Implant screw for a dental implant

Description

[0001] The present invention lies in the field of implants, in particular dental implants. It relates to an implant screw for a dental implant. Technological background

[0002] Dental implants can be single-piece or multi-piece. Today, multi-piece dental implants have prevailed over single-piece dental implants, as multi-piece dental implants offer better adaptability and protection against unwanted stress during the healing process than single-piece dental implants.

[0003] A large number of multi-part dental implants known from the state of the art are constructed in three parts and thus comprise a base body to be inserted into the jawbone, an abutment to be attached to the base body, and a superstructure to be placed on top of the abutment. The base body, also known as the implant body, is intended to replace the tooth root and is usually cylindrical or conical in shape. The base body usually has a thread through which the base body can be screwed into the jawbone, thereby achieving primary stability in the jawbone. While the base body and abutment are embedded in the jaw or covered by the superstructure, the latter lies exposed in the oral cavity and represents the actual tooth structure.The abutment, also known as implant superstructure, serves as an intermediate link between the base body and the superstructure and is usually screwed and / or glued into the base body.

[0004] The base body should be made of a material that is as bioinert as possible to ensure patient tolerance and complication-free insertion, as well as to prevent gum recession. Both the material and structure of the base body should enable a high degree of osseointegration. These requirements for so-called biocompatibility and high periointegration also apply to the abutment and superstructure. Ceramic, particularly zirconium oxide, has largely established itself as a material with advantageous processing properties and high biocompatibility. Titanium is often used as an alternative to ceramic, but its biocompatibility and periointegration are not as good as those of ceramic.

[0005] A reliable connection between the abutment and the base body that is sealed against bone and gums is crucial for the long-term success of an implantation. A poor connection between the abutment and the base body can lead to loosening and damage to the dental implant. Leaky connections can allow bacteria to penetrate the implant, which can cause peri-implantitis and thus, among other things, jawbone loss. Furthermore, the forces occurring in the teeth place high demands on the material and design for implants to be successful in the long term. The implants must be able to absorb all forces occurring in the teeth without breaking, tearing, or becoming loose. Therefore, both during insertion and throughout the entire service life of the dental implant, it is crucial where and how precisely force is introduced into the individual components of the implant.

[0006] Depending on the position of the dental implant to be inserted in the jaw and the bone availability at that position, different implant types and, in particular, different lengths or sizes of the dental implants may be required. Because the appropriate size of the dental implant varies depending on the jaw situation, series with components of various sizes are generally used. These should provide a reliable connection between the abutment and the base body for high long-term success, as mentioned above. For example, the series can contain several base bodies of different sizes, for example with lengths of 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, or 16 mm and different diameters of, for example, 3.3, 4.1, or 4.8 mm, as well as various abutments that can be straight or angled and can also be available in different sizes.

[0007] In summary, dental implants must meet high requirements for biocompatibility, tightness, force transmission and system flexibility.

[0008] For example, the European patent application filed by the applicant with the publication number EP 2 735 279 A1 describes a dental implant with a ceramic base body that can be anchored in a jawbone and an implant abutment that can be fastened to the base body by means of a screw. In an assembled state of the dental implant, a threaded portion of the screw engages with an internal thread formed in a blind hole of the base body. The screw presses the implant abutment against the base body. A positive engagement between the threaded portion of the screw and the internal thread of the hole exists exclusively in a lower half of the base body facing away from the implant abutment, which extends over half the length of the base body.

[0009] According to EP 2 735 279 A1, the aim is to ensure that mechanical stresses are distributed evenly over the entire length of the base body. The internal thread, into which the stresses are introduced directly via the screw, is located deep in the base of the base body, relatively far from the contact area between the base body and the implant abutment. In order to achieve reliable attachment of the base body to the implant abutment using the screw, the length of the screw must match the length of the blind hole in the base body and part of the implant abutment. Accordingly, different screws must be provided for dental implants of different lengths. Providing different screws is not only expensive but also laborious to use, thus leading to undesirable additional costs and effort.

[0010] US 2009 / 029318 A1 discloses an abutment comprising a titanium element which is screwed to an internal thread of a dental implant and a coronal element made of ceramic. Description of the invention

[0011] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide dental implants which satisfy the general requirements for successful implantation and use and which can at least be more easily adapted to bone variations and implant availability than dental implants known from the prior art.

[0012] This object is achieved according to the invention by an implant screw according to independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims and in the present disclosure.

[0013] In particular, the problem is solved by an implant screw for a dental implant, with a ceramic head part and with a non-ceramic base thread that can be screwed into a base body of the dental implant.

[0014] The solution according to the invention has the advantage over the prior art that the head part and base thread can be selected to match the respective base body. For example, a variety of different head parts can be screwed onto the base body using the base thread. The base thread can also be adapted to the respective conditions, or a connector or standard connector can be used that is adaptable to the conditions and has the base thread formed on it.

[0015] The head portion is made of ceramic, for example, to ensure the highest possible biocompatibility of an implant screw according to the invention. The head portion can be captively connected to a prosthesis or formed on a prosthesis or as a prosthesis. For example, the head portion or the prosthesis is designed to be rotationally symmetrical. A contact surface can be formed on the head portion or prosthesis, which is designed to lie flush with the base body. Thus, the base thread can be enclosed between the head portion or prosthesis and the base body. The base thread is made of a non-ceramic material, for example. A metal or a metal alloy can preferably be used as the non-ceramic material in order to impart the highest possible toughness to an implant screw according to the invention.Thus, the invention, as a connecting system, helps provide a kind of modular system for dental abutments and other components of dental implants, which can be used from the healing phase of the implant through to its ready-to-use assembly. For example, the prosthetic can be a gingiva former for adapting the gums to the shape of a later abutment. Alternatively or additionally, the prosthetic and connector can serve together as an implant screw in the form of a healing screw to seal the base body or implant against bacteria during the healing process.

[0016] Unit connectors or connectors according to the invention can therefore be used together with abutments and / or prosthetics according to the invention. The abutments and / or prosthetics can be used as the head or head part of screws formed together with the connector or unit connector, or at least partially form a head or head part of a screw, for example, an implant or healing screw. In other words, the abutment, prosthetic, and / or head part can interact equivalently with a connector or unit connector according to the invention and accordingly have the necessary configurations and features, as described herein with reference to the abutment, prosthetic, and / or head part.

[0017] The solution according to the invention can be supplemented and further improved as desired by the following further, each advantageous embodiment, wherein a person skilled in the art will readily recognize clearly and unambiguously that device features of components of a connection system according to the invention justify corresponding steps of methods according to the invention for producing and using a connection system according to the invention and its components and vice versa.

[0018] Thus, according to a first further embodiment, the head portion is connected to the base thread via a positive locking mechanism for transmitting a torque acting around a central axis of the implant screw. The positive locking mechanism helps prevent relative rotation between the head portion and the base thread, at least around the central axis. The positive locking mechanism allows torque to be transmitted precisely and securely from the head portion to the base thread and vice versa. The positive locking mechanism allows two-part implant screws according to the invention, consisting of a head portion and base thread, to be handled in the same way as one-part implant screws.

[0019] According to the invention, the head part is provided with a recess in which a connector is received at least in sections, on which the base thread is formed. The recess is designed, for example, in the manner of a blind hole. Designing the recess as a blind hole helps to preferably enclose the connector or an upper end of the connector with the recess. On the one hand, this allows the most intimate and secure connection possible to be created between the head part and the connector. On the other hand, embedding the non-ceramic connector, at least in sections, in the ceramic material of the head part is favored. The connector can be designed or selected according to the respective requirements. For example, the connector is bolt-shaped and / or at least partially cylindrical. The base thread can accordingly have the shape of a threaded bolt.

[0020] According to a further embodiment, a counter-retaining thread is arranged in the recess for screwing the head part onto the connector. The counter-retaining thread allows the connector to be screwed into the head part, thus creating a positive connection between the head part and the connector. The head part and connector can therefore be easily combined.

[0021] According to a further embodiment, the counter-retaining thread is provided with a toothing connected to the head part. For example, the toothing is formed on the prosthesis or the head part. The toothing can, for example, penetrate into the material of the head part or prosthesis when the head part or prosthesis is joined to the connector and help create a positive and / or non-positive connection between the head part or prosthesis and the connector.

[0022] According to a further embodiment, the toothing surrounds the counter-holding thread. In other words, the toothing surrounds the counter-holding thread in a ring-like manner and / or overlaps with it. For example, the toothing can surround an opening to the recess or the counter-holding thread arranged therein. This promotes the most symmetrical and therefore balanced engagement of the toothing in the material of the connector.

[0023] According to a further embodiment, the toothing has flat tooth flanks and / or steep tooth flanks, wherein the flat tooth flanks point in a screwing direction of the counter-holding thread and the steep tooth flanks point opposite to the screwing direction. The screwing direction is, for example, the direction in which the counter-holding thread and consequently the head part or the prosthetic is designed to be screwed onto the connector. Because the flat tooth flanks point in the direction of screwing, they promote further screwing of the head part or the prosthetic onto the connector even after they have come into contact with the connector, since they glide over the material of the connector. In contrast, the steep tooth flanks cause the toothing to dig into the material of the connector when the head part or the prosthetic is moved relative to the connector opposite to the screwing direction.This displaces the material in such a way that a tight positive and / or force fit is achieved between the headpiece or prosthesis and the connector. Such a positive and / or force fit, in particular, prevents accidental loosening of the screw connection between the headpiece or prosthesis and the connector.

