Improved window with thermoacoustic insulation

Abstract

Window (100) for closing an opening made in a wall separating an interior environment (10) from an exterior environment (20), the window comprising a sash (110), a frame (120), a glazing (130) that cooperates rigidly with the sash (110), and means for moving the sash (110) relative to the frame (120) during opening / closing of the window (100), the window (100) being characterized in that the sash (110) and the movement means are arranged between the glazing (130) and the frame (120) such that the window (100), when closed, forms a multi-layer structure comprising: - a height and a width which are essentially identical to the corresponding dimensions of the glazing (130), - a thickness which is at least equal to the sum of the respective thicknesses of the glazing (130) and of the sash (110) and the frame (120).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELDThe present invention is in the field of glazed openings made in the facade of a building, and more particularly relates to a window for improving thermal and acoustic insulation performance. The present invention has particular, though not restrictive, application to a sliding window or window with a stop with a multiple glazing, for example a double glazing.PRIOR ARTConventionally, a framing for a window, whether of the wing or blend framing type, is formed by extrusion of profiles and has in particular the task of ensuring, together with the glazing, an air-, water- and wind-tight barrier between an internal and an external environment. The aim is in particular to provide satisfactory thermal and acoustic insulation.The geometric design of a window constructed based on such profiles is essentially generic, regardless of how it is used (sliding window, window with stop, etc.). Thus, the glazing is embedded in the casement in such a way that it cooperates firmly with it. The frame is in turn arranged peripherally to the casement, in particular in order to support it. According to this conventional embodiment, the panel framing defines a central plane in which the sash framing and the glazing extend.Such a configuration presupposes that the wing and the frame have circumferential surfaces in the region of their respective posts and cross pieces, which form a frame and run substantially parallel to the central plane. If these surfaces overlap little, they are exposed to the inside and outside environment to a large extent and thus form sensitive areas which are susceptible to heat exchange processes and air infiltration. These exchanges impair the thermal and acoustic performance of the window. As an attempt to counteract this, various solutions have been considered up to now, possibly in combination with each other, in order to cumulate their respective effects.It should be noted that the term "thermoacoustic window" may be used in the art to refer to a window created as a result of implementing dedicated solutions to achieve higher thermal and acoustic performance. Such a configuration is retained for the same terminology in the further description.Thus, first of all, influence can be exerted on the material and the inner structure of the profiles. For example, profiles of metallic nature (aluminum) may be used. Since their thermal performances are average, conventionally recourse is made to plastic elements housed in the inner walls of the profiles in order to achieve thermal separation. Alternatively, profiles of thermoplastic material, for example of PVC (acronym of the Angelsachischen term "polyvinyl chloride"), can be used. By using PVC, a thermal performance higher than that achieved with aluminium can be obtained, but at the cost of mechanical resistance.Finally, it is also possible secondly to act on the glazing itself in order to influence the thermal and acoustic insulation. It is known how certain parameters of the glazing (glass thickness, number of sheets, presence or absence of a layer of gas, etc.) can be varied in order to improve the insulating properties.However, the performance of thermoacoustic windows constructed according to conventional design is still limited despite the use of such solutions. Indeed, the peripheral surfaces of the sash and the frame themselves remain in their entirety substantially exposed to the interior and exterior environment.It should be noted that it is also possible to vary the thickness of the profiles (the thickness here being the distance along the normal to glazing). Such a solution nevertheless remains problematic in that only a substantial increase enables a significant effect on the insulation performance to be achieved. This is in contrast to the requirements for installation on site that are increasingly minimalistic and to a mastering of the production costs.Recently, thermoacoustic windows have also been proposed, which are designed such that the sash framing is concealed in the frame framing. In such arrangements, only the bezel is exposed to the interior and exterior environment, thereby reducing the exposed sensitive areas. However, there still remains enough of this so that thermal and acoustic insulation is not optimal. Thus, the thermal insulation typically reaches a Uw coefficient on the order of 1.4 W.m -2. K -1, when the window is provided with a double glazing (even 0.8 W.m -2. K -1 in the case of a triple glazing). In the case of triple glazing, the acoustic insulation itself has at best a RA,tr coefficient of the order of 42 dB (RA,tr corresponding to the acoustic insulation with respect to road traffic). Such values are not optimal.Moreover, these newer designs are complex in production and implementation, require consistent shaping of the profiles, and ultimately result in high production costs.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe object of the present invention is to remedy all or some of the drawbacks of the prior art, in particular those mentioned above, by proposing a solution by means of which a window can be created which has excellent thermal and acoustic insulation performance and also a simple design, both during its manufacture and during its assembly and its installation in a wall opening. A window makes it possible to close an opening in any type of wall, in particular a wall that separates an interior environment from an exterior environment.To this end, and according to a first aspect, the invention relates to a window comprising a sash, a window frame, a glazing unit which cooperates firmly with the sash, and means for moving the sash relative to the window frame when the window is opened / closed. A frame, regardless of whether the frame or the casement frame is, as is known per se, formed by an assembly of profiles of the post or crosspiece type, for example in miter cut or straight cut.Further, the sash and the moving means are arranged between the glazing and the window frame such that the window, when closed, forms a multilayer structure comprising:a height and a width substantially identical to the corresponding dimensions of the glazing,a thickness at least equal to the sum of the respective thicknesses of the glazing and of the sash and of the frame.In particular embodiments of the invention, the