Device and arrangement for fire protection of cable or line penetrations

Abstract

Fire protection device (1) for sealing off a breakthrough (102) in a wall or ceiling (101) for the passage of cable or line elements (104), comprising a. an elastic polymer foam body (2) comprising a flame retardant, and b. at least two retaining brackets (3) made of a non-combustible material arranged on the elastic polymer foam body (2) for fastening the elastic polymer foam body (2) to the wall or ceiling (101) in front of the opening (102).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a fire protection device and a fire protection arrangement for sealing off an opening in a wall or ceiling for the passage of cable or line elements.

[0002] Openings in walls or ceilings of buildings are necessary for the passage of pipes or cables, for example, but are problematic in terms of fire protection. This is particularly true for lightweight structures. Numerous state-of-the-art solutions are known for the fire protection of cable or pipe elements through walls or ceilings. The wall or ceiling openings are fire-protected in various ways using bulkhead systems through which the cable or pipe elements are routed. For example, fire protection collars are known for sealing off wall or ceiling openings. These are arranged in front of the openings around the cable or pipe elements and contain, for example, an intumescent material that foams up in the event of a fire and closes the opening.EP 3289267 B1, for example, discloses such a fire protection collar. The fire protection collar comprises a frame and a block of optionally intumescent material arranged therein. The block is a regular polyhedron, for example a cuboid, and can be made of a foamable material. Further fire protection collars are known from EP 3289265 B1, EP 3289266 B1, EP 2906304 B1, EP 2607761 B1, and EP 3567289 B1. EP 1184522 B1 discloses a fire protection panel made of a flexible organic binder with a coarse-grained inorganic filler embedded therein. The panel can be arranged flush within an opening or in front of the opening of the opening.

[0003] Despite the existing solutions, there is still a need for solutions to protect cable or conduit penetrations through walls or ceilings, in particular for simple and inexpensive, yet reliable fire protection devices to protect cable or conduit penetrations through walls or ceilings.

[0004] To achieve the object, the present invention provides a fire protection device for sealing off a breakthrough in a wall or ceiling for the passage of cable or line elements, comprising a. an elastic polymer foam body comprising a flame retardant, and b. at least two retaining brackets made of a non-combustible material arranged on the elastic polymer foam body for fastening the elastic polymer foam body (2) to the wall or ceiling in front of the opening.

[0005] The fire protection device according to the invention is simple to manufacture and use and can be advantageously used for fire protection of wall or ceiling openings. The invention can be advantageously used in wall and ceiling structures of solid or lightweight construction. The device according to the invention comprises an elastic polymer foam body and two retaining brackets arranged on the elastic polymer foam body for fastening the elastic polymer foam body to the wall or ceiling in front of the opening of the opening. The polymer foam body comprises at least one flame retardant, for example an intumescent layer former. Intumescent inserts between the retaining bracket and the polymer foam body or wall or ceiling can be omitted. The device can be arranged on one or both sides in front of openings and can be adapted to various application situations.Cables or wires can be routed through the elastic polymer foam body by cutting appropriate recesses into the polymer foam body. Any remaining gaps between cables and / or wires and the polymer foam body can be filled in a conventional manner with a sealant, such as an intumescent material. The elastic properties of the polymer foam body enable fastening by utilizing the restoring forces of the polymer foam body to press it firmly against the wall or ceiling.

[0006] An "elastic polymer foam body containing a flame retardant" is understood here to mean an elastic molded part made of a flame-retardant polymer foam, i.e., one containing at least one flame retardant, such as polyurethane foam. Such polymer foam bodies are also known as "fire protection bricks."

[0007] "Cable and wiring elements" are understood to mean longitudinally extending elements used in buildings or other structures for conducting electricity or fluids. Examples include electrical cables and pipes for conducting water, gas, and the like.

[0008] A "flame retardant," sometimes also referred to as a "flame retardant additive," is understood here to be a substance or composition of substances that has a fire-retarding effect, i.e., an effect that limits, slows, or prevents the spread of a fire. Examples of flame retardants include intumescent materials (insulating layer formers) such as expandable graphite or water-releasing materials (ablation materials) such as aluminum hydroxide. The term also encompasses two or more different substances or compositions of substances that have a fire-retarding effect, either independently of one another or synergistically.

