Grid, water electrolysis device and fuel cell

Abstract

A network is formed from a basic structure with a multitude of support column sections and a multitude of node sections. Each of the multitude of node sections connects two or more support column sections from the multitude of support column sections. The basic structure consists of a main body and an inner section surrounded by the main body. The main body is essentially made of nickel or a nickel alloy.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a network, a water electrolysis device, and a fuel cell. The present application claims priority from Japanese patent application No. 2023-139548, filed on August 30, 2023. The entire content of the Japanese patent application is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, a mesh formed from a metal is used in an electronic device, a water electrolysis electrode or the like (PTL 1). LIST OF REFERENCE PATENT LITERATURE

[0003] PTL 1: Japanese patent disclosure no. 2009-185378 PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0004] A network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is formed from a basic structure comprising a plurality of support column sections and a plurality of node sections. Each of the plurality of node sections connects two or more support column sections of the plurality of support column sections. The basic structure consists of a main body and an inner section surrounded by the main body. The main body is essentially made of nickel or a nickel alloy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. Figure 1 is a top view of a net according to a first embodiment. Fig. Figure 2 is an end view of a support column section of the net according to the first embodiment, seen in one direction of the line with arrows II-II in Fig. 1. Fig.Figure 3 is an end view of a node section of the network according to the first embodiment, seen in one direction of the line with arrows III-III in Fig. 1. Fig. Figure 4 is a representation showing a flowchart of a process for manufacturing the network according to the first embodiment. Fig. Figure 5 is a top view of a net according to a second embodiment. Fig. Figure 6 is an end view of the net according to the second embodiment, seen in a direction indicated by arrows VI-VI. Fig. 5 matches. Fig. Figure 7 is a representation showing a flowchart of a process for manufacturing the net according to the second embodiment. Fig. Figure 8 is a top view of a net according to a first modification of the second embodiment. Fig. Figure 9 is a top view of a net according to a second modification of the second embodiment. Fig. Figure 10 is a top view of a net according to a third modification of the second embodiment. Fig. Figure 11 is a top view of a net according to a fourth modification of the second embodiment. Fig. Figure 12 is a top view of a net according to a fifth modification of the second embodiment. Fig. Figure 13 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a water electrolysis device according to a third embodiment. Fig. Figure 14 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a fuel cell according to a fourth embodiment. Fig. Figure 15 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a cell of the fuel cell according to the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [Problem to be solved by the present disclosure]

[0005] In recent years, a metal mesh has been used as an electrode for water electrolysis. Such a mesh, made of metal, must exhibit excellent mechanical strength and low electrical resistance. However, in a mesh formed by interlacing drawn metal threads, the warp thread (metal thread) and weft thread (metal thread) only contact each other at the point where they intersect. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve excellent mechanical strength and low electrical resistance in such a mesh.

[0006] The present disclosure was made with regard to the problem described above, and one object of the present invention is to provide a network with excellent mechanical strength and lower electrical resistance. [Beneficial effect of the present disclosure]

[0007] According to the present disclosure, a network with excellent mechanical strength and lower electrical resistance can be provided. [Description of the embodiments]

[0008] First, the embodiments of the present disclosure are listed and described.

[0009] (1) A network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is formed from a basic structure comprising a plurality of support column sections and a plurality of node sections. Each of the plurality of node sections connects two or more support column sections of the plurality of support column sections. The basic structure consists of a main body and an inner section surrounded by the main body. The main body is composed essentially of nickel or a nickel alloy.

[0010] In the network described in the present disclosure, the two or more support column sections are integrated into the node section. This results in a higher mechanical strength and lower electrical resistance for the network.

[0011] [2] In [1], in a cross-section of a center of each of the plurality of node sections along a longitudinal side direction of a support column section of the two or more support column sections, a first ratio of a minor axis of the inner section to a principal axis of the inner section may be 0.01 or more and 0.9 or less. In a cross-section through the center of one support column section perpendicular to the longitudinal side direction, a second ratio of a second length of the inner section to a first length of the inner section may be 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less. The first length is a length of the inner section in a direction lying in the plane of the mesh in the cross-section of the center of one support column section. The second length is a length of the inner section in a direction corresponding to the thickness of the mesh in the cross-section of the center of one support column section.

[0012] This reduces irregularities in the mesh surface. An element positioned next to the mesh is prevented from being struck and breaking. If the element is an insulating element, such as the membrane of a zero-gap water electrolysis cell, its insulating properties can be ensured.

[0013] [3] In [1] or [2], the content ratio of a first atom in the basic structure main body can be 0 ppm or more and 100 ppm or less on a mass basis, and the first atom can be at least one atom selected from a group consisting of a phosphorus atom and a boron atom.

[0014] The melting point of nickel or the nickel alloy is lowered by a reducing agent component, which is necessarily added at the time of the first atom's reduction. This gives the mesh improved mechanical strength and lower electrical resistance.

[0015] [4] At one of the points [1] to [3] the inner section may be hollow.

[0016] Therefore, the mesh can be designed with excellent mechanical strength, lower electrical resistance, and lighter weight. Furthermore, the mesh thickness can be easily adjusted by rolling it. The mesh can also be easily brought into close contact with an adjacent element (for example, the membrane of a water electrolysis cell or similar).

[0017] [5] In one of the cases [1] to [3] the inner section can consist of an alkali-resistant resin or an alkali-resistant carbon fiber.

[0018] Therefore, the mesh exhibits excellent alkali resistance. Since the inner section of the base structure is solid, the mesh has excellent mechanical strength.

[0019] The mesh can be used appropriately for a water electrolysis electrode of a water electrolysis device that uses a strongly alkaline solution.

[0020] [6] In [5] the alkali-resistant resin can be at least one resin selected from a group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, nylon and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0021] Therefore, the mesh exhibits improved alkali resistance. Since the inner section of the base structure is solid, the mesh possesses excellent mechanical strength. The mesh can be suitable for use as a water electrolysis electrode in a water electrolysis device that utilizes a strongly alkaline solution.

[0022] [7] In one of the cases [1] to [6] the openness ratio of the network may be 0.2% or more and 80% or less.

[0023] Since the mesh has an openness of 0.2% or more, it can allow liquid and gas to pass through. The mesh can be suitable for use as a water electrolysis electrode in a water electrolysis device that uses a strong alkaline solution. Furthermore, since the mesh has an openness of 80% or less, it possesses excellent mechanical strength.

[0024] [8] In one of the cases [1] to [7], an average equivalent circular diameter of the plurality of support pier sections in cross-sections of the plurality of support pier sections perpendicular to the longitudinal side directions of the plurality of support pier sections may be 0.007 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.

[0025] Therefore, the mesh exhibits higher mechanical strength. [9] In one of the cases [1] to [8], the mesh has a main surface in which a groove is formed. The depth of the groove can be 10% or more of the thickness of the mesh. In a top view of the main surface, the area of ​​the groove can be 10% or more of the area of ​​the main surface.

[0026] This can improve the uniformity of the flow of fluids such as gas and liquid in the network.

[0027]

[10] In [9], the mesh in plan view has a first edge, a second edge opposite the first edge, a third edge, and a fourth edge opposite the third edge. The third and fourth edges are each connected to the first and second edges, respectively. In plan view, the basic structure can have the form of a grid. Each of a plurality of linear bodies of the grid can extend from one of the first, second, third, and fourth edges to another of the first, second, third, and fourth edges. The minimum value of the length ratio of a section in which the groove is not formed, of each of the plurality of linear bodies can be 10% or more.

[0028] In this way, the uniformity of the flow of fluids such as gas and liquid in the network can be improved.

[0029]

[11] A water electrolysis device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a current collector; a membrane; and an electrode arranged between the current collector and the membrane. The electrode and / or the current collector consists of the network according to one of points [1] to

[10] .

[0030] Therefore, the uniformity of the flow of an aqueous solution in at least one of the electrodes and the current collector can be improved. Furthermore, the removal of the gas generated in the water electrolysis device is facilitated. The efficiency of the water electrolysis device can be improved.

[0031]

[12] A fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a current collector, an electrolyte and an electrode arranged between the current collector and the electrolyte. The current collector consists of the network according to one of points [1] to

[10] .

[0032] This improves the consistency of the gas flow in the power collector. The fuel cell's performance can be improved. [Details of the embodiments of the present disclosure]

[0033] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the figures. In each of the figures of the present disclosure, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts. Furthermore, dimensional ratios such as length, width, thickness, and depth are modified accordingly for the sake of clarity and simplification of the illustrations and do not necessarily represent the actual dimensional ratios. (First embodiment)

[0034] A network 1 according to a first embodiment is described with reference to the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 to Fig. 3 described. Fig. Figure 1 is a top view of network 1. Fig.2 is an end view, seen in the direction of arrows II-II in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an end view, seen in one direction along the line with the arrows III-III in Fig. 1.

[0035] A network 1 is formed from a basic structure 5 with a plurality of support column sections 6 and a plurality of node sections 7. Each of the plurality of node sections 7 connects two or more support column sections 6 from the plurality of support column sections 6. The basic structure 5 consists of a main body 2 and an inner section 3, which is surrounded by the main body 2. The main body 2 consists essentially of nickel or a nickel alloy.

