Method for operating a sensor system and sensor system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method (100) for operating a sensor system (200) with at least one control unit (201) and a sensor unit (203), wherein the method (100) comprises; Receiving a trigger message (211) transmitted by the control unit (201) via the two-wire physics (205) by the sensor unit (203) in a receive step (101); processing the trigger message (211) by the second microcontroller unit (209) of the sensor unit (203) in a processing step (107); Sending the reply message (213) from the sensor unit (203) to the control unit (201) at a sending time (T_send) by the sensor unit (203) in a sending step (111). The invention further relates to a sensor system (200).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for operating a sensor system. The invention further relates to a sensor system.

[0002] Sensor systems with control units and sensor units are known from the prior art. For accurate and precise control of the sensor unit by the control unit, reliable data communication between the control unit and the sensor unit is necessary. Furthermore, it must be ensured that the acquisition of sensor values ​​by the sensor unit is controllable by the control unit.

[0003] A communication transmission method with twisted double-wire insulation for battery monitoring is known from the publication CN 116614159 A.

[0004] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved method for operating a sensor system and an improved sensor system.

[0005] This problem is solved by the method and the sensor system of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0006] According to one aspect, a method for operating a sensor system with at least one control unit and one sensor unit is provided, wherein the control unit and the sensor unit are connected to each other via a two-wire physical connection, wherein data communication between the control unit and the sensor unit is realized via the two-wire physical connection, wherein the control unit comprises a first microcontroller unit and the sensor unit comprises a second microcontroller unit for executing the data communication, wherein the method comprises;

[0007] Receiving a trigger message sent by the control unit via two-wire physics by the sensor unit in one reception step;

[0008] Determining the time of receipt of the trigger message by the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit in a time of receipt determination step; determining a time of transmission for sending a response message from the sensor unit to the control unit based on the time of receipt by the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit in a time of transmission determination step, wherein the time of transmission is later than the time of receipt by a first predefined delay period;

[0009] Processing the trigger message by the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit in one processing step;

[0010] Generating the response message by the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit in one message generation step;

[0011] Sending the response message from the sensor unit to the control unit at a specific transmission time by the sensor unit in one transmission step.

[0012] This allows for the technical advantage of providing an improved method for operating a sensor system. In particular, the method according to the invention enables data communication between a control unit and a sensor unit of the sensor system.

[0013] Data communication is carried out entirely on a two-wire system with two current-carrying transmission lines.

[0014] For data communication, the control unit comprises a first microcontroller unit and the sensor unit a second microcontroller unit. According to the invention, data communication is carried out exclusively by the first and second microcontroller units.

[0015] The use of technically complex and therefore expensive computing components, such as FPGAs, which are used in the state of the art for data communication carried out on a two-wire physical infrastructure, can be avoided.

[0016] The use of two-wire technology for data communication allows for the saving of additional transmission wires.

[0017] The use of microcontrollers to generate and / or read the trigger and response messages exchanged between the control unit and the sensor unit represents a technically simple and therefore cost-effective implementation of data communication via two-wire physics.

[0018] According to the invention, for data communication, the sensor unit receives a trigger message sent by the control unit at a specific reception time.

[0019] Based on the reception time, the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit determines a transmission time at which a response message to the trigger message of the control unit is to be sent from the sensor unit to the control unit via the two-wire connection.

[0020] The transmission time is determined by the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit based on the reception time in such a way that the transmission time is later than the reception time by a first predefined delay period.

[0021] The response message is therefore not sent from the sensor unit to the control unit at an arbitrary time. Instead, the response message is sent after the first predefined delay period following the receipt of the trigger message.

[0022] The first predefined delay period is applied by the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit to each received trigger message from the control unit.

[0023] Each response message from the sensor unit can therefore be sent with the same initial predefined delay period after receiving the respective trigger message.

[0024] This enables deterministic data communication between the control unit and the sensor unit, in which each response message from the sensor unit is sent out after the same first predefined delay time after the receipt of the respective trigger message from the control unit.

[0025] Furthermore, for data communication, it is not necessary for the sensor unit, and in particular the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit, to know when a trigger message is sent by the control unit.

[0026] By having the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit determine the respective reception time upon receiving the response message and calculate the corresponding transmission time, the sensor unit can send a corresponding response message to every trigger message sent by the control unit at any given time.

[0027] By calculating the transmission time of the response message, taking into account the determined reception time and the first predefined delay period installed or stored in the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit, the transmission of the response message can be determined. The transmission time is always later than the reception time by the first predefined delay period.

[0028] If the control unit knows the first predefined delay period between the receipt of the trigger message and the sending of the response message by the sensor unit, and if it also knows the signal propagation time required for the trigger message and the response message to bridge the distance between the control unit and the sensor unit via the two-wire connection, the control unit can calculate the time at which the respective response message from the sensor unit will arrive at the control unit when the trigger message is sent.

[0029] This enables precise operation of the sensor system, where the information provided by the sensor unit in the respective response messages can be taken into account in a time-synchronized manner.

[0030] By taking into account the first predefined delay period, precise temporal synchronization between the trigger messages of the control unit and the response messages of the sensor unit can be achieved.

[0031] For registration purposes, the receipt time defines a timestamp that pinpoints when the sensor unit received the trigger message. Similarly, the transmission time defines a timestamp that pinpoints when the sensor unit sent the response message.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the step of determining the time of receipt comprises: Determining an initial temporal position of the trigger message in an input buffer of the serial communication interface by the second microcontroller unit in a first positioning determination step; wherein the initial temporal position in the input buffer corresponds to the reception time of the trigger message; wherein the transmission time determination step comprises: Determining a second temporal positioning of the response message in an output buffer of a serial communication interface unit of the second microcontroller unit by the second microcontroller unit in a second positioning determination step, wherein the second temporal positioning is temporally separated from the first temporal positioning by a second predefined delay period, and wherein the transmission time is determined based on the second positioning of the response message in the output buffer of the serial communication interface unit.

[0033] This allows for the technical advantage of a technically simple determination of the transmission time based on the reception time. To execute the data communication, the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit includes a serial communication interface.

[0034] As is known from the prior art, the serial communication interface unit comprises an input buffer and an output buffer. Upon receiving the trigger message, the serial communication interface unit places the trigger message in the input buffer.

[0035] As is known from the prior art, the input buffer is processed over time, so that each feature of the trigger message is arranged in the input buffer in a corresponding temporal position.

[0036] As is also known from the prior art, in serial communication interfaces the information or data to be transmitted is first arranged in an output buffer. The output buffer is then processed sequentially, and the data stored in the output buffer is transmitted in the order of its processing.

[0037] To ensure that the reply message is sent after the receipt of the trigger message by the first predefined delay period, the correspondingly generated reply message is placed in a second temporal position in the output buffer.

[0038] The second positioning is time-spaced from the first positioning of the trigger message in the input buffer by a second predefined time interval.

[0039] The second predefined delay period can be used as part of the first predefined delay period to generate the first predefined delay period.

[0040] The second predefined delay time period is also predefined and stored in the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit.

[0041] Based on the second predefined delay period, the sending time for the reply message is determined accordingly.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the receive step comprises: writing the received trigger message into the input buffer of the serial communication interface unit of the second microcontroller unit by the second microcontroller unit in a first write step; and wherein the message generation step comprises: Writing the reply message to the output buffer of the serial communication interface unit to the second microcontroller unit in a second write step in the second positioning determination step.

[0043] This achieves the technical advantage of ensuring technically clean processing of the trigger message and corresponding generation of the response message.

[0044] According to one embodiment, the first write step, the second write step and the processing step are executed by the second microcontroller unit in execution cycles, wherein the second predefined delay period comprises a predefined number of execution cycles.

[0045] This achieves the technical advantage of ensuring reliable processing of the trigger message and the corresponding generation of a response message.

[0046] The trigger message is received by the serial communication interface unit of the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit and, as described above, written to the input buffer.

[0047] Subsequently, the data of the trigger message written to the input buffer is processed by the CPU element of the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit, and a corresponding response message is generated.

[0048] The corresponding generated response message is then written to the output buffer of the serial communication interface unit.

[0049] In the described embodiment, the trigger message is received in an nth execution cycle and written to the input buffer. In an (n+x)th execution cycle, the CPU element processes the trigger message and generates a corresponding response message. In an (n+x+y)th execution cycle, the generated response message is written to the output buffer.

[0050] The nth, (n+x)th and (n+x+y)th execution cycles represent arbitrary execution cycles that are executed sequentially.

[0051] By generating the response message through the processing of the trigger message by the CPU element in one execution cycle and writing it to the output buffer in a later execution cycle, it is possible to ensure that the second predefined delay period is guaranteed as an unchangeable period in every processing step of the CPU element.

[0052] It is therefore not necessary for the CPU element to start and finish processing the trigger message and generating the corresponding response message at the same time in each execution cycle in order to guarantee that the second predefined time period remains constant.

[0053] By writing the data provided by the CPU element in one execution cycle to the output buffer only in a later execution cycle, the second predefined delay period between the features of the trigger message in the input buffer and the features of the response message in the output buffer remains unchanged for each trigger message and response message, even if the data provided by the CPU element in the individual execution cycles is provided by the CPU element at different times.