[0009] An “insulating layer former” or “intumescent material” is understood here to be a material which has a comparatively small volume at room temperature and which, when exposed to heat, preferably starting at 150 °C to 200 °C, experiences a significant increase in volume, preferably with the generation of a considerable expansion pressure of e.g. 1-2 N / mm 2. As a rule, with such a material, a highly thermally insulating, largely thermally stable foam layer is formed under the influence of heat, i.e. when a certain temperature referred to as the "reaction temperature" is exceeded, e.g. 150 °C, which protects the materials behind it or enclosed by it. The foam factor, ie the ratio between the layer thickness of the intumescent layer in the foamed state and the layer thickness of the intumescent layer before foaming, is preferably at least 1.5, more preferably at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 or at least 10, particularly preferably at least 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 60. An example of an intumescent material is expandable graphite.

[0010] An "ablation material" or "ablation former" refers to an ablative material that expands only relatively slightly when exposed to heat, but extracts heat energy from the environment through chemical and / or physical processes, thereby cooling the substrate coated with the ablation material. The ablation material can undergo chemical changes through endothermic reactions, such as ceramization, or evaporation, sublimation, or melting. The ablation material can, for example, contain hydrates that release water vapor when heated. Furthermore, the ablation material can release substances that have a flame-retardant effect. After the chemical and / or physical processes are complete, a non-combustible mass often remains, which also provides thermal insulation.

[0011] The "reaction temperature of a flame retardant" or the "reaction temperature of a flame retardant layer" is understood here to be the temperature at which the flame-retardant effect of the flame retardant begins, for example, a substance intumesces or releases water. In the case of several different flame retardants, this term preferably refers to the substance or substance composition with the highest proportion and / or the lowest reaction temperature.

[0012] A "regular prism" is a geometric solid created by translating a regular plane polygon parallel to a straight line in space that is perpendicular to the polygon's base. When we talk about an x-sided regular prism, we mean a regular prism with an x-sided base, i.e., one with x number of vertices, where x is an integer. The term "hexagonal prism," for example, refers to a regular prism with a regular hexagon as its base. This term includes cuboids and cubes, for example. The term "cuboid" includes cubes.

[0013] The fire protection device according to the invention comprises a one-, two-, or multi-part elastic polymer foam body ("fire protection block"), which is flame-resistant with a flame retardant and can be attached to the wall or ceiling in front of a wall or ceiling penetration opening using brackets that are not connected to a frame. The polymer foam body can, for example, comprise an intumescent layer, so that the polymer foam body expands in the event of a fire and seals the penetration.

[0014] The elastic polymer foam body can have any suitable shape. However, the elastic polymer foam body preferably has the shape of a regular prism, for example, a four-, five-, six-, seven-, or eight-sided prism. The polymer foam body is particularly preferably a cuboid-shaped body. The elastic polymer foam body is dimensioned such that it completely covers a through-hole and, if necessary, protrudes beyond the edges of the opening. The protrusion can be, for example, 2-20 mm, preferably 5-20 mm.

[0015] The number of retaining brackets depends on the shape of the polymer foam body and the application situation. In the case of a cuboid-shaped polymer foam body, it is preferable to arrange retaining brackets on at least two side surfaces of the cuboid. Retaining brackets are preferably arranged on at least three, particularly preferably on all four, side surfaces. The retaining brackets are arranged spaced apart from one another. The fire protection device according to the invention uses separate retaining brackets, and no frame is formed, as is the case with prior art fire protection collars. This makes the fire protection device according to the invention more flexible in use and easier to install.

[0016] The brackets can be made of any suitable non-combustible material. Metal brackets, such as steel, are preferred.

[0017] The flame retardant of the polymer foam body can be an ablative agent or an intumescent agent, or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the flame retardant is an intumescent agent.