[0036] Therefore, the network 1 has excellent mechanical strength and low electrical resistance. This is presumably due to the following reason: The basic structure 5 of the network 1 has a structure in which a multitude of hollow metal threads are connected to each other by a metallic connection at each of the multitude of node sections 7, and not a structure in which the metal threads are in contact with each other at a point where they intersect. <<Netz 1> ><Struktur des Netzes 1>

[0037] The mesh 1 (English "mesh") according to the present embodiment is formed from a basic structure 5 comprising a plurality of support column sections 6 and a plurality of node sections 7. Each of the plurality of node sections 7 connects two or more support column sections 6 of the plurality of support column sections 6. Each of the plurality of node sections 7 can connect three or more support column sections 6 of the plurality of support column sections 6. Each of the plurality of node sections 7 can connect seven or fewer support column sections 6 of the plurality of support column sections 6, can connect six or fewer support column sections 6 of the plurality of support column sections 6, can connect five or fewer support column sections 6 of the plurality of support column sections 6, or can connect four or fewer support column sections 6 of the plurality of support column sections 6.Each of the plurality of node sections 7 can connect two or more and seven or fewer support column sections 6 of the plurality of support column sections 6, can connect three or more and six or fewer support column sections 6 of the plurality of support column sections 6, can connect three or more and five or fewer support column sections 6 of the plurality of support column sections 6, or can connect three or more and four or fewer support column sections 6 of the plurality of support column sections 6. Each of the plurality of node sections 7 can connect three support column sections 6, four support column sections 6, five support column sections 6, six support column sections 6, or seven support column sections 6. It is noted that in the present disclosure, the term "network 1" refers to a structure in the form of a net. The structure in the form of a net is also referred to as a net structure.

[0038] The average equivalent circular diameter of the plurality of support pier sections 6 in the cross-sections of the plurality of support pier sections 6 perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the plurality of support pier sections 6 can be 0.007 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less. This results in the mesh 1 exhibiting higher mechanical strength. The lower limit of the average equivalent circular diameter of the plurality of support pier sections 6 can be 0.007 mm or more, 0.01 mm or more, or 0.1 mm or more. The upper limit of the average equivalent circular diameter of the plurality of support pier sections 6 can be 0.5 mm or less, 0.3 mm or less, or 0.2 mm or less. The average equivalent circular diameter of the plurality of support pier sections 6 may be 0.01 mm or more and 0.3 mm or less, or 0.1 mm or more and 0.2 mm or less.

[0039] The average equivalent circular diameter of the support column sections 6 in the cross-sections perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the support column sections 6 can be determined by the following procedure. A cross-section polisher (CP) is used to obtain the cross-sections of the support column sections 6 perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the support column sections 6. Subsequently, the cross-sections of the support column sections 6 are examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Finally, the average value of the equivalent circular diameters of ten arbitrary support column sections 6 in the cross-sections of the support column sections 6 is calculated. In this way, the average equivalent circular diameter of the support column sections 6 can be determined.

[0040] The openness ratio of mesh 1 can be 0.2% or more and 80% or less. Since the openness ratio of mesh 1 is 0.2% or more, the passage of liquid through mesh 1 is facilitated, and mesh 1 has a lower weight. Since the openness ratio of mesh 1 is 80% or less, mesh 1 has better mechanical strength and lower electrical resistance. The lower limit of the openness ratio of mesh 1 can be 0.2% or more, 6% or more, 10% or more, 20% or more, 25% or more, or 40% or more. The upper limit of the openness ratio of mesh 1 can be 80% or less, 70% or less, or 60% or less.The opening ratio of network 1 can be 0.2% or more and 70% or less, 60% or more and 80% or less, 6% or more and 70% or less, 10% or more and 70% or less, 20% or more and 70% or less, 40% or more and 60% or less.

[0041] The opening ratio of network 1 can be measured with an opening ratio measuring device disclosed in Japanese patent publication no. 2005-290623.

[0042] As in Fig.As shown in Figure 3, the thickness T of the mesh 1 is the maximum thickness of node section 7. The thickness T of the mesh 1 can be 0.05 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less. This allows the mechanical strength of the mesh 1 to be further increased. The lower limit of the thickness T of the mesh 1 can be 0.05 mm or more, 0.1 mm or more, or 0.2 mm or more. The upper limit for the thickness T of the mesh 1 can be 0.5 mm or less, 0.4 mm or less, or 0.3 mm or less. The thickness T of the mesh 1 can be 0.1 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less, or 0.2 mm or more and 0.3 mm or less.

[0043] The thickness T of network 1 can be determined using the following procedure. First, the thicknesses of the node segments 7 are measured at ten arbitrary locations in network 1 using a digital thickness gauge (Teclock). Then, the average thickness of the node segments 7 at these ten locations is calculated. This determines the thickness T of network 1.

[0044] The shape of each opening 4 of the net 1 is not specifically restricted, but can be, for example, square, hexagonal, elliptical, or triangular. The square shape can, for example, be a square shape, a rectangular shape, or a diamond shape.

[0045] The amount of basic structure 5 per unit area can be 10 g / m² 2 or more and 1000 g / m² 2 or less. Therefore, the connection is less likely to break (in other words, the basic structure 5 is less frequently severed), and the mesh 1 can be bent easily, which means that the mesh 1 can be easily manufactured under successive plating and heat treatment processes, and the mesh 1 has a lower weight. It is noted that the lower limit of the quantity per unit area is 50 g / m². 2 or more, 100 g / m² 2 or more or 200 g / m² 2or more. The upper limit for the amount per unit area can be 800 g / m². 2 or less, 500 g / m² 2 or less or 400 g / m² 2 or less. The quantity per unit area can be determined using Archimedes' method.

[0046] The basic structure 5 consists of a main body 2 and an inner section 3 surrounded by the main body 2. Thus, the mesh 1, particularly when used as an electrode for water electrolysis, can exhibit improved mechanical strength, low electrical resistance, and reduced weight. It should be noted that the expression "the basic structure 5 consists of the main body 2 and the inner section 3 surrounded by the main body 2" can also be understood as "the composition of the main body 2 differs from the composition of the inner section 3 surrounded by the main body 2 in the basic structure 5."Furthermore, the expression “the basic structure 5 consists of basic structure main body 2 and inner section 3, which is surrounded by basic structure main body 2” is a concept that includes, for example, a case in which the basic structure 5 has an end face and the inner section 3 is exposed at the end face of the basic structure 5 on the outside of the net 1.

[0047] The fact that "the basic structure 5 consists of a main body 2 and an inner section 3 surrounded by the main body 2" can be determined by the following procedure. By examining a cross-section of a support column section 6 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the support column section 6 at any point on the basic structure 5, it is confirmed that "the basic structure 5 consists of a main body 2 and an inner section 3 surrounded by a main body 2" in cross-section. Subsequently, the fact that "the basic structure 5 consists of a main body 2 and an inner section 3 surrounded by a main body 2" is confirmed in the same way at all other four points on the basic structure 5.In this way, the fact "the basic structure 5 consists of basic structure main body 2 and inner section 3 surrounded by basic structure main body 2" is established in the net 1. <Grundstrukturhauptkörper>

[0048] The basic structural body 2 consists essentially of nickel or a nickel alloy. Therefore, the mechanical strength of the network 1 is improved, and the electrical resistance of the network 1 can be reduced to a low level. Here, the expression "basic structural body 2 consists essentially of nickel or a nickel alloy" means that the basic structural body 2 may contain a component other than nickel, as long as the effects of the present disclosure are not impaired. Examples of the other component include a first atom as described below, cobalt, chromium, tin, copper, and iron. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, nickel means a nickel atom. The nickel alloy may be at least one alloy selected from the group consisting of a NiCo alloy, a NiCr alloy, a NiSn alloy, a NiCu alloy, and a NiFe alloy.

[0049] The first atom is necessarily contained in a galvanizing solution that is used in a later galvanizing step (S3). In galvanizing step (S3), the first atom is incorporated into the basic structure body 2. For example, the first atom is at least one atom selected from a group consisting of a phosphorus atom and a boron atom.

[0050] The content of the first atom in the base structure body 2 can be 0 ppm or more and 100 ppm or less on a mass basis. Since nickel and the first atom form a eutectic, the melting point of the base structure body 2 is lower than the melting point of nickel. Therefore, in a heat treatment step (S4) described later, the mesh 1 becomes more flexible to repair a plating defect in the base structure body 2. The mesh 1 has better mechanical strength and lower electrical resistance. The lower limit of the content of the first atom in the base structure body 2 can be 0 ppm or more, 5 ppm or more, or 10 ppm or more on a mass basis. The upper limit of the content of the first atom in the base structure body 2 can be 100 ppm or less, 50 ppm or less, or 30 ppm or less on a mass basis.The content ratio of the first atom in the basic structure main body 2 can be 5 ppm or more and 50 ppm or less, or 10 ppm or more and 30 ppm or less.

