Systems and methods for dynamically dimming a set of display devices sharing a single power source

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source. Image data is received from an external camera of a vehicle. Based on the image data, a light intensity level of an external light source in the image data is determined. Based on the image data, a light angle of the external light source with respect to the vehicle is determined. Based on the light intensity and the illumination angle, a desired brightness value is generated. When a first display of a plurality of displays of the vehicle is within the line of sight of a driver's gaze, a command is issued to set a brightness level of the first display to the desired brightness level and to dim the other displays to a dimmed brightness level. The desired brightness level is greater than the dimmed brightness level.

Description

The technical field relates generally to vehicles and, more particularly, to systems and methods for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source.When driving under poor lighting conditions, the eyes of a vehicle driver must constantly adapt to the changing lighting conditions, which leads to an overextension of the eyes. Factors that may contribute to the overextension of the eyes include, but are not limited to, sun position, headlights of oncoming vehicles, bright advertising signs, street lights, and brightness of the displays in the vehicle. Interior displays may represent a competing source of blue light that may divert the driver and impair its ability to concentrate on the road. The displays can be set up with different resolutions and / or refresh rates. Moreover, maintaining a constant, increased brightness of all displays in the vehicle may increase energy consumption of electric vehicle batteries.DE 10 2021 111 212 A1 describes a method for controlling a display on board a vehicle. The method comprises the steps of: providing a view of an area lying laterally behind the vehicle; determining a viewing direction of a person on board the vehicle with respect to the display; and presenting the view on a display on board the vehicle as a function of the viewing direction.DE 10 2011 076 673 A1 describes a device for displaying information in a vehicle. It comprises a central display for displaying multimedia data and an electronic unit for controlling the central display and for supplying power to the central display. A further display device is provided, with which display tasks of a combination instrument are realized. In this case, it is provided that the central display and the further display device share circuit modules of the electronic unit. In addition, the device comprises a carrier to which the electronic unit, the central display and the further display unit are fastened, wherein the carrier is provided for attachment to an instrument panel.DE 102 56 644 A1 describes a method for detecting the azimuth angle, the surface angle, the light intensity and / or the brightness of the light source, in particular of the sun, by means of an optical system, wherein the optical system comprises an image processing system having a means for image recording and a means for processing the image signal supplied by the recording means, and the method comprises the following steps: a) an image of an object and / or a shadow of the object is detected by means of the recording means and converted into the image signal, b) the image signal is evaluated by means of the processing means and the azimuth angle, the surface angle, the light intensity and / or the brightness of the light source is determined.Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to provide systems and methods for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source in a vehicle. Dynamically adjusting the rendering pipeline to dynamically adjust the target resolution of the graphics processing unit (GPU), the update rate, and the application of evolved rendering when available may result in energy saving for the battery of an electric vehicle (EV).The object is achieved by the subject matters of the independent claims.Other desirable features and characteristics will become apparent from the following detailed description and the appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the foregoing technical field and background.According to the invention, a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source includes at least one processor and at least one memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor. The at least one memory includes instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: receive image data from at least one external camera of a vehicle; and upon a determination that the image data includes an external light source, determine a light intensity level of the external light source based on the image data; determine a light angle of the external light source with respect to the vehicle based on the image data; generate a desired brightness level based on the light intensity level and the light angle; receive driver gaze data from a gaze tracking system of the vehicle; determine a driver gaze direction based on the driver gaze data; determine whether a first display of a plurality of displays of the vehicle is in a line of sight of the gaze of the driver; outputting a first command to set a brightness level of the first display to the desired brightness level and dim the other displays of the plurality of displays to a dimmed brightness level, wherein the desired brightness level is greater than the dimmed brightness level. The at least one memory further includes instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: receive ambient light data from at least one ambient light sensor of the vehicle; determine whether the ambient light data is greater than a first ambient light threshold; upon a determination that the ambient light data is greater than the first ambient light threshold, issue a second command to adjust a hue of the first display to a day mode tone; and upon a determination that the ambient light data is less than the first ambient light threshold, issue the second command to adjust the hue of the first display to a night mode tone.In at least one embodiment, plurality of displays are connected to a standard brightness level; desired brightness level is greater than standard brightness level; and dimmed brightness level is less than standard brightness level.In at least one embodiment, at least one memory further includes instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause at least one processor to: determine whether ambient light data is below a second ambient light threshold, wherein second ambient light threshold is less than first ambient light threshold; and issue second instruction to adjust hue of first display to a shifted night mode tone based on determination.In at least one embodiment, at least one memory further includes instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause at least one processor to: receive a vision profile of driver; and change hue of day mode and / or hue of night mode based on vision profile of driver.In at least one embodiment, at least one memory further includes instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause at least one processor to: upon a determination that none of plurality of indicators is in line of sight of a driver's gaze direction, issue a third instruction to adjust a brightness level of each of plurality of indicators to the dimmed brightness level.In at least one embodiment, at least one memory further includes instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause at least one processor to issue a fourth instruction to set a brightness level of each of plurality of displays to standard brightness level upon a determination that a gaze direction of driver cannot be determined based on gaze data.In at least one embodiment, at least one memory further includes instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause at least one processor to: determine whether vehicle is on; and based on the determination, activate operation of system for dynamically dimming a set of indicators sharing a single power source.In at least one embodiment, at least one memory further includes instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause at least one processor to: receive a state of charge (SOC) value of a battery system of vehicle; determine whether SOC value is below an SOC threshold; and activate operation of system to dynamically dim set of indicators sharing single power source based on the determination.In at least one embodiment, at least one memory further includes instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause at least one processor to identify a light source type of external light source based on light intensity level and angle of light and generate desired brightness level based on light source type of external light source.In at least one embodiment, light source is sun, headlights of a vehicle, a street lamp, or an advertising board.A method of dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source according to the invention further comprises: receiving image data from at least one external camera of a vehicle; and upon a determination that the image data includes an external light source: determining a light intensity level of the external light source based on the ambient light data; determining a light angle of the external light source with respect to the vehicle based on the image data; generating a desired brightness level based on the light intensity level and the light angle; receiving driver gaze data from a gaze tracking system of the vehicle; determining a driver gaze direction based on the driver gaze data; determining whether a first display of a plurality of displays of the vehicle is in a line of sight of the gaze direction of the driver; outputting a first command to set a brightness level of the first display to the desired brightness level and dim the other displays of the plurality of displays to a dimmed brightness level, wherein the desired brightness level is greater than the dimmed brightness level. The method further comprises: receiving ambient light data from at least one ambient light sensor of the vehicle; determining whether the ambient light data is greater than a first ambient light threshold; upon a determination that the ambient light data is greater than the first ambient light threshold, outputting a second command to set a hue of the first display to a day mode tone; and upon a determination that the ambient light data is less than the first ambient light threshold, outputting the second command to set the hue of the first display to a night mode tone.In at least one embodiment, plurality of displays are connected to a standard brightness level; desired brightness level is greater than standard brightness level; and dimmed brightness level is less than standard brightness level.In at least one embodiment, method further comprises: determining whether ambient light data is less than a second ambient light threshold, wherein second ambient light threshold is less than first ambient light threshold; and issuing second command to adjust hue of first display to a shifted night mode tone based on determination.In at least one embodiment, the method further comprises: upon determining that none of the plurality of indicators is in line of sight of a driver's gaze direction, issuing a third command to adjust a brightness level of each of the plurality of indicators to the dimmed brightness level.In at least one embodiment, the method further comprises: upon determining that the gaze direction of the driver cannot be determined based on gaze data, issuing a fourth command to set a brightness level of each of the plurality of displays to the default brightness level.In at least one embodiment, method further comprises: identifying a light source type of external light source based on light intensity level and angle of light; and generating desired brightness level based on light source type of external light source.In at least one embodiment, method further comprises: determining a gaze of driver; determining a gaze zone, wherein gaze zone is one of a front zone, a left zone, a right zone, and an undefined zone, wherein front zone is associated with road attention; and determining whether gaze is directed toward a road based on determined gaze zone; upon a determination that gaze is directed toward road: updating an energy mode zone; updating road attention information; and determining whether a passenger is detected; upon a determination that the passenger is detected: updating energy mode zone; updating passenger cabin attention information and an interface to act as a wake-up event; placing passenger indicators in a normal operating mode; Placing passenger door switches in a regular summary rate; and terminating passenger side modules from pseudo-sleep; and upon a determination that the passenger is not detected: the passenger indicators are able to change performance modes, decrease the update rate, and decrease resolution; change the pooling rate of the passenger door switches; decrease a network bandwidth of the modules on the passenger side; and place the modules on the passenger side in pseudo-sleep; and upon a determination that the gaze is not directed to the road: update the performance mode zone; and update the interior attention information; place the passenger indicators in the normal operation mode; place the passenger door switches in the regular pooling rate; and to leave the modules on the passenger side from the pseudo-sleep.In one application, a vehicle having a system according to the invention for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source includes at least one external camera; at least one processor communicatively connected to the at least one external camera; and at least one memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor. The at least one memory includes instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: receive image data from the at least one external camera; and upon a determination that the image data includes an external light source, determine a light intensity level of the external light source based on the image data; determine a light angle of the external light source with respect to the vehicle based on the image data; generate a desired brightness level based on the light intensity level and the light angle; receive driver gaze data from a gaze tracking system of the vehicle; determine a driver gaze direction based on the driver gaze data; determine whether a first display of a plurality of displays of the vehicle is in a line of sight of the gaze direction of the driver; outputting a first command to set a brightness level of the first display to the desired brightness level and dim the other displays of the plurality of displays to a dimmed brightness level, wherein the desired brightness level is greater than the dimmed brightness level.The exemplary embodiments are described below in connection with the following figures, wherein like numerals designate like elements: FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a vehicle including a system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source, in accordance with at least one embodiment; FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source, in accordance with at least one embodiment; FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustration of an example method for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source, in accordance with at least one embodiment; FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an example implementation of a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source in bright daylight, wherein none of a plurality of displays of a vehicle are in the line of sight of a driver's direction of gaze, according to at least one embodiment; FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an example implementation of a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source in the dimming, wherein none of a plurality of displays of a vehicle are in the line of sight of a driver's direction of gaze, according to at least one embodiment; FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of an example implementation of a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source in twilight with one of the plurality of displays of a vehicle looking at a driver, in accordance with at least one embodiment; FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of an example implementation of a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source in a protected dark sky region, wherein none of a plurality of displays of a vehicle are in the line of sight of a gaze direction of the driver, according to at least one embodiment; and FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustration of another example method for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source, according to at least one embodiment.Embodiments of the present disclosure may be described herein in terms of functional and / or logical block components and various processing steps. Such block components may be implemented by any number of hardware, software, and / or firmware components configured to perform the specified functions. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure may employ various integrated circuit components, e.g., memory elements, digital signal processing elements, logic elements, look-up tables, or the like, which may perform a variety of functions under the control of one or more microprocessors or other devices. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in connection with any number of systems and that the systems described herein are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.For brevity, conventional techniques related to signal processing, data transmission, signaling, control, and other functional aspects of the systems (and the individual configured components of the systems) will not be described in detail herein. Moreover, the connection lines depicted in the various figures are intended to represent example functional relationships and / or physical couplings between the various elements. It should be appreciated that in an embodiment of the present disclosure, there may be many alternative or additional functional relationships or physical connections.FIG. 1 shows a functional block diagram of a vehicle having a system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100, according to at least one embodiment. In at least one embodiment, single energy source refers to a collection of battery units or all energy sources used to power an electric vehicle (EV) 10. In at least one embodiment, group of indicators refers to a plurality of indicators in vehicle 10. In at least one embodiment, indicator set refers to all indicators of vehicle 10. vehicle 10 generally includes a chassis 12, a body 14, front wheels 16, and rear wheels 18.In various embodiments, the body 14 is disposed on the chassis 12 and substantially encloses components of the vehicle 10. The wheels 16- 18 are each rotatably connected to the chassis 12 near a corner of the body 14.In various embodiments, the vehicle 10 is an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle that is automatically controlled to transport passengers and / or cargo from one location to another. In an exemplary embodiment, the vehicle 10 is a so-called level two, level three, level four, or level five automation system. Automation level two means that the vehicle supports the driver during different driving tasks under the supervision of the driver. Automation level three means that the vehicle can take over all driving functions under certain circumstances. All important functions are automated, including braking, steering, and accelerating. At this stage, the driver may fully retract until the vehicle says him otherwise. A level 4 system identifies a "high level of automation", i.e., an automated driving system performs all aspects of the dynamic driving task even if a human driver does not respond appropriately to a request to intervene. A level 5 system means "full automation", i.e., an automated driving system fully performs all aspects of the dynamic driving task under all road and environmental conditions that can be managed by a human driver.As shown, the vehicle 10 generally includes a propulsion system 20, a transmission system 22, a steering system 24, a braking system 26, a sensor system 28, an actuator system 30, at least one data storage device 32, at least one controller 34, and a communication system 36. The propulsion system 20 is configured to generate energy for propulsion of the vehicle. The propulsion system 20 may include an internal combustion engine, an electric machine such as a traction motor, a fuel cell propulsion system, and / or any other type of propulsion configuration, in various embodiments. The transmission system 22 is configured to transmit power of the propulsion system 20 to the vehicle wheels 16- 18 according to selectable gear ratios. According to various embodiments, the transmission system 22 may include a continuously variable transmission, a continuously variable transmission, or another suitable transmission. The brake system 26 is configured to provide a braking torque to the vehicle wheels 16- 18. The brake system 26 may include friction brakes, cable brakes, a regenerative brake system such as an electric machine, and / or other suitable brake systems, in various embodiments.The steering system 24 is configured to affect the position of the vehicle wheels 16. For purposes of illustration, the steering system 24 is shown to include a steering wheel and a steering column; however, in some embodiments contemplated within the scope of the present disclosure, the steering system 24 may not include a steering wheel and / or a steering column. The steering system 24 includes a steering column coupled to an axle 50 connected to the front wheels 16, e.g., via a rack and pinion or other mechanism (not shown). Alternatively, the steering system 24 may include a steering wheel system having actuators connected to each of the front wheels 16.The sensor system 28 includes one or more devices 40 a- 40 nthat sense observable conditions of the exterior environment and / or the interior environment of the vehicle 10. The devices 40 a- 40 nmay include, but are not limited to, radars, lidars, global positioning systems, optical cameras, thermal cameras, ultrasonic sensors, a steering wheel sensor, and / or other sensors.The vehicle dynamics sensors provide vehicle dynamics data including longitudinal speed, yaw rate, lateral acceleration, longitudinal acceleration, etc. The vehicle dynamics sensors may include wheel sensors that measure information about one or more wheels of the vehicle 10. In one embodiment, the wheel sensors include wheel speed sensors connected to each of the wheels 16- 18 of the vehicle 10. Further, the vehicle dynamics sensors may include one or more accelerometers (as part of an inertial measurement unit (IMU)) that measure information about the acceleration of the vehicle 10. In various embodiments, the accelerometers measure one or more acceleration values for the vehicle 10, including latitude and longitudinal acceleration and yaw rate. In at least one embodiment, vehicle dynamic sensors provide vehicle motion data.The actuator system 30 includes one or more devices 42 a- 42 nthat control one or more vehicle features, such as, but not limited to, one or more vehicle wheels 16- 18, the propulsion system 20, the transmission system 22, the steering system 24, and the brake system 26. In various embodiments, the vehicle features may also include interior and / or exterior features of the vehicle, such as doors, a trunk, and cabin features such as air, music, lighting, etc. (not numbered).The communication system 36 is configured to wirelessly communicate information to and from other entities 48, such as, but not limited to, other vehicles ("V2V" communication), infrastructure ("V2I" communication), remote systems, and / or personal devices. In an exemplary embodiment, communication system 36 is a wireless communication system configured to communicate over a wireless local area network (WLAN) using IEEE 802.11 standards or using cellular data communication. However, additional or alternative communication methods, such as a dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) channel, are also contemplated within the scope of the present disclosure. DSRC channels refer to one or two-sided short to medium range wireless communication channels that have been specially developed for use in automobiles, as well as a number of protocols and standards.The device 32 stores data for use in the ADS of the vehicle 10. In various embodiments, the defined maps may be predefined by and obtained from a remote system. For example, the defined maps may be compiled by the remote system and transmitted to the vehicle 10 (wirelessly and / or wired) and stored in the data storage device 32. As can be seen, the data storage device 32 can be part of the controller 34, separate from the controller 34, or part of the controller 34, and part of a separate system.The controller 34 includes at least one processor 44 and a computer readable device or medium 46. the processor 44 may be any custom or commercially available processor, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), an auxiliary processor among multiple processors associated with the controller 34, a semiconductor-based microprocessor (in the form of a microchip or chipset), a macroprocessor, any combination thereof, or generally any device for executing instructions. The computer readable devices or media 46 may include volatile and non-volatile memory, such as read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), and keep alive memory (KAM). KAM is volatile or non-volatile memory that can be used to store various operating variables while the processor 44 is off. The computer readable storage device or media 46 may be implemented using any number of known storage devices, such as programmable read only memory (PROMs), electrically erasable PROM (EPROMs), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROMs), flash memory, or any other electrical, magnetic, optical, or combined storage devices capable of storing data, some of which represent executable instructions, used by the controller 34 in controlling the vehicle 10.The instructions may include one or more separate programs, each of which includes an ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions. When executed by the processor 44, the instructions receive and process signals from the sensor system 28, perform logic, computations, methods, and / or algorithms for automatically controlling the components of the vehicle 10, and generate control signals for the actuator system 30 to automatically control the components of the vehicle 10 based on the logic, computations, methods, and / or algorithms. Although only one controller 34 is shown in FIG. 1, embodiments of the vehicle 10 may include any number of controllers 34 that communicate via any suitable communication medium or combination of communication media and that cooperate to process the sensor signals, perform logic, computations, methods, and / or algorithms, and generate control signals to automatically control features of the vehicle 10. In various embodiments, the controller(s) 34 are configured to implement ADS.FIG. 2 shows a functional block diagram of a controller 34 with a system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100, according to at least one embodiment. The controller 34 includes at least one processor 44 and at least one memory 46. the at least one processor 44 is a programmable device including one or more instructions stored in or associated with the at least one memory 46. The at least one memory 46 includes instructions for execution of which the at least one processor 44 is configured. The at least one memory 46 includes an embodiment of the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100. The controller 34 is configured to be communicatively coupled to at least one ambient light sensor 200, at least one external camera 202, a gaze tracking system 204, and a plurality of displays 206 in 1, 2062, 2063, 206N. The plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N may be configured at different resolutions and / or refresh rates.The ambient light sensor(s) 200 is / are configured to generate / generate the ambient light data based on the sensed ambient light around the vehicle 10. The external camera(s) 202 is / are configured to capture images of an external environment external to the vehicle 10. In at least one embodiment, external camera(s) 202 is mounted to a windshield of vehicle 10. In at least one embodiment, external camera(s) 202 is mounted to a dashboard of vehicle 10. In at least one embodiment, external camera(s) 202 is mounted on a hood of vehicle 10. In at least one embodiment, gaze tracking system 204 includes at least one internal camera. The internal camera(s) is / are configured to capture images of a driver in an interior of the vehicle 10. The plurality of indicators 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N may also be referred to as a plurality of indicators 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N. Each of the plurality of display devices 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N is configured to receive commands from the system to dynamically dim a set of display devices sharing a single power source 100, and then adjust a brightness level and / or hue of the display devices 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N.In at least one embodiment, system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 includes a light sensing algorithm 208 and a light dimming algorithm 210. The controller 34 may include additional components that enable operation of the system to dynamically dim a set of displays sharing a single power source 100. The operation of the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 is described in more detail below.FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of an example method 300 for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source in a vehicle 10, in accordance with at least one embodiment. The method 300 will be described with reference to an example implementation of an embodiment of a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100. As will be appreciated in light of the disclosure, the order of the method 300 is not limited to the sequential execution illustrated in FIG. 3, but may be performed in one or more varying order(s), depending on applicability and in accordance with the present disclosure.At 302, the vehicle 10 is powered on. At 304, operation of the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 is enabled. In at least one embodiment, operation of system for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source 100 is activated in response to vehicle 10 turning on. In at least one embodiment, operation of system for dynamically dimming a set of indicators sharing a single power source 100 receives a state of charge (SOC) value of a battery system of vehicle 10. An SOC value that is below the SOC threshold indicates that the battery system has a low SOC value, and the system for dynamically dimming a series of indicators sharing a single power source 100 is then activated to obtain the performance of the battery system.At 306, the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 receives ambient light data from the ambient light sensor(s) 200 of the vehicle 10. In at least one embodiment, light sensing algorithm 208 receives the ambient light data from the ambient light sensor(s) 200 of the vehicle 10.At 308, the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 receives image data from one or more external cameras 202 of the vehicle 10. In at least one embodiment, external camera(s) 202 is mounted to a dashboard of vehicle 10. In at least one embodiment, external camera(s) 202 is mounted on a hood of vehicle 10.At 310, the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 determines whether the image data includes an external light source. In at least one embodiment, light detection algorithm 208 determines whether image data includes an external light source. Examples of external light sources include the sun, a license plate, a street lamp, and headlights of a vehicle.In at least one embodiment, light detection algorithm 208 is a machine learning model. A remote cloud-based system trains the light detection algorithm 208 to recognize external light sources in image data from datasets. Crowd-sourced image data and identified external light sources in the image data are received by the system to dynamically dim a series of displays of various vehicles 10 sharing a single power source 100 in the remote cloud-based system. The remote cloud-based system uses the mass-derived image data and the identified external light sources in the image data to train and refine the light detection algorithm 208. Updates to the light detection algorithm 208 based on the training and refinement are transmitted from the remote cloud-based system to the light detection algorithm 208 of the vehicle 10.When the system