[0018] The polymer foam body can be one-, two-, or multi-part. Preferably, the polymer foam body is one- or two-part.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the fire protection device according to the invention, the depth x of the elastic polymer foam body is greater than the length y of the side leg with which the holding bracket rests against the side surface of the elastic polymer foam body. The depth x of the polymer foam body is preferably 1-8 mm, preferably 2-6 mm, greater than the length y of the side leg of the holding bracket. In this embodiment, when the fire protection device is attached to a wall or ceiling, the elastic polymer foam body is pre-stressed because the elastic polymer foam body is compressed by the difference between the depth x and the length y in the longitudinal direction of the holding bracket or towards the wall or ceiling when it is attached. The tension resulting from the restoring forces of the elastic polymer foam body ensures improved pressing of the elastic polymer foam body against the wall or ceiling.

[0020] In a second aspect, the invention relates to a fire protection arrangement comprising a fire protection device according to the invention as described above, and a wall or ceiling with an opening for the passage of cable or line elements. The fire protection arrangement according to the invention thus comprises a. an elastic polymer foam body comprising a flame retardant, b. at least two brackets made of a non-combustible material for fastening the elastic polymer foam body, and c. a wall or ceiling with a hole for the passage of cables or wiring elements, wherein the elastic polymer foam body is arranged on the wall or ceiling by means of the at least two retaining angles in front of an opening of the breakthrough and completely covering the opening.

[0021] The preferred features and properties described above for the fire protection device according to the invention also apply correspondingly to the fire protection arrangement according to the invention, so that unnecessary repetition is omitted here.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the fire protection arrangement according to the invention, the polymer foam body is cuboid-shaped, and a retaining bracket is arranged on each of two side surfaces of the polymer foam body, preferably on two opposite side surfaces of the polymer foam body. In further preferred embodiments, for example those in which the fire protection device according to the invention is arranged adjacent to rising walls and / or ceilings, for example in the region of room corners, it may be preferable to arrange two retaining brackets on two adjacent sides. In such embodiments, for example, two adjacent side surfaces of a cuboid-shaped polymer foam body can be arranged adjacent to a wall and a ceiling.

[0023] In a further preferred embodiment of the fire protection arrangement according to the invention, the polymer foam body is cuboid-shaped, and a holding angle is arranged on three side surfaces of the polymer foam body, preferably on all four side surfaces of the polymer foam body.

[0024] In a further preferred embodiment of the fire protection arrangement according to the invention, the polymer foam body is dimensioned such that it projects beyond the edges of the opening of the breakthrough.

[0025] In a further preferred embodiment, the fire protection arrangement according to the invention comprises at least one cable or line element passed through the polymer foam body.

[0026] The fire protection device according to the invention can be used for fire protection of a penetration through a wall or ceiling for the passage of cable or conduit elements. The fire protection device can be used for fire protection of a penetration through a solid wall or ceiling or for fire protection of a penetration through a lightweight wall or ceiling.

[0027] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures and preferred embodiments. Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a fire protection device according to the invention. Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of a fire protection device according to the invention. Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a fire protection arrangement according to the invention. Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of a fire protection arrangement according to the invention. Fig. 5 shows an example of a bracket and a part of an elastic polymer foam body.

[0028] Fig. 1 shows a schematic and simplified three-dimensional view of a fire protection device 1 according to the invention. Shown here is an elastic polymer foam body 2 composed of two parts, i.e. individual fire protection blocks 2a, 2b. In this embodiment, the polymer foam body 2 is a cuboid-shaped PU foam molded body made flame-retardant with an insulative layer former. The polymer foam body 2 is arranged in front of an opening 103, indicated here only by dashed lines, of a breakthrough 102 through a wall or ceiling 101. The polymer foam body 2 is dimensioned such that it projects beyond the edges of the opening 103. In the projecting part, it rests with its rear surface 20 against the wall or ceiling 101 and the remaining part of it covers the opening 103. In this embodiment, the polymer foam body 2 is arranged on the wall or ceiling 101 with two generally Z- or zigzag-shaped holding brackets 3.The retaining brackets 3 are attached to two opposite side surfaces 22 of the polymer foam body 2. By means of triangular, partial punched-out portions 34, which are bent toward the polymer foam body 2, the polymer foam body 2 is additionally secured against any vertical slipping parallel to the wall or ceiling 101. The retaining brackets have three perpendicular legs 30, 31, 32. The rear leg 30 is directed with its rear surface toward the wall or ceiling 101 and has a slot 33. Fasteners 106 (not shown here), e.g., screws, can be guided through the slot and into the wall or ceiling 101. A side leg 32 rests against one of the side surfaces 22 of the polymer foam body 2. A front leg 31 encompasses the front surface 21 of the polymer foam body 2.The front legs 31 have the aforementioned partial punched-out portions, which are bent toward the polymer foam body 2, forming spikes that engage with the polymer foam body 2. Shown here purely by way of example and without further details is a cable or line element 104, for example a pipe, that is guided through the opening 103 and the polymer foam body 2.

