Compressed air supply system and pneumatic system for a vehicle as well as operating procedures
The compressed air supply system addresses inefficiencies in regeneration by using separate paths for filling and regeneration, bypassing the condensation dryer during regeneration to enhance efficiency and reduce compressor operating time, improving system availability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZF CV SYST EURO BV
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-11
Smart Images
Figure 00000000_0000_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a compressed air supply system for a vehicle, in particular a passenger car. Such a compressed air supply system comprises a compressor for providing compressed air and a compressed air supply unit.
[0002] The compressed air supply system comprises a compressed air connection for connection to the compressor, a compressed air supply connection for providing dried compressed air to a pneumatic system, a pneumatic main line extending from the compressed air connection to the compressed air supply connection, an air dryer arranged in the pneumatic main line, and a condensation dryer arranged between the compressed air connection and the air dryer. The air dryer is configured to receive compressed air at an inlet opening for filling the pneumatic system during a filling operation and to receive compressed air at an outlet opening for regenerating a drying granulate during a regeneration operation. The invention further relates to a pneumatic system for a vehicle with such a compressed air supply system, a vehicle with a corresponding pneumatic system, and a method for operating such a pneumatic system.
[0003] In vehicles, compressed air supply systems provide pneumatic systems with dried compressed air. For this purpose, compressed air is supplied to the compressed air supply system via the compressed air connection by a compressed air source such as a compressor. Compressors and compressors are used synonymously in this description and refer to units that compress air. Such a compressor, together with the compressed air supply system, forms a compressed air supply system. This compressed air supply system is preferably controlled by an electronic control unit. Such compressed air supply systems are particularly useful for supplying compressed air to pneumatic systems in the form of level control systems or sensor cleaning devices.
[0004] Common to all compressed air supply systems is that the compressed air supplied to the pneumatic system is always provided with a maximum defined residual moisture content. The compressed air can, for example, flow through one or more dryers. Regenerative air dryers are preferred, as they reduce the moisture content of the compressed air through adsorption. The continuous drying of compressed air by the air dryer results in a progressive saturation of the drying granules within the dryer. To regenerate such an air dryer, dried compressed air is passed through it and released to the environment via a vent line and a vent connection. The operating time of the compressed air supply systems therefore depends significantly on the possible operating time of the air dryer and its degree of saturation.
[0005] DE 3919438 A1 describes, in principle, a pressure-medium-operated device with an air dryer located between a pressure medium source and the consumers. An expansion tank is provided, which serves to receive air from the emptying consumers and to supply air to the air dryer during regeneration. The device is suitable for pneumatically operated systems with an air dryer.
[0006] DE 10 2004 056 883 A1 describes a closed air supply system for an air-operated work device, wherein the air supply system consists of a compressor, a storage unit, one or more dryers and pneumatic control elements, wherein the dryers are arranged and can be switched using the pneumatic control elements in such a way that a volume flow of moist air conveyed from the outside into the air supply system by the compressor fills a minimum of the internal volume of the work device before reaching a first dryer.
[0007] In compressed air supply systems for open systems, such as sensor cleaning equipment, a particular challenge arises: the compressed air supplied at the compressed air connection cannot be returned to the compressed air supply system, but is instead expelled to clean the sensors. Consequently, no compressed air already dried by the air dryer remains in the compressed air supply system or pneumatic system for its regeneration. Compressed air for air dryer regeneration must therefore be supplied by the compressor, thus increasing the compressor's operating time. Furthermore, no dried compressed air can be supplied at the compressed air connection by the compressed air supply system during the air dryer regeneration process.
[0008] Therefore, there is a need to increase the efficiency of regeneration and thus reduce the regeneration time and, in particular, the operating time of the compressor, as well as to increase system availability.
[0009] The task is to design and operate a compressed air supply system equipped with an air dryer and condensation dryer in a manner that is improved for both filling and regeneration processes.
[0010] The solution is obtained with the compressed air supply system of claim 1 or a pneumatic system and a vehicle and a corresponding method of claim 14 for operating the compressed air supply system of claim 1.
[0011] The problem relating to a compressed air supply system is solved in a first aspect of the invention by a device according to claim 1.
[0012] According to the invention, to solve the problem, it is proposed, starting from the compressed air supply system mentioned at the outset, that the compressed air supply system has a regeneration path and a filling path, wherein, in filling mode, the filling path connects the compressed air connection 1 to the inlet opening of the air dryer and includes the upstream condensation dryer. In regeneration mode, the regeneration path connects the compressed air connection 1 to the outlet opening of the air dryer 216 without passing through the condensation dryer.
[0013] In the open system, which is the main focus here but is not meant to be restrictive, the compressed air used for regeneration is supplied from the compressor to the compressed air connection and from there via the regeneration path in the regeneration direction to the outlet opening of the air dryer, in order to then be guided in the regeneration direction to the venting path under regenerative flow through the air dryer in counterflow (to the filling direction).
[0014] In other words, the concept of the invention provides that the condensation dryer is not arranged in the regeneration path, but rather the regeneration path connects the compressed air connection to the outlet opening of the air dryer for regeneration, bypassing the condensation dryer.
[0015] The invention advantageously recognizes that, during filling operation, the condensation dryer advantageously reduces the moisture content of the compressed air supplied to the air dryer between the compressed air connection and the air dryer. The compressed air is cooled by the condensation dryer, and some of the moisture it contains condenses. The compressed air supplied to a pneumatic system via the air dryer thus has a reduced moisture content, so that the saturation of the drying granules in the air dryer progresses less rapidly.
[0016] The invention further advantageously recognizes that, during regeneration operation, the reduced temperature of the compressed air supplied by the condensation dryer significantly reduces the efficiency of the regeneration. The invention counteracts this rather detrimental effect of the condensation dryer during regeneration operation by using different paths for supplying compressed air to the air dryer, depending on the operating mode, namely regeneration operation and filling operation.
[0017] The filling path utilizes the advantageous two-stage dehumidification process for filling the pneumatic system, using the condensation dryer and the air dryer.
