Unloading device for moving a transport vehicle

Abstract

Unloading device (2) for moving a transport vehicle, in particular a dump truck (4), above a trench (6) to be filled, comprising a base device (8) which is adjacent to a ground plane (BE) and has at least one base frame (10), and a pivoting device (12) which forms a support surface (14) for the dump truck (4) which is remote from the ground plane (BE) and has a first end (16) and a second end (18) spaced from the first end (16) in a longitudinal direction (LR), and which is mounted on the base device (8) in such a way that the pivoting device (12) is pivotable relative to the base device (8) about a pivot axis (SA) which is perpendicular to the ground plane (BE) from a loading position into an unloading position.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an aid for filling a trench.

[0002] The restructuring of the energy supply system, particularly the increasing share of renewable energies, requires the laying of a large number of new underground lines. To install these lines, a trench is first dug. The lines are then laid in the trench. Finally, the trench is backfilled.

[0003] For the installation of the pipes, a temporary single-lane roadway is usually created next to the trench for construction vehicles. This roadway is often used as a one-way street by construction vehicles. The roadway is used to transport the excavated earth and to transport the material that will ultimately be used to backfill the trench.

[0004] Dump trucks are typically used for material transport, so the present invention will be explained using a dump truck as an example. Of course, the invention is not limited to a dump truck. The unloading device according to the invention can be used to move a wide variety of transport vehicles, particularly construction vehicles. These can be, for example, concrete mixer trucks, low-loaders, or similar.

[0005] After the material to be used to backfill the trench has been transported, especially by dump truck, it has been common practice to have an excavator remove the material from the dump truck while it is on the roadway. The material is then transferred bucket by bucket from the dump truck into the trench to be backfilled. This process is extremely time-consuming and costly.

[0006] The object of the invention is to provide a reliable and versatile tool for reducing the effort required for backfilling trenches. Furthermore, a tool is to be provided to improve logistics on a construction site.

[0007] According to the invention, this object is achieved by an unloading device. The unloading device serves to position a transport vehicle, in particular to position the dump truck above the trench to be filled. Furthermore, the unloading device serves to position a transport vehicle in a required direction of travel. The unloading device comprises a base device and a pivoting device. The base device is adjacent to a ground plane and has at least one base frame. The pivoting device forms a support surface for the dump truck. The support surface has a first end and a second end spaced apart from the first end in a longitudinal direction. The pivoting device is mounted on the base device in such a way that the pivoting device is pivotable relative to the base device about a pivot axis perpendicular to the ground plane from a loading position to an unloading position.

[0008] In use, the unloading device according to the invention is to be positioned next to the trench, in particular on the roadway. Upon the arrival of a dump truck with material to be used to fill the trench, the pivoting device of the unloading device must be arranged in the drive-on position. In the drive-on position, the longitudinal direction of the pivoting device coincides in particular with a longitudinal direction of the roadway. The dump truck must drive onto the contact surface of the pivoting device, in particular via the first end. The pivoting device, with the upright dump truck, must then be pivoted from the drive-on position to the unloading position. This moves at least part of the dump truck into a position above the trench. In the unloading position, the trough is to be tipped out. The material to be used to fill the trench thus reaches the trench directly and quickly from the dump truck.Preferably, the swivel device should also be swiveled during dumping, for example, to distribute the material along a longitudinal direction of the trench. The dump truck should then drive away from the contact area.

[0009] The unloading device according to the invention significantly reduces the effort required to backfill the trench. In particular, the unloading device saves time spent unloading the trough. The entire unloading process, i.e., from the moment the dump truck drives up to the moment it drives away, takes just one to two minutes. Furthermore, the excavator normally used, including the personnel required to operate it, is no longer required. Overall, the trench can thus be backfilled considerably faster and more cost-effectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the unloading device according to the invention can, in one embodiment, ensure that escape routes can be kept clear as far as possible by allowing the unloading device to be driven over in the manner of a mobile bridge. This means that even single-lane construction site access routes are not blocked by the unloading device according to the invention.

[0011] The unloading device according to the invention is a construction machine. A dump truck is a commercial vehicle for transporting bulk material. A dump truck's trough, which is characterized by its open top, at least in a loading position, so that it can be filled from above, for example, by an excavator.

