Molded body comprising elastane incorporated into cellulose and manufacturing method

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a regenerated cellulosic molded body and a method for producing the molded body.

[0002] The invention relates to the technical field of reuse (recycling), in particular the reuse of starting materials containing cellulose. Furthermore, the invention particularly relates to the reuse of these starting materials for producing a molded article that also contains cellulose, in particular wherein the cellulose of the molded article is essentially in the form of lyocell fibers and / or viscose fibers.

[0003] Viscose fibers are synthetic fibers or regenerated fibers produced using a wet spinning process known as the viscose process. The raw material for the viscose process is cellulose, which is obtained from wood. From this raw material, wood, the high-purity cellulose is obtained in the form of chemical pulp. In successive process steps, the pulp is first treated with caustic soda, forming alkali cellulose. Subsequent reaction of this alkali cellulose with carbon disulfide forms cellulose xanthate. From this, further addition of caustic soda produces the viscose spinning solution, which is pumped through holes in shower-like spinnerets into a spinning bath. There, coagulation produces one viscose filament per spinneret hole. The viscose filaments produced in this way are then cut into viscose staple fibers.

[0004] Lyocell refers to a type of cellulose-containing regenerated fiber produced using a direct solvent process. The cellulose for the lyocell process is extracted from the raw material wood. The resulting pulp can then be dissolved in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO), a solvent, by removing water without chemical modification, filtered, and then pressed through spinnerets. The resulting filaments are precipitated in a bath containing an aqueous NMMO solution after passing through an air gap and then cut into staple fibers.

[0005] When materials are used as raw materials for the extraction of cellulose, the problem of the purity of these starting materials often arises. The starting materials are frequently contaminated with materials that are not typical of wood. In particular, today's used textiles (old clothes and / or leftovers from clothing production) are heavily contaminated with synthetic plastics. On the one hand, this is because they consist largely of plastics. On the other hand, however, because many used textiles nowadays consisting primarily of natural fibers are at least partially contaminated with plastic. When processing these recycled materials (textile recycling), various undesirable foreign substances such as the aforementioned synthetic plastics arise when a material cycle is closed. These must be removed during fiber production so that the technical / physical properties are sufficiently similar to those of a non-recycled fiber.Normally, such foreign substances, especially polyurethanes, are removed as completely as possible. To obtain the purest possible cellulose, these synthetic plastics must be depleted. However, the depletion of polyurethanes (e.g., elastane from stretchy sportswear) is particularly complex.

[0006] Another problem with using recycled materials such as used textiles for a lyocell and / or viscose process is that the celluloses recovered from used textiles typically have relatively short chain lengths. The recycled fibers then exhibit different properties than non-recycled fibers, which is usually undesirable.

[0007] WO 2015 / 049040 A1 discloses the production of a lyocell spinning solution, wherein thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) can be added to the spinning solution in order to produce so-called hybrid fibers.

[0008] It is an object of the present invention to produce cellulose products with specific properties in a resource-saving and sustainable manner.

[0009] This problem is solved by the subject matter according to the independent patent claims. Preferred embodiments are set forth in the dependent patent claims.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, a regenerated cellulosic molded article is provided which has elastane incorporated into the cellulose and which is produced by a lyocell process or a viscose process.

[0011] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a method for producing a cellulose-containing molded body is provided, the method comprising: i) providing a starting material which comprises cellulose and elastane, in particular wherein the elastane is present in the starting material separately from the cellulose, wherein the starting material is a solid, and ii) producing the cellulose-containing molded body, in particular by means of a lyocell process or a viscose process, based on the starting material such that the regenerated cellulosic molded body has at least a portion of the elastane of the starting material incorporated into the cellulose. In this case, the portion of the elastane of the starting material is incorporated into the regenerated cellulosic molded body.

[0012] For the purposes of this application, the term "cellulose" can be understood, in particular, as an organic compound that is a component of plant cell walls or can be produced synthetically. Cellulose is a polysaccharide (i.e., a complex sugar). Cellulose is unbranched and typically contains several hundred to tens of thousands of β-D-glucose molecules (β-1,4-glycosidic bond) or cellobiose units. Plants synthesize cellulose fibers from cellulose molecules in a controlled manner. Using a technical process, cellulose molecules can be combined to form regenerated fibers, for example, as tear-resistant fibers.