[0024] According to the invention, a front face connected to the head portion faces toward the base thread. For example, the front face can be molded onto the head portion or prosthesis and preferably faces in the axial direction, i.e., in a direction substantially parallel to the central axis. Such a front face promotes force and / or torque transmission between the head portion or prosthesis and the connector, on the one hand, and between the implant screw and the base body, on the other.

[0025] According to a further embodiment, the end face is annular. The end face can, for example, enclose an opening to the recess or the base thread or form an edge of the opening. A ring-shaped end face, preferably arranged rotationally symmetrically to the central axis, promotes the most uniform possible force and / or torque transmission between the head part or prosthesis and the connector on the one hand, and between the implant screw and the base body on the other.

[0026] According to the invention, at least one tooth is formed on the front side, on which a tooth tip is formed, pointing away from the front side. For example, the toothing can be formed from a plurality of such teeth. The tooth tips can protrude from the front side and thus penetrate the material of the connector to create the most intimate force-fitting and / or positive connection possible between the head part or prosthesis and the connector.

[0027] According to a further embodiment, the at least one tooth forms the toothing at least in sections. In other words, the toothing comprises the tooth pointing away from the front side. The at least one tooth can accordingly have a flat and a steep tooth flank, as described above. Advantageously, a plurality of teeth forming the toothing are arranged rotationally symmetrically to the central axis along the front side to ensure the most uniform force transmission possible between the head part or prosthesis and the connector.

[0028] According to a further embodiment, the connector has a retaining section with a retaining thread for screwing the headpiece onto the connector. The retaining thread is preferably designed to complement the counter-retaining thread. This facilitates the creation of a reliable screw connection between the headpiece or prosthesis and the connector with as little play as possible.

[0029] According to a further embodiment, the connector has an annular collar that, at least in sections, points toward the headpiece. The headpiece or the prosthetic, in particular its front side, can rest against the annular collar. This promotes, on the one hand, a close connection between the headpiece or prosthetic and the connector. On the other hand, the flush seating of the headpiece or prosthetic on the annular collar of the connector allows for easy visual and / or tactile verification of the proper connection between the headpiece, prosthetic, and connector.

[0030] According to a further embodiment, at least one engagement means is formed on the collar for attaching a tool for screwing in the connector. For example, an outer contour of the collar can be designed as an engagement means. Preferably, the outer contour is shaped as an external hexagon. The engagement means of the connector makes it easier to transfer forces and / or torques to the connector via a tool while minimizing damage to the material.

[0031] According to a further embodiment, at least one engagement means for attaching a tool for screwing in the implant screw is formed on the head part. For example, an inner contour of the engagement means of the head part or the prosthetic can be shaped as a hexagon socket or a hexalobular socket. The engagement means of the head part or the prosthetic makes it easier to transfer forces and / or torques via a tool to the head part or the prosthetic on the one hand and to the implant screw on the other hand, while minimizing damage to the material.

[0032] According to a further embodiment, the head part is connected to the base thread via an adhesive connection. For example, the head part or the prosthetic is glued to the connector. The adhesive connection can be used as an alternative to or in addition to a screw connection described above between the head part or prosthetic and the connector in order to connect them intimately. In combination with a screw connection, the adhesive can act as a screw lock. A cavity can be formed between the head part or prosthetic and the connector, into which an adhesive can penetrate or which can be filled with the adhesive. To provide the cavity, for example, an annular groove can be formed on the base thread or in its vicinity, preferably on the connector.

[0033] Furthermore, the object is achieved by a connector for connecting ceramic components of a dental implant, with a base section on which a base thread is formed for screwing the connector into a base body of the dental implant, and with a holding section on which a holding thread is formed for screwing a prosthesis of the dental implant onto the connector.

[0034] Furthermore, the task is solved with a prosthetic for a dental implant, with a counter-retaining thread for screwing a prosthetic onto a connector of the dental implant.

[0035] Furthermore, the object is achieved with a base body for a dental implant, with an internal thread that is designed complementarily to a base thread of a connector according to the invention and / or with a receptacle that is designed complementarily to a prosthetic according to the invention.

[0036] Finally, the object is achieved by a connection system for a dental implant, with at least one connector according to the invention and / or with at least one prosthetic according to the invention and / or with at least one base body according to the invention.

[0037] According to a further embodiment, the connector is made of a metal or a metal alloy, preferably at least partially made of titanium. Thus, the connector exhibits greater elasticity than the ceramic components of the dental implant, such as the base body, the prosthetics, and the abutment. Considering that these ceramic components are less able to absorb tensile forces, bending moments, and shear stresses than metallic components due to their material properties, the use of the metallic connector helps to impart advantageous fatigue strength and durability to the entire dental implant by benefiting, on the one hand, from the compressive strength, abrasion resistance, and biocompatibility of the ceramic, and, on the other hand, from the elasticity and toughness of the metallic connector.

[0038] Through such a combination of ceramic and metal, a connection system according to the invention represents a hybrid dental implant system, so to speak. It is ideal for the gums not to have contact with the metallic connector. This is achieved according to the invention by advantageously arranging the connector within an interior space of the dental implant formed by the base body and prosthetic, or at least spaced from the gums by the base body and / or prosthetic. The interior space is advantageously hermetically sealed by a contact surface of the prosthetic resting sealingly on a contact surface of the base body.

[0039] According to a further advantageous embodiment, the connector has at least one shoulder element between the base section and the holding section, which protrudes at least partially beyond an outer circumference of the base section and / or the holding section in a radial direction of the connector. The shoulder element can serve both for handling the connector as such and form a stop for the connector. The connector can thus be screwed into the base body up to the shoulder element as a stop on the base body. The shoulder element thus helps to fasten the connector precisely in the base body with tactile and / or visual feedback. Screwed into the base body with the base thread, the connector can, thanks to the holding thread, provide an attachment option for a wide variety of prosthetics or for replacement prosthetics for wear or aesthetic reasons.

[0040] According to a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one shoulder element is formed on an annular collar whose outer diameter is larger than an outer diameter of the base section and / or the retaining section. The annular collar can be arranged concentrically to the base thread and / or the retaining thread. Thus, the annular collar contributes to a uniform force transmission between the connector and the prosthetic and / or between the connector and the base body.

[0041] According to a further advantageous embodiment, at least one engagement means is formed on the connector for actuating the connector with a tool. The engagement means helps to precisely position a tool, which is advantageously designed to complement the engagement means, on the connector and to transfer forces and / or torques from the tool to the connector according to the respective requirements.

[0042] According to a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one engagement means is provided with an external profile, at least in sections. For example, the external profile can be shaped as an external hexagon. An outer diameter of the outer profile can, for example, be smaller than an outer diameter of the base thread and / or retaining thread. This allows for radial play between the engagement means and other components of the dental implant, in particular the respective inner circumferences of the base body and / or prosthetics. Such radial play helps to avoid overdetermination of tolerances of the components of the dental implant and to provide certain degrees of freedom in handling the components and their assembly.

[0043] According to a further advantageous embodiment, a head end of the connector is designed as the at least one engagement means. Thus, the engagement means of the connector inserted into the base body remains easily accessible. Accessibility can be improved, for example, by the head end of the connector protruding beyond an upper edge of the base body, counter to an insertion direction, when the connector is fully inserted into the base body. Alternatively or additionally, the engagement means can be formed on an annular collar or as such on the connector.

[0044] According to a further advantageous embodiment, at least one annular groove is formed between the base section and the holder section, at which the outer circumference of the connector tapers compared to the respective surrounding sections. Such an annular groove helps, on the one hand, to prevent undesired tilting, rubbing, or impact of the connector when inserting the connector into the base body or when placing the prosthetic onto the connector. On the other hand, such annular grooves help to impart the desired elasticity to the connector or to increase its flexibility at the desired location, so that, for example, the connector yields sooner than the contact surfaces between the connector and the ceramic and / or the contact surfaces between the ceramics are overstressed by unbalanced loads.

[0045] According to a further advantageous embodiment, the base thread and / or the retaining thread are designed as left-hand threads. Implant threads are generally designed as right-hand threads. Configuring the base thread and / or the retaining thread as a left-hand thread helps prevent a screw connection from becoming accidentally loose. For example, if the retaining thread is designed as a right-hand thread and the base thread as a left-hand thread, the prosthesis can be unscrewed from the retaining thread without loosening the screw connection between the connector and the base body.

[0046] In a prosthetic according to the invention, the inventive solution can be improved according to a first further advantageous embodiment in that the counter-holding section is provided with a blind hole in which the counter-holding thread is arranged. By arranging the counter-holding thread in the blind hole, the counter-holding thread or an upper end section of the connector can be enclosed by the prosthetic. In other words, the prosthetic can be placed cap-like on the connector. This helps to create a hermetically sealed interior of the dental implant between the prosthetic and the base body. In this interior, the connector can be accommodated, shielded from the surroundings of the dental implant, i.e., the gums and oral cavity.

[0047] According to a further advantageous embodiment, the counter-retaining thread runs, at least in sections, along an extension of the prosthetic, which is designed to engage a receptacle of a base body of the dental implant. This allows the prosthetic to overlap radially with the base body. This helps, on the one hand, to position and center the prosthetic relative to the base body during assembly. On the other hand, the overlap helps ensure high stability of the dental implant and seals its interior.