window may further include one or more of the following features, either alone or in all technically possible combinations.In a particular embodiment, the glazing overlies the sash so that its respective peripheral edges are aligned.In a particular embodiment, the respective peripheral edges of the window frame and the sash frame are aligned when the window is closed.In a particular embodiment, the peripheral edge of the bezel frame extends substantially beyond the peripheral edge of the bezel frame when the window is closed to define a peripheral extension of the bezel frame opposite the bezel frame, the window including a peripheral cover configured to when the window is closed:interacting edge-to-edge with the circumferential widening,extending in a direction normal to the glazing, at least up to an inner surface of the glazing overlying the casement,providing thermal insulation at least in the normal direction.In a particular embodiment, the peripheral cover extends to an outer surface of the glazing, the outer surface facing the inner surface in a direction normal to the glazing.In a particular embodiment, the window is of the translation-slide window type, the movement means comprising:a "spacer" disposed between the casement and the frame and movable in translation in a direction normal to glazing so as to translate the frame in an identical direction,a fitting configured to translate the intermediate piece,sliding guides arranged on the intermediate piece, the sash cooperating with the sliding guides for sliding in a direction parallel to the glazing,wherein the movement means are further configured so that the translation movement normal to the glazing precedes the sliding parallel to the glazing when the window is opened, and vice versa when the window is closed.In a particular embodiment, the intermediate piece is a frame having substantially the same shape and dimension as the sash and the bezel frames and is arranged such that the respective peripheral edges of the sash frame, the bezel frame and the intermediate piece are substantially aligned when the window is closed.In a particular embodiment, the window frame includes an outer surface arranged opposite the sash when the window is closed and comprising a peripheral groove extending away from the glazing, the intermediate piece having, in cross-section, a substantially L-shaped shape formed by a first leg and a second leg, such that:the first arm is configured to cooperate with the peripheral groove during the translation movement normal to glazing,the second arm carries the sliding guides and is designed so that it bears against the case of the translation movement normal to glazing.In a particular embodiment, the fitting is of the scissors type, which connects the intermediate piece to the frame.In a particular embodiment, the window is of the sliding window type, the movement means comprising sliding guides arranged on the window frame and configured to allow the sash frame to slide in a direction parallel to the glazing.In a particular embodiment, the window is of the stop type, the movement means being arranged between the sash and the window frame and being designed such that they form an axis of rotation of the sash frame when the window is opened / closed.In a particular embodiment, the glazing is at least a double glazing, preferably a triple glazing.In a particular embodiment, the firm interaction of the glazing with the sash is produced by adhesives at least partially covering an outer surface of the sash, said outer surface being arranged opposite the glazing.According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a previously assembled arrangement, or kit, comprising profiles for assembling a sash, profiles for assembling a window frame, and movement means for making it possible to construct a window according to the invention.According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a method for closing an opening in a wall which separates an external environment from an internal environment. The method includes the steps consisting of:- Construction of a kit according to the invention,assembling a window in the wall opening by means of the kit.In a particular embodiment, the step of assembling the window in the wall opening is carried out so that the glazing faces the interior environment.ILLUSTRATION OF THE FIGURESThe invention will be better understood from reading the following description, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to Figures 1a to 1f and 2a to 2c, which represent:FIGS. 1a to 1c are schematic views of an embodiment of a translation slide window in the open position, corresponding respectively to a front view, a top view and a three-quarter view of the window.FIGS. 1d to 1f are views of the window of FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c when in the closed position.FIGS. 2a to 2c are schematic views of an alternative embodiment of the window of FIGS. 1a to 1f and corresponding to a cross-sectional view according to a closed, a translationally opened and a slidingly opened position of the window, respectively.In these figures, identical references from one figure to another designate identical or similar elements. For clarity, the elements shown are not to scale unless otherwise indicated.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTSThe present invention finds its place in the development of thermoacoustic windows, which can be used to close an opening made in a wall (not shown in the figures), for example a building wall. Such a wall separates an interior environment 10, such as a living room, located in the building from an exterior environment 20, such as a road. In other examples, which are not explained in more detail, however, it is not excluded that a window is present in another location, for example in the interior of a residential space.FIGS. 1 a, 1 band 1 cschematically illustrate an embodiment of a window 100 in an open position and respectively correspond to a front view, a top view and a three-quarter view of the window 100.FIGS. 1 d, 1 eand 1 feach show the window 100 from FIGS. 1 a, 1 band 1 cin the closed position.The further description relates in particular, but not exclusively, to a window 100 extending in a central plane and having a substantially rectangular shape when viewed in a direction normal to the central plane. However, it is not excluded that a window having a different, for example circular, elongated, etc. general shape is considered, for example with respect to a bull's eye type window. Indeed, the embodiments described below are equally applicable to a window having a non-rectangular shape without having to make structural adaptations. Should any structural adaptations be required without departing from the scope of the invention, the skilled person will know how to implement it.The window 100 includes a sash 110 and a bezel 120.In the present embodiment, each frame 110, 120 is, as is known per se, rectangular shaped formed by an assembly of profiles of the post or crosspiece type, for example in mitered or straight section. Furthermore, each profile is made by extrusion of a predetermined material, for example aluminium or PVC. However, it