Brake system and saddle-type vehicle

Abstract

The objective is to provide a brake system and a caliper-type vehicle that can improve braking safety.Braking system 100 includes a front wheel brake part 20 for braking the front wheel 3, a rear wheel brake part 40 for braking the rear wheel 4, and an actuator 11 operated by the rider, wherein the front wheel brake part 20 includes a front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a connected to the actuator 11 via fluid pressure and braking the front wheel 3 with a friction force corresponding to the fluid pressure, and wherein the rear wheel brake part 40 includes a regenerative brake mechanism 5 that generates a regenerative braking force on the rear wheel 4 corresponding to the rotation of the rear wheel 4, and a two-wire rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b that brakes the rear wheel 4 with a friction force corresponding to the control of the actuator 35b, 38b, 73 without being connected to the actuator 11 via fluid pressure.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a braking system for a saddle-type vehicle and a saddle-type vehicle provided with the braking system. [State of the art]

[0002] Conventionally, among the brake systems for caliper-type vehicles, for example, there is a brake system for a two-wheeled motor vehicle where the rear wheel is driven by an electric motor, having a structure including both a regenerative brake mechanism for using regenerative torque generated during rotation of the rear wheel via the electric motor as a generator to act on the rear wheel and brake it, and a friction brake mechanism that, in accordance with the driver's operation of the brake lever, generates friction force on the front wheel to brake it (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art document][Patent document]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-523259 A [Summary of the invention][Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In braking systems having the structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, a regenerative braking mechanism inputs the rotational force of the rear wheel to the rotation axis of an electric motor, causing the electric motor to function as a generator and utilizing the regenerative torque generated during power generation to brake the rear wheel of a caliper-type vehicle. As a result, the regenerative braking force generated by the regenerative braking mechanism may fall below the target value, for example, when the rotational speed of the rear wheel to which the electric motor is connected is too low or the rotation of the rear wheel stops. This may also result in the regenerative braking force not being generated, for example, when the rotational speed of the rear wheel to which the electric motor is connected is too low or the rotation of the rear wheel stops.the generated electricity is not stored in a storage battery and thus the electric motor cannot function as a generator, so that there is a risk that the saddle-type vehicle cannot be stopped in the driving state or the stopped state cannot be maintained.

[0005] The present invention was created with the above-described objective in mind, and the object is to provide a braking system for a caliper-type vehicle that can improve braking safety. Furthermore, the object is to provide a caliper-type vehicle equipped with such a braking system. [Means of solving the problem]

[0006] The braking system according to the present invention is constructed as a braking system for a saddle-type rear-wheel drive vehicle, comprising a front-wheel braking part for braking the front wheel of the saddle-type vehicle, a rear-wheel braking part for braking the rear wheel of the saddle-type vehicle, and an actuator operated by a driver of the saddle-type vehicle. The front-wheel braking part comprises a front-wheel friction braking mechanism connected to the actuator via fluid pressure and braking the front wheel with a friction force corresponding to the fluid pressure. The rear-wheel braking part comprises a regenerative braking mechanism that generates a regenerative braking force at the rear wheel corresponding to the rotation of the rear wheel. The rear-wheel braking part additionally comprises a two-wire rear-wheel friction braking mechanism that brakes the rear wheel with a friction force corresponding to the control of the actuator.without being connected to the actuating element via fluid pressure.

[0007] The saddle type vehicle according to the present invention is constructed to be provided with the above braking system.

[0008] Since the rear wheel brake part in this structure includes, in addition to the regenerative braking mechanism, the two-wire rear wheel friction braking mechanism that brakes the rear wheel with the friction force corresponding to the control of the actuator without being connected to the operating member via fluid pressure, it can impart the predetermined friction force preset according to this control to the rear wheel by controlling the actuator, thereby improving braking safety. [Brief description of the drawings] [ Fig. 1] is a view for describing a saddle type vehicle according to Embodiment 1. [ Fig. 2] is a view for describing the brake system according to Embodiment 1. [ Fig. 3] is a view for describing a fluid pressure control unit according to Embodiment 1. [ Fig. 4] is a view for describing the system structure of the brake system according to Embodiment 1. [ Fig. 5] is a view for describing the brake system according to Embodiment 2. [ Fig. 6] is a view for describing an actuator according to Embodiment 2. [ Fig. 7] is a view for describing the system structure of the brake system according to Embodiment 2. [Embodiments of the invention]

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments for implementing the braking system according to the present invention and the saddle-type vehicle equipped with the braking system will be explained with reference to the drawings. In the embodiments, cases where the braking system according to the present invention is applied to a two-wheeled motor vehicle as a saddle-type vehicle will be explained. The braking system according to the present invention can also be applied to motorcycles other than two-wheeled motor vehicles. Motorcycles include three-wheeled motor vehicles. Two-wheeled motor vehicles or three-wheeled motor vehicles include motorbikes, scooters, electric scooters, etc.

[0010] The structures, operations, etc. explained in the embodiments are examples, and the brake system according to the present invention and the saddle-type vehicle according to the present invention are not limited to cases having such structures, operations, etc. Also, in each figure, identical or similar components or parts are designated by the same reference numerals, or are not designated by reference numerals. Furthermore, explanations and illustrations of the detailed structure are simplified or omitted as appropriate. Furthermore, repetitive or similar explanations may be simplified or omitted. <Ausführungsform 1>

[0011] An explanation will now be given of an embodiment 1 of the brake system according to the present invention and the caliper type vehicle provided with the brake system with reference to the drawings.

[0012] Fig. 1 is a view for describing a caliper type vehicle to which a brake system according to Embodiment 1 is installed. Fig. 2 is a view for describing the brake system according to Embodiment 1. Fig. 3 is a view for describing a fluid pressure control unit of the brake system according to Embodiment 1. Fig. 4 is a view for describing the system structure of the brake system according to Embodiment 1. <Bzgl. Fahrzeug vom Satteltyp>

[0013] As in Fig. 1, the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 as a saddle-type vehicle comprises a frame 1, a handlebar 2 pivotably mounted on the frame 1, a front wheel 3 pivotably mounted on the frame 1 together with the handlebar 2, a rear wheel 4 pivotably mounted on the frame 1, an electric motor 5 (see Fig. 2) as a drive source for driving the rear wheel 4, a power supply 6 (see Fig. 2) for supplying power to the electric motor 5 and a braking system 100 for braking the front wheel 3 and rear wheel 4.

[0014] The electric motor 5 is an electric drive (e.g., an AC motor, a brushless DC motor, a synchronous motor, an induction motor, or the like) that is supplied with power from the power supply and generates torque that drives the rear wheel 4 via a geared power transmission mechanism (not shown in the figure). The electric motor 5 can also function as a generator and generate power using the rotational force of the rear wheel 4. Likewise, the electric motor can be constructed such that the rotational axis of the electric motor 5 is directly connected to the rotational axis of the rear wheel 4 and drives the rear wheel 4 (e.g., a wheel hub motor or the like).

[0015] The power supply 6 is equipped with a power storage device (e.g., storage battery, capacitor, or the like) (not shown in the figure), which can temporarily store the input power within a predetermined capacity and supply it to the electric motor 5. The power supply 6 can, by controlling the power to be supplied from the power storage device to the electric motor 5, control the torque acting as an accelerating force to accelerate the rotation of the electric motor 5, such that the electric motor 5 functions as a drive source of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10. In addition, once the power supply 6 causes the rotational axis of the electric motor 5 to rotate via the rotational force of the rear wheel 4, thereby allowing the electric motor 5 to function as a generator, the power generated by the electric motor 5 can be converted into a drive current by controlling, for example,the current for charging the power storage device, which becomes a current load for the electric motor 5, and thus control the regenerative torque acting as rotational resistance in the rotation mechanism of the electric motor 5 due to power generation. The regenerative torque acts as regenerative braking force generated by the braking system 100 described below on the rear wheel 4.

[0016] As already mentioned, the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 according to the present embodiment corresponds to a saddle-type rear-wheel drive vehicle in which the rear wheel 4 is driven by the electric motor 5 which is operated by the power supply from the power supply 6.

[0017] The power supply unit 6 can be designed to supply the electric motor 5 with power via a power converter (e.g., inverter, voltage converter, or the like), or it can be designed to supply the electric motor 5 with power without a power converter. Likewise, the power supply unit can also be designed to be equipped, for example, with a power storage device and a power generation device (e.g., a power generation device that generates power by driving it via a fuel cell or an internal combustion engine, etc.) and to supply the electric motor 5 with power from the power storage device and the power generation device, or it can be designed to be equipped, for example, with an internal combustion engine as the drive source for the rear wheel. <Bzgl. Bremssystem>

[0018] As in the Fig. 1 - Fig. 3, the braking system 100 is provided with a single actuating element 11 which is actuated by the driver of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, a front wheel braking part 20 for braking the front wheel 3, a rear wheel braking part 40 for braking the rear wheel 4 and a control device (ECU) 60 for controlling the braking force with which the front wheel 3 and rear wheel 4 are braked (see Fig. 4).

[0019] The actuating element 11 is constructed as a brake lever provided on the handlebar 2 and is actuated by the hand of a rider. The actuating element 11 has a master cylinder 23, to which the movement of the actuating element 11 is transmitted. The master cylinder 23 and the front-wheel brake part 20 are connected to each other via a brake fluid line 25a filled with brake fluid, while the actuating element 11 is hydraulically connected to the front-wheel brake part 20. A fluid pressure corresponding to the actuation of the actuating element 11 by the rider is generated from the master cylinder 23 and transmitted to the front-wheel brake part 20 via the brake fluid line 25a.

[0020] The front wheel brake part 20 has a front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a that imparts a friction force to the front wheel 3, thereby generating a friction braking force. The front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a includes a friction imparting device 22a, the master cylinder 23, a reservoir 24a, fluid paths 25a-25e, a wheel cylinder 27a, and a fluid pressure control unit 30.

[0021] By pressing a friction material (not shown) of a friction imparting device 22a supported by the frame 1 against a disc rotor 3a rotating together with the front wheel 3, the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a generates or increases the friction braking force acting on the front wheel 3, thereby imparting to the front wheel 3 a friction force corresponding to the actuation amount of the actuating member 11. Conversely, it reduces or eliminates the friction braking force acting on the front wheel 3 by separating the friction material (not shown) from the disc rotor 3a, so that the friction force imparted to the front wheel 3 is reduced or eliminated.

