preferably representative of a user release command, this may indicate that the influence on the sash in question was caused by human intervention and not by external influences such as a draft or other disturbances.In this exemplary case, the release condition would be fulfilled, so that the evaluation and control unit controls the holding device in such a way that the locking element is moved into the release position.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the aspects, the evaluation and control unit is configured to identify, based on the sensor information, a movement of the wing locked in the open position and / or of a component coupled to the wing in terms of movement, to compare the identified movement with a predefined movement representing an intentional manual movement of the wing locked in the open position by human intervention, and to transfer the locking element into the release position by controlling the holding device if the identified movement and the predefined movement are in a predefined relationship to one another.

[0039] In other words, the evaluation and control unit is preferably configured to check, based on the sensor information, whether a movement of the wing locked in the open position is based on intentional human intervention, and to cancel the locking of the sliding element and thus of the wing if the check shows that the movement of the wing locked in the open position is based on intentional human intervention.

[0040] In other words, the locking device according to the invention is able to differentiate between an intentional manual movement of the sash due to human intervention and a movement of the sash which is not caused by intentional human intervention (e.g. a movement caused by external influences such as a draft of air or collisions with the sash). If the movements do not have a pre-definable relationship to one another, i.e. if the movements do not sufficiently match, the operation of the locking element continues in its locked position. If the movements have a pre-definable relationship to one another, i.e. if the movements sufficiently match, the locking element is actively transferred to the second mode by means of the holding device. The evaluation and control unit thus “interprets” the sufficient match of the movements as a “user request” ora “release command” to deactivate the locking of the wing.

[0041] An advantage of this design is that the locking device can reliably distinguish between different causes for movement of the sash locked in the open position and can release the lock as needed, thus ensuring safe and user-friendly operation of the door or window.

[0042] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the sensor device comprises at least one sensor, in particular one or more sensors selected from a group of sensors comprising: an inertial sensor, a position sensor, a current sensor, a force sensor, a pressure sensor, a sound sensor, an acoustic sensor, a position sensor (gyroscope) and a magnetic field sensor.

[0043] The at least one sensor is preferably configured to detect or measure at least one physical variable representative of an external force acting on the wing locked in the open position, in particular in the direction of movement. Preferably, the at least one sensor is configured to detect or measure at least one physical variable representative of a movement of the wing caused by an external force acting on the wing locked in the open position, in particular in the direction of movement.

[0044] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the inertial sensor is configured to detect acceleration information that is representative of an acceleration of the wing and / or a component motion-coupled to the wing, wherein the sensor information comprises the acceleration information.

[0045] The acceleration information can, for example, include or be information about an acceleration of the movable wing. Alternatively or additionally, the acceleration information can, for example, include or be information about an acceleration of a component motion-coupled to the wing. An acceleration of the wing and / or of a component motion-coupled to the wing is the result of a force acting on the wing and is thus representative of a force acting on the wing. Furthermore, acceleration information can be used to identify a movement of the wing and / or a component motion-coupled to the wing.

[0046] A "component coupled to the wing" refers to one or more elements that are operatively connected to the wing, particularly mechanically, so that their movement(s) is / are representative of a movement of the wing. Examples of components coupled to the wing include, in particular, elements of a door closer (e.g., sliding arm, sliding block, etc.) and / or components of a door suspension of a swing door (e.g., hinges, door hinges, etc.) and / or components of a window suspension, for example, of a window sash (e.g., hinges, hinges, etc.).

[0047] The inertial sensor can, for example, comprise an acceleration sensor and / or a yaw rate sensor, or can be an acceleration sensor and / or a yaw rate sensor. The inertial sensor is preferably configured to measure translational and / or rotational accelerations relative to the wing and / or a component motion-coupled to the wing.

[0048] Preferably, the evaluation and control unit is configured to check, at least on the basis of the acceleration information, whether at least one predetermined release condition is met or not, and to transfer the blocking element into the release position by controlling the holding device when the at least one release condition is met.

