vehicle, especially two-wheeler or three-wheeler

Abstract

Vehicle (1) with several vehicle wheels (2, 3), a vehicle frame (6) having several frame parts (4, 5) arranged one behind the other in a longitudinal direction (x) of the vehicle, a front wheel guide (8) rotatably mounted on a front frame part (4) about a front steering axis (7), on which at least one front of the vehicle wheels (2) is rotatably mounted, a rear wheel guide (11) rotatably mounted on a rear frame part (5) about a rear steering axis (9) and connected to the front wheel guide (8), on which at least one rear of the vehicle wheels (3) is rotatably mounted, and a driver's seat (12), wherein the rear frame part (5) is pivotable about at least one axis of rotation (14) extending in a transverse direction (y) of the vehicle relative to the front frame part (4), the rear wheel guide (11) is connected to the front wheel guide (8) by a wheel guide connecting joint (10), and the driver's seat (12) is provided on one of the wheel guides. is.

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle with several vehicle wheels, a vehicle frame comprising several frame parts arranged one behind the other in a longitudinal direction, a front wheel guide rotatably mounted on a front of the frame parts about a front steering axis, on which at least one front of the vehicle wheels is rotatably mounted, a rear wheel guide rotatably mounted on a rear of the frame parts about a rear steering axis and connected to the front wheel guide, on which at least one rear of the vehicle wheels is rotatably mounted, and a driver's seat. DE 10 2016 001 843 A1 discloses a two-wheeled vehicle with a frame comprising a front head tube defining a front steering axis and on which a front fork tube with a front fork and a handlebar on which a handlebar is arranged is rotatably mounted, and a rear head tube defining a rear steering axis and on which a rear fork tube with a rear fork is rotatably mounted, wherein the rear fork tube is connected to the front fork tube via a coupling arrangement in the form of a pendulum support and is rotatable depending on the angle of rotation of the front fork tube. The front steering axis and the rear steering axis are inclined towards each other and intersect below the handlebar. The frame may also include a saddle and footrests.The aforementioned two-wheeler may exhibit unstable straight-line tracking, for example at higher speeds. Further vehicles are shown in CN 1 09 131 663 B, US 2003 / 0 042 701 A1 and US 4 219 209 A. Based on this, the invention is primarily aimed at ensuring stable straight-line tracking. This problem is solved according to the invention by a vehicle according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are given in the dependent claims and in the following description. A vehicle with several vehicle wheels, a vehicle frame having several frame parts arranged one behind the other in a longitudinal direction, a front wheel guide rotatably mounted on a front frame part about a front steering axis, on which at least one front of the vehicle wheels is rotatably mounted, a rear wheel guide rotatably mounted on a rear frame part about a rear steering axis and connected to the front wheel guide, on which at least one rear of the vehicle wheels is rotatably mounted, and a driver's seat, is further developed according to the invention in particular in that the rear frame part is pivotable about at least one axis of rotation extending in a transverse direction relative to the front frame part, the rear wheel guide is connected to the front wheel guide by a wheel guide connecting joint and the driver's seat is provided on one of the wheel guides. When a driver sits in the driver's seat, the driver's weight causes the rear frame section to be pushed upwards relative to the front frame section around at least one axis of rotation, thus forcing both wheel guides into a straight-ahead orientation via the wheel guide connection joint. This results in stable straight-line tracking. The vehicle is preferably assigned a longitudinal direction, which preferably corresponds to the aforementioned longitudinal direction. For example, a forward direction of travel of the vehicle, which is also referred to as the ordinary forward direction, runs in the longitudinal direction. The vehicle is preferably assigned a transverse direction, which preferably corresponds to the aforementioned transverse direction. The transverse direction runs, in particular, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Advantageously, the vehicle is also assigned a vertical direction. The vertical direction runs, in particular, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the