[0022] The friction imparting device 22a is hydraulically connected to the operating element 11 and houses the wheel cylinder 27a, into which the brake fluid pressure generated by the master cylinder 23 is input according to the movement transmitted from the operating element 11. The friction imparting device 22a is configured to press the friction material against the disc rotor 3a in accordance with the increase in the fluid pressure by increasing the brake fluid pressure in the wheel cylinder 27a, and to separate the friction material from the disc rotor 3a in accordance with the decrease in the fluid pressure by decreasing the brake fluid pressure in the wheel cylinder 27a. In this way, the friction imparting device 22a generates, increases, decreases, or eliminates the friction force on the disc rotor 3a corresponding to the operation amount of the operating element 11, and imparts the braking force to the front wheel 3.The friction-generating device 22a may also have a different structure. For example, the friction-generating device 22a may be constructed such that it presses a friction material of a brake shoe held by the frame 1 against a brake drum rotating together with the front wheel 3, thereby generating a friction force corresponding to the actuation magnitude of the actuating element 11.

[0023] The front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a includes a master cylinder 23 to which the movement of the operating member 11 is transmitted, a reservoir 24a attached to the master cylinder 23, a wheel cylinder 27a that communicates with the master cylinder 23 via the brake fluid-filled fluid paths 25a-25e and is installed in the friction imparting device 22a, a brake fluid line 25a that forms part of the fluid paths 25a-25e and has one end connected to the master cylinder 23, a brake fluid line 25b that forms part of the fluid paths 25a-25e and has one end connected to the wheel cylinder 27a, and a fluid pressure regulating unit 30 that is connected to the other end of the brake fluid line 25a and the other end of the brake fluid line 25b.The fluid pressure control unit 30 can also be directly connected to the master cylinder 23 without using the brake fluid line 25a, just as the fluid pressure control unit 30 can be directly connected to the wheel cylinder 27a without using the brake fluid line 25b. Furthermore, the fluid pressure control unit 30 can also be integrated with the master cylinder 23 or the wheel cylinder 27a.

[0024] As in Fig. 2 and Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the fluid pressure control unit 30 is provided with a base 31. The base 31 includes a master cylinder port MP to which the brake fluid line 25a is connected and to which the fluid pressure of the master cylinder 23 is input, and a wheel cylinder port WP to which the brake fluid line 25b is connected and from which the fluid pressure is output toward the wheel cylinder 27a. Internal fluid paths connecting the master cylinder port MP to the wheel cylinder port WP are formed inside the base 31. The internal fluid paths include a main fluid path 25c connecting the master cylinder port MP to the wheel cylinder port WP, and a sub-fluid path 25d bypassing the main fluid path 25c.

[0025] A charging valve 32 is provided at an intermediate portion of the main fluid path 25c. The upstream end of the sub-fluid path 25d is connected to a portion located closer to the wheel cylinder port WP side than the charging valve 32 in the main fluid path 25c, while the downstream end of the sub-fluid path 25d is connected to a portion located closer to the master cylinder port MP side than the charging valve 32 in the main fluid path 25c. Furthermore, a release valve 33, an accumulator 34 that stores the brake fluid, and a pump 35a are provided in sequence on the sub-fluid path 25d from the upstream side.

[0026] The pump 35a is driven by a motor 36. The charging valve 32, the release valve 33, the accumulator 34, the pump 35a, and the motor 36 are mounted on the base 31. A housing 37, which houses at least part of a control device 60, is attached to the base 31.

[0027] The charging valve 32 is, for example, a solenoid valve that, when switched from a de-energized state to an energized state by the control device 60, switches the circulation of the brake fluid at this location from open to closed. The release valve 33 is, for example, a solenoid valve that, when switched from a de-energized state to an energized state by the control device 60, switches the circulation of the brake fluid, which is directed to the pump 35a via this location, from closed to open.

[0028] When the charge valve 32 and the release valve 33 in the fluid pressure control unit 30 are controlled to an energized state, the charge valve 32 changes to the closed state and the fluid path through which the brake fluid pressure is supplied from the master cylinder 23 to the wheel cylinder 27a is blocked, while the release valve 33 changes to the open state and a fluid path is formed through which the brake fluid pressure is transferred from the wheel cylinder 27a to the accumulator 34 of the sub-fluid path 25d. As a result, the brake fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27a is released to the accumulator 34, and the brake fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27a decreases.If, in the fluid pressure control unit 30, a switching valve 38a described below is also controlled to a non-energized state, and the pump 35a is driven in this state, the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the accumulator 34 can be shifted such that it returns to the master cylinder 23 and reservoir 24a.

[0029] In addition, a pressure build-up fluid path 25e is formed in the base 31 as an internal fluid path, connecting a portion of the main fluid path 25c located closer to the master cylinder port MP than at the intersection point between the main fluid path 25c and the downstream end of the sub-fluid path 25d with a portion of the sub-fluid path 25d between the accumulator 34 and the pump 35a. The switching valve 38a is provided in a portion of the main fluid path 25c located between the intersection point with the pressure build-up fluid path 25e and the intersection point with the downstream end of the sub-fluid path 25d, and a pressure build-up valve 39 is provided at an intermediate portion of the pressure build-up fluid path 25e.

[0030] The switching valve 38a is, for example, a solenoid valve that, when the control device 60 switches the brake fluid circulation from open to closed at this location, switches the brake fluid circulation from open to closed. The pressure build-up valve 39 is, for example, a solenoid valve that, when the control device 60 switches the brake fluid circulation from closed to open, switches the brake fluid circulation, which is directed to the pump 35 via this location, from closed to open.

[0031] In the fluid pressure control unit 30, when the charge valve 32 and release valve 33 are controlled to the de-energized state, and the switching valve 38a and pressure build-up valve 39 are controlled to the energized state, the release valve 33 and switching valve 38a change to the closed state and the fluid path through which the fluid pressure of the brake fluid returns from the master cylinder 23 to the wheel cylinder 27a through the release valve 33 and switching valve 38a is blocked, while the charge valve 32 and pressure build-up valve 39 change to the open state and a fluid path is formed through which the fluid pressure of the brake fluid is shifted from the reservoir 24a to the wheel cylinder 27a through the charge valve 32 and pressure build-up valve 39 and the pump 35a.By controlling the pump 35a to the drive state, the brake fluid pressure is shifted from the reservoir 24a to the wheel cylinder 27a, and the fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27a increases. In the fluid pressure control unit 30, by increasing the fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27a via the pump 35a, the fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27a can be raised to a level higher than the fluid pressure corresponding to the amount of operation of the operating element 11 during the driver's operation.

[0032] In the fluid pressure control unit 30, a first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 that detects the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the master cylinder 23 is provided in a region more on the master cylinder 23 side than the switching valve 38a in the main fluid path 25c, and a second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 that detects the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a is provided in a region more on the wheel cylinder 27a side than the charging valve 32 in the main fluid path 25c.

[0033] The friction imparting device 22a, the master cylinder 23, the reservoir 24a, the fluid path 25, the wheel cylinder 27a, and the fluid pressure regulating unit 30 correspond to the front wheel friction brake mechanism according to the present invention, with which the front wheel is braked with the friction force corresponding to the fluid pressure.

[0034] The rear wheel brake part 40 is provided with a rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b that imparts friction force to the rear wheel 4 and thereby generates a friction braking force, and a regenerative braking mechanism that generates a regenerative braking force at the rear wheel 4. The rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b includes a friction imparting device 22b, a reservoir 24b, fluid paths 26a-26e, a wheel cylinder 27b, and a fluid pressure control unit 30, while the regenerative braking mechanism includes an electric motor 5 acting as a generator.

[0035] By pressing a friction material (not shown) of a friction imparting device 22b supported by the frame 1 against a disc rotor 4a rotating together with the rear wheel 4, the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b generates or increases the friction braking force acting on the rear wheel 4 according to the control of the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b described below as actuators, it generates or increases the friction braking force acting on the rear wheel 4. Conversely, it reduces or eliminates the friction braking force acting on the rear wheel 4 by separating the friction material (not shown) from the disc rotor 4a, so that the friction force imparted to the rear wheel 4 is reduced or eliminated according to the control of the actuator.

[0036] The friction imparting device 22b is not hydraulically connected to the actuating element 11 and houses the wheel cylinder 27b, into which the increased brake fluid pressure generated in accordance with the control of the pump 35b as an actuator is input. The friction imparting device 22b is configured to press the friction material against the disc rotor 4a in accordance with the increase in fluid pressure by increasing the brake fluid pressure in the wheel cylinder 27b, and to separate the friction material from the disc rotor 4a in accordance with the decrease in fluid pressure by releasing the brake fluid pressure from the wheel cylinder 27b in accordance with the control of the relief valve 38b and reducing the brake fluid pressure in the wheel cylinder 27b in accordance with the control of the relief valve 38b. In this way, the friction material generates, increases, decreases, orThe friction imparting device 22b eliminates the friction force on the disc rotor 4a according to the control of the pump 35b as an actuator, regardless of the actuation amount of the actuating element 11, and imparts the braking force to the rear wheel 4. The friction imparting device 22b may also have a different structure. For example, the friction imparting device 22b may be configured to press a friction material of a brake shoe held by the frame 1 against a brake drum rotating together with the rear wheel 4, thus generating the friction force corresponding to the control of the actuator.

[0037] The rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b includes a reservoir 24b for storing brake fluid, a wheel cylinder 27b installed in the friction imparting device 22b, brake fluid lines 26a, 26e constituting part of the brake fluid-filled fluid paths 26a-26e and having one end connected to the reservoir 24b, a brake fluid line 26b constituting part of the fluid paths 26a-26e and having one end connected to the wheel cylinder 27b, and the fluid pressure control unit 30 connected to the other end of the brake fluid line 26a and the other end of the brake fluid line 26b.The fluid pressure control unit 30 can also be connected directly to the reservoir 24b without using the brake fluid lines 26a, 26e, just as the fluid pressure control unit 30 can be connected directly to the wheel cylinder 27b without using the brake fluid line 26b. Furthermore, the fluid pressure control unit 30 can also be integrated with the reservoir 24b or wheel cylinder 27b.

[0038] As in Fig. 2 and Fig. As shown in Fig. 3, the aforementioned base 31 is provided with a drain port RP to which the brake fluid line 26a is connected, a wheel cylinder port WP to which the brake fluid line 26b is connected, and an inlet port IP to which the brake fluid line 26e is connected. Furthermore, internal fluid paths connecting the drain port RP, the wheel cylinder port WP, and the inlet port IP are formed inside the base 31. As the internal fluid paths, a main fluid path 26c connecting the drain port RP to the wheel cylinder port WP and a sub-fluid path 26d branching off at an intermediate portion of the main fluid path 26c and connecting the main fluid path 26c to the inlet port IP are formed.

[0039] A relief valve 38b is provided at an intermediate portion of the main fluid path 26c. The upstream end of the sub-fluid path 26d is connected to the inlet port IP, while the downstream end of the sub-fluid path 26d is connected to the main fluid path 26c between the relief valve 38b and the wheel cylinder port WP. The pump 35b is provided at an intermediate portion of the sub-fluid path 26d.