[0054] A strict definition of the execution of the CPU element in the processing steps is therefore not necessary.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the method further comprises: activating a timer unit of the sensor unit at an activation time to trigger the sending of the response message at the sending time by the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit in an activation step, wherein the activation time is separated from the sending time by a third predefined delay period.

[0056] This allows the technical advantage to be achieved that the timer precisely determines the sending time of the reply message, such that the sending time is separated from the receiving time by the first predefined delay period.

[0057] The timer unit stores a third predefined delay period. This third predefined delay period describes the time span between an activation time, at which the timer unit is activated, and the transmission time, at which the reply messages are sent.

[0058] When the timer unit is activated at the activation time, the timer unit triggers the sending of the reply message at the sending time after the third predefined delay period has elapsed.

[0059] The timer unit thus enables precise transmission of the reply message at the scheduled time.

[0060] According to one embodiment, in the activation step, the timer unit is further activated at the activation time to trigger a sensor element of the sensor unit to measure sensor data at a measurement time, wherein the activation time is separated from the measurement time by a fourth predefined delay period.

[0061] This allows the technical advantage that activating the timer unit can also trigger the recording of sensor data from a sensor element of the sensor unit.

[0062] The timer unit is set up in such a way that, after activation of the timer unit at the activation time, the timer unit triggers the recording of the sensor data by the sensor element at a measurement time, whereby the measurement time is separated from the activation time by a fourth predefined delay period.

[0063] The fourth predefined delay period ensures that the measurement time is fixed in time with the activation time of the timer unit.

[0064] This allows the measurement time to be deterministically fixed in time with the reception time of the trigger message, thus enabling synchronization of the reception of the trigger message by the sensor unit and the recording of the sensor data by the sensor element.

[0065] According to one embodiment, a data output channel of the serial communication interface unit is connected to an input terminal of the timer unit, wherein the timer unit is activated by the response message placed from the output buffer onto the data output channel of the serial communication interface unit.

[0066] This allows for the technical advantage of a technically simple activation of the timer unit.

[0067] This connects an input channel of the timer unit to a data output channel of the serial communication interface unit.

[0068] To send the generated reply message, the data stored in the output buffer is placed on the data output channel. The data output channel corresponds to a MOSI channel of the serial communication interface unit.

[0069] In the discussed embodiment, the data of the reply message is not transmitted directly from the data output channel via the two-wire connection. Instead, the data of the reply message is first used by the data output channel as input signals for the timer unit.

[0070] Once the response message has been generated by the CPU element of the second microcontroller unit, and the response message stored in the output buffer of the serial communication interface unit is ready to be sent, the corresponding data is placed on the data output channel. This automatically activates the timer unit.

[0071] Therefore, no additional activation of the timer unit is required to trigger the sending of reply messages or to trigger data acquisition by the sensor element.

[0072] By automatically activating the timer unit through the response message placed on the data output channel, the activation of the timer unit is temporally linked to the generation of the response message by the CPU element or the serial communication interface unit.

[0073] This in turn allows for a temporal coupling of the activation of the timer unit and thus the sending of the response message or the recording of the sensor data to the receipt of the trigger message.

[0074] This in turn allows for the temporal synchronization of sending the reply message or recording the sensor data with receiving the trigger message.

[0075] According to one embodiment, the activation time is separated from the second temporal positioning of the response message in the output buffer by a fifth predefined delay period.

[0076] This allows for the technical advantage of precisely fixing the activation of the timer unit to the receipt of the trigger message at the time of reception.

[0077] For this purpose, the activation time is separated from the second temporal positioning of the generated response message in the output buffer of the serial communication interface unit by a fifth predefined delay period.

[0078] By equating the first temporal positioning of the trigger message in the input buffer of the serial communication interface unit with the reception time of the trigger message, and by offsetting the second positioning of the response message in the output buffer of the serial communication interface unit from the first temporal positioning by the second predefined delay period, the activation time is thus offset from the reception time by a sum of the second predefined delay period and the fifth predefined delay period.

[0079] The activation of the timer unit at the activation time is therefore fixed in time with the receipt of the trigger message.

[0080] By delaying the sending time by the third predefined delay period from the activation time, the sending of the reply message is thus fixed in time with the receipt of the trigger message.

[0081] By delaying the measurement time of the data acquisition by the sixth predefined delay period from the activation time, the data acquisition by the sensor element is also fixed in time for the receipt of the trigger message.

[0082] By pre-installing all predefined delay time periods in the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit and ensuring they remain unchanged during the operation of the sensor system, a temporal synchronization of the sending of response messages and the data acquisition by the sensor element for receiving the trigger message is achieved.

[0083] According to one embodiment, the measurement time is separated from the reception time by a sixth predefined delay period.

[0084] This achieves the technical advantage that the measurement time is fixed in time with the reception time. This allows the acquisition of the sensor data by the sensor element to be synchronized with the receipt of the trigger message.

[0085] According to one embodiment, the first predefined delay period between the time of reception and the time of transmission is defined as the sum of the second predefined delay period between the first positioning of the first feature in the input buffer and the second positioning of the second feature in the output buffer, the fifth predefined delay period between the second positioning of the second feature in the output buffer and the activation time, and the third predefined delay period between the activation time and the transmission time.and / or wherein the first predefined delay period and / or the second predefined delay period and / or the third predefined delay period and / or the fourth predefined delay period and / or the fifth predefined delay period and / or the sixth predefined delay period are pre-stored in the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit.

[0086] This allows the technical advantage to be achieved that, by the sum of the second predefined delay period, the fifth predefined delay period, and the third predefined delay period, the sending time of the reply message is fixed in time with the receiving time of the trigger message.

[0087] The sending of the reply message is therefore synchronized in time with the receipt of the trigger message.

[0088] By installing the first to sixth predefined delay time intervals in the second microcontroller unit and thus keeping them unchanged during the operation of the sensor system, the temporal synchronization of receiving the trigger message and sending the response message is ensured.

[0089] Thus, the determinism of the data communication between the control unit and the sensor unit can be ensured in a technically simple way.

[0090] According to one embodiment, the sixth predefined delay period between the reception time and the measurement time is defined as a sum of the second predefined delay period between the first positioning of the first feature in the input buffer and the second positioning of the second feature in the output buffer, the fifth predefined delay period between the second positioning of the second feature in the output buffer and the activation time, and the fourth predefined delay period between the activation time and the measurement time.

[0091] This achieves the technical advantage of ensuring that the data acquisition is fixed in time for receiving the trigger message.

[0092] The measurement time is fixed by the sixth predefined delay period in time with the receipt time of the trigger message.

[0093] The sixth delay period is the sum of the second predefined delay period and the fourth predefined delay period.

[0094] By installing the delay time intervals in the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit, a temporal synchronization between receiving the trigger message and recording the sensor data by the sensor element can be ensured.

[0095] According to one embodiment, the method further comprises: triggering a transmitter module of the sensor unit to send the response message at the time of transmission by the activated timer unit in a triggering step, wherein the transmitter module is connected to and configured with the two-wire physical communication to send the response message via the two-wire physical communication; and / or Triggering the recording of sensor data from a sensor element of the sensor unit by the activated timer unit at the measurement time in a further triggering step.

[0096] This achieves the technical advantage of ensuring technically precise execution of sending the reply message or recording the sensor data.

[0097] According to one embodiment, the processing step comprises: determining sensor information based on the sensor data of the sensor element by the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit in a sensor information determination step; and wherein the second write step comprises: writing the sensor information into the data section of the response message in the output buffer of the serial communication interface unit by the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit in an information write step.

[0098] This allows for the technical advantage that technically precise processing of the sensor data from the sensor element is ensured by generating corresponding sensor information through the CPU element of the second microcontroller unit.

[0099] Generating the sensor information can include processing the raw data from the sensor element into a format that can be read and evaluated by the control unit.

[0100] According to one embodiment, the data section is located in an end section of the reply message.

[0101] This allows for the technical advantage of enabling the control unit to evaluate the response message as simply as possible.

[0102] Furthermore, this ensures that the time of data acquisition of the measurement data by the sensor unit is separated from the time of sending the response message and / or receiving the response message by the control unit by the smallest possible time difference.

[0103] According to one embodiment, the first write step, the second write step and the processing step are executed in execution cycles, wherein in the execution cycles the first write step, the second write step and the processing step are executed simultaneously, and wherein, in the simultaneous execution in the first write step, second write step and processing step, different parts of the trigger message and / or response message are taken into account.

[0104] This allows for the technical advantage that, by simultaneously processing the trigger message and generating the response message, the sensor unit can achieve the shortest possible processing time.

[0105] In this process, different parts of the trigger message and response message are considered when the various steps are executed simultaneously. For example, parts of the trigger message can be read in parallel, and already read parts of the trigger message can be processed, and parts of the response message can be generated based on this.

[0106] Accordingly, parts of the reply message can already be sent out while the sensor element is still recording the sensor data and processing the sensor data into sensor information.

[0107] According to one embodiment, in the execution cycles, in the first write step, groups of data bits of the trigger message are written into the input buffer, wherein in the processing step the data bits of a group of the trigger message written into the input buffer are processed together, and wherein in the second write step in the execution cycles, groups of processing results are written into the output buffer.