[0051] The composition of the basic structure main body 2 can be measured by dissolving all metal components of the basic structure main body 2 and subsequent ICP emission spectroscopy / mass spectrometry. <Innerer Abschnitt>

[0052] The inner section 3 can be hollow. Therefore, the amount of metal in the main body of the base structure 2 is relatively small, and the surface area of ​​the base structure 5 becomes large. The mesh 1 can be equipped with excellent mechanical strength, lower electrical resistance, and lower weight. In particular, if the opening 4 is rectangular, the mechanical strength of the mesh 1 is improved in one direction along a diagonal of the rectangular shape because the inner section 3 is hollow.

[0053] The following procedure can be used to determine that the inner section 3 is hollow. A CP (contrast plane) is used to obtain a cross-section of the base structure 5. Then, the cross-section of the base structure 5 is examined using a SEM (single-element electron microscope). In this way, it can be determined that the inner section 3 is hollow.

[0054] The inner section 3 can be made of an alkali-resistant resin or alkali-resistant carbon fiber. Therefore, the mesh 1 has excellent alkali resistance. Since the inner section 3 of the base structure 5 is solid, the mesh 1 has excellent mechanical strength. The mesh 1 can be suitablely used as a water electrolysis electrode in a water electrolysis device that uses a strongly alkaline solution.

[0055] The alkali-resistant resin can be at least one resin selected from a group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, nylon, and polytetrafluoroethylene. The inner section 3 can be made of a material that is more flexible than that of the main body of the base structure 2. The inner section 3 can be made of a material that has a lower specific gravity than that of the main body of the base structure 2. Therefore, the metal (i.e., nickel or a nickel alloy) and the resin, which has greater flexibility than the metal (nickel or a nickel alloy), form a composite material. The base structure 5 consists of this composite material. Therefore, the mesh 1 can be designed with excellent mechanical strength, lower electrical resistance, and lower weight.

[0056] The alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be at least one carbon fiber selected from a group consisting of a calcined polyacrylonitrile (PAN) carbon fiber and a pitch-based carbon fiber. In this way, the metal (i.e., nickel or a nickel alloy) and the carbon fiber, which has higher flexibility than the metal (nickel or a nickel alloy), form a composite material. The basic structure 5 consists of this composite material. Therefore, the mesh 1 can be designed with improved mechanical strength, lower electrical resistance, and reduced weight.

[0057] The following procedure can be used to determine that the inner section 3 consists of alkali-resistant resin or alkali-resistant carbon fiber. First, the mass (hereinafter also referred to as the "first mass") of mesh 1 is measured. Then, mesh 1 is immersed in approximately 6 mol / L of a KOH solution at 70 °C for one week. After immersion, mesh 1 is cleaned with water and then dried. Subsequently, the mass (hereinafter also referred to as the "second mass") of the dried mesh 1 is measured. Then, the formula "[{(first mass) - (second mass)} / (first mass)] × 100" is calculated. If "[{(first mass) - (second mass)} / (first mass)] × 100" is 5% or less, it is declared that "the inner section 3 consists of alkali-resistant resin or alkali-resistant carbon fiber".

[0058] The thread diameter of alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be 0.05 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less. Therefore, a mesh with excellent mechanical strength, lower electrical resistance, and lower weight can be produced. The lower limit of the thread diameter of alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be 0.05 mm or more, or 0.07 mm or more. The upper limit of the thread diameter of alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be 0.5 mm or less, 0.2 mm or less, or 0.1 mm or less. The thread diameter of alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be 0.05 mm or more and 0.2 mm or less, or 0.07 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less.

[0059] The thread diameter of the alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be specified according to the test method “Carbon fiber - Determination of thread diameter and cross-sectional area” in “JISR7607:2000”.

[0060] The density of alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be 1.7 g / cm³. 3 or more and 1.9 g / cm² 3 or less. Therefore, a mesh 1 with excellent mechanical strength, lower electrical resistance, and lower weight can be produced. The lower limit of the density of alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be 1.79 g / cm³. 3 or more, 1.80 g / cm² 3 or more or 1.81 g / cm³ 3 or more. The upper limit of the density of alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be 1.9 g / cm³. 3 or less, 1.85 g / cm² 3 or less or 1.83 g / cm³ 3 or less. The density of alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be 1.79 g / cm³. 3 or more and 1.85 g / cm² 3 or less, or 1.81 g / cm³ 3 or more and 1.83 g / cm² 3 or less.

[0061] The density of alkali-resistant carbon fiber can be specified according to the test method “Carbon fiber - Determination of density” in “JISR7603:1999”. <Erstes Verhältnis und zweites Verhältnis>

[0062] With reference to Fig.3. The first ratio D2 / D1 of a minor axis D2 of the inner section 3 to a major axis D1 of the inner section 3 can be 0.01 or more and 0.9 or less in a cross-section of the center of a node section 7 along a longitudinal side direction of a support column section 6 of two or more support column sections 6 connected by each of the plurality of node sections 7. The major axis D1 of the inner section 3 is the length of the inner section 3 in the plane direction of the mesh 1 in the cross-section of the center of the node section 7 along the longitudinal side direction of a support column section 6. The minor axis D2 of the inner section 3 is the length of the inner section 3 in the direction of the thickness of the mesh 1 in the cross-section of the center of the node section 7 along the longitudinal side direction of a support column section 6.

[0063] With reference to Fig.2. A second ratio D4 / D3 of a second length D4 of the inner section 3 to a first length D3 of the inner section 3 can be 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less in a cross-section of the center of a support column section 6 perpendicular to the longitudinal side direction of a support column section 6 of two or more support column sections 6 connected by each of the plurality of node sections 7. The first length D3 of the inner section 3 is a length of the inner section 3 in the direction of the plane of the mesh 1 in the cross-section of the center of a support column section 6. The second length D4 of the inner section 3 is a length of the inner section 3 in the thickness direction of the mesh 1 in the cross-section through the center of a support column section 6.

[0064] This reduces irregularities in the surface of the mesh 1. An element adjacent to the mesh 1 is prevented from breaking due to the mesh 1. If the element is an insulating element, such as a membrane in a zero-gap water electrolysis cell, the insulating property of the insulating element can be ensured. Furthermore, if the inner section 3 is hollow, the node section 7 is less likely to be damaged, while a large surface area of ​​the mesh 1 is maintained. Therefore, the mesh 1 can exhibit excellent mechanical strength, lower electrical resistance, and lower weight.

[0065] The lower limit of the first ratio D2 / D1 can be 0.01 or more, 0.05 or more, or 0.1 or more. The upper limit of the first ratio D2 / D1 can be 0.9 or less, 0.5 or less, or 0.4 or less. The first ratio D2 / D1 can be 0.05 or more and 0.5 or less, or 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less.

[0066] The first ratio D2 / D1 can be determined by the following procedure. A CP (computational scanning probe) is used to obtain the cross-section of the center of node section 7 along the longitudinal side direction of a support column section 6 of any two or more support column sections 6 connected by each of the plurality of node sections 7. Then, the cross-section of the center of node section 7 is observed with a SEM (single-electromechanical scanner). The average value of the first ratio D2 / D1 at ten arbitrary locations in the cross-section of the center of node section 7 is calculated. In this way, the first ratio D2 / D1 can be determined.

[0067] The lower limit of the second ratio D4 / D3 can be 0.1 or more, 0.2 or more, or 0.4 or more. The upper limit of the second ratio D4 / D3 can be 1.0 or less, 0.8 or less, or 0.5 or less. The second ratio D4 / D3 can be 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less, or 0.4 or more and 0.5 or less.

[0068] The second ratio D4 / D3 can be determined by the following procedure. A CP is used to obtain the cross-section of the midpoint of a support column section 6 of two or more support column sections 6 connected by each of the plurality of node sections 7, the cross-section being perpendicular to the longitudinal side direction of a support column section 6. Subsequently, the cross-section of the midpoint of the support column section 6 is examined with a SEM. The average value of the second ratio D4 / D3 at ten arbitrary locations in the cross-section of the midpoint of the support column section 6 is calculated. In this way, the second ratio D4 / D3 can be specified. <anwendung>

[0069] The network 1 according to the present embodiment can be used as an electrode for water electrolysis. Furthermore, the network 1 according to the present embodiment can also be used in a suitable manner, for example, in a solid oxide fuel cell, a solid oxide vapor electrolysis cell, a water electrolysis cell, an electromagnetic wave shield, or the like. It is noted that examples of water electrolysis cells include an alkaline water electrolysis cell and an anion exchange membrane water electrolysis cell. [Method for manufacturing the net 1]

[0070] A method for producing the network 1 according to the present embodiment is described by reference to Fig. 4 described.

[0071] The method for producing the mesh 1 according to the present embodiment comprises, for example, the following steps in the following order: a step (step S1) for producing a fabric; a step (step S2) for obtaining a mesh intermediate; and a step (step S3) for coating or electroplating a surface of the mesh intermediate. The method for producing the mesh 1 according to the present embodiment may further comprise a heat treatment step (step S4) after the electroplating step (step S3). The method for producing the mesh 1 according to the present embodiment may further comprise a rolling step (step S5). <<Schritt S1> >

[0072] In step S1, a fabric is prepared. The fabric can be prepared by purchasing a commercially available product or by manufacturing it using a method known from the prior art.