vertical direction preferably runs perpendicular to the transverse direction. The expression "at least one" also has the meaning of "one" or "exactly one" and can, for example, be replaced by any of these expressions. Terms such as "front," "rear," "in front," and "behind" preferably refer to the vehicle's longitudinal direction and / or forward direction. Terms such as "above," "below," "on," "over," "under," "above," or "below" preferably refer to the vehicle's vertical direction. Advantageously, the vehicle is stationary or rolling with its wheels on a roadway. For example, the vehicle's longitudinal and transverse directions run parallel or substantially parallel to the roadway. The vehicle's vertical direction runs, for example, perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the roadway and preferably points away from the ground. The vehicle is preferably a single-track or multi-track vehicle, such as a three-track vehicle. The number of vehicle wheels is preferably two or three. In particular, the vehicle is a two-wheeler or a three-wheeler. According to a first possible variant, the vehicle is a two-wheeler. Preferably, the number of vehicle wheels is two. Preferably, one or more of the front vehicle wheels are rotatably mounted on the front wheel guide. Advantageously, one or more of the rear vehicle wheels are rotatably mounted on the rear wheel guide. According to a second possible variant, the vehicle is a three-wheeler. Preferably, the number of vehicle wheels is three. Preferably, two of the vehicle wheels are rotatably mounted on a two-wheeled wheel guide. The two-wheeled wheel guide is, for example, the front wheel guide or the rear wheel guide. Advantageously, a third of the vehicle wheels is rotatably mounted on a single-wheeled wheel guide. The single-wheeled wheel guide is, for example, the rear wheel guide or the front wheel guide. Preferably, the rear wheel guidance is connected to the front wheel guidance by the wheel guidance joint, preferably with respect to the vehicle's vertical direction, below the at least one axis of rotation and / or the vehicle frame. This helps, for example, to ensure that both wheel guidances are forced into the straight-ahead driving orientation by the mass of the driver and the wheel guidance joint. According to an advantageous embodiment, the rear wheel guide is directly connected to the front wheel guide via the wheel guide connecting joint. This preferably means that no additional joint is present between the wheel guide connecting joint and each wheel guide, advantageously along the shortest path between the wheel guide connecting joint and the respective wheel guide. The wheel guide joint preferably comprises a joint housing and an inner joint part, which preferably has a bearing body. Preferably, the inner joint part, advantageously with its bearing body, is movably and / or rotatably and / or pivotably mounted in the joint housing. Preferably, a bearing surface is provided in the joint housing, bearing against the inner joint part or the bearing body, preferably in a sliding manner. The bearing body is particularly rigidly connected to the inner joint part. Advantageously, the inner joint part extends out of the joint housing. Preferably, the joint housing is connected, e.g., directly, to a first of the wheel guides, particularly rigidly and / or in a fixed manner. Preferably, the inner joint part is connected, e.g., directly, to a second of the wheel guides, particularly rigidly and / or in a fixed manner. For example, the first wheel guide is the front wheel guide and the second wheel guide is the rear wheel guide. Alternatively, e.g.the first wheel guide is the rear wheel guide and the second wheel guide is the front wheel guide. Preferably, the wheel guidance joint has several, two, or three rotational degrees of freedom. Advantageously, the wheel guidance joint has no translational degrees of freedom. In other words, the wheel guidance joint is advantageously free of translational degrees of freedom and / or shear-free. The wheel guidance joint is preferably a ball joint. Preferably, the bearing body is or comprises a ball joint. Advantageously, the bearing surface is a spherical or hollow spherical bearing surface. Alternatively, the wheel guidance joint is, for example, a universal joint. Preferably, the rear frame section is pivotable relative to the front frame section in a longitudinal plane of the vehicle, particularly by virtue of its pivotability about at least one axis of rotation. This longitudinal plane of the vehicle extends, in particular, in both the longitudinal and vertical directions. Preferably, the front and rear frame