COMMUNICATION METHOD, COMMUNICATION DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND TRAIN

Abstract

A communication method related to the field of optical fiber communication and applied to a processor (22) in a train car. The processor (22) is connected to an optical fiber ring network, and the processor (22) performs communication data interaction with a train communication device in a car and then performs communication data interaction in the form of an optical signal with the optical fiber ring network to implement communication between the train communication devices in different cars. Data transmission is performed via an optical fiber instead of a cable, so that communication data is not susceptible to loss and is immune to electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the communication quality of the train communication devices.Furthermore, the communication data of the multiple train communication devices is converted into optical signals and combined into a light beam for transmission, so that only one optical fiber ring network is required for the simultaneous data transmission of the multiple train communication devices without establishing multiple communication networks, thereby reducing the complexity of the in-train wiring environment and reducing the overall weight of the train. Furthermore, a communication device and a communication system, as well as a train, are provided.

Description

[0001] The present disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202211391359.7 entitled “COMMUNICATION METHOD, COMMUNICATION APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, AND TRAIN,” filed with the Chinese Patent Office on November 8, 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. AREA

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of train communication, and more particularly to a communication method, a communication apparatus, a communication system, and a train. BACKGROUND

[0003] A train is equipped with train communication devices, such as a multimedia system, a control system, and a monitoring system. With the increase in functions on the train, the train communication devices require large network bandwidth, which results in the communication network on the train being unable to ensure smooth communication of these train communication devices. To ensure smooth communication of the train communication devices, according to conventional technology, a separate and non-interference communication network is usually established for each type of train communication device, so that the communication data of different systems are transmitted through corresponding communication networks, thereby avoiding excessive network bandwidth of a single communication network and ensuring smooth communication of the train communication devices.However, establishing multiple communication networks requires laying a large number of cables, resulting in a complex cabling environment within the train. Furthermore, the overall weight of the train equipped with a large number of cables increases significantly, which is not conducive to reducing the train's weight. Furthermore, for a train communication device that performs long-distance communication within the train, the communication data is susceptible to loss and degradation by electromagnetic interference, resulting in poor communication quality of the train communication device. SUMMARY

[0004] According to the present disclosure, a communication method, a communication device, a communication system, and a train are provided to ensure that communication data is less susceptible to loss and degradation by electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the communication quality of train communication devices. Furthermore, according to the present disclosure, it is not necessary to establish multiple communication networks, thereby reducing the complexity of the wiring environment in the train and reducing the overall weight of the train.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present disclosure provides a communication method. The communication method is applied to a processor in a train car. The processor is connected to a fiber optic ring network.The communication method comprises: after receiving a first light beam in the fiber optic ring network, receiving all optical carrier signals containing communication data in the first light beam, determining an optical carrier signal required by a train communication device in the car in which the processor is located, transmitting the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device to the train communication device, wherein the train communication device generates an optical feedback signal based on the optical carrier signal, and synthesizing the optical feedback signal and all optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device into a second light beam and transmitting the second light beam to the fiber optic ring network.

[0006] Preferably, determining an optical carrier signal required by a train communication device in the car in which the processor is located and transmitting the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device to the train communication device comprises: determining a first wavelength of each of the optical carrier signals, determining a second wavelength of the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device, and transmitting an optical carrier signal having a first wavelength corresponding to the second wavelength from the optical carrier signals to the train communication device.

[0007] Preferably, obtaining all optical carrier signals containing communication data in the first light beam comprises: decomposing the first light beam into the optical carrier signals based on a corresponding relationship between predetermined wavelengths and communication data.

[0008] Preferably, decomposing the first light beam into the optical carrier signals comprises: decomposing the first light beam into the optical carrier signals by performing wavelength division multiplexing. Synthesizing the optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device into a second light beam comprises: synthesizing the optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device into a second light beam by wavelength division multiplexing.

[0009] If optical fibers in the optical fiber ring network are multi-core optical fibers, synthesizing the optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device into a second light beam and transmitting the second light beam to the optical fiber ring network preferably comprises: determining a first identifier corresponding to each of the optical fibers in the optical fiber ring network, determining a second identifier corresponding to the optical feedback signal and third identifiers corresponding to the optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device, synthesizing optical carrier signals each having a third identifier corresponding to the second identifier,from the optical carrier signals and the optical feedback signal to the second light beam and transmitting the second light beam to the optical fiber ring network via an optical fiber having a first identifier corresponding to the second identifier.

[0010] Preferably, the carriage further comprises a first fiber optic interface and a second fiber optic interface. The first fiber optic interface is connected via the fiber optic ring network to a second fiber optic interface of a carriage adjacent to the carriage, and the second fiber optic interface is connected via the fiber optic ring network to a first fiber optic interface of another carriage adjacent to the carriage. Before obtaining all optical carrier signals containing the communication data in the first light beam, the communication method further comprises: configuring the second fiber optic interface of the carriage to operate in a virtual separation mode. Then, obtaining all optical carrier signals containing the communication data in the first light beam.