[0048] In a connection system according to the invention, the solution according to the invention can be improved according to a first further advantageous embodiment in that, in a final assembly state of the dental implant, the connector is accommodated in an interior space of the dental implant enclosed by the prosthetic and the base body. Thus, connectors or unitary connectors made of metals or metal alloys in particular can be arranged in the interior space surrounded by base bodies and prosthetics, preferably made of ceramic materials, to prevent contact of the connectors with the gums. It is also advantageous if the interior space is hermetically sealed. For this purpose, the prosthetic should lie flush with the base body in the final assembly state, forming a seal.

[0049] Before the final assembly, the connector can be connected either to the base body or to the prosthesis in a pre-assembled state of the dental implant. When the connector is connected to the base body in the pre-assembled state, its base thread can be inserted into the base body, while its retaining thread is accessible from outside the base body to secure the prosthesis to it and thus transfer the dental implant from the pre-assembled state to the final assembly state. When the connector is connected to the prosthesis in the pre-assembled state, the prosthesis can be handled like an implant screw, which is screwed into the base body to transfer the dental implant from the pre-assembled state to the final assembly state.

[0050] Furthermore, the invention relates to a unit connector for connecting an abutment of a dental implant to a base body of the dental implant, comprising a base portion that can be inserted into the base body along an insertion direction and fixed therein, and an abutment holding portion for holding the abutment on the base body, wherein the abutment holding portion provides at least two holding positions for the abutment that are spaced apart from one another along the insertion direction.

[0051] The invention further relates to a standard connection system for dental implants comprising at least one standard connector according to the invention. With the aid of the standard connector, the standard connector system can be used for a variety of different sizes and types of dental implants. In addition to at least one standard connector, the standard connection system can also include additional elements, such as retaining elements, additional retaining elements, and tools and / or measuring instruments that interact with these and / or the standard connector.

[0052] Typically, both the base body and the abutment have holes that can accommodate the standard connector. When the dental implant is assembled, a lower section of the standard connector is located in the base body and an upper section of the standard connector is located in the abutment. Depending on the length of the base body and the abutment, the standard connector can protrude from the top of the abutment. Preferably, the first end section can be connected to the base body when the standard connector is inserted into the base body, preferably firmly anchored. Optionally, the standard connector can be glued into the base body or, alternatively, connected using a bayonet lock.

[0053] The standard connector offers the advantage that, thanks to its adjustable length, it can be used for dental implants of various sizes. In conventional solutions using conventional screws, however, the sizes and lengths of the components must be precisely matched to the screw to ensure a reliable connection between the base body and abutment. By providing at least two holding positions, the standard connector according to the invention enables it to be used with base bodies of various sizes as well as abutments of various sizes. This allows, for example, a form-fitting, sealed connection between the base body and the abutment for entire series of dental implants to be achieved using the same standard connector, which can advantageously be anchored as deeply as possible in the base body. This helps ensure a stable structure of the dental implant.On the other hand, increased variability compared to the state of the art can reduce production costs for dental implants and simplify their application.

[0054] Through the operative connection of the second end region of the standard connector with the abutment, the standard connector can connect the base body to the abutment, preferably in a force-fitting and form-fitting manner. The operative connection can be form-fitting, force-fitting and / or material-fitting, including indirectly via a holding or connecting means, such as in the form of a sleeve. Form-fitting is to be understood in the context of the manufacture of the components of the dental implant as known to those skilled in the art. Sealing, in connection with the connection between the abutment and the base body, means that the contact surfaces between the base body and the abutment are so tight that, for example, no bacteria can penetrate between the base body and the abutment, which helps to prevent peri-implantitis.

[0055] A unitary connector according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously due to the sealing effect on multi-part ceramic dental implants. In such dental implants, an interior space or cavity is typically formed between the base body and the abutment. When the abutment is properly mounted on the base body, the interior space is hermetically sealed from the jawbone and gums. The unitary connector can therefore be housed in the interior space, isolated from the jawbone and gums. Thus, the unitary connector can also be made of materials other than ceramic, such as stainless steel and / or titanium, or similar, without having to compromise on the biocompatibility of the dental implant, because this is ensured by the ceramic nature of the implant components enclosing the unitary connector.

[0056] The solution according to the invention can be combined as desired and further improved with the following further, each advantageous embodiment of the invention.

[0057] According to a first further embodiment, the holding positions are continuously variable. This continuously variable selection of the holding positions allows a variety of different base bodies and abutments to be connected to one another using the same type of standard connector. The continuously variable selection of the holding positions also helps to compensate for any manufacturing tolerances, as well as deviations or irregularities during implantation or build-up of the implant.

[0058] According to a further embodiment, the base section has a first external thread, which is designed to engage with an internal thread of the base body and provides the at least two holding positions. The external thread allows the unit connector to be easily screwed into the base body and thus connected thereto in a form-fitting and force-fitting manner. The holding positions can be provided in a continuously variable manner along the external thread.

[0059] According to a further embodiment of a standard connector according to the invention, a length of the first external thread measured parallel to the insertion direction essentially corresponds to a length of the internal thread measured parallel to the insertion direction, or at least is only slightly less than the length of the internal thread. Thus, the internal thread and external thread can essentially overlap. On the one hand, this helps to provide a lower stop for the standard connector through the dimensioning of the threads themselves, thus limiting its insertion path in the insertion direction. On the other hand, the positive and non-positive connection between the standard connector and the base body is precisely limited to the area of ​​said threads and concentrated there. Unnecessary thread turns and the associated material weakening are avoided.

[0060] According to a further embodiment of a unitary connector according to the invention, the unitary connector has a cylindrical shaft section between the base section and the abutment holding section. Thus, the unitary connector can be manufactured as a type of stud bolt with a thread at each end. The shaft section promotes the most play-free reception of the unitary connector in both the base body and the abutment. Any transverse forces or moments can be transmitted via contact surfaces designed with as little play or play-free as possible between the shaft section and the base body, on the one hand, and between the shaft section and the abutment, on the other hand, which helps to improve the robustness and longevity of the entire dental implant.

[0061] According to a further embodiment, the shaft section has at least partially a larger diameter than the base section. A stop or a step can be formed in the area of ​​the diameter change, which helps to limit the insertion path of the unit connector in the insertion direction. Furthermore, this embodiment allows the shaft section to be designed so stably that forces acting transversely or radially to the central axis of the shaft section or unit connector can be reliably absorbed and dissipated. In contrast, threads in the base section and in the abutment holding section can be designed to absorb tensile forces acting parallel to the insertion direction, which helps to optimize the dimensions of the individual components of the dental implant.Furthermore, this embodiment offers the advantage that contact between the base section and the inner wall of the bore of the base body can be minimized when the standard connector is inserted into the bore of the base body. In the case of a thread in the base section, for example, contact between the thread and the inner wall of the bore of the base body when the standard connector is inserted can lead to damage, which can be particularly critical for base bodies made of ceramic. A step can therefore advantageously ensure that the standard connector is guided by the shaft and disadvantageous damage to the base body caused by contact between the inner wall and the base section can be minimized. The bore of the base body preferably has a narrowed bore in the lower region corresponding to the first end region of the standard connector, into which bore the base section of the standard connector can engage oras flush as possible so that it can be inserted finally.

[0062] According to a further embodiment, a holding element is provided that encompasses the abutment holding section and is designed to cooperate with the abutment holding section to hold the abutment. The holding element can be designed to be fixable or lockable in the at least two holding positions on the unit connector, or at least to cooperate with the unit connector in such a way that it can absorb forces acting substantially parallel to the insertion direction from the unit connector and transmit them to it. Different holding elements can each be combined with the same unit connector in order to be able to use it together with different types of base bodies and / or abutments.

[0063] According to a further embodiment of the unitary connector, the retaining element has at least one retaining surface for holding the abutment, which faces at least partially counter to the insertion direction. The retaining surface can be designed according to the respective requirements in order to transmit forces acting essentially parallel to the insertion direction. The design of the retaining surface can be optimized for the respective base body or the respective abutment.

[0064] According to a further embodiment of the standard connector, the abutment holding section is provided with at least one holding thread for positive and non-positive engagement with the holding element. The holding element can therefore be easily screwed onto the standard connector using the holding thread. The holding element is equipped with a corresponding thread that is designed to be complementary to the holding thread. This makes it possible to provide a multitude of largely freely selectable and adjustable holding positions. As soon as the standard connector has been correctly inserted into the base body, the abutment can be easily fixed in the desired position on the base body with the aid of the holding element by screwing the holding element onto the holding thread of the standard connector with an appropriate torque. Advantageously, this also allows for the creation of holding positions, particularly in the area of ​​the base section orManufacturing and assembly tolerances occurring in the connection between the base body and the standard connector are compensated for and a connection between the abutment and the base body that is as flush, stable and sealed as possible is created.

[0065] According to a further embodiment, the holding element is designed in the manner of a sleeve with a substantially cylindrical outer contour. The unit connector can be connected to the abutment via such a sleeve in order to form a positively sealed connection between the abutment and the base body in a simple and effective manner. In an advantageous embodiment, the sleeve is pushed over the abutment holding section, engaging therein, and upon engagement, presses the abutment against the base body in a positively sealing manner. In this context, the person skilled in the art understands pushing to mean not only a transverse sliding movement, but generally a positioning process, whereby one component is received in or on another. Pushing can therefore also include screwing orrepresent a combination of transverse sliding movement and screwing, for example if the sleeve is first placed on the abutment holding section and then screwed into a holding thread provided thereon.