[0108] This allows for the technical advantage that, by grouping the information of the trigger message and processing the grouped data together, the response message can be generated in the most time-saving way possible, based on the received trigger message.

[0109] According to one embodiment, the trigger message and the response message are each designed as a telegram with at least one start section and at least one data section, wherein the start section comprises a plurality of level changes and defines a start of the respective telegram.

[0110] This allows for the technical advantage that reliable data communication is enabled through the telegram format of the trigger message and response message.

[0111] The initial section with its multiple level changes simplifies the reception and identification of the respective message by the sensor unit or control unit.

[0112] According to one embodiment, the first temporal positioning of the trigger message in the input buffer is determined based on a temporal positioning of a first feature of the trigger message in the input buffer, wherein the second temporal positioning of the response message in the output buffer is determined based on a temporal positioning of a second feature of the response message corresponding to the first feature of the trigger message in the output buffer.

[0113] This allows for the technical advantage of precise temporal determination of the temporal positioning of the trigger message and response message in the input buffer and output buffer of the serial communication interface unit, respectively.

[0114] The trigger message defines a first characteristic, and the response message defines a corresponding second characteristic.

[0115] The temporal positioning of the first feature of the trigger message in the input buffer is accordingly identified as the first temporal positioning of the trigger message in the input buffer, while analogously the temporal positioning of the second feature corresponds to the second temporal positioning of the response message in the output buffer.

[0116] According to one embodiment, the first feature and / or the second feature is each defined as a predefined sequence of high levels and / or low levels.

[0117] This allows for the technical advantage that the predefined sequence of high and / or low levels for defining the first and / or second feature enables easy identification of the respective features in the trigger message and / or response message.

[0118] This allows for a precise determination of the timing of the positioning of the trigger message in the input buffer.

[0119] This in turn allows for precise timing of the trigger message in the input buffer according to the determined reception time.

[0120] According to one embodiment, the first feature in the trigger message and the second feature in the response message each define a start-of-frame section.

[0121] This allows for the technical advantage of a clear definition of the first and second features.

[0122] According to one embodiment, the receiving step comprises: sampling the trigger message with an oversampling rate by the serial communication interface unit of the second microcontroller unit in one sampling step.

[0123] This allows for the technical advantage that by sampling the trigger message with an oversampling rate through the serial communication interface unit, precise reception of the trigger message is enabled.

[0124] Oversampling ensures that no information from the trigger message is lost. In the inventive method, it is not necessary for the sensor unit to know that and when a trigger message is sent by the control unit.

[0125] The sensor unit therefore does not detect the times when scanning the transmission lines would be necessary to detect the trigger message. However, oversampling ensures that the relevant information in the trigger message is still detectable.

[0126] Oversampling in this context means that the sampling frequency is higher than the frequency at which the information in the trigger message is arranged.

[0127] According to one embodiment, majority decisions are made by the second microcontroller unit during oversampling by the serial communication interface unit.

[0128] This allows for the technical advantage that the majority decisions during scanning enable a clear identification of the various features of the trigger message.

[0129] Furthermore, majority decisions can increase the resilience of the process to interference.

[0130] According to one embodiment, the determined time of receipt of the trigger message is defined by a sampling time of the sampling of the first feature of the trigger message by the serial communication interface unit.

[0131] This allows for the technical advantage of defining a precise time of reception.

[0132] The reception time is defined here as the time at which the first feature of the trigger message is sampled in the scanning process.

[0133] This allows for a precise determination of the time of receipt of the time-extended trigger message.

[0134] The first temporal positioning of the response message within the input buffer of the serial communication interface unit corresponds to the sampling time at which the first feature of the trigger message is sampled.

[0135] When the trigger message is sampled, the sample information is simultaneously written to the input buffer of the serial communication interface unit.

[0136] The sampled information from the trigger message is written to the corresponding time positions of the input buffer according to the respective sampling times.

[0137] The sampling time of the first feature of the trigger message thus corresponds to the temporal positioning of the first feature of the trigger message in the input buffer of the serial communication interface unit.

[0138] According to one embodiment, the sampling step is performed in the execution cycles, wherein a length of the start section of the trigger message and / or a length of the start section of the response message corresponds to at least a maximum number of samples that can be performed per execution cycle.

[0139] This allows the technical advantage to be achieved that in every execution cycle the starting section can be sampled and thus identified.

[0140] According to one embodiment, a section positioned temporally before the response message in the output buffer of the serial communication interface unit is filled with zero bits.

[0141] This achieves the technical advantage that only the information from the reply message is written to the output buffer.

[0142] In each execution cycle, the two-wire physics is read by sampling, the corresponding read information is written to the input buffer, the information written to the input buffer is processed, and the information generated by the processing is written to the output buffer.

[0143] By padding the output buffer with zero bits, this process can be maintained without placing erroneous information in the output buffer.

[0144] According to one embodiment, bit boundaries are generated in the trigger message and / or the response message by a toggle method.

[0145] This allows for the technical advantage that clearly defined information can be transmitted in the trigger message or response message.

[0146] According to one embodiment, the serial communication interface unit is designed as an SPI interface unit.

[0147] This allows for the technical advantage that by designing the serial communication interface unit as an SPI interface unit, a high-performance communication interface unit can be provided.

[0148] In one embodiment, the serial communication interface unit is operated as a serial / parallel converter.

[0149] This allows for the technical advantage of precise processing of the trigger message and generation of the response message.

[0150] According to one embodiment, the processing step is performed by a CPU element of the second microcontroller unit, wherein the CPU element includes an Interrupt Request IRQ.

[0151] This allows the technical advantage that, by including an Interrupt Request IRQ in the CPU element of the second microcontroller unit, the CPU element can be designed as simply as possible, yet still be able to execute the method according to the invention.

[0152] According to one embodiment, the frame of sensor information transmitted in the response message from the sensor unit to the control unit is coherently decoded and / or processed by the first microcontroller unit of the control unit.

[0153] This allows for the technical advantage of time-saving processing of the information from the response message by the regulatory message.

[0154] According to one embodiment, the first microcontroller unit of the control unit comprises a further serial communication interface unit, wherein the further serial communication interface unit of the first microcontroller unit of the control unit and the serial communication interface unit of the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit are each operated in a controller mode.

[0155] This allows for the technical advantage of precise data communication between the control unit and the sensor unit.

[0156] According to one embodiment, the first predefined delay period is greater than or equal to a reception period of the trigger message by the sensor unit, wherein the reception period is defined as a period between the reception of the first feature of the trigger message and the reception of a last feature of the trigger message.

[0157] This achieves the technical advantage of ensuring that the reply message is only sent after the sensor unit has fully received the trigger message.

[0158] Both the trigger message and the response message are in telegram format and therefore have a temporal dimension. Receiving the trigger message thus occurs over a continuous reception period, which may extend over several execution cycles.

[0159] By ensuring that the first predefined delay period between the time of receipt and the time of transmission is equal to or greater than the time required to fully receive the trigger message, it is possible to avoid sending the reply message before the trigger message has been fully received.

[0160] Since in two-wire physics only two transmission wires are available for data transmission, and the sending of the trigger message from the control unit to the sensor unit and the sending of the response message from the sensor unit to the control unit are effected via the same transmission wires, the simultaneous sending of trigger messages from the control unit to the sensor unit and of response messages from the sensor unit to the control unit could lead to information loss.

[0161] By appropriately defining the first predefined delay period, the sensor unit can thus be operated in a receive mode, in which the sensor unit exclusively receives the trigger message or reads it from the two-wire physical system, and in a transmit mode, in which the sensor unit exclusively sends the corresponding response message via the two-wire physical system.

[0162] Simultaneous receiving and sending does not take place.

[0163] By using the first predefined delay time period, which is pre-stored in the second microcontroller unit of the sensor unit, and by using the timer unit, which triggers the transmitter module to send the response message, an additional active circuit of the sensor unit between the receive mode and the transmit mode can be avoided.

[0164] According to one embodiment, data communication between the control unit and the sensor unit takes place in a half-duplex mode.

[0165] This allows for the technical advantage that by operating in half-duplex mode over the same transmission lines of the two-wire physics, data communication between the control unit and the sensor unit can be achieved in both directions.

[0166] According to one embodiment, energy transfer between the control unit and the sensor unit is effected via the two-wire physics in addition to data communication.

[0167] This achieves the technical advantage that no additional transmission wires are required for energy transfer between the control unit and the sensor unit.

[0168] According to one embodiment, the serial communication interface unit of the sensor unit and / or the further serial communication interface unit are operated with an unused clock channel and / or an unused chip select channel.

[0169] This allows the technical advantage to be achieved that the method according to the invention does not require an additional clock signal or chip select signal for the SPI interface.

[0170] Accordingly, the SPI interface unit can be operated with the two transmission wires of two-wire physics.

[0171] According to one aspect, a sensor system is provided with at least one control unit and one sensor unit, wherein the control unit and the sensor unit are connected to each other via a two-wire physical connection, wherein data communication between the control unit is realized via the two-wire physical connection, wherein the control unit comprises a first microcontroller unit and the sensor unit comprises a second microcontroller unit for executing the data communication, and wherein the sensor system is configured to execute the method according to one of the preceding embodiments.

[0172] This allows the technical advantage to be achieved that an improved sensor system can be provided which is set up to carry out the inventive method with the technical advantages described above.