[0012] During operation, the base of the unloading device rests on a surface of the roadway or ground, ideally at ground level. The base is positioned between the swivel device of the unloading device and the ground level. During operation, the base thus supports the weight of the swivel device and the dump truck.

[0013] The contact surface of the pivoting device is, in particular, at least predominantly or entirely flat. The contact surface is preferably formed by a closed surface, for example a sheet metal, or by an interrupted surface or a surface with openings, e.g. a grating. The contact surface extends, in particular, at right angles to the pivot axis. The contact surface is preferably large enough to accommodate an entire dump truck of conventional size. In particular, the contact surface is rectangular, with its extension in the longitudinal direction exceeding the extension of the contact surface transversely thereto. Ideally, the extension of the contact surface in the longitudinal direction is at least 8 m and transversely thereto at least 3 m.In particular, the pivoting device is designed such that the support surface is designed to be tiltable, at least in the unloading position, about a tilting axis parallel to the ground plane and rectangular to the longitudinal direction, in order to be able to unload with the unloading device even transport vehicles or containers that do not have their own tilting function.

[0014] The pivoting device is preferably designed such that, in the drive-on position, it is arranged completely laterally offset from the trench to be filled. The pivoting device is designed such that the dump truck to be unloaded can reach the contact area forwards via the first end of the contact area and / or backwards via the second end of the contact area. In the drive-on position, the longitudinal direction of the pivoting device coincides with a drive-on direction. The same applies in particular to a drive-off position, in which the dump truck leaves the contact area after unloading.

[0015] The unloading device is designed in particular such that the pivoting device is pivoted by at least 30°, preferably at least 60°, particularly preferably 90°, optimally by 180° up to 360°, relative to the base device in order to transfer it from the loading position into the unloading position.

[0016] The pivoting is preferably achieved by a pivot drive. The pivoting is enabled by a pivot bearing of the unloading device, which is arranged between the base device and the pivoting device or is formed by the base device and the pivoting device.

[0017] The pivoting device is preferably designed such that the first end of the contact surface is further away from the pivot axis than the base device extends from the pivot axis in the longitudinal direction of the pivot device when the pivot device is in the unloading position. This means in particular that the first end of the contact surface projects beyond the base device transversely to the driving direction in the unloading position. If the unloading device is intended to be positioned next to the trench to be filled, the first end of the contact surface and preferably the rear of the dump truck can be easily positioned above the trench so that the bulk material can flow from the trough into the trench under gravity without the need for additional aids. In order to ensure this for common dump truck and trench sizes, the first end is preferably spaced from the pivot axis by at least 4 m, particularly preferably by at least 5 m.For large trenches, the distance between the first end and the pivot axis is, in particular, at least 1.5 times, preferably at least 1.8 times, and particularly preferably at least twice the extension of the base device from the pivot axis in the longitudinal direction of the pivot device in the unloading position. In the drive-on position, the first end, preferably the entire contact surface, preferably does not project beyond the base device in a direction parallel to the ground plane, in order to ensure the greatest possible stability of the unloading device for driving-on and driving-off dump trucks.

[0018] The unloading device, in particular the base device of the unloading device, preferably has at least one ramp element, which makes it easier for dump trucks to bridge a height difference between the ground level and the support surface. The ramp element has, in particular, a ramp surface facing away from the ground level, which, at least in the drive-on position of the pivoting device, adjoins the first end of the support surface, and whose distance from the ground level decreases, at least in sections, with increasing distance from the pivot axis.

[0019] In the drive-on position, the ramp surface touches the contact surface or is slightly spaced from the contact surface in the drive-on position so that the dump truck can move from the ramp surface to the contact surface without difficulty. The ramp surface is in particular angled by less than 45°, preferably by less than 20°, to the ground plane. There may be a slight height offset between the end of the ramp surface closest to the contact surface and the contact surface, as well as between the opposite end of the ramp surface and the ground plane. In particular, the ramp surface has a section of the ramp surface that is parallel to the ground plane between the contact surface and a section of the ramp surface that is angled relative to the ground plane. The ramp element enables the dump truck to reach the contact surface under its own power.

[0020] The base device preferably has a chassis. The chassis comprises at least one traveling element that rotates during operation and is adjacent to the ground level. The chassis embodies the unloading device as a vehicle. The direction of travel coincides, in particular, with the drive-on direction and / or the longitudinal direction of the pivoting device in the drive-on position. The chassis is designed to move the unloading device with the pivoting device in the drive-on position and / or with the pivoting device in the unloading position.