[0049] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the position sensor is configured to detect position information that is representative of a change in position of the wing and / or of a component motion-coupled to the wing, and wherein the sensor information comprises the position information.

[0050] The position information can, for example, include or be information about a change in position of the movable wing and / or a component motion-coupled to the wing, in particular over time. A change in position of the wing and / or the component motion-coupled to the wing can, for example, be the result of a force acting on the wing and can thus be representative of a force acting on the wing.

[0051] Preferably, the evaluation and control unit is configured to check, at least on the basis of the position information, whether at least one predetermined release condition is met or not, and to transfer the blocking element into the release position by controlling the holding device when the at least one release condition is met.

[0052] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the magnetic field sensor is configured to detect magnetic field information that is representative of a magnetic field interacting with the wing and / or a component motion-coupled to the wing, wherein the sensor information comprises the magnetic field information.

[0053] For example, on the basis of the magnetic field information, a change in the magnetic field caused by a movement of the sash and / or a component coupled to the sash in the direction of movement, in particular in the opening direction, can be detected. To generate the magnetic field, for example, at least one magnet can be placed on the sash and / or on a door or window frame. When the sash moves, the position of the at least one magnet changes relative to the magnetic field sensor. By analyzing the change(s) in the magnetic field, conclusions can be drawn about a movement of the sash in the direction of movement, in particular in the opening direction, caused by a corresponding force acting on the sash. It is understood that the magnetic field sensor can alternatively or additionally be assigned to a door or window closer, for example.to detect a movement of a component coupled to the wing (e.g. a sliding block, a sliding arm or sliding lever, and / or the like).

[0054] The magnetic field sensor is preferably a Hall sensor. A Hall sensor uses the Hall effect to measure magnetic fields. Hall sensors are particularly suitable for position measurement, so that a change in the measured values ​​recorded by the Hall sensor allows conclusions to be drawn, for example, about the acceleration or speed of the wing and / or a component motion-coupled to the wing.

[0055] Preferably, the evaluation and control unit is configured to check, at least on the basis of the magnetic field information, whether at least one predetermined release condition is met or not, and to transfer the blocking element into the release position by controlling the holding device when the at least one release condition is met.

[0056] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the force sensor is configured to detect force information that is representative of a force exerted on the wing and / or on a component motion-coupled to the wing, wherein the sensor information comprises the force information.

[0057] The force sensor can be, for example, a strain gauge, a load cell, a piezoelectric sensor, a pressure sensor and / or the like. The force sensor can, for example, be assigned to the sash. In particular, the force sensor can be attached to a surface of the sash in order to "directly" or immediately detect a force exerted on the sash (e.g. caused by a user pushing the sash). Alternatively or additionally, the force sensor can, for example, be assigned to a component whose movement is coupled to the sash (e.g., a guide rail of a door or window closer, a door or window suspension, etc.). Force detection in the area of ​​the locking device, e.g., between the sliding element and the locking element, has proven particularly advantageous. In the exemplary case of hydraulic actuation of the locking element, the pressure sensor can, for example, be assigned to the hydraulics.

[0058] Preferably, the evaluation and control unit is configured to check, at least on the basis of the force information, whether at least one predetermined release condition is met or not, and to move the blocking element into the release position by controlling the holding device when the at least one release condition is met.

[0059] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the sound sensor is configured to detect sound information that is representative of a mechanical force acting on a surface of the wing, in particular caused by tapping or touching, wherein the sensor information comprises the sound information.

[0060] One advantage of this design is that a user can initiate release without noticeable movement of the sash - and therefore with little effort. For example, the sash, which is locked in the open position, can be released by a user simply tapping or knocking on a surface of the sash. The tapping or knocking represents a force being exerted on the sash. The sound sensor can detect a sound signal generated by the tapping or knocking. It is also conceivable, for example, to emit a signal tone (vibration) that is inaudible to humans and to continuously monitor this using the sound sensor. If the mass of the sash changes due to a user touching it, this is reflected in a change in the detected signal tone.