sections are separate parts. Advantageously, the rear frame section is pivotably mounted on the front frame section about at least one axis of rotation. The number of frame sections is preferably two. According to an advantageous embodiment, the rear frame section is connected to the front frame section by a pivot joint. The axis of rotation of the pivot joint preferably extends in the transverse direction of the vehicle. Preferably, the axis of rotation of the pivot joint forms the at least one axis of rotation. For example, the pivot joint or the axis of rotation of the pivot joint defines the at least one axis of rotation. Preferably, the two wheel guides are connected to each other below the pivot joint, preferably with respect to one or more vertical directions of the vehicle, by the wheel guide connecting joint. The pivot joint can also be referred to, for example, as a hinge or hinge joint. Preferably, the pivot joint has, in particular, only one rotational degree of freedom. Advantageously, the pivot joint has no further degrees of freedom. Preferably, the steering axes are inclined relative to each other. Preferably, the steering axes, particularly in the vertical direction of the vehicle, are inclined towards each other. This also helps, for example, to ensure that the two wheel guides are forced into a straight-ahead driving orientation by the mass of the driver and the wheel guide joint. Advantageously, the two steering axes intersect above the axis of rotation. Each wheel guide can also be referred to as a wheel guide component, a wheel guide unit, or a fork. Preferably, each wheel guide has a fork or is formed by one. Advantageously, the wheel guides are each formed by a fork. Each fork can be referred to as a vehicle fork and / or a steering fork. These wheel guides or forks are, for example, bicycle forks. Especially with two-wheeled vehicles, it is common to refer to the steerable wheel guides as forks, such as bicycle forks or motorcycle forks. Preferably, at least one or each of the wheel guides, such as the front and / or rear wheel guide, includes at least one vehicle spring. Advantageously, the at least one or each wheel guide additionally includes at least one damper. A wheel guide equipped in this way is also referred to, for example, as a suspension fork. The driver's seat is also referred to as a saddle, for example. Preferably, the driver's seat is located at the front wheel arch. Preferably, the driver's seat is located on the front wheel arch. According to an advantageous embodiment, the vehicle has a steering device. Preferably, another of the wheel guides is rotatable about its steering axis by means of the steering device, particularly relative to the vehicle frame. Preferably, the rear wheel guide is rotatable about its rear steering axis by means of the steering device, particularly relative to the vehicle frame and / or the rear frame section. According to a first possible alternative, the steering device includes or is formed by a handlebar. Preferably, the handlebar is connected, preferably directly or indirectly, to the other or rear wheel guide. The indirect connection is achieved, for example, by a transmission or a mechanism. The handlebar preferably includes or is formed by a handlebar bracket. According to a second possible alternative, the steering device comprises at least one steering lever, which is mounted, for example, on one or the front wheel guide or on the vehicle frame, preferably pivotably. Advantageously, the at least one steering lever is connected to one or another of the wheel guides or to the rear wheel guide by at least one force transmission means, such as at least one tension element or a push-pull element. The at least one force transmission means is or comprises, for example, a cable, a pulley system, or a rod. Preferably, the steering device according to the second possible alternative comprises two steering levers, which are mounted, for example, on one or the front wheel guide or on the vehicle frame, preferably pivotably. Preferably, the steering levers are arranged on both sides of one or the front wheel guide and / or the vehicle frame, preferably with respect to the transverse direction of the vehicle.Advantageously, the steering levers are connected to one or more of the wheel guides or to the rear wheel guide by means of force transmission devices, such as traction devices or push-pull devices. Preferably, the force transmission devices are arranged on both sides of the other or rear wheel guide and / or the vehicle frame, particularly with respect to the vehicle's transverse direction. Each force transmission device is or comprises, for example, a cable, a