[0018] The regeneration path allows compressed air to be directed to the outlet opening of the air dryer to regenerate the drying granules without unwanted cooling of the compressed air by the condensation dryer.
[0019] The condensation dryer is an independent drying element and must be able to significantly reduce the dew point temperature when cooling the compressed air supplied at the compressed air connection.
[0020] Further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, which further develop the concept of the invention with regard to advantageous features within the scope of the problem statement and with regard to further advantages.
[0021] Preferably, the compressed air supply system further comprises at least one pneumatic switching element for selectively blocking and releasing the regeneration path. This reliably prevents compressed air from being routed to the air dryer's outlet via the regeneration path during filling. Thus, it is ensured that only pre-dried compressed air from the condensation dryer is supplied to the air dryer's inlet during filling.
[0022] Preferably, the regeneration path includes a bypass line that branches off from the main pneumatic line at a junction between the compressed air connection and the condensation dryer. The bypass line, as part of the regeneration path, thus branches off from the main pneumatic line at this junction before the compressed air passes through the condensation dryer. This compressed air is therefore not cooled by the condensation dryer and can be routed via the regeneration path to the air dryer's outlet.
[0023] Preferably, the pneumatic switching element is a bypass switching valve arranged in the bypass line. A bypass switching valve allows the bypass line to be opened and closed, controlled by a control unit, depending on the desired operating mode. For example, during regeneration, the bypass switching valve can be controlled to open the bypass line. Conversely, during filling, the bypass switching valve can be controlled to close the bypass line.
[0024] According to a preferred alternative embodiment, the pneumatic switching element comprises a bypass switching valve arranged at the branch point, which is designed as a 3 / 2-way valve. Thus, with only one switching valve, either the filling path or the regeneration path, which includes the bypass line, can be selectively enabled.
[0025] According to a preferred embodiment, the branch point is a first branch point, and the bypass line connects to the main pneumatic line at a first connection point between the condensation dryer and the air dryer. The regeneration path preferably also includes a pneumatic branch line that branches off from the main pneumatic line at a second branch point between the first connection point and the air dryer and connects to the main pneumatic line between the dryer's outlet opening and the compressed air supply connection. The bypass line thus forms a bypass around the condensation dryer in the main pneumatic line. In the filling direction, the bypass line branches off from the main pneumatic line upstream of the condensation dryer and reconnects to the main pneumatic line downstream of it in the filling direction.Additionally, the branch line allows compressed air from the main pneumatic line to be routed to the air dryer's outlet, bypassing the air dryer. This compressed air can then be used to regenerate the air dryer by flowing it counter-currently, against the filling direction. Depending on whether the bypass line is opened or closed by a pneumatic switching element, the compressed air routed through the branch line either passes through the condensation dryer first or is routed directly through the bypass line, bypassing the condensation dryer.
[0026] According to an alternative embodiment, the bypass line connects to the main pneumatic line at a first connection point between the air dryer and the compressed air supply connection. This allows compressed air for regenerating the air dryer to be routed from a section of the main pneumatic line between the compressed air connection and the condensing dryer—that is, before dehumidification by the condensing dryer—to the air dryer's outlet. The compressed air, routed via a corresponding bypass line, is thus returned to the main pneumatic line between the air dryer and the compressed air supply connection, bypassing the condensing dryer and the air dryer.
[0027] Preferably, at least one throttling arrangement is located in the regeneration path. During regeneration, compressed air is thus passed through the throttling arrangement via the regeneration path and then expanded. This reduces the relative humidity, allowing the compressed air flowing counter-currently through the air dryer to absorb moisture from the drying granules.
[0028] It is further preferred that the throttle arrangement includes a main line throttle located in the pneumatic main line between the outlet opening and the compressed air supply connection. Alternatively or additionally, the throttle arrangement includes a bypass throttle located in the bypass line. Thus, the compressed air directed to the outlet opening of the air dryer during regeneration either flows through a corresponding bypass throttle in the bypass line and / or through a main line throttle in the pneumatic main line between the outlet opening and the compressed air connection.
[0029] It is further preferred that the filling path be longer than the regeneration path. A shorter regeneration path results in less cooling of the compressed air, which is heated by the compressor. An increased temperature of the compressed air used for regeneration increases the efficiency of the regeneration process, as warm compressed air can hold a greater amount of moisture. Furthermore, the water storage capacity of the silicate granules is significantly reduced at high temperatures, especially above 100°C; thus, the stored water can be effectively removed from the granules. Therefore, directing the compressed air from the compressor through the regeneration path to the air dryer's outlet opening is advantageous.The longer filling path also results in the compressed air being cooled more on its way to the inlet of the air dryer compared to conventional pipe lengths. This improves the water-binding capacity of the drying granules and thus the drying performance, as the compressed air to be dehumidified has less residual heat from compression. The opposite effect to that used in regeneration is therefore utilized. Preferably, the length of the filling path is four times, and particularly five times, the length of the regeneration path.
[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, a throttling element is arranged between the branch point and the condensation dryer. This element is designed to reduce the cross-sectional area of the main pneumatic line. This results in a lower flow resistance through the bypass line than through the main pneumatic line with the condensation dryer located therein. Such a throttling element is particularly useful when the pneumatic switching element includes a bypass valve located in the bypass line. While this valve opens the bypass as needed, it does not prevent compressed air from continuing to flow through the condensation dryer. Due to the throttling element in the main pneumatic line, the compressed air supplied at the compressed air connection takes the path of least resistance and flows through the bypass line rather than through the condensation dryer.
[0031] A self-opening check valve is preferably arranged between the condensation dryer and the air dryer. This valve is designed to automatically open the pneumatic main line when a preset opening pressure is exceeded. The opening pressure is the pressure present in a section of the pneumatic main line between the check valve and the condensation dryer. The check valve increases the flow resistance and prevents backflow from the pneumatic main line, a so-called short circuit of the condensation dryer.