[0073] The weave of the fabric can be any weave selected from a group consisting of plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, plain Dutch weave, herringbone weave, twisted Dutch weave, honeycomb weave, 3D woven weave, and the like. The thread diameter of the fabric is not specifically limited, but can be, for example, 0.007 mm or more and 2 mm or less. The opening of the fabric is not specifically limited, but can be, for example, 0.004 mm or more and 1 mm or less. The spacing of the fabric is not specifically limited, but can be, for example, 0.007 mm or more and 3 mm or less.

[0074] The fabric can be made of the alkali-resistant resin or the alkali-resistant carbon fiber described above. The carbon fiber is conductive. Therefore, if the fabric is made of alkali-resistant carbon fiber, step S2 described below can be omitted. <<Schritt S2> >

[0075] In step S2, a conductive coating is formed on a surface of the fabric. For example, a conductive paste is applied to the surface of the fabric. Subsequently, a solvent is evaporated from the conductive paste. In this way, a network intermediate is obtained. The conductive paste may contain 3 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or fewer of conductive carbon particles per 100 parts by mass of solvent. Examples of the solvent are water and the like. Examples of the conductive carbon particles are natural graphite, synthetic graphite, and the like. In this disclosure, the term "conductivity" means "electrical conductivity". <<Schritt S3> >

[0076] In step S3, a surface of the mesh intermediate is electroplated, for example, nickel-plated. The nickel plating can be carried out using a known method. It is noted that during nickel plating, the nickel plating can be performed simultaneously with the plating of Co, Cr, Sn, Cu, Fe, or similar materials, or the plating of Co, Cr, Sn, Cu, Fe, or similar materials can be performed after the nickel plating. The mesh 1 with the basic structure 5, whose inner section is the fabric, is obtained by steps S1 to S3. To obtain the mesh 1 with a basic structure 5 whose inner section is hollow, step S4 is performed. <<Schritt S4> >

[0077] In step S4, the galvanized mesh intermediate undergoes heat treatment. This heat treatment removes the tissue, leaving the inner section of the base structure 5 hollow. The heat treatment conditions are not specifically restricted; however, the temperature can be 800 °C or higher and 1200 °C or lower, and the duration can be, for example, 5 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less. This process yields a mesh 1 with a base structure 5 whose inner section is hollow. <<Schritt S5> >

[0078] Step S5 is a rolling step performed to adjust the thickness of the mesh 1. The rolling is carried out on the mesh 1 with the base structure 5, whose inner section is hollow, as obtained in step S3, or on the mesh 1 with the base structure 5, whose inner section is hollow, as obtained in step S4. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the length of the inner section is reduced in the direction of the thickness of net 1, thereby reducing the thickness of net 1. The length of the inner section in the direction of the thickness of net 1 is less than the length of the inner section in the direction of the plane of net 1. In this way, the thickness of net 1 is adjusted. (Examples)

[0079] The present embodiment is described in more detail by means of examples. It should be noted that the present embodiment is not limited by these examples. <<Herstellung des Netzes gemäß Proben 1 bis 21> >

[0080] Each of the nets according to samples 1 to 21 was produced according to the following procedure. <gewebe-vorbereitungsschritt>

[0081] A fabric consisting of a resin as described in Table 1 and having a weave, thread diameter, opening and spacing as described in Table 1 was produced by purchasing a commercially available product. <netzzwischenprodukt-bildungsschritt>

[0082] A conductive paste was prepared using synthetic graphite (conductive carbon particles) and an acrylic-based adhesive as the carbon-containing raw material. The synthetic graphite (conductive carbon particles) was dispersed in the proportions described in Table 1 to 100 parts by mass of water (solvent). The conductive paste was then applied to a fabric surface. Subsequently, the conductive paste was dried under vacuum at 80 °C for 0.1 hours to evaporate the water (solvent). This process yielded a network intermediate. <galvanisierungsschritt>

[0083] The network intermediate was nickel-plated with the following composition of the electroplating bath and under the following electrolysis conditions, thereby obtaining the network. (Composition of the electroplating bath)

[0084] Salt (aqueous solution): Nickel sulfamate (nickel is contained in the electroplating bath in the concentration described in Table 2) Borate: as described in Table 2 pH value: as described in Table 2 (Electrolysis conditions) Temperature: 60°C Current density: 10 A / dm² 2 Anode: positive electrode made of nickel granules Time: adjusted depending on the type of metal and the quantity per unit area. < Heat treatment step>

[0085] Each of the meshes according to samples 1 to 20, as well as those according to samples 1 to 21, underwent heat treatment under the temperature and time conditions described in Table 2, resulting in each of the meshes according to samples 1 to 20 having a basic structure 5 whose inner section is hollow. The heat treatment step comprises: a calcination step, in which the resin is fired in an atmospheric atmosphere; and a reduction step, in which the metal component in the surface of the basic structure oxidized in the calcination step is reduced in a reducing atmosphere. It should be noted that if “-” is described in the “Temperature [°C]” column and the “Time [minute]” column of the “Heat Treatment Step” column in Table 2, this means that the heat treatment step was not performed.

[0086] In this way, the “network consisting of the basic structure with the multitude of support pillar sections and the number of node sections connecting the support pillar sections described in Table 3” was produced according to each of the samples 1 to 21. <<Herstellung des Netzes gemäß Probe 101> >

[0087] By purchasing a nickel mesh (amount per unit area: 370 g / m²) 2 Using wire supplied by Taiyo Wire Cloth (spacing: 0.75 mm; thread diameter: 0.15 mm; opening: 0.6 mm; weave: plain weave), a net was produced according to sample 101. In sample 101, the nickel threads simply cross over each other and are not connected by a metal bond. Therefore, no knotted section is formed in sample 101, and there is no support column section connecting the knotted sections (see Table 3). <<Herstellung des Netzes gemäß Probe 102> >

[0088] A “network consisting of a basic structure comprising a multitude of support column sections and the number of node sections described in Table 3, which connect the support column sections,” was produced according to the following procedure (sample 102). First, nickel plating was carried out on the mesh of sample 101, using the following electroplating bath composition and electrolysis conditions to achieve a coating quantity of 130 g / m². 2 to reach. (Composition of the electroplating bath)

[0089] Salt (aqueous solution): Nickel sulfamate (90 g / L nickel is contained in the electroplating bath) Borate: 20 g / L pH value: 4 (Electrolysis conditions) Temperature: 60 °C Current density: 10 A / dm² 2 Anode: positive electrode made of nickel granules Time: adjusted depending on the type of metal and the quantity per unit area.

[0090] Subsequently, heat treatment was carried out at 1000 °C for 30 minutes, resulting in the “network consisting of the basic structure with the multitude of support pillar sections and the number of node sections connecting the support pillar sections as described in Table 3” according to sample 102. <<Herstellung des Netzes gemäß Probe 103> >

[0091] A mesh according to sample 103 was produced by the following procedure. First, a conductive paste was prepared using synthetic graphite (conductive carbon particles) and an acrylic-based adhesive as the carbon-containing raw material by dispersing 10 parts by mass of the synthetic graphite (conductive carbon particles) in 100 parts by mass of water (solvent). The conductive paste was then applied to the surface of a polypropylene monofilament with a thread diameter of 180 µm. The conductive paste was then dried under vacuum at 80 °C for 0.1 hours. The water (solvent) evaporated from the conductive paste, resulting in a conductive monofilament.The conductive monofilament was then nickel-plated using the following electroplating bath composition and electrolysis conditions to achieve an average coating thickness of 5 µm. It should be noted that the average coating thickness was determined as follows: cross-sections of the nickel-plated conductive monofilament were taken at five arbitrary points perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the monofilament. The shortest distance from the surface of the monofilament to the surface of the coating was measured at each of the cross-sections, and the average of the shortest distances at the five points was calculated. (Composition of the electroplating bath)

[0092] Salt (aqueous solution): Nickel sulfamate (90 g / L nickel is contained in the electroplating bath) Borate: 20 g / L pH value: 4 (Electrolysis conditions) Temperature: 60 °C Current density: 10 A / dm² 2 Anode: positive electrode made of nickel granules Time: adjusted depending on the type of metal and the quantity per unit area.