[0029] Fig. Figure 2 shows a further embodiment of a fire protection device 1 according to the invention. Shown is a plan view of the front side of the fire protection device 1, ie of the front surface 21 of the polymer foam body 2. Unlike in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, three retaining brackets 3 are provided, each arranged on a side surface 22 of the polymer foam body 2. A first retaining bracket 3a is arranged on an upper side surface 22a, a second retaining bracket 3b and a third retaining bracket 3c are arranged on opposite lateral side surfaces 22b, 22c of the polymer foam body 2. The retaining brackets 3 are fastened to the wall or ceiling 101 by means of fastening means 106, which are engaged with the elongated hole 33 provided in the rear leg 30 of each of the retaining brackets 3. The polymer foam body 2 is composed of two parts 2a, 2b here, but can also be formed in one piece or from more than two parts. The elastic polymer foam body 2 is deeper in the uninstalled state than in the installed state, so that it is subject to a restoring stress in the installed state.The lower section schematically shows cable or line elements 104, which have different diameters, emerging from the opening 103 of a through-hole 102 and passing through the polymer foam body 2. For this purpose, an area has been cut out of the polymer foam body 2. Preferably, the cut is made as close as possible to the contours of the cable or line elements 104. The remaining gaps between the cable or line elements 104 and the polymer foam body 2, which are exaggerated in this illustration for the sake of clarity, are filled with a suitable sealing compound 105, which is flame-retardant with a flame retardant, e.g., an intumescent material.

[0030] Fig. Figure 3 shows an embodiment of a fire protection arrangement 100 according to the invention. It shows a section through a rising wall 101a separating two rooms 107, 108 and a ceiling 101b. Openings 103 of a penetration 102 (not shown here) leading into the rooms 107, 108 are each fire-protected by a fire protection device 1. The same reference numerals designate the same elements of the fire protection device 1 as in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, so reference is made to the description therein for further details. Each of the fire protection devices 1 comprises an elastic polymer foam body 2, which is arranged in front of the respective opening 103 of the respective opening 102 by means of retaining brackets 3, so that the respective opening 103 is completely covered. Each fire protection device 1 is held here by two retaining brackets 3b, 3d, which are arranged on adjacent side surfaces 22 of the polymer foam body 2, which are at right angles to one another. The first retaining brackets 3b are each arranged laterally on the side surfaces 22 of the polymer foam body 2 that run parallel to the wall 101a, and the second retaining brackets 3d are arranged at right angles thereto on the lower side surfaces 22 of the polymer foam body 2. The remaining two side surfaces 22 of the polymer foam bodies 2 abut the wall 101a and the ceiling 101b and remain without retaining brackets 3.Only for the fire protection device 1 in the room 108 shown here on the right are cable or line elements 104 schematically shown, which are routed through the opening 102. For this purpose, corresponding areas are cut out of the polymer foam body 2, and remaining gaps between the cable or line elements 104 and the polymer foam body 2 and / or wall 101a or ceiling 101b are sealed in a fire-protection-compliant manner using sealing compound 105.