[0032] The invention solves the aforementioned problem in a second aspect by means of a pneumatic system for a vehicle, in particular a passenger car, according to claim 12. The pneumatic system comprises a compressed air supply system according to the first aspect of the invention, a pneumatic system connected to the compressed air supply system, in particular a sensor cleaning device, and a control unit for controlling the compressed air supply system. Due to the compressed air supply system, which can be controlled by the control unit, the pneumatic system benefits from the advantages mentioned at the outset with regard to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and preferred embodiments according to the first aspect of the invention are also advantages and preferred embodiments according to the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa.
[0033] The invention solves the aforementioned problem in a third aspect by means of a vehicle, in particular a passenger car, according to claim 13. The vehicle comprises a pneumatic system according to the second aspect of the invention. By means of a corresponding pneumatic system with a compressed air supply system according to the first aspect of the invention, the vehicle, according to the third aspect of the invention, benefits from the advantages mentioned at the outset with regard to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and preferred embodiments of the compressed air supply system according to the first aspect of the invention are also advantages and preferred embodiments of the vehicle according to the third aspect of the invention.
[0034] The invention solves the aforementioned problem by means of a method according to claim 14 for operating a pneumatic system, in particular a pneumatic system according to the second aspect of the invention. The method comprises the following steps: - Operation of the compressed air supply system in a filling plant, in which compressed air is first routed via a filling path to the condensation air dryer and then to the inlet opening of the air dryer to fill the pneumatic system, and - Operation of the compressed air supply system in a regeneration plant, in which compressed air for regenerating a drying granulate of the air dryer is routed via the regeneration path - bypassing the condensation dryer - from the compressed air connection to an outlet opening of the air dryer.
[0035] By selectively operating the compressed air supply system either in filling mode, in which compressed air first passes through the condensation dryer and then the air dryer, or optionally in regeneration mode, in which compressed air is routed to the air dryer's outlet via a regeneration path, bypassing the regeneration dryer, the method takes advantage of the benefits described above with regard to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and preferred embodiments according to the first aspect of the invention are also advantages and preferred embodiments of the method according to the fourth aspect of the invention, and vice versa.
[0036] Preferably, the regeneration path comprises a bypass line that branches off from the main pneumatic line at a junction between the compressed air connection and the condensation dryer and connects to the main pneumatic line at a first connection point between the condensation dryer and the air dryer. The filling operation is a first filling operation, and the method further comprises operating the compressed air supply system in a second filling operation, in which compressed air is routed to the inlet of the air dryer via the bypass line, bypassing the condensation air dryer. Thus, the compressed air is only pre-dried by the condensation dryer as needed during the first filling operation before passing through the air dryer for further drying.
[0037] Preferably, the method further comprises monitoring the ambient temperature by a control device, wherein the control device initiates the first filling operation if the ambient temperature corresponds to at least a predefined limit value and initiates the second filling operation if the ambient temperature is below the predefined limit value. In other words, the second filling operation, in which the compressed air is routed to the air dryer bypassing the condensation air dryer, is preferably initiated at very low temperatures, i.e., temperatures below the predefined limit value. This effectively prevents freezing or frost-related damage to the condensation dryer resulting from very low ambient temperatures.
[0038] Preferably, the predefined limit is a first predefined limit, and the control unit initiates the second filling operation if the ambient temperature is below the first predefined limit and the compressor runtime is below a minimum compressor runtime. Alternatively or additionally, the control unit initiates the second filling operation if the compressor outlet temperature is below a minimum compressor outlet temperature. Preferably, the compressor outlet temperature is measured by at least one temperature sensor. Furthermore, the control unit also initiates the first filling operation if the ambient temperature is above a second predefined limit and below the first predefined limit, and the compressor runtime is above a minimum compressor runtime.The second predefined limit value is lower than the first. Therefore, if the compressed air supplied by the compressor is heated due to a long compressor runtime, the first filling cycle can be initiated even below the first predefined limit value, as long as the ambient temperature is above the second predefined limit value and the compressor is supplying heated compressed air.
[0039] Embodiments of the invention are now described below with reference to the drawings and comparison with the prior art, some of which is also shown. These drawings are not necessarily to scale; rather, where explanatory, they are presented in a schematic and / or slightly distorted form. For further details regarding the teachings directly apparent from the drawings, reference is made to the relevant prior art. It should be noted that numerous modifications and changes concerning the form and details of an embodiment can be made without deviating from the general idea of the invention. The features of the invention disclosed in the description, the drawings, and the claims can be essential for the further development of the invention, both individually and in any combination.Furthermore, the invention encompasses all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the description, the drawing, and / or the claims. The general idea of the invention is not limited to the exact shape or detail of the preferred embodiment shown and described below, nor is it limited to an object that would be restricted compared to the object claimed in the claims. Where specified dimensioning ranges are given, values lying within the stated limits are also disclosed as limit values and may be used and claimed as desired.
[0040] Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in: Fig. 1: a vehicle schematically according to a preferred embodiment; Fig. 2: a compressed air supply system according to a first preferred embodiment; Fig. 3a: a compressed air supply system according to a second preferred embodiment in a first filling operation; Fig. 3b: the compressed air supply system according to Fig. 3a in a second filling plant; Fig. 3c: the compressed air supply system according to Fig. 3a in a regeneration plant; Fig. 4: a compressed air supply system according to a third preferred embodiment; Fig. 5: a compressed air supply system according to a fourth preferred embodiment; Fig. 6: a compressed air supply system according to a fifth preferred embodiment; Fig. 7: a pneumatic system with a compressed air supply system according to one of the Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 to Fig. 6 schematically; Fig. 8: a method for operating the pneumatic system according to Fig. 7 according to a first embodiment; Fig. 9: a method for operating a pneumatic system according to Fig. 7 according to a second preferred embodiment.
[0041] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a vehicle FZ. The vehicle FZ is specifically a passenger car P, which includes a pneumatic system PS and a control unit ECU. The control unit ECU is configured to control the pneumatic system PS.
[0042] Fig. Figure 2 shows a compressed air supply system 1000 with a compressor 100 for providing compressed air DL and a compressed air supply unit 200. The compressed air supply unit 200 is connected to the compressor 100 via a compressed air connection 1.