[0093] The nickel-plated monofilaments were then knitted or woven in a plain weave, resulting in a mesh intermediate with the following spacing and opening dimensions. This mesh intermediate was then heat-treated at 1000 °C for 30 minutes, yielding the mesh shown in Sample 103. In Sample 103, the nickel-plated monofilaments merely overlap and are not bonded together by any metallic connection. Therefore, no node segment is formed in Sample 103, and there is no supporting column segment connecting the node segments (see Table 3). [Table 1] Sample No. tissue Conductive paste Type of resin binding Thread diameter [mm] Opening [mm] Distance [mm] Solvent [by weight] Conductive carbon particles [parts by mass] 1 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,18 1,00 1,18 100 10 2 Polypropylen Twill weave 0,18 1,00 1,18 100 10 3 Polypropylen Satin weave 0,17 1,00 1,17 100 10 4 Polypropylen Honeycomb binding 0,17 0,90 1,07 100 10 5 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,17 1,00 1,17 100 10 6 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,17 1,00 1,17 100 9 7 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,17 1,00 1,17 100 8 8 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,17 0,59 0,76 100 10 9 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,16 0,58 0,74 100 9 10 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,18 0,60 0,78 100 9 11 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,18 0,60 0,78 100 9 12 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,15 0,60 0,75 100 11 13 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,15 0,60 0,75 100 11 14 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,3 0,10 0,4 100 8 15 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,1 1,00 1,1 100 9 16 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,3 0,10 0,4 100 10 17 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,1 1,00 1,1 100 11 18 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,1 1,00 1,1 100 12 19 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,18 0,60 0,78 100 13 20 Polypropylen Cloth weave 0,18 0,60 0,78 100 11 21 Carbon fiber (PAN) Cloth weave 0,07 0,60 0,67 - - 101 - - - - - - - 102 - - - - - - - 103 - - - - - - - [Table 2] Sample No. Electroplating step Heat treatment step Nickel [g / L] Borate [g / L] PH value Temperature [°C] Time [minute] 1 90 20 4 1000 30 2 90 20 4 1000 30 3 90 20 4 1000 30 4 90 20 4 1000 30 5 90 20 4 1000 30 6 85 20 4 1000 30 7 80 20 4 1000 30 8 90 20 4 1000 30 9 90 20 4 1000 30 10 95 20 4 1000 30 11 90 20 4 1000 30 12 90 20 4 1000 30 13 95 20 4 1000 30 14 95 20 4 1000 30 15 90 20 4 1000 30 16 85 20 4 1000 30 17 85 20 4 1000 30 18 95 20 4 1000 30 19 85 20 4 1000 30 20 95 20 4 1000 30 21 90 20 4 - - 101 - - - - - 102 - - - - - 103 - - - - - [Table 3] Sample No. Number of support column sections connecting the node sections Presence / absence of basic structure main body + inner section Basic structural main body first ratio D2 / D1 second ratio D4 / D3 Openness ratio of the network [%] Average equivalent circle diameter [mm] Ni content ratio [mass %] first atom content ratio [ppm] 1 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,1 0,5 72 0,4 2 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,1 0,5 20 0,4 3 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,1 0,5 10 0,4 4 3 Available 100 Less than 20 0,1 0,5 71 0,4 5 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,1 0,5 73 0,4 6 4 Available 99,99 100 0,1 0,5 73 0,4 7 4 Available 99,9 1000 0,1 0,5 73 0,4 8 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,01 0,5 60 0,4 9 4 Available 100 Fewer 0,9 0,5 61 0,4 as 20 10 4 Available 100 Less than 20 1,0 1,0 59 0,5 11 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,1 0,1 59 0,01 12 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,9 1,0 64 0,45 13 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,9 1,1 64 0,5 14 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,01 0,1 6 0,007 15 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,9 1,0 83 0,5 16 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,02 0,1 6 0,01 17 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,9 1,0 83 0,5 18 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,02 0,1 83 0,007 19 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,6 0,3 59 0,5 20 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,9 1,0 59 0,6 21 4 Available 100 Less than 20 0,3 0,3 80 0,5 101 - 100 Less than 20 - - 70 - 102 4 Absent 100 Less than 20 - - 68 0,4 103 - Available 100 Less than 20 - - 70 - [<<Bewertung der Eigenschaften des Netzes> ><Struktur der Grundstruktur>

[0094] The presence or absence of the "basic structure, consisting of the main body of the basic structure and the inner section surrounded by the main body of the basic structure," was determined using the method described above. The results are shown in the column "Presence or absence of main body of basic structure + inner section" in Table 3. <Zusammensetzung des Grundstrukturhauptabschnitts>

[0095] The nickel content ratio in the main structure was determined using the method described above. The results are shown in the column "Ni Content Ratio [Wat.%]" of the "Main Structure" column in Table 3. Furthermore, the content ratio of the first atom in the main structure was determined using the same method. The results are shown in the column "First Atom Content Ratio [Wat.%]" of the "Main Structure" column in Table 3. <Erstes Verhältnis D2 / D1 und zweites Verhältnis D4 / D3>

[0096] In the cross-section of the midpoint of the node segment along the longitudinal side direction of a support column segment of the two or more support column segments connected by each of the plurality of node segments, the first ratio D2 / D1 of the minor axis D2 of the inner segment to the major axis D1 of the inner segment was determined by the procedure described above. The results obtained are shown in the column “D2 / D1” in Table 3. In the cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal side direction of a support column segment of the midpoint of the two or more support column segments connected by each of the plurality of node segments, the second ratio D4 / D3 of the second length D4 of the inner segment to the first length D3 of the inner segment was determined by the procedure described above. The results obtained are shown in the column “D4 / D3” in Table 3. <Network opening ratio>

[0097] The mesh opening ratio was determined using the method described above. The results are listed in the column "Mesh opening ratio [%]" in Table 3. <Durchschnittlicher äquivalenter Kreisdurchmesser der Stützsäulenabschnitte im Querschnitt senkrecht zu den Längsseitenrichtungen der Stützsäulenabschnitte>

[0098] The average equivalent circle diameter of the support column sections in the cross-sections perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the support column sections was determined using the method described above. The results obtained are listed in the column "Mean equivalent circle diameter [mm]" in Table 3. <Mechanische Festigkeit des Netzes>

[0099] The mechanical strength of the mesh was determined using an “AUTOGRAPH AGX-10NVD” (trademark) provided by Shimadzu Corporation. The results are listed in the “Mechanical Strength [N / 10 mm]” column in Table 4. A relatively high numerical value in the “Mechanical Strength [N / 10 mm]” column of Table 4 indicates excellent mechanical strength of the mesh.

[0100] Each of the nets according to samples 1 to 21 corresponds to an example of the present embodiment. Each of the nets according to samples 101 to 103 corresponds to a comparative example. It was found that each of the nets according to samples 1 to 21 has a much better mechanical strength than each of the nets according to samples 101 to 103. <Elektrischer Widerstand des Netzes>

[0101] The electrical resistance of the mesh was determined using the following procedure. For each sample, a square mesh with sides of 5 cm was prepared. The square mesh has a section extending 5 mm inwards from a first corner, both longitudinally and transversely, and this section is enclosed by a first clip terminal. The square mesh also has a section extending 5 mm inwards from a second corner, diagonally to the first corner, both longitudinally and transversely, and this section is enclosed by a second clip terminal. Current was passed between the first and second terminals, and the electrical resistance of the mesh was measured using the "BT3562 BATTERY HITESTER" provided by HIOKI EE.If the numerical value in the "Electrical resistance [mΩ]" column in Table 4 is relatively low, this means that the electrical resistance of the network is relatively low. It was found that each of the networks according to samples 1 to 21 has a much lower electrical resistance than each of the networks according to samples 101 and 103. <Menge der Grundstruktur pro Flächeneinheit>

[0102] The amount of base structure per unit area was determined using the method described above. The results are shown in the column "Area weight [g / m²]". 2 ]" is listed in Table 4. If the amount of the basic structure per unit area is relatively small, this means that the mesh has a relatively low weight. It was found that each of the meshes according to samples 1 to 21 has a much lower weight than the mesh according to sample 102. <Bewertungsprüfung für die Isoliereigenschaft>

[0103] The insulating properties of a membrane sandwiched between two nets were evaluated using the following method. First, a 20 µm thick polyethylene (PE) membrane was placed between two nets, creating a stack. The PE membrane has insulating properties. Subsequently, a pressure of 10 t / cm² was applied. 2 A current was applied to the stack, flowing between the two nets, and the electrical resistance of the stack was measured. The insulating property of the membrane enclosed between the two nets was assessed using the following evaluation criteria. If the electrical resistance of the stack is 10 MΩ or greater, an evaluation criterion A is given. If the electrical resistance of the stack is 100 kΩ or greater and less than 10 MΩ, an evaluation criterion B is given. If the electrical resistance of the stack is less than 100 kΩ, an evaluation criterion C is given. The results obtained are listed in the "Insulating Property" column in Table 4. In this disclosure, insulating property means how unlikely it is that an electrical leakage current will occur in the membrane.If there is a "short circuit" between the two nets, an electrical leak in the membrane is likely, leading to reduced insulating properties. If the evaluation criterion is A or B, this means that the membrane will not be breached by the nets even when pressure is applied to the stack, and the insulating properties of the membrane between the two nets are ensured. (Evaluation criteria)

[0104] A: No short circuit occurred B: Occurrence of a minor short circuit C: Occurrence of a short circuit [Table 4] Sample No. Mechanical strength [N / 10 mm] Electrical resistance [mΩ] Amount per unit area [g / m²] 2 ] Insulating properties 1 60 6,0 370 A 2 55 6,1 370 A 3 50 6,2 370 A 4 58 6,1 370 A 5 63 5,8 380 A 6 63 8,0 370 A 7 65 10 370 B 8 60 6,0 370 A 9 60 6,0 370 A 10 55 6,8 385 A 11 60 6,0 373 A 12 60 6,5 380 A 13 58 7,0 365 A 14 65 5,8 378 A 15 65 6,0 373 A 16 80 5,5 368 A 17 40 8,0 370 A 18 60 6,0 375 A 19 80 6,0 365 A 20 55 7,0 375 A 21 90 6,1 350 A 101 20 20 370 C 102 30 6,3 400 C 103 5 25 370 A

[0105] It was found that the insulating properties of the membrane sandwiched between the two meshes according to samples 1 to 21 are better than those of the membrane sandwiched between the two meshes according to samples 101 and 102. This is due to the following reason: Since the surface irregularities of each of the meshes according to samples 1 to 21 are reduced, the membrane (for example, a membrane of a zero-gap water electrolysis cell or the like) is prevented from being ruptured by the mesh, even when pressure is applied to the stack consisting of the mesh and the membrane.