[0061] In this case, the sound sensor can also be referred to as an acoustic sensor. The sound sensor can, for example, include or be a microphone.

[0062] Preferably, the evaluation and control unit is configured to check, at least on the basis of the sound information, whether at least one predetermined release condition is fulfilled or not, and to transfer the blocking element into the release position by controlling the holding device when the at least one release condition is fulfilled.

[0063] The evaluation and control unit can, for example, be configured to check the sound signal for at least one predeterminable characteristic. For example, based on the sound signal, it can be checked whether a knock pattern detected by a sensor sufficiently matches a predefinable release pattern. If there is sufficient agreement, the evaluation and control unit can initiate the release of the wing.

[0064] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the holding device has an energizable electromagnet with a magnetic coil and an armature plate movable relative to the magnetic coil, wherein the armature plate is motionally coupled to the blocking element, wherein the electromagnet is designed to move the armature plate in its energized state into an active position in which the armature plate locks the blocking element in its blocking position, wherein the current sensor is designed to detect current information which is representative of a movement of the armature plate relative to the magnetic coil when the electromagnet is energized from the active position, in particular caused by a manual application of force to the locked wing and thus indirectly to the sliding element, and wherein the sensor information comprises the current information.

[0065] Since the locking element is motion-coupled to the armature plate, movement of the armature plate results in movement of the locking element, and vice versa. Accordingly, monitoring the supplied coil current allows conclusions to be drawn about a "user request" or "user command" to release the locking of the leaf.

[0066] When energized, the electromagnet preferably attracts the armature plate, so that the armature plate strikes or rests against the electromagnet. In other words, in the active position, the armature plate rests against the solenoid coil, thereby locking the blocking element in its blocking position. In this case, the current information is preferably representative of the release of the armature plate from the solenoid coil when the electromagnet is energized from the active position.

[0067] Due to the movement coupling between the armature plate and the locking element, a force exerted by the sliding element on the locking element sets the armature plate in motion relative to the solenoid coil, causing the armature plate to lift off the solenoid coil. The lifting of the armature plate off the solenoid coil can also be referred to as “armature break”. The armature break can be brought about, for example, by a movement of the locked sliding element or the locked wing in the closing direction. Alternatively or additionally, the armature break can be caused, for example, by a movement of the locked sliding element or the locked wing in the opening direction. By applying an external force to the locked wing in the opening direction, the load is removed from the locking element by deflecting the sliding element (in the opening direction), while the armature plate remains unchanged in the active position (armature plate rests against the solenoid coil).If the sliding element subsequently returns to its original position, particularly automatically (e.g., due to the closing spring force), this leads to a slight "bounce" of the sliding element against the locking element. As a result, the armature plate briefly lifts off the solenoid coil, causing a change in inductance, which in turn is reflected in a change in current. Accordingly, the armature break detection allows conclusions to be drawn about a "user command" to release the locking of the leaf. In other words, by evaluating the current information, conclusions can be drawn about an armature break and thus about a movement of the leaf.

[0068] The armature plate can, for example, be arranged on an armature rod that is slidably mounted in a coil opening of the solenoid coil. The armature rod can, for example, engage in the coil opening and / or extend through the coil opening.

[0069] Preferably, the evaluation and control unit is configured to check, at least on the basis of the current information, whether at least one predetermined release condition is fulfilled or not, and to transfer the blocking element into the release position by controlling the holding device when the at least one release condition is fulfilled.

[0070] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the locking device further comprises a detection device for detecting whether the wing is inside or outside the open position, wherein the locking element is operated in its release position when the wing is outside the open position.

[0071] In other words, the locking element is operated in its release position as long as the leaf or sliding element is not within the open position. For example, if the leaf or sliding block is in a closed or partially open position, there is no need to operate the locking element in its locked position, since the leaf or sliding element does not require locking outside of the open position. Preferably, the locking element is only operated in its locked position when the leaf or sliding element enters the locking range.