for dynamically dimming a plurality of displays sharing a single power source 100 determines that the image data does not include an external light source, the system for dynamically dimming a plurality of displays sharing a single power source 100 issues a command to the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N of the vehicle 10 to set the brightness level of the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N to a standard brightness level at 311.If the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 determines that the image data includes an external light source, the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 determines a light intensity level of the external light source based on the image data at 312. In at least one embodiment, light detection algorithm 208 determines light intensity level of external light source based on image data.In at least one embodiment, light detection algorithm 208 is a machine learning model. A remote cloud-based system trains the light detection algorithm 208 to determine external light sources' intensities from datasets. External light sources, ambient light levels, and associated light intensity levels are received by the system to dynamically dim a series of displays of various vehicles 10 sharing a single power source 100 in the remote cloud-based system. The remote cloud-based system uses the external light sources, the ambient light levels, and the associated light intensity levels to train and refine the light detection algorithm 208. Updates to the light detection algorithm 208 based on the training and refinement are transmitted from the remote cloud-based system to the light detection algorithm 208 of the vehicle 10.At 314, the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 determines a light angle of the external light source with respect to the vehicle 10 based on the image data. In at least one embodiment, light detection algorithm 208 determines light angle of external light source with respect to vehicle 10 based on image data.In at least one embodiment, light detection algorithm 208 is a machine learning model. A remote cloud-based system trains the light detection algorithm 208 to determine light angles from external light sources with respect to vehicles from data sets based on image data. Crowd-sourced image data, external light sources, and associated light angles are received at the remote cloud-based system by the systems for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 of different vehicles 10. The remote cloud-based system uses the external light sources and the associated light intensity levels to train and refine the light detection algorithm 208. Updates to the light detection algorithm 208 based on the training and refinement are transmitted from the remote cloud-based system to the light detection algorithm 208 of the vehicle 10.At 316, the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 generates a desired brightness level based on the light intensity level and the light angle of the external light source. In at least one embodiment, light dimming algorithm 210 generates desired brightness level based on light intensity level and light angle of external light source. The vehicle 10 includes a plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N. Each of the displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N is associated with a standard brightness level. The desired brightness level is greater than the standard brightness.At 318, the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 generates a hue adjustment based on the ambient light data. In at least one embodiment, light dimming algorithm 210 generates hue adjustment based on ambient light data. In at least one embodiment, light dimming algorithm 210 determines whether ambient light data is greater than a threshold for ambient light in day mode. When the light dimming algorithm 210 determines that the ambient light data is greater than the threshold ambient light in the day mode, the light dimming algorithm 210 generates a day mode hue as a hue setting. Certain hues are used in the display of graphics in a display 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in a day mode hue. The hues used in day mode are selected to improve visual perception of the graphics, e.g., in bright daylight, when the ambient brightness is relatively high and the likelihood of eye exposure is lower.When the light dimming algorithm 210 determines that the ambient light data is below the threshold ambient light in the day mode, the light dimming algorithm 210 determines whether the ambient light data is below the threshold ambient light in the dark sky. When the light dimming algorithm 210 determines that the ambient light data is greater than the dark sky ambient light threshold, the light dimming algorithm 210 generates a night mode hue as the hue setting. When graphics are displayed on a display 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in night mode, certain hues are used. The hues used in night mode are selected to improve visual perception of graphics in mesopic vision, e.g., during twilight when ambient brightness is moderately low.If the light dimming algorithm 210 determines that the ambient light data is below the dark sky ambient light threshold, the light dimming algorithm 210 generates a shifted night mode hue as the hue setting. In very low light situations, such as in protected dark sky environments (e.g., with minimal light incidence), red hues are often used in the display of graphics on a display 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the shifted night mode. The red hues are often used in shifted night mode to improve visual perception of the graphics when the rods in the human eye are primarily used for vision and to reduce eye stress.At 320, the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 receives driver gaze data from a gaze tracking system 204 of the vehicle 10. The gaze data includes the images captured by the internal camera(s). At 322, the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 determines a gaze direction of the driver of the vehicle 10 based on the gaze data.At 324, the system for dynamically dimming a set of indicators sharing a single power source 100 determines whether one of the plurality of indicators 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N of the vehicle 10 is in a line of sight of the driver's direction of gaze. If the system for dynamically dimming a group of indicators sharing a single power source 100 determines that one of the plurality of indicators 206 1 of the vehicle 10 is in the line of sight of the driver's direction of gaze, the method 300 continues to 326. At 326, the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 issues a command to the display 206 1 in the line of sight of the driver's direction of gaze to adjust the brightness level of the display 206 1 to the desired brightness level and perform the hue adjustment. The system for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source 100 issues a command to the other displays 206 2, 2063, 206N of the vehicle 10 to adjust the brightness to a dimmed brightness level.As previously mentioned, each of the displays 206 is connected in 1, 2062, 2063, 206N with a standard brightness. The desired brightness level is greater than the standard brightness level. The dimmed brightness level is smaller than the standard brightness level. When the indicators 206 2, 2063, 206N of the vehicle 10 that are not in the line of sight of the driver's gaze direction are set to the dimmed brightness level, this results in less energy usage of the battery system of the vehicle 10.If the system for dynamically dimming a series of indicators sharing a single power source 100 determines that none of the plurality of indicators 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N of the vehicle 10 is in the line of sight of the driver's direction of gaze, the method 300 continues to 328. At 328, the system for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source 100 issues a command to the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N to adjust the brightness level of all displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10 to the dimmed brightness level. Because none of the indicators 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N of