is not excluded that frames are present which are made of other materials, since the type of material used for the production of the window according to the invention is not restrictive.As shown in FIGS. 1 ato 1 f, each frame 110, 120 includes an inner surface 111, 121 and an outer surface 112, 122, which are intended to be arranged opposite the inner environment 10 and the outer environment 20, respectively, and to extend in the central plane of the window 100. Each surface 111, 121, 112, 122 includes a peripheral edge set as the boundary beyond which the frame 110, 120 under consideration does not extend toward the wall. According to this embodiment, the peripheral edge of a surface is shaped rectangular when viewed in a direction normal to the central plane of the window 100. It should be noted that the peripheral edge of a surface 111, 121, 112, 122 is formed by a plurality of portions positioned in the region of the uprights or crosspieces of the frame 110, 120 supporting the surface. In addition, each surface 111, 121, 112, 122 of a frame 110, 120 includes an inner edge that is also rectangular in shape and faces the peripheral edge of the surface. The distance between the circumferential and inner edges of a surface 111, 121, 112, 122 is determined in particular depending on the desired mechanical hold and the aesthetic aspect of the window 100.For example, reference numerals 121p and 121i shown in Fig. 1c refer to the peripheral edge and the inner edge of the inner surface 121 of the bezel frame 120, respectively.The window 100 also includes a glazing 130 that cooperates with the sash 110 upon opening / closing of the window 100. The object of the glazing 130 is to form a partition between the internal environment 10 and the external environment 20, the structure of which is not in any way limited within the scope of the present invention. For example, it is a single glazing, preferably a double glazing, more preferably a triple glazing. As is known per se, the number of panes used for the construction of the glazing, as well as their respective thicknesses and the presence of inert gas layers separating them, are parameters that the skilled person can adapt depending on the desired thermal and / or acoustic insulation effect.As is not shown in any way restrictively in Figures 1a to 1f, the glazing 130 forms a planar surface of a predetermined thickness defining a "plane of the glazing". This plane of the glazing extends in the median plane of the window 100. Similar to the configuration of the sash 110 and the frame 120, the glazing 130 is cuboidal and includes two faces, an inboard 131 and an outboard 132 respectively, each of the faces 131, 132 being bounded by a rectangularly shaped peripheral edge.The terms width and height are defined with respect to the corresponding dimensions of the glazing 130. For example, referring to FIG. 1 a, the width in the direction in which the lower portion of the peripheral edge of the outer surface 132 of the glazing 130 extends is counted. The height is counted in the direction perpendicular to the direction of width in the plane of the glazing 130. In the example of Fig. 1a, the width of the glazing is less than its height. However, it is not excluded that a glazing having a width greater than the height or a square glazing is present.The term thickness in turn corresponds to a distance counted in a direction normal to the plane of the glazing 130, and thus ultimately to the central plane of the window 100.Finally, a cross-section is referred to as a cross-section when taken along a plane normal to both the glazing 130 and the posts of the sash frame 110 and the frame 120.The window 100 also includes means for moving the sash frame 110 relative to the bezel frame 120 upon opening / closing of the window 100. The movement means identify the type of window. The window 100 shown in FIGS. 1a to 1f is of the translation-slide window type, for example. By "translation slide window" is meant herein a window 100 whose opening motion is divided into two steps:a first step in which the sash 110 moves translationally in a direction normal to the glazing 130 to move away from the window frame 120,a second step in which the sash 110 slides in a direction parallel to the plane of the glazing 130.When the window 100 is closed, the order of the first and second steps is reversed.However, it is not excluded that a window of a different type, i.e. with a different opening / closing kinematics, is present. This aspect of the invention is addressed in alternative embodiments described below, with further description relating to translation slide window 100, unless otherwise specified.The sash 110 and the moving means are arranged between the glazing 130 and the window frame 120 such that the window 100, when closed, forms a multi-layer structure.This multilayer structure has a height and a width substantially identical to the corresponding dimensions of the glazing 130. By "substantially identical" is meant here that the possible difference between the width (or height) of the glazing 130 and one of its frames 110, 120 is substantially smaller than the characteristic dimensions of the glazing 130. Typically, such a difference is on the order of one centimeter, preferably at most 1 centimeter, within the scope of the present invention. Thus, when the window 100 is assembled but not yet inserted into the opening and viewed from a distance of several meters, for example, 5 meters, the multi-layer structure of the window 100 gives it a rectangular parallelepiped appearance, so that it is not possible to discriminate whether the respective widths and heights of the sash frame 110, the bezel frame 120, and the glazing 130 are different.Further, the multilayer structure formed by the window 100 when closed also has a thickness at least equal to the sum of the respective thicknesses of the glazing 130, as well as the sash frame 110 and the bezel frame 120. For example, the thicknesses of the glazing 130 and the sash frame 110 and the window frame 120 are at least 6 mm, 20 mm and 20 mm, respectively, such that the thickness of the window 100 is at least 46 mm.Thus, by "multi-layer structure" herein is meant that the window 100, when closed, forms an integral block assembly obtained by superimposing the sash 110 and the bezel 120 and the glazing 130 in a direction normal to the glazing 130. In this way, when viewing the closed window 100 in a direction normal to the glazing 130, the window frame 120 is concealed behind the sash 110, which in turn is concealed behind the glazing 130.This configuration of the window 100 is particularly advantageous because it makes it possible to achieve excellent thermal and acoustic insulation performance. Indeed, the sash 110 and the frame 120 are arranged behind the glazing 130, the latter substantially completely concealing them. Then, by concealing the frames 110, 120 in this way, the glazing 130 forms a barrier to heat and sound exchange operations in the area of the structure of the frames themselves, more precisely on their respective inner surfaces 111, 121 and outer surfaces 112, 122. With respect to acoustic insulation in particular, it will be understood that the