[0021] The chassis preferably comprises at least two chassis elements offset transversely to the direction of travel. The pivot axis is preferably arranged between the at least two chassis elements. In particular, the unloading device is only adjacent to the ground level with the at least one chassis element. The at least one chassis element is preferably designed as a wheel or as a chain running around at least two wheels. Depending on the application, the chassis is therefore preferably designed as a wheel chassis or as a tracked chassis or crawler chassis. The chassis enables the unloading device to move in a longitudinal direction of the trench to be filled, i.e. a longitudinal direction of the trench. Therefore, no additional machine is required to move the unloading device along the trench. The preferred option of traveling with the pivoting device in the unloading position even enables the bulk material to be distributed from a trough along the longitudinal direction of the trench.The unloading device is therefore particularly preferably designed as a self-propelled rotary unloading device for different transport vehicles.

[0022] The base device preferably has at least one support element. In a support position, the support element borders the ground plane. In particular, the support element is not designed for rotation or circulating. Preferably, the support element is movably mounted on the base frame such that it can be spaced from the ground plane when in the support position. The ground plane is to be understood as being stationary relative to the base frame. Preferably, the support element is arranged offset in the drive-on direction from the driving element and / or the ramp element. The support element ensures greater stability of the unloading device, particularly when the dump truck is driving up or down.

[0023] The pivoting device is preferably mounted on the base device in such a way that the pivoting device can pivot about the pivot axis relative to the base device by at least 180°. The pivoting device can particularly preferably pivot by 180° from the drive-on position, so that dump trucks can be turned in such a way that they can drive onto and off the contact surface in opposite directions, but in each case parallel to the trench to be filled. In particular, the pivot axis is arranged centrally between the long sides of the contact surface. To achieve maximum flexibility of the unloading device, the pivoting device can be rotated relative to the base device, i.e. can be pivoted by at least 360°, and / or can be pivoted or rotated both clockwise and counterclockwise.The unloading device preferably has two ramp elements, in particular of identical design, between which the pivot axis is arranged. This allows access to the support surface from two opposite sides.

[0024] Preferably, the base frame, in particular the base device, is designed to be mirror-symmetrical to a mirror plane perpendicular to the direction of travel.

[0025] Preferably, the pivoting device is designed such that the first end of the support surface is at a greater distance from the pivot axis than the second end of the support surface. In use, in the unloading position, the first end protrudes further beyond the base device than the second end. This ensures that the rear of the dump truck can be positioned sufficiently far above it, even with wide vehicles. It also minimizes the space required by the pivoting device on the side of the unloading device facing away from the trenches, where excavated earth and construction materials are often stored.

[0026] The unloading device preferably has at least one drive device. The drive device comprises a motor and is designed at least to drive the pivoting device relative to the base device. Alternatively or additionally, the drive device is designed to drive the travel element relative to the base frame and / or to drive the support element relative to the base frame. The drive device comprises, in particular, an internal combustion engine, electric motor, and / or hydraulic motor. The drive device enables the unloading device to be operated independently of external supply devices or tractors.

[0027] The pivoting device is preferably designed such that, at least in an unloading configuration, the center of gravity is further away from the first end of the support surface than the pivot axis. The unloading configuration is realized in particular at least when the pivoting device is arranged in the unloading position, but can also be realized in particular independently of the position of the pivoting device. The said distance is measured in the longitudinal direction of the pivoting device. By arranging the pivot axis between the center of gravity and the second end, it is possible to position the dump truck on the support surface such that its center of gravity is arranged between the first end and the pivot axis, without the overall center of gravity of the pivoting device with the dump truck being so far away from the pivot axis that the unloading device becomes unstable.The position of the center of gravity of the swivel device thus allows the unloading of even dump trucks that have loaded a particularly large amount of bulk material without overloading the unloading device.

[0028] The pivoting device preferably has at least one ballasting element which, at least in the unloading configuration, is spaced further from the first end of the support surface than from the second end and / or the pivot axis. The ballasting element particularly achieves the preferred center of gravity position. The ballasting element is particularly arranged offset from the support surface in a direction parallel to the ground plane. The ballasting element is preferably formed at least partially by the drive device or at least a part thereof. The at least one ballasting element is particularly releasably attached to a pivot frame of the pivoting device. The pivoting device preferably has several lined-up, particularly stacked, ballasting elements. The ballasting element allows the center of gravity of the pivoting device to be easily influenced.