[0031] Fig. Figure 4 shows a further embodiment of a fire protection arrangement 100 according to the invention. It shows a section through a wall 101, here a lightweight wall, with an opening 102 for the passage of cable or line elements 104, with fire protection devices 1 according to the invention arranged on both sides in front of the openings 103. The filling of remaining gaps between cable or line elements 104 and polymer foam body 2 is carried out using sealing compound 105. The same reference numerals denote the same elements as in the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, so for further details, please refer to the description therein. If the fire protection device 1 is arranged on both sides, as shown here, the opening cross-section of the penetration 102 within the wall or ceiling 101 does not need to be filled. Existing filling materials do not need to be removed and can remain. If the fire protection device 1 is arranged on one side, it is generally necessary to fill the opening cross-section of the penetration 102, for example with mineral fiber material or molded parts made of intumescent material.

[0032] Fig.Figure 5 shows a retaining bracket 3 and part of a polymer foam body 2. As already described, the generally Z-shaped retaining bracket 3 has a rear leg 30 with an elongated hole 33, a side leg 32 standing perpendicular thereto, and a front leg 31 standing perpendicular to the side leg 32 and pointing away from the rear leg 30. In the front leg 31, inwardly facing mandrels are formed by means of inwardly bent partial cutouts 34, which can be brought into engagement with the polymer foam body 2. The depth x of the free, not yet installed elastic polymer foam body 2 is greater than the length y of the side leg 32 with which the retaining bracket 3 rests against the side surface 22 of the elastic polymer foam body after installation. For example, the depth x of the polymer foam body can be 1-8 mm, preferably 2-6 mm, greater than the length y of the side leg 32 of the retaining bracket 3.In the installed state, when the fire protection device 1 is fastened to a wall or ceiling 101, the elastic polymer foam body 2 is prestressed because the elastic polymer foam body 2 is compressed by the difference between the depth x and the length y in the longitudinal direction of the bracket 3 or in the direction of the wall or ceiling 101 when it is fastened. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 3289267 B1

[0002] EP 3289265 B1

[0002] EP 3289266 B1

[0002] EP 2906304 B1

[0002] EP 2607761 B1

[0002] EP 3567289 B1

[0002] EP 1184522 B1

[0002]

Claims

[1] Fire protection device (1) for sealing off a breakthrough (102) in a wall or ceiling (101) for the passage of cable or line elements (104), comprising a. an elastic polymer foam body (2) comprising a flame retardant, and b. at least two retaining brackets (3) made of a non-combustible material arranged on the elastic polymer foam body (2) for fastening the elastic polymer foam body (2) to the wall or ceiling (101) in front of the opening (102). [2] Fire protection device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the polymer foam body (2) has the shape of a regular prism, preferably the shape of a cuboid. [3] Fire protection device (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the flame retardant is an ablation agent or an intumescent agent, preferably an intumescent agent. [4] Fire protection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer foam body (2) is in one, two or more parts. [5] Fire protection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least two holding angles (3) are made of metal, preferably of steel. [6] Fire protection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the depth x of the elastic polymer foam body (2) is 1-8 mm, preferably 2-6 mm, greater than the length y of the side leg (32) with which the holding angle (3) rests on the side surface (22) of the elastic polymer foam body. [7] Fire protection arrangement (100) comprising a fire protection device according to one of the preceding claims and a wall or ceiling (101) with an opening (102) for the passage of cable or line elements (104), wherein the elastic polymer foam body (2) is arranged on the wall or ceiling (101) by means of the at least two holding angles (3) in front of the opening (102) and completely covering an opening (103) of the opening (102). [8] Fire protection arrangement (100) according to claim 7, wherein the polymer foam body (2) is cuboid-shaped and a holding angle (3) is arranged on each of two side surfaces (22) of the polymer foam body (2), preferably on two opposite side surfaces (22) of the polymer foam body (2). [9] Fire protection arrangement (100) according to claim 8, wherein the polymer foam body (2) is cuboid-shaped, and a holding angle (3) is arranged on each of three side surfaces (22) of the polymer foam body (2), preferably on all four side surfaces (22) of the polymer foam body (2). [10] Fire protection arrangement (100) according to one of claims 8 or 9, further comprising at least one cable or line element (104) passed through the polymer foam body (2). [11] Fire protection arrangement (100) according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the polymer foam body (2) is dimensioned such that it projects beyond the edges of the opening (103).

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