[0013] In the context of this application, the term "molded body" can be understood in particular as a two- or three-dimensional geometric body that is a result of a process for producing or recovering cellulose. In particular, a molded body can be understood as a two- or three-dimensional object that comprises or consists of cellulose and is produced from dissolved pulp. Molded bodies can in particular be lyocell molded bodies, viscose molded bodies, or modal molded bodies. Typical molded bodies are filaments, fibers, sponges, and / or films. In principle, all types of cellulose molded bodies are suitable for embodiments of the invention. Fibers are understood to include both continuous filaments and chopped staple fibers with conventional dimensions (e.g., 38 mm length) and short fibers.For the production of fibers, both processes with take-off devices downstream of one or more extrusion nozzles and other processes, in particular melt-blowing processes, are possible. As an alternative to fibers, a film containing cellulose can also be produced as a shaped body, i.e. a flat and essentially homogeneous film with or made of cellulose. Films can be produced in particular by adjusting the process parameters of a lyocell process so that coagulation is triggered at least partially only after the filaments have impacted a receiving surface. Films can be understood to mean flat cellulose molded bodies, wherein the thickness of these films can be adjusted (for example by selecting a number of serially arranged nozzle bars). Other embodiments of a shaped body are a woven fabric and a nonwoven fabric made of cellulose filaments ormade of cellulose fibers, in particular a spunbonded nonwoven fabric made of integrally fused ("merged"), essentially continuous cellulose filaments ("meltblown"). A woven fabric can be understood here in particular as a textile fabric made of at least two (preferably at right angles or almost at right angles) crossed thread systems (or fiber systems), wherein threads (or fibers) in the longitudinal direction can be referred to as warp threads and threads (or fibers) in the transverse direction can be referred to as weft threads. A fleece or nonwoven can be referred to as a disordered (in particular randomly arranged) structure made of filaments or fibers or cut yarns of limited length, which are joined together to form a fiber layer or fiber web and are bonded together (in particular by friction). A shaped body can also be created in the shape of a sphere. Cellulose-containing particles, such as in particular beads (i.e.A granulate or beads) or flakes can be provided, which can be further processed in this form. Possible cellulose moldings also include particulate structures such as granules, spherical powders, or fibrids. Shaping a molding is preferably carried out by extruding a cellulose-containing spinning solution through an extrusion die, since this allows large quantities of the cellulose moldings with a very uniform shape to be produced. Another possible cellulose molding is a sponge or, more generally, a porous molding. According to exemplary embodiments, the moldings mentioned can be used, for example, for the production of yarns, textiles, gels, or composite materials.

[0014] In the context of this application, the term "cellulose source" can be understood to mean, in particular, a medium (especially a solid-state medium) that provides the cellulose material used as a basis for producing a cellulose-containing molded body during a corresponding manufacturing process. One example is wood or wood pulp.

[0015] In the context of this application, the term "Lyocell process" can be understood in particular as a process for producing cellulose using a direct solvent process. The cellulose for the Lyocell process can be obtained from a starting material containing this cellulose. In the Lyocell process, the starting material can be dissolved in a suitable solvent (in particular containing tertiary amine oxides such as N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) and / or ionic liquids, i.e., low-melting salts composed of cations and anions). Dissolution can occur in particular by removing water and / or without chemical modification. The resulting solution, which can also be referred to as dope or spinning solution, can then be forced through one or more spinnerets in the Lyocell process.Filaments formed in this way can be precipitated during and / or after their free or controlled fall through an air gap in a water-containing bath (in particular in a bath with aqueous NMMO solution) and / or atmospheric moisture present in the air gap.

[0016] In the context of this application, the term "viscose process" can be understood, in particular, as a process for producing cellulose using a wet spinning process. The cellulose for the viscose process can be obtained from a starting material (especially wood or wood pulp) containing this cellulose. In successive process steps, the starting material in the viscose process can first be treated with a base (e.g., sodium hydroxide solution), forming alkali cellulose. Subsequent reaction of this alkali cellulose with carbon disulfide forms cellulose xanthate. From this, a viscose spinning solution can be produced by further addition of a base (especially sodium hydroxide solution), which can be forced through one or more spinnerets. Viscose filaments are formed by coagulation in a spinning bath.

[0017] In the context of this application, the term "remains from clothing production" can be understood in particular as waste and / or offcuts of a textile or yarn containing or consisting of cellulose, whereby these remnants arise during a process for manufacturing clothing. In the manufacture of clothing, for example, a textile containing cellulose is produced as a starting material, from which flat pieces (for example, in the form of a T-shirt half) are then cut out. What remains are remnants that, according to an exemplary embodiment, can be fed back into a process for producing a molded article containing cellulose. Remains from clothing production can therefore be a starting material containing cellulose or consisting of cellulose, which can be used to recover cellulose before a consumer has used the remnants as clothing or in another way.Residues from clothing production may in particular be formed from essentially pure cellulose, in particular without separate and non-cellulose-containing foreign bodies (such as buttons, textile prints or seams).

[0018] For the purposes of this application, the term "old clothing" can be understood, in particular, to refer to cellulose-containing garments that have already been used (in particular, worn) by a consumer upon recovery of at least part of the cellulose. Old clothing can therefore be a cellulose-containing starting material that may (but does not necessarily have to) contain significant amounts of foreign substances and can be used to recover cellulose after a consumer has used the old clothing as clothing or in another way. Old clothing can, in particular, be formed from a mixture of cellulose and one or more foreign substances, in particular comprising synthetic plastic (such as polyester and / or elastane, which is particularly frequently used in clothing) and / or separate, non-cellulose-containing foreign bodies (such as buttons, textile prints, or seams).Polyester refers in particular to polymers with ester functions (R-[-CO-O-]-R) in their main chain. Polyesters include polycarbonates and polyethylene terephthalate. Elastane refers in particular to a stretchable chemical fiber with high elasticity. A block copolymer based on elastane can contain a polyurethane mass fraction of at least 85%.