[0029] The pivoting device preferably has at least a first ballasting element and at least one second ballasting element. The first ballasting element and the second ballasting element are each arranged offset from the contact surface transversely to the longitudinal direction. In a plan view, the contact surface is arranged at least partially between the first ballasting element and the second ballasting element. In the plan view, the viewing direction is aligned parallel to the pivot axis. The first ballasting element is formed in particular by the drive device. The ballasting elements designed in this way can largely influence the center of gravity without necessarily increasing the space required by the pivoting device in the longitudinal device and without moving the center of gravity away from a longitudinal plane of the pivoting device in which the pivot axis lies and which extends in the longitudinal direction.

[0030] Preferably, the first ballasting element and the second ballasting element are mounted so as to be movable at least partially in the longitudinal direction relative to the support surface. In particular, the at least one ballasting element is mounted on the pivot frame so as to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction. This allows the center of gravity of the pivoting device to be optimally adjusted depending on the size, weight, or position of the dump truck on the support surface.

[0031] Particularly preferably, the unloading device has a sensor for measuring a force acting from the pivoting device on the base device and / or a torque acting from the pivoting device on the base device. In this case, the unloading device also has a control device designed to move the at least one ballasting element as a function of the force or torque. The control device is designed in particular for an automatic movement of the ballasting element. The torque is in particular the torque about an axis parallel to the ground plane and, in plan view, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Alternatively or additionally, the control device is designed to move the ballasting element as a function of a measured weight, a measured position of the dump truck, or the like.

[0032] The pivoting device has at least one side support, which is at least partially spaced further from the ground than the contact surface. The at least one side support extends at least partially alongside the dump truck after it has driven onto the contact surface. The at least one side support preferably serves to form a railing along the long sides of the contact surface. The side support is designed to stiffen the pivoting device in the manner of a suspension, arch, or truss girder bridge. The side support allows sufficient stiffening of the pivoting device with a small distance between the contact surface and the ground level.

[0033] The pivoting device is preferably mounted on the base device by means of a roller bearing and / or a ball bearing. The roller bearing is, in particular, a cylindrical roller bearing or a tapered roller bearing. The ball bearing is, in particular, an axial ball bearing, preferably a four-point contact bearing. The bearing(s) are preferably single-row or multi-row and form a slewing ring. These bearings enable the pivoting device to achieve a particularly high load-bearing capacity.

[0034] The unloading device preferably has a support arrangement which is arranged at least partially between the pivot axis and the first end of the contact surface and between the pivot device and the base device. The support arrangement has a first support partner and a second support partner which is designed to slide or roll on the first support partner. One of the two support partners is arranged on the pivot device, the other of the two support partners is arranged on the base device. In particular, the roller bearing and / or the ball bearing is arranged between the support arrangement and the pivot axis. The support arrangement serves to support the bearing in the area of ​​the highest load and thus increases the reliability of the unloading device.

[0035] The unloading device preferably has a guide device which, at least in the unloading position, is connected to the first end of the support surface and is designed to guide bulk material into the trench. The unloading device is arranged in particular on the base device or on the pivoting device. The loading device is in particular a chute or a hopper. The loading device is formed in particular by the ramp element, which in this case has different functions depending on the position of the pivoting device. A guide surface of the guide device is angled at least in sections by less than 90° to the ground plane. The guide device enables the backfilling of particularly wide trenches without the first end of the support surface having to be moved further away from the pivot axis, which would significantly increase the load on the unloading device.

[0036] The pivoting device preferably has at least one positioning element designed to position the dump truck on the support surface such that the rear wheels of the dump truck are arranged close to the first end of the support surface. The positioning element particularly forms the support surface so that it is driven over when the dump truck drives up or down. The positioning element preferably protrudes from the adjacent part of the support surface in a direction away from the ground plane.

[0037] The problem is further solved by a metering body for backfilling a trench. The metering body has a front wall, a rear wall spaced from the front wall in a metering body longitudinal direction, which coincides with the trench longitudinal direction during operation, two side walls, and a base. The base touches a ground plane or is arranged in a ground plane. The ground plane is arranged, in particular, parallel to the ground plane. The metering body has a metering recess between the rear wall and the ground plane that runs continuously in the metering body longitudinal direction.