[0011] Preferably, transmitting the second light beam to the fiber optic ring network comprises determining a target vehicle requiring receipt of the optical feedback signal and transmitting the second light beam to the fiber optic ring network via the first fiber optic interface. After transmitting the second light beam to the fiber optic ring network via the first fiber optic interface, the communication method further comprises determining whether the target vehicle successfully received the second light beam, and configuring the second fiber optic interface of the vehicle to operate in a connection mode such that the second light beam is transmitted to the fiber optic ring network via the second fiber optic interface if the target vehicle did not successfully receive the second light beam.

[0012] According to the present disclosure, a communication device is further provided. The communication device comprises a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program. The processor is configured to execute the communication method described above when executing the computer program.

[0013] According to the present disclosure, a communication system is further provided. The communication system includes the communication device described above. The communication system further comprises: optical fibers, an optical transceiver, and a signal interaction module. The optical fibers are configured to form an optical fiber ring network. The optical transceiver is configured to receive a first light beam in the optical fiber ring network via the optical fibers and transmit the first light beam to the communication device, and to transmit a second light beam emitted by the communication device to the optical fiber ring network via the optical fibers.The signal interaction module is configured to transmit an optical carrier signal transmitted from the communication device to a train communication device of a train and to transmit communication data generated by the train communication device based on the optical carrier signal to the communication device.

[0014] Preferably, the communication device further comprises a photoelectric conversion module. The photoelectric conversion module is arranged between the communication device and the signal interaction module. The photoelectric conversion module is configured to convert an optical carrier signal in the form of an optical signal, transmitted from the communication device, into an optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal, and to transmit the optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal to the signal interaction module, and to convert communication data in the form of an electrical signal, transmitted from the signal interaction module, into an optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal, and to transmit the optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal to the communication device.

[0015] Preferably, the photoelectric conversion module comprises a photoelectric converter and a differential conversion module. The photoelectric converter is configured to convert the optical carrier signal in the form of an optical signal transmitted from the communication device into a first differential signal in the form of an electrical signal, and to convert a second differential signal in the form of an electrical signal transmitted from the differential conversion module into the optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal, and to transmit the optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal to the communication device.The differential converter module is configured to convert the first differential signal in the form of an electrical signal into an optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal and to transmit the optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal to the signal interaction module and to convert the communication data in the form of an electrical signal transmitted by the signal interaction module into a second differential signal in the form of an electrical signal.

[0016] According to the present disclosure, a train is also provided. The train includes a plurality of cars and the communication system described above. The communication system is arranged in each of the cars.

[0017] According to the present disclosure, a communication method, a communication device, a communication system, and a train related to the field of optical fiber communication are provided. The communication method is applied to a processor in a train car. The processor is connected to an optical fiber ring network. After receiving a first light beam in the optical fiber ring network, all optical carrier signals containing communication data in the first light beam are obtained. An optical carrier signal required by a train communication device in the car in which the processor is located is determined from the optical carrier signals.The optical carrier signal required by the train communication device is transmitted to the train communication device, so that the train communication device generates an optical feedback signal based on the optical carrier signal. The optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device are then synthesized into a second light beam, and the second light beam is transmitted to the optical fiber ring network. Data transmission occurs via optical fibers instead of cables, so the communication data is less susceptible to loss and degradation by electromagnetic interference, thus improving the communication quality of train communication devices.In addition, the communication data of multiple train communication devices are converted into optical signals and then synthesized into a light beam for transmission, and instead of multiple communication networks, only a single optical fiber ring network is established to carry out the simultaneous data transmission of multiple train communication devices, thereby reducing the complexity of the wiring environment in the train and reducing the overall weight of the train. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces drawings to be used in the conventional art or the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below only show some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain additional drawings based on the provided drawings without creative effort. Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a communication method according to the present disclosure; Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber ring network according to the present disclosure; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-core optical fiber according to the present disclosure; Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-core optical fiber according to the present disclosure; Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to the present disclosure; Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to the present disclosure; and Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a differential converter module according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] According to the present disclosure, a communication method, a communication device, a communication system, and a train are provided. Communication data is less susceptible to loss and degradation by electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the communication quality of train communication devices. Furthermore, it is not necessary to establish multiple communication networks, thereby reducing the complexity of the wiring environment in the train and reducing the overall weight of the train.

[0020] In order to clarify the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is obvious that the embodiments described below represent only some embodiments of the present disclosure and not all embodiments. Any other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present disclosure without creative work fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0021] With reference to Fig. 1 is Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a communication method according to the present disclosure. The communication method is applied to a processor in a train car. The processor is connected to a fiber optic ring network. The communication method comprises the following steps S1 to S4.

[0022] In step S1, after receiving a first light beam in the optical fiber ring network, all optical carrier signals containing communication data in the first light beam are received.

[0023] In step S2, an optical carrier signal required by a train communication device in the car in which the processor is located is determined.