[0072] In this way, it can be ensured that the locking element only assumes the locking position after the sliding block has passed the locking element during an opening movement of the sliding block.

[0073] In this way, energy-efficient, resource-saving and quiet operation of the locking device can be implemented. If it is detected that the sliding element and / or the wing is outside the open position, the locking element is preferably deactivated by switching off the power supply to the holding device, i.e. it is operated in the release position. If, on the other hand, it is detected that the sliding element and / or the wing is within the open position, the locking element is preferably activated by switching on the power supply to the holding device, so that the locking element is operated in the locked position. Since, as a result of the operation of the locking element according to the invention, the sliding element, coming from the direction of the closed position, does not pass over any or only a small "obstacle" when passing over the locking element, resource-saving and quiet operation of the locking device can also be achieved.This is particularly the case if the locking element is designed such that the locking section projects into the sliding path of the sliding element in the locking position of the locking element in order to block a closing movement of the sliding element past the locking element, and does not project into the sliding path of the sliding element in the release position of the locking element in order to release a closing movement of the sliding element past the locking element.

[0074] The detection device is preferably in signal communication with the evaluation and control unit. The detection device can, for example, comprise a position sensor for detecting the position of the wing and / or a component motion-coupled to the wing, or can be such a position sensor. However, the detection device is not limited to position sensors.

[0075] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the guide rail is or can be mounted on a door or window frame in a movement-resistant manner, and a sliding arm connected or connectable to the sliding element can be rotatably mounted on the sash. Alternatively, it can be provided that the guide rail is or can be mounted on the sash in a movement-resistant manner, and the sliding arm can be rotatably mounted on the door or window frame.

[0076] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the locking section of the locking element projects into a sliding path of the sliding element in the locking position in order to block a movement of the sliding element coupled with a closing movement of the wing past the locking element, and / or the locking section of the locking element does not project into the sliding path of the sliding element in the release position of the locking element in order to release a movement of the sliding element coupled with a closing movement of the wing past the locking element.

[0077] If the locking element is in the release position, in which the locking section preferably does not protrude into the sliding path of the sliding element, the sliding block can be freely moved in the guide rail, particularly for an opening movement as well as a closing movement. However, if the locking element is in the locked position, in which the locking section preferably protrudes into the sliding path of the sliding element, a closing movement of the sliding element past the locking section of the locking element is blocked.

[0078] When the sash is (manually) opened from a closed position, the sliding element passes the locking element. If the sash is subsequently released, the sliding element then comes into stop against the locking section of the locking element, which preferably projects into the sliding path of the sliding element. If the holding device is supplied with energy (e.g. is energized), the sliding element is held in the open position in the stop position. In the stop position, the locking element exerts a holding force on the sliding element. The sash is locked in the open position. A closing movement of the sliding element past the locking element is blocked. The closing movement of the sliding element and thus of the sash can only be continued when the evaluation and control unit, depending on the sensor information, causes the holding device to move the locking element into its release position.It is understood that preferably there is still the possibility of deactivating the locking of the wing in the event of a fire alarm and / or a manual release by pressing a corresponding manual release button and / or in the event of a power supply failure.

[0079] In a further embodiment of the aspects, the locking device is designed as a slide rail door closer, in particular as an overhead slide rail door closer, or as a slide rail window closer, in particular as an overhead slide rail window closer.

[0080] It is understood that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0081] Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of an exemplary application of a locking device, Fig. 2 a schematic block diagram for explaining a locking device according to the invention, and Fig. 3A-3D a schematic representation of an embodiment of the locking device according to the invention in operation.

[0082] In Fig. Figure 1 shows a section of a building with a corridor divided into two areas by a wall W, for example, a fire protection wall W. An opening is provided in the wall W, in which a door 12, in particular a fire or smoke protection door 12, is provided to separate the two areas from each other. In the illustration shown, the door 12 is depicted as a revolving door.