[0066] Typically, the sleeve can be inserted into a sleeve receiving area of ​​the abutment's bore and is designed to be flush with it. In one embodiment, a length of the sleeve, measured essentially parallel to the insertion direction, amounts to at least 50%, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 85%, of the length of a sleeve receiving area of ​​the abutment's through-bore, also measured essentially parallel to the insertion direction. In an alternative embodiment, the sleeve can also be longer than the sleeve receiving area of ​​the abutment's through-bore. The sleeve then projects beyond the abutment, creating additional stability.

[0067] According to a further embodiment, at least one additional holding element is provided that encompasses the abutment holding section and is designed to cooperate with the abutment holding section to hold the abutment. The additional holding element can serve to extend the holding element or its effective range, or to stabilize or counter it. In particular, the additional holding element can perform supporting functions in addition to the holding element. Thus, the additional holding element helps to use the unit connector even more flexibly in conjunction with various base bodies and / or abutments.

[0068] For designs with abutments that have a bore with a retaining element or sleeve receiving area that is significantly longer (e.g., more than twice as long) than the retaining element, an additional retaining element offers the advantage that, after insertion of the retaining element, the remaining space between the abutment holding section and the inner wall of the retaining element or sleeve receiving area of ​​the abutment bore can be occupied by the additional retaining element. This can increase the stability of the dental implant because the support surface between the abutment and the unit connector is enlarged.

[0069] According to a further embodiment, the retaining element and / or the additional retaining element are provided with an internal thread, a type of round nut. The internal thread is designed to complement the thread formed on the abutment retaining section. Thus, the retaining element and additional retaining element can be easily screwed onto the abutment retaining section.

[0070] According to a further embodiment, it is provided that the holding element and / or the additional holding element has or has an engagement means on which a tool for actuating the holding element and / or the additional holding element can be supported. In particular, the engagement means can be designed to complement a counter-engagement means of a special tool with which the holding element or additional holding element can be actuated. In the case of a holding element or additional holding element that can be screwed onto the abutment holding section, the engagement means is designed such that a torque for screwing on the holding element or additional holding element can be transmitted to it. In one embodiment, the engagement means can be formed grooves arranged and formed on one end of the holding element or additional holding element, preferably axially symmetrically thereon.

[0071] According to an additional embodiment, a length of the standard connector, measured essentially parallel to the insertion direction, is adjustable. This offers the advantage that the standard connector can be shortened or lengthened for dental implants of different sizes with a length that is too large or too small for the standard connector.

[0072] According to a further embodiment, the standard connector is designed to be cut to length at predetermined cutting markings depending on the size of the dental implant. The cutting markings allow the standard connector to be precisely cut to the desired length before, during, or after its insertion. In particular, this offers the advantage that the standard connector can be adapted for small dental implants, for which the base body is short, by shortening the length of the standard connector. Preferably, the base section and / or the abutment holding section are of sufficient length so that after shortening the standard connector, the base section and / or the abutment holding section still have sufficient length to ensure a connection to the base body and / or an operative connection to the abutment.

[0073] According to a further embodiment, the cutting markings are formed as predetermined breaking points. The predetermined breaking points simplify precise cutting of the unit connector and prevent unwanted damage during cutting. In embodiments in which the base section and / or the abutment holding section have a thread, the thread advantageously extends over a sufficient length along the insertion direction that, even after shortening, a sufficient threaded section remains to ensure a connection to the base body and / or the abutment. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the abutment holding section is longer than the base section. If the unit connector is then cut to length in the region of the abutment holding section, the base section and base body remain unaffected.

[0074] According to a further embodiment, the abutment holding section and / or the base section is designed to be engageable with a connector extension, preferably in the form of a bolt extension or screw extension. Preferably, a bolt extension or screw extension can be provided for the extension, which has an outer diameter that corresponds to the outer diameter of the unitary connector, so that no changes occur with regard to the guidance of the abutment and / or a holding element and the radial positioning of the unitary connector in the through-bore of the abutment. In designs with an external thread in the base section and a retaining thread in the abutment holding section, the connector extension offers the advantage that the unitary connector can be flexibly extended at both ends as required.In designs with a cylindrical shaft section, the outer diameter of the round nut is advantageously equal to the outer diameter of the shaft section, thus enabling a seamless transition between the shaft section and the connector extension. Furthermore, the standard connector can be adapted or extended for large dental implants with a length that would otherwise be too long for the standard connector. Preferably, the bolt extension or screw extension has an outer diameter that matches the outer diameter of the standard connector, thus ensuring no changes in the guidance of the standard connector and its radial positioning in the bore of the base body.

[0075] According to a further embodiment, a unitary connector according to the invention, including any retaining and / or extension elements, can be designed to be reversible, so that the function of the base and abutment retaining section can be freely interchanged according to the respective requirements. The dimensions of the base and abutment retaining section can be adapted to different base bodies or abutments such that, for example, for certain sizes and types of the base body, the base section is inserted into it, and for other sizes and types, the abutment retaining section is inserted into it, thus becoming the base retaining section, while the abutment retaining section then fulfills the function of the abutment retaining section. Such a reversible function increases the variability of the unitary connector.

[0076] In the unitary connection system according to the invention, the solution according to the invention can be further improved in that the unitary connection system further comprises at least one base body insertable into a jawbone and / or at least one abutment holding section, which are designed to interact with the unitary connector. A base body insertable into a jawbone, an abutment that can be positively connected to the base body, and a unitary connector according to the present disclosure make it possible to provide particularly cost-effective, flexibly usable series of dental implants that comprise components that can be combined with one another in a modular manner.

[0077] According to a further embodiment of a unitary connection system according to the invention, the base body has a bore for receiving the unitary connector, or the abutment has a through-bore extending substantially parallel to the insertion direction, in which at least one shoulder is arranged, forming a stop for the unitary connector facing counter to the insertion direction. The abutment therefore generally has a through-bore and, on the inside of the bore, a shoulder, for example in the form of a step, via which the abutment can be pressed sealingly against the base body.

[0078] According to a further embodiment, the bore of the base body, in a half of the base body facing away from the abutment, has an internal thread that can be brought into engagement with the base section. This allows the standard connector to be easily screwed into the base body. The arrangement of the internal thread in the half of the base body facing away from the abutment, while simultaneously providing lateral support for the standard connector in sections of the base body located above the internal thread, makes it possible to have essentially only tensile or compressive forces running parallel to the insertion direction on the internal thread, thereby avoiding the risk of damage, such as breakage or cracks, in the area of ​​the internal thread, which can occur particularly when thread turns and unfavorable force introductions lead to undesirable notch effects.

[0079] In other words, arranging the internal thread in the half of the base body facing away from the abutment offers the advantage that the forces acting on the internal thread can be directed into the lower area of ​​the base body and thus kept away from the contact area with the abutment. This advantageously leads to tensile and shear stresses in the contact area between the abutment and base body, particularly at the bearing surfaces, being essentially avoided. Advantageously, mainly compressive stresses remain in the contact area, which is particularly advantageous for ceramic components, since the ceramic material is stable under compressive forces but rather unstable under tensile forces. This arrangement therefore offers the advantage of increasing the stability and thus the long-term success of the dental implant.

[0080] According to a further embodiment, a largest outer diameter of the standard connector, at least in a lower half of the standard connector, is matched to a smallest inner diameter of the bore of the base body in such a way that the standard connector is guided in the base body with essentially no play when inserted into the bore. This play-free guidance helps simplify the installation of the standard connector and increases the long-term stability of the entire implant.

[0081] According to a further embodiment, it is provided that a smallest inner diameter of the through-bore of the abutment is matched to a largest outer diameter of the holding element and / or the additional holding element such that the holding element and / or the additional holding element are guided in the abutment essentially without play. Preferably, the bore of the abutment has a lower region facing the base body with a smaller diameter than the diameter of an upper region of the bore of the abutment facing away from the base body, which upper region forms a receiving region for the holding element and / or the additional holding element, wherein the two regions adjoin one another via the step such that the abutment can be pressed into the base body in a form-fitting, sealing manner by the sleeve abutting against the step in the axial direction of the dental implant.In embodiments of the abutment with a step, the length of the sleeve is preferably at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 75%, most particularly preferably at least 85%, of the length of the upper region, or the sleeve receiving region, of the bore of the abutment.

[0082] According to a further embodiment, the bore in the base body is designed as a through bore and has a cap at the lower end which at least partially covers the bore and which can be brought into engagement with a part of the base section of the unit connector and is designed to be detachable from the base body when the unit connector is inserted in such a way that, when the base body and unit connector are fully inserted into the jawbone, the lower end of the unit connector presses the cap into the jawbone. The cap, which can be separated from the base body, can advantageously further increase the flexibility of the dental implant. If the unit connector is too long in relation to the base body, the unit connector can be inserted into the base body orscrewed in (in designs with a first thread in the first end area) until the unit connector hits the cap, ultimately separating the cap from the base body and pressing it further into the jawbone. The stability of the dental implant's anchorage can be advantageously increased with the cap pressed further into the jawbone. The additional surface area created by the separated cap can advantageously help increase the degree of osseointegration.

[0083] Alternatively, the bore of the base body is designed as a blind hole. The length of the blind hole is preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90%, of the total length of the base body. This offers the advantage that the entire length of the base body can be used to absorb forces, e.g., screw forces, when connecting the standard connector to the base body.