the vehicle 10 are in the line of sight of the driver's direction of gaze, adjusting all of the indicators 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N of the vehicle 10 to the dimmed brightness level results in lower energy consumption of the battery system of the vehicle 10.In at least one embodiment, if system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 is unable to determine a gaze direction of driver based on gaze data received from gaze tracking system 204, system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 is configured to issue a command to plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N to set brightness level of all displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in vehicle 10 to standard brightness level.In at least one embodiment, system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 is configured to receive a driver vision profile via a user input device of vehicle 10. The system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 changes at least one of the day mode, the night mode, and the shifted night mode based on the driver profile. For example, if the driver's vision profile indicates that the driver of the vehicle 10 is color-blind, the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 modifies at least one of the day mode, the night mode, and the shifted night mode color tones to eliminate the use of colors that the driver cannot see.In at least one embodiment, system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 identifies a light source type of an external light source in image data received from external camera(s) 202 based on light intensity level and angle of light. In at least one embodiment, light detection algorithm 208 identifies light source type of external light source in image data received from external camera(s) 202 based on light intensity level and angle of light. Examples of light source types include the sun, headlights of a vehicle, a street lamp, and an advertising panel. The system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 determines the desired brightness level based on the light source type of the external light source. In at least one embodiment, light dimming algorithm 210 determines desired brightness value based on light source type of external light source.FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of an example implementation of a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 in bright daylight, wherein none of the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N of a vehicle 10 is in the line of sight of a driver gaze direction 400 of a driver 402, according to at least one embodiment. The system for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source 100 received ambient light data and image data. The image data contained an external light source. The external light source is the sun 404.The system for dynamically dimming a series of screens sharing a single power source 100 has determined a light intensity level 406 based on the ambient light data. The light intensity level 406 is at the top of the ambient light scale. The viewing direction 400 of the driver 402 is directed directly forward. The system for dynamically dimming a group of indicators sharing a single power source 100 has determined that none of the plurality of indicators 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10 is within the range of vision of the driver's gaze direction 400. Accordingly, the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 issued a command to adjust the brightness level of the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10 to a dimmed brightness level 408, as indicated in the brightness level scale.The system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 determined that the ambient light data was greater than a threshold for the day mode ambient light data and generated a day mode hue 412 adjustment for the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10.FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of an example implementation of a system for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source 100 in the dusk, wherein none of the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N of a vehicle 10 is in the line of sight of a gaze 500 of a driver 502, according to at least one embodiment. The system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 received ambient light data and image data. The image data contained an external light source. The external light source is the sun 504.The system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 has determined a light intensity level 506 based on the ambient light data. The light intensity level 506 is in the middle of the ambient light scale, indicating a moderate light intensity level 506. The gaze direction 500 of the driver 502 is directed directly forward. The system for dynamically dimming a group of indicators sharing a single power source 100 has determined that none of the plurality of indicators 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10 is within the range of vision of the driver's gaze 500. Accordingly, the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 issued a command to adjust the brightness level of the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10 to a dimmed brightness level 508 as indicated in the brightness scale.The system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 has determined that the ambient light data is below a threshold ambient light data in the day mode and above the threshold ambient light in the dark sky. Accordingly, the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 produced an adjustment of hue 512 for the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10 in night mode. The system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 has found that it was not necessary to implement a hue shift 510 to the night mode hue 512 because the ambient light data was greater than the threshold ambient light in the dark sky.FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an example implementation of a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 in twilight with one of the plurality of displays of a vehicle 10 in a line of sight of a gaze 600 of a driver 602, according to at least one embodiment. The system for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source 100 received ambient light data and image data. The image data contained an external light source. The external light source is the sun 604. The system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 has determined a light intensity level 606 based on the ambient light data. The light intensity level 606 is at the center of the ambient light scale, indicating a moderate light intensity level 606.The gaze direction 600 of the driver 602 is directed at one of the plurality of displays 206 1 in the vehicle 10. The system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 has determined a sun 604 angle of light with respect to the vehicle 10 and generates a desired brightness level 608 based on the light intensity level 606 and the angle of light.The system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 has determined that the ambient light data was below a day mode ambient light data threshold and above the dark sky ambient light threshold. Accordingly, the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 produced a night mode hue setting 612 for the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10.The system for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source 100 issued a command to the display 206 1 in the line of sight of the gaze 600 of the driver 602 to adjust the brightness of the display 206 1 to the desired brightness level 608 and perform the hue adjustment for the night mode. The system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 issued a command to the other displays 206 2, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10 to dim the brightness of the displays 206 2, 2063, 206N to a dimmed brightness level and perform the night color mode setting.FIG. 7 shows a schematic illustration of an example implementation of a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 in a dark sky protected area, wherein none of the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N of a vehicle 10 is in the line of sight of a gaze