[0083] For example, in order to close a leaf 22 of the door 12 in the event of a fire, a hold-open system 10 is provided. Such a hold-open system 10 comprises, for example, a hold-open device 14, a door closer 16, in this case designed as an overhead sliding arm door closer or slide rail door closer, fire detection elements 18, here in the form of ceiling-mounted fire detectors, and manual release buttons 20. The fire detection elements 18 are provided, for example, in both areas to the left and right of the wall W. The door closer 16 preferably ensures secure closing from an open position of the leaf 22 to a closed position of the leaf 22.

[0084] The leaf 22 is coupled, for example, via a sliding arm 24, which can also be referred to as a closer lever, to a sliding element 26, e.g. a sliding block, of the locking device 14. The sliding element 26 is received so as to be longitudinally displaceable in a guide rail 28 of the locking device 14. The guide rail 28, which can also be referred to as a sliding rail, is mounted in a movement-resistant manner on a door frame 30 of the door 12 in the illustration shown. The sliding arm 24 is accordingly connected at one longitudinal end to the sliding element 26 and at its other longitudinal end to the leaf 22 via the door closer 16, in particular is rotatably mounted on the leaf 22. The sliding element 26 is connected to the sliding arm 24 so as to be freely rotatable.Alternatively, it can be provided that the guide rail 28 is mounted on the leaf 22 in a movement-proof manner and the sliding arm 24 is coupled to the door frame 30, the casing or the wall W via the door closer 16, in particular is rotatably mounted on the door frame 30. Although the . Fig. 1 refers to a door system, the present invention is not limited to door systems.

[0085] The locking device 14 now ensures that the wing 22 is securely but releasably locked in the position shown in the example in Fig. 1. In this case, the force of the door closer 16 is therefore not sufficient to close the leaf 22.

[0086] In the event of a fire, the locking device 14 reacts, for example, in such a way that the locking force for holding the leaf 22 in the open position, in particular by interrupting a power supply, is reduced to such an extent, in particular is completely eliminated, that the closing force of the door closer 16 is sufficient to be able to move the leaf 22 into the closed position.

[0087] To manually release the locking of the leaf 22, a user of the door 12 can, for example, press the manual release button 20. Alternatively or additionally, the locking can be overcome by pulling on the leaf 22 in the closing direction S of the pivotally mounted leaf 22.

[0088] Although in the Fig. 1, the locking device 14 is shown in connection with the locking system 10, it should be noted at this point that the provision of the locking system 10 is to be understood as optional.

[0089] In Fig. Figure 2 illustrates the functional structure of the locking device 14 according to the invention. Identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals and will not be explained in detail. The locking device 14 comprises an evaluation and control unit 32, a holding device 33, a locking element 34 with a locking section (not shown), and a sensor device 36. Furthermore, the locking device 14 comprises the guide rail 28 and the sliding element 26, which is guided longitudinally displaceably in the guide rail 28 and can preferably be coupled to the wing 22 via the sliding arm 24.The locking element 34 is selectively operable in a locking position, in which the locking element 34 blocks a movement of the sliding element 26 coupled with a closing movement of the wing 22 past the locking element 34 and thereby fixes the wing 22 in an open position, and a release position, in which the locking element 34 releases a movement of the sliding element 26 coupled with a closing movement of the wing 22.

[0090] The sensor device 36 is configured to detect sensor information that is representative of a force acting on the wing 22 locked in the open position. Preferably, the sensor device 36 is configured to detect sensor information that is representative of a movement of the wing 22 locked in the open position. The sensor device 36 can, for example, have at least one sensor selected from a group of sensors comprising: an inertial sensor, a position sensor, a current sensor, a force sensor, a pressure sensor, a sound sensor, an acoustic sensor, a magnetic field sensor, in particular a Hall sensor or the like. However, other sensors are also conceivable that are configured to detect or measure at least one physical variable that is representative of an external force acting on the wing locked in the open position.