[0043] The compressor 100 comprises a reciprocating piston unit 110 and a motor 120 for driving the reciprocating pistons 110. The compressor 100 draws in ambient air U via an intake port 0, compresses it to an operating pressure, and supplies it as compressed air DL at the operating pressure at the compressed air port 1. Preferably, an air filter 0.1 is arranged between the compressor 100 and the intake port 0.
[0044] The compressed air supply system 200 includes a compressed air supply connection 2 and is configured to provide dried compressed air DL' at the compressed air supply connection 2. A pneumatic system 300 (see...) is connected to the compressed air supply connection 2. Fig. 7) connectable.
[0045] The compressed air supply system 200 further comprises a pneumatic main line 21, which extends from the compressed air connection 1 to the compressed air supply connection 2, and an air dryer 5 arranged in the pneumatic main line 21. The air dryer 5 is, in particular, a regenerative absorption air dryer. Furthermore, a condensation dryer 40 is arranged in the pneumatic main line 21 between the compressed air connection 1 and the air dryer 5. The condensation dryer 40 comprises a condensation cooler 41 and a separator 42, through which condensed moisture can be separated.
[0046] A self-opening check valve 43, which opens against pressure, is preferably arranged between the condensation dryer 40 and the air dryer 5. This check valve is designed to automatically open the pneumatic main line 21 when an opening pressure is exceeded. The opening pressure is the pressure present in a section of the pneumatic main line 21 between the check valve 43 and the condensation cooler 41. The check valve 43 is intended to prevent short circuits in the condensation dryer 40.
[0047] The air dryer 5 has an inlet opening 215 and an outlet opening 216 and is filled with drying granules 212. A throttle arrangement D, which in this case comprises a main line throttle 7, is also arranged between the air dryer 5 and the compressed air supply connection 2.
[0048] Preferably, a throttle valve 30 is also provided between the throttle arrangement D and the compressed air supply connection 2, which is configured to reduce the pressure of the dried compressed air DL' provided at the compressed air supply connection 2 to an operating pressure of the connected pneumatic system 300 (see figure). Fig. 7) to throttle.
[0049] The main pneumatic line 21 is connected to a vent port 3 via a vent path 13. The vent path 13 branches off from the main pneumatic line 21 between the air dryer 5 and the condensing air dryer 40 and comprises a first vent line 13.1 and a second vent line 13.2. A first vent valve EV1 is located in the first vent line 13.1 and a second vent valve EV2 is located in the second vent line 13.2. The vent valves EV1 and EV2 are preferably pneumatic switching valves, in particular 2 / 2-way valves.
[0050] The compressed air supply system 200 further comprises a regeneration path 211, which connects the compressed air connection 1 to the outlet opening 216 of the air dryer 5. The compressed air supply system 200 also comprises a filling path 210, which connects the compressed air connection 1 to the inlet opening 215, bypassing the condensation dryer 40.
[0051] The compressed air supply system 1000 is shown here in a filling operation BB. In filling operation BB, a connected pneumatic system 300 is filled (see figure). Fig. 7) Compressed air DL is supplied at the inlet opening 215 of the air dryer 5 and dried by the air dryer 5. The dried compressed air DL' is then routed via the main pneumatic line 21 and finally supplied at the compressed air supply connection 2.
[0052] In the pneumatic main line 21, a main line switching valve 238 is arranged upstream of the air dryer 5 in a filling direction B. The main line switching valve 238 is a 3 / 2-way valve configured to selectively open the pneumatic main line upstream of the air dryer 5 in filling direction B during filling operation BB.
[0053] The regeneration path 211 comprises a bypass line 20, which branches off from the main pneumatic line 21 at a first branch point Z1 between the compressed air connection 1 and the condensation dryer 40 and connects to a first connection point AN1. Furthermore, the regeneration path 211 comprises a branch line 22, which branches off from the main pneumatic line 21 at a second branch point Z2 between the first connection point AN1 and the inlet opening 215 of the air dryer 5 and reconnects to the main pneumatic line 21 at a second connection point AN2 between the outlet opening 216 of the air dryer 5 and the compressed air supply connection 2. The throttling arrangement D is thus located in the regeneration path 211, through which compressed air is supplied from the compressed air connection 1 to the outlet opening 216 of the air dryer.
[0054] The regeneration path 211 comprises a bypass switching valve 239, preferably a pneumatic switching element 230, arranged in the bypass line 20, and a regeneration switching valve 237 arranged in the branch line 22. The bypass switching valve 239 is preferably a 2 / 2-way valve, which is located in the Fig. In the switching position shown, the valve preferably opens in the filling direction B under pressure control. Furthermore, the regeneration switching valve 237 is preferably a 2 / 2-way valve. The regeneration path 211 can thus be selectively blocked and enabled by the pneumatic switching element 230 with the regeneration switching valve 237 and the bypass switching valve 239.
[0055] The compressed air supply system 1000 is preferably controllable by a control unit ECU. Particularly preferably, the control unit ECU communicates with one or more sensors 240.
[0056] Fig. Figures 3a to 3c show a further embodiment of the compressed air supply system 1000. Reference is made to the description of the compressed air supply system 1000 according to Fig. 2 was referred to and in particular the differences between the two embodiments were discussed.
[0057] The compressed air supply system 1000 according to Fig. Sections 3a to 3c of the pneumatic main line 21 have a throttling element 8 located between the first branch point Z1 and the first connection point AN1. The throttling element 8 is positioned between the first branch point Z1 and the condensation dryer 40. The throttling element 8 reduces the cross-sectional area of the pneumatic main line 21 upstream of the condensation dryer 40. Alternatively or additionally to the throttling element 8, the pre-tensioned check valve can be configured with a minimum opening pressure that is greater than the pressure drop in the bypass line 20. The compressed air DL supplied at the compressed air connection 1 preferably flows through the bypass line 20 when the bypass switching valve 239 opens the bypass line 20.
[0058] Furthermore, a main line backflow preventer 233 is preferably arranged in the pneumatic main line 21 between the main line throttle 7 and the second connection point AN2, which is designed to prevent an unintentional flow of compressed air from the branch line 22 into the pneumatic main line 21 and further to the air dryer 5.