[0024] In step S3, the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device is transmitted to the train communication device, so that the train communication device generates an optical feedback signal based on the optical carrier signal.

[0025] In step S4, the optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device are synthesized into a second light beam, and the second light beam is transmitted to the optical fiber ring network.

[0026] The conventional train system includes train communication devices such as the multimedia system, the control system, and the monitoring system. Due to the limited network bandwidth of trains, supporting the data transmission of all train communication devices through a single cable is difficult. Therefore, in conventional technology, each type of train communication device is usually independently networked as a standalone communication network system. For example, for conventional trains, cables supporting a transmission bandwidth of 100 Mbps and 1000 Mbps are generally used for networking. However, the monitoring system alone requires data transmission via Ethernet with a transmission rate of 1000 Mbps, that is, cables with a bandwidth of approximately 1000 Mbps. Therefore, a single cable cannot support the data transmission of all train communication devices.Each type of train communication device on the train requires an independent communication network, and different communication networks do not interfere with each other. Although this ensures that all train communication devices can perform normal data transmission, each type of train communication device is independently networked, and a set of cables must be established for each type of train communication device. Therefore, numerous sets of cables are arranged on the train, and each set of cables connects the cables of all cars on the train, resulting in a complex wiring environment on the train. In addition, a large number of cables significantly increases the overall weight of the train.Since cables with higher transmission rates or bandwidths have poorer interference protection capabilities and communication data is subject to greater losses and interference over longer transmission distances in cables, the communication qualities of train communication devices are poor during long-distance data transmission on the train.

[0027] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present disclosure uses optical fibers instead of cables for transmission. The bandwidth of a single optical fiber can reach tens of THz, which is significantly higher than the bandwidth of a cable, which is only 100M or 1000M. A single optical fiber can support data transmission for all networks on the train. In addition, the optical fiber has low signal loss. For example, for an 800MHz signal, the signal loss per kilometer for a cable transmitting the 800MHz signal is more than 40dB, while the signal loss per kilometer for an optical fiber transmitting the 800MHz signal is only 0.2dB. Furthermore, transmission via the optical fiber is not affected by electromagnetic interference.Instead of transmitting data using a separate set of cables through each network, all networks share a single fiber optic cable for data transmission, reducing the complexity of the cabling and significantly reducing the overall weight of the train, while further improving the quality of data transmission.

[0028] Since the processors in each car are connected in series via optical fibers to form a communication network, if a processor is disconnected, the communication line between two processors adjacent to it is interrupted, making it impossible for the two processors to communicate with each other. Therefore, based on the series connection, a fiber output port of the last car is connected to a fiber input port of the first car to form a fiber optic ring network. With reference to Fig. 2 is Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber ring network according to the present disclosure. In practical applications, a standard transmission direction of a light beam can be determined in advance based on the arrangement order of the carriages. When a processor of a subject carriage transmits communication data to a processor of another carriage, if the processor of the subject carriage detects that a processor of one carriage is disconnected between the two carriages, the processor of the subject carriage can transmit communication data to the processor of the other carriage in a direction opposite to the standard transmission direction, thereby performing normal communication between the processors of the two carriages even if one processor is disconnected.For example, assume that there are four cars A, B, C, and D, the optical fiber ring network of the four cars is ABCDA, and the default transmission direction of the light beam is set from A to D. When a processor of car A requires the transmission of communication data to a processor of car C, the communication data is transmitted along a path ABC by default. If it is determined that a processor of car B is disconnected, the processor of car A can transmit communication data to the processor of car C according to a direction opposite to the default transmission direction, that is, along a path ADC, so that the processors of cars A and C can communicate normally if the processor of car B is disconnected.

[0029] To transmit data from all systems over a single optical fiber, according to the present disclosure, optical carrier signals with different characteristics can be defined in advance for the train communication devices. For example, optical carrier signals with different characteristics, such as wavelengths, wave speeds, or light intensities, are defined for the train communication devices. In practical applications, data is transmitted over optical fibers, and all the different optical carrier signals are synthesized into a light beam and then transmitted over a single optical fiber. For a processor of each car, the processor is connected to all train communication devices in the respective car and to the optical fiber ring network.When a train communication device of another car transmits communication data to a train communication device of the car in question, an optical carrier signal containing the communication data is transmitted in the optical fiber ring network. After receiving a first light beam containing the optical carrier signal, the processor can split the first light beam into multiple optical carrier signals containing communication data, and the processor can obtain the optical carrier signal from the multiple optical carrier signals, that is, it can determine the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device. The optical carrier signal is then transmitted to the train communication device. Thus, train communication devices of this type communicate with each other between different cars.When a train communication device requires the transmission of communication data and needs to perform communication feedback, the train communication device can generate the communication data or feedback data and convert the communication data and feedback data into an optical carrier signal. The processor receives the optical carrier signal and then synthesizes the optical carrier signal and the optical carrier signals obtained by decomposition and not required by the train communication device in the car into another light beam, i.e., a second light beam. The processor then transmits the second light beam to the optical fiber ring network, so that the optical carrier signal can be transmitted to a car that requires communication or feedback.