[0038] The rear wall is spaced apart from the ground plane. These walls and the floor form a receiving chamber for the dosing body. The receiving chamber is open, particularly on the side facing away from the ground plane, so that bulk material can be introduced into the receiving chamber from above, for example, by a dump truck. As the dosing body moves in the longitudinal direction of the dosing body, the bulk material can leave the receiving chamber through the dosing recess into the trench. In doing so, the dosing body leaves a layer of bulk material with a constant layer thickness in the trench.

[0039] The dosing body is, in particular, a rigid container. The front and rear walls are, in particular, vertical. The side walls extend toward each other in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the dosing body, in particular in a V-shape. The rear wall preferably touches a transverse plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the dosing body, which transverse plane is arranged between the front and rear walls. The base is, in particular, spaced from the transverse plane such that the dosing recess also extends continuously in a direction oriented perpendicular to the base plane.

[0040] Preferably, the metering body has at least one conduit recess extending in the longitudinal direction of the metering body between the front wall and the base plane or within the front wall. An end of the conduit recess facing away from the base plane is spaced closer to the base plane than an end of the metering recess facing away from the base plane. Through the conduit recess, a conduit to be laid in the trench can be automatically embedded in the bulk material layer by the advancement of the metering body in the longitudinal direction of the metering body.

[0041] The unloading device described above is to be used according to the working procedures described below. First, the unloading device is to be positioned next to a trench to be filled, with the swivel device arranged in the drive-in position. A dump truck is then positioned on the contact surface of the swivel device. The swivel device is then moved into the unloading position. The dump truck then tips the loaded material over a first end of the contact surface into the trench. The swivel device is then swiveled back into the drive-in position or into a drive-down position swiveled 180° to the drive-in position. The dump truck then leaves the contact surface. The unloading device preferably moves in the longitudinal direction of the trench before or while the next dump truck is positioned on the contact surface and / or while the first dump truck is tipping bulk material into the trench.Preferably, the bulk material is tipped into the dosing body described above. The dosing body moves in a straight longitudinal direction, particularly next to the unloading device, at the same speed as the rear device.

[0042] Further details and advantages of the invention can be found in the schematically illustrated figures described below. They show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of an unloading device with a swivel device in a drive-on position and a dump truck standing on it, Fig. 2 the perspective view of the unloading device according to Fig. 1 with the swivel device in an unloading position, Fig. 3 a perspective view of a construction site with the unloading device according to Fig. 1, Fig. 4 a perspective view of the construction site according to Fig. 3 with the unloading device according to Fig. 2, Fig. 5 a plan view of a part of the construction site according to Fig. 4, Fig. 6 a side view of a part of the construction site according to Fig. 4, Fig. 7. The perspective representation according to Fig. 3 with dump truck leaving the unloading facility.

[0043] The features of the invention described below can also be the subject of the invention in a different combination than shown, but always in combination with the features of claim 1. Parts of the invention which have the same or similar effects are provided with identical reference numerals.

[0044] The Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show an embodiment of the unloading device 2 according to the invention. A terrain on which the unloading device 2 stands during its use is shown in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 in contrast to the Fig. 3 ff. The unloading device 2 serves to move a Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shown dump truck 4 above a trench 6 to be filled, which is formed by the Fig. 3 ff. is shown.

[0045] The unloading device 2 has a base device 8. The base device 8 borders on a floor level BE and has a base frame 10. On the base frame 10, the base device 8 has a chassis with two traveling elements 26 that rotate during operation. The traveling elements 26 are designed as chains or crawlers that border the floor level BE. Furthermore, the base device 8 has support elements 28, each of which is shown in a support position in the figures. In the support position, the support elements 28 border the floor level BE. The support elements 28 are movably mounted on the base frame 10 such that they can be spaced apart from the floor level BE from the support position. During operation, the support elements 28 are spaced apart from the floor level BE, in particular before the traveling gear is driven, and are only moved back again when the vehicle is at a standstill so as not to impede travel. The support elements 28 are to be understood as optional equipment.