[0019] In the context of this application, the term "synthetic plastic" can be understood, in particular, as a substance composed of macromolecules and produced synthetically. The respective macromolecules of a plastic are polymers and are therefore composed of repeating basic units (repeating units). The size of the macromolecules of a polymer can vary from a few thousand to over a million basic units. For example, the polymer polyethylene (PE) consists of interconnected, repeatedly repeating ethylene units. The polymers can be unbranched, branched, or cross-linked molecules. Plastics can essentially be divided into three groups based on their physical properties: thermoplastics, thermosets, and elastomers. Furthermore, these properties can also be combined in subgroups, e.g., in thermoplastic elastomers.Important characteristics of plastics are their technical properties, such as formability, hardness, elasticity, fracture strength, temperature and heat resistance, and chemical resistance, which can be varied within wide limits by the choice of macromolecules, manufacturing processes, and, usually, by the addition of additives. Typical reactions for producing synthetic plastics from monomers or prepolymers are chain polymerization, polyaddition, or polycondensation.

[0020] Examples of synthetic plastics, which are also used in textiles, are polyurethane (PUR), in particular in elastane, polyester (PE, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), polyamide (PA, e.g. nylon, Perlon) and polyether, in particular polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a component of elastane.

[0021] In the context of this application, the term "elastane" can be understood in particular as a synthetic plastic that has thermoplastic and elastic properties. Elastane can therefore be referred to as a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). Elastane can exist as a block copolymer, which is characterized in particular by the following two blocks: polyurethane (PUR) and polyethylene glycol ether (PEG). The PUR segments can form stiff sections that alternate with soft, elastic (PEG) sections. PUR can form stiff, stretched sections that are arranged lengthwise to one another and, through the development of secondary valence forces, enable the cohesion of, for example, a fiber. The rubber-like PEG blocks (e.g., each containing approximately 40 to 50 monomer units), on the other hand, can be tightly coiled, although they can also be stretched. In this case, elastane can exist as a crimped structure with very high extensibility (several 100%, e.g.,700%). The density can be between 1.1 and 1.3 g / cm³, for example, and the strength can be between 5 and 12 cN / tex, for example. The elasticity can be temperature-dependent. Furthermore, the term "elastane" can refer to both elastane itself and related thermoplastic elastomers (e.g., Elastollan, Desmopan, Texin, and Utechllan).

[0022] In the context of this application, the term "present separately" can be understood in particular to mean that a substance is not incorporated into another substance. For example, cellulose fibers are present in a starting material, and elastane is also present in the starting material. In this case, the elastane can be incorporated into the cellulose fibers. Furthermore, the elastane can also be present separately from the cellulose fibers. In this case, the elastane is a component of the starting material but is not integrated into the cellulose fibers.

[0023] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, it was surprisingly discovered that, through targeted control of residual concentrations during reuse (including the recycling process or the processing of the starting material), new properties can be achieved in a (lyocell) molded article to be produced or its textile derivatives. This functionalization of residual components from the starting material, which are based on thermoplastic elastomers such as elastane, surprisingly allows for efficient compensation of (negative) property changes that can arise, in particular, from the proportion of recycled cellulose fibers in a (lyocell) molded article to be produced.

[0024] In particular, a targeted proportion of residual polymers, especially elastane, can compensate for the strength values ​​that would previously have been significantly reduced by the addition of recycled (short-chain) cellulose. It is possible that strength can be increased by a higher proportion of elastane and decreased by a higher proportion of recycled cellulose.

[0025] Surprisingly, elastane exhibits no incompatibilities even at atypically high concentrations within a lyocell or viscose process. On the contrary, in interaction with cellulose, a strong affinity between the hydrophilic PEG segments of elastane and the hydrophilic hydroxyl and ether structures of cellulose can result. This is reinforced by a strong tendency to form hydrogen bonds between the two polymers. Elastane incorporated into cellulose fibers therefore exhibits no incompatibilities. The elastane incorporated into cellulose fibers can thus contribute to the functionalization of the molded article being produced. Such functionalization of plastic residues, particularly in a lyocell or viscose process, is unknown to date. Thus, the extensibility or elasticity of a molded article, especially of a fiber, can be increased by incorporating elastane.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the elastane is processable and does not require expensive or laborious separation. Instead, it can be processed without additional effort (e.g., in a lyocell / viscose process) and incorporated into fibers. There, the plastic does not impose any negative properties, but rather improves fiber extensibility or elasticity.

[0027] In summary, the fact is exploited that actually undesirable components of solid raw materials such as synthetic plastics, especially elastane, do not have to be laboriously depleted in the context of cellulose recycling, but on the contrary, as an additive, they can even provide positive properties and corresponding advantages such as improved extensibility or elasticity.

[0028] Additional embodiments of the molded body and the method are described below.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the regenerated cellulosic molded body comprises at least 0.01%, in particular at least 0.1%, further in particular 1%, polyurethane, with at least 10% of the polyurethane being elastane. This has the advantage that polyurethane no longer needs to be depleted particularly cleanly, which can be quite challenging from a technical perspective.

[0030] Instead, polyurethane can remain in the raw material, eliminating the need for complex and costly depletion processes. By combining at least part of the polyurethane with elastane, even further advantages can be achieved, such as improved stretchability, elasticity, or strength values ​​of the fibers being produced.

