Decentralized ventilation system

Abstract

Decentralized ventilation system (10) for a building with a building wall (1) having at least one window (3) or door, wherein the ventilation system (10) comprises at least one air duct (11) and a fan (15), in particular an axial fan, which can preferably be inserted into the air duct (11) by means of an interchangeable cassette (19), wherein the air duct (11) has at least one supply / exhaust air section (12) with a connection area to an external environment of the building, a section accommodating the fan (15), and a section (14) with a connection area to an interior of the building, wherein the fan (15) can be arranged in the building wall (1) such that the direction of airflow (24) through the fan (15) is essentially parallel to a plane of the building wall (1), characterized in that a connection (21) of the air duct (11) to the interior of the building can be arranged in a stave extension (9) of the window (3) or the door and the air duct (11) and the fan (15) are installed in a mounting body (26) which preferably consists of a highly thermally insulating material.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The invention relates to a decentralized ventilation system for a building with a building wall having at least one window or door. Furthermore, the invention relates to a facade element for use in the renovation of an existing building or in new construction within the exterior wall with a decentralized ventilation system, and to a construction arrangement with an external roller shutter assembly and a decentralized ventilation system. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] To increase the energy efficiency of buildings, new buildings and renovated old buildings are equipped with strong thermal insulation. This necessitates the use of ventilation systems that ensure air exchange between the outside environment and the interior of the building.

[0003] Central ventilation systems are available in a wide variety of technical variants. They can be designed flexibly to reduce external noise emissions through ducting and also allow the use of silencers near the fan(s). Bypasses can be installed to bypass heat recovery and allow for traditional ventilation in the sense of an outside air passage. A bypass, for example, offers options for temperature regulation in summer, so that at night, when temperatures are low, the cold outside air can be used to cool the building with a high air exchange rate. A disadvantage of central ventilation systems is that the system technology is complex, and centralized piping is space- and cost-intensive.

[0004] Decentralized ventilation systems offer an alternative to centralized ventilation systems. At first glance, decentralized ventilation systems have disadvantages compared to centralized systems, particularly with regard to their technical expansion options. Decentralized ventilation systems are complex both in new construction and in the renovation of existing buildings, as each ventilation unit requires its own external wall duct. For this reason, and also due to the limited installation depth in the wall, bypass functions are generally only possible to a limited extent with decentralized ventilation systems. However, compared to centralized ventilation systems, decentralized ventilation systems are less complex in terms of system technology, relatively inexpensive, and space-saving.

[0005] The traditional installation of a decentralized ventilation system usually requires a pipe penetration in the form of a core hole through the building wall or prefabricated installation elements. These installation elements are primarily used in new buildings and include the pipe penetration. The pipe penetration runs perpendicular to the wall plane.

[0006] A fan with an electric motor is installed in the pipe duct to regulate the ventilation, which regulates or adjusts the ventilation.

[0007] The system includes a heat recovery module that can absorb the heat from the exhaust air. With so-called pendulum fans, the fan motor generally changes its rotation and thus the ventilation direction at a fixed rate. A certain amount of heat from the exhaust air is stored in the heat recovery module and released back into the supply air.

[0008] The fan in the described system typically has a diameter of 10 cm to 20 cm. Too small diameters result in high flow velocities, which would result in an unacceptable fan noise level. The noise generated by the fan itself is difficult to reduce, as the fan is generally located directly in front of the interior wall. Fan diameters that are too large are unacceptable, as a wall penetration in the form of a core hole always represents a weak point for sound emissions from outside into the façade and a cold / heat bridge for the building.

[0009] Despite its compactness, the installation situation of a decentralized ventilation system according to the state of the art has disadvantages, since there is no space for additional technical installations as well as concepts for reducing noise emissions due to the fixed length defined by the wall depth.

[0010] US 6 532 952 B1 discloses a solar module with an integrated ventilation system, wherein the fan is installed with its flow direction in the plane of the solar module

[0011] US 11 466 872 B2 shows a modular air conditioning unit for installation in a space between the exterior cladding of a building and two vertical wall studs. The fan is designed as a centrifugal blower, with air being drawn in through a grille perpendicular to the centrifugal blower's rotation axis and expelled through an outlet.