pulley system, or a rod. Preferably, the vehicle includes a drive system by which at least one of the vehicle wheels can be driven. The drive system can be, for example, muscle-powered and / or motor-powered. The at least one vehicle wheel is preferably the at least one front vehicle wheel. Alternatively, the at least one vehicle wheel is, for example, the at least one rear vehicle wheel. According to an advantageous embodiment, the drive comprises cranks coupled to the at least one vehicle wheel, on which actuating elements, in particular rotatably mounted, are situated. The actuating elements are preferably pedals. Preferably, the at least one vehicle wheel is coupled directly or indirectly, or at least indirectly, to the cranks. For example, the at least one vehicle wheel is coupled to the cranks via a shaft or a traction drive. The traction drive is, for example, a chain drive or a belt drive. Preferably, the cranks are arranged, particularly with respect to the transverse direction of the vehicle, on both sides of the at least one vehicle wheel and / or the associated wheel guide and / or the traction drive. According to an advantageous embodiment, the vehicle or drive system comprises a motor, which is, for example, an electric motor or an internal combustion engine. Preferably, the motor is an auxiliary motor, such as an electric auxiliary motor. For example, at least one of the vehicle's wheels, preferably additionally, can be driven by the motor. According to a beneficial further education, the vehicle is a bicycle. The invention is described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a vehicle according to a first embodiment, Fig. 2 shows a partial top view of the vehicle according to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows an enlarged and partially sectioned view of the area designated by the letter “A” in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 shows a schematic side view of a vehicle according to a second embodiment. Figure 1 shows a vehicle 1 in the form of a bicycle according to a first embodiment, which has two vehicle wheels 2 and 3, a vehicle frame 6 having several frame parts 4 and 5 arranged one behind the other in a longitudinal direction x of the vehicle, a front wheel guide 8 in the form of a fork rotatably mounted on a front of the frame parts 4 about a front steering axis 7, on which at least one front of the vehicle wheels 2 is rotatably mounted, a rear wheel guide 11 in the form of a fork rotatably mounted on a rear of the frame parts 5 about a rear steering axis 9 and connected to the front wheel guide 8 by a wheel guide connecting joint 10, in particular directly, on which at least one rear of the vehicle wheels 3 is rotatably mounted, and a driver's seat 12 provided on the front wheel guide 8, wherein the rear frame part 5 is connected to the front frame part 4 by a pivot joint 13.whose axis of rotation 14 runs in a transverse direction y of the vehicle. The rear frame section 5 is thus pivotable relative to the front frame section 4 about the axis of rotation 14. The wheel guidance joint 10 is a ball joint and is arranged below the pivot joint 13 with respect to a vertical direction z of the vehicle. Furthermore, the steering axes 7 and 9 are inclined towards each other in the vertical direction z of the vehicle. The vehicle's longitudinal direction x, lateral direction y, and vertical direction z are schematically indicated in the form of a coordinate system. Furthermore, the forward direction 17 of vehicle 1 is shown. The vehicle 1 has a steering device 15 by means of which the rear wheel guide 11 can be rotated about the rear steering axis 9 relative to the vehicle frame 6 or the rear frame part 5. According to the first embodiment, the steering device 15 comprises a link 16 rigidly connected to the rear wheel guide 11. The vehicle has a drive 18 by means of which the front vehicle wheel 2 can be driven. The drive 18 comprises two cranks 19 rotatably mounted on the front wheel guide 8, on which pedals 20 are rotatably mounted. The cranks 19 are coupled to the front vehicle wheel 2 via a chain drive 21, in or on whose hub 22 a gearshift is preferably provided. Optionally, the drive 18 also has an auxiliary motor 30, which is preferably an electric auxiliary motor. Fig. 2 shows a top view of the vehicle 1, with the driver's seat 12 and the handlebars 16 only partially shown. The frame 6 is shown with its frame parts 4 and 5 connected to each other by the pivot joint 13. Other parts of vehicle 1 have been omitted from Fig. 2 for the sake of clarity. Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of the area designated by the letter "A" in Fig. 1, illustrating that the wheel guidance joint 10 comprises an inner joint part 23 with a bearing body 24 in the form of a ball joint, attached to the rear wheel guide 11, and a joint housing 25 attached to the front wheel guide 8. The inner joint part 23, with its bearing body 24, is slidably mounted in the housing 25 on a spherical bearing surface 26. To better illustrate the wheel guidance joint 10 and its mounting, it is shown in section in Fig. 3. Furthermore, areas of the rear wheel guide 11 that obscure the wheel guidance joint 10 have been omitted from Fig. 3. Figure 4 shows a vehicle 1 in the form of a bicycle according to a second embodiment, wherein features identical or similar to those of the first embodiment are designated with the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment. In contrast to the first embodiment, the steering device 15 has, instead of handlebars, two steering levers 28 pivotally mounted on the front wheel guide 8 by means of steering lever joints 27. These levers are arranged on both sides of the front wheel guide 8 and are connected to the rear wheel guide 11 by means of force transmission means 29. In Figure 4, the steering device 15 is shown only on one side of the vehicle 1, so that only one steering lever joint 27, one steering lever 28, and one force transmission means 29 are visible.Apart from these differences, the second embodiment is identical to the first embodiment, so for a further description of the second embodiment, reference is made to the description of the first embodiment. Reference symbol list 1 Vehicle 2 Front vehicle wheel 3 Rear vehicle wheel 4 Front frame section 5 Rear frame section 6 Vehicle frame 7 Front steering axle 8 Front wheel guide 9 Rear steering axle 10 Wheel guide connecting joint 11 Rear wheel guide 12 Driver's seat 13 Swivel joint 14 Pivot axis 15 Steering device 16 Handlebar 17 Forward direction 18 Drive 19 Crank 20 Pedal 21 Chain drive 22 Front vehicle wheel hub 23 Inner joint part 24 Bearing body of the inner joint part 25 Joint housing 26 Bearing surface 27 Steering lever joint 28 Steering lever 29 Power transmission means 30 Auxiliary motor x Longitudinal direction of vehicle y Transverse direction of vehicle z Vertical direction of vehicle

Claims

Vehicle (1) with several vehicle wheels (2, 3), a vehicle frame (6) having several frame parts (4, 5) arranged one behind the other in a longitudinal direction (x) of the vehicle, a front wheel guide (8) rotatably mounted on a front frame part (4) about a front steering axis (7), on which at least one front of the vehicle wheels (2) is rotatably mounted, a rear wheel guide (11) rotatably mounted on a rear frame part (5) about a rear steering axis (9) and connected to the front wheel guide (8), on which at least one rear of the vehicle wheels (3) is rotatably mounted, and a driver's seat (12), characterized in that the rear frame part (5) is pivotable about at least one axis of rotation (14) extending in a transverse direction (y) of the vehicle relative to the front frame part (4),the rear wheel guide (11) is connected to the front wheel guide (8) by a wheel guide connecting joint (10) and the driver's seat (12) is provided at one of the wheel guides. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear wheel guide (11) is connected below the axis of rotation (14) to the front wheel guide (8) by the wheel guide connecting joint (10). Vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rear wheel guide (11) is directly connected to the front wheel guide (8) by the wheel guide connecting joint (10). Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wheel guidance connection joint (10) is a ball joint. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear frame part (5) is connected to the front frame part (4) by a pivot joint (13) defining the at least one axis of rotation (14). Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driver's seat (12) is provided on the front wheel guide (8). Vehicle according to claim 6, characterized by a steering device (15) by means of which the rear wheel guide (11) is rotatable about the rear steering axis (9). Vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the steering device (15) has a control arm (16) directly or indirectly connected to the rear wheel guide (11). Vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the steering device (15) has at least one steering lever (28) mounted on the front wheel guide (8), which is connected to the rear wheel guide (11) by at least one force transmission means (29). Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle (1) is a two-wheeler or a three-wheeler.

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