[0091] The evaluation and control unit 32 is configured to control the holding device 33 depending on the sensor information such that the blocking element 34 is transferred from the blocking position to the release position.

[0092] Optionally, the locking device 14 can have a detection device 37 which is designed or configured to detect whether the wing 22 is inside or outside the open position.

[0093] From the Fig. 2 shows that the evaluation and control unit 32 controls the holding device 33 in order to operate the locking element 34 selectively in the locked position or in the released position. The simplest way of controlling the holding device 33 is to switch the energy supplied to it on and off. For example, it can be provided that the holding device 33 is energized to lock the locking element 34 in its locked position. By ending the energization of the holding device 33, in particular by actively switching off the power supply, the locking of the locking element 34 can be ended and a closing movement, in particular an automatic one, of the sliding element 26, which is motion-coupled to the wing 22, past the locking element 34 can be continued.It is understood that, in the release position of the locking element 34, the locking portion of the locking element 34 does not necessarily have to be "actively" moved out of a sliding path of the sliding element 25 in order to release the closing movement of the sliding element 25. For example, it may be sufficient to simply reduce the holding force of the locking element 34, e.g., to a value of zero, so that the sliding element 25 can simply push the locking portion of the locking element 34 away.

[0094] In the Fig. Figures 3A-3D show a schematic representation of an embodiment of the locking device 14 according to the invention in operation. Identical elements are identified by identical reference numerals and will not be explained in detail.

[0095] In the Fig. In the open position of the wing 22 shown in Figure 3A, the locking element 34 is in its locking position, in which a movement of the sliding element 25 coupled with a closing movement of the wing 22 is blocked by the locking section. Since a movement of the wing 22 is coupled with a movement of the sliding element 25, the wing 22 is thereby held in an open position. If now, starting from the position shown in Fig. 3A, an external force K is exerted on the locked wing 22, e.g. in the opening direction O, for example caused by a user pushing the wing 22, this external force can manifest itself, for example, in the form of a movement of the sliding element 26 in the guide rail 28 and / or the rotatably mounted wing 22 in the opening direction O. This opening movement is determined by the Fig. 3B, in which the wing 22 is positioned relative to the Fig. 3A shown position is further swung open.

[0096] The locking device 14 according to the invention is capable of sensing the opening movement of the wing 22 caused by the external force (i.e., by means of the sensor device 36) and of transferring the locking element 34 from the locking position to the release position by controlling the holding device 33. By transferring the locking element 34 to its release position, the locking of the sliding element 26 (and thus of the wing 22) is released, and the sliding element 26 can pass the locking element 34 (see Fig. 3C) and continue its movement in the closing direction until it reaches the Fig. The closed position shown in 3D as an example is reached.

[0097] The controlled release of the locking mechanism of the sash 22 according to the invention ensures reliable, quiet, and low-wear operation. Furthermore, the locking device 14 according to the invention provides a user-friendly, convenient, and intuitive alternative to manual release of the locking mechanism. List of reference symbols: 10 Holding system 14 Locking device 18 Fire detection element 22 manual release buttons 26 Sliding element 30 door frames 33 Holding device 36 Sensor device 12 Door 16 door closers 20 wings 24 sliding arm 28 Guide rail 32 Evaluation and control unit 34 locking element QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 88 05 834 U1

[0006]