[0031] According to another embodiment, the regenerated cellulosic molded body contains 0.1% to 5% elastane. This has the advantage that otherwise unavoidable negative strength reductions when reusing cellulose fibers can be compensated for particularly efficiently.

[0032] Surprisingly, it has been found that up to approximately 5% elastane content in (Lyocell) molded articles (e.g., fibers) no significant negative change in the (fiber) properties can be observed. Instead, extensibility, elasticity, and strength values ​​can be improved, which can be quite desirable.

[0033] According to a further embodiment, the regenerated cellulosic molded body further comprises at least one further synthetic plastic, in particular less than 2%, from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, and polyether. This has the advantage that the technically complex and cost-intensive depletion of a further synthetic plastic is at least partially eliminated. Instead, the presence of at least one further synthetic plastic can even advantageously influence or control the properties of the fiber to be produced. A proportion of less than 2% can be particularly advantageous in this case to ensure good integration of a further synthetic plastic into the cellulose fibers.

[0034] According to a further embodiment, at least a portion of the further synthetic plastic exhibits at least one compatibility, which is at least one from the group consisting of ester compatibility, amide compatibility, and ether compatibility. This has the advantage that the at least one further synthetic plastic (e.g., one or more typical fiber polymers, in particular fiber polyesters) can be used directly from starting materials, such as textiles, and can be efficiently incorporated.

[0035] Compatibility can be understood, in particular, as the compatibility of two chemical (functional) groups with each other. For example, there is a strong affinity between hydrophilic PEG segments of elastane and hydrophilic hydroxyl and ether structures of cellulose. In this case, the elastane exhibits cellulose compatibility, and the cellulose exhibits ether compatibility. Compatibility can also be described as the integration of chemical groups with each other.

[0036] Small amounts (e.g., less than 2%) of polyamides and polyesters can be incorporated into the recycling process to achieve good integration. This is a significant advantage in a recycling process, as the at least partial removal of other synthetic polymers can be disproportionately complex. The other synthetic plastics mentioned above can be very common and widespread in raw materials such as textiles. Therefore, the acceptance of small residual amounts represents a significant simplification of the recycling process.

[0037] Without being bound to a specific theory, the good integration behavior of the other synthetic plastic can be described by a compatibility between elastane, cellulose, and another synthetic plastic such as polyamide or polyester. The polyurethane (PUR) portion of elastane is of particular interest here, because PUR can function as both a polyester and a polyamide simultaneously. The repeating unit of PUR can be written as R1-NH-CO-O-R2, thus having an ester bond (CO-O-R2) and an amide bond (R1-NH-CO). As already described above, the PEG portion in elastane, due to its typical ether structure, is responsible for the good compatibility with the glycan ether bonds of cellulose. Thus, good homogenization / mixing takes place between the substances. According to one embodiment, a corresponding integration process can also strongly depend on the temperature of the respective process.The described compatibilities can also be applied, for example, to the embodiments described below.

[0038] The amide compatibility of elastane can make it possible to incorporate typical fiber polyamides (e.g. PA6, PA6.6 or PA6.10) from starting materials such as textiles.

[0039] Furthermore, the ester compatibility of elastane can make it possible to incorporate typical fiber polyesters (e.g. PET) from raw materials such as textiles.

[0040] The ether structure of elastane can lead to a high degree of homogenization in a spinning solution prior to a spinning process in a lyocell or viscose process, thus resulting in very good mixing. This is especially true on a chemical level, as the compatibility of the ether structure of elastane is very similar to the ether structure of cellulose.

[0041] According to a further embodiment, the additional synthetic plastic is at least partially incorporated into the cellulose. This has the advantage that the additional synthetic plastic, together with elastane, can act directly within the fiber to advantageously influence its properties. For example, the strength of the fiber can be increased. Furthermore, the fibrillation effect can be reduced if the additional synthetic plastic also acts like a hot-melt adhesive. Fibrillation can be understood, in particular, as the locally limited separation of fibrillar elements along the fiber axis. This is particularly true when the fiber is exposed to mechanical stress and moisture simultaneously.

[0042] According to a further embodiment, the regenerated cellulosic molded body has at least one of the features described below.

[0043] The regenerated cellulosic molded body is selected from the group comprising a filament, fibers, a film, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a (micro)sphere, beads and a sponge.

[0044] The regenerated cellulosic molded article exhibits a fiber extensibility that is at least 10%, particularly at least 20%, higher than the fiber extensibility of a conventional lyocell fiber. Regarding the fiber extensibility of the regenerated cellulosic molded article, it has been found that it increases by up to 20% (depending on the elastane content) compared to a standard lyocell fiber.

[0045] The regenerated cellulosic molded body exhibits strength values ​​comparable to those of a standard lyocell fiber. Average fiber data for a standard lyocell fiber (e.g., TENCEL ® ) can be as follows: Maximum tensile strength, conditioned (FFk): 40.2 cN / dtex; maximum tensile strength, wet (FFn): 37.5 cN / dtex; maximum tensile elongation, conditioned (FDk): 13.0%; maximum tensile elongation, wet (FDn): 18.4% (Source: Lenzinger Reports 87 (2009) 98-105, Table 1). The maximum tensile strength (FFk) can therefore be in the range of 35 to 45 cN / dtex, particularly 38 to 42 cN / dtex; and the maximum tensile strength, wet (FFn) in the range of 32 to 42 cN / dtex, particularly 35 to 40 cN / dtex. Maximum elongation (FDk) can be in the range 10 to 15% and maximum tensile strength wet (FDn) in the range 16 to 20%.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the proportion of synthetic plastic (elastane, optionally with additional proportions of, for example, PET, PUR, and PA) can be present in a specific concentration. This can lead to a particularly homogeneous distribution in a spinning solution, so that the plastic is evenly distributed in the (lyocell) molded body to be produced during the spinning process. In this way, specific fiber properties can be controlled or influenced accordingly.