[0012] US 3,308,634 A discloses a modular air conditioning unit for installation in a housing wall. The subsequent integration of the system during the renovation of an old building requires a wall penetration. A radial fan is used to generate an airflow parallel to the building wall.

[0013] EP 1 577 618 B1 discloses a ventilation unit integrated into a core bore of a building wall, which is partly mounted in the facade insulation next to or above a window opening, in particular in an integrated roller shutter box.

[0014] EP 1 837 610 A2 discloses a room ventilation device integrated into a thermal building envelope. The system, with a fan flowing in the plane of the building wall, is installed inside the building behind a service door. The room ventilation device is integrated into a housing tray with thermal insulation.

[0015] EP 3 372 908 A1 discloses a multifunctional thermal insulation unit for door or window openings for use in the construction or renovation of buildings. A box-shaped container is provided next to a door or window, which houses two fans to form a heat exchange unit together with a heat recovery unit. To integrate the system into a building unit, a wider window or door opening is required.

[0016] EP 3 974 741 A1 discloses a box-like housing in the outer insulation cladding of a building, specifically in the reveal of a window. A cassette is inserted into the housing, allowing the system to be serviced from the outside. The cassette contains two fans, each positioned upstream and downstream of a heat exchanger. The system requires core drilling.

[0017] EP 4 008 977 A1 shows a ventilation unit for a triple-walled clinker brick building. Two fans create an airflow in the plane of the building wall. To facilitate maintenance and repairs, the document describes a filter change that can be performed via an opening using a removable module. The housing is concealed between the outer and inner shells of the wall, with one side opening toward the reveal of a wall opening. The system requires an extended recess in the interior wall because part of the thermal insulation is offset into the area of ​​the interior wall.

[0018] WO 2013 / 171676 A2 discloses a ventilation unit for docking onto a window or door frame, with fans each having a flow direction parallel to the building wall. The system is revisable and uses the reveal of a window as the installation location. The building wall is penetrated in the process. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0019] It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-described disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a decentralized ventilation system which enables a cost-effective reduction of the noise emissions from outside and from the fan itself.

[0020] It is a further object of the invention to provide a facade element with an integrated ventilation system, which can be provided at the factory with a high degree of prefabrication and has improved properties with regard to sound emission from outside and from the fan itself.

[0021] It is yet another object of the invention to provide a construction arrangement which integrates a decentralized ventilation system, preferably with an external roller shutter assembly, for a window or a door. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0022] The task is solved by a decentralized ventilation system, a facade element and a building arrangement with the features of the independent claims.

[0023] A decentralized ventilation system according to the invention for a building with a building wall having at least one window or door comprises at least one air duct and a fan insertable in the air duct. The air duct comprises at least one supply air / exhaust air section with a connection area to an exterior environment of the building. Adjacent to the supply air / exhaust air section is a section accommodating the fan. Adjacent to the fan-accommodating section is a section with a connection area to an interior of the building.

[0024] According to the invention, the fan can be arranged in the building wall such that a flow direction of the air flow through the fan runs essentially parallel to a plane of the building wall. For example, the fan can be arranged essentially horizontally or essentially vertically in the building wall, so that a flow direction of the air flow through the fan runs essentially parallel to a plane of the building wall.

[0025] In the sense of the present invention, it is considered essential that the flow direction of the air flow through the fan does not run perpendicular to the building wall, but rather encloses a not insignificant angle to the normal of the building wall, preferably greater than 45°, more preferably greater than 60°, even more preferably greater than 70°, even more preferably greater than 80° and particularly preferably approximately 90°.

[0026] While in decentralized ventilation systems according to the state of the art, the direction of the airflow through the fan is essentially perpendicular to the plane of the building wall, since the fan is installed in a wall opening—in the case of renovation, for example, a core hole in the building wall—essentially perpendicular to the plane of the building wall, the arrangement according to the invention allows for a variety of technically feasible designs for duct and airflow routing within the wall plane. The space required by the ventilation system is not limited by the wall thickness.

[0027] The measures of the invention provide an energy-efficient, quiet, and visually appealing solution. The simple design of the system eliminates the need for structural changes to the core wall, wall penetrations, or similar installations. The ventilation system is suitable for a wide variety of building types, including office buildings, residential buildings, and commercial facilities.