glazing 130 vibrates in front of the wood structure formed of the sash 110 and the frame 120.It is therefore important to note that such a multilayer structure fundamentally deviates from the previously known window structures. Indeed, in the prior art, windows intended to close an opening in a wall are not designed on the basis of such a stack of the frames and the glazing. On the contrary, the frames of these windows are designed to form frames, i.e. structural elements with grooves to be embedded in each other. Typically, the glazing is embedded in the sash, the latter being optionally embedded in the sash, for example in the case of a sliding window.In summary, the multilayer structure of the window 100 according to the invention thus forms an arrangement of the frames 110, 120 and of the glazing 130 which is separated from the existing one by radical and advantageously makes it possible to utilize the insulation of the glazing 130 not only in the region of the see-through surface, but above all also in the region of the casement frame 110 and of the window frame 120. This results in excellent thermal and acoustic insulation performance.In addition, a multilayer structure thus also enables a simplified configuration of the window 100. In fact, since the glazing 130 isolates not only in the area of the see-through surface, but also in the area of the frames 110, 120, it is understood that the profiles of the frames need not be expensive to produce. Thus, no use of thermal separation is required to achieve excellent thermal and acoustic isolation. If the profiles are made of aluminum, for example, it is not necessary to crimp polyamide webs into the internal structure of the profiles or also between the profiles themselves. It will be obvious, however, that the invention does not in any way exclude the use of more complex manufactured profiles, such as with thermal separation.It can also be appreciated that using profiles with simplified manufacturing helps facilitate assembly of the window 100, as the joining operations between the profiles of a frame 110, 120 are less complex and time consuming. In addition, assembling the window 100 to achieve the multilayer structure is also easy in that it consists of stacking the frames 110, 120 and the glazing 130, in contrast to the embedding type handles that have been common in the prior art.When such a window closes an opening in a wall separating an interior environment from an exterior environment, it is also advantageously configured to resist environmental stresses, in particular weathering (water, air, wind,... ) and solar radiation.For the further description, the convention is adopted that the term of aligning peripheral edges belonging to different elements (sash 110, window frame 120, glazing 130) refers to peripheral edges that coincide when window 100 is viewed in a direction normal to glazing. In other words, aligned edges are arranged in one and the same plane.In a particular embodiment, the glazing 130 overlies the sash 110 so that its respective peripheral edges are aligned. Thus, the glazing 130 completely covers the sash 110 so that no portion of the sash 110 extends beyond the peripheral edge of the glazing 130. Thus, the glazing 130 forms a complete thermal and acoustic barrier to the sash 110. In this way, the sash 110 no longer forms a weak point for the thermal and acoustic insulation performance of the window 100. In fact, the inner surfaces 111 and outer surfaces 112 of the sash 110 are positioned completely behind the glazing 130, so that here the heat and sound exchange processes that could impair these surfaces 111, 112, as is usually the case in the prior art, are very greatly reduced, even inexistant, depending on the quality of the glazing 130.In a preferred embodiment, not shown by way of limitation by Figures 1b, 1c, 1e and 1f, the respective peripheral edges of the bezel frame 120 and sash frame 110 and glazing 130 are aligned when the window 100 is closed. In such an embodiment, the glazing 130 completely conceals the window frame 120 and the sash frame 110. In other words, when viewing the window 100 in a direction normal to the glazing, only the glazing 130 can be seen with the sash 110 and the window frame 120 concealed behind the glazing. It can be appreciated that the glazing 130 then forms a complete thermal and acoustic barrier, not only for the sash 110 but also for the window frame 120, so that it is possible to achieve optimum thermal and acoustic insulation performance. For example, for thicknesses like those mentioned above, and when the window 100 is equipped with a classic double glazing (Ug coefficient equal to 1.1 W.m -2. K -1), a Uw coefficient of 1.2 W.m -2. K -1 is obtained. In the preferred case of triple glazing (Ug coefficient equal to 0.5 W.m -2. K -1) a very advantageous Uw coefficient of 0.55 W.m -2. K -1 is achieved. As far as acoustic insulation is concerned, a RA,tr coefficient of 45 dB is achieved for a double glazing as well as for a triple glazing.However, it is not excluded that the multilayer structure is formed such that the respective peripheral edges of the bezel frame 120 and the sash frame 110 are aligned when the window is closed, but these edges extend substantially beyond the peripheral edge of the glazing 130. It is also not excluded that the respective peripheral edges of the sash frame 110 and the glazing 130 are aligned and only the peripheral edges of the window frame 120 extend substantially beyond them. It should then be noted that the fact that the respective peripheral edges of the frames 110, 120 and of the glazing 130 are not perfectly aligned depends, on the one hand, on stresses during the production of the elements of the window 100 and, on the other hand, on tolerance stresses possibly required for the installation of the window 100 in the opening of the wall. Nevertheless, the inventors have found that the differences between the width and height dimensions between the frames 110, 120 and the glazing 130, as mentioned above, are typically at most 1 cm. Such differences have no effect on the effect achieved by the invention, namely the achievement of excellent thermal and acoustic insulation performance. In particular, the insulation results obtained when the edges of the various layers of the window 100 are not perfectly aligned are hardly inferior to the optimum results given above and in each case better than those of the prior art.The glazing 130 cooperates firmly with the sash 110. By "fixed cooperation" is meant herein that the glazing 130 follows the opening or closing movement of the sash 110. For this purpose, the inner surface 131 of the glazing 130 overlies the outer surface 112 of the sash 110, the firm cooperation being established between these surfaces.In a preferred embodiment, the firm interaction of the glazing 130 with the sash 110 is established by adhesives at least partially covering the outer surface 112 of the sash 110, the outer surface 112 being arranged opposite the glazing 130. The adhesives are, for example, double-sided adhesive tape. According to another example, the bonding agents are an adhesive substance, i.e. a synthetic material that makes it possible to bond