[0047] The regenerated cellulosic molded body also exhibits a reduced tendency to fibrillation compared to a conventional lyocell fiber. This surprisingly low fibrillation tendency can be explained by the fact that incorporated residual plastics such as elastane, acting as a separating (at least partially amorphous) sliding layer, support the sliding of the individual crystalline cellulose strands and also control the transverse adhesion among the cellulose strands. This can inhibit the delamination typical of fibrillation.

[0048] According to a further embodiment, the regenerated cellulosic molded body contains a proportion of synthetic plastic, at least 0.1% of which originates from the starting material. This has the advantage that the molded body can be produced in a particularly resource-efficient manner. The synthetic plastic in the molded body can originate entirely or at least partially from the starting material. Thus, essentially no addition of additional plastic is necessary. Furthermore, a complex process of removing the plastic from the starting material can be at least partially dispensed with.

[0049] According to a further embodiment, the starting material can comprise, in whole or in part, residues from clothing production and / or used clothing (for example, blended textiles). In other words, textiles, in particular residues from clothing production and / or used clothing, can be used as at least part of the starting material. Particular preference is given to using residues from clothing production, since such offcuts or rejects often have a very high cellulose content and thus a high degree of purity. In particular, such a pre-consumer textile can be free of foreign bodies such as buttons, seams, or textile printing. For example, residues from clothing production can essentially comprise woven (and optionally dyed) cellulose, so that such residues can, if necessary, also be directly dissolved in order to recover cellulose therefrom using the Lyocell process.In the case of used clothing or post-consumer textiles, larger foreign matter such as buttons, prints, and seams can be removed during or after mechanical shredding. Other foreign matter in the remnants or used clothing, such as dyes and synthetic plastics (such as polyester and elastane), can be completely or partially removed before dissolving a corresponding raw material to form the dope or spinning solution, but can also remain completely or partially in the spinning solution.

[0050] According to a further embodiment, the method further comprises: i) dissolving the starting material in a solvent by means of a direct dissolution process, in particular in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide, NMMO, to obtain a spinning solution, and ii) extruding the spinning solution through spinneret orifices, in particular at less than 150°C, such that at least partial incorporation of synthetic plastic, in particular elastane, into the cellulose is enabled. This has the advantage that a proven and established process can be directly applied to realize a particularly efficient incorporation of synthetic plastic into cellulose.

[0051] In principle, plastics can be used to improve the strength of fibers. However, temperatures of at least 250°C are necessary to melt the plastic, especially a thermoplastic. In a lyocell or viscose process, however, mechanical stretching occurs during the extrusion of spinning solution through spinneret openings, resulting in very strong deformation in the longitudinal direction. The massive longitudinal orientation achieved by the spinning process can also be transferred to elastane and other synthetic plastics present in the spinning solution. The elongated components, particularly the PEG component of elastane, thus represent a good basis for embedding cellulose, which is also present in the spinning solution and precipitates essentially at the same time as the synthetic plastic.In this way, plastics can be efficiently incorporated into fibers at temperatures below 150°C (the temperature used in the Lyocell process). The synthetic plastic, especially elastane, is processable and does not require expensive / complicated separation. Instead, it can be processed without additional effort in a Lyocell process and incorporated into the fiber. There, the plastic does not impose any negative properties, but rather improves the fiber's extensibility and elasticity.

[0052] Controlled processing of the starting material(s) can ensure that other synthetic plastics such as PUR, PA, PET, and PE remain in a suitable concentration in a lyocell or viscose process. With a suitable concentration, the plastic components in the spinning solution can behave similarly to a fiber-thermoplastic composite system.

[0053] At higher temperatures, the thermoplastic effect of elastane can be utilized, provided the cellulose fiber contains the appropriate elastane content. This leads, figuratively speaking, to a certain controllable stickiness within the fiber, which can be used for thermoplastic adhesive effects.

[0054] According to a further embodiment, the method further comprises introducing into the spinning solution at least one substance from the group consisting of cellulose fibers, foreign materials, hemicellulose, pulp, and short-chain cellulose fibers. This has the advantage that the properties of the molded body to be produced can be specifically controlled or influenced.

[0055] In a lyocell process, cellulose-reinforced lyocell fibers can be produced by leaving an excess of cellulose fibers in the spinning solution of the NMMO-water mixture, in addition to the saturation with cellulose, and spinning them together. This can further improve the strength of the resulting lyocell fiber through the effect of "fiber reinforcement within the fiber." This can also make it possible to compensate for other strength-reducing effects caused by raw materials such as textiles. In this way, for example, i) impurities that are hardly soluble in NMMO and are already present as fibers in used textiles are used; ii) other strength-reducing sugars such as hemicellulose are incorporated; and iii) cellulose fiber components with short chain lengths are used in larger quantities.