direction 700 of a driver 702, according to at least one embodiment. The system for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source 100 receives ambient light data and image data.The system for dynamically dimming a series of screens sharing a single power source 100 has determined a light intensity level 706 based on the ambient light data. The light intensity level 706 is at the bottom of the ambient light scale, indicating a very low light intensity level 706. The gaze direction 700 of the driver 702 is directed directly forward. The system for dynamically dimming a group of indicators sharing a single power source 100 has determined that none of the plurality of indicators 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10 is within the range of vision of the driver's gaze 700. Accordingly, the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 issued a command to set the brightness level of the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10 to a dimmed brightness level 708, as indicated in the brightness level scale.The system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 has determined that the ambient light data was below a day mode ambient light data threshold and below the dark sky ambient light threshold. Accordingly, the system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100 produced a color tone adjustment 712 for the plurality of displays 206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N in the vehicle 10 in the night mode. The system for dynamically dimming a group of displays sharing a single power source 100 has implemented a hue shift 710 to the night mode tone 712 to generate a shifted night mode tone because the ambient light data was below the threshold ambient light on the dark sky.In at least one embodiment, gaze tracking, light sensors, cameras, and computer vision are incorporated into a system of algorithms to dynamically alter brightness, hue, resolution (by applying looking rendering), and / or refresh rate of a vehicle display to assist driver's visual focus in poor lighting conditions (mesopic vision) and dim display when unused by driver, or scale refresh rate and resolution when attention is not on display.By combining the driver's gaze with the current luminance and camera data, an algorithm can calculate how to adjust the brightness, hue, resolution, and / or refresh rate of the display to obtain the battery life of the vehicle and to assist the driver's concentration in real time to reduce obstructions and uncomfortable glare. Using machine learning, the computer vision of the external cameras is trained to accurately identify light sources and intensity, which will improve detection over time.Software algorithms are used to dynamically alter the brightness, hue, resolution, and / or refresh rate of the individual displays in the vehicle to aid in the driver's visual concentration and conserve the vehicle's battery.In at least one embodiment, driver gaze tracking when vehicle is on will allow some additional changes in display and system behavior. When the gaze tracking determines where the driver is looking, this information is sent to the dynamic resolution engine, the evolved rendering engine, and the dynamic update rate display engine. The resolution and refresh rate engine determines the optimal resolution, refresh rate, and evolved rendering targets for vehicle display. The resulting configurations are then sent to the GPU cluster (display module), which then adjusts the above-mentioned parameters for all affected displays in the driver's field of view. Modules for dynamically changing power consumption modes by shifting the pooling rate, CPU power consumption, and network speed to lower speeds. The focused and dynamic resolution display is determined by the specification of a gaze zone; if the gaze falls within that zone, a portion of the screen is displayed at a lower resolution or the entire screen is placed in a lower resolution mode depending on the system capacity and gaze zone data. The refresh rate is determined by a predetermined zone into which the rendering pipeline adjusts the refresh rate as the gaze falls within that zone. For modules that are outside the main view zone, the system allows for dynamic change of the pooling rate for the input / output data (I / O), the clock of the central processing unit (CPU), and, if available, the network speed. Should the driver's gaze tracking not be available, the system will restore the optimal state with full resolution and frame rate. If a passenger is present and no gaze tracking is available to the passenger, the system returns to its optimal logic. The results of the rendering and update rate engines are stored in an external / cloud-based database to recognize patterns over time and improve the accuracy of the algorithms.FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of another example method 800 for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source, in accordance with at least one embodiment. The method 800 is described with reference to an example implementation of an embodiment of a system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source 100. As will be apparent from the disclosure, the order of the method 800 is not limited to the sequential execution illustrated in FIG. 8, but may be executed in one or more varying orders in accordance with the present disclosure.At 802, an eye gaze is fixed. At 804, the system for dynamically dimming a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 determines an eye gaze zone of the driver based on the eye gaze data of the gaze tracking system 204. The determined eye gaze zone is one of a front zone (on the road), a left zone, a right zone, and an undefined zone.At 806, the system for dynamically dimming a set of indicators sharing a single power source 100 determines whether the driver's gaze is directed toward the road based on the determined gaze zone. If the system for dynamically dimming a set of indicators sharing a single power source 100 determines that the driver's gaze is not directed at the road, the system for dynamically dimming a set of indicators sharing a single power source 100 performs the following actions: updating the power mode zone, information: interior attention, and interface to act as a wake-up event at 808. At 810, the system to dynamically dim a series of displays sharing a single power source 100 switches the passenger display back to the normal operating mode, the passenger door switches to the regular pooling rate, and the passenger side modules leave the pseudo-sleep. If the system for dynamically dimming a set of indicators sharing a single power source 100 determines that the driver's gaze is directed at the road, the system for dynamically dimming a set of indicators sharing a single power source 100 performs the following actions: updating the power mode zone and the information: attention on the road at 812.At 814, the system for dynamically dimming a series of indicators sharing a single power source 100 determines whether a passenger has been detected. If the system for dynamically dimming a series of indicators sharing a single power source 100 determines that no passenger is detected, the system for dynamically dimming a series of indicators sharing a single power source 100 performs the following actions: passenger indicators may change their power mode, their low update rate, and their lower resolution, passenger door switches change pooling rate, passenger side modules reduce network bandwidth and enter pseudo-sleep ( 816).When the system for dynamically dimming a series of indicators sharing a single power source 100 determines that a passenger is detected, the system for dynamically dimming a series of indicators sharing a single power source 100 performs the following actions: updating the power mode zone, information: occupant attention, and interface to act as a wake-up event. Method 800 then proceeds to 810.In at least one embodiment, zones may also be used for other purposes, e.g., to change pooling rate. Such zones would be used to reduce the level of detail or resolution in the out-of-focus edge regions to optimize the load on the CPU and GPU by prioritizing the rendering quality where it is most important. The detection of a passenger may be used as a refinement criterion for the passenger infotainment (FPI).