[0030] In summary, after receiving a first light beam in the fiber optic ring network, all optical carrier signals containing communication data in the first light beam are received. An optical carrier signal required by a train communication device in the car containing the processor is determined from the optical carrier signals. The optical carrier signal required by the train communication device is transmitted to the train communication device, so that the train communication device generates an optical feedback signal based on the optical carrier signal. Subsequently, the optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device are synthesized into a second light beam, and the second light beam is transmitted to the fiber optic ring network.Data transmission is achieved using optical fibers instead of cables, making communication data less susceptible to loss and degradation by electromagnetic interference, thus improving the communication quality of train communication devices. Furthermore, the communication data of multiple train communication devices is converted into optical signals and then synthesized into a light beam for transmission. A single optical fiber ring network is established instead of multiple communication networks to simultaneously transmit data to multiple train communication devices, thereby reducing the complexity of the wiring environment in the train and reducing the overall weight of the train.

[0031] Based on the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device in the car in which the processor is located is determined and the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device is transmitted to the train communication device by determining a first wavelength of each of the optical carrier signals, determining a second wavelength of the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device, and transmitting an optical carrier signal having a first wavelength corresponding to the second wavelength from the optical carrier signals to the train communication device.

[0032] According to the present disclosure, the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device can be determined based on a wavelength of light, since wavelength is an obvious characteristic of light and can be easily measured. Specifically, a light beam transmitted over an optical fiber contains multiple optical carrier signals, which is equivalent to a non-zero voltage signal being present in a cable, and the voltage signal actually being formed by multiple communication data signals in electrical form. To determine the correspondence between the optical carrier signal and the communication data transmitted by a train communication device type, different optical wavelengths can be predefined for the different train communication devices. Each train communication device type thus corresponds to an optical carrier signal with a specific wavelength.When transmitting optical carrier signals from multiple train communication devices in an optical fiber, the light beam in the optical fiber corresponds to a light beam containing multiple optical carrier signals with different wavelengths. When it is necessary to determine which optical carrier signals in this light beam are required by the train communication device, the first wavelengths of the optical carrier signals can be detected, since it is known that the wavelength corresponding to the train communication device is the second wavelength. Then, an optical carrier signal with a first wavelength corresponding to the second wavelength of the train communication device is determined as the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device. With reference to . Fig. 3 is Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-core optical fiber according to the present disclosure. An optical carrier signal having a specific wavelength can be defined in advance for each of the train communication devices. A control data stream transmitted by the control system may correspond to an optical carrier signal having a wavelength of λ1, the monitoring system may correspond to an optical carrier signal having a wavelength of λ4, and the like. After receiving a light beam, if it is determined that the light beam contains an optical carrier signal having a wavelength of λ1, it can be determined that the optical carrier signal is an optical carrier signal required by the control system. Therefore, the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device can be easily and accurately determined based on the wavelength of the optical carrier signal.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, all optical carrier signals containing communication data in the first light beam are obtained by decomposing the first light beam into the optical carrier signals based on a corresponding relationship between predetermined wavelengths and communication data.

[0034] In order to precisely decompose the first light beam, according to the present disclosure, a light beam can be decomposed based on a corresponding relationship between wavelengths and communication data, since the light beam actually includes multiple optical carrier signals with different wavelengths. Specifically, based on the corresponding relationship between the predetermined wavelengths and the communication data, it can be seen that the control system corresponds to the optical carrier signal with the wavelength λ1, the monitoring system corresponds to the optical carrier signal with the wavelength λ4, and the like. It should be noted that in practical applications, it is difficult to ensure that the optical carrier signals transmitted from the train communication device have the same wavelength. It is possible to configure a range for the wavelengths of each type of train communication device.Therefore, wavelengths such as λ1 or λ4 actually refer to a wavelength range, not to an exact wavelength value. For example, λ1 actually refers to an optical carrier signal in a wavelength range of 1300 nm to 1350 nm, not to an optical carrier signal with a wavelength of 1300 nm. Therefore, the light beam can be decomposed based on wavelength ranges to obtain optical carrier signals in different wavelength ranges, thereby precisely decomposing the first light beam.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the first light beam is decomposed into the optical carrier signals by wavelength division multiplexing. The optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device are synthesized into a second light beam by wavelength division multiplexing the optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device into the second light beam.