Claims

[1] Locking device (14) for locking a leaf (22) of a door, a window or the like, the locking device (14) comprising: - a guide rail (28) and a sliding element (26) guided longitudinally displaceably in the guide rail (28); - a locking element (34) preferably arranged in or on the guide rail (28) with a locking section (35), wherein the locking element (34) is selectively operable in a locking position in which the locking element (34) blocks a movement of the sliding element (26) coupled to a closing movement of the wing (22) past the locking element (34) and thereby fixes the wing (22) in an open position, and a release position in which the locking element (34) releases a movement of the sliding element (26) coupled to a closing movement of the wing (22); - a holding device (33) which is designed to operate the locking element (34) selectively in the locking position or in the release position; - a sensor device (36) which is designed to detect sensor information which is representative of a force acting on the wing (22) fixed in the open position, in particular in the opening direction; and - an evaluation and control unit (32) which is designed to control the holding device (33) as a function of the sensor information in such a way that the blocking element (34) is transferred from the blocking position into the release position. [2] Locking device (14) according to claim 1, wherein the sensor information is representative of a movement of the wing (22) locked in the open position in the direction of movement, in particular in the opening direction, of the wing (22). [3] Locking device (14) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the evaluation and control unit (32) is configured to check on the basis of the sensor information whether at least one predetermined release condition, in particular for identifying a release command of a user, is fulfilled or not, and to control the holding device (33) such that the blocking element (34) is transferred from the blocking position into the release position when the at least one release condition is fulfilled. [4] Locking device (14) according to claim 3, wherein the evaluation and control unit (32) is configured to compare the sensor information with a predetermined reference information in order to check whether the at least one predetermined release condition is met, and to control the holding device (33) in such a way that the blocking element (34) is transferred from the blocking position into the release position when the sensor information and the reference information are in a predefinable relationship to one another. [5] Locking device (14) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor device (36) comprises at least one sensor selected from a group of sensors comprising: an inertial sensor, a position sensor, a current sensor, a force sensor, a pressure sensor, a sound sensor, an acoustic sensor, a magnetic field sensor, in particular a Hall sensor. [6] The locking device (14) according to claim 5, wherein the inertial sensor is configured to detect acceleration information that is representative of an acceleration of the wing (22) and / or a component motion-coupled to the wing (22), and wherein the sensor information comprises the acceleration information. [7] Locking device (14) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the position sensor is configured to detect position information that is representative of a change in position of the wing (22) and / or of a component coupled in motion to the wing (22), and wherein the sensor information comprises the position information. [8] Locking device (14) according to one of claims 5-7, wherein the magnetic field sensor is configured to detect magnetic field information that is representative of a magnetic field interacting with the wing (22) and / or a component motion-coupled to the wing (22), and wherein the sensor information comprises the magnetic field information, in particular wherein the magnetic field sensor is a Hall sensor. [9] Locking device (14) according to one of claims 5-8, wherein the force sensor is configured to detect force information that is representative of a force exerted on the wing (22) and / or on a component motion-coupled to the wing, and wherein the sensor information comprises the force information. [10] Locking device (14) according to one of claims 5-9, wherein the sound sensor is configured to detect sound information which is representative of a mechanical force acting on a surface of the wing, in particular caused by tapping or touching, and wherein the sensor information comprises the sound information. [11] Locking device (14) according to one of claims 5-10, wherein the holding device (33) has an energizable electromagnet with a magnetic coil and an armature plate movable relative to the magnetic coil, wherein the armature plate is motionally coupled to the blocking element, wherein the electromagnet is designed to move the armature plate in its energized state into an active position in which the armature plate locks the blocking element in its blocking position, wherein the current sensor is designed to detect current information which is representative of a movement of the armature plate relative to the magnetic coil when the electromagnet is energized from the active position, in particular caused by a manual force acting on the locked wing and thus indirectly on the sliding element, and wherein the sensor information comprises the current information. [12] Locking device (14) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a detection device (37) for detecting whether the wing (22) is inside or outside the open position, wherein the locking element (34) is operated in its release position when the wing is outside the open position. [13] Locking system (10) with a locking device (14) according to one of claims 1 to 12. [14] Door system with at least one revolving door, wherein the door system has a locking device (14) according to one of claims 1 to 12 or a locking system (10) according to claim 13. [15] Window system with at least one rotatably mounted window, wherein the window system has a locking device (14) according to one of claims 1 to 12 or a locking system (10) according to claim 13.

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