two surfaces together without wetting. The adhesive substance is characterized in particular by an adhesive property chosen from a predetermined range of values in order to allow the glazing 130 to be held firmly in contact with the casement 110. The properties of the adhesives are well known to those skilled in the art and, in particular, it will be able to select from the catalog of products offered by specialized manufacturers a number of adhesives having compositions suitable for the properties of the window 100 according to the invention.In a more preferred embodiment, the adhesives completely cover the outer surface 112 of the sash 110.However, it is not excluded that there is a firm cooperation achieved in a manner other than by firm means, for example by a clamping fixture that keeps the glazing 130 in contact with the outer surface 112 of the sash 110. Or, for example, where the glazing 130 includes multiple panes, by means of a clamping element disposed in a space between the panes to block the glazing 130 against the outer surface 112 of the sash 110. The skilled person is familiar with the practice of such exemplary embodiments without difficulty.Such a firm interaction between the glazing 130 and the sash 110 contributes to the production of the window 100 as a multilayer structure and thus ultimately contributes to the excellent insulation performance, as already described. It should be noted, however, that adhesive tight interaction remains preferred in that it advantageously contributes to achieving optimum acoustic performance, and this all the more so that the adhesives cover a substantial portion of the outer surface 112 of the sash 110. In fact, such adhesives make it possible to increase the sound insulation effectiveness of the window 100 in the high-frequency range, typically between 1000 Hz and 5000 Hz (for example, in case of noise due to fast traffic or even an alarm siren), by reducing the risk of vibration resonances of the glazing 130 in this range.The further description relates in particular to the means for moving the translation slide window 100, which is not shown in any way restrictively by the FIGS. 1a to 1f.The movement means comprise an "intermediate piece" 140 arranged between the sash 110 and the frame 120, and movable in translation in a direction normal to the glazing 130, in order to move the sash 110 in translation in an identical direction. In other words, the intermediate piece 140 is configured to perform the first step of opening kinematics of the translation sliding window 100.In a particular embodiment, the interposer 140 is a frame having a shape and dimension substantially similar to the sash frame 110 and the bezel frame 120.For example, and as shown in FIGS. 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 eand 1 f, the intermediate piece 140 is a rectangular frame, the dimensions of which are substantially identical, preferably identical, to the respective dimensions of the casement frame 110 and the window frame 120 and the glazing 130. According to this example, the intermediate piece 140 also includes an inner surface 141 (or an outer surface 142) that is disposed opposite the outer surface 122 of the bezel frame 120 (or the inner surface 111 of the sash frame 110). Thus, the intermediate piece 140 is positioned behind the glazing 130, interposed between the sash 110 and the bezel 120, such that the respective peripheral edges of the sash 110 and the bezel 120, and the intermediate piece 140, are substantially aligned, preferably aligned, when the window 100 is closed. Thus, the intermediate piece 140 forms an additional layer of the multilayer structure of the window 100. It should then be noted that the thickness of the window 100 in this case is equal to the sum of the respective thicknesses of the glazing 130, the sash frame 110 and the window frame 120 and the spacer 140.However, it is not excluded that an intermediate piece 140 is in the form of a frame and having width and height dimensions that are clearly different from the corresponding dimensions of the sash frame 110 and the window frame 120 as well as the glazing 130, according to similar technical considerations to those described above (differences of typically at most 1 cm).The movement means also include a fitting 150 configured to move the intermediate piece 140 in translation. It can be seen that the fitting carries the intermediate piece 140 and the casement frame 110.In a particular embodiment, the fitting 150 is of the scissors type, which connects the intermediate piece 140 to the frame 120. Such a fitting 150 is designed to set the intermediate piece 140 in motion. For example, and as shown in Figures 1b and 1c, each post of the intermediate piece 140 is connected by scissors 150 to the post of the frame 120 to which it faces. As is known per se, such scissors 150 have a V-shape realized by two arms that are rotatable about a common axis of rotation of the two arms. For example, the rotation axis of scissors is disposed at respective ends of the two arms that overlap each other at the rotation axis. The pivot is also fixed to a post of the intermediate piece 140 so that the scissors 150 extend in a plane normal to the glazing 130 and parallel to the post. The arms of scissors 150 also have respective ends opposite those overlying the pivot axis, which ends are secured to the post of the opposing frame 120. Such arrangements allow translation of the spacer 140 in a direction normal to the glazing 150.However, it is not excluded that other configurations for the fitting 150 of the movement means are present. For example, as an alternative to installing scissors 150 on the respective posts of the bezel frame 120 and the interposer 140, the scissors 150 are arranged to cooperate with the respective cross pieces of the bezel frame 120 and the interposer 140. According to a further alternative, scissors 150 are arranged on the posts and cross pieces. In addition, nothing does mention scissors 150 to be of a different shape, for example a cruciform shape. In general, those skilled in the art will know how to select a fitting suitable for moving the adapter 140 from the catalog of products offered by specialized manufacturers.The movement means also include sliding guides 160 arranged on the intermediate piece 140 and configured to allow the sash 110 to slide in a direction parallel to the glazing 130. For example, and as shown in FIG. 1 c, the sliding guides 160 are formed by two sliding rails of a type known per se forming rails, the sliding rails 160 being fixedly arranged on the outer surface 142 of the intermediate piece 140 in the region of the lower and the upper cross piece. According to this example, the slides 160 extend along the entire length of the cross-pieces so that the window 100 can be fully opened. Each slide rail 160 has a groove 161 with which a lip 113 projecting from the inner surface 111 of the casement frame 110 slidingly cooperates, said lip being formed, for example, integrally with the casement frame 110.However, it is not excluded that slide rails 160 are present which extend over a shorter distance, for example half of the cross pieces, so that the window 100 can only