[0040] The pump 35b is driven by the motor 36 shared with the aforementioned pump 35a. The pump 35b and the pressure relief valve 38b are mounted on the base 31. The pump 35b on the rear wheel 4 side and the aforementioned pump 35a on the front wheel 3 side can also be configured to each be equipped with its own motor, which drives them.

[0041] The pressure relief valve 38b is, for example, an electromagnetic valve which, when switched from a non-energized state to an energized state by the control device 60, switches the circulation of the brake fluid from open to closed at this location.

[0042] When the pressure relief valve 38b in the fluid pressure control unit 30 is controlled to the energized state, the pressure relief valve 38b changes to the closed state, and the fluid path through which the brake fluid pressure is released from the wheel cylinder 27b to the reservoir 24b is blocked, forming a fluid path through which the brake fluid pressure is transferred from the reservoir 24b to the wheel cylinder 27b via the secondary fluid path 26d and the pump 35b. Thus, by driving the pump 35b, the brake fluid pressure is transferred from the reservoir 24b to the wheel cylinder 27a, and the brake fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27b increases.

[0043] When the pressure relief valve 38b is controlled to the de-energized state, the pressure relief valve 38b switches to the open state, forming a fluid path through which the brake fluid pressure from the wheel cylinder 27b is released to the reservoir 24b. Thus, the brake fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27b is released to the reservoir 24b, and the brake fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27b decreases.

[0044] In this way, according to a method according to which the actuators (pump 35b and relief valve 38b) are linked to the control device 60 based on the electrical control signals, that is, according to a so-called two-wire method, the friction imparting device 22b can increase or decrease the fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27b provided in the friction imparting device 22b in accordance with the controls of the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b as actuators, and thereby generate or increase, decrease or eliminate the friction force imparted to the rear wheel 4 by the friction imparting device 22b, without being hydraulically connected to the actuating element 11.The friction imparting device 22b, the reservoir 24b, the fluid paths 26a-26e, the wheel cylinder 27b, and the fluid pressure control unit 30 correspond to the two-wire rear wheel friction brake mechanism according to the present invention, with which the rear wheel 4 is braked with the friction force corresponding to the control of the actuator.

[0045] The rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b is equipped with the electric motor 5 as a regenerative braking mechanism. The electric motor 5 is configured to apply the regenerative torque generated by the rotational force of the rear wheel 4 when the electric motor 5 operates as a generator to the rear wheel 4, and to generate a regenerative braking force through the regenerative torque, which decelerates the rear wheel 4. When the rotational axis of the electric motor 5 is rotated by the rotational force of the rear wheel 4 via the electric motor 5, an induced electromotive force is generated, and thus a regenerative torque corresponding to the current flowing to the power storage device due to the induced electromotive force is generated in the opposite direction to the rotation of the rear wheel 4, which causes the rotation of the corresponding rear wheel 4 to be decelerated.Since the electric motor 5 can function as part of the braking system 100 due to this effect, the rear wheel 4 can be braked without the need for a friction braking mechanism to generate friction braking force. The electric motor 5, which functions as a generator, corresponds to the regenerative braking mechanism according to the present invention for generating the regenerative braking force at the rear wheel.

[0046] As in Fig. 4, the control device 60 includes a first control part 61 provided in the front wheel brake part 20 for controlling the operations of the charge valve 32, release valve 33, switching valve 38a, pressure build-up valve 39, and motor 36; a second control part 62 provided in the rear wheel brake part 40 for controlling the operations of the relief valve 38b and electric motor 5 as a generator; a detection part 63 for detecting abnormality information regarding abnormalities of the front wheel brake part 20; and an execution part 64 for controlling the relief valve 38b and the pump 35b as actuators based on the abnormality information. The first control part 61 and the second control part 62 may each be combined as one, and may further be divided into plural parts. For example, a part or the whole of each of the first control part 61 and the second control part 62 may be provided. E.g. by a microcomputer, a microprocessor unit, etc.and may further be constructed by an updatable item such as firmware, and may further be a program module, etc., executed by an instruction from a CPU, etc.

[0047] For example, output signals from a front wheel rotational speed sensor 81, a first brake fluid pressure sensor 82, a second brake fluid pressure sensor 83, a rear wheel rotational speed sensor 91, a battery level sensor 92, an ambient sensor 93, etc. are input to the control device 60 by wire or wirelessly. Output signals from other types of sensors can also be input to the control device 60. Based on the output signals of these types of sensors, the control device 60 derives a target braking force to be generated at each of the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4. The first control part 61 outputs a command signal corresponding to the target braking force to be generated at the front wheel 3, by wire or wirelessly, to the drivers of the charging valve 32, the release valve 33, the switching valve 38a, the pressure build-up valve 39, and the motor 36.Furthermore, the second control part 62 outputs a command signal corresponding to the target braking force to be generated at the rear wheel 4 by wire or wirelessly to the drivers of the relief valve 38b and motor 36 and to the control device for controlling the current for charging the power storage device.

[0048] The front wheel rotation speed sensor 81 detects the rotation speed of the front wheel 3. The front wheel rotation speed sensor 81 is held, for example, by the frame 1. The front wheel rotation speed sensor 81 may also be an object that detects another physical quantity that can be essentially converted into the rotation speed of the front wheel 3.

[0049] The first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 detects the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the master cylinder 23. The first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 is provided in an area located on the side of the master cylinder 23 as seen from the switching valve 38a of the main fluid path 25c on the side of the front wheel 3 (see Fig. 2). The first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 may also be an object that detects another physical quantity that can be substantially converted into the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the master cylinder 23 (e.g., actuation quantity of the actuating element 11, displacement of the actuating element 11, displacement of the piston in the master cylinder 23, etc.).

[0050] The second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 detects the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a. The second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 is provided in a region located on the side of the wheel cylinder 27a as seen from the charging valve 32 of the main fluid path 25c on the side of the front wheel 3 (see Fig. 2). The second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 may also be an item that detects another physical quantity that can be substantially converted into the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a (e.g., displacement of the friction material of the friction imparting device 22a, etc.).

[0051] The rear wheel rotation speed sensor 91 detects the rotation speed of the rear wheel 4. The rear wheel rotation speed sensor 91 is held, for example, by the frame 1. The rear wheel rotation speed sensor 91 may also be an object that detects another physical quantity that can be substantially converted into the rotation speed of the rear wheel 4.

[0052] The battery level sensor 92 detects the amount of power remaining in the power storage device provided in the power supply 6. The battery level sensor 92 can be any object, as long as it is an object that detects a physical quantity reflecting the amount of power stored in the power storage device or the available capacity of the power storage device in which power can be stored (e.g., voltage values ​​of the storage battery provided in the power storage device or current values ​​input to / output from the power storage device, etc.).

[0053] The environmental sensor 93 detects the environment of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 (e.g., road conditions in the direction of travel of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, other vehicles, etc.). The environmental sensor 93 can be any object (e.g., a camera, ultrasonic sensor, laser device, external communication device, etc.), as long as it is an object that detects information reflecting the environment of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10.

[0054] Note that, although the fluid pressure control unit 30 in the present embodiment is configured to be provided with the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 for detecting the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the master cylinder 23 and the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 for detecting the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a, the fluid pressure control unit 30 may be configured to be provided with only the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 or the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83, for example.such that the fluid pressure control unit 30 is provided only with the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 and estimates the fluid pressure of the brake fluid in the wheel cylinder 27a based on the fluid pressure detected by the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 or other physical quantities that can be substantially converted into the fluid pressure of the brake fluid in the master cylinder 23, or, for example, such that the fluid pressure control unit 30 is provided only with the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 and estimates the fluid pressure of the brake fluid in the master cylinder 23 based on the fluid pressure detected by the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 or other physical quantities that can be substantially converted into the fluid pressure of the brake fluid in the wheel cylinder 27a.In addition, the fluid pressure control unit 30 may also be constructed such that, without the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 and the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83, it estimates the fluid pressure of the brake fluid in the wheel cylinder 27a from other physical quantities that can be substantially converted into the fluid pressure of the brake fluid in the master cylinder 23, and estimates the fluid pressure of the brake fluid in the master cylinder 23 from other physical quantities that can be substantially converted into the fluid pressure of the brake fluid in the wheel cylinder 27a.

[0055] The first control part 61 and the second control part 62 are housed in the housing 37 of the fluid pressure control unit 30 and are integrated together with the fluid control mechanism (e.g., charge valve 32, release valve 33, motor 36, switching valve 38a, pressure build-up valve 39, etc.). With such a configuration, the first control part 61 and the second control part 62 can be given the same sealing structure, thus improving the cost efficiency of the brake system 100.

[0056] The second control part 62 can also be combined with the electric motor 5 and power supply 6. In such a configuration, the front wheel brake part 20 and the rear wheel brake part 40 can be handled separately, which improves the maintainability and retrofitability of the brake system 100.

[0057] In a state where the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 is stopped or traveling in a state where no slip exceeding the reference value occurs in the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, when the driver operates the operating member 11, that is, during service braking, the first control part 61 controls the charging valve 32, releasing valve 33, switching valve 38a and pressure build-up valve 39 to a non-energized state and further controls the motor 36 to a non-driven state. In this state, when the operating element 11 is operated by the driver, a piston (not shown) of the master cylinder 23 is pushed in according to the movement of the operating element 11 and the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a is increased, the friction material (not shown) of the friction imparting device 22a is pressed against the disc rotor 3a and a friction braking force is generated which is imparted to the front wheel 3.increased. Furthermore, when the driver releases the operating element 11, the piston (not shown) of the master cylinder 23 returns in accordance with the movement of the operating element 11, the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a decreases, and the friction material (not shown) of the friction imparting device 22a is separated from the disc rotor 3a, reducing or eliminating the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3. That is, in the front wheel brake part 20, during service braking, the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 by the friction imparting device 22a changes in accordance with the change in the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the master cylinder 23 corresponding to the movement of the operating element 11.

[0058] The control device 60 performs a compound brake control when the driver operates the operating element 11, after which both a control is performed in which it imparts a friction braking force to the front wheel 3 through the front wheel brake part 20 and a control is performed in which a regenerative braking force is imparted to the rear wheel 4 through the rear wheel brake part 40.

[0059] During compound braking control, the control device 60 detects, for example, the braking force requested by the driver based on the operation amount of the operating member 11 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the requested braking force"), travel information regarding the driving state of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 (e.g., speed, vehicle inclination, or the like), and capacity information regarding the remaining capacity for power storage by the power storage device in the power supply unit 6. Then, based on the travel information and capacity information, it detects the regenerative braking force that can be generated by the electric motor 5 as a regenerative braking mechanism, and compares the regenerative braking force with the requested braking force.If it is determined that the requested braking force exceeds the regenerative braking force, it performs both a control to generate the braking force corresponding to the proportion of the requested braking force that exceeds the regenerative braking force as friction braking force from the front wheel friction braking mechanism 21a and a control to generate the regenerative braking force by the electric motor 5.