[0046] The unloading device 2 has a pivoting device 12. The pivoting device 12 is arranged on the base device 8 such that the base device 8 is arranged between the pivoting device 12 and the ground plane BE. The pivoting device 12 forms a contact surface 14 facing away from the ground plane BE, on which the dump truck 4 can be Fig. 1 to 6. The support surface 14 is formed by a flat grating. The support surface 14 has a rectangular shape, with a first end 16 of the support surface 14 being spaced from a second end 18 of the support surface 14 in a longitudinal direction LR of the pivoting device 12.

[0047] The swivel device 12 is mounted on the base device 8 in such a way that the swivel device 12 can be rotated relative to the base device 8 about a swivel axis SA perpendicular to the ground plane BE from a drive-up position in which the swivel device 12 is Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 7, into an unloading position in which the swivel device 12 is Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is shown, is pivotable. The pivoting device 12 is designed such that the first end 16 of the support surface 14 is further spaced from the pivot axis SA than the base device 8 extends from the pivot axis SA in the longitudinal direction LR in the unloading position of the pivoting device 12, so that the first end 16 projects in the longitudinal direction LR beyond the base device 8 to above the trench 6 (see in particular Fig. 6). The swivel device 12 can be rotated from the drive-on position relative to the base device 8 in both directions. The swivel axis SA has a greater distance A1 from the first end 16 of the contact surface 14 than from the second end 18 of the contact surface 14 (distance A2; see Fig. 5).

[0048] The unloading device 2 has a drive device 30 with a motor for driving the pivoting device 12 relative to the base device 8. The drive device 30 is arranged in the region of the second end 18 of the support surface 14 laterally next to the support surface 14 on the pivoting device 12. A ballasting element 32 is arranged opposite the drive device 30 on the pivoting device 12, so that the support surface 14 is arranged between the ballasting elements 32 and the drive device 30. The drive device 30 and the ballasting element 32 are spaced further from the first end 16 of the support surface 14 than the pivot axis SA. This ensures that a center of gravity SP of the pivoting device 12 is spaced further from the first end 16 of the support surface 14 than the pivot axis SA.In addition, the pivoting device 12 has a plurality of side supports 34 which are spaced further from the ground plane BE than the contact surface 14.

[0049] The base device 8 has two ramp elements 20. The ramp elements 20 each have a ramp surface 22 facing away from the ground plane BE. The ramp surface 22 has a section parallel to the ground plane BE and a section adjoining the parallel section and inclined relative to the ground plane BE. In the drive-up position of the pivoting device 12, the ramp surface 22 of one ramp element 20 adjoins the first end 16 of the support surface 14. The ramp surface 22 of the further ramp element 22 adjoins the second end 18 of the support surface 14.

[0050] In the application case, the unloading device 2 is parked on a roadway 7 temporarily constructed next to the trench 6. According to the Fig. 3 to 7, a first loaded dump truck 4 (in Fig. 3 incorrectly shown unloaded) via a first of the ramp elements 20 in the longitudinal direction LR onto the contact surface 14, while the pivoting device 12 is arranged in the drive-on position. The pivoting device 12 is then pivoted about the pivot axis SA into the unloading position and the first dump truck 4 tips the loaded bulk material over the first end of the contact surface 14 into the trench 6. The pivoting device 12 is then pivoted back into the drive-on position and the first dump truck 4 drives away from the contact surface 14 in the longitudinal direction LR. Finally, the same process is repeated with another, loaded dump truck 4.

[0051] In the illustrated embodiment, the bulk material is tipped by the dump trucks 4 into a dosing body 50 within the trench 6. The dosing body 50 has a front wall 55, a bottom 54 adjacent to a base plane GE, two inclined side walls 53, and a rear wall 51. The dosing body 50 forms a dosing recess 52 that is continuous in the straight longitudinal direction between the rear wall 51 and the base plane GE. The dosing body 50 serves to form a layer of constant height formed by the bulk material on the bottom of the trench 6, i.e., on the base plane GE, while the dosing body 50 is moved through the trench 6 in a trench longitudinal direction GLR.