[0036] To easily split and synthesize light beams, according to the present disclosure, a light beam can be split by wavelength demultiplexing, and light beams can be synthesized by wavelength division multiplexing. Wavelength division multiplexing is a technique in which multiple optical carrier signals with different wavelengths are synthesized and then coupled to the same optical fiber for transmission. Wavelength demultiplexing is a technique in which light in an optical fiber is split into optical carrier signals with different wavelengths. Specifically, for wavelength division multiplexing, a low-loss window of an optical fiber is divided into multiple channels with different wavelengths based on wavelength.After receiving the optical carrier signals from the train communication devices, the optical carrier signals are synthesized at different wavelengths and then transmitted to an optical fiber using a wavelength division multiplexer for transmission to a beam transmission terminal. Similar to wavelength division multiplexing, wavelength demultiplexing splits a light beam into optical carrier signals of different wavelengths using a wavelength demultiplexer, and then transmits the optical carrier signals of different wavelengths to the corresponding train communication devices. Furthermore, compared to other light beam splitting and synthesizing techniques, wavelength division multiplexing and wavelength demultiplexing are performed using passive devices and do not require additional power supplies, thereby reducing the overall power consumption of the trains.Therefore, light beams can be easily split and synthesized by wavelength division multiplexing and wavelength demultiplexing.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, if the optical fibers in the optical fiber ring network are multi-core optical fibers, the optical feedback signal and all optical carrier signals that are not required by the train communication device are synthesized into the second light beam and the second light beam is transmitted to the optical fiber ring network by determining a first identifier corresponding to each of the optical fibers in the optical fiber ring network, a second identifier corresponding to the optical feedback signal, and third identifiers corresponding to the optical carrier signals that are not required by the train communication device, from the optical carrier signals, optical carrier signals each having a third identifier corresponding to the second identifier,and the optical feedback signal is synthesized into the second light beam and the second light beam is transmitted to the optical fiber ring network via an optical fiber having a first identifier corresponding to the second identifier.

[0038] Over time, various train communication devices in trains may require a large network bandwidth, and a single optical fiber may not be able to simultaneously transmit communication data of all train communication devices. To improve the bandwidth of the optical fiber ring network, according to the present disclosure, multi-core optical fibers may be used instead of single-core optical fibers in the optical fiber ring networks. Each of the cores of a multi-core optical fiber may serve as a transmission path for communication data. Each of the cores of the multi-core optical fiber transmits communication data of only one type of train communication device. With reference to Fig. 4 is Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-core optical fiber according to the present disclosure. The multi-core optical fiber includes four cores for transmitting communication data from four types of communication systems. In practical applications, when synthesizing the optical feedback signal and the optical carrier signals into the second light beam, the optical feedback signal of the train communication device and the optical carrier signals of the train communication device can be synthesized into a second light beam containing only the optical carrier signals of the train communication device, and then the second light beam is transmitted to the optical fiber ring network via an optical fiber core corresponding to the train communication device. Although the number of cores of the optical fiber is increased, the optical fiber corresponds to a multi-core optical cable.Compared with the arrangement of multiple groups of communication networks and multiple sets of cables in the conventional technology, the multi-core optical fiber communication method according to the present disclosure offers the advantages of simple wiring, reduced train weight, and improved communication quality. Therefore, in the multi-core optical fiber, the communication data of different train communication devices is transmitted using different optical fiber cores, increasing the bandwidth of the optical fiber ring network and ensuring smooth communication of the train communication devices.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the carriage further comprises a first fiber optic interface and a second fiber optic interface. The first fiber optic interface is connected via the fiber optic ring network to a second fiber optic interface of a carriage adjacent to the carriage, and the second fiber optic interface is connected via the fiber optic ring network to a first fiber optic interface of another carriage adjacent to the carriage. Before all optical carrier signals containing the communication data in the first light beam are obtained, the communication method further comprises: configuring the second fiber optic interface of the carriage to operate in a virtual separation mode. Then, all optical carrier signals containing the communication data in the first light beam are obtained.

[0040] To ensure normal transmission of light beams and optical carrier signals, according to the present disclosure, each of the processors receives a first light beam in an optical fiber and transmits a second light beam through the optical fiber. Therefore, in actual application scenarios, a large number of optical signals are transmitted through an optical fiber. Furthermore, since the optical fiber ring network is a head-to-tail signal transmission line without a line start and end point, in such a circular transmission line, a light beam transmitted from each of the processors is repeatedly transmitted through the optical fiber, and each of the processors in the optical fiber ring network repeatedly receives the same optical carrier signal and repeatedly transmits a second light beam to the optical fiber ring network, resulting in serious outages due to broadcast storms.To avoid broadcast storms and ensure the normal transmission of optical carrier signals, the fiber optic ring network must be actively interrupted to avoid the ring structure. Specifically, each of the cars is equipped with two fiber optic interfaces, and one of the cars housing the processors can be defined as the main car. For example, the driver's cab or monitoring room can be defined as the main car, and one of the fiber optic interfaces of the main car is simulated to be in disconnected mode, i.e., the second fiber optic interface of the main car is configured to operate in a virtual disconnected mode. For example, it is possible to place a selector switch or an input resistor on the second fiber optic interface.The second fiber optic interface can be configured to operate in virtual separation mode by turning the selector switch on or off or increasing the input resistance, so that the fiber optic ring network is configured to have a linear structure, thereby avoiding repeated transmission of the light beams and optical carrier signals in the fiber optic ring network and ensuring the normal transmission of the light beams and optical carrier signals. Furthermore, to ensure the integrity of the fiber optic ring network, it is only necessary to configure a second fiber optic interface of a car to operate in virtual separation mode to control the fiber optic ring network to have a linear structure without configuring the second fiber optic interfaces of multiple cars to operate in virtual separation mode.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the second light beam is transmitted to the fiber optic ring network by determining a destination vehicle requiring receipt of the optical feedback signal and transmitting the second light beam to the fiber optic ring network via the first fiber optic interface. After transmitting the second light beam to the fiber optic ring network via the first fiber optic interface, the communication method further comprises: determining whether the destination vehicle successfully received the second light beam, and configuring the second fiber optic interface of the vehicle to operate in a connection mode such that the second light beam is transmitted to the fiber optic ring network via the second fiber optic interface if the destination vehicle did not successfully receive the second light beam.