[0056] This also allows foreign fibers and materials to be incorporated into the lyocell fiber, which do not have any reinforcing properties but rather reduce strength.

[0057] For example, short chain lengths normally lead to a reduction in strength. Through the aforementioned compensation with elastomers and optionally other synthetic polymers, a strength close to that of a non-recycled cellulose fiber can be achieved despite a high proportion of short-chain cellulose. In particular, multiple passage through a material cycle results in a fundamental reduction in chain lengths. External influences (sunlight, washing, aging, chemicals) during the previous production, use, and disposal cycle break up corresponding cellulose chains, which can generally lead to shorter chain lengths in a molded article.

[0058] The term "hemicellulose" can be understood as a collective term for mixtures of polysaccharides (complex sugars) of varying composition found in plant biomass. The most common monomers (monosaccharides, simple sugars) are pentoses, such as xylose and mannose.

[0059] According to a further embodiment, the starting material comprises at least one additional synthetic plastic from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, and polyether. This has the advantage that the technically complex and costly removal of an additional plastic is at least partially eliminated. Instead, the presence of at least one additional synthetic plastic can even advantageously influence or control the properties of the fiber to be produced.

[0060] According to a further embodiment, the method further comprises: at least partially retaining a first additional synthetic plastic, in particular one from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, and polyether, from the starting material for producing the cellulose-containing molded body such that the first additional synthetic plastic is substantially contained in the cellulose-containing molded body. This likewise has the advantage that the technically complex and cost-intensive depletion of a further plastic is at least partially eliminated. Instead, the presence of at least one further synthetic plastic can even advantageously influence or control the properties of the fiber to be produced.

[0061] Additionally or alternatively, the method further comprises: removal, in particular complete removal, further in particular selective removal (selective depletion), of a second additional synthetic plastic, in particular one from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide and polyether, from the starting material in such a way that the second additional synthetic plastic is substantially not contained in the molded body comprising cellulose. This has the advantage that the desired proportions of plastics, e.g. PET and PUR, can be adjusted particularly well (in a targeted manner). In this case, the first and the second additional synthetic plastic can be the same. Likewise, the first and the second additional synthetic plastic can be different.

[0062] A recycled (lyocell) molded article produced in this way can exhibit properties very similar to those of a non-recycled cellulose fiber. In particular, by adding recycled lyocell fabric, the properties can be brought even closer to those of non-recycled lyocell fibers, so that a difference is barely detectable by measurement.

[0063] According to a further embodiment, the method further comprises: i) supplying at least one further starting material comprising cellulose and at least one synthetic plastic, in particular a synthetic plastic from the group consisting of elastane, polyester, polyamide, polyether, and polyurethane, wherein the proportion of synthetic plastic in the starting material and the further starting material is different, and ii) producing the cellulose-containing molded body based on the starting material and the further starting material such that the regenerated cellulosic molded body has at least one predetermined property. This has the advantage that the desired proportions of synthetic plastic can be adjusted or influenced accordingly essentially without the additional use of chemical processes.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, residual amounts of synthetic plastic contained in starting materials are adjusted to a specific amount. The regenerated cellulosic molded body produced after adding several specific starting materials can then exhibit desired plastic concentrations or compositions and correspondingly specific chemical / physical properties. These can, for example, be properties corresponding to those of a non-recycled lyocell fiber.

[0065] In particular, by mixing different compositions of raw materials such as old clothes and / or residues from clothing production, a specific property, e.g. the concentration of elastane and optionally at least one other synthetic plastic, can be adjusted and thus the subsequent use and / or functionalization can be specifically controlled.

[0066] In another preferred embodiment, various starting materials of differing compositions are mixed to achieve the desired proportions of the different plastics. This chemical-reduced / chemical-free version (achieved solely by mixing starting materials) can be considered particularly advantageous in terms of resource consumption and ecological aspects.

[0067] According to one embodiment, the process may include post-processing the precipitated cellulose to obtain the molded body from the preform of the molded body. Such optional post-processing may include, for example, drying, impregnating, and / or reshaping the resulting cellulose filaments. By appropriate post-processing, it is possible to complete the molded body production at the end of the lyocell process in an application-specific manner.

[0068] According to one embodiment, fibers of the starting material and / or fibers of the molded body may have a smooth, round outer surface. As in Figure 3 As shown, cellulose fibers extracted by the Lyocell process are characterized by such a shape and therefore stand out from other fiber forms such as those found in natural cotton or obtained by a viscose process.

[0069] The molded articles produced according to the invention can be used, for example, as packaging material, fiber material, textile composites, fiber composites, fiber nonwovens, needle felts, upholstery wadding, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, as home textiles such as bed linen, as clothing, as filler, flocking material, hospital textiles such as underpads, diapers, or mattresses, as material for thermal blankets, shoe insoles, and wound dressings. Embodiments of the invention can be used in a wide variety of technical fields, as well as in medicine, cosmetics, and wellness. In medicine, for example, materials for wound treatment and wound healing can be composed of a carrier that determines the mechanical properties and a biocompatible coating material that is particularly compatible with the skin and the wound surface. Numerous other applications are possible.