[0173] According to one embodiment, the sensor unit comprises a timer unit, a sensor element and a transmitter module, wherein the microcontroller unit of the sensor unit comprises a serial communication interface unit, wherein a data output channel of the serial communication interface unit is connected to the transmitter module and the timer unit, wherein the timer unit is connected to the sensor element and the transmitter module, and wherein the transmitter module is connected to the two-wire physical connection.

[0174] This allows the technical advantage to be achieved that, by appropriately connecting the serial communication interface unit with the timer unit and the timer unit with the sensor element or the transmitter module, the timer unit can be activated by the response message placed on the data output channel of the serial interface unit.

[0175] This eliminates the need for an additional activation signal to activate the timer unit, which is used to trigger the transmitter module or the sensor element.

[0176] This allows the number of components required in the sensor unit to be minimized.

[0177] According to one embodiment, the sensor element is designed as a sensor element from the following list: position sensor element, temperature sensor element, vibration sensor element, acceleration sensor element.

[0178] This allows the technical advantage to be achieved that the present invention is applicable to a large number of different sensor types.

[0179] The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a sensor system according to one embodiment; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of data communication between a control unit and a sensor unit of the sensor system according to an embodiment; Fig. 3 a flowchart of a method for operating a sensor system according to an embodiment; Fig. 4 a further flowchart of the method for operating a sensor system according to a further embodiment; Fig. 5 a further flowchart of the method for operating a sensor system according to a further embodiment; Fig. 6. A further flowchart of the method for operating a sensor system according to a further embodiment; and Fig. 7 Another flowchart of the method for operating a sensor system according to a further embodiment.

[0180] The same reference symbols can be used for elements with the same effect in the following. It may be unnecessary to describe these elements again for each figure. Nevertheless, these elements with the same effect can be provided accordingly in all embodiments.

[0181] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a sensor system 200 according to one embodiment.

[0182] In the embodiment shown, the sensor system 200 comprises a control unit 201 and a sensor unit 203. The control unit 201 and the sensor unit 203 are connected to each other for data transmission via a two-wire physical connection 205 with two transmission lines 271.

[0183] The control unit 201 comprises a first microcontroller unit 207. The sensor unit 203 comprises a second microcontroller unit 209.

[0184] The first and second microcontroller units 207, 209 are used to set up the control unit 201 and the sensor unit 203, and to carry out data communication via the two-wire physics 205.

[0185] For this purpose, the control unit 201 can send a trigger message 211 to the sensor unit 203, which is received by the sensor unit 203.

[0186] For example, the trigger message 211 can trigger the recording of sensor values ​​from a sensor element 227 of the sensor unit 203.

[0187] The sensor unit 203 is further configured via the second microcontroller unit 209 to read and process the received trigger message 211 and to send a corresponding reply message 213 via the two-wire physics 205 to the control unit 201.

[0188] The reply message 213 may contain, in particular, the sensor data or sensor information recorded by the sensor element 227.

[0189] Sensor information can be based on the sensor data recorded by the sensor element 227 and may have been generated by processing by the second microcontroller unit 209.

[0190] The sensor information can, for example, include the recorded sensor data translated into a format readable by the control unit 201.

[0191] To execute the data communication between the control unit 201 and the sensor unit 203, the second microcontroller unit 209 performs the inventive method for operating a sensor system. For this purpose, the second microcontroller unit 209 receives the trigger message 211 transmitted by the control unit 201 and determines a time of receipt.

[0192] After determining the reception time T_rec, the second microcontroller unit 209 determines a transmission time T_send to send the reply message 213.

[0193] Subsequently, the second microcontroller unit 209 processes the received trigger message 211 and generates a corresponding response message 213.

[0194] The reply message 213 is subsequently sent to the control unit 201 via the two-wire physics 205 at the transmission time T_send.

[0195] The second microcontroller unit 209 of the control unit 201 is thus set up to provide time-synchronized data communication with the control unit 201.

[0196] The first predefined delay period can be pre-stored in the second microcontroller unit 209 of the sensor unit 203.

[0197] The first predefined delay period DT1 thus ensures that, after the sensor unit 203 receives the trigger message 211 at any reception time T_rec, the corresponding response message 213 is sent by the sensor unit 203 exactly after the first predefined delay period DT1 has elapsed following the receipt of the trigger message 211 at the reception time T_rec.

[0198] The second microcontroller unit 209 of the sensor unit 203 is further configured to initiate the measurement of the sensor data by the sensor element 227 at a measurement time T_dat after receiving the trigger message 211 at the reception time T_rec.

[0199] The measurement time T_dat is separated from the reception time T_rec by a sixth predefined time interval DT6.

[0200] The sixth predefined time interval DT6 can in turn be pre-stored in the second microcontroller unit 209.

[0201] The sixth predefined time interval, DT6, allows data acquisition at measurement time T_dat to be linked to the receipt of the trigger message 211 at reception time T_rec. This enables the recording of the measured values ​​to be synchronized with the receipt of the trigger message 211.

[0202] After receiving the trigger message 211 at the time of receipt T_rec, the sensor element 227 records the sensor data exactly after the sixth predefined time interval DT6 has elapsed.

[0203] The first predefined delay period DT1 and the sixth predefined delay period DT6 ensure that both the sending of the response message 213 at the sending time T_send and the recording of the sensor data by the sensor element 227 for receiving the trigger message 211 at the receiving time T_rec are synchronized in time.

[0204] In the embodiment shown, the second microcontroller unit 209 of the sensor unit 203 comprises a serial communication interface unit 217 and the first microcontroller unit 207 of the control unit 201 comprises a further serial communication interface unit 219.

[0205] The serial communication interface units 217, 219 can, for example, be configured as SPI interface units.

[0206] In the embodiment shown, the second microcontroller unit 209 further comprises a timer unit 225. The sensor unit 203 additionally comprises a transmitter module 235.

[0207] The transmitter module 235 is connected to the two-wire physics unit 205 on the one hand, and to the timer unit 225 and the communication interface unit 217 on the other.

[0208] The sensor element 227 is also connected to the timer unit 225 via data transmission.

[0209] The timer unit can be configured to switch the transmitter module 235 into a transmit mode to send the reply message 213.

[0210] The timer unit 225 can also be configured to trigger the sensor element 227 to record the sensor data.

[0211] In the embodiment shown, the first and second microcontroller units 207, 209 further comprise CPU elements 249.

[0212] According to one embodiment, the CPU elements 249 can each include an input for Interrupt Requests (IRQ).

[0213] The CPU elements 249 are each connected to the serial communication interface units 217, 219 for data transmission.

[0214] In the embodiment shown, the control unit 201 and the sensor unit 203 also have a clock generator 257.

[0215] In the embodiment shown, the first microcontroller unit 207 of the control unit 201 also includes further processing components 259, such as a RAM.

[0216] In the embodiment shown, the serial communication interface units 217, 219 each have a data input channel 251, a data output channel 229, a clock channel 253 and a chip select channel 255.

[0217] In the embodiment shown, the clock channel 253 and the chip select channel 255 of the serial communication interface units 217, 219 are each unused.

[0218] The data input channel 251 and the data output channel 229 are each connected to the transmitter module 235. In the illustrated embodiment, the data output channel 229 is also connected to the timer unit 225.

[0219] The serial communication interface unit 217 is set up via the data input channel 251 to receive the trigger message 211 sent by the control unit 201 via the two-wire physics 205.

[0220] The serial communication interface unit 217 is further configured to determine the reception time T_rec of the receipt of the trigger message 211.

[0221] The trigger message 211 received from the serial communication interface unit 217 is processed via the CPU element 249 and a corresponding reply message 213 is generated.

[0222] The reply message 213 can then be forwarded by the serial communication interface unit 217 via the data output channel 229 to the transmitter module 235 for transmission to the control unit 201.

[0223] The response message 213 provided by the communication interface unit 217 on the data output channel 229 can also be used as an input signal for the timer unit 225 via the connection of the data output channel 229 with the timer unit 225.

[0224] The timer unit 225 is activated by the response message 213 provided on the data output channel 229.

[0225] The activation of timer unit 225 can be triggered by level changes in the response message 213. The response message 213 does not need to contain an explicit activation signal to activate timer unit 225.

[0226] Instead, activation can only be effected by placing the response message 213 on the data output channel 229.

[0227] After activation, the timer unit 225 switches the transmitter module 235 into a transmit mode to send the reply message 213 after a third predefined delay period and / or triggers the sensor element 227 to record the sensor data after a fourth delay period DT4.

[0228] The timer unit 225 can be integrated into the respective microcontroller unit 207, 209 or designed as an external peripheral component for the respective microcontroller unit 207, 209.

[0229] According to one embodiment, the microcontroller units 207, 209 can also additionally include programmable logic elements, in Fig. 1 not shown, include. These logic elements can be configured to initiate the activation of the timer unit 225 and the triggering of the measurements based on the transmission of the response message 213 by the communication interface unit 217.

[0230] The activation of the timer unit 225 can also be effected in this embodiment by the level changes of the reply message 213.

[0231] The programmable logic elements can be configured to determine the reception time T_rec of the trigger message 211.