[0059] The control unit ECU is specifically designed to monitor the ambient temperature T by means of at least one sensor 240. The control unit ECU is further designed to actuate the pneumatic switching element 230, comprising the regeneration switching valve 237 and the bypass switching valve 239, depending on the monitored ambient temperature T, in order to selectively activate the compressed air supply system 1000 during (first) filling operation BB (see figure). Fig. 3a), in the second filling operation (see Fig. 3b) or in regeneration mode RB (see Fig. 3c) to operate.
[0060] The control unit ECU controls the pneumatic switching element 230 for operating the compressed air supply system 1000 in the first filling operation BB, as in Fig. 3a shows the case where the ambient temperature T corresponds to at least a predefined limit value Tmin stored in the control unit ECU. In the first filling operation, the compressed air DL is, analogously to Fig. The air is routed from the condensation dryer 40 and the air dryer 5 through the main pneumatic line 21 to the compressed air supply connection 2. The bypass switching valve 239 blocks the bypass line 20, and the regeneration switching valve 237 blocks the branch line 22. The main line switching valve 238 and the main line backflow shut-off valve 233 are controlled by the ECU to release the main pneumatic line 21.
[0061] Fig. 3b shows the compressed air supply system according to Fig. 3a in a second filling operation BB2. The second filling operation BB2 is activated by the control unit ECU if the ambient temperature T is below the predefined limit Tmin. This includes a suitable temperature hysteresis, for example 1°C, to prevent so-called "toggling" during long-term operation at varying temperatures. In the second filling operation BB2, the control unit ECU activates the pneumatic switching element 230 such that the bypass switching valve 239 opens the bypass line 20. The second filling operation BB2 is activated, for example, if the ambient temperature T is below the predefined limit Tmin, whereby in the second filling operation BB2 the compressed air DL is routed to the inlet opening of the air dryer 5, bypassing the condensation dryer 40.Through the throttling element 8 in the pneumatic main line, the compressed air DL flows through the bypass line 20, bypassing the condensation dryer 40.
[0062] In the Fig. In the regeneration operation RB shown in Figure 3c, hot compressed air DL supplied by compressor 110 can be routed into the main pneumatic line 21 via bypass line 20 and branch line 22, which form sections of the regeneration path 211, bypassing the condensation dryer 40 and the air dryer 5. The compressed air DL then flows through bypass line 20 in the main pneumatic line 21 and is returned to the main pneumatic line 21 at the first connection point AN1. In addition to bypassing the condensation dryer 40, the compressed air DL also bypasses the throttling element 8. In the pneumatic main line 21, via the regeneration path section 22, the compressed air DL is guided in counterflow G - i.e. from the compressed air supply connection 2 towards the compressed air connection 1 - to the outlet opening 216 of the air dryer 5, flows through it and is then released to the environment U via the vent path 13.1 and the vent connection 3.
[0063] Fig. Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the compressed air supply system 1000. Reference is made to the description of the compressed air supply system 1000 according to Fig. 2 as well as, Fig. Reference was made to sections 3a to 3c, and only differences between the embodiments were discussed.
[0064] In the embodiment of the compressed air supply system 1000 according to Fig. 4 branches off the bypass line 20 from the pneumatic main line 21 at the first branch point Z1 between the compressed air connection 1 and the throttle element 8 and reconnects the main line throttle 7 to the pneumatic main line 21 at the first connection point AN1 between the compressed air supply connection 2 and the throttle arrangement D. In the embodiment shown according to Fig. 4 The main line backflow preventer 233 is preferably arranged between the main line throttle 7 and the first connection point AN1.
[0065] The first junction AN1 can preferably correspond to the second junction AN2.
[0066] By arranging the first connection point AN1 between the air dryer 5 and the compressed air supply connection 2, compressed air DL can be fed into the pneumatic main line 21 in counterflow G via the bypass line 20, bypassing the condensation dryer 40 and the air dryer 5 (see diagram). Fig. 3c) is routed downstream of the air dryer 5. From there, the compressed air DL can be routed through the air dryer 5 to regenerate the drying granules 212. Subsequently, the compressed air DL is discharged to the environment U via the venting path 13 with the venting lines 13.1, 13.2 and the venting connection 3.
[0067] Because the bypass line 20 reconnects to the pneumatic main line 21 at the first connection point AN1 between the main line backflow shut-off valve 233 and the compressed air supply connection 2, compressed air DL from the bypass line 20 can only be used for regeneration in counterflow G (see...). Fig. 3c) through the air dryer 5 so that the main line backflow shut-off valve 233 releases the pneumatic main line 21.
[0068] Fig. Figure 4 shows the compressed air supply system 1000 in a standby mode, the so-called idle operation IB, in which the regeneration path 211 and the filling path 210 are blocked by at least one pneumatic switching element 230, in this case the bypass shut-off valve 239 and the main line shut-off valve 238. Furthermore, the venting path 13 is preferably blocked by the venting valves EV1 and EV2, and the pneumatic main line 21 is blocked by the main line shut-off valve 238.
[0069] Fig. Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the compressed air supply system 1000. Identical or similar components are used in the Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to Fig. 5 identical reference numerals and reference is made to the above description of the embodiments according to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 to Fig. 4 was referred to and only differences were discussed.
[0070] The embodiment according to Fig. 5 largely corresponds to the embodiment of the compressed air supply system 1000 according to Fig. 4, wherein the bypass line 20 between the throttling arrangement D, in particular the main line throttle 7, and the main line backflow preventer 233 reconnects to the pneumatic main line 21 at the first connection point AN1. The length of the bypass line 20 is thus reduced, so that the compressed air DL cools down less on its way through the regeneration path 211 and thus hotter compressed air DL can be used to regenerate the drying granules 212 in the air dryer 5. This increases the efficiency of the regeneration.
[0071] Fig. Figure 5 shows the compressed air supply system 1000 in a standby mode, the so-called idle operation IB, in which the regeneration path 211 and the filling path 210 are blocked by at least one pneumatic switching element 230, in this case the bypass switching valve 239 and the regeneration switching valve 237. Furthermore, the venting path 13 is preferably blocked by the venting valves EV1 and EV2, and the main pneumatic line 21 is blocked by the main line shut-off valve 238.