[0070] In the following, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the following figures.

[0071] Figure 1 shows a flow chart of a method for producing a regenerated cellulosic molded body according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

[0072] Figure 2 shows an apparatus for producing a regenerated cellulosic molded body by means of a lyocell process according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

[0073] Figure 3 shows a cellulose fiber produced using a lyocell process.

[0074] Figure 4 shows a cellulose fiber produced using a viscose process.

[0075] Figure 5 shows a natural cellulose fiber from a cotton plant.

[0076] The same or similar components in different figures are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0077] Before exemplary embodiments are described with reference to the figures, some basic considerations will be summarized on the basis of which exemplary embodiments of the invention have been derived.

[0078] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, residual polymers from starting materials are used as adhesion promoters between cellulose fibers or as thermoplastic property enhancers within a lyocell molded body. They remain essentially inert until the completion of a specific step in the production process. In particular, subsequent stiffening of a fabric using heat (similar to hot melt adhesive) can be achieved (e.g., non-iron shirts, pleating, etc.). To produce fabrics with the property of high dimensional stability (e.g., non-iron), a complex process is usually used. This can, for example, be a combination of very complex chemical processes, such as treatment with liquid ammonia. This keeps the shirt looking like new for a long time. So-called "moist crosslinking" is also possible, in which an elastic bridge is built between the molecules of cotton cellulose.This bridge pulls the fabric back into shape after washing. However, wet curing with synthetic resins requires very precise processing.

[0079] However, by specifically controlling the proportion of residual polymers (e.g. polyurethanes from elastane of used textiles), according to one embodiment, a certain thermoplasticity can be achieved in a lyocell fiber, which returns the corresponding proportion of residual polymers from a starting material via the depletion process, according to one embodiment of the invention, via a lyocell process back into a lyocell molded body.

[0080] According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the thermoplastic properties of residual polyurethane, in particular thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), are utilized. The different properties of this group of materials regarding the hard and soft phases, as well as their varying degrees of crystallization, can be incorporated as an additional factor in the functionalization of residual plastics by controlling the processing time and processing temperature (i.e., the residence time in the spinning solution and the temperature). The following properties can be combined: i) Highly crystalline and, on the other hand, transparent TPUs complement each other in the application fields, resulting in a wide range of possible applications and a high degree of material variation; ii) A soft phase coupled to methylenediphenyl isocyanate (MDI) consists, on the one hand, of polyesterdiols with molecular weights between 1000 and 2000 g / mol based on adipic acid, or it consists of pure polycaprolactone. Polyetherdiols made from tetrahydrofuran or C2, C3 glycols are also possible.

[0081] Depending on the application, a decision can now be made as to which soft phase is suitable. Two key aspects are the oxidation sensitivity of the ether TPU and the hydrolysis susceptibility of the ester TPU.

[0082] In organic chemistry, the reaction of an ether with oxygen to form hydroperoxide and alcohol is known. In the case of polymers, this reaction leads to chain rupture, i.e., a reduction in molecular weight. This necessitates the stabilization of polyether types with appropriate anti-aging agents (e.g., hindered phenols) to significantly increase their service life. Comparing ether and ester TPUs in air aging at 100°C over time, the superior resistance of the polyester becomes very clear. The decrease in tensile strength over storage time was measured.

[0083] In contrast, an ether TPU is characterized by good resistance to hydrolytic and microbial degradation. Therefore, extreme outdoor applications are suitable for polyether grades. In areas exposed to high levels of light, additional stabilization against UV light damage is possible.

[0084] Based on the above discussion, it is possible to advance into the realm of soft TPU without plasticizers. This has not been achieved successfully so far because reducing the hard phase content not only makes the TPU softer but also more plastic, and after thermoplastic processing, it recrystallizes far too slowly to produce finished parts in a reasonable time. Another effect is also noticeable: the slow crystallization of the short hard phase blocks. If the hard phase content is significantly reduced, the crystallizing blocks also become noticeably shorter. This reduces the melting temperature, but also the recrystallization rate. This slow crystallization also causes a gradual post-hardening of the material after processing.

[0085] Since the corresponding detailed material parameters for a supplied raw material of unknown origin are often unknown, a universality for the majority of recycled PUR can be achieved by dynamically adjusting the described processing parameters (time and temperature) in the spinning solution, resulting in the desired material properties. Alternatively, process stability can be adjusted (possibly even dynamically within a continuous process) for different variants of PUR in the raw recyclate by appropriately varying the proportions, without compromising the material parameters of the resulting lyocell molded body.

[0086] Figure 1 shows a flow chart 50 of a method for producing a regenerated cellulosic molded body 102 (cf. Figure 2 ) according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

[0087] The starting material 110 (compare Figure 2 ) contains cellulose and elastane, optionally other synthetic plastics, and is in the form of old clothes and / or leftovers from clothing production.

[0088] As illustrated by block 60, a feedstock 110 produced in this way, in the case of used clothing, can be used by a consumer, for example, as a garment. If the consumer disposes of the garment, it can be used as post-consumer feedstock 110 for a subsequent lyocell or viscose process, the former of which is described in more detail below.

[0089] Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible to use a pre-consumer starting material 110 containing cellulose, for example offcuts from clothing production.