[0232] Furthermore, the first delay time DT1 and / or the transmission time T_send and / or the sixth delay time DT6 and / or the measurement time T_dat can be stored in the programmable logic elements.

[0233] Based on this, the programmable logic elements can, after receiving the trigger message 211, initiate the sending of the response message 213 at the sending time T_send and / or the recording of the sensor values ​​at the measurement time T_dat.

[0234] According to one embodiment, the sensor element 227 is configured as a sensor element from the following list: position sensor element, temperature sensor element, vibration sensor element, acceleration sensor element. Alternatively, other sensor types or combinations may also be considered.

[0235] According to one embodiment, in addition to data communication between the control unit 201 and the sensor unit 203, energy transmission is also carried out via the two-wire physics 205.

[0236] According to one embodiment, the data communication between the control unit 201 and the sensor unit 203 is carried out in a half-duplex mode.

[0237] Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of data communication between a control unit 201 and a sensor unit 203 of the sensor system 200 according to an embodiment.

[0238] In Fig. Figure 2 shows graphically different process steps of the inventive method for operating the sensor system 200.

[0239] For this purpose, various processes carried out by the individual components of the second microcontroller unit 209 and the sensor unit 203 are presented in a chronological sequence.

[0240] In the embodiment shown, the serial communication interface unit 217 and the CPU element 249 are shown of the microcontroller unit 209.

[0241] The data input channel 251 and the data output channel 229 of the serial communication interface unit 217 are shown.

[0242] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, an input buffer 215 and an output buffer 221 of the serial communication interface unit 217 are shown.

[0243] According to the invention, the trigger message 211 sent by the control unit 201 is received by the second microcontroller unit 209 and in particular by the serial communication interface unit 217 at a reception time T_rec.

[0244] For this purpose, the serial communication interface unit 217 reads the data input channel 251.

[0245] According to one embodiment, reading the data input channel 251 includes sampling the data input channel 251 with an oversampling rate.

[0246] The sampling rate can, for example, be four times the transmission rate of the trigger message 211.

[0247] According to one embodiment, during oversampling by the serial communication interface unit 217, majority decisions are made by the second microcontroller unit 209 to identify the features of the trigger message 211.

[0248] According to one embodiment, a length of the start section 231 of the trigger message 211 and / or a length of the start section 231 of the response message 213 corresponds to at least a maximum number of executable samples per execution cycle 223.

[0249] In order to receive the trigger message 211, the sampled sample values ​​are subsequently written to the input buffer 215 of the serial communication interface unit 217 in the embodiment shown.

[0250] In the embodiment shown, the trigger message 211 is in telegram form. The trigger message 211 includes a start section 231.

[0251] Via the start section 231 in conjunction with the trigger section 265, the serial communication interface unit 217 and / or the second microcontroller unit 209 is able to recognize the trigger message 211 as a message.

[0252] The trigger message 211 also includes at least the trigger section 265. The trigger section 265 identifies the trigger message 211 as a trigger message 211.

[0253] Bit boundaries can be generated in the trigger message 211 and / or the response message 213 by a corresponding toggle procedure.

[0254] By processing the information from the trigger section 265, the second microcontroller unit 209 of the sensor unit 203 is stimulated to initiate the recording of the sensor data by the sensor element 227 and / or to generate and send a corresponding response message 213.

[0255] In the embodiment shown, the starting section 231 comprises a plurality of level changes between a plurality of high levels 245 and low levels 247.

[0256] Following the majority of level changes, the starting section 231 includes a first feature 241. In the embodiment shown, the first feature 241 is configured as a predefined number and / or durations of successive high levels 245 and low levels 247.

[0257] According to one embodiment, the first feature 241 in the trigger message 211 and / or the second feature 243 in the response message 213 each define a start-of-frame section of the respective message.

[0258] According to the embodiment shown, the reception time T_rec, at which the second microcontroller unit 209 of the sensor unit 203 receives the trigger message 211, is defined as a sampling time T_samp of the first feature 241.

[0259] As mentioned above, the sampled values ​​generated in the sampling of the data input channel 251 are subsequently written to the input buffer 215 of the serial communication interface unit 217.

[0260] The sampled values ​​from the sampling process are written to the input buffer 215 according to the sampling times at which they were sampled during the sampling process.

[0261] The first feature 241 of the trigger message 211 is accordingly stored in an initial time position P1 in the input buffer 215. The initial time position P1 of the first feature 241 in the input buffer 215 represents the reception time T_rec.

[0262] The first temporal positioning P1 of the first feature 241 can, for example, be defined as a point in time of an ascending edge of the first feature 241. Alternatively, the first temporal positioning P1 can also be defined as a point in time of a descending edge.

[0263] According to the invention, after determining the reception time T_rec, the transmission time T_send is determined, at which the sending of the reply messages 213 is to take place.

[0264] According to the invention, the transmission time T_send is separated from the reception time T_rec by the first predefined delay period DT1.

[0265] The correspondingly determined transmission time T_send does not represent an absolute time determination, but is primarily characterized as a time point that is time-spaced from the reception time T_rec by the first predefined delay period DT1.

[0266] In the embodiment shown, to determine the transmission time T_send, a second temporal positioning P2 in the output buffer 221 is determined based on the previously determined reception time T_rec.

[0267] The second temporal positioning P2 describes a temporal positioning of a second feature 243 of the response messages 213 generated in the output buffer 221 of the serial communication interface unit 217, based on the information of the received trigger message 211, by executing the processing steps by the CPU element 249.

[0268] The second temporal positioning P2 of the second feature 243 of the reply message 213 in the output buffer 221 is separated by a second predefined delay period DT2 from the first temporal positioning P1 of the first feature 241 of the trigger message 211 in the input buffer 215.

[0269] The second temporal positioning P2 of the second feature 243 can, for example, be defined as a time point of an ascending edge of the second feature 243. Alternatively, the second temporal positioning P2 can also be defined as a time point of a descending edge.

[0270] The second predefined delay time interval DT2 is in turn predefined and prestored in the second microcontroller unit 209.

[0271] The second predefined delay period DT2 describes a time offset with which features of the response message 213 are stored in the output buffer 221, relative to the respective features of the response message 213 corresponding features of the trigger message 211 in the input buffer 215.

[0272] In the embodiment shown, the method is executed cyclically in the second microcontroller unit 209.

[0273] The sampling of the data input channel 251, the writing to the input buffer 215, the processing of the information of the trigger message 211 by the CPU element 249, the writing of the response message 213 to the output buffer 221 and the provision of the corresponding response message 213 to the data output channel 229 is carried out in a plurality of temporally successive execution cycles 223.

[0274] For example, in Fig. 2 13 temporally successive execution cycles 223-1, ..., 223-13 are shown.

[0275] In the embodiment shown, the first feature 241 of the trigger message 211 is determined in a third execution cycle 223-3 by appropriately scanning the data input channel 251 and written to the input buffer 215 in the first temporal positioning P1.

[0276] The first temporal positioning P1 of the first feature 241 in the input buffer 215 is thus shown in the third execution cycle 223-3.

[0277] The corresponding second feature 243 of the reply message 213 is positioned in the second temporal positioning P2 in the output buffer 221. In the embodiment shown, the second temporal positioning P2 is located in a fifth execution cycle 223-5.

[0278] If the second feature 243 has a temporal extension, the second temporal positioning P2 can be defined, for example as the temporal positioning of a first bit, last bit or selected bits of the second feature 243.

[0279] The second predefined delay period DT2, by which the first positioning P1 of the first feature 241 of the trigger message 211 in the input buffer 215 is temporally separated from the second temporal positioning P2 in the output buffer 221 of the second feature 243 of the corresponding response message 213, thus comprises at least one execution cycle 223-4 in the embodiment shown.

[0280] In the embodiment shown, the processing of the information of the received trigger message 211 written to the input buffer 215 by the CPU element 249 takes place in a later execution cycle 223.

[0281] The writing of the information generated by the processing to the output buffer 221 takes place in a later execution cycle 223 than the processing itself.

[0282] In the embodiment shown, for example, the first feature 241 is detected in the third execution cycle 223-3 and written accordingly to the input buffer 215.

[0283] The processing of the information of the first feature 241 is carried out by the CPU element 249 in a fourth execution cycle 223-4.

[0284] In the embodiment shown, the first feature 241 extends from the third execution cycle 223-3 to the fourth execution cycle 223-4. The processing of the first feature 241 can therefore also take place over two execution cycles, for example the fourth execution cycle 223-4 and the fifth execution cycle 223-5.

[0285] The processing results generated in the fourth execution cycle 223-4 are subsequently written to the output buffer 221 in the fifth execution cycle 223-5.

[0286] This time offset between writing the information to the input buffer 215, processing the information of the input buffer 215 by the CPU element 249 and writing the information generated by the processing to the output buffer 221 ensures that the individual features of the trigger message 211 written to the input buffer 215 are uniformly spaced by the second predefined delay time interval DT2 from the corresponding features of the response message 213 in the output buffer 221.

[0287] The time offset between processing the trigger message 211 to generate the response message 213 and writing the information of the generated response message 213 to the output buffer 221 compensates for any timing irregularities that may occur in the processing results provided by the CPU element 249.

[0288] The communication interface 217 and the microcontroller unit 209 can be operated asynchronously in this case.