[0106] In light of the above, it was determined that each of the nets according to samples 1 to 21 exhibits excellent mechanical strength and low electrical resistance. Furthermore, it was found that the insulating properties of the insulating element (for example, the membrane) inserted between the two nets can be ensured for each of the nets in samples 1 to 21. (Second embodiment)

[0107] A network 1 according to a second embodiment is described with reference to the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 described. The mesh 1 according to the present embodiment is configured in the same way as the mesh 1 according to the first embodiment, but differs from the mesh 1 according to the first embodiment in that the mesh 1 according to the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of grooves 17.

[0108] The mesh 1 has a main surface 10a and a main surface 10b opposite main surface 10a. The main surface 10a and the main surface 10b are separated from each other in the direction of the thickness of the mesh 1. In plan view, the mesh 1 has a first edge 11, a second edge 12 opposite the first edge 11, a third edge 13, and a fourth edge 14 opposite the third edge 13. The third edge 13 and the fourth edge 14 are each connected to the first edge 11 and the second edge 12, respectively. In this description, "plan view" means a plan view of the mesh 1 as shown in the diagram. Fig. 5 Main surface shown 10a, unless otherwise stated.

[0109] In plan view, the basic structure 5 has the form of a grid. In the present embodiment, the grid is a square grid, but it can also be a triangular grid, a hexagonal grid, or the like. Each of a plurality of linear bodies 15 of the grid extends from a first edge 11, second edge 12, third edge 13, and fourth edge 14 to another first edge 11, second edge 12, third edge 13, and fourth edge 14. When the basic structure 5 has the form of a square grid, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the plurality of line bodies 15 consists of a plurality of first line bodies 15a and a plurality of second line bodies 15b, and the lattice is formed by the plurality of first line bodies 15a and the plurality of second line bodies 15b. Each of the plurality of first line bodies 15a extends from the first edge 11 to the second edge 12. Each of the plurality of second line bodies 15b extends from the third edge 13 to the fourth edge 14.

[0110] A plurality of grooves 17 is formed in the main surface 10a of the mesh 1. For example, each of the plurality of grooves 17 is an elongated, straight groove. The plurality of grooves 17 are parallel to each other. In the top view, the plurality of grooves 17 extend in the same direction. Each of the plurality of grooves 17 extends from the first edge 11 to the second edge 12. The longitudinal side direction of each of the plurality of grooves 17 can be parallel to the longitudinal side direction of the second linear body 15b. Each of the plurality of grooves 17 can extend parallel to the second linear body 15b.

[0111] Each of the plurality of grooves 17 has a depth d and a width W. The depth d is the difference between the height of the node section 7 in a region of the mesh 1 where the plurality of grooves 17 are not formed and the height of the node section 7 within the groove 17. The depth d can be 10% or more of the thickness T of the mesh 1, and can be 30% or more of the thickness T of the mesh 1. The depth d can be 90% or less of the thickness T of the mesh 1. In the present embodiment, the thickness T of the mesh 1 is the thickness of the center of the node section 7 where the plurality of grooves 17 are not formed. In plan view, the area of ​​the plurality of grooves 17 can be 10% or more of the area of ​​the main surface 10a, and it can be 30% or more of the area of ​​the main surface 10a. In plan view, the area of ​​the plurality of grooves can be 17 90% or less of the area of ​​the main surface 10a.In the present description, the area of ​​the plurality of grooves 17 refers to the total area of ​​the plurality of grooves 17 in the top view.

[0112] A method for producing the network 1 according to the present embodiment is described with reference to Fig. 7 described. The method for producing the network 1 according to the present embodiment comprises the same steps as the method for producing the network 1 according to the one described in Fig. 4 first embodiment shown, but the method for producing the mesh 1 according to the present embodiment differs from the method for producing the mesh 1 according to the first embodiment in that a step for forming grooves (step S6) is additionally included.

[0113] The groove formation step (step S6) is carried out after the rolling step (step S5). In the groove formation step (step S6), a plurality of grooves 17 are formed in the main surface 10a. Specifically, a metal punch (not shown) is pressed against the main surface 10a of the mesh 1. The shapes of the projections of the metal punch are transferred to the main surface 10a. In this way, a mesh 1 with a main surface 10a is obtained in which a plurality of grooves 17 are formed.

[0114] A network 1 according to a first modification of the present embodiment is described with reference to Fig. 8 described. In the mesh 1 according to the modification of the present embodiment, each of the plurality of grooves 17 is inclined with respect to the plurality of first linear bodies 15a and the plurality of second linear bodies 15b. In a further modification of the present embodiment, the plurality of grooves 17 can be concentric in plan view. In plan view, the plurality of grooves 17 can be in the form of a spiral. As described in Fig. As shown in Figure 9, the multitude of grooves 17 can be radially shaped in the top view. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 10, in the top view each of the plurality of grooves 17 can be separated from the first edge 11, the second edge 12, the third edge 13 and the fourth edge 14, and the plurality of grooves 17 can be arranged in the form of a grid.

[0115] As in the Fig. 11 and Fig. As shown in Figure 12, in the top view the plurality of grooves 17 can be formed by a plurality of first grooves 17a and a plurality of second grooves 17b that intersect the plurality of first grooves 17a. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 11, in the top view each of the plurality of first grooves 17a can run parallel to the plurality of first linear bodies 15a, and each of the plurality of second grooves 17b can run parallel to the plurality of second linear bodies 15b. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 12, in the top view each of the plurality of first grooves 17a can be inclined with respect to the plurality of first linear bodies 15a and the plurality of second linear bodies 15b, and each of the plurality of second grooves 17b can be inclined with respect to the plurality of first linear bodies 15a and the plurality of second linear bodies 15b.

[0116] In each of the modifications of the present embodiment described above (see, for example, the ones in the Fig. 8, Fig. 10 and Fig. In the modifications shown in Figure 12, each of the plurality of linear bodies 15 has a section (hereinafter also referred to as the "slot-free section") in which the plurality of slots 17 are not formed. The minimum value of the ratio of the length of the slot-free section of each of the plurality of linear bodies 15 is 10% or more. This improves the mechanical strength of the mesh 1. The minimum value of the ratio of the length of the slot-free section of each of the plurality of linear bodies 15 can be 30% or more, and it can be 50% or more.In the present description, the minimum value of the ratio of the length of the slotless section of each of the plurality of linear bodies 15 means the minimum value of the ratio of the length of the slotless section of each of the plurality of linear bodies 15 as calculated by dividing the length of the slotless section of each of the plurality of linear bodies 15 by the total length of the linear bodies 15. (Examples)

[0117] The present embodiment is described in more detail by means of examples. It should be noted that the present embodiment is not limited by these examples.

[0118] A mesh according to sample 34 is the same as the mesh according to sample 1 of the first embodiment (see Tables 1 to 4), but has the number of openings and thickness T specified in Table 5. The number of openings in the mesh is the number of openings per inch (2.54 cm) of length. The plurality of grooves 17 is not present in sample 34.

[0119] A mesh according to sample 31 is the same as the mesh according to sample 34, but the plurality of grooves 17, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the grooves are formed in the main surface 10a of the mesh. The depth d and width of each of the plurality of grooves 17, as well as the distance between adjacent grooves 17, are given in Table 5. Since the plurality of grooves 17 extends parallel to the second linear bodies 15b in the mesh according to specimen 31, the minimum value of the ratio of the groove-free section of each of the plurality of linear bodies 15 is zero.

[0120] Each of the nets according to samples 32 and 33 is the same as the net according to sample 31, but the plurality of grooves 17, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 8, the main surface 10a of the mesh in each of the meshes according to samples 32 and 33 is formed. Each of the plurality of grooves 17 is inclined with respect to the plurality of first linear bodies 15a and the plurality of second linear bodies 15b. The minimum value of the ratio of the groove-free portion of each of the plurality of linear bodies 15 in the mesh according to sample 32 and the minimum value of the ratio of the groove-free portion of each of the plurality of linear bodies 15 in the mesh according to sample 33 are given in Table 5.

[0121] A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), in which a fuel electrode current collector consists of the grid according to one of samples 31 to 34, was fabricated for experimental purposes to measure the power generation performance and the thermal cycling characteristics of the SOFC. The SOFC fabricated for experimental purposes comprises a fuel electrode compound, an air electrode compound, a solid electrolyte, an air electrode, a fuel electrode, a fuel electrode current collector, and an air electrode current collector.