[0060] In addition, the target braking force of the front wheel brake part 20 and the target braking force of the rear wheel brake part 40 are each recorded in the predetermined ratio via the compound brake control when distributing the requested braking force, for example depending on the driving condition of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 (e.g. in the ratio of braking force on front wheel 3 to braking force on rear wheel 4 with undiminished driving stability of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 or the like).

[0061] The first control part 61 acquires information regarding the regenerative braking force that can be generated by the power supply 6 depending on the power storage conditions and compares the target braking force of the rear wheel braking part 40 with the regenerative braking force that can be generated by the rear wheel braking part 40. If the target braking force of the rear wheel braking part 40 is within the regenerative braking force that can be generated by the rear wheel braking part 40, the first control part 61 performs friction braking force control to generate the target braking force of the front wheel braking part 20 as the friction braking force of the friction braking mechanism.On the other hand, when the target braking force from the rear wheel braking part 40 exceeds the regenerative braking force that can be generated by the rear wheel braking part 40, the first control part 61 performs friction braking force control, after which it generates, in addition to the target braking force from the front wheel braking part 20, a braking force as friction braking force from the front wheel friction braking mechanism 21a, which braking force corresponds to the difference between the target braking force from the rear wheel braking part 40 and the regenerative braking force that can be generated by the rear wheel braking part 40 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “insufficient braking force”).

[0062] Specifically, in the friction brake force control, for example, the charge valve 32, release valve 33, and switching valve 38a are controlled to the energized state, the pressure build-up valve 39 is controlled to the de-energized state, and further, the motor 36 is controlled to the drive state. Through this type of control, the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a supplied by the movement of the actuating element 11 from the master cylinder 23 is released to a predetermined amount and reduced to a predetermined value of the master cylinder 23, thereby generating the target braking force from the front wheel brake part 20 and the aforementioned insufficient braking force as friction braking forces from the friction imparting device 22a. That is, at the front wheel brake part 20, during the execution of the compound brake control, the friction braking force imparted by the friction imparting device 22a to the front wheel 3 is generated in accordance with the movement of the actuating element 11.

[0063] On the other hand, the second control part 62 controls the current for charging the power storage device to the extent that generation is possible depending on, for example, the driving conditions of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 (e.g., speed, inclination, etc.) and power storage conditions, as well as to the extent up to the target braking force from the rear wheel braking part 40, so that a regenerative braking force is generated by the regenerative braking mechanism.

[0064] Furthermore, during friction brake control, when the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 needs to be increased, for example, when the regenerative braking force that can be generated by the rear wheel braking part 40 decreases during the execution of the friction braking control, or the like, the first control part 61 controls the charging valve 32 and the releasing valve 33 to the de-energized state and the switching valve 38a and the pressure build-up valve 39 to the energized state, and drives the motor 36 by a drive amount corresponding to the output signal of the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83. By increasing the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a by such control, control is performed to increase the friction braking force from the friction imparting device 22a and compensate for the amount of the decreased regenerative braking force. That is,, in the front wheel brake part 20, during the execution of the compound brake control, the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 by the friction imparting device 22a increases regardless of a movement of the operating element 11.

[0065] During friction brake control, when the friction braking force applied to the front wheel 3 needs to be reduced, for example, when the regenerative braking force generated by the rear wheel brake part 40 increases during the execution of the friction brake control, or the like, the first control part 61 controls the charging valve 32 and the releasing valve 33 to the energized state and drives the motor 36 with a drive quantity corresponding to the output signals of the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 and the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83. By reducing the brake fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27a through such control, the friction braking force applied by the friction imparting device 22a is reduced. That is, in the front wheel brake part 20, during the execution of the compound brake control, the friction braking force applied by the friction imparting device 22a to the front wheel 3 decreases regardless of the movement of the operating member 11.

[0066] Through these controls, the total braking force generated by the braking system 100, ie the sum of friction braking force from the front wheel braking part 20 and regenerative braking force from the rear wheel braking part 40, is controlled to adjust to the braking force requested by the driver.

[0067] The control device 60 may also perform lock, slip, stop assist, and emergency brake control operations, which are explained below, while performing the compound brake control.

[0068] In a case where the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 is traveling in a state where the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4 are about to lock or are likely to lock, the control device 60 performs a lock control operation to suppress the lock. The lock control operation includes an operation in which anti-lock brake control of each wheel is performed. When the control device 60 performs the lock control operation, it may also control another system installed in the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 in addition to the brake system 100. The control device 60 performs the lock control operation regardless of a movement of the operating member 11.

[0069] The locking occurring in the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 and the possibility of locking can be judged by a publicly known method using the output signals of the front wheel rotation speed sensor 81 and the rear wheel rotation speed sensor 91.

[0070] During the execution of the lock control operation, in a state where it is necessary to reduce the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3, the first control part 61 controls the charging valve 32 and the releasing valve 33 to the energized state and drives the motor 36 by a drive amount corresponding to the output signals of the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 and the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83. Through such control, the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a decreases, and the friction material (not shown) of the friction imparting device 22a is separated from the disc rotor 3a. That is,, in the front wheel brake part 20, during the execution of the lock control operation, the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 by the friction imparting device 22a changes through the control of the charge valve 32, the release valve 33 and the motor 36 by the control device 60, regardless of a movement of the actuating element 11. In this case, the output signals of the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 and the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 can also be replaced, and those command signals which the first control part 61 has immediately previously sent to the drivers of the charge valve 32, release valve 33 and motor 36 can be used instead.

[0071] During the execution of the lock control operation, the second control part 62 reduces the current for charging the power storage device in the power supply 6 in a state where it is necessary to reduce the regenerative braking force imparted to the rear wheel 4. Through this type of control, the current load on the electric motor 5 acting as a generator is reduced and the regenerative braking force generated by the electric motor 5 is reduced. That is, in the rear wheel braking part 40, during the execution of the lock control operation, the regenerative braking force imparted by the electric motor 5 to the rear wheel 4 changes by controlling the current for charging the power storage device, regardless of the movement of the operating member 11.

[0072] During the execution of the lock control operation, when the rear wheel 4 locks or has a possibility of locking due to the regenerative braking force applied to the rear wheel 4, the first control part 61 controls the charge valve 32 and the release valve 33 to the de-energized state and the switching valve 38a and the pressure build-up valve 39 to the energized state, and drives the motor 36 by a drive amount corresponding to the output signal of the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83. By such control, the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a increases, and the friction material (not shown) of the friction imparting device 22a is pressed against the disc rotor 3a. That is,, in the front wheel brake part 20, during the execution of the lock control operation, the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 by the friction imparting device 22a is generated or increased by the control of the charge valve 32, the release valve 33, the switching valve 38a, the pressure build-up valve 39, and the motor 36 by the control device 60, regardless of a movement of the operating member 11. In this way, in the event that the regenerative braking force decreases due to locking of the rear wheel 4, the proportion of this decrease can be compensated by the proportion of this increase in the friction braking force at the front wheel.

[0073] In a case where the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 is traveling in a state where the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4 slip in excess of the reference value or the possibility of slipping arises, the control device 60 performs a slip control operation to suppress the slip. The slip control operation includes, for example, an operation in which anti-lock brake control of each wheel is performed, an operation in which spin suppression control of each wheel is performed, an operation in which skid suppression control of each wheel is performed, and so on. When the control device 60 performs the slip control operation, it may also control another system installed in the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 in addition to the brake system 100. The control device 60 performs the slip control operation regardless of a movement of the operating member 11.

[0074] The slippage generated at the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 and the possibility of slippage can be judged by a publicly known method using the output signals of the front wheel rotation speed sensor 81 and the rear wheel rotation speed sensor 91.

[0075] During the execution of the slip control operation, in a state where it is necessary to reduce the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3, the first control part 61 controls the charging valve 32 and the releasing valve 33 to an energized state, and further drives the motor 36 by a drive amount corresponding to the output signals of the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 and the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83. Through such control, the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a decreases, and the friction material (not shown) of the friction imparting device 22a is separated from the disc rotor 3a. That is,, in the front wheel brake part 20, during the execution of the slip control operation, the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 by the friction imparting device 22a changes through the control of the charge valve 32, the release valve 33 and the motor 36 by the control device 60, regardless of a movement of the actuating element 11. In this case, the output signals of the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 and the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 can also be replaced, and those command signals which the first control part 61 has immediately previously sent to the drivers of the charge valve 32, release valve 33 and motor 36 can be used instead.

[0076] During the execution of the slip control operation, the second control part 62 reduces the current for charging the power storage device in the power supply 6 in a state where it is necessary to reduce the regenerative braking force applied to the rear wheel 4. Through such control, the current load on the electric motor 5 acting as a generator is reduced and the regenerative braking force generated by the electric motor 5 is reduced. That is, in the rear-wheel braking part 40, during the execution of the slip control operation, the braking force applied by the electric motor 5 to the rear wheel 4 changes by controlling the current for charging the power storage device, regardless of the movement of the operating member 11.

[0077] During execution of the slip control operation, in a state where it is necessary to generate or increase the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 (e.g., when the rear wheel 4 slips or has a possibility of slipping due to the regenerative braking force during cornering of the two-wheeled vehicle 10), the first control part 61 controls the charge valve 32 and the release valve 33 to a non-energized state and the switching valve 38a and the pressure build-up valve 39 to an energized state, and further drives the motor 36 by a drive amount corresponding to the output signal of the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83. By such control, the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a increases, and the friction material (not shown) of the friction imparting device 22a is pressed against the disc rotor 3a. That is,, in the front wheel brake part 20, during execution of the slip control operation, the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 by the friction imparting device 22a is generated or increased by controlling the charge valve 32, the release valve 33, the switching valve 38a, the pressure build-up valve 39, and the motor 36 by the control device 60, regardless of a movement of the operating member 11. In this way, in the event that the regenerative braking force decreases due to slip of the rear wheel 4, the proportion of this decrease can be compensated by the proportion of the increase in the friction braking force at the front wheel. In this case, the output signal of the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 can also be replaced, and in its place the command signals which the first control part 61 has immediately previously sent to the drivers of the charging valve 32, release valve 33, switching valve 38a, pressure build-up valve 39 and motor 36 can be used.

[0078] During the execution of the lock control operation or the slip control operation, the second control part 62 increases the current for charging the power storage device in the power supply 6 in a state where it is necessary to increase the regenerative braking force imparted to the rear wheel 4. Through such control, the current load to the electric motor 5 acting as a generator is increased, thus increasing the regenerative braking force generated by the electric motor 5. That is, in the rear-wheel braking part 40, during the execution of the slip control operation, the regenerative braking force imparted by the electric motor 5 to the rear wheel 4 changes by controlling the current for charging the power storage device, regardless of the movement of the operating member 11.