[0028] The decentralized ventilation system can be designed as a system with reversing ventilation units (so-called “push and pull”), or as a system with a cross-flow heat exchanger, i.e. with separate supply and exhaust air flows.

[0029] "Substantially horizontal" or "substantially vertical" is understood here and below to mean a not entirely horizontal or vertical installation of the fan in the building wall. In the broadest sense, the fan can therefore form an angle of up to 45°, preferably up to 30°, more preferably up to 20°, and even more preferably up to 10°, ideally 0°, with the plane of the building wall.

[0030] For the purposes of this disclosure, the terms "horizontal" and "vertical" refer to conventional building construction. Generally, the vertical direction is understood to be perpendicular, i.e., in the direction of the building's height.

[0031] The fan is preferably designed as an axial fan. Instead of the term "fan," the term "ventilator" can also be used in the context of this disclosure. With an axial fan, the rotational axis of the impeller runs parallel to the airflow. However, if the installation situation allows, other types of fans or ventilators, such as diagonal fans, radial / centrifugal fans, or even tangential or cross-flow fans, can also be used. The fan preferably has a diameter of 10 cm to 20 cm.

[0032] The system may include one or more of the fans described.

[0033] The building wall does not have to be completely flat, i.e. level, but can also include curves.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the building wall includes exterior insulation, and the fan can be positioned flush with the exterior insulation using the removable cassette. This advantageously eliminates the need for a separate exterior wall penetration in the form of a core hole, and drastically reduces the costs of installing the decentralized ventilation system.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the connection of the air duct to the building's exterior environment is arranged in a reveal reinforcement of the window or door. The connection of the air duct can be closed off, for example, by means of a covering, for example made of plastic or sheet metal, e.g., in the form of a louvre attachment.

[0036] In the case of new buildings, for example, in traditional brick construction, the decentralized ventilation system can be integrated into the brickwork, connecting the air duct to the outside environment. This is also possible in multi-layer structures, such as sand-lime brick / concrete with full thermal insulation.

[0037] When retrofitting an old building, the installation of the connection in the reveal reinforcement of the window or door allows the system to be installed both simultaneously with and independently of the full thermal insulation, which can therefore be completed months or years later. Once the full thermal insulation is installed, the ventilation system is fully integrated.

[0038] According to the invention, the connection of the air duct to the interior of the building is arranged in a double-frame of the window or door. This allows the decentralized ventilation system to be advantageously mounted directly on the core wall next to the window or door, thus solving the problem that replacing a window or door requires mechanical ventilation. The door or window frame refers to the area around the door or window.

[0039] A wall breakthrough, e.g. a core drilling in the building wall, can also be made to provide, for example, an extended ventilation duct.

[0040] The section connecting to the interior of the building is preferably designed, at least in part, as a flat duct. This advantageously allows for a further reduction in the system's volume.

[0041] In an advantageous embodiment, the fan can be inserted into the air duct using a removable cassette. It is preferably provided that the removable cassette has an inspection flap or door located in the reveal reinforcement and accessible from the outside of the building. The removable cassette enables maintenance or replacement of essential components such as the fan motor, filters, and any flaps without compromising living comfort. The removable cassette is a device in the exterior facade in which the fan and other ventilation components are integrated. Therefore, the removable cassette preferably houses both the fan and other components that require maintenance or replacement from time to time. The removable cassette preferably includes a heat recovery module, if provided for in the system.Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the exchangeable cassette also comprises a bypass with an additional fan, if this is provided in the system.

[0042] The ventilation system comprises an installation unit in which all air ducts, fans, and heat recovery modules are installed or encapsulated, and, if provided for in the system, particularly preferably also the removable cassette and the flat duct section. In other words, the installation unit forms a housing for the components of the ventilation system. The installation unit is preferably made of a highly heat-insulating or vacuum-insulating material that completely fills the volume around the components installed within it. This reduces thermal and cold bridges.