[0289] According to one embodiment, the CPU element 249 includes an interrupt request IRQ. With an interrupt request, it is not possible to specify at what point in time the processing results of the interrupt request are made available within an execution cycle 223 in which the processing by the interrupt request was carried out.

[0290] By processing the results of the interrupt request, as in Fig. 2 shown, but written to the output buffer 221 in the next execution cycle 223, it can be ensured that all features of the response message 213 generated by the processing in the output buffer 221 are temporally separated from the corresponding features of the trigger message 211 in the input buffer 215 by the second predefined delay period DT2, since the buffers 215 and 221 operate synchronously with each other.

[0291] The second predefined delay period DT2 is a predefined part of the first predefined delay period DT1, which separates the reception time T_rec from the transmission time T_send.

[0292] In the embodiment shown, the writing of information to the input buffer 215, the processing of the information in the input buffer 215 and the writing of information to the output buffer 221 are performed simultaneously in each execution cycle 223.

[0293] In the execution cycles 223, in which no trigger message 211 is received and therefore no information can be sampled from the data input channel 251, for example zero bits are written into the input buffer 215.

[0294] Similarly, the area in the output buffer 221, in which no information or data of the reply message 213 is written, can be filled with corresponding zero bits.

[0295] According to the embodiment in Fig. 1 The second microcontroller unit 209 of the sensor unit 203 includes a timer unit 225. After activation of the timer unit 225, the timer unit 225 can switch the transmitter module 235 into transmit mode to send the reply message 213.

[0296] Furthermore, the timer unit 225 can be configured to trigger the data acquisition of the sensor data by the sensor element 227 after activation.

[0297] According to the embodiment in Fig. 1. The sensor element 227 is triggered by the fact that the response message 213, generated by the CPU element 249 and written to the output buffer 221, is placed on the data output channel 229.

[0298] In the embodiment shown, the reply message 213 is also in telegram form and comprises a start section 231 with a plurality of level changes and the second feature 243.

[0299] In the illustrated embodiment, in a sixth execution cycle 223-6, the correspondingly generated response message 213 is transferred from the output buffer 221 to the data output channel 229. This results in the activation of the timer unit 225 at an activation time T_act.

[0300] In the embodiment shown, the activation of the timer unit 225 is caused by a rising edge 273 of a first high level 245-1 of the start section 231 of the reply message 213.

[0301] After activation, the timer unit 225 triggers the transmitter module 235 at a transmission time T_send. Upon triggering the transmitter module 235, the response message 213 is sent to the two-wire physics module 205.

[0302] In the embodiment shown, the transmission time T_send is equated, by way of example, with the rising edge 273 of a second high level 245-2 of the start section 231 of the reply message 213.

[0303] Furthermore, the timer unit 225 triggers the acquisition of sensor data by the sensor element 227 at a measurement time T_dat. In the illustrated embodiment, the measurement time T_dat corresponds to the rising edge of a third high level 245-3 of the start section 231.

[0304] According to the embodiment shown, the transmission time T_send is separated from the activation time T_act by a third predefined delay period DT3.

[0305] In the embodiment shown, the measurement time T_dat is separated from the activation time T_act of the timer unit 225 by a fourth predefined delay period DT4.

[0306] The third predefined delay time interval DT3 and the fourth predefined delay time interval DT4 can be stored in the timer unit 225.

[0307] When the timer unit 225 is activated by the reply message 213 as an input signal to the timer unit 225, the transmitter module 235 is automatically triggered by the timer unit 225 after the third predefined delay period DT3 has elapsed.

[0308] Following this, the reply message 213 is sent from the transmitter module 235 via the two-wire physics 205.

[0309] Similarly, after the fourth predefined delay period DT4 has elapsed following the activation time T_act, the sensor element 227 is automatically triggered by the timer unit 225 to record the sensor data.

[0310] As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, the sending time T_send is separated from the receiving time T_rec by the first predefined delay period DT1.

[0311] In the embodiment shown, the first predefined delay period DT1 results from the sum of the second predefined delay period DT2 between the first temporal positioning P1 of the first feature 241 of the trigger message 211 in the input buffer 215 and the second temporal positioning P2 of the second feature 243 of the response message 213 in the output buffer 221, a fifth predefined delay period DT5 between the second temporal positioning P2 and the activation time T_act, and the third predefined delay period DT3 between the activation time T_act of the activation of the timer unit 225 and the transmission time T_send.

[0312] The measurement time T_dat of the recording of the sensor data by the sensor element 227 is furthermore separated by the sixth predefined delay period DT6 from the reception time T_rec of the reception of the trigger message 211.

[0313] As from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, the sixth predefined time interval DT6 results from a sum of the second predefined delay interval DT2, the fifth predefined delay interval DT5 and the fourth predefined delay interval between the activation time T_act and the measurement time T_dat.

[0314] The fifth predefined delay time interval DT5 is also pre-stored in the second microcontroller unit 209 and specifies the time offset between the second temporal positioning P2 of the second feature 243 of the reply messages 213 in output buffer 221 and the activation of the timer unit 225 at the activation time T_act.

[0315] As mentioned above, the reading or receiving of the trigger message 211, the processing of the trigger message 211 and the generation of the corresponding reply message 213 and the actual sending of the reply message 213 take place simultaneously.

[0316] Accordingly, parts of the reply message 213 can already be sent by the transmitting module 235, while other parts of the reply message 213 are still being generated by processing by the CPU element 249.

[0317] In the embodiment shown, the exemplary response message 213 after the start section 231 comprises a plurality of communication sections 267. In the communication sections 267, communication information can be provided by the sensor unit 203 to the control unit 201.

[0318] Following the communication sections 267, the reply message 213 also includes a data section 233. The sensor information of the sensor element 227 is written into the data section 233.

[0319] In the embodiment shown, the response message 213 further comprises a checksum section 263 as a termination. The data section 233 and the checksum section 263 are arranged in a termination section 237 of the response message 213.

[0320] In the example shown, the sending module 235 is triggered to send the reply message 213 at the sending time T_send in the sixth execution cycle 223-6.

[0321] The sending of the reply message 213 at the sending time T_send thus takes place in the sixth execution cycle 223-6 in the example shown.

[0322] Also in the sixth execution cycle 223-6, the data acquisition by the sensor element 227 is triggered at the measurement time T_dat.

[0323] In the embodiment shown, the sensor data is recorded by the sensor element 227 during a measurement period DT_dat.

[0324] The measurement period DT_dat runs, for example, from measurement time T_dat in the sixth execution cycle 223-6 to the seventh execution cycle 223-7.

[0325] The sensor data recorded by sensor element 227 during the measurement period DT_dat are processed by CPU element 249 in an eighth execution cycle 223-8 according to the time offset.

[0326] The processing of the sensor data from sensor element 227 by the CPU element 249 can, for example, include the generation of sensor information.

[0327] The sensor information is based on the sensor data of the sensor element 227 and can, for example, be translated into a form readable by the control unit 201.

[0328] The sensor information generated by CPU element 249 in the eighth execution cycle 223-8 is subsequently written to output buffer 221 in the ninth execution cycle 223-9. The corresponding sensor information forms data section 233 of the response message 213 written to output buffer 221.

[0329] In the embodiment shown, the sensor information of the data section 233 of the reply message 213 is placed in a twelfth execution cycle 223-12 from the output buffer 221 onto the data output channel 229 of the serial communication interface unit 217 and transmitted by the transmitter module 235, which was already triggered in the sixth execution cycle 223-6, via the two-wire physical connection 205.

[0330] In the example shown, the sending of the reply message 213 by the sending module 235 thus takes place from the sixth execution cycle 223-6 to the thirteenth execution cycle 223-13.

[0331] The version of reply message 213 shown here is merely an example.

[0332] As described above, both the reply message 213 and the trigger message 211 have a temporal extension.

[0333] The receipt of the reply message 211 is defined by the receipt time T_rec. However, the receipt process of the entire trigger message 211 is characterized by an extended receipt time interval DT_rec.

[0334] The reception time interval DT_rec is defined here between the reception time T_rec, which in the embodiment shown is characterized by the sampling time T_samp of the first feature 241 of the start section 231 of the trigger message 211, and the reception of a last feature 269 of the trigger message 211.

[0335] After receiving the last feature 269, the reception process is terminated during the reception time period DT_rec of the trigger message 211 by the serial communication interface unit 217.

[0336] According to the embodiment shown, the first predefined delay time interval DT1 between the receive time T_rec and the send time T_send is greater than the receive time interval DT_rec.

[0337] This means that the sending of the reply message 213 by the transmitting module 235 at the sending time T_send only takes place after the receiving process of the entire trigger message 211 by the serial communication interface unit 217 has been completed.

[0338] This ensures that trigger messages 211 are not received and response messages 213 are sent simultaneously via the two-wire physical unit 205. According to the invention, the sending of the response message 213 and the receipt of the trigger message 211 are effected by the same transmission wires of the two-wire physical unit 205.

[0339] According to one embodiment, the serial communication interface unit 217 is operated as a serial / parallel converter.

[0340] The serial communication interface unit 217 of the second microcontroller unit 209 of the sensor unit 203 and the further serial communication interface unit 219 of the first microcontroller unit 207 of the control unit 201 are each operated in a controller mode.