[0072] Fig. Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the compressed air supply system 1000. Identical or similar components are used in the Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 to Fig. 6 identical reference numerals and reference is made to the preceding description of the embodiment according to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to Fig. 5 was referred to and only differences were discussed. The in Fig. The embodiment shown in Figure 6 largely corresponds to the compressed air supply system 1000 according to Fig. 2, where the position of the first junction AN1, which is in Fig. The first junction AN1 shown in section 5 corresponds to this.
[0073] In Fig. 6. In the embodiment according to Fig. 6 The bypass switching valve 239 is arranged at the first branch point Z1, which is designed as a 3 / 2-way valve 239a.
[0074] In a second switching position of the 3 / 2-way valve 239a (not shown), the compressed air connection 1 is connected to the pneumatic main line 21, so that compressed air DL can flow via the filling path 210 with the condensation dryer 40 and the air dryer 5 arranged therein, and as dried compressed air DL' in the compressed air supply connection 2 to supply a pneumatic system 300 (see figure). Fig. 7) can be provided.
[0075] Fig. Figure 6 shows the compressed air supply system 1000 in a standby mode, the so-called idle operation IB, in which the regeneration path 211 and the filling path 210 are blocked by at least one pneumatic switching element 230, in this case the bypass shut-off valve 239. Furthermore, the venting path 13 is preferably blocked by the venting valves EV1, EV2 and the pneumatic main line 21 is blocked by the main line shut-off valve 238.
[0076] Fig. Figure 7 shows an exemplary pneumatic system PS with a compressed air supply system 1000 comprising a compressor 100 and a compressed air supply system 200, and with a pneumatic system 300 connected to the compressed air supply system 1000.
[0077] The compressor 100 is equipped with an intake port 0 for drawing compressed air DL from the environment U via an intake line 10 in which an air filter 0.1 is arranged. The compressor 100 includes, by way of example, a reciprocating piston unit 110 and an electric motor 120 for driving the reciprocating piston unit. The compressor 100 is configured to supply the compressed air DL, compressed by the reciprocating piston unit 110, to a compressed air port 1. The compressed air supply system 200 is connected to the compressed air port 1 to receive the compressed compressed air DL.
[0078] The compressed air supply system 200 has, in addition to compressed air connection 1, a compressed air supply connection 2, to which the pneumatic system 300 is connected for receiving compressed air DL. The compressed air supply system 200 and the compressor 100 form the compressed air supply system 1000, which is designed according to the specifications in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 to Fig. 6 embodiments shown.
[0079] To vent the pneumatic system 300, compressed air DL is fed in a venting direction, i.e., counterflow G against the filling direction B, from the compressed air supply connection 2 into the pneumatic main line 21 and first flows through the throttle assembly D. The throttle assembly D expands the compressed air DL flowing in the venting direction E, thus reducing its relative humidity before the compressed air DL flows into the air dryer 5. In the air dryer 5, the dry compressed air DL flowing in the venting direction E absorbs some of the moisture contained in a drying granulate (see diagram). Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 to Fig. 6) bound moisture.
[0080] The compressed air DL returned in the venting direction E is then released to the environment U via the venting line 13.
[0081] The pneumatic system 300 is preferably a so-called "open" system, for example a sensor cleaning unit 301, or a "closed" system, such as a car level control device 302. In the case of an open system, such as the sensor cleaning device 301, compressed air DL for regenerating the air dryer 5 does not flow back from the actuators of the sensor cleaning device 301 itself, but can be supplied, for example, by a separately filled reservoir containing drier air. Alternatively, the dehumidification of the air dryer granules 212 in the regeneration mode described above can be carried out by the compressor. Furthermore, separate piping arrangements of the compressed air supply system 200 or the pneumatic system 300 for returning dried compressed air DL to the pneumatic main line 21 in counterflow G are possible.Corresponding arrangements are shown, for example, in the German patent applications with the application numbers 10 2023 119 856.4, 10 2023 119 858.0, 10 2023 119 855.6, 10 2023 119 857.2 and 10 2023 119 859.9.
[0082] In a level control system 302, dried compressed air DL is returned to the compressed air supply system 200 in the venting direction E for the purpose of venting, for example, air spring bellows (not shown).
[0083] Fig. Figure 8 shows a method 2000 for operating a pneumatic system PS, as it Fig. Figure 7 schematically shows how a compressed air supply system 1000 works. Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 to Fig. Show 6.
[0084] In an optional first step 2100, the procedure 2000 includes monitoring an ambient temperature T by the control unit ECU (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 to Fig. 6).
[0085] In a second step 2200, the procedure 2000 includes the operation of the compressed air supply system 1000 in a filling plant BB, in which the pneumatic system 300 (see Fig. 7) Compressed air DL is first fed via the filling path 210 to the condensation air dryer 40 and then to an inlet opening 215 of the air dryer 5, dried by the air dryer, and made available as dried compressed air DL' at the compressed air supply connection 2. Furthermore, in a third step 2300, the method 2000 comprises operating the compressed air supply system 1000 in a regeneration mode RB, in which compressed air DL, DL' is fed via the regeneration path 211 from the compressed air connection 1 to the outlet opening 216 of the air dryer 5 to regenerate the drying granules 212 of the air dryer 5, flows through the air dryer 5 in countercurrent flow, and is then preferably discharged to the environment U via the venting path 13 and the venting connection 3 (see Figure 2300). Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 to Fig. 6) is submitted.
[0086] It should be understood that the first step 2100, the second step 2200 and the third step 2300 do not have to be carried out consecutively.
[0087] Preferably, the method 2000 further comprises an optional fourth step 2400. The filling operation BB is a first filling operation, and the fourth step 2400 of the method 2000 comprises the operation of the compressed air supply system 1000 in a second filling operation BB2 (see...). Fig. 3B), in which compressed air is supplied to the pneumatic system 300 via the bypass line 20, bypassing the condensation air dryer 40, to the inlet opening 215 of the air dryer 5, dried by this and provided as dried compressed air DL' at the compressed air supply connection 2.