be partially opened by sliding. It is also not excluded that sliding guides 160 are present which are configured differently, for example in the form of grooves which are worked directly into the mass of the intermediate piece 140.Further, and as shown in Figures 1a-1c, the sliding movement of window 100 is lateral along a single direction. To this end, blocking means of a per se known type, such as stop members (not shown in the figures), cooperate with the ends of the slide rails 160 to block the sliding movement in an opposite lateral direction. Alternatively, the movement means are adapted to allow lateral sliding in two opposite directions.It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the window 100 of the present invention is not limited to use for lateral sliding. Thus, sliding in the plane of the glazing 130 and in a vertical direction (from top to bottom) is also possible, for example by changing the positions of the sliding guides 160.Thus, the configuration of the movement means reveals that the translation movement normal to glazing precedes the sliding parallel to glazing 130 when opening window 100 and vice versa when closing window 100. In this way, the window 100 may advantageously be arranged in the opening of the wall, so that in the closed position the glazing 130 is flush with a side of the wall, for example the outside of the wall. In other words, according to this arrangement, the sash 110 and the bezel 120 are hidden in the thickness of the wall when the window 100 is closed, so that the exterior of the wall has an aesthetic smooth appearance, leaving only the glazing 130 visible. When opening the window 100, the translatory sliding movement first moves the glazing 130 away from the wall, in this example in the direction of the external environment 20, and then in a second step moves the glazing 130 parallel to the wall along the external side.It should be noted that the window of course comprises means for operating the movement means, such as hand-operated means, typically at least one handle (for example a handle integrated in the glazing), at least one rod, etc. Alternatively, the operating means are at least partially motor-driven to allow automatic and easy opening / closing. Such actuation means are not explained further above, since they are considered to be the scope of the invention and the person skilled in the art will further know how to select and arrange them.However, the window 100 according to the invention is not limited to an opening / closing of the translation-sliding window type, even if this is still preferred due to its advantageous aesthetic nature (when the window is installed and closed in the wall) as well as the fact that, as is known to the skilled person, it allows an improved ventilation in the interior environment 10.Other embodiments of the movement means are also conceivable for changing the way in which the window 100 opens and closes.According to another embodiment, the window is of the sliding window type (not shown in the figures), the movement means comprising sliding guides, for example sliding guides, arranged on the window frame and configured to allow the sash frame to slide in a direction parallel to the glazing. In comparison with the translation sliding window 100 according to the invention and shown in FIGS. 1a to 1f, the sash is designed here such that it only moves slidingly in a direction parallel to the plane of the glazing. It can therefore be seen that the movement means in this example do not contain any intermediate piece or fittings of the scissors type. Furthermore, it can also be seen that the installation of such a sliding window in the wall opening differs substantially from the installation of the translation sliding window. Indeed, the sliding window is positioned here such that the window frame ends flush with one side of the wall, so that the sash is contained in a plane which runs parallel to this side of the wall, but is nevertheless separate from it. In this way, the sash can slide freely.According to yet another embodiment, the window is of the stop type (not shown in the figures), the movement means being arranged between the sash and the window frame and being designed so as to form at least one axis of rotation of the sash frame when the window is opened / closed. For example, the moving means comprise a belt arranged to form a vertical axis of rotation. Preferably, the band is positioned within a recess machined into the outer surface of the frame so that it remains concealed. The fastening of the band within the depression takes place in a manner known per se.FIGS. 2 a, 2 band 2 cschematically illustrate an alternative embodiment of the window 100 of FIGS. 1 ato 1 f, and correspond to a cross-sectional view along a closed, a translationally opened and a slidingly opened position of the window 100, respectively. FIGS. 2a to 2c show a cross section in the region of the posts of the window 100, only one post being shown. However, it will be appreciated that the arrangements described below relate symmetrically to the entire window 100.As shown in FIGS. 2a to 2c, the window 100 is of the translation-slide window type. The peripheral edges of the bezel frame 120 extend substantially beyond the peripheral edges of the bezel frame 110 when the window 100 is closed to define a circumferential extension 123 of the bezel frame 120 opposite the bezel frame 110. The respective peripheral edges of the sash 110 and glazing 130 are in turn aligned.The window 100 includes a perimeter cover 170 that is configured to cooperate edge-to-edge with the perimeter extension when the window 100 is closed when the window 100 is closed. By "edge-to-edge" is meant herein that the cover 170 extends in cross-section a circumferential edge 124 of the bezel frame 120, the circumferential edge 124 connecting the respective circumferential edges of the inner side 121 and the outer side 122 of the bezel frame 120. As shown in Figures 2a-2c, the width of the perimeter cover 170 is equal to the width of the perimeter extension 123.Furthermore, the cover 170 cooperates firmly with the peripheral extension 123 by retaining means known per se (adhesive, screws, etc.). However, it is not excluded that there is a detachable cooperation between the cover 170 and the circumferential extension 123, for example by counterbore.In addition, when the window 100 is closed, the peripheral cover 170 is configured to extend in a direction normal to the glazing 130, at least up to the inner surface 131 of the glazing 130 overlying the sash 110. If the peripheral extension 123 of the window frame 120 forms an offset with respect to the casement frame 110, the peripheral cover 170 makes it possible at least partially to bridge this offset in order to obtain a window 100 in the form of a rectangular block.Finally, when the window 100 is closed, the cover 170 is configured to effect thermal insulation at least in the normal direction in which it extends. Thus, the cover 170 advantageously makes it possible, beyond the aesthetic compensation of the offset created by the peripheral extension 123, to reduce the heat exchange operations taking place in the area of the peripheral extension 123 that is not hidden by the glazing 130 and the sash 110. However, it should be noted that such heat exchange operations have little effect on the performance of the window 100, particularly due to the small dimensions of the perimeter extension 123, for example at most 1 cm. Thus, it can be understood that the peripheral cover 170 provides an aid to the thermal insulation performance of the window 100.It should also be noted that the more that cover covers at least the sash 110, the better the additional thermal insulation provided by the cover 170. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the peripheral cover 170 extends to the exterior surface 132 of the glazing 130.To form a thermal barrier, the cover 170 is made of, for example, a plastic material, preferably a TPE type thermoplastic elastomer material. The cover 170 also includes, for example, cells (not shown in the figures) formed in an interior volume defined by its walls. The use of such cells is known, and the skilled person in particular knows that they contribute to limiting heat exchange processes by convection since they enclose air in the stationary state.The above-described configuration and arrangement of the peripheral cover 170 is by no means restrictive. Thus, it is not excluded that there is a peripheral cover attached to the sash 110 or glazing 130 to cooperate edge-to-edge with the peripheral extension 123 of the window frame 120.It is also not excluded that the peripheral edge of the sash frame 110 also extends substantially beyond the peripheral edge of the glazing 130, for example, so as to align with the peripheral edge of the window frame 120. In this case, the perimeter extension is defined in the area of the outer surface of the sash 110, and the cover 170 cooperates edge-to-edge with this perimeter extension to extend in a normal manner to the glazing 130, for example, to the outer surface 132 of the glazing 130.The alternative embodiment of the window 100 in FIGS. 2 ato 2 c relates on the one hand to the presence of the circumferential cover 170 and on the other hand also to the configuration of the means for moving the sash frame 110 with respect to the window frame 120. These two aspects are independent of one another within the scope of the embodiment of the window 100.To this end, and as shown in Figures 2a to 2c, the outer surface 122 of the frame 120 includes a circumferential groove 125 which extends away from the glazing 130. Such a circumferential groove 125 thus forms a depression which is shaped, for example, in a rectangular shape in cross section.In addition, the intermediate piece 140 has a substantially L-shaped cross section, which is formed by a first leg 143 and a second leg 144. The first leg 143 is configured to cooperate with the circumferential groove 125 during the translation movement normal to the glazing 130. The second leg 144 in turn carries sliding guides (not shown in the figures), which are for example of the same design as those described in FIGS. 1a to 1f. Moreover, the second leg 144 is configured to abut against the sash 110 during the translation movement normal to the glazing 130. For example, and as shown in FIG. 2 a, when the window 100 is closed, the second leg 144 abuts the outer surface 122 of the bezel frame 120 at a portion of the outer surface 122 that extends normal to the circumferential groove 125. The second leg 144 further extends a distance that is less than the width of the outer surface 122.In other words, the intermediate piece 140 forms, in cross section, an angle configured to be recessed in the peripheral groove 125 of the window frame 120 when the window 100 is closed and to push the sash frame 110 in translation during the first step of the translational sliding movement. The second step of the movement is in turn carried out by means of the sliding guides.According to this alternative embodiment, the interposer 140 is hidden when the window 100 is closed, thereby improving the overall aesthetic nature of the window 100. Indeed, the thickness of the multilayer structure here is substantially equal to the sum of the respective thicknesses of the glazing 130 and the sash frame 110 and the frame 120. This is because the thickness of the second leg 144 is, for example, at most a few millimeters, typically 2 mm, and is therefore negligible with respect to those of the glazing 130 or the frames 110, 120.It should be noted that the movement of the L-shaped intermediate piece 140 is effected by means of a fitting identical to that described in Figures 1a to 1f, for example by means of scissors fixed in the peripheral groove 125 between the frame 120 and the first leg 143 of the L.In another aspect, the invention relates to a pre-assembled assembly, or kit, having profiles for assembling a sash 110, profiles for assembling a bezel 120, and moving means to facilitate the construction of a window 100 according to the invention. The profiles are of the post and crosspiece type and are provided, for example, so as to have a predetermined length. The lengths of the profiles are adapted to the opening into which the assembled window 100 is to be inserted, for example. Alternatively, the profiles of the kit have a standard length, so that they can be adapted by cutting after the kit has been obtained.However, it is not excluded that the kit also comprises other elements, such as a glazing 130, a fitting 150 intended to set the movement means in motion, etc.In yet another aspect, the invention relates to a method of closing an opening in a wall separating an exterior environment 20 from an interior environment 10. The method includes the steps consisting of:- Construction of a kit according to the invention,assembling a window 100 in the brick wall opening by means of the construction kit.For example, the window 100 is assembled prior to its installation in the opening of the wall. Alternatively, the window elements are inserted into the opening one after the other, for example starting from the window frame 120.In a particular embodiment, the step of assembling the window 100 in the brickwork opening is carried out so that the glazing 130 faces the external environment 20. This embodiment corresponds to the above description.However, it is not excluded that a different position of the window is present. Thus, according to another embodiment, the step of assembling the window in the brickwork opening is carried out so that the glazing 130 faces the interior environment 10. In this way, when viewing the window in a direction normal to the glazing from the interior environment, only the glazing can be seen. Such an embodiment is different from that in which the glazing 130 faces the external environment 20 only in the position of the window 100, and therefore does not require additional handles. It can therefore be seen that, in this embodiment, the outer surface of the glazing is opposite the internal environment.The above description clearly shows that the present invention, by its various features and advantages, achieves the stated objects. In particular, it allows the production of a window with excellent thermal and acoustic insulation performance and simple design and assembly.