[0043] In the context of the present disclosure, a building material is referred to as thermally insulating if it has a thermal conductivity λ of < 0.5 W / (m·K), preferably < 0.2 W / (m·K). In the context of the present disclosure, a building material is understood to be highly thermally insulating if it has a thermal conductivity λ of < 0.1 W / (m·K), preferably < 0.05 W / (m·K) and even more preferably < 0.04 W / (m·K). In the context of the present disclosure, a building material is understood to be vacuum-insulating if it has a thermal conductivity λ of < 0.004 W / (m·K). Suitable materials include, in particular, rigid foams, e.g. made of PUR, EPS, grey EPS, XPS, PE, Resol, or the like, or fibre materials, e.g. made of mineral wool, natural wool, cellulose, and the like. A vacuum insulation panel (VIP), for example, is suitable for vacuum insulation. The thermal conductivity λ is determined according to DIN 4108-4:2013-02.

[0044] In one embodiment, the ventilation system comprises a heat recovery module. The heat recovery module can be made of ceramic, aluminum, or similar, for example, although a wide variety of variants are known to those skilled in the art. The heat recovery module can be a module for recuperative heat recovery, which is preferred, but also a module for regenerative heat recovery, a recuperator in push-and-pull systems, or a module with connections to other technical systems, such as heat pumps. A tube or plate heat exchanger is preferred. The heat recovery module uses the waste heat from the used air (exhaust air) and uses it to heat the fresh air (supply air) during the heating period in winter. In the summer months, it is possible to use the heat recovery module to pre-heat the cooler supply air at night.

[0045] The fan can be operated as a pendulum fan by means of a suitable control system, which changes the direction of rotation at a fixed or not necessarily fixed rate and thus releases the heat quantity of the exhaust air, which is stored in the heat recovery module, back to the supply air.

[0046] Alternatively, the system can also be designed as a two-pipe system with a cross-flow heat exchanger, which enables heat recovery without a heat recovery module. The system comprises at least two fans that separately convey the supply and exhaust air, as well as an optional heat recovery module.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment, the system does not have a heat recovery module and forms an outside air vent. A first ventilation system with a heat recovery module can be provided at a window or door, while another ventilation system without a heat recovery module can be provided as an outside air vent. For example, the first ventilation system is provided on one side of the window or door, and the other ventilation system is provided on another side.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the air duct also has a bypass, in which a further fan is preferably arranged to provide an outside air passage. The bypass is preferably controllable with a flap or similar device. Heat recovery can be bypassed by means of the bypass, enabling conventional ventilation in which used and heated air is directly directed outside and replaced with cold air. This offers the possibility of temperature regulation, particularly for air conditioning, when at night in summer, when temperatures are low, the cold outside air is used to cool the building with a high air exchange rate.

[0049] According to a further aspect of the invention, a facade element for use in the renovation of an old building with at least one insulation layer having a window or door recess is proposed, wherein the facade element comprises one of the above-described decentralized ventilation systems arranged in the insulation layer. Advantageously, the facade element, including the ventilation system, can be fully pre-assembled at the factory. The facade element can, for example, be a facing for a rear-ventilated curtain wall or form at least part of a thermal insulation composite system.

[0050] The prefabricated facade element offers particular advantages with regard to so-called serial renovation, as a closed system including finished wall sections and windows as well as an integrated ventilation system and, if necessary, external roller shutters can be installed modularly. With on-site assembly of the serially prefabricated facade elements, the facade is completely finished. During the construction process, after the facade element has been attached, the old windows can be removed from the inside, thus closing the airtight layer. The installation and commissioning of the ventilation system can be completed without any time expenditure. This makes it possible to renovate apartments without the residents being unable to use their apartments for an extended period. Unlike previous systems, no further work such as core drilling or the like is necessary on the core wall.

[0051] According to a further aspect of the invention, a building arrangement is proposed with one of the described decentralized ventilation systems and a building wall having at least one window or one door, wherein the fan is arranged in the building wall so that the flow direction of the air flow through the fan runs substantially parallel to the plane of the building wall, and wherein the connection of the air duct to the interior of the building is arranged in the double-story section of the window or door.

[0052] In an advantageous embodiment, the assembly comprises an external roller shutter assembly for the window or door, which comprises an external roller shutter, a receptacle for the external roller shutter in the rolled-up, folded, or collapsed state, and a rail system for guiding the external roller shutter. The section of the air duct with the connection area to the interior of the building can advantageously be arranged at least partially in the receptacle for the external roller shutter in the rolled-up, folded, or collapsed state.