[0084] According to a further embodiment, a gap is formed between the largest outer diameter of the retaining element and / or the additional retaining element and the smallest inner diameter of the through-bore of the abutment, the width of which gap is preferably between 0.001 mm and 0.1 mm. The gap serves to provide sufficient radial clearance between the sleeve and the abutment, so that over-determination can be avoided. However, the clearance is advantageously sufficiently small that the sleeve can increase stability by allowing the abutment to be supported against the sleeve when transverse forces occur.

[0085] In one embodiment, the base body is made of ceramic, preferably zirconium oxide or zirconium oxide-based. In one embodiment, the abutment is made of ceramic, preferably zirconium oxide or zirconium oxide-based. Preferably, the base body and / or the abutment in ceramic embodiments are manufactured by powder injection molding. This offers the advantage of cost-effective production. The ceramic material offers the advantages of high biocompatibility and a high degree of osseointegration. Furthermore, compared to titanium, the ceramic material offers a cosmetic advantage in cases of gum recession, which often occurs with dental implants.

[0086] In designs of the base body made of ceramic and with an internal thread, the internal thread is preferably designed as a round thread. In an advantageous variant, the first end region of the standard connector in these designs has a trapezoidal thread. This offers the advantage that the threads of the internal thread can be protected when screwing in the standard connector. Compared to pointed threads, which can cut into the internal thread and thus damage the ceramic material, such a standard connector with a trapezoidal thread can therefore increase the long-term success of the dental implant.

[0087] In one embodiment, the unit connector is made of metal, preferably of stainless steel and / or titanium.

[0088] In one embodiment, the largest transverse diameter of the unit connector in the lower half of the unit connector corresponds to the largest transverse diameter of the bore of the base body such that the unit connector can be guided into the bore when it is received.

[0089] Optionally, there is a clearance between the area of ​​the standard connector that is located in the base body after insertion and the inner wall of the base body's bore, so that damage due to friction can be minimized when inserting the standard connector into the base body. However, the clearance is advantageously so small that reliable guidance and centering of the standard connector is provided.

[0090] In one embodiment, a transverse diameter of the standard connector corresponds to the smallest transverse diameter of the bore of the abutment such that the abutment can be guided through the standard connector when inserted onto the base body.

[0091] The standard connector therefore offers the advantage of guiding and centering the abutment during positioning on the base body. Preferably, there is a certain amount of clearance between the standard connector and the inner wall of the abutment's bore, minimizing damage caused by friction when positioning the abutment on the base body. However, the clearance is advantageously small enough to ensure reliable guidance and centering of the abutment.

[0092] In one embodiment, the largest transverse diameter of the bore of the abutment corresponds to the transverse diameter of the sleeve such that the abutment can be supported on the sleeve in the transverse direction.

[0093] In designs with a stepped bore in the abutment and a standard connector with a cylindrical shaft and a sleeve, the smaller diameter of the bore in the lower area of ​​the abutment facing the base body advantageously corresponds to the outer diameter of the cylindrical shaft of the standard connector. The larger diameter of the bore in the upper area of ​​the abutment facing away from the base body, which forms the sleeve receiving area, advantageously corresponds to the outer diameter of the sleeve, so that the abutment can be supported on the sleeve and the stability of the dental implant can be increased when transverse forces occur. In the lower area of ​​the abutment's bore, the abutment can advantageously be supported on the cylindrical shaft or partially on the second end area of ​​the standard connector when transverse forces occur.

[0094] In one embodiment, the abutment has an extension and the base body has a recess, wherein the extension can be inserted into the recess. Preferably, a torsion-proof positive fit is provided by the extension of the abutment and the recess of the base body. In one variant, the torsion-proof positive fit is provided by a radially irregular structure of the extension (i.e., in the tangential direction). In another variant, the extension has radial projections, which form contact surfaces facing in the tangential direction and can engage in radial grooves in the recess of the base body. Character description

[0095] The invention will be explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the figures and the associated description. They show: Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of a first embodiment of a unit connector according to the invention; Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of a unit connector according to the invention; Fig. 3 shows a sectional view of a dental implant with a first embodiment of a unit connection system according to the invention; Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of a dental implant with a second embodiment of a unit connection system according to the invention; Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of the Fig. 3 shown dental implant along the Fig. 3 drawn section line AA; Fig. 6 a schematic exploded view of a further embodiment of a dental implant according to the invention; Fig. 7 a schematic cross-sectional view along a longitudinal axis of the Fig. 6 shown dental implant in a pre-assembled state; Fig. 8 a schematic cross-sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the Fig. 6 and 7shown dental implant in a final assembly state; Fig. 9 a schematic exploded view of an additional embodiment of a dental implant according to the invention; Fig. 10 a detail IX of the in Fig. 9 shown dental implant; Fig. 11 a schematic cross-sectional view along a longitudinal axis of the Figs. 9 and 10 shown dental implant in a pre-assembled state; Fig. 12 a detail XI of the Figs. 9 to 11 shown dental implant; and Fig. 13 a schematic cross-sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the Figs. 9 to 12 shown dental implant in a final assembly state. Implementation of the invention

[0096] The invention is described in more detail below by way of example using possible embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The combinations of features shown in these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. Individual features can also be omitted depending on their advantages described above if the advantage of the respective feature is not important for certain applications. For the sake of simplicity, identical features and elements are provided with identical reference numerals in the description of the embodiments. In different embodiments, features and elements with the same or similar function can be provided with one or more apostrophes in order to assign them to an embodiment for the sake of illustration, whereby this assignment should not be understood as limiting them to the respective embodiment.

[0097] Figure 1shows a sectional view of a first embodiment of a unit connector 1 according to the invention. The unit connector 1 has a base section 11 with a first external thread 111 and an abutment holding section 12 with a holding thread 121. Between the sections 11, 12, the unit connector has a cylindrical shaft section 13, so that the unit connector 1 has the shape of a stud bolt with a central axis M 1, along which the unit connector 1 is to be inserted or screwed in an insertion direction I.

[0098] The unit connector 1 has a total length L 1 measured parallel to the insertion direction I. The base section 11 and the external thread 111 have a length L 11 and L 111 respectively, measured parallel to the insertion direction I, which is 0.2 to 0.3 times, preferably 0.25 times, corresponding to a quarter of the total length L 1. The abutment holding section 12 and the holding thread 121 have a length L 12 and L 112 respectively, measured parallel to the insertion direction I, which is 0.3 to 0.6 times, preferably 0.4 to 0.5 times, most preferably 0.416 times, corresponding to five twelfths of the total length L 1. The shaft section 13 has a length L 13 measured parallel to the insertion direction I, which is 0.3 to 0.4 times, preferably 0.333 times, corresponding to one third of the total length L 1 .

[0099] The unitary connector 1 is made, for example, of stainless steel, titanium, and / or ceramic. In certain embodiments, it may be particularly advantageous to manufacture the unitary connector from stainless steel and / or titanium, especially if it is housed within an otherwise ceramic implant, hermetically sealed and isolated from the jaw and gums, so that the issue of biocompatibility for the unitary connector 1 itself is of secondary importance and may be subordinate to optimizing its mechanical properties.

[0100] Figure 2shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of a unit connector 1' with a base section 11' and a first external thread 111' as well as an abutment holding section 12' and a holding thread 121'. A bolt extension 14' is attached to the base section 11' in a suitable manner. For example, the bolt extension 14' can be connected to the base section 11' by means of a screw connection in a recess on the central axis of the base section 11' or by means of an adhesive connection on its end face. The bolt extension 14' has an extension thread 141, which can be engaged with an internal thread of a base body of a dental implant. The bolt extension 14' allows the unit connector 1' to be extended and can therefore be used for long dental implants.Alternatively or additionally, the bolt extension 14' can also be attached in an analogous manner to the abutment holding section 12' in order to extend it.

[0101] Similar to the standard connector 1, the standard connector 1' has a total length L 1' measured parallel to the insertion direction I, which can, for example, be the sum of the total length L 1 of the standard connector 1 plus a length L 14' of the bolt extension 14' measured parallel to the insertion direction I. The base section 11' and the external thread 111' have a length L 11' and L 111, respectively, measured parallel to the insertion direction I, which is also 0.2 to 0.3 times, preferably 0.25 times, corresponding to a quarter of the total length L 1. The abutment holding section 12' and the holding thread 121' have a length L 12' and L 112' respectively, measured parallel to the insertion direction I, which is 0.3 to 0.6 times, preferably 0.4 to 0.5 times, most preferably 0.416 times, corresponding to five twelfths of the total length L 1. The shaft section 13' has a length L 13' measured parallel to the insertion direction I, which is 0.3 to 0.4 times, preferably 0.333 times, corresponding to one third of the total length L 1.

[0102] With the help of the bolt extension 14', the above-mentioned length ratios between the individual sections of the standard connector 1', derived from the standard connector 1', can be shifted or adjusted according to the respective requirements, based on its total length L 1'. The shift or adjustment of the length ratios results from the length L 14' of the bolt extension 14', with the total length L 1 of the standard connector 1 representing a kind of basic length that can be varied using different types of bolt extension 14'.

[0103] In the present embodiment of the standard connector 1' with bolt extension 14', the length L 14' is 0.3 to 0.4 times, preferably 0.333 times, corresponding to one-third of the total length L 1 . Thus, the length of the extension thread can in turn correspond to the length L 111' of the external thread. The standard connector 1 or 1' can thus be incrementally lengthened or optionally shortened by bolt extensions 14' by 0.3 to 0.4 times, preferably 0.333 times, corresponding to one-third of the total length L 1 , if it is originally provided with at least one bolt extension 14' and is designed to be cut to length by removing the at least one bolt extension 14'.