[0122] Both the combustion electrode and air electrode connectors are made of an iron-chromium alloy. The solid electrolyte is located between the combustion electrode connector and the air electrode connector. The solid electrolyte consists of yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide (YSZ). The combustion electrode is located between the combustion electrode connector and the solid electrolyte. The combustion electrode is a porous body made of a composite material of nickel (Ni) and yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide (YSZ). The air electrode is located between the air electrode connector and the solid electrolyte. The air electrode is a porous body made of lanthanum-strontium cobaltite (LSC). The combustion electrode current collector is located between the combustion electrode connector and the combustion electrode. The combustion electrode connector consists of the mesh according to one of samples 31 to 34.The air electrode current collector is positioned between the air electrode connector and the air electrode. The air electrode current collector consists of a silver paste.

[0123] The SOFC, manufactured for experimental purposes, was heated to a temperature of 760 °C. Hydrogen was then introduced into the SOFC at a rate of 0.4 liters / minute, followed by air at a rate of 0.6 liters / minute. The power generation capacity of the SOFC was measured in this way. Furthermore, the thermal cycling characteristics of the SOFC were measured as follows: 20 thermal cycles were applied to the SOFC while a current of 0.4 A / cm² was applied. 2 A temperature of 30°C flows through the SOFC. In each thermal cycle, the SOFC temperature is varied between 50°C and 760°C. The temperature increase and decrease rates in each thermal cycle are each 30°C / minute. A first output voltage of the SOFC at a temperature of 760°C is measured in the first cycle. A second output voltage of the SOFC at a temperature of 760°C is measured in the twentieth cycle. The ratio between the second output voltage and the first output voltage is expressed as a percentage, thus determining the thermal cycling characteristics of the SOFC.

[0124] Table 5 shows the power generation capacity and thermal cycle characteristics of the SOFCs produced for experimental purposes. The power generation capacity of the SOFC where the combustion electrode current collector consists of the grid according to one of samples 31 to 33 is higher than the power generation capacity of the SOFC where the combustion electrode current collector consists of the grid according to sample 34. This is due to the following reason: Because the multiple slots 17 are provided in the combustion electrode current collector, the pressure drop of the gas in the combustion electrode current collector is reduced, resulting in improved uniformity of the gas flow in the combustion electrode current collector.

[0125] The thermal cycling performance of the SOFC where the fuel electrode current collector consists of the mesh according to one of samples 32 and 33 is better than the thermal cycling performance of the SOFC where the fuel electrode current collector consists of the mesh according to sample 31. This is due to the following reasons: The minimum value of the slotless portion of each of the meshes according to samples 32 and 33 is greater than the minimum value of the slotless portion of the mesh according to sample 31, and each of the meshes according to samples 32 and 33 has better mechanical strength than that of the mesh according to sample 31. [Table 5] Sample No. Number of net openings Mesh thickness [mm] Deep groove [mm] Groove width [mm] Interval between adjacent grooves [mm] Minimum value of the length of the groove-free section Power generation capacity [mW / cm²] 2 ] Heat cycle property 31 30 0,3 0,2 3,0 3,0 0 324 72 32 30 0,3 0,2 3,0 3,0 0,1 327 90 33 30 0,3 0,2 3,0 3,0 0,5 328 91 34 30 0,3 - - - - 250 - (Third embodiment)

[0126] With reference to Fig. In Figure 13, a water electrolysis device 20 according to a third embodiment is described. The water electrolysis device 20 is, for example, a zero-gap water-alkali-water electrolysis device. The water electrolysis device 20 comprises bipolar plates 21, 22, a spacer 23, a membrane 30, a positive electrode 31, a negative electrode 32, a conductive elastic body 33, current collectors 34, 35, and conductive fins 36, 37.

[0127] Each of the bipolar plates 21, 22 is an element in the form of a flat plate. Each of the bipolar plates 21, 22 consists, for example, of an iron-chromium alloy.

[0128] The spacer 23 is located between the bipolar plates 21 and 22. The spacer 23 defines a space between the bipolar plates 21 and 22. The spacer 23 is made of an insulating material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The membrane 30, the positive electrode 31, the negative electrode 32, the conductive elastic body 33, and the current collectors 34, 35 are enclosed within an interior space defined by the bipolar plates 21, 22, and the spacer 23.

[0129] The membrane 30 is positioned between the bipolar plates 21 and 22. The membrane 30 is supported by a spacer 23. The membrane 30 divides the interior space defined by the bipolar plates 21, 22, and the spacer 23 into a positive electrode chamber 28 and a negative electrode chamber 29. The membrane 30 is an insulator and allows ions, such as hydroxide ions, to pass through. The membrane 30 is made, for example, of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS).

[0130] The spacer 23 is provided with inlet openings 24, 25 and outlet openings 26, 27. Each of the inlet openings 24 and outlet openings 26 is connected to the positive electrode chamber 28. The inlet opening 25 and the outlet opening 27 are each connected to the negative electrode chamber 29. An aqueous alkaline solution flows from the inlet opening 24 into the positive electrode chamber 28 and from the inlet opening 25 into the negative electrode chamber 29. The aqueous alkaline solution is, for example, an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (KOH) or an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH). The oxygen generated in the positive electrode 31 and the aqueous alkaline solution flow out of the outlet opening 26. The hydrogen generated in the negative electrode 32 and the aqueous alkaline solution flow out of the outlet opening 27.

[0131] The positive electrode 31, the current collector 34, and the conductive rib 36 are arranged in the positive electrode chamber 28. The negative electrode 32, the conductive elastic body 33, the current collector 35, and the conductive rib 37 are arranged in the negative electrode chamber 29.

[0132] The positive electrode 31 is arranged between the bipolar plate 21 and the membrane 30. The positive electrode 31 may be in contact with the membrane 30. The negative electrode 32 is arranged between the bipolar plate 22 and the membrane 30. The negative electrode 32 may be in contact with the membrane 30. A conductive elastic body 33 is arranged between the negative electrode 32 and the bipolar plate 22. The conductive elastic body 33 is in contact with the negative electrode 32.

[0133] The current collector 34 is arranged between the bipolar plate 21 and the positive electrode 31. The current collector 34 is in contact with the positive electrode 31. The current collector 34 is pressed against the positive electrode 31 by the conductive rib 36, which projects from the bipolar plate 21. The current collector 35 is arranged between the bipolar plate 22 and the negative electrode 32. The current collector 35 is in contact with the negative electrode 32. The current collector 35 is pressed against the negative electrode 32 by the conductive rib 37, which projects from the bipolar plate 22.

[0134] At least one of the positive electrode 31, the negative electrode 32, the current collector 34, or the current collector 35 consists of the network 1 according to one of the first embodiments, the second embodiment and their modifications.

[0135] The operating principle of the water electrolysis device 20 is described.

[0136] The aqueous alkaline solution is supplied to the positive electrode chamber 28 and the negative electrode chamber 29 of the water electrolysis device 20 via the inlet ports 24, 25. A voltage is applied between the bipolar plate 21 and the bipolar plate 22, so that the potential of the negative electrode 32 is lower than the potential of the positive electrode 31. In the negative electrode 32, the water is reduced, producing hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions. The hydroxide ions are transported from the negative electrode 32 through the membrane 30 to the positive electrode 31. In the positive electrode 31, the hydroxide ions contained in the alkaline aqueous solution are oxidized to produce oxygen gas. The oxygen produced in the positive electrode 31 and the aqueous alkaline solution flow out of the outlet port 26. The hydrogen produced in the negative electrode 32 and the aqueous alkaline solution flow out of the outlet port 27.

[0137] It is noted that the water electrolysis device 20 is not limited to the alkaline water electrolysis device and may be an anion exchange membrane water electrolysis device or the like.

[0138] The effects of the water electrolysis device 20 according to the present embodiment are described.

[0139] The water electrolysis device 20 according to the present embodiment comprises the current collector (current collector 34 or current collector 35), the membrane 30, and the electrode (positive electrode 31 or negative electrode 32) arranged between the current collector and the membrane. The electrode and / or the current collector consists of a mesh 1 according to one of the first embodiments, the second embodiment, and their modifications.

[0140] In this way, the uniformity of the flow of the aqueous solution in at least one of the electrodes or the current collector can be improved. Furthermore, the removal of the gas produced in the water electrolysis device 20 is facilitated. The performance of the water electrolysis device 20 can be improved. (Fourth embodiment)

[0141] A fuel cell 40 according to a fourth embodiment is described with reference to the Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 described. The fuel cell 40 according to the present embodiment is, for example, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). As described in Figure 15. Fig. As can be seen in Figure 14, the fuel cell 40 comprises intermediate connectors 41, 42, a fuel electrode current collector 43, a cell 44, an air electrode current collector 49, and a spacer 50. Although not shown, the fuel cell 40 has a cell stack structure formed by stacking unit structures, including the intermediate connectors 41, 42, the fuel electrode current collector 43, the cell 44, the air electrode current collector 49, and the spacer 50.