Claims

Window (100) for closing an opening made in a wall separating an internal environment (10) from an external environment (20), the window comprising a sash (110), a window frame (120), a glazing (130) firmly cooperating with the sash (110), and means for moving the sash (110) relative to the window frame (120) when the window (100) is opened / closed, the window (100) being characterized in that the sash (110) and the moving means are arranged between the glazing (130) and the window frame (120) such that the window (100), when closed, forms a multilayer structure having: - a height and a width substantially identical to the corresponding dimensions of the glazing (130), - a thickness, which is at least equal to the sum of the respective thicknesses of the glazing (130) and of the sash (110) and the frame (120).Window (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the glazing (130) overlies the sash (110) so that its respective peripheral edges are aligned.The window (100) of any of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the respective peripheral edges of the bezel (120) and sash (110) are aligned when the window (100) is closed.Window (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the peripheral edge of the window frame (120) extends substantially beyond the peripheral edge of the window frame (110) when the window (100) is closed so as to define, opposite the window frame (110), a peripheral extension (123) of the window frame (120), the window (100) comprising a peripheral cover (170) configured to, when the window (100) is closed: - cooperate edge-to-edge with the peripheral extension (123), - extend in a direction normal to the glazing (130), at least up to an inner surface (131) of the glazing (130) overlying the window frame (110), - establish thermal insulation at least in the normal direction.Window (100) according to claim 4, characterised in that the peripheral cover (170) extends as far as an outer surface (132) of the glazing (130), the outer surface (132) being opposite the inner surface (131) in a direction normal to the glazing (130).Window (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it is of the sliding translation window type, the movement means comprising: - an intermediate piece (140) arranged between the sash (110) and the window frame (120) and movable in translation in a direction normal to the glazing (130), in order to move the sash (110) in translation in an identical direction, - a fitting (150) configured to move the intermediate piece (140) in translation, - sliding guides (160) arranged on the intermediate piece (140), the sash (110) cooperating with the sliding guides (160) for sliding in a direction parallel to the glazing (130), the movement means being furthermore configured so as to slide in a direction parallel to the glazing (130), the translation movement normal to the glazing (130) precedes the sliding parallel to the glazing (130) when the window (100) is opened and vice versa when the window (100) is closed.The window (100) of claim 6, characterized in that the intermediate piece (140) is a frame having substantially the same shape and dimension as the sash (110) and the bezel (120), and is arranged such that the respective peripheral edges of the sash (110), the bezel (120), and the intermediate piece (140) are substantially aligned when the window (100) is closed.Window (100) according to claim 6, characterised in that the window frame (120) includes an outer surface (122) arranged opposite the sash frame (110) when the window (100) is closed and comprising a peripheral groove (125) extending away from the glazing (130), the intermediate piece (140) having a substantially L-shaped cross-section formed by a first leg (143) and a second leg (144), such that: - the first leg (143) is configured to cooperate with the peripheral groove (125) during the translation movement normal to the glazing (130), - the second leg (144) carries the sliding guides (160) and is configured to abut against the sash frame (110) during the translation movement normal to the glazing (130).Window (100) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the fitting (150) is of the scissors type connecting the intermediate piece (140) to the window frame (120).Window (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it is of the sliding window type, the movement means comprising sliding guides (160) arranged on the window frame (120) and configured to allow the sash frame (110) to slide in a direction parallel to the glazing (130).Window (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it is of the stop type, the movement means being arranged between the sash (110) and the window frame (120) and being designed so as to form at least one axis of rotation of the sash (110) when the window (100) is opened / closed.Window (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the glazing (130) is at least one double glazing, preferably a triple glazing.Window (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the firm interaction of the glazing (130) with the sash (110) is produced by adhesives at least partially covering an outer surface (112) of the sash (110), the outer surface (112) being arranged opposite the glazing (130).A preassembled assembly or kit, characterised in that it comprises profiles for assembling a sash (110), profiles for assembling a window frame (120), and movement means for allowing the construction of a window (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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