[0088] The control unit ECU, which monitors the ambient temperature T according to the first step 2100, initiates the first filling operation BB according to step 2200 if the ambient temperature T equals or exceeds a predefined limit Tmin. The control unit ECU initiates the second filling operation BB2 according to step 2400 if the ambient temperature T is below the predefined limit Tmin. This includes a suitable temperature hysteresis, for example 1°C, to prevent so-called "toggling" during long-term operation at fluctuating temperatures. At low ambient temperatures T below the predefined limit Tmin, the pneumatic system 300 is thus filled with dried compressed air DL', bypassing the condensation dryer 40. This prevents frost damage or other issues.Frost-related malfunctions on the condensation dryer 40 due to ambient temperatures T below the freezing point are avoided.
[0089] Fig. Figure 9 shows a second embodiment of the method 2000; identical or similar steps have identical reference numerals, and reference is made to the preceding description of the method according to Fig. 8. Reference is made to and only differences are discussed. In the first step 2100', the control unit ECU monitors not only the ambient temperature T but also the compressor runtime tv. The predefined limit value Tmin is a first predefined limit value, and a second limit value Tmin2 is also predefined in the control unit ECU. The control unit ECU initiates the second filling operation BB2 in step 2400 if the ambient temperature T is below the first predefined limit value Tmin and the compressor runtime tv is below a minimum compressor runtime tmin. The control unit ECU initiates the second filling operation BB2 in step 2400 alternatively or additionally if a compressor outlet temperature TV (cf. Fig. 7) is above a minimum compressor outlet temperature TV.
[0090] The control unit ECU initiates the first filling operation BB in step 2200 if the ambient temperature T is below the first predefined limit Tmin and above a second predefined limit Tmin2, and the compressor runtime tv is above a minimum compressor runtime tmin. The second predefined limit is lower than the first predefined limit Tmin. In this case, although the ambient temperatures T are low, they are above the second predefined limit. Therefore, there is no risk of frost damage to the condensation dryer 40, provided that the compressor 100 supplies heated compressed air DL at compressed air connection 1 due to an increased compressor runtime tv.
[0091] The control unit ECU also initiates the first filling operation BB in step 2200 independently of the compressor runtime tv in the event that the ambient temperature T is above the first predefined limit value tmin.
[0092] In summary, the compressed air supply system 1000 for a vehicle FZ, in particular passenger cars P, includes: - a compressor 100 for supplying compressed air DL, - a compressed air supply system 200 with a compressed air connection 1 for connection to the compressor 100, a compressed air supply connection 2 for providing dried compressed air DL' for a pneumatic system 300, a pneumatic main line 21 extending from compressed air connection 1 to compressed air supply connection 2, an air dryer 5 arranged in the pneumatic main line 21 and a condensation dryer 40 arranged between the compressed air connection 1 and the air dryer 5, wherein the air dryer 5 is set up to receive compressed air DL at an inlet opening 215 for filling the pneumatic system 300 in a filling operation BB and to receive compressed air DL, DL' at an outlet opening 216 for regenerating a drying granulate 212 in a regeneration operation BR.
[0093] According to the concept of the invention, the compressed air supply system 200 has a regeneration path 211 and a filling path 210, wherein in filling operation the filling path 210 connects the compressed air connection 1 with the inlet opening 215 and has the condensation dryer 40, and in regeneration operation the regeneration path 211 connects the compressed air connection 1 with the outlet opening 216, wherein the condensation dryer 40 can be bypassed as required in filling BB and regeneration RB operation via the switchable bypass path 20 and thus remains inoperative in these operating variants.
[0094] Other variations of the disclosed embodiments can be understood and carried out by a person skilled in the art when carrying out the claimed invention with reference to the drawings, the disclosure and the accompanying claims.
[0095] In the claims, the word "comprehensive" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality.
[0096] A single unit or device can perform the functions of several elements listed in the claims. The fact that certain measures are listed in different interdependent claims does not mean that a combination of these measures cannot be advantageous.
[0097] Any reference numerals in the claims are not to be understood as limiting the scope of application. Reference symbol list (part of the description) 0 Intake port 0.1 Air filter 1 compressed air connection 2 compressed air supply connections 3 vent connection 5 air dryers 7 Main line throttle 8 Throttle element 9 Regeneration throttle 10 Intake pipe 13 Vent line 13.1 Primary venting path 13.2 secondary venting path 14 Control pressure line 15 Valve vent line 20 Bypass lines 21 Pneumatic main line 22 pneumatic branch lines 30 Throttle valve 40 Condensation dryers 42 Separation organ 43 Check valve 100 compressors 110 piston units 120 engine 200 compressed air supply system 210 Filling path 211 Regeneration pathway 212 Desiccant granule filling 215 Entrance opening 216 Outlet opening 230 pneumatic switching element 233 Main line backflow preventer 237 Regeneration switching valve 238 Main line switching valve 239 Bypass switching valve 239a 3 / 2-way valve 240 sensors 300 pneumatic systems 301 Sensor cleaning device 1000 compressed air supply system 2000 procedures 2100 first step 2100' alternative first step 2200 second step 2300 third step AN1 junction ECU control unit Vehicle P Passenger cars PS Pneumatic System EV vent valve arrangement EV1, EV2 vent valves G Countercurrent B Filling direction BB Filling Plant BB2 second filling operation RB Regeneration Operation DL compressed air DL' dried compressed air Ambient temperature Tmin temperature limit TV compressor runtime TV compressor outlet temperature U surroundings Z1 first junction Z2 second junction AN1 first junction AN2 second junction QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION
[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature
[0000] DE 3919438 A1
[0005] DE 10 2004 056 883 A1
[0006] DE 10 2023 119 856.4
[0081] DE 10 2023 119 858.0
[0081] DE 10 2023 119 855.6
[0081] DE 10 2023 119 857.2
[0081] DE 10 2023 119 859.9
[0081]
Claims