[0079] When the driver operates the operating member 11 In a state where the two-wheeled vehicle 10 is stopped or stopped, the control device 60 performs a stop assist control operation in which it generates a braking force at least on the front wheel 3 and assists the two-wheeled vehicle 10 to enter or maintain the stopped state. When the control device 60 performs the stop assist control operation, it may also control another system installed in the two-wheeled vehicle 10 in addition to the brake system 100. The stop assist control operation is canceled when, for example, the driver's hand releases the operating member 11 and it is judged that the operation is completed, or the like.

[0080] During execution of the stop assist control operation, in a state where it is necessary to increase the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 (e.g., when the braking force corresponding to the operation amount of the operating member 11 falls below the braking force for maintaining the stopped state of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, or the like), the first control part 61 controls the charging valve 32 and the releasing valve 33 to the de-energized state and the switching valve 38a and the pressure build-up valve 39 to the energized state, and further drives the motor 36 by a drive amount corresponding to the output signal of the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83. By such control, the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a increases, and the friction material (not shown) of the friction imparting device 22a is pressed against the disc rotor 3a. That is,In the front-wheel brake part 20, during the execution of the stop-assist control operation, the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 by the friction imparting device 22a changes through the control of the charge valve 32, the release valve 33, the switching valve 38a, the pressure build-up valve 39, and the motor 36 by the control device 60, regardless of the movement of the actuating element 11. In this case, the output signal of the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 can also be replaced by the command signals that the first control part 61 immediately previously sent to the drivers of the charge valve 32, the release valve 33, the switching valve 38a, the pressure build-up valve 39, and the motor 36 can be used instead. Likewise, during the execution of the stop-assist control operation, for example, the regenerative braking force imparted to the rear wheel 4 can be increased.

[0081] When the two-wheeled vehicle 10 needs to be urgently decelerated or stopped based on the information regarding the surroundings of the two-wheeled vehicle 10 detected by the surrounding sensor 93, the control device 60 performs an emergency braking control operation to generate a friction braking force at least on the front wheel 3. When the control device 60 performs the emergency braking control operation, it may also control another system installed in the two-wheeled vehicle 10 in addition to the braking system 100. Furthermore, it may perform control to execute the aforementioned compound braking control, thereby distributing the braking force for urgently decelerating or stopping the two-wheeled vehicle 10 between the target braking force from the front-wheel braking part 20 and the target braking force from the rear-wheel braking part 40, thereby generating the braking forces.

[0082] During execution of the emergency brake control operation, in a state where it is necessary to increase the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3, the first control part 61 controls the charge valve 32 and the release valve 33 to the de-energized state and the switching valve 38a and the pressure build-up valve 39 to the energized state, and further drives the motor 36 by a drive amount corresponding to the output signal of the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83. By such control, the fluid pressure of the brake fluid of the wheel cylinder 27a increases, and the friction material (not shown) of the friction imparting device 22a is pressed against the disc rotor 3a. That is,, in the front wheel brake part 20, during the execution of the emergency brake control operation, the friction braking force imparted to the front wheel 3 by the friction imparting device 22a changes through the control of the charge valve 32, the release valve 33, the switching valve 38a, the pressure build-up valve 39 and the motor 36 by the control device 60, regardless of a movement of the actuating element 11. In this case, the output signal of the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 can also be replaced, and in its place can be used those command signals which the first control part 61 has immediately previously sent to the drivers of the charge valve 32, release valve 33, switching valve 38a, pressure build-up valve 39 and motor 36.

[0083] During the execution of the emergency braking control operation, the second control part 62 increases the current for charging the power storage device in the power supply unit 6 in a state where it is necessary to increase the regenerative braking force imparted to the rear wheel 4. Through such control, the current load to the electric motor 5 acting as a generator is increased, thus increasing the regenerative braking force generated by the electric motor 5. That is, in the rear wheel braking part 40, during the execution of the slip control operation, the regenerative braking force imparted by the electric motor 5 to the rear wheel 4 changes by controlling the current for charging the power storage device in the power supply unit 6 by the control device 60, regardless of the movement of the operating member 11.

[0084] The control device 60 may also be constructed such that, for example, in the aforementioned compound brake control or the lock, skid, stop assist or emergency brake control operation or the like, it leaves the target braking force of the front wheel brake part 20 and rear wheel brake part 40 partially or completely to the friction braking force of the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b.

[0085] The control device 60 includes the aforementioned detection part 63 for detecting abnormality information regarding abnormalities of the front wheel brake part 20 and the execution part 64 for performing the control of the relief valve 38b and the pump 35b as actuators based on the abnormality information.

[0086] The detection part 63 monitors, for example, the outputs of the rear wheel rotation speed sensor 91 and the battery level sensor 92, etc., and judges, based on the outputs of these sensors, etc., at predetermined intervals whether the electric motor 5 functioning as a regenerative braking mechanism can function as a generator and generate the regenerative braking force. If it is judged that the regenerative braking mechanism can generate the regenerative braking force, it inputs regeneration information indicating that the regenerative braking force can be generated into a storage means of the control device 60 and continues monitoring and judging. On the other hand, if it is judged that the regenerative braking force cannot be generated (e.g., when the rotation speed of the rear wheel 4 is lower than the reference value for power generation, when the available capacity of the power storage device is insufficient, or the like), the control device 60 determines whether the regenerative braking force can be generated.), it inputs regeneration information into the storage means of the control device 60 indicating that the regenerative braking force cannot be generated.

[0087] Further, the detection part 63 monitors, for example, the histories of the outputs of the front wheel rotational speed sensor 81, the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82, and the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83, as well as the operations of the first control part 61 and the second control part 62, etc., and judges at predetermined intervals whether the front wheel brake part 20 is operating normally. If it is now judged that the front wheel brake part 20 is operating normally, it inputs abnormality information into the storage means of the control device 60, indicating that there is no abnormality in the front wheel brake part 20, and continues monitoring and judging. On the other hand, if it is judged that the front wheel brake part 20 is operating abnormally (e.g.,When the actual braking force output from the front wheel brake part 20 is less than the target braking force of the front wheel brake part 20, or when the output values ​​of the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82 and the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83 at a given time point fall below a predetermined reference value and there is a risk that the braking force of the front wheel brake part 20 is less than the target braking force, or the like, it inputs abnormality information into the storage means of the control device 60 indicating that there is an abnormality in the front wheel brake part 20.

[0088] On the other hand, when it is judged from the regeneration information inputted into the storage means of the control device 60 that the regenerative braking force cannot be generated, the execution part 64 executes control to operate the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b as actuators and to generate, increase, decrease, or eliminate the friction braking force by the rear wheel friction braking mechanism 21b based on, for example, the traveling state of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, the operating state of the operating member 11, etc.

[0089] In addition, when judging that there is an abnormality in the front wheel brake part 20 based on the abnormality information inputted into the storage means of the control device 60, the execution part 64 executes control to operate the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b as actuators and generate, increase, decrease, or eliminate the friction braking force by the rear wheel friction braking mechanism 21b based on, for example, the traveling state of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, the operating state of the operating member 11, etc.

[0090] As already mentioned, the braking system 100 according to the present embodiment is a braking system for a rear-wheel drive two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, comprising the front-wheel braking part 20 for braking the front wheel 3 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, the rear-wheel braking part 40 for braking the rear wheel 4 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, and the actuating element 11 actuated by the driver of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10. The front-wheel braking part 20 comprises the front-wheel friction braking mechanism 21a, which is connected to the actuating element 11 via fluid pressure and brakes the front wheel 3 with a friction force corresponding to the fluid pressure. The rear-wheel braking part 40 comprises the regenerative braking mechanism 5, which generates a regenerative braking force on the rear wheel 4 corresponding to the rotation of the rear wheel 4, and the two-wire rear-wheel friction braking mechanism 21b.which brakes the rear wheel 4 with a friction force corresponding to the controls of the pump 35b and the pressure relief valve 38b on the rear wheel side as actuators, without being connected to the actuating element 11 via fluid pressure.

[0091] Furthermore, the braking system 100 according to the present embodiment is a braking system for a two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 as a saddle-type rear-wheel drive vehicle, comprising the front-wheel braking part 20 for braking the front wheel 3 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, the rear-wheel braking part 40 for braking the rear wheel 4 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, and the operating member 11 operated by the driver of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10. The front-wheel braking part 20 is equipped with the front-wheel friction braking mechanism 21a (consisting of the friction imparting device 22a, the master cylinder 23, the reservoir 24a, the fluid path 25, the wheel cylinder 27a, the fluid pressure regulating unit 30, the control device 60, etc.), which generates the friction braking force exclusively at the front wheel 3 and, for example, B. during service braking, the friction braking force can be generated in accordance with the movement of the actuating element 11.In contrast, the rear wheel brake part 40 is equipped with the electric motor 5, which functions as a generator for generating the regenerative braking force at the rear wheel 4 and generates the regenerative torque acting as the regenerative braking force. Furthermore, the front wheel brake part 20 is configured to increase and decrease the friction braking force through the front wheel friction braking mechanism 21a (consisting of the friction imparting device 22a, master cylinder 23, reservoir 24a, fluid path 25, wheel cylinder 27a, fluid pressure control unit 30, etc.) independently of the movement of the operating member 11, for example, when performing compound braking control or lock, skid, stop assist, and emergency braking control operations, etc., by the control device 60.

[0092] Furthermore, the braking system 100 according to the present embodiment is configured to be equipped with a single common operating element 11 for the front wheel braking part 20 and the rear wheel braking part 40, and the control device 60, by executing the compound braking control, distributes the braking force requested by the driver, which is detected from the operation amount of the operating element 11, to the target braking force from the front wheel braking part 20 and the target braking force from the rear wheel braking part 40, thereby generating the braking forces by the front wheel braking mechanism and the rear wheel braking mechanism.

[0093] Furthermore, the brake system 100 according to the present embodiment is constructed to include an operating member to be operated by the driver's hand as one and the same operating member 11 for both the front wheel brake part 20 and the rear wheel brake part 40.