Claims

A system for dynamically dimming a set of displays sharing a single power source (100), comprising: at least one processor (44); and at least one memory (46) communicatively coupled to the at least one processor (44), the at least one memory (46) comprising instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor (44), cause the at least one processor (44) to: receive image data from at least one external camera (202) of a vehicle (10); when the image data is determined to include an external light source (404, 504, 604): determine a light intensity level (406, 506, 606, 706) of the external light source (404, 504, 604) based on the image data; and determine a light angle of the external light source (404, 504, 604) with respect to the vehicle (10) based on the image data; generating, based on the light intensity and the illumination angle, a desired brightness value; receiving gaze data of the driver (402, 502, 602, 702) from a gaze tracking system of the vehicle (10); determining a gaze direction (400, 500, 600, 700) of the driver (402, 502, 602, 702) based on the gaze data of the driver (402, 502, 602, 702); determining whether a first display (206 1) of a plurality of displays (206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N) of the vehicle (10) is in the line of sight of the gaze direction (400) of the driver (402, 502, 602, 702); and issuing a first command to set a brightness level of the first display (206 1) to the desired brightness level (608) and dim the other displays (206 2, 2063, 206N) of the plurality of displays (206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N) to a dimmed brightness level (408, 508, 708), the desired brightness level (608) being greater than the dimmed brightness level (408, 508, 708); wherein the at least one memory (46) further comprises instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor (44), cause the at least one processor to: receive ambient light data from at least one ambient light sensor (200) of the vehicle (10); Determining whether the ambient light data is greater than a first ambient light threshold; upon determining that the ambient light data is greater than the first ambient light threshold, issuing a second command to set a hue (412, 512, 612, 712) of the first display (206 1) to a day mode hue (412); and upon determining that the ambient light data is less than the first ambient light threshold, issuing the second command to set the hue (412, 512, 612, 712) of the first display (206 1) to a night mode hue (512, 612, 712).The system of claim 1, wherein: the plurality of displays (206, 1, 2062, 2063, 206N) are associated with a standard brightness; the desired brightness level (608) is greater than the standard brightness level; and the dimmed brightness level (408, 508, 708) is less than the standard brightness level.The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory (46) further comprises instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor (44), cause the at least one processor (44) to: determine whether the ambient light data is less than a second ambient light threshold, the second ambient light threshold being less than the first ambient light threshold; and issue the second command to adjust the hue (412, 512, 612, 712) of the first display (206 1) to a shifted night mode hue (512, 612, 712) based on the determination.The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory (46) further comprises instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor (44), cause the processor to perform the steps of: obtaining a profile of the vision of the driver (402, 502, 602, 702); and changing the hue of the day mode (412) and / or the hue of the night mode (512, 612, 712) based on the vision profile of the driver (402, 502, 602, 702).The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory further comprises instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor (44), cause the at least one processor (44) to issue a third command to adjust a brightness level of each of the plurality of indicators (206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N) to the dimmed brightness level (408, 508, 708) upon a determination that none of the plurality of indicators (206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N) is in the line of sight of the gaze of the driver (402, 602, 702).The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory (46) further comprises instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor (44), cause the at least one processor (44) to issue a fourth command to set a brightness level of each of the plurality of displays (206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N) to a default brightness level upon a determination that the gaze direction (400, 500) of the driver (402, 502, 602, 702) cannot be determined based on the gaze data.The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory (46) further comprises instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor (44), cause the at least one processor to: identify a light source type of the external light source (404, 504, 604) based on the light intensity level (406) and the angle of light; and generate the desired level of brightness (608) based on the light source type of the external light source (404, 504, 604).A method (300) of dynamically dimming a set of displays (206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N), sharing a single power source (100), comprising the steps of: receiving (308) image data from at least one external camera (202) of a vehicle (10); and if the image data is determined to include an external light source (404, 504, 604): determining a light intensity level (406, 506, 606, 706) of the external light source (404, 504, 604) based on the image data; determining (314) a light angle of the external light source (404, 504, 604) relative to the vehicle (10) based on the image data; generating (316) a desired level of brightness (608) based on the light intensity level and the light angle; receiving (320) gaze data of the driver (402, 502, 602, 702) from a gaze tracking system (204) of the vehicle (10); determining (322) a gaze direction (400, 500) of the driver (402, 502, 602, 702) based on the gaze data of the driver (402); determining (324) whether a first display (206 1) of a plurality of displays (206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N) of the vehicle (10) is in the line of sight of the gaze direction (700) of the driver (402, 502, 602, 702); outputting (326) a first command to set a brightness level of the first display (206 1) to the desired brightness level (608) and dim the other displays (206 2, 2063, 206N) of the plurality of displays (206 1, 2062, 2063, 206N) to a dimmed brightness level (408, 508, 708), the desired brightness level (608) being greater than the dimmed brightness level (408, 508, 708); receiving ambient light data from at least one ambient light sensor (200) of the vehicle (10); determining whether the ambient light data is greater than a first ambient light threshold; wherein determining that the ambient light data is greater than the first ambient light threshold, issuing a second command to set a hue (412, 512, 612, 712) of the first display (206 1) to a day mode hue (412); and if determining that the ambient light data is less than the first ambient light threshold, issuing the second command to set the hue (412, 512, 612, 712) of the first display (206 1) to a night mode hue (512, 612, 712).The method of claim 8, wherein: the plurality of displays (206, 1, 2062, 2063, 206N) are associated with a standard brightness; the desired brightness level (608) is greater than the standard brightness level; and the dimmed brightness level (408, 508, 708) is less than the standard brightness level.

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