[0341] According to one embodiment, the sensor information transmitted in the reply message 213 from the sensor unit 203 to the control unit 201 is decoded and / or processed in a coherent manner by the first microcontroller unit of the control unit 201.

[0342] Fig. Figure 3 shows a further schematic representation of the data communication between the control unit 201 and the sensor unit 203 of the sensor system 200 according to a further embodiment.

[0343] To operate the sensor system 200, in a receiving step 101 the sensor unit 203 first receives a trigger message 211 transmitted by the control unit 201 via the two-wire physics 205.

[0344] In a reception time determination step 103, the second microcontroller unit 209 of the sensor unit 203 determines the reception time T_rec of the receipt of the trigger message 211.

[0345] In a transmission time determination step 105, the second microcontroller unit 209 determines the transmission time T_send for sending the response message 213 from the sensor unit 203 to the control unit 201, based on the reception time T_rec.

[0346] The sending time T_send is separated from the receiving time T_rec by the first predefined delay period DT1.

[0347] In processing step 107, the trigger message 211 is subsequently processed by the second microcontroller unit 209.

[0348] In a message generation step 109, the response message 213 is generated based on the processing of the trigger message 211 by the second microcontroller unit 209.

[0349] In a transmission step 111, the sensor unit 203 subsequently sends the reply message 213 at transmission time T_send.

[0350] Fig. Figure 4 shows a further schematic representation of the sensor system 200 according to another embodiment.

[0351] The embodiment of the Fig. 4 is based on the embodiment of the Fig. 3 and includes all the procedural steps described therein.

[0352] In the embodiment shown, the receive step 101 includes a first write step 117. In the first write step 117, the received trigger message 211 is written to the input buffer 215 of the serial communication interface unit 217.

[0353] The reception time determination step 103 further includes a first positioning determination step 113. In the first positioning determination step 113, the first temporal positioning P1 of the trigger message 211 in the input buffer 215 of the serial communication interface unit 217 is determined by the second microcontroller unit 209.

[0354] The transmission time determination step 105 further includes a second positioning determination step 115. In the second positioning determination step 115, the second temporal positioning P2 of the reply message 213 is determined in the output buffer 221 of the serial communication interface unit 217.

[0355] In the embodiment shown, the message generation step 109 further comprises a second write step 119. In the second write step 119, the generated response message 213 is written by the microcontroller unit 209 into the output buffer 221 of the serial communication interface unit 217.

[0356] Fig. Figure 5 shows a flowchart of a method 100 for controlling a sensor system 200 according to an embodiment.

[0357] The embodiment of the Fig. 5 is based on the embodiment in Fig. 4 and includes all the procedural steps described therein.

[0358] In the embodiment shown, the method further comprises an activation step 121. In activation step 121, the second microcontroller unit 209 activates the timer unit 225 at activation time T_act to trigger the sending of the reply message 213 at sending time T_send and / or to trigger data acquisition by the sensor element 227.

[0359] In a trigger step 123, the transmitting module 235 is subsequently triggered by the activated timer unit 225 to send the reply message 213 at the sending time T_send.

[0360] Fig. Figure 6 shows another flowchart of the method 100 for operating a sensor system 200 according to a further embodiment.

[0361] The embodiment in Fig. 6 is based on the embodiment in Fig. 5 and includes all the procedural steps described therein.

[0362] In the embodiment shown, the method 100 further comprises a further triggering step 125.

[0363] In the further triggering step 125, the activated timer unit 225 triggers the sensor element 227 to record the sensor data at the measurement time T_dat.

[0364] Furthermore, processing step 107 includes a sensor information acquisition step 127. In sensor information acquisition step 127, the second microcontroller unit 209 determines the sensor information based on the sensor data of the sensor element 227.

[0365] The second write step 119 also includes an information write step 129. In the information write step 129, the sensor information generated in the sensor information acquisition step 127 is subsequently written to the output buffer 221 of the serial communication interface unit 217.

[0366] As described above, the sending of the reply message 211, the recording of the sensor data, the generation of the sensor information and the writing of the sensor information to the reply message 211 occur simultaneously.

[0367] In this process, parts of the reply message 211 are already being sent out while the data is being recorded and the sensor information based on it is being written into other parts of the reply message 211.

[0368] Fig. Figure 7 shows another flowchart of the method 100 for operating a sensor system 200 according to a further embodiment.

[0369] The embodiment of the Fig. 7 is based on the embodiment of the Fig. 3 and includes all the procedural steps described therein.

[0370] In the embodiment shown, the receive step 101 further comprises a sampling step 131. In the sampling step 131, the trigger message 211 is sampled by the serial communication interface unit 217 at an oversampling rate.

[0371] According to one embodiment, in the first write step 117, in each execution cycle 223, groups of data bits from the trigger message 211 are written to the input buffer 215. In the processing step 107, the data bits of a group of data bits from the trigger message 211 previously written to the input buffer 215 are processed together.

[0372] In the second write step 119, the groups of processing results are written to the output buffer 221 in each of the execution cycles 223. Reference symbol list 100 procedures 101 Reception Step 103 Receipt Time Determination Step 105 Determining the transmission time step 107 Processing step 109 Message generation step 111 transmission step 113 First step in determining position 115 second position determination step 117 first writing step 119 second writing step 121 Activation step 123 Trigger step 125 further trigger step 127 Sensor Information Acquisition Step 129 Information writing step 131 sampling steps 200 sensor system 201 Control unit 203 Sensor unit 205 Two-wire physics 207 first microcontroller unit 209 second microcontroller unit 211 Trigger message 213 Reply message 215 Input buffer 217 serial communication interface unit 219 additional serial communication interface units 221 Output buffer 223 Execution cycle 223-1 first execution cycle 223-2 second execution cycle 223-3 third execution cycle 223-4 fourth execution cycle 223-5 fifth execution cycle 223-6 sixth execution cycle 223-7 seventh execution cycle 223-8 eighth execution cycle 223-9 ninth execution cycle 223-10 tenth execution cycle 223-11 eleventh execution cycle 223-12 twelfth execution cycle 223-13 thirteenth execution cycle 225 Timer Unit 227 Sensor element 229 Data output channel 231 Starting section 233 Data section 235 Transmitter module 237 Final section 241 first characteristic 243 second characteristic 245 High level 245-1 first high level 245-2 second high level 245-3 third high level 247 Low level 249 CPU Element 251 Data input channel 253 Clock Channel 255 Chip Select Channel 257 Clock generators 259 additional processing components 263 Checksum section 265 Trigger section 267 Communication section 269 ​​last feature 271 Transmission line 273 rising flank DT1 first predefined delay time period DT2 second predefined delay time period DT3 third predefined delay time period DT4 fourth predefined delay time period DT5 fifth predefined delay time interval DT6 sixth predefined delay time interval DT_rec reception time span DT_dat Measurement time span T_date measurement time T_send Send time T_rec reception time T_act activation time T_samp sampling time t time P1 first positioning P2 second positioning