[0053] Since traditional roller shutter boxes with adjoining windows are being installed less and less, as they represent a weak point in the form of a cold or thermal bridge in the homogeneous wall surface, the external roller shutter system can be advantageously combined with the proposed ventilation system, as the ventilation system can be mounted directly on the thermally separated frame doubling. The frame doubling creates a free space, as the add-on roller shutters do not necessarily sit directly on the frame. Especially with roller shutters that are wound onto a mandrel, which is included as an advantageous embodiment of the invention, there is also free installation space, particularly for the duct sections of the ventilation system, in the recess for accommodating the external roller shutter, which generally forms a cubic volume.

[0054] It is preferably provided that the rail system for guiding the external roller shutter has at least one displaceable or removable section which can be displaced or quickly removed into at least one position in which the interchangeable cassette is accessible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. The drawings represent the subject matter of the invention only schematically.

[0056] They show: Fig. 1A a classic installation of a decentralized ventilation system according to the state of the art in a building wall in front view, Fig. 1B a side sectional view of Fig. 1A, Fig. 2A is a front view of a building wall with a decentralized ventilation system according to an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2B a side sectional view of Fig. 2A and Fig. 3 a front view of a building wall with a decentralized ventilation system according to another embodiment of the invention. EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0057] In the following, identical and functionally identical components are provided with the same reference symbols. A repeated description of identical components will not be used.

[0058] In the figures, A always refers to the exterior of the building, and B to the interior of the building. With reference to the building wall 1, 100, we will refer to an exterior side A and an interior side B.

[0059] Fig. 1 shows a building wall 100 in front view with a classic installation of a decentralized ventilation system according to the state of the art.

[0060] The building wall 100 comprises a window 102, which is inserted into a window frame 104. The window frame 104 is attached to a reveal 106 of the window. In the decentralized ventilation system according to the prior art, a core hole 108 is provided perpendicular to the wall plane of the building wall 100.

[0061] Fig. 1B shows a side sectional view through the area of ​​the core bore 108 of the building wall 100. A fan 110 is provided in the core bore 108 on an inner side B of the building wall 100. A heat recovery module 112 is provided on an outer side A of the building wall 100. The fan 110 is typically operated in a reciprocating mode, with the rotation direction of the fan motor alternating at a fixed rate, thus changing the ventilation direction. The heat from the exhaust air, which is stored in the heat recovery module 112, is released back into the supply air.

[0062] The state-of-the-art ventilation system is installed perpendicular to the wall plane in the building wall 100, i.e. the fan 110 is arranged horizontally in the building wall 100 and the direction of air flow through the fan 110 is parallel to the normal to the wall plane. The installation depth of the ventilation system is therefore determined by the wall thickness. The wall thickness is usually approximately 30 cm to 50 cm. The fan 110 generally has a diameter of 10 cm to 20 cm. The disadvantage of this situation is that direct passage of sound emissions from the outside is possible, but the sound generated by the fan 110 itself is also disadvantageous since the fan 110 is located directly in the wall plane. Due to the limited wall thickness, few concepts for reducing sound emissions into the interior of the building are possible.

[0063] Fig. 2A shows a decentralized ventilation system 10 according to the invention for a building with, here as an example, a window 3 in a building wall 1. The window 3 is located in a window frame 4 and the window frame 4 in a reveal 5. The situation can be transferred analogously to an area with a door.

[0064] The decentralized ventilation system 10 has an air duct 11 and a fan 15 which can be inserted into the air duct 11 by means of a replaceable cassette 19 and which, in the embodiment shown, is designed as an axial fan by way of example but preferably.

[0065] In the illustrated embodiment, the fan 15 is arranged vertically in the building wall 1, with an air flow 24 through the fan 15 running within the building wall 1 and a flow direction of the air flow 24 through the fan 15 running substantially parallel to a plane of the building wall 1. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the fan 15 can also be arranged horizontally in the building wall. Here, too, the flow direction of the air flow 24 through the fan 15 is substantially parallel to the plane of the building wall 1.