[0104] Figure 3shows a sectional view of a dental implant 100 with a first embodiment of a unitary connection system according to the invention. The dental implant 100 comprises a base body 130, an abutment 120, and a tooth abutment 110. The insertion direction I of the dental implant 100 is indicated by an arrow. The base body 130 and the abutment 120 are preferably made of a ceramic material. The base body 130 has an external thread 133 in the form of a round thread. Furthermore, the base body 130 has a bore 131 in the form of a blind hole, wherein the bore 131 has an internal thread 132 in the lower half of the base body 130 facing away from the abutment 120. To clarify the designations "top" or "bottom," the coordinate system is shown in the figure. The internal thread 132 is engaged with a first external thread 111" in the base portion 11" of a unit connector 1" inserted into the bore 131.

[0105] The length L 111 of the first external thread 111" is slightly less than a length L 132 of the internal thread 132 measured parallel to the insertion direction I. The internal thread 132 is designed as a round thread. The diameter of the bore 131 corresponds to the diameter of the standard connector 1", so that the standard connector 1" is guided during insertion into the base body 130. The abutment 120 has a through-bore 1200 with an upper region 1201 and a lower region 1202, wherein the diameter of the through-bore 1200 in the upper region 1201 is larger than the diameter of the through-bore 1200 in the lower region 1202. The upper region 1201 borders on the lower region 1202 via a shoulder 1203.

[0106] The diameter of the through-bore 1200 in the lower region 1202 corresponds to the diameter of the cylindrical shaft section of the unit connector 1", so that the abutment 120 is guided by the cylindrical shaft section 13" of the unit connector 1" when placed on the base body 130. The length L 13 of the cylindrical shaft section 13" is advantageously dimensioned such that it optimally supports both the abutment 120 and the base body laterally and absorbs and releases any transverse and / or shear forces as far as possible from the base section 11" and the abutment holding section 12".

[0107] A holding element 15 is inserted into the through-bore 1200 in the upper region 1201, which is engaged with the holding thread 121" in the abutment holding section 12" of the unit connector 1" or is screwed on via an internal thread 152 of the holding element 15. The abutment holding section 12" has a length L 12. The holding element 15 is also made of stainless steel, titanium and / or ceramic. The outer diameter of the holding element 15 corresponds to the diameter of the upper region 1201 of the through-bore 1200 of the abutment 120, which forms the sleeve receiving area, so that the abutment 120 can bear against the holding element 15 when transverse forces occur, which increases the stability of the dental implant 100. There is a gap between the lateral outer surface of the holding element 15 and the lateral inner surface of the upper region 1201 of the through hole 1200, which ensures play.The holding element 15 has engagement means 151 in the form of notches which can be engaged with a suitable key (not shown).

[0108] With the appropriate tool or wrench, the holding element 15 can be screwed onto the abutment holding section 121" of the unitary connector 1" by means of the engagement means 151. The holding element 15 has an internal thread 152 which engages with the holding thread 121" of the unitary connector 1". By screwing on the holding element 15, an operative connection is established between the unitary connector 1" and the abutment 120 such that the abutment 120 is pressed by the holding element 15 over the shoulder 1203 onto the base body 130, thus establishing a sealed, positive-locking connection between the abutment 120 and the base body 130. When the holding element 15 is screwed on, the contact surface 125 of the abutment 120 rests on the contact surface 134 of the base body 130.

[0109] The abutment 120 further comprises an extension 124 a, b, which is received in a form-fitting receptacle 135 in the form of a recess in the base body 130. The extension 124 a, b is formed asymmetrically in the radial direction, thus ensuring a torsion-proof form fit. In cross-section (in the y-direction), the extension 124 a, b has projections, which in Fig. 5 are shown in cross-section. In the Figure 3 or 4 It can be seen that the abutment holding section 12" of the unit connector 1" protrudes beyond the abutment 120. Before placing the tooth abutment 110, the unit connector 1" can be trimmed in the abutment holding section 12" if the projection is too large. Alternatively or additionally, a recess 1101 in the tooth abutment 110, as shown in the figure, can be used to accommodate the projection of the abutment holding section 12".

[0110] Figure 4shows a second embodiment of a dental implant 100' according to the invention. In contrast to the Figure 3 In the dental implant 100 shown, the dental implant 100' has an abutment 120' whose length measured parallel to the insertion direction I is greater than the length of the abutment 120 measured parallel to the insertion direction I. Accordingly, an upper end of a unit connector 1" of the dental implant 100' protrudes less from the through-bore 1200' above the upper edge of the abutment 120' than in the dental implant 100.

[0111] The dental implant 100' is provided with an additional retaining element 16. The additional retaining element 16 is screwed onto the retaining thread 121" of the unit connector 1" in abutting relation to the retaining element 15'. The additional retaining element 16 has an internal thread that engages with the retaining thread 121" of the unit connector 1". The additional retaining element 16 has engagement means 161 by means of which the additional retaining element 16 can be screwed onto the retaining thread 121".

[0112] The additional holding element 16 increases the stability of the dental implant 100' by increasing the surface area over which the abutment 120' can be supported. The length of the holding element 15' and the length of the additional holding element 16 almost correspond to the length of the upper region 1201' of the through-bore 1200'. Thus, when transverse forces act on the dental implant 100', the abutment 120' can rest laterally on both the preferably sleeve-shaped holding element 15' and the also preferably sleeve-shaped additional holding element 16.

[0113] Illustrative is in the Figure 4The double arrow F is shown, which is intended to represent the transverse forces that occur. The forces F can lead to torques that, without retaining elements or with short retaining elements, would be concentrated essentially on the lower area of ​​the through-hole 1200' of the abutment 120'. Long retaining elements 15' or additional retaining elements 16 enable lateral support of the abutment 120' in the event of transverse forces F, so that the occurring torques can be distributed and absorbed essentially along the entire length of the through-hole 1200'.

[0114] Figure 5 shows that in the Figure 3 shown dental implant 100 in a schematic cross-sectional view along the Figure 3drawn section line AA in an area in which the extension 124 a, b engages in the receptacle 135. On the outside of the extension 124 a, b, projection-like positive elements 126 are formed, extending radially away from the extension 124 a, b and running parallel to the insertion direction I. The receptacle 135 is provided with negative elements 136, which also run parallel to the insertion direction I and are designed complementarily to the positive elements 126.

[0115] The positive elements 126 interact with the negative elements 136 in such a form-fitting manner that, in the assembled state, relative movements, in particular rotational movements, of the abutment 120 relative to the base body 130 are prevented. At the same time, the positive elements 126 and the negative elements 136 jointly define a circular grid of rotational positions along which a rotational orientation of the abutment 120 and the base body 130 relative to each other can be freely selected in incremental steps prior to assembly.

[0116] Depending on the nature of the holding threads 121, 121' as such and due to their variable positioning along the insertion direction I thanks to the described lengthening and / or shortening capability, unit connectors 1, 1' according to the invention provide a plurality of holding positions for the abutment 120, 120' spaced apart from one another along the insertion direction I.

[0117] Fig. 6shows a schematic exploded view of a further embodiment of a dental implant 200 according to the invention. The dental implant 200 comprises a connector 2, preferably made of a metal or a metal alloy, such as titanium or a titanium alloy, a prosthetic 220, preferably made of ceramic, such as zirconium oxide, here for example in the form of a head of a healing screw, and a base body 230, preferably also made of ceramic, such as zirconium oxide. Connector 2, prosthetic 220 and base body 230 are arranged concentrically to a central axis M of the dental implant 200 running parallel to the insertion direction I.

[0118] The connector 2 has a base section 21, a holding section 22, and a shaft section 23. A base thread 211 is formed on the base section 21, which is designed to be screwed into the base body 230 in the insertion direction I. A holding thread 221 is formed around the holding section 22, as in the abutment holding section 12, 12', 12" (see Figures 1 to 3 ). The retaining thread 221 is designed to be screwed into the prosthesis 220 opposite to the insertion direction I and to cooperate with the retaining element 15, 15' (see Figures 3 and 4 ). The shaft section 23 is cylindrical in shape and arranged rotationally symmetrically to the central axis and, due to its cylindrical outer circumferential surface, offers a support surface 27 which points in a radial direction R of the connector 2 extending radially away from the central axis M.

[0119] An annular collar 28 of the connector 2 is also cylindrical and is arranged between the holding section 22 and the shaft section 23, rotationally symmetrical to the central axis M. A diameter of the annular collar 28 measured parallel to the radial direction R is larger than a diameter of the shaft section 23 also measured parallel to the radial direction R. Thus, the annular collar 28 projects beyond the shaft section 23 in the radial direction R and forms a shoulder element 28a pointing in the insertion direction I and a shoulder element 28b pointing opposite to the insertion direction I.

[0120] Furthermore, the connector 2 is provided with annular grooves 29, which are arranged between the base section 21 or base thread 211 and the shaft section 23, between the shaft section 23 and the annular collar 28, and between the annular collar 28 and the holding section 22 or holding thread 221. At the annular grooves 29, the connector 2 is tapered or constricted, so that a diameter of the connector 2 measured parallel to the radial direction R is smaller, at least at the bottom of the annular grooves 29, than the corresponding diameter of the sections of the connector 2 adjacent to the annular grooves 29.