[0052] In the illustrated embodiment, two lines 36 are then deposited on this layer. A further metering body 40 serves this purpose. Similar to the first metering body 50, this body has a front wall 45, a base 44, two side walls 43, and a rear wall 41. The further metering body 40 also has a metering recess 42. Furthermore, the body has two line recesses 46 between the front wall and the base plane, through which the lines 36 extend. Reference symbol: 2 unloading device 4 dump trucks 6 trench 8 Basic device 10 base frames 12 Swivel device 14 Contact area 16 first end 18 second end 20 ramp element 22 Ramp area 26 Driving element 28 Support element 30 drive device 32 Ballasting element 34 side supports BE floor level LR longitudinal direction SA swivel axis SP Focus

Claims

[1] Unloading device (2) for moving a transport vehicle, in particular a dump truck (4), above a trench (6) to be filled, comprising a base device (8) which is adjacent to a ground plane (BE) and has at least one base frame (10), and a pivoting device (12) which forms a support surface (14) facing away from the ground plane (BE), which has a first end (16) and a second end (18) spaced from the first end (16) in a longitudinal direction (LR), for the dump truck (4) and is mounted on the base device (8) in such a way that the pivoting device (12) is pivotable relative to the base device (8) about a pivot axis (SA) perpendicular to the ground plane (BE) from a loading position into an unloading position. [2] Unloading device according to claim 1, characterized bythat the pivoting device (12) is designed such that the first end (16) of the support surface (14) is further spaced from the pivot axis (SA) than the base device (8) extends from the pivot axis (SA) in the longitudinal direction (LR) in the unloading position of the pivoting device (12). [3] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one ramp element (20) with a ramp surface (22) facing away from the ground plane (BE), which in the drive-up position of the pivoting device (12) adjoins the first end (16) of the contact surface (14) and whose distance from the ground plane (BE) decreases at least in sections with increasing distance from the pivot axis (SA). [4] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the base device (8) has a chassis with at least one traveling element (26) which rotates during operation and which is adjacent to the ground plane (BE). [5] Unloading device according to claim 4, characterized by that the chassis is designed as a crawler chassis. [6] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the base device (8) has at least one support element (28) which, in a support position, adjoins the ground plane (BE) and is movably mounted on the base frame (10) in such a way that it can be spaced from the ground plane (BE) when in the support position. [7] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the pivoting device (12) is mounted on the base device (8) in such a way that the pivoting device (12) is pivotable, in particular rotatable, about the pivot axis (SA) relative to the base device (8) by at least 180°. [8] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the pivoting device (12) is designed such that the first end (16) of the support surface (14) is at a greater distance from the pivot axis (SE) than the second end (18) of the support surface (14). [9] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one drive device (30) which comprises at least one motor and is designed at least to drive the pivoting device (12) relative to the base device (8). [10] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the pivoting device (12) is designed such that its center of gravity (SP) is at least in an unloading configuration further away from the first end (16) of the support surface (14) than the pivot axis (SA). [11] Unloading device according to claim 10, characterized bythat the pivoting device (12) has at least one ballasting element (32) which, at least in the unloading configuration, is spaced further from the first end (16) of the support surface (14) than the pivot axis (SA). [12] Unloading device according to claim 11, characterized by in that the pivoting device (12) has at least one first ballasting element (32) and at least one second ballasting element (32), which are each arranged offset from the contact surface (14) transversely to the longitudinal direction (LR), and the contact surface (14) is arranged at least partially between the first ballasting element (30) and the second ballasting element (32) in a plan view. [13] Unloading device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by that the at least one ballasting element (32) is mounted so as to be movable at least partially in the longitudinal direction (LR) relative to the contact surface (14). [14] Unloading device according to claim 13, characterized by a sensor for measuring a force / torque acting from the pivoting device (12) on the base device (8) and a control device which is designed to move the at least one ballasting element (32) as a function of the force / torque. [15] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the pivoting device (12) has at least one side support (34) which is at least partially spaced further from the ground plane (BE) than the support surface (14). [16] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the pivoting device (12) is mounted on the base device (8) at least by means of a roller bearing, in particular a cylindrical or tapered roller bearing, and / or by means of a ball bearing, in particular an axial ball bearing. [17] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bya support arrangement which is arranged at least partially between the pivot axis (SA) and the first end (16) of the support surface (14) and between the pivot device (12) and the base device (8), has a first support partner and a second support partner designed to slide or roll on the first support partner, one of which is arranged on the pivot device (12) and one of which is arranged on the base device (8), wherein the roller bearing and / or ball bearing are / is arranged between the support arrangement and the pivot axis. [18] Unloading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a guide device which, at least in the unloading position, is connected to the first end (16) of the support surface (14) and is designed to guide bulk material into the trench (6).

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