[0066] The ventilation system 10 is encapsulated in an installation body 26. The installation body 26 itself is made of a highly heat-insulating material and forms a housing for the components of the ventilation system 10.

[0067] The ventilation system 10 is implemented here by way of example, but preferably as part of an external insulation 2 and, according to one embodiment, can be provided as a modular facade element prefabricated with the external insulation 2 at the factory. For this purpose, the installation body 26 is inserted into an insulating layer of the external insulation 2 at the factory. The prefabricated facade element has a window recess 6 at the factory, which is individually adapted to the dimensions of the window 3. Optionally, the facade element can be prefabricated with cladding at the factory. During the renovation of an old building, the facade element with the window recess 6 is placed in front of the core wall 8 with the window 3.

[0068] Alternatively, when renovating an old building, it is possible to first attach the ventilation system 10 to the building wall 1 with the installation body 26, thereby doubling the building wall 1 in the area of ​​part of the reveal 5. Subsequently, even weeks or months later, the external insulation 2 can be installed around the installation body 26.

[0069] Even further alternatively, Fig. 2A also represents a construction stage during the construction of a new building, whereby the building wall 1 is constructed together with the external insulation 2 and the installation body 26.

[0070] In the area of ​​the reveal 5, a reveal doubling 7 is created in each of the three variants described, so that the window 3 is set back relatively far compared to the outer cladding.

[0071] Above window 3, a doubling 9 is provided, which can serve, for example, as a mount for an external roller shutter (not shown). Part of the ductwork, which is described with reference to the other figures, can be provided in the installation space for the external roller shutter, in particular the connection of the air duct 11 to the interior of the building.

[0072] The air duct 11 provided in the ventilation system 10 comprises a supply air / exhaust air section 12 with a connection 20 to the outside A. As in Fig. 2B, the connection 20 is designed, for example, as a round channel and is located in the reveal doubling 7 of the window 3. The external connection 20 is concealed by means of a suitable cover or cladding, e.g. in the form of a slatted attachment.

[0073] The ventilation system 10 further comprises a fan-accommodating section in which the fan 15 and, in the illustrated embodiment, a heat recovery module 16 are located.

[0074] The section accommodating the fan 15 and, not limiting the invention, but preferably also the supply / exhaust air section 12, are installed in a removable cassette 19. The removable cassette 19 is arranged on a sliding system so that it can be pulled out laterally in the direction of the window recess 6 and is provided with an inspection flap or door. As shown in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2B, the exchange cassette 19 is thus accessible from the outside A of the building.

[0075] The air duct 11 comprises a further section 14 with a connection area to the inside B. As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2B, section 14 extends through the frame doubling 9 of window 3. Thus, no core drilling through the core wall 8 is necessary, saving considerable labor. The connection 21 to the interior can be covered as usual with a cover or cladding, for example, in the form of a louvre attachment.

[0076] In section 14, the piping can be carried out essentially by means of flat channels 23, which can save considerable installation space.

[0077] In the event that an external roller shutter is provided, the guide rail of the external roller shutter is preferably designed to be movable or removable so that the door or flap is accessible for access to the interchangeable cassette 19.

[0078] It can be seen that no ventilation piping is required in the core wall 8. The air is guided from the outside via the reveal reinforcement 7, through the removable cassette 19, and through the floor reinforcement 9 to the interior, and vice versa. The fan 15 can be operated in oscillating mode.

[0079] Because the duct does not run directly through the building wall 1, in comparison to the classic duct layout ( Fig. 1A, Fig. 1B) significantly reduces external noise emissions. Maintenance of essential components such as the motor, heat recovery module 16, filters, and any flaps is easily possible via the removable cassette 19.

[0080] Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of a ventilation system 10 according to the present invention.

[0081] The essential structure of the ventilation system 10 is as shown in Fig. 2A and Fig.2B. However, the system here includes a bypass 17, in which another fan 18 is located. The bypass airflow 25 bypasses the fan 15 and the heat recovery module 16. An outside air passage is thus realized via the bypass 17, allowing ventilation without heat recovery. The bypass 17 is controllable by means of a bypass control flap 22.