[0094] Note that although the brake system 100 in the present embodiment is equipped with the operating element 11 to be operated by the driver's hand, it may also be equipped with an operating element to be operated by the driver's foot or the like, in addition to the driver's hand. <Bzgl. Effekt des Bremssystems>

[0095] Conventionally, among braking systems for caliper-type rear-wheel drive vehicles in which the rear wheel is driven by an electric motor, there are structures including both a regenerative braking mechanism that uses regenerative torque generated by the electric motor during rotation of the rear wheel as a generator to act on the rear wheel and decelerate it, and a friction braking mechanism that generates frictional force on the front wheel in response to the driver's brake lever operation. In braking systems with such a structure, the regenerative braking mechanism inputs rotational force to the axle of the electric motor, causing the electric motor to act as a generator, and uses the regenerative torque generated during power generation to decelerate the wheel of the caliper-type vehicle, possibly with a braking effect.the regenerative braking force that can be generated by the regenerative braking mechanism falls below the target value or the regenerative braking force cannot be generated, for example, when the rotational speed of the rear wheel to which the electric motor is connected is too low or the rotation of the rear wheel stops or the electric motor is unable to generate power, so that there is a risk that the two-wheeled motor vehicle cannot be stopped in the running state or the stopped state cannot be maintained.

[0096] In contrast, the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 according to the present embodiment is a saddle-type rear-wheel drive vehicle in which the rear wheel 4 is driven by an electric motor 5, and the braking system 100 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 is a braking system for the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 with rear-wheel drive, comprising the front wheel braking part 20 for braking the front wheel 3 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, the rear wheel braking part 40 for braking the rear wheel 4 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, and the at least one actuating element 11 actuated by the driver of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, wherein the front wheel braking part 20 comprises the front wheel friction braking mechanism 21a, which is connected to the actuating element 11 via fluid pressure and brakes the front wheel 3 with a friction force corresponding to the fluid pressure, and wherein the rear wheel braking part 40 comprises the regenerative braking mechanism (Electric motor 5),which generates a regenerative braking force at the rear wheel 4 corresponding to the rotation of the rear wheel 4, and comprises the two-wire rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b, which brakes the rear wheel 4 with a friction force corresponding to the controls of the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b on the rear wheel side as actuators in accordance with the inputs of the electrical control signals, without being connected to the actuator 11 via fluid pressure.

[0097] In this configuration, since the rear wheel brake part 40 includes both the regenerative braking mechanism and the two-wire rear wheel friction braking mechanism 21b that brakes the rear wheel 4 with the friction force corresponding to the controls of the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b on the rear wheel side, without being connected to the actuator 11 via fluid pressure, it can impart the predetermined friction force preset in accordance with these controls to the rear wheel 4 through the rear wheel friction braking mechanism 21b by the controls of the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b as actuators and generate the braking force at the rear wheel 4, thereby increasing the braking force that can be generated by the braking system 100, so that the safety of braking of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 can be improved.Furthermore, since the rear wheel brake part 40 is equipped with the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b which is different from the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a of the front wheel brake part 20, the rear wheel brake part 40 can brake the rear wheel 4 even if, for example, there is an abnormality in the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a of the front wheel brake part 20 and the front wheel brake part 20 cannot brake the front wheel 3, so that the safety of braking of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 can be improved.

[0098] The rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b according to the present embodiment is equipped with the wheel cylinder 27b to which the fluid pressure of the brake fluid is input, and includes the friction imparting device 22b for imparting frictional force to the rear wheel 4 corresponding to the fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27b, the pump 35b for increasing the fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder 27b by shifting the brake fluid to the wheel cylinder 27b, and the relief valve 38b for discharging the brake fluid from the wheel cylinder 27b. When the frictional force imparted to the rear wheel 4 is generated or increased, the pump 35b is driven as an actuator, thereby shifting the brake fluid to the wheel cylinder 27b and thus increasing the fluid pressure. Conversely, when the frictional force imparted to the rear wheel 4 is decreased or decreased, the pump 35b is driven as an actuator, thereby shifting the brake fluid to the wheel cylinder 27b and thus increasing the fluid pressure.is eliminated, the pressure relief valve 38b is controlled as an actuator in the open state, whereby the brake fluid escapes from the wheel cylinder 27b and thus the fluid pressure is reduced.

[0099] With this structure, since the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b brakes the rear wheel 4 with the friction force corresponding to the controls of the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b on the rear wheel side, the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b can be operated as actuators according to the input electrical control signals, and the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b can be implemented as a two-wire type, so that the brake system 100 can be easily installed in the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10.

[0100] In the brake system 100 according to the present embodiment, the fluid paths 25c-25e, the charge valve 32, the release valve 33, the accumulator 34, the pump 35a, the motor 36, the switching valve 38a, and the pressure build-up valve 39 of the front-wheel friction brake mechanism 21a are provided on the base 31, and the fluid paths 26c, 26d, the pump 35b, and the relief valve 38b of the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b are provided on the base 31. That is, the front-wheel friction brake mechanism 21a and the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b are at least partially provided on the common base 31.

[0101] Since the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a and the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b are at least partially provided on the common base 31 in this structure, the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a and the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b can be easily attached to the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10.

[0102] Since the brake system 100 according to the present embodiment is provided with the operating member 11 to be operated by the driver and performs, for example, in the compound brake control to be performed by the control device 60, control such that the braking force requested based on the operation amount of the operating member 11 is distributed between the regenerative braking force from the rear wheel brake part 40 and the braking force by the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a of the front wheel brake part 20, it is constructed such that the front wheel brake part 20 and the rear wheel brake part 40 have the common operating member 11.

[0103] Since the driver can operate the front wheel brake part 20 and the rear wheel brake part 40 by operating the operating element 11 in this structure, the operability of the brake system 100 can be improved.

[0104] The brake system 100 according to the present embodiment is constructed to include, as the operating member to be operated by the driver, the single operating member 11 connected to the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a of the front wheel brake part 20 via fluid pressure.

[0105] Since in this structure the driver can operate the braking system 100 by operating a single operating element 11, the operability of the braking system 100 can be improved.

[0106] In the brake system 100 according to the present embodiment, the operating element 11 to be operated by the driver is designed as a brake lever provided on the handlebar 2, which is operated by the driver's hand.

[0107] Since the driver can operate the braking system 100 by manually operating the operating element 11 in this structure, more precise operation can be performed than operation by foot, thus improving the operability of the braking system 100.

[0108] It should be noted that the braking system 100 according to the embodiment is equipped with a single actuating element 11 connected to the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a via fluid pressure. However, the braking system may also include a first actuating element as the actuating element and a second actuating element, which is different from the first actuating element, as the actuating element. The front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a and the regenerative brake mechanism 5 are actuated by the first actuating element, while the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b is actuated by the second actuating element. Just as the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a may be actuated by the first actuating element, while the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b and the regenerative brake mechanism 5 are actuated by the second actuating element.and just as the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a and rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b can be actuated by the first actuating element, while the regenerative braking mechanism 5 is actuated by the second actuating element. Since in these configurations the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a, rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b, and regenerative braking mechanism 5 associated with the actuating elements are actuated via the first actuating element and second actuating element, the driver can selectively use the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a, rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b, and regenerative braking mechanism 5 by selecting either the first or second actuating element, thereby improving the operability of the braking system 100.

[0109] The braking system 100 according to the present embodiment is configured to include the control device 60 for controlling the braking force by the rear wheel braking part 40. The control device 60 performs, for example, during compound braking control, a control to distribute the braking force (requested braking force) requested by the driver based on the movement of the operating member 11 between the braking force by the front wheel friction braking mechanism 21a and the braking force by the regenerative braking mechanism 5, thereby generating or increasing the respective braking forces.

[0110] With this structure, since the control device 60 distributes the braking force requested based on the movement of the operating member 11 between the braking force by the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a and the braking force by the regenerative brake mechanism 5, it can generate braking forces at the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4, thereby improving the stability during braking of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10.

[0111] The control device 60 may also be configured to perform a control such that it distributes the requested braking force between the braking force of the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b and the braking force of the regenerative braking mechanism 5, thereby generating or increasing the respective braking forces. With this configuration, the requested braking force can be generated at the rear wheel 4.

[0112] The braking system 100 according to the present embodiment is configured to include the control device 60 for controlling the braking forces by the front wheel braking part 20 and the rear wheel braking part 40. The control device 60 performs control such that, when, for example, locking occurs or a possibility of locking occurs in the front wheel 3 during execution of the locking control operation, on the one hand, it decreases the braking force by the front wheel friction braking mechanism 21a of the front wheel braking part 20 and on the other hand, it increases the braking force by the rear wheel friction braking mechanism 21b of the rear wheel braking part 40.

[0113] With this structure, when the front wheel 3 locks or has a possibility of lock, the front wheel 3 can be released or avoided by reducing the braking force by the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a of the front wheel brake part 20, and the braking force reduced on the front wheel 3 side can be compensated on the rear wheel 4 side by increasing the braking force by the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b of the rear wheel brake part 40.

[0114] The braking system 100 according to the present embodiment is configured to include the control device 60 for controlling the braking forces by the front wheel braking part 20 and the rear wheel braking part 40. The control device 60 performs control such that, for example, when the front wheel 3 slips or has a possibility of slipping during cornering during execution of the slip control operation, on the one hand, it decreases the braking force by the front wheel friction braking mechanism 21a of the front wheel braking part 20 and on the other hand, it increases the braking force by the rear wheel friction braking mechanism 21b of the rear wheel braking part 40.

[0115] With this structure, when the front wheel 3 slips or has a possibility of slipping, the front wheel 3 can be cancelled or prevented by reducing the braking force by the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a of the front wheel brake part 20, and the braking force reduced on the front wheel 3 side can be compensated on the rear wheel 4 side by increasing the braking force by the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b of the rear wheel brake part 40.

[0116] The braking system 100 according to the present embodiment is configured to include the control device 60 for controlling the braking force by the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b, the control device 60 being provided with the detection part 63 for detecting the regeneration information regarding the regenerative braking mechanism 5 and the execution part 64 for performing control such that, when judging from the regeneration information that the regenerative braking mechanism 5 cannot generate the regenerative braking force, the control device 60 operates the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b of the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b as actuators and generates or increases the braking force by the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4.

[0117] With this configuration, since the feedthrough part 64 of the control device 60 operates the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b and generates or increases the braking force by the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4 when it is judged that the regenerative braking mechanism 5 cannot generate the regenerative braking force (e.g., when the available capacity of the power storage device in the power supply 6 is insufficient and therefore power cannot be generated by the electric motor 5, or when an abnormality of the electric motor 5 occurs and therefore power cannot be generated, or the like), it can compensate for the braking force not generated by the regenerative braking mechanism 5 with the braking force generated by the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4, thereby improving the safety of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10.

[0118] The braking system 100 according to the present embodiment is configured to include the control device 60 for controlling the braking force by the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b, the control device 60 being provided with the detection part 63 for detecting abnormality information regarding abnormalities of the front-wheel brake part 20, and the execution part 64 for performing control, wherein, when judging from the abnormality information that there is an abnormality in the front-wheel brake part 20, the control device 60 operates the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b of the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b as actuators and generates or increases the braking force by the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4.