[0042] In the present disclosure, to ensure normal transmission of light beams and optical carrier signals, since the second optical fiber interface of the main car is virtually disconnected, the optical fiber ring network operates in a linear structure, and the processors of two cars can only communicate with each other in one direction. During communication between the two processors, if a processor of one car is disconnected between two cars in which the two processors are respectively arranged, the optical fiber ring network is disconnected at two positions to have a two-line structure, and the two processors cannot communicate with each other. Thus, if an optical fiber interface has been virtually disconnected and an actual line-opening fault occurs, the two processors cannot communicate with each other.Therefore, the second fiber optic interface of the main car can be restored to a normal connection mode after an actual line disconnection fault. For example, the selector switch on the second fiber optic interface can be turned on or the input resistance can be reduced to control the second fiber optic interface to switch from the virtual disconnection mode to the normal connection mode. In this way, the fiber optic ring network is converted from a two-line structure to a single-line structure. Then, communication between two processors of any two cars on either side of the car containing the disconnected processor can be restored after the transmission direction of the processors is changed, ensuring the normal transmission of light beams and optical carrier signals.

[0043] With reference to Fig. 5 is Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to the present disclosure. The communication device includes a memory 21 and a processor 22. The memory 21 stores a computer program. The processor 22 is configured to execute the communication method described above when executing the computer program.

[0044] For detailed descriptions of the communication device according to the present disclosure, reference may be made to the above embodiments of the communication method, which are not repeated here.

[0045] With reference to Fig. 6 is Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to the present disclosure. The communication system includes the communication device 32, optical fibers 35, an optical transceiver 31, and a signal interaction module 34.

[0046] The optical fibers 35 are designed to form an optical fiber ring network.

[0047] The optical transceiver 31 is configured to receive a first light beam in the optical fiber ring network via the optical fibers 35 and transmit the first light beam to the communication device 32 and to transmit a second light beam emitted from the communication device 32 to the optical fiber ring network via the optical fibers 35.

[0048] The signal interaction module 34 is configured to transmit an optical carrier signal transmitted from the communication device 32 to a train communication device of a train and to transmit communication data generated by the train communication device based on the optical carrier signal to the communication device 32.

[0049] For detailed descriptions of the communication system according to the present disclosure, reference may be made to the above embodiments of the communication method, which are not repeated here.

[0050] To ensure normal communication of train communication devices, in the present disclosure, a processor performs data interaction with train communication devices via the signal interaction module 34, that is, interaction of optical carrier signals and optical feedback signals. The processor receives a light beam in the optical fiber ring network via the optical transceiver 31. Multiple optical transceivers 31 may be arranged, and one of the multiple optical transceivers 31 is defined as the main optical transceiver 31. In normal operation scenarios, only the main optical transceiver 31 is used for the communication device 32, without using the other inactive optical transceivers 31, which receives the first light beam from the optical fiber ring network and transmits the second light beam to the optical fiber ring network.If the communication device 32 cannot perform data interaction with the optical fiber ring network via the main optical transceiver 31 due to a line break or failure of the main optical transceiver 31, or for other reasons, one of the other inactive optical transceivers 31 can be defined as the new main optical transceiver 31. Furthermore, when forming the optical fiber ring network, multiple optical transceivers 31 can be arranged at both ends of each car for communication between the car and the cars adjacent to the car. Therefore, multiple optical transceivers 31 can be arranged, and a backup optical transceiver 31 can be defined as the new main optical transceiver 31 in case the original main optical transceiver 31 fails, thereby ensuring normal communication of the train communication devices.

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, the communication system further comprises a photoelectric conversion module 33. The photoelectric conversion module 33 is arranged between the communication device 32 and the signal interaction module 34. The photoelectric conversion module 33 is configured to convert an optical carrier signal in the form of an optical signal, which is transmitted from the communication device 32, into an optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal and to transmit the optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal to the signal interaction module 34, and to convert communication data in the form of an electrical signal, which is transmitted from the signal interaction module 34, into an optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal and to transmit the optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal to the communication device 32.