[0142] Each of the intermediate connectors 41, 42 is a flat plate-shaped element. Intermediate connector 41, for example, is made of an iron-chromium alloy. Although not shown, intermediate connector 42 is electrically connected to intermediate connector 41. Grooves 41a may be formed in a surface of intermediate connector 41 facing the combustion electrode current collector 43. Grooves 42a may be formed in a surface of intermediate connector 42 facing the air electrode current collector 49. Intermediate connector 41 is provided with an inlet opening 41b and an outlet opening (not shown). Intermediate connector 42 is provided with an inlet opening 42b and an outlet opening (not shown).

[0143] The spacer 50 is arranged between the intermediate connector 41 and the intermediate connector 42. The spacer 50 defines a gap between the intermediate connector 41 and the intermediate connector 42. The spacer 50 is made of an insulating material such as mica. The combustion electrode current collector 43, the cell 44, and the air electrode current collector 49 are enclosed in an interior space defined by the intermediate connectors 41, 42, and the spacer 50.

[0144] Cell 44 is arranged between intermediate connector 41 and intermediate connector 42. The fuel electrode current collector 43 is arranged between intermediate connector 41 and cell 44. The air electrode current collector 49 is arranged between intermediate connector 42 and cell 44. Cell 44 is arranged between the fuel electrode current collector 43 and the air electrode current collector 49.

[0145] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 15, the cell 44 comprises a fuel electrode 45, a solid electrolyte 46 and an air electrode 48. The cell 44 may also contain an intermediate layer 47.

[0146] The fuel electrode 45 is a porous body in the form of a plate. The porous body forming the fuel electrode 45 consists, for example, of a composite material of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and nickel. The fuel electrode 45 can be formed by applying a conductive material to the current collector 43 of the fuel electrode.

[0147] The solid electrolyte 46 is arranged between the fuel electrode 45 and the air electrode 48. The solid electrolyte 46 is in contact with the fuel electrode 45. The solid electrolyte 46 is a sheet-shaped element that allows oxygen ions to pass through. The solid electrolyte 46 consists, for example, of yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide (YSZ).

[0148] The air electrode 48 is a porous body in the form of a flat plate. The porous body forming the air electrode 48 consists, for example, of (La,Sr)MnO3, (La,Sr)CoO3, or the like. The air electrode 48 can be formed by applying a conductive material to the air electrode current collector 49. If the cell 44 does not contain an intermediate layer 47, the air electrode 48 is in contact with the solid electrolyte 46. If the cell 44 contains an intermediate layer 47, the air electrode 48 is in contact with the intermediate layer 47.

[0149] The intermediate layer 47 is located between the solid electrolyte 46 and the air electrode 48. The intermediate layer 47 prevents a reaction between the solid electrolyte 46 and the air electrode 48. The intermediate layer 47 consists, for example, of a Gd-doped ce oxide (GDC).

[0150] The combustion electrode current collector 43 is arranged between the intermediate connector 41 and the cell 44 (more precisely, the combustion electrode 45). The combustion electrode current collector 43 is in contact with the intermediate connector 41 and the cell 44 (more precisely, with the combustion electrode 45). The air electrode current collector 49 is arranged between the intermediate connector 42 and the cell 44 (more precisely, the air electrode 48). The air electrode current collector 49 is in contact with the intermediate connector 42 and the cell 44 (more precisely, with the air electrode 48).

[0151] In the fuel cell 40 according to the present embodiment, the fuel electrode current collector 43 and / or the air electrode current collector 49 consists of the network 1 according to one of the first embodiments, the second embodiment and their modifications.

[0152] The operating principle of the fuel cell 40 is described.

[0153] Fuel gas is supplied to the current collector 43 and the fuel electrode 45 via the inlet opening 41b. The fuel gas is, for example, hydrogen (H2) gas. The fuel gas flows through the grooves 41a and spreads over the entire current collector 43 and the entire fuel electrode 45.

[0154] Oxygen gas is supplied to the air electrode current collector 49 and the air electrode 48 through the inlet opening 42b. The oxygen gas flows through the slots 42a and spreads over the entire air electrode current collector 49 and the entire air electrode 48. The oxygen ions are moved from the air electrode 48 through the solid electrolyte 46 to the fuel electrode 45. The oxygen ions that reach the fuel electrode 45 react with the hydrogen gas that is supplied to the fuel electrode 45 via the fuel electrode current collector 43. As a result, water (H₂O) and electrons are produced. These electrons are supplied to the air electrode 48 via the intermediate connector 41, the intermediate connector 42, and the air electrode current collector 49, and ionize the oxygen gas supplied to the air electrode 48 via the air electrode current collector 49.The reaction described above is repeated, with the result that the fuel cell generates 40 electrical currents.

[0155] The effects of fuel cell 40 according to the present embodiment are described.

[0156] The fuel cell 40 of the present embodiment comprises the current collector (fuel electrode current collector 43 or air electrode current collector 49), the electrolyte (solid electrolyte 46), and the electrode (fuel electrode 45 or air electrode 48) arranged between the current collector and the electrolyte. The current collector consists of a network 1 according to one of the first embodiments, the second embodiment, and their modifications.

[0157] This reduces the pressure loss of the gas in the current collector, resulting in improved uniformity of the gas flow within the collector. The performance of the fuel cell 40 can be improved.

[0158] The first to fourth embodiments disclosed herein are for illustrative purposes only and are in no way limiting. The scope of protection of this disclosure is defined by the terms of the claims, and not by the embodiments described above, and is intended to include all modifications within the scope of protection and meaning that correspond to the terms of the claims. REFERENCE MARK LIST

[0159] 1 Mesh; 2 Main body of the basic structure; 3 Inner section; 4 Opening; 5 Basic structure; 6 Support column section; 7 Node section; 10a, 10b Main surface; 11 First edge; 12 Second edge; 13 Third edge; 14 Fourth edge; 15 Linear body; 15a First linear body; 15b Second linear body; 17 Groove; 17a First groove; 17b Second groove; 20 Water electrolysis device; 21, 22 Bipolar plate; 23 Spacer; 24, 25, 41b, 42b Inlet port; 26, 27 Outlet port; 28 Positive electrode chamber; 29 Negative electrode chamber; 30 Membrane; 31 Positive electrode; 32 Negative electrode; 33 Conductive elastic body; 34, 35 Current collector; 36, 37 conductive rib; 40 fuel cell; 41, 42 intermediate connector; 41a, 42a groove; 43 fuel electrode current collector; 44 cell; 45 fuel electrode; 46 solid electrolyte; 47 intermediate layer; 48 air electrode; 49 air electrode current collector; 50 spacer. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] JP 2023-139548

[0001] JP 2005-290623

[0041] < / galvanisierungsschritt> < / anwendung>

Claims

Network formed from a basic structure comprising a plurality of support column sections and a plurality of node sections, wherein each of the plurality of node sections connects two or more support column sections of the plurality of support column sections, the basic structure comprising a basic structure main body and an inner section surrounded by the basic structure main body, and the basic structure main body being composed substantially of nickel or a nickel alloy. A mesh according to claim 1, wherein in a cross-section of a center of each of the plurality of node sections along a longitudinal side direction of a support column section of the two or more support column sections, a first ratio of a minor axis of the inner section to a major axis of the inner section is 0.01 or more and 0.9 or less, and in a cross-section of a center of one support column section perpendicular to the longitudinal side direction, a second ratio of a second length of the inner section to a first length of the inner section is 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less, wherein the first length is a length of the inner section in an in-plane direction of the mesh in the cross-section of the center of one support column section and the second length is a length of the inner section in a thickness direction of the mesh in the cross-section of the center of one support column section. Network according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the content ratio of a first atom in the basic structure main body is 0 ppm or more and 100 ppm or less on a mass basis, and the first atom is at least one atom selected from the group consisting of a phosphorus atom and a boron atom. A mesh according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner section is hollow. Mesh according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner section consists of an alkali-resistant resin or an alkali-resistant carbon fiber. Mesh according to claim 5, wherein the alkali-resistant resin is at least a resin selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, nylon and polytetrafluoroethylene. Network according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the openness ratio of the network is 0.2% or more and 80% or less. Network according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an average equivalent circular diameter of the plurality of support pillar sections in cross-sections of the plurality of support pillar sections perpendicular to longitudinal lateral directions of the plurality of support pillar sections is 0.007 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less. Mesh according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the mesh has a main surface in which a groove is formed, the depth of the groove being 10% or more of the thickness of the mesh, and in a top view of the main surface the area of ​​the groove being 10% or more of the area of ​​the main surface. A mesh according to claim 9, wherein the mesh in plan view has a first edge, a second edge opposite the first edge, a third edge and a fourth edge opposite the third edge, and the third edge and the fourth edge are each connected to the first edge and the second edge, the basic structure in plan view has the form of a grid and each of a plurality of linear bodies of the grid extends from one of the first edge, the second edge, the third edge and the fourth edge to another of the first edge, the second edge, the third edge and the fourth edge, and a minimum value of the ratio of the length of a section in which the groove is not formed, of each of the plurality of linear bodies is 10% or more. Water electrolysis device comprising: a current collector; a membrane; and an electrode arranged between the current collector and the membrane, wherein the electrode and / or the current collector is formed from the network according to any one of claims 1 to 10. Fuel cell comprising: a current collector; an electrolyte; and an electrode arranged between the current collector and the electrolyte, wherein the current collector is formed from the network according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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