[0121] Furthermore, an upper end section of the connector 2, which extends from the holding section 22 opposite to the insertion direction I, is formed as an engagement means 251, at which a torque acting about the central axis M can be transmitted to the connector 2 using a tool (not shown). A diameter of the engagement means 251 measured parallel to the radial direction R is smaller than a diameter of the holding thread 221 measured in the radial direction R. In the present example, the engagement means 251 has an outer contour on its outer circumference, which in the present embodiment is designed as a hexagon.

[0122] The prosthetic 220 is, for example, designed to be rotationally symmetrical to the central axis M and has an extension 224, a contact surface 225, a frustoconical transition section 227, a head part 228, and an engagement element 229. Alternatively, the prosthetic 220 can also be designed asymmetrically to the central axis M. The extension has a diameter measured parallel to the radial direction R, which is smaller than the diameter of the transition section 227, also measured parallel to the radial direction R, whereby the contact surface 225 pointing in the insertion direction I is formed between the extension 224 and the transition section 227. The engagement element 229 formed in the head part 228 is designed, for example, as a hexagon socket or, as in the present case, as a hexalobular socket and allows a torque acting about the central axis M to be transmitted to the prosthetic 220 with the aid of a tool (not shown).

[0123] The base body 230, like the base body 130, has a bore 231 in which an internal thread 232 (see Fig. 7 ). On the outer circumference, the base body 230, like the base body 130, is provided with an external thread 233. Also formed on the base body 230, like the base body 130, is a contact surface 234 facing opposite to the insertion direction I, which surrounds the bore 231 or its opening. An upper part of the bore 231 serves as a receptacle 235 for the extension 224 of the prosthesis 220.

[0124] Fig. 7shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the central axis M of the dental implant 200 in a pre-assembly state V. In the pre-assembly state V, the connector 2 is inserted into the base body 230, wherein the base section 21 with the base thread 211 is arranged in a lower region of the bore 231, where the internal thread 232 is formed. The shaft section 23 of the connector 2 is arranged above the internal thread 232 of the base body 230. There is as little or as little play as possible between the support surface 27 of the shaft section 23 and the inner circumference of the part of the bore 231 surrounding the shaft section 23, preferably hardly any or no play, for example by designing the shaft section 23 and bore 231 with a clearance fit or transition fit in this region.Thus, the shaft section 23 preferably supports the connector 2 in the bore 231 above the internal thread 232 all around, which helps to keep transverse forces acting in the radial direction R and bending moments away from the internal thread 232, so that essentially only normal forces acting in the direction of the central axis M occur there.

[0125] The annular collar 28 or the shoulder element 28a provided thereby rests on a counter-shoulder element 236 formed in the bore 231. The counter-shoulder element 236 is formed between the lower part of the bore 231 and the receptacle 235 and delimits the receptacle 235 in the insertion direction I. In other words, a diameter of the lower part of the bore 231 measured parallel to the radial direction R is smaller than a diameter of the receptacle 235 measured parallel to the radial direction R. The holding section 22 with the holding thread 221 is arranged completely within the receptacle 235. The engagement means 251 protrudes beyond the contact surface 234 out of the receptacle 235 counter to the insertion direction I and thus protrudes from the dental implant 200 in the pre-assembly state V, so that the engagement means 251 is arranged so that it is easily accessible for a tool.

[0126] Fig. 8shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the central axis of the dental implant 200 in a final assembly state E. The dental implant 200 is to be transferred from the pre-assembly state V to the final assembly state E by screwing the prosthetic 220 onto the connector 2 in the insertion direction I. For this purpose, the prosthetic 220 is provided with a blind hole-like recess 2101 arranged concentrically to the central axis M, analogous to the bore 231 of the base body 230. In a lower part of the recess 2101, which extends essentially in the insertion direction I along the extension 224, the recess 2101 is provided with a counter-retaining thread 2102, which is in engagement with the retaining thread 221. The engagement means 251 is received in the recess 2101 with a certain radial play relative to the recess 2101 and is enclosed therein by the head part 228.

[0127] In the final assembly state E, the contact surface 225 of the prosthetic 2 rests flush with the contact surface 234 of the base body 230, forming a seal. Consequently, the receptacle 235 is hermetically sealed. This ensures that the connector 2 does not come into contact with the gums or is shielded from the entire oral cavity. The extension 224 projects into the receptacle 235 in the insertion direction I, with preferably as little or no play as possible between an outer circumference of the extension 224 and an inner circumference of the receptacle 235, for example by designing the extension 224 and receptacle 235 with a clearance fit or transition fit in this area. In the radial direction R, a wall of the base body 230 forming the receptacle 235 overlaps with the prosthetic 220 and the connector 2, thereby forming a compact and highly stable assembly.A front side 240 pointing in the insertion direction I on the extension of the prosthesis 220 is formed on the extension 224 and arranged at a distance from the shoulder element 28b in the insertion direction I.

[0128] Fig. 9shows a schematic exploded view of an additional embodiment of a dental implant 300 according to the invention. Like the dental implant 200, the dental implant 300 comprises a connector 3, preferably made of a metal or a metal alloy, such as titanium or a titanium alloy, a prosthetic 320, preferably made of ceramic, such as zirconium oxide, here also in the form of a healing screw head, for example, and a base body 330, preferably also made of ceramic, such as zirconium oxide, which in the present example is shaped identically to the base body 230. The connector 3, the prosthetic 320, and the base body 330 are arranged concentrically to the central axis M of the dental implant 300. For the sake of brevity, the following mainly focuses on the differences between the dental implant 300 and the dental implant 200.

[0129] The connector 3 has a base section 31, a holding section 32, and a shaft section 33. A base thread 311 is formed on the base section 31 and is designed to be screwed into the base body 330 in the insertion direction I. A holding thread 321 is formed on the holding section 32, as in the abutment holding section 12, 12', 12", 22. The holding thread 321 is designed to be screwed into the prosthetic 320 opposite to the insertion direction I and to cooperate with the holding element 15, 15' (see Figures 3 and 4 ). The shaft section 33 is cylindrical and arranged rotationally symmetrically to the central axis M and thus offers a support surface 37 due to its cylindrical outer circumferential surface.

[0130] An annular collar 38 of the connector 3 is arranged between the holding section 32 and the shaft section 33, rotationally symmetrical to the central axis M, and is formed at least in sections as an engagement means 351. Similar to the engagement means 251 of the connector 2, the engagement means 351 has an outer contour designed to cooperate with a tool in order to transmit a torque to the connector 3 with the aid of the tool. The engagement means 351 is preferably designed as an external hexagon. A diameter of the annular collar 38 including the engagement means 351, measured parallel to the radial direction R, is larger than a diameter of the shaft section 33, also measured parallel to the radial direction R. The annular collar 38 thus projects beyond the shaft section 33 and therefore offers a shoulder element 38b pointing counter to the insertion direction I.

[0131] Furthermore, the connector 3 is provided with annular grooves 39, which are arranged between the base section 31 or base thread 311 and the shaft section 33, between the shaft section 33 and the annular collar 38, and between the annular collar 38 and the holding section 32 or holding thread 321. At the annular grooves 39, the connector 3 is tapered or constricted, so that a diameter of the connector 3 measured parallel to the radial direction R at the bottom of the annular grooves 39 is smaller than a diameter of the sections of the connector 3 adjacent to the annular grooves 39.

[0132] The prosthetic 320 is designed rotationally symmetrical to the central axis M and, similar to the prosthetic 220, has an extension 324, a contact surface 325, a truncated cone-shaped transition section 327, a head part 328 and an engagement element 329 (see Fig. 11). The extension 324 has a diameter measured parallel to the radial direction R, which is smaller than the diameter of the transition section 327, also measured parallel to the radial direction R, whereby the contact surface 325 pointing in the insertion direction I is formed between the extension 324 and the transition section 327. The engagement element 329 formed in the head part 328 is designed, for example, as a hexagon socket or, as in the present case, as a hexalobular socket and allows a torque acting about the central axis M to be transmitted to the prosthetic 320 with the aid of a tool (not shown). In contrast to the prosthetic 220, the prosthetic 330 has a specially shaped end face 340, which will be discussed in detail below.

[0133] The base body 330, like the base bodies 130 and 230, has a bore 331 in which an internal thread 332 (see Fig. 13) is formed. On the outer circumference, the base body 330, like the base bodies 130 and 230, is provided with an external thread 333. Also formed on the base body 330, like the base bodies 130 and 230, is a contact surface 334 facing opposite to the insertion direction I, which surrounds the bore 331. An upper part of the bore 331 serves as a receptacle 335 for the extension 324 of the prosthesis 320 (see Fig. 13 ).

[0134] Fig. 10 shows a detail IX of the Fig. 9 shown dental implant 300, in particular the end face 340 of the prosthetic 320. The end face 340 forms an annular edge around a recess 3101 of the prosthetic 320, which is designed similarly to the recess 2101 of the prosthetic 220 and is provided with a counter-retaining thread 3102. A toothing 341 is formed on the end face 340. The toothing 341 is formed from a plurality of teeth 342, which surround the recess 3101 in a ring-like manner.

[0135] The teeth 342 protrude from the end face 340 in the insertion direction I, similar to a so-called Hirth toothing. Tooth tips 343 of the teeth 342 form edges running essentially parallel to the radial direction R. The teeth 342 are inclined counter to a screwing direction S of the prosthetic 320, which runs clockwise around the central axis in a projection along the insertion direction I. Due to the inclination, the teeth 342 each have a flat tooth flank 344 pointing in the screwing direction S and a steep tooth flank 345 pointing counter to the screwing direction S.