Claims

Method (100) for operating a sensor system (200) with at least one control unit (201) and a sensor unit (203), wherein the control unit (201) and the sensor unit (203) are connected to each other via a two-wire physical communication (205), wherein data communication between the control unit (201) and the sensor unit (203) is realized via the two-wire physical communication (205), wherein the control unit (201) comprises a first microcontroller unit (207) and the sensor unit (203) comprises a second microcontroller unit (209) for performing the data communication, wherein the method (100) comprises; Receiving a trigger message (211) transmitted by the control unit (201) via the two-wire physics (205) by the sensor unit (203) in a receive step (101); Determining a reception time (T_rec) of the reception of the trigger message (211) by the second microcontroller unit (209) of the sensor unit (203) in a reception time determination step (103);Determining a send time (T_send) for sending a reply message (213) from the sensor unit (203) to the control unit (201) based on the receive time (T_rec) by the second microcontroller unit (209) of the sensor unit (203) in a send time determination step (105), wherein the send time (T_send) is later than the receive time (T_rec) by a first predefined delay period (DT1); Processing the trigger message (211) by the second microcontroller unit (209) of the sensor unit (203) in a processing step (107); generating the response message (213) by the second microcontroller unit (209) of the sensor unit (203) in a message generation step (109); sending the response message (213) from the sensor unit (203) to the control unit (201) at the sending time (T_send) by the sensor unit (203) in a sending step (111).; Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the receive time determination step (103) comprises: determining a first temporal positioning (P1) of the trigger message (211) in an input buffer (215) of a serial communication interface unit (217) of the first microcontroller unit (207) by the second microcontroller unit (209) in a first positioning determination step (113), wherein the first temporal positioning (P1) of the trigger message (211) in the input buffer (215) corresponds to the receive time (T_rec) of the trigger message (211), and wherein the transmit time determination step (105) comprises: determining a second temporal positioning (P2) of the response message (213) in an output buffer (221) of the serial communication interface unit (217) of the second microcontroller unit (209) by the second microcontroller unit (209) in a second positioning determination step (115).wherein the second temporal positioning (P2) is separated from the first temporal positioning (P1) by a second predefined delay period (DT2), and wherein the sending time (T_send) is determined based on the second positioning (P2) of the reply message (213) in the output buffer (221) of the serial communication interface unit (217). Method (100) according to claim 2, wherein the receive step (101) comprises: writing the received trigger message (211) to the input buffer (215) of the serial communication interface unit (217) of the second microcontroller unit (209) in a first write step (117); and wherein the message generation step (109) comprises: writing the response message (213) to the output buffer (221) of the serial communication interface unit (217) to the second position determination step (115) by the second microcontroller unit (209) in a second write step (119). Method (100) according to claim 3, wherein the first write step (117), the second write step (119) and the processing step (107) are executed in execution cycles (223), and wherein the second predefined delay period (DT2) comprises a predefined number of execution cycles (223). Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising: activating a timer unit (225) of the sensor unit (203) at an activation time (T_act) to trigger the sending of the reply message (213) at the send time (T_send) by the second microcontroller unit (209) of the sensor unit (203) in an activation step (121), and wherein the activation time (T_act) is time-separated from the send time (T_send) by a third predefined delay time interval (DT3). Method (100) according to claim 5, wherein the timer unit (225) is further activated in the activation step (121) at the activation time (T_act) to trigger a sensor element (227) of the sensor unit (203) to measure sensor data at a measurement time (T_dat), and wherein the activation time (T_act) is time-separated from the measurement time (T_dat) by a fourth predefined delay time interval (DT4). Method (100) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a data output channel (229) of the serial communication interface unit (217) is connected to an input terminal of the timer unit (225), and wherein the timer unit (225) is activated by the response message (213) placed from the output buffer (221) onto the data output channel (229) of the serial communication interface unit (217). Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 7, wherein the activation time (T_act) is temporally separated by a fifth predefined delay period (DT5) from the second temporal positioning (P2) of the response message (213) in the output buffer (221). Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims 6 to 8, wherein the measurement time (T_dat) is time-spaced by a sixth predefined delay time interval (DT6) from the reception time (T_rec). Method (100) according to claim 9, wherein the first predefined delay time interval (DT1) between the receive time (T_rec) and the transmit time (T_send) is defined as a sum of the second predefined delay time interval (DT2) between the first positioning (P1) of a first feature (241) in the input buffer (215) and the second positioning (P2) of a second feature (243) in the output buffer (221) and the fifth predefined delay time interval (DT5) between the second positioning (P2) of the second feature (243) in the output buffer (221) and the activation time (T_act) and the third predefined delay time interval (DT3) between the activation time (T_act) and the transmit time (T_send),and / or wherein the first predefined delay period (DT1) and / or the second predefined delay period (DT2) and / or the third predefined delay period (DT3) and / or the fourth predefined delay period (DT4) and / or the fifth predefined delay period (DT5) and / or the sixth predefined delay period (DT6) are pre-stored in the second microcontroller unit (209) of the sensor unit (203). Method (100) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the sixth predefined delay time interval (DT6) between the receive time (T_rec) and the measurement time (T_dat) is defined as a sum of the second predefined delay time interval (DT2) between the first positioning (P1) of the first feature (241) in the input buffer (215) and the second positioning (P2) of the second feature (243) in the output buffer (221) and the fifth predefined delay time interval (DT5) between the second positioning (P2) of the second feature (243) in the output buffer (221) and the activation time (T_act) and the fourth predefined delay time interval (DT4) between the activation time (T_act) and the measurement time (T_dat). Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 8, further comprising: triggering a transmitter module (235) of the sensor unit (203) to send the reply message (213) at the time of transmission (T_send) by the activated timer unit (225) in a triggering step (123), wherein the transmitter module (235) is connected to the two-wire physics (205) and is configured to send the reply message (213) via the two-wire physics (205); and / or triggering a recording of sensor data of the sensor element (227) of the sensor unit (203) by the activated timer unit (225) at the time of measurement (T_dat) in a further triggering step (125). Method (100) according to claim 12, wherein the processing step (107) comprises: determining sensor information based on the sensor data of the sensor element (227) by the second microcontroller unit (209) of the sensor unit (203) in a sensor information determination step (127); and wherein the second write step (119) comprises: writing the sensor information into a data section (233) of the response message (213) in the output buffer (221) of the serial communication interface unit (217) by the second microcontroller unit (209) of the sensor unit (203) in an information write step (129). Method (100) according to claim 13, wherein the data section (233) is arranged in an end section (237) of the reply message (213). Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first write step (117), the second write step (119) and the processing step (107) are executed in execution cycles (223), wherein in the execution cycles (223) the first write step (117), the second write step (119) and the processing step (107) are executed simultaneously, and wherein, in the simultaneous execution in the first write step (117), second write step (119) and processing step (107), different parts of the trigger message (211) and / or response message (213) are taken into account. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the execution cycles (223) in the first write step (117) groups of data bits of the trigger message (211) are written into the input buffer (215), wherein in the processing step (107) the data bits of a group of the trigger message (211) written into the input buffer (215) are processed together, and wherein in the second write step (119) in the execution cycles (223) groups of processing results are written into the output buffer (221). Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the trigger message (211) and the reply message (213) are each configured as a telegram with at least one start section (231) and at least one data section (233), and wherein the start section (231) comprises a plurality of level changes and defines a start of the respective telegram. Method (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 17, wherein the first temporal positioning (P1) of the trigger message (211) in the input buffer (215) is determined based on a temporal positioning of a first feature (241) of the trigger message (211) in the input buffer (215), and wherein the second temporal positioning (P2) of the response message (213) in the output buffer (221) is determined based on a temporal positioning of a second feature (243) of the response message (213) corresponding to the first feature (241) of the trigger message (211) in the output buffer (221). Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims 18, wherein the first feature (241) and / or the second feature (243) is each defined as a predefined sequence of high levels (245) and / or low levels (247). Method (100) according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the first feature (241) in the trigger message (211) and the second feature (243) in the response message (213) each define a start-of-frame section. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the receive step (101) comprises: sampling the trigger message (211) with an oversampling rate by the serial communication interface unit (217) of the second microcontroller unit (209) in a sampling step (131). Method (100) according to claim 21, wherein majority decisions are made by the second microcontroller unit (209) during oversampling by the serial communication interface unit (217). Method (100) according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the determined reception time (T_rec) of the trigger message (211) is defined by a sampling time (T_samp) of the sampling of the first feature (241) of the trigger message (211) by the serial communication interface unit (217). Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims 21 to 23, wherein the sampling step (131) is executed in the execution cycles (223), and wherein a length of the start section (231) of the trigger message (211) and / or a length of the start section (231) of the response message (213) corresponds to at least a maximum number of samples executable per execution cycle (223). Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 24, wherein in the output buffer (221) of the serial communication interface unit (217) a section positioned temporally before the reply message (213) is filled with zero bits. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein bit boundaries are generated in the trigger message (211) and / or the response message (213) by a toggle method. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the serial communication interface unit (217) is configured as an SPI interface unit. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the serial communication interface unit (217) is operated as a serial / parallel converter. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the processing step (107) is performed by a CPU element (249) of the second microcontroller unit (209), and wherein the CPU element (249) comprises an Interrupt Request IRQ. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the frame of sensor information transmitted in the reply message (213) from the sensor unit (203) to the control unit (201) is coherently decoded and / or processed by the first microcontroller unit (207) of the control unit (201). Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first microcontroller unit (207) of the control unit (201) comprises a further serial communication interface unit (219), and wherein the further serial communication interface unit (219) of the first microcontroller unit (207) of the control unit (201) and the serial communication interface unit (217) of the second microcontroller unit (207) of the sensor unit (203) are each operated in a controller mode. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first predefined delay time interval (T1) is greater than or equal to a reception time interval (DT_rec) of the reception of the trigger message (211) by the sensor unit (203), wherein the reception time interval (DT_rec) is defined as a time interval between the reception of the first feature (241) of the trigger message (211) and the reception of a last feature (269) of the trigger message. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the data communication between the control unit (201) and the sensor unit (203) takes place in a half-duplex mode. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, in addition to data communication, energy transfer is effected between the control unit (201) and the sensor unit (203) via the two-wire physics (205). Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the serial communication interface unit (217) of the sensor unit (203) and / or the further serial communication interface unit (217) are operated with an unused clock channel (253) and / or an unused chip select channel (255). Sensor system (200) with at least one control unit (201) and a sensor unit (203), wherein the control unit (201) and the sensor unit (203) are connected to each other via a two-wire physical connection (205), wherein data communication between the control unit (201) is realized via the two-wire physical connection (205), wherein the control unit (201) comprises a first microcontroller unit (207) and the sensor unit (203) comprises a second microcontroller unit (209) for carrying out the data communication, and wherein the sensor system (200) is configured to carry out the method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 35. Sensor system (200) according to claim 36, wherein the sensor unit (203) comprises a timer unit (225), a sensor element (227) and a transmitter module (235), wherein the second microcontroller unit (209) of the sensor unit (203) comprises a serial communication interface unit, wherein a data output channel of the serial communication interface unit (217) is connected to the transmitter module (235) and the timer unit (225), wherein the timer unit (225) is connected to the sensor element (227) and the transmitter module (235), and wherein the transmitter module (235) is connected to the two-wire physics (205). Sensor system (200) according to claim 36 or 37, wherein the sensor element (227) is configured as a sensor element from the following list: position sensor element, temperature sensor element, vibration sensor element, acceleration sensor element.

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