[1] Compressed air supply system (1000) for a vehicle (FZ), in particular a passenger car (P), comprising: - a compressor (100) for providing compressed air (DL), - a compressed air supply system (200) with a compressed air connection (1) for connection to the compressor (100), a compressed air supply connection (2) for providing dried compressed air (DL) for a pneumatic system (300), a pneumatic main line (21) extending from the compressed air connection (1) to the compressed air supply connection (2), an air dryer (5) arranged in the pneumatic main line (21), and a condensation dryer (40) arranged between the compressed air connection (1) and the air dryer (5), wherein the air dryer (5) is configured to receive compressed air (DL) at an inlet opening (215) for filling the pneumatic system (300) in a filling operation (BB) and to receive compressed air (DL, DL') at an outlet opening (216) for regenerating a drying granulate (212) in a regeneration operation (BR), characterized by, that the compressed air supply system (200) has a regeneration path (211) and a filling path (210), wherein in filling operation (BB) the filling path (210) connects the compressed air connection (1) to the inlet opening (215) and has the condensation dryer (40), and in regeneration operation (BR) the regeneration path (211) connects the compressed air connection (1) to the outlet opening (216). [2] Compressed air supply system (1000) according to claim 1, wherein the compressed air supply system (200) further comprises at least one pneumatic switching element (230) for selectively blocking and releasing the filling path (210) and the regeneration path (211). [3] Compressed air supply system (1000) according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the regeneration path (211) comprises a bypass line (20) branching off from the pneumatic main line (21) at a junction (Z1) between the compressed air connection (1) and the condensation dryer (40). [4] Compressed air supply system (1000) according to claim 3, wherein the pneumatic switching element (230) comprises a bypass switching valve (239) arranged in the bypass line (20). [5] Compressed air supply system (1000) according to claim 3, wherein the pneumatic switching element (230) comprises a bypass switching valve (239) arranged at the branch point (Z1), which is designed as a 3 / 2-way valve (239a). [6] Compressed air supply system (1000) at least according to claim 3, wherein the branch point (Z1) is a first branch point (Z1) and the bypass line (20) connects to the main pneumatic line (21) at a first connection point (AN1) between the condensation dryer (40) and the air dryer (5), and wherein the regeneration path (211) further comprises a pneumatic branch line (22) which branches off from the main pneumatic line (21) at a second branch point (Z2) between the first connection point (AN1) and the air dryer (5) and connects to the main pneumatic line (21) between the outlet opening (216) of the air dryer (5) and the compressed air supply connection (2). [7] Compressed air supply system (1000) at least according to claim 3, wherein the bypass line (20) connects to the pneumatic main line (21) at a first connection point (AN1) between the air dryer (5) and the compressed air supply connection (2). [8] Compressed air supply system (1000) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one throttle arrangement (D) is in the regeneration path (211). [9] Compressed air supply system (1000) at least according to claim 3, wherein the throttle arrangement (D) comprises one or more of the following: - a main line throttle (7) which is arranged in the pneumatic main line (21) between the outlet opening (216) and the compressed air supply connection (2), - a bypass choke (9) which is arranged in the bypass line (20). [10] Compressed air supply system (1000) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the filling path (210) is longer than the regeneration path (211), in particular at least four times, and more preferably five times, the length of the regeneration path (211). [11] Compressed air supply system (1000) at least according to claim 3, wherein a throttling element (8) is arranged between the branch point (Z1) and the condensation dryer (40), which is designed to reduce a line cross-section (Q) of the pneumatic main line (21). [12] Pneumatic system (PS) for a vehicle (FZ), in particular a passenger car (P), with - a compressed air supply system (1000) according to one of the preceding claims, - a pneumatic system (300) connected to the compressed air supply system (1000), in particular a sensor cleaning device (301), and - a control unit (ECU) for controlling the compressed air supply system (1000). [13] Vehicle (FZ), in particular passenger car (P), with a pneumatic system (PS) according to claim 12. [14] Method (2000) for operating a pneumatic system (PS) according to claim 12, wherein the method (2000) comprises the steps: - Operation (2200) of the compressed air supply system (1000) in a filling operation (BB), in which compressed air (DL) is supplied via a filling path (210) first to the condensing air dryer (40) and then to the inlet opening (215) of the air dryer (5) to fill the pneumatic system (300), and - Operation (2300) of the compressed air supply system (1000) in a regeneration operation (RB) in which compressed air (DL, DL') is supplied to regenerate the drying granules (212) of the air dryer (5) via a regeneration path (211) from the compressed air connection (1) to the outlet opening (216) of the air dryer (5). [15] Method (2000) according to claim 14, wherein the regeneration path (211) comprises a bypass line (20) which branches off from the main pneumatic line (21) at a first branch point (Z1) between the compressed air connection (1) and the condensation dryer (40) and connects to the main pneumatic line (21) at a first connection point (AN1) between the condensation dryer (40) and the air dryer (5), and wherein the filling operation (BB) is a first filling operation (BB) and the method (2000) further comprises the operation (2400) of the compressed air supply system (1000) in a second filling operation (BB2) in which compressed air (DL) is supplied to the inlet opening (215) of the air dryer (5) via the bypass line (20) bypassing the condensing air dryer (40) for the purpose of filling the pneumatic system (300). [16] Method (2000) according to claim 15, further comprising: - Monitoring (2100) of an ambient temperature (T) by a control unit (ECU), wherein the control unit (ECU) initiates the first filling operation (BB) if the ambient temperature (T) is at least equal to a predefined limit (Tmin), and initiates the second filling operation (BB2) if the ambient temperature (T) is below the predefined limit (Tmin). [17] Method (2000) according to claim 16, further comprising: where the predefined limit (Tmin) is a first predefined limit, and the control unit (ECU) activates the second filling operation (BB2) in the event that the ambient temperature (T) is below the first predefined limit (Tmin) and a compressor runtime (tV) is above a minimum compressor runtime (tV) and / or a compressor outlet temperature (TV) is above a minimum compressor outlet temperature (TV), wherein the control unit (ECU) further activates the first filling operation (BB) in the event that the ambient temperature (T) is below the first predefined limit (Tmin) and above a second predefined limit (Tmin2) which is smaller than the first predefined limit (Tmin), and a compressor runtime (tV) is above a minimum compressor runtime (tV).