[0052] In order for the train communication device to normally receive optical carrier signals, the present disclosure assumes that due to the different models and configurations of train communication devices used in practical applications, some train communication devices cannot perform photoelectric conversion and therefore cannot receive optical carrier signals transmitted from the communication device 32. Therefore, a photoelectric conversion module 33 may be arranged between the communication device 32 and the signal interaction module 34, and the signal interaction module 34 switches from transmitting optical signals to transmitting electrical signals.In the communication device 32 that transmits an optical carrier signal to a train communication device, the photoelectric conversion module 33 converts the optical carrier signal into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the signal interaction module 34. The signal interaction module 34 then transmits the electrical signal to the train communication device. Similarly, after a train communication device receives an optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal and generates a feedback signal, the signal interaction module 34 receives the feedback signal and transmits the feedback signal to the photoelectric conversion module 33. The photoelectric conversion module 33 converts the feedback signal into an optical feedback signal and then transmits the optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal to the communication device 32.Therefore, the train communication devices that cannot perform photoelectric conversion can receive optical carrier signals normally with the photoelectric conversion module.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the photoelectric conversion module 33 comprises a photoelectric converter and a differential converter module.

[0054] The photoelectric converter is configured to convert the optical carrier signal in the form of an optical signal transmitted from the communication device 32 into a first differential signal in the form of an electrical signal and to convert a second differential signal in the form of an electrical signal transmitted from the differential converter module into the optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal and to transmit the optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal to the communication device 32.

[0055] The differential converter module is configured to convert the first differential signal in the form of an electrical signal into an optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal and to transmit the optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal to the signal interaction module 34 and to convert the communication data in the form of an electrical signal transmitted from the signal interaction module 34 into a second differential signal in the form of an electrical signal.

[0056] To ensure normal photoelectric conversion, the present disclosure assumes that some photoelectric converters can only convert differential signals, and the converted signals obtained by the photoelectric converters in the form of an electrical signal are usually differential signals. In order for all photoelectric converters to perform photoelectric conversion of the feedback signals transmitted from the train communication devices, it is necessary to arrange a photoelectric converter and a differential conversion module. The photoelectric converter performs conversion between optical signals and electrical signals.The photoelectric converter converts an optical carrier signal in the form of an optical signal into an optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal, or converts a feedback signal in the form of an electrical signal into a feedback signal in the form of an optical signal. The differential conversion module also performs conversion of the optical carrier signal or the feedback signal. In particular, the output signal in the form of an electrical signal can be a high-speed differential signal after the photoelectric conversion module 33 converts an optical carrier signal in the form of an optical signal into an optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal.Therefore, the differential conversion module is required to convert the output signal into an ordinary low-speed optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal and then transmit the optical carrier signal to a train communication device. Similarly, after a feedback signal in the form of an electrical signal is transmitted by a train communication device, the differential conversion module converts the feedback signal in the form of an electrical signal into a differential signal and then transmits the differential signal to the photoelectric converter for photoelectric conversion. When performing differential conversion, the differential conversion module performs conversion between a multi-channel feedback signal and a high-speed, few-channel differential signal. Referring to FIG. Fig. 7 is Fig.7 is a schematic structural diagram of a differential conversion module according to the present disclosure. In converting an electrical signal generated by a train communication device into an optical signal, an electrical signal obtained from the train communication device by the signal interaction module is received via an electrical signal interface. A multiple access channel (MAC) module determines the number of channels of the electrical signal. A switching module then decomposes the electrical signal into a plurality of single-channel signals and subsequently synthesizes the plurality of single-channel signals into a differential signal with a few channels. Another MAC module then outputs a differential signal, and the differential signal is then transmitted to the photoelectric conversion module via a SerDes interface.For example, a four-channel feedback signal is decomposed into four single-channel signals, and then the four single-channel signals are synthesized into a two-channel differential signal, thereby performing differential conversion. Therefore, the differential conversion module can perform photoelectric conversion normally.

[0057] According to the present disclosure, a train is further provided. The train includes a plurality of cars and the communication system. The communication system is arranged in each of the cars.

[0058] For detailed descriptions of the train according to the present disclosure, reference may be made to the above embodiments of the communication method, which are not repeated here.

[0059] The embodiments in the present disclosure are described step by step, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. Identical and similar parts between the embodiments can be referenced to each other. Since the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments corresponds to the method disclosed herein, the description of the apparatus is relatively simple, and reference can be made to the description of the method for the relevant parts.