[0136] Fig. 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along a central axis M of the Figs. 9 and 101 shows the dental implant 300 shown in a further pre-assembly state V'. In the further pre-assembly state V', the prosthetic 320 is screwed in the insertion direction I onto the retaining thread 321 of the retaining portion 32 of the connector 3 with the counter-retaining thread 3102 formed in its recess 3101. The end face 340 of the prosthetic 320 is brought into contact with the shoulder element 38b. A cavity 50 is formed in the region of the annular groove 39 arranged between the retaining portion 32 and the annular collar 38. The cavity 50 can, for example, be at least partially filled with an adhesive 51.

[0137] Fig. 12 shows a detail XI of the Figs. 9 to 11shown dental implant 300. Here it is clear that the teeth 342 displaced the material of the connector 3 when the prosthesis 320 was screwed onto the connector 3, thus creating a positive connection between the prosthesis 320 and the connector 3. Due to the inclination of the teeth 342 counter to the screwing direction S, this positive connection is particularly effective when torques about the central axis M act on the prosthesis 320 relative to the connector 3 counter to the screwing direction S, so that an intimate connection exists between the prosthesis 320 and the connector 3.

[0138] The flat tooth flanks 344 promote relative movement between the prosthetic 320 and the connector 3 when the prosthetic 320 is screwed on, when the end face 340 strikes the shoulder element 38b. The steep tooth flanks 345, which may, for example, run essentially parallel to the insertion direction I or even have an undercut, prevent the screw connection between the prosthetic 320 and the connector 3 from loosening by digging into the material of the connector 3 when attempting to rotate the prosthetic 320 relative to the screw direction S, thus inhibiting the relative rotation or, at best, locking the prosthetic 320 and the connector 3 against each other.

[0139] The adhesive 51 promotes an intimate connection between the prosthetic 320 and the connector 3 and can, for example, be applied to the retaining thread 321 and / or the counter-retaining thread 3102 and / or, as shown, arranged in the cavity 50. The toothing 341 and / or the adhesive 51 can thus be used according to the invention to connect the prosthetic 320 to the connector 3 with high strength or, if possible, indetachably. The toothing 341 and / or the adhesive 51 thus help to form a hybrid implant screw 4 that comprises at least one metallic component, such as the connector 3, and at least one ceramic component, such as the prosthetic 320.

[0140] Fig. 13 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the Figs. 9 to 12shown dental implant in a further final assembly state E'. In the final assembly state E', connector 3 and prosthesis 320 are inserted together or as a hybrid implant screw 4 into the base body 330. For insertion, the base section 31 with the base thread 311 of the connector 3 or the hybrid implant screw 4 is screwed into the internal thread 332 of the base body 330 using the engagement element 329 of the prosthesis for attaching a tool (not shown). The shaft section 33 of the connector 3 or the hybrid implant screw 4 is received in a section of the bore 331 arranged above the internal thread 332.

[0141] There is as little or as little play as possible between the support surface 37 of the shaft portion 33 and the inner circumference of the bore 331, preferably almost no play at all, for example by designing the shaft portion 33 and bore 331 with a clearance fit or transition fit in this area. Thus, the shaft portion 33 supports the connector 3 in the bore 331 above the internal thread 332, which helps to keep transverse forces acting in the radial direction R and bending moments away from the internal thread 332, so that essentially only normal forces acting along the central axis M occur there.

[0142] In the final assembly state E', the contact surface 325 of the prosthetic 320 rests flush with the contact surface 334 of the base body 330, thereby hermetically sealing the receptacle 335. This ensures that the connector 3 does not come into contact with the gums or is shielded from the entire oral cavity. The extension 324 projects into the receptacle 335 in the insertion direction I, wherein there is preferably as little or as little play as possible between an outer circumference of the extension 324 and an inner circumference of the receptacle 335, for example by designing the extension 324 and receptacle 335 with a clearance fit or transition fit in this area. In the radial direction R, a wall of the base body 330 forming the receptacle 335 overlaps with the prosthetic 320 and the connector 3, thereby forming a compact and highly stable assembly.By using prosthetics 320 and connector 3 as a hybrid implant screw 4, the dental implant 300 can be handled like a two-part dental implant. List of reference symbols

[0143] 1, 1', 1", 2, 3 Unit connector or connector 4 Hybrid implant screw 11, 11', 11", 21, 31 Base section 111, 111', 111", 211, 31 1 Base thread / lower external thread 12, 12', 12", 22, 32 Abutment holding section / holding section 121, 121', 121", 221, 32 1 Retaining thread / upper external thread 13, 13', 13", 23, 33 Shaft section 14 Bolt extension 14 1 Extension thread 100, 100', 200, 300 Dental implant 110 Tooth abutment 1101, 2101, 3101 Recess 2102, 3102 Counter-retaining thread 120, 120', 220, 320 Abutment / Prosthetic 1200, 1200' Through-hole 1201, 1201' Upper area of ​​the through-hole 1202 Lower area of ​​the through-hole 1203 Shoulder 124a, b, 224 Extension 125, 225 Contact surface 126 Positive element 130, 230, 330 Base body 131, 231, 331 Hole 132, 232, 332 Internal thread 133, 233, 333 External thread 134, 234, 334 Contact surface 135, 235, 335 Receptacle 236, 336 Counter-shoulder element 136Negative element 227, 327Transition section 228, 328Head part 229, 329Engaging element 240,340End face 341Serration 342Tooth 343Tooth tips 344Flat tooth flank 345Steep tooth flank 15, 15'Retaining element 151, 151', 251, 351Engaging means 152, 152'Internal thread 153Retaining surface 16Additional retaining element 161Engaging means 27, 37Support surface 28, 38Annular collar 28a, 28b, 38bShoulder element 29, 39Annular groove 50Cavity 51Adhesive EFinal assembly state ILing direction L 11 , L 11' Length of the base section L 12 , L 12' Length of the abutment holding section L 13 , L 13' Length of the shaft section L 14' Length of the bolt extension L 111 , L 111' Length of the first external thread L 112 , L 112' Length of the abutment holding section L 132 Length of the internal thread L 141 Length of the extension thread MCenter axis SScrew direction Rradial direction V, V'Pre-assembly state,

Claims

1. An implant screw (4) for an implant, particularly for a dental implant (100, 100', 200, 300), with a ceramic head part (228, 328) and with a non-ceramic base thread (111, 111', 111", 211, 311) that can be screwed into a base body (130, 230, 330) of a dental implant (100, 100', 200, 300), wherein the head part (228, 328) is provided with a recess (1101, 2101, 3101) in which at least in sections a connector (1, 1', 1", 2, 3) is received, on which the base thread (111, 111', 111", 211, 311) is formed, wherein a front side (240, 340), connected to the head part (228, 328), points in the direction of the base thread (111, 111', 111", 211, 311), characterized by, at least one tooth (342), formed on the front side (240, 340), on which a tooth tip (343), pointing away from the front side, is formed.

2. The implant screw (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that the head part (228, 328) is connected to the base thread (111, 111', 111", 211, 311) via a positive connection for transmitting a torque, acting about a central axis (M) of the implant screw (4).

3. The implant screw (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that in the recess (1101, 2101, 3101) a counter-holding thread (2102, 3102) for screwing the head part (228, 328) onto the connector (1, 1', 1", 2, 3) is disposed.

4. The implant screw (4) according to claim 3, characterized in that the counter-holding thread (2102, 3102) is assigned a toothing (341), connected to the head part (228, 328).

5. The implant screw (4) according to claim 4, characterized in that the toothing (341) surrounds the counter-holding thread (2102, 3102).

6. The implant screw (4) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the toothing (341) has flat tooth flanks (344) and / or steep tooth flanks (345), wherein the flat tooth flanks (344) point in a screwing direction (S) of the counter-holding thread (2102, 3102) or the steep tooth flanks (345) point against the screwing direction (S).

7. The implant screw (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that the front side (240, 340) is annular configured.

8. The implant screw according to at least one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the at least one tooth (342) forms the toothing (341) at least in sections.

9. The implant screw (4) according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the connector (1, 1', 1", 2, 3) has a holding section (12, 12', 12", 22, 32) on which a holding thread (121, 131, 131', 221, 321) is formed for screwing the head part (228, 328) onto the connector (1, 1', 1", 2, 3).

10. The implant screw (4) according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the connector (1, 1', 1", 2, 3) has an annular collar (28, 38) which at least partially points in the direction of the head part (228, 328).

11. The implant screw (4) according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one engagement means (151, 151', 251, 351) for attaching a tool for screwing in the connector (1, 1', 1", 2, 2') is formed on the annular collar (28,38).

12. The implant screw (4) according to at least one of the above claims, characterized in that at least one engagement element (229, 329) for attaching a tool for screwing in the implant screw (4) is formed on the head part (228, 328).

13. The implant screw (4) according to claim 12, characterized in that a cavity (29, 39, 50) is formed between the head part (228, 328) and the retaining thread (321).

14. The implant screw according to claim 13, wherein the cavity (29, 39, 50) is configured as an annular groove as an annular groove (29, 39).

15. The implant screw (4) according to at least one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the cavity (29, 39, 50) can be filled or is filled with an adhesive (500) in order to connect the head part to the retaining thread (321) via an adhesive connection.