[0119] With this structure, since the feedthrough part 64 of the control device 60 operates the pump 35b and the relief valve 38b and generates or increases the braking force by the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4 when it is judged that there is an abnormality in the front wheel brake part 20, it can compensate for the braking force not generated due to the abnormality in the front wheel brake part 20 with the braking force generated by the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4, thereby improving the safety of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10. <Ausführungsform 2>

[0120] The following is an explanation of Embodiment 2 of the brake system according to the present invention and the caliper-type vehicle equipped with the brake system with reference to the drawings. Since the structures of the caliper-type vehicle and the brake system according to the present embodiment are the same as those of the aforementioned Embodiment 1, the differences will be mainly explained here. Explanations of the structures common to those of Embodiment 1 will sometimes be omitted.

[0121] The brake system 100 according to Embodiment 1 is provided in the rear wheel brake part 40 with a fluid pressure unit as a two-wire rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b for generating the friction braking force on the rear wheel 4, which is composed of the friction imparting device 22b, the reservoir 24b, the fluid paths 26a-26e, the wheel cylinder 27b, the fluid pressure regulating unit 30, etc., wherein the friction material of the friction imparting device 22b is displaced according to the fluid pressure of the brake fluid supplied to the wheel cylinder 27a of the friction imparting device 22b, thereby imparting the friction braking force to the rear wheel 4.In contrast, the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b of the brake system 100 according to Embodiment 2 is provided with a friction imparting unit 70 which imparts the friction force to the rear wheel 4 according to the displacement of the friction materials 71a, 71b by a sliding device 73 as an actuator based on control signals from the control device 60.

[0122] A saddle-type vehicle equipped with the braking system according to embodiment 2 is tested by means of the Fig. 5 - 7 described.

[0123] Fig. 5 is a view for describing the brake system according to Embodiment 2. Fig. 6 is a view for describing the friction imparting unit of the brake system according to Embodiment 2. Fig. 7 is a view for describing the system structure of the brake system according to Embodiment 2. <Bzgl. Bremssystem>

[0124] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the braking system 100 is provided with a single operating element 11 operated by the driver of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, a front wheel braking part 20 for braking the front wheel 3, a rear wheel braking part 40 for braking the rear wheel 4, and a control device 60 for controlling the braking force at the front wheel 3 and rear wheel 4. The braking system is installed in a two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 as a saddle-type vehicle. Furthermore, the rear wheel friction braking mechanism 21b of the rear wheel braking part 40 is provided with the friction imparting unit 70 controlled by the control device 60.

[0125] As in Fig. 6, the friction imparting unit 70 is constructed as a floating caliper and is provided with friction materials 71a, 71b, a spindle 72 for regulating the distance of the friction materials 71a, 71b to the disc rotor 4a of the rear wheel and a sliding device 73 which causes a linear movement of the spindle 72.

[0126] The friction materials 71a, 71b form a pair of friction materials 71a, 71b, between which the disc rotor 4a of the rear wheel is located, wherein the respective opposite surfaces of the friction materials 71a, 71b facing the disc rotor 4a are pressed against the disc rotor 4a and thereby generate a frictional force.

[0127] The spindle 72 is connected to the sliding device 73 for linear movement and regulates the distance of the friction materials 71a, 71b from the disc rotor 4a via the linear movement. The linear movement of the spindle 72 can also be transmitted to the friction materials 71a, 71b via an elastic element, just as it can be transmitted to the friction materials 71a, 71b via a fluid such as hydraulic fluid. In the following, the direction of the rectilinear movement of the spindle 72 in which the distance of the friction materials 71a, 71b from the disc rotor 4a is reduced, ie the direction in which the friction materials 71a, 71b are brought towards the disc rotor 4a and pressed against it, is sometimes referred to as the first direction, and the direction opposite to the first direction, ie the direction in which the friction materials 71a, 71b move away from the disc rotor 4a, is referred to as the second direction.

[0128] The sliding device 73 is, for example, a motor and regulates the distance between the friction materials 71a, 71b and the spindle 72 by being activated according to the control signals from the control device 60 and causing the spindle 72 to move in a straight line. Furthermore, the sliding device 73 is mounted on an outer side of the friction-imparting unit 70 and is integrated with the friction-imparting unit 70. The friction-imparting unit 70 can also have a different structure. For example, the friction-imparting unit 70 can be constructed as opposing brake calipers. The sliding device 73 can also be installed in the friction-imparting unit 70.

[0129] If the spindle 72 in the friction imparting unit 70 is displaced by the sliding device 73 in the first direction, thereby reducing the distance of the friction materials 71a, 71b from the disc rotor 4a and pressing the friction materials 71a, 71b against the disc rotor 4a, the friction braking force increases. Conversely, if the spindle 72 is displaced by the sliding device 73 in the second direction, thereby increasing the distance of the friction materials 71a, 71b from the disc rotor 4a and removing the friction materials 71a, 71b from the disc rotor 4a, the friction braking force decreases.

[0130] As in Fig. 7, the control device 60 includes a first control part 61 provided in the front wheel brake part 20 for controlling the operations of the pusher device 73 of the friction imparting unit 70 and a second control part 62 provided in the rear wheel brake part 40 for controlling the operations of the electric motor 5 as a generator.

[0131] For example, output signals from the front wheel rotational speed sensor 81, a friction movement sensor 85, the rear wheel rotational speed sensor 91, the battery level sensor 92, the ambient sensor 93, etc., are input to the control device 60 by wire or wirelessly. Output signals from other types of sensors can also be input to the control device 60. Similar to the aforementioned Embodiment 1, the control device 60 derives a target braking force to be generated at each of the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4 based on the output signals of these types of sensors. The first control part 61 outputs a command signal corresponding to the target braking force to be generated at the front wheel 3 to the driver of the pusher device 73 by wire or wirelessly.Furthermore, the second control part 62 outputs a command signal corresponding to the target braking force to be generated at the rear wheel 4 by wire or wirelessly to the control device for controlling the current for charging the power storage device.

[0132] The friction material movement sensor 85 detects movement of the friction materials 71a, 71b of the friction imparting unit 70. The friction material movement sensor 85 is held, for example, by the friction imparting unit 70. The friction material movement sensor 85 can be any object as long as it detects a physical quantity that reflects the braking force generated by the friction imparting unit 70 on the front wheel 3. The friction material movement sensor 85 can, for example, be an object that detects the drive quantity of the sliding device 73, just as it can be an object that detects the counterforce acting on the spindle 72. The friction material movement sensor 85 can also be an object that detects another physical quantity that can be essentially converted into the drive quantity of the sliding device 73 or the counterforce acting on the spindle 72.

[0133] The first control part 61 and the second control part 62 are accommodated, for example, in the housing of the friction imparting unit 70. The first control part 61 and the second control part 62 are combined with the friction materials 71a, 71b, the spindle 72, and the sliding device 73. Furthermore, the second control part 62 can also be combined with the electric motor 5.

[0134] During the aforementioned compound brake control or the lock-up, skid-slip, stop assist, or emergency brake control operation, the control device 60 partially or completely transfers the target braking force of the front wheel brake part 20 and the rear wheel brake part 40 to the friction braking force of the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b. At this time, the control device 60 executes a control operation, after which it activates the shifting device 73 and thereby shifts the friction materials 71a, 71b such that the distance of the friction materials 71a, 71b from the disc rotor 4a is adjusted to the distance corresponding to the friction braking force transferred to the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b.

[0135] The control device 60 includes the aforementioned detection part 63 for detecting abnormality information regarding abnormalities of the front wheel brake part 20 and the execution part 64 for performing the control of the sliding device 73 as an actuator based on the abnormality information.

[0136] The detection part 63 monitors, for example, the outputs of the rear wheel rotation speed sensor 91 and the battery level sensor 92, etc., and, when it is judged that the regenerative braking mechanism cannot generate the regenerative braking force (e.g., when the rotation speed of the rear wheel 4 is lower than the reference value for power generation or the available capacity of the power storage device is insufficient, or the like), inputs regeneration information indicating that the regenerative braking force cannot be generated into the storage means of the control device 60.

[0137] Further, the detection part 63 monitors, for example, the histories of the outputs of the front wheel rotational speed sensor 81, the first brake fluid pressure sensor 82, and the second brake fluid pressure sensor 83, as well as the operations of the first control part 61 and the second control part 62, etc., and, when judging that the front wheel brake part 20 is not operating normally, inputs abnormality information indicating that there is an abnormality in the front wheel brake part 20 into the storage means of the control device 60.

[0138] On the other hand, when it is judged from the regeneration information inputted into the storage means of the control device 60 that the regenerative braking force cannot be generated, the execution part 64 executes control to operate the slide device 73 as an actuator and generate, increase, decrease, or eliminate the friction braking force by the rear wheel friction braking mechanism 21b based on, for example, the traveling state of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, the operating state of the operating member 11, etc.

[0139] In addition, when judging that there is an abnormality in the front wheel brake part 20 based on the abnormality information inputted into the storage means of the control device 60, the execution part 64 executes control to operate the shift device 73 as an actuator and generate, increase, decrease, or eliminate the friction braking force by the friction imparting unit 70 of the rear wheel friction braking mechanism 21b based on, for example, the traveling state of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, the operating state of the operating member 11, etc.

[0140] As mentioned above, the rear wheel brake part 40 according to the present embodiment is constructed so that the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b is provided with the friction imparting unit 70 and can generate the friction braking force on the rear wheel 4 according to the control of the slide device 73 as an actuator. <Effekt des Bremssystems>

[0141] The two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 according to the present embodiment is a saddle-type rear-wheel drive vehicle in which the rear wheel 4 is driven by an electric motor 5, and the braking system 100 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 is a braking system for a two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 with rear-wheel drive, comprising the front-wheel braking part 20 for braking the front wheel 3 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, the rear-wheel braking part 40 for braking the rear wheel 4 of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10, and the operating element 11 operated by the driver of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10. The front-wheel braking part 20 includes the front-wheel friction braking mechanism 21a connected to the operating element 11 via fluid pressure and braking the front wheel 3 with a friction force corresponding to the fluid pressure, and the rear-wheel braking part 40 includes the regenerative braking mechanism (electric motor 5).which generates a regenerative braking force on the rear wheel 4 corresponding to the rotation of the rear wheel 4, and comprises the two-wire rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b, which brakes the rear wheel 4 with a friction force corresponding to the control of the sliding device 73 as an actuator in accordance with the inputs of the electrical control signals, without being connected to the actuating element 11 via fluid pressure.