[0060] It should also be noted that in the present disclosure, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or process from another entity or process. It is not required or implied that such an actual relationship or sequence exists between the entities or processes. Furthermore, the terms "including," "comprising," or other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device having a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also additional elements not expressly listed, or elements that are unique to such a process, method, article, or device. Unless further limitations apply, a process, method, article, or device characterized by the statement "including a...“ does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the procedure. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] CH 202211391359.7

[0001]

Claims

[1] A communication method applied to a processor in a car of a train, the processor being connected to a fiber optic ring network, the communication method comprising: after receiving a first light beam in the optical fiber ring network, receiving all optical carrier signals containing communication data in the first light beam, Determining an optical carrier signal required by a train communication device in the car in which the processor is located, Transmitting the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device to the train communication device, wherein the train communication device generates an optical feedback signal based on the optical carrier signal, and Synthesizing the optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device into a second light beam and transmitting the second light beam to the optical fiber ring network. [2] The communication method of claim 1, wherein determining an optical carrier signal required by a train communication device in the car in which the processor is located and transmitting the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device to the train communication device comprises: Determining a first wavelength of each of the optical carrier signals, Determining a second wavelength of the optical carrier signal required by the train communication device and Transmitting an optical carrier signal having a first wavelength corresponding to the second wavelength from the optical carrier signals to the train communication device. [3] A communication method according to claim 2, wherein obtaining all optical carrier signals containing communication data in the first light beam comprises: Decomposing the first light beam into the optical carrier signals based on a corresponding relationship between predetermined wavelengths and communication data. [4] Communication method according to claim 3, wherein the splitting of the first light beam into the optical carrier signals comprises: Decomposing the first light beam into the optical carrier signals by performing wavelength demultiplexing, and synthesizing the optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device into a second light beam comprises: Synthesizing the optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device into a second light beam by wavelength division multiplexing. [5] A communication method according to claim 1, wherein, when optical fibers in the optical fiber ring network are multi-core optical fibers, synthesizing the optical feedback signal and any optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device into a second light beam and transmitting the second light beam to the optical fiber ring network comprises: Determining a first identifier corresponding to each of the optical fibers in the optical fiber ring network, Determining a second identifier corresponding to the optical feedback signal and third identifiers corresponding to the optical carrier signals not required by the train communication device, Synthesizing optical carrier signals, each having a third identifier corresponding to the second identifier, from the optical carrier signals and the optical feedback signal to the second light beam, and Transmitting the second light beam to the optical fiber ring network via an optical fiber having a first identifier corresponding to the second identifier. [6] Communication method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the carriage further comprises a first optical fiber interface and a second optical fiber interface, wherein the first optical fiber interface is connected via the optical fiber ring network to a second optical fiber interface of a carriage adjacent to the carriage, and the second optical fiber interface is connected via the optical fiber ring network to a first optical fiber interface of another carriage adjacent to the carriage, and before receiving all optical carrier signals containing the communication data in the first light beam, the communication method further comprises: Configuring the second fiber optic interface of the carriage to operate in a virtual separation mode, wherein all optical carrier signals containing the communication data in the first light beam are then obtained. [7] A communication method according to claim 6, wherein transmitting the second light beam to the optical fiber ring network comprises: Determining a target car that requires reception of the optical feedback signal, and Transmitting the second light beam to the optical fiber ring network via the first optical fiber interface; wherein, after transmitting the second light beam to the optical fiber ring network via the first optical fiber interface, the communication method further comprises: Determine whether the target car has successfully received the second light beam, and Configuring the second fiber optic interface of the trolley to operate in a link mode such that the second light beam is transmitted to the fiber optic ring network via the second fiber optic interface if the target trolley has not successfully received the second light beam. [8] Communication device comprising: a memory that stores a computer program, and a processor configured to carry out the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program. [9] A communication system comprising the communication device according to claim 8 and further comprising: Optical fibers designed to form an optical fiber ring network; an optical transceiver configured to receive a first light beam in the optical fiber ring network via the optical fibers and transmit the first light beam to the communication device and to transmit a second light beam emitted by the communication device via the optical fibers to the optical fiber ring network; and a signal interaction module configured to transmit an optical carrier signal transmitted from the communication device to a train communication device of a train and to transmit communication data generated by the train communication device based on the optical carrier signal to the communication device. [10] A communication system according to claim 9, further comprising: a photoelectric conversion module, wherein the photoelectric conversion module is arranged between the communication device and the signal interaction module and the photoelectric conversion module is configured to convert an optical carrier signal in the form of an optical signal transmitted from the communication device into an optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal and to transmit the optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal to the signal interaction module, and to convert communication data in the form of an electrical signal transmitted from the signal interaction module into an optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal and to transmit the optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal to the communication device. [11] Communication device according to claim 9, wherein the photoelectric conversion module comprises: a photoelectric converter and a differential conversion module, the photoelectric converter is designed to convert the optical carrier signal in the form of an optical signal transmitted by the communication device into a first differential signal in the form of an electrical signal and to convert a second differential signal in the form of an electrical signal transmitted by the differential converter module into the optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal and to transmit the optical feedback signal in the form of an optical signal to the communication device, and the differential converter module is configured to convert the first differential signal in the form of an electrical signal into an optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal and to transmit the optical carrier signal in the form of an electrical signal to the signal interaction module and to convert the communication data in the form of an electrical signal transmitted by the signal interaction module into a second differential signal in the form of an electrical signal. [12] Train which includes: several cars and the communication system according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the communication system is located in each of the cars.

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