[0082] The further fan 18 in the bypass 17 is arranged in the exchangeable cassette 19, not restricting the invention but preferably.

[0083] The system is conceivable for use in new construction and in the renovation of existing buildings. Both described designs can also be provided as prefabricated facade elements. REFERENCE SYMBOL

[0084] 1 building wall; 2 external insulation; 3 window; 4 window frame; 5 reveal; 6 window recess; 7 reveal doubling; 8 core wall; 9 floor doubling; 10 ventilation system; 11 air duct; 12 supply / exhaust air section; 14 section with connection area to interior; 15 fan; 16 heat recovery module; 17 bypass; 18 additional fan; 19 exchangeable cassette; 20 external connection; 21 internal connection; 22 bypass control flap; 23 flat duct; 24 air flow; 25 bypass air flow; 100 building wall; 102 window; 104 window frame; 106 reveal; 108 core drilling; 110 fan; 112 heat recovery module; A external side; B internal side. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] US 6 532 952 B1

[0010] US 11 466 872 B2

[0011] US 3 308 634 A

[0012] EP 1 577 618 B1

[0013] EP 1 837 610 A2

[0014] EP 3 372 908 A1

[0015] EP 3 974 741 A1

[0016] EP 4 008 977 A1

[0017] WO 2013 / 171676 A2

[0018]

Claims

[1] Decentralised ventilation system (10) for a building with a building wall (1) having at least one window (3) or one door, wherein the ventilation system (10) comprises at least one air duct (11) and a fan (15), in particular an axial fan, which can be inserted into the air duct (11), preferably by means of a replaceable cassette (19), wherein the air duct (11) has at least one supply air / exhaust air section (12) with a connection area to an external environment of the building, a section accommodating the fan (15) and a section (14) with a connection area to an interior of the building, wherein the fan (15) can be arranged in the building wall (1) in such a way that a flow direction of the air flow (24) through the fan (15) runs substantially parallel to a plane of the building wall (1), characterized bythat a connection (21) of the air duct (11) to the interior of the building can be arranged in a doubling (9) of the window (3) or the door and the air duct (11) and the fan (15) are installed in a mounting body (26), which preferably consists of a highly heat-insulating material. [2] Decentralized ventilation system (10) according to claim 1, characterized by that the building wall (1) comprises an external insulation (2) and the fan (15) can be arranged in the external insulation (2). [3] Decentralized ventilation system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a connection (20) of the air duct (11) to the outside environment of the building is arranged in a reveal doubling (7) of the window (3) or the door. [4] Decentralized ventilation system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the section (14) with the connection area to the interior of the building is at least partially designed as a flat duct (23). [5] Decentralized ventilation system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the exchangeable cassette (19) has an inspection flap or door which is accessible from the outside of the building. [6] Decentralized ventilation system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the ventilation system (10) has a heat recovery module (16). [7] Decentralized ventilation system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the air duct (11) has a bypass (17), preferably with a further fan (18), which provides an outside air passage. [8] Facade element for use in the renovation of an old building with at least one insulation layer having a window or door recess (6) and with a decentralized ventilation system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the decentralized ventilation system (10) is arranged in the insulation layer. [9] Building arrangement with a decentralized ventilation system (10) according to one of the preceding claims and a building wall (1) having at least one window (3) or one door, wherein the fan (15) is arranged in the building wall (1) so that the flow direction of the air flow (24) through the fan (15) runs substantially parallel to the plane of the building wall (1), and wherein the connection (21) of the air duct (11) to the interior of the building is arranged in the double-story wall (9) of the window (3) or the door. [10] A construction arrangement according to claim 9, comprising an external roller shutter assembly for the window (3) or the door, the external roller shutter assembly comprising an external roller shutter, a receptacle for the external roller shutter in the wound-up, collapsed or folded state, and a rail system for guiding the external roller shutter. [11] Construction arrangement according to claim 10, characterized bythat the section (14) of the air duct (11) with the connection area to the interior of the building is arranged at least partially in the receptacle for the external roller shutter in the wound up, folded or collapsed state. [12] Construction arrangement according to claim 10 or 11, characterized by that the rail system has at least one displaceable or removable section which can be displaced or removed into at least one position in which the interchangeable cassette (19) is accessible.

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