[0142] Since the rear wheel brake part 40 in this configuration includes both the regenerative braking mechanism and the two-wire rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b, which brakes the rear wheel 4 with the friction force corresponding to the control of the slide device 73 as an actuator, without being connected to the operating element 11 via fluid pressure, it can generate the friction force on the rear wheel 4 through the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b and brake it, thus increasing the braking force that can be generated by the braking system 100, so that the safety of braking of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 can be improved. Furthermore, since the rear wheel brake part 40 is equipped with the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b, which is different from the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a of the front wheel brake part 20, the rear wheel brake part 40 can brake the rear wheel 4 even when, for example,there is an abnormality in the front wheel friction brake mechanism 21a of the front wheel brake part 20 and the front wheel brake part 20 cannot brake the front wheel 3, so that the braking safety of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10 can be improved.

[0143] The two-wire rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b of the brake system 100 according to the present embodiment, provided in the rear wheel brake part 40, includes the friction imparting unit 70 that imparts the friction force corresponding to the displacement of the friction materials 71a, 71b to the rear wheel 4, and the shifting device 73 that shifts the friction materials 71a, 71b as the actuator controlled by the control device 60. The shifting device 73 is controlled such that, when the friction force imparted to the rear wheel 4 is generated or increased, it shifts the friction materials 71a, 71b in the direction in which they are pressed against the disc rotor 4a of the rear wheel 4, and the shifting device 73 is controlled such that, when the friction force imparted to the rear wheel 4 is reduced or eliminated, it shifts the friction materials 71a, 71b. in the direction in which they move away from the disc rotor 4a of the rear wheel 4.

[0144] With this configuration, since the control device 60 displaces the friction materials 71a, 71b by controlling the sliding device 73 and thus imparts a friction force corresponding to this displacement to the rear wheel 4, the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b of the brake system 100 can increase or decrease the braking force on the rear wheel 4 regardless of the movement of the actuating element 11. Furthermore, since the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b is configured to increase or decrease the braking force on the rear wheel 4 by controlling the sliding device 73 by the control device 60, and to generate the braking force exclusively on the rear wheel 4, it is sufficient to route the control line connecting the control device 60 and the sliding device 73 in a narrower range, thereby improving the installability of the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b.

[0145] The braking system 100 according to the present embodiment is configured to include the control device 60 for controlling the braking force of the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b, the control device 60 being provided with the detection part 63 for detecting abnormality information regarding abnormalities of the front-wheel brake part 20, and the execution part 64 for performing control, wherein, when judging from the abnormality information that there is an abnormality in the front-wheel brake part 20, the control device 60 operates the shift device 73 of the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b as an actuator and generates or increases the braking force by the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4.

[0146] With this structure, since the feedthrough part 64 of the control device 60 operates the shifting device 73 and generates or increases the braking force by the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4 when it is judged that there is an abnormality in the front wheel brake part 20, it can compensate for the braking force not generated due to the abnormality in the front wheel brake part 20 with the braking force generated by the rear wheel friction brake mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4, thereby improving the safety of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10.

[0147] The braking system 100 according to the present embodiment is configured to include the control device 60 for controlling the braking force from the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b, the control device 60 being provided with the detecting part 63 for detecting regeneration information regarding the regenerative braking mechanism 5, and the executing part 64 for executing control such that, when judging from the regeneration information that the regenerative braking mechanism 5 cannot generate the regenerative braking force, the control device 60 operates the shifting device 73 of the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b as an actuator and generates or increases the braking force from the rear-wheel friction brake mechanism 21b to the rear wheel 4.

[0148] With this configuration, since the feedthrough part 64 of the control device 60 operates the shifting device 73 and generates or increases the braking force by the rear-wheel friction braking mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4 when it is judged that the regenerative braking mechanism 5 cannot generate the regenerative braking force (e.g., when the available capacity of the power storage device in the power supply 6 is insufficient and therefore power cannot be generated by the electric motor 5, or when an abnormality of the electric motor 5 occurs and therefore power cannot be generated, or the like), it can compensate for the braking force not generated by the regenerative braking mechanism 5 with the braking force generated by the rear-wheel friction braking mechanism 21b on the rear wheel 4, thereby improving the safety of the two-wheeled motor vehicle 10.

[0149] Although the braking system according to the embodiments has been described so far, the braking system according to the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. For example, only parts of the embodiments may be implemented. [List of reference symbols]

[0150] 1 Frame, 2 Handlebar, 3 Front wheel, 4 Rear wheel, 5 Electric motor, 6 Power supply, 10 Two-wheeled motor vehicle, 11 Actuating element, 20 Front wheel brake part, 21a Front wheel friction brake mechanism, 21b Rear wheel friction brake mechanism, 22a Friction imparting device, 22b Friction imparting device, 23 Master cylinder, 24a Reservoir, 24b Reservoir, 25a-25e Fluid paths, 26a-26e Fluid paths, 27a Wheel cylinder, 27b Wheel cylinder, 30 Fluid pressure regulating unit, 31 Base, 32 Charge valve, 33 Release valve, 34 Accumulator, 35a Pump, 35b Pump (actuator), 36 Motor, 37 Housing, 38a Switching valve, 38b Relief valve (actuator), 39 Pressure build-up valve, 40 Rear wheel brake part, 60 Control device, 61 First control part, 62 Second control part, 70 Friction imparting unit, 71a Friction material, 71b Friction material, 72 Spindle, 73 Slide device (actuator), 81 Front wheel rotation speed sensor, 82 First brake fluid pressure sensor, 83 Second brake fluid pressure sensor, 85 Friction material movement sensor,91 Rear wheel speed sensor, 92 Battery level sensor, 93 Environment sensor, 100 Brake system, QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] JP 2015-523259 A

[0003]

Claims

[1] Braking system (100) for a rear-wheel drive saddle-type vehicle (10), comprising a front wheel brake part (20) for braking the front wheel (3) of the saddle-type vehicle (10), a rear wheel brake part (40) for braking the rear wheel (4) of the vehicle (10) of the saddle type and at least one actuating element (11) actuated by a driver of the saddle-type vehicle (10), wherein the front wheel brake part (20) comprises a front wheel friction brake mechanism (21a) which is connected to the actuating element (11) via fluid pressure and brakes the front wheel (3) with a friction force corresponding to the fluid pressure, wherein the rear wheel brake part (40) comprises a regenerative brake mechanism (5) which generates a regenerative braking force on the rear wheel (4) corresponding to the rotation of the rear wheel (4), and wherein the rear wheel brake part (40) additionally comprises a two-wire rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b) which brakes the rear wheel (4) with a friction force corresponding to the control of the actuator (35b, 38b, 73) without being connected to the actuating element (11) via fluid pressure. [2] Braking system according to claim 1, wherein the rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b) a friction imparting device (22b) which is equipped with a wheel cylinder (27b) into which a fluid pressure of a brake fluid is input, and which imparts to the rear wheel (4) a friction force corresponding to the fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder (27b), a pump (35b) as the actuator, which shifts brake fluid to the wheel cylinder (27b), and a pressure relief valve (38b) as the actuator, which drains brake fluid from the wheel cylinder (27b), includes, wherein by driving the pump (35b), when the frictional force imparted to the rear wheel (4) is generated or increased, the fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder (27b) is increased, and wherein by opening the relief valve (38b) when the frictional force imparted to the rear wheel (4) is reduced or eliminated, the fluid pressure of the wheel cylinder (27b) is reduced. [3] A braking system according to claim 2, wherein the front wheel friction brake mechanism (21a) and the rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b) are at least partially provided on a common base (31). [4] Braking system according to claim 1, wherein the rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b) a friction imparting device (70) which imparts to the rear wheel (4) a friction force corresponding to the displacement of the friction materials (71a, 71b), and a sliding device (73) as the actuator, which moves the friction materials (71a, 71b), wherein the sliding device (73) is controlled such that, when the frictional force imparted to the rear wheel (4) is generated or increased, it slides the friction materials (71a, 71b) in the direction in which they are pressed against the rear wheel (4), and wherein the shifting device (73) is controlled such that, when the frictional force imparted to the rear wheel (4) is reduced or eliminated, it shifts the friction materials (71a, 71b) in the direction in which they move away from the rear wheel (4). [5] Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the actuating element (11) is a common actuating element for the front wheel brake part (20) and the rear wheel brake part (40). [6] Braking system according to claim 5, wherein the actuating element (11) is in the singular. [7] Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the actuating element (11) is an actuating element to be actuated manually by the driver. [8] Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the braking system (100) a first actuating element as the actuating element, and a second actuating element which is different from the first actuating element than the actuating element includes, wherein the front wheel friction brake mechanism (21a) and the regenerative brake mechanism (5) are actuated by the first actuating element, and wherein the rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b) is actuated by the second actuating element. [9] Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the braking system (100) a first actuating element as the actuating element, and a second actuating element which is different from the first actuating element than the actuating element includes, wherein the front wheel friction brake mechanism (21a) is actuated via the first actuating element, and wherein the rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b) and the regenerative brake mechanism (5) are actuated via the second actuating element. [10] Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the braking system (100) a first actuating element as the actuating element, and a second actuating element which is different from the first actuating element than the actuating element includes, wherein the front wheel friction brake mechanism (21a) and the rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b) are actuated via the first actuating element, and wherein the regenerative brake mechanism (5) is actuated via the second actuating element. [11] Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the braking system (100) a control device (60) for controlling the braking force from the rear wheel brake part (40), wherein the control device (60) carries out a control according to which it distributes the braking force requested by the driver based on the movement of the actuating element (11) between the braking force by the rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b) and the braking force by the regenerative brake mechanism (5) and thereby generates or increases the respective braking forces. [12] Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the braking system (100) a control device (60) for controlling the braking forces from the front wheel brake part (20) and rear wheel brake part (40), wherein the control device (60) carries out a control such that when the front wheel (3) locks or has a possibility of locking, or when the saddle-type vehicle (10) slips or has a possibility of slipping during cornering, it reduces the braking force from the front wheel friction brake mechanism (21a) while increasing the braking force from the rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b). [13] Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the braking system (100) is provided with a control device (60) for controlling the braking force of the rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b), wherein the control device (60) with a detection part (63) for detecting regeneration information regarding the regenerative braking mechanism (5) and an execution part (64) for carrying out a control according to which, when it is judged from the regeneration information that the regenerative braking mechanism (5) cannot generate the regenerative braking force, it operates the actuator (35b, 38b, 73) and generates or increases the braking force from the rear wheel friction braking mechanism (21b), is provided. [14] Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the braking system (100) is provided with a control device (60) for controlling a braking force from the rear wheel friction brake mechanism (21b), wherein the control device (60) with a detection part (63) for detecting anomaly information regarding anomalies of the front wheel brake part (20) and an execution part (64) for carrying out a control according to which, when it is judged from the abnormality information that there is an abnormality in the front wheel brake part (20), it puts the actuator (35b, 38b, 73) into operation and generates or increases the braking force, includes. [15] A saddle-type vehicle (10) provided with a braking system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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