[0090] In the following, it is described how, based on the starting material 110, which at least partially comprises cellulose, shaped bodies 102 made of cellulose can be produced according to an embodiment of the invention. For this purpose, the starting material 110 is fed to an apparatus 100 (see Figure 2 ) for carrying out a lyocell process, see reference number 78.

[0091] There, the starting material 110 can first be mechanically shredded 62. This allows large non-cellulosic contaminants, such as buttons, seams, and prints from old clothing that were at least partially used to produce the starting material 110, to be removed from the starting material 110. For example, the mechanical shredding 62 can separate the starting material 110 into individual fibers.

[0092] It is also possible (see block 64) to use the cellulose-containing starting material 110 together with other cellulose-containing materials for the subsequent lyocell process. Thus, the starting material 110 can be mixed with another starting material comprising cellulose and at least one synthetic plastic (see block 64). This additional starting material has a proportion of synthetic plastics that differs from the proportion of synthetic plastic in the starting material 110. The production of the regenerated cellulosic molded body can now be carried out based on the starting material 110 and the additional starting material, such that the regenerated cellulosic molded body 102 contains a predetermined proportion of synthetic plastic. Alternatively or additionally, the additional starting material can also comprise, for example, residues from clothing production.

[0093] Immediately after mechanical comminution 62 or immediately after mixing 64, direct dissolution 68 of the (pure or mixed) starting material 110 in another solvent 116 (for example, tertiary amine oxides such as N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO)) can advantageously be carried out without chemical pretreatment. More precisely, the mechanically comminuted (and optionally mixed) starting material 110 can be directly dissolved, in particular without chemical cleaning and without adjusting the viscosity. In this way, the manufacturing or recycling process can be carried out exceptionally simply, quickly, and in an environmentally friendly manner. Surprisingly, it has been found that after mechanical comminution 62, elastane (but also other synthetic plastics) remaining in the starting material 110 does not interfere with the lyocell process and does not negatively affect the quality of the recovered lyocell cellulose.On the contrary, certain amounts of elastane can remain in the produced cellulose fibers without impairing their properties, but can even improve them. Even certain amounts of remaining polyester do not impair the resulting product.

[0094] Alternatively, the process may include an optional chemical cleaning 66 of the starting material 110 after mechanical comminution 62 (or after mixing 64) and before dissolution 68. Such optional cleaning 66 may, for example, include at least partial removal of dyes by bleaching. This makes it possible to completely or partially decolorize the starting material 110 before subsequent dissolution 68 of the starting material 110 in solvent 116, for example, to produce white or gray molded bodies 102. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible for the starting material 110 (before or after its dissolution 68) to be at least partially freed of crosslinking agents that crosslink fibers of the starting material 110 during the optional chemical cleaning 66.In applications where such crosslinkers are present between the fibers of the starting material 110, the starting material 110 can be completely or partially freed of these crosslinkers, for example, by means of an alkaline or acidic pretreatment. This further improves the solubility of the starting material 110. By means of cleaning 66, at least a portion of the synthetic plastic can optionally be removed, if desired. For example, the proportion of synthetic plastic in the molded body 102 to be produced can be adjusted or influenced in this way.

[0095] After dissolving 68 the starting material 110 in solvent (preferably NMMO), the resulting lyocell spinning solution 104 can be pressed through one or more spinnerets, producing threads or filaments of honey-like viscosity (see block 70 concerning this spinning).

[0096] During and / or after the falling of these threads or filaments, they are brought into active contact with an aqueous medium and thereby diluted. The concentration of the solvent 116 of the threads or filaments is thereby reduced in an aqueous mist or an aqueous liquid bath to such an extent that the lyocell spinning solution is converted into a solid phase of cellulose filaments. In other words, the cellulose filaments precipitate, fall out, or coagulate, see reference numeral 72. This results in a preform of the molded body 102.

[0097] The production 80 of the molded body 102 comprising regenerated cellulose and elastane incorporated in cellulose, in particular the dissolving 68, the spinning 70 and the subsequent precipitation 72, by means of a lyocell process is thus carried out based on a starting material 110 which in turn comprises cellulose and elastane.

[0098] Furthermore, the method may include post-processing 74 of the precipitated lyocell cellulose to obtain the molded body 102 from the preform of the molded body 110. Such post-processing may include, for example, drying, impregnating, and / or reshaping the resulting filaments into the final molded body 102. For example, the molded body 102 may be processed by the described manufacturing method into fibers, a film, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a sphere, a porous sponge, or beads and then subjected to further use (see reference numeral 76).

[0099] After use of the molded body 102, its cellulose and elastane can advantageously be recovered again by performing a further process corresponding to the process steps between reference numerals 78 and 74 (see block 80). Alternatively, the cellulose, elastane, and optionally further synthetic plastic of the molded body 102 can be recovered in another process (see further block 80), for example, a viscose process. This multiple repeatability of recycling by means of repeated process steps is made possible by the realization that an improvement in fiber properties, in particular strength, is surprisingly well achieved by recycling elastane-containing cellulose starting materials.

[0100] Figure 2shows an apparatus 100 for producing a regenerated cellulosic molded body 102 by means of a lyocell process based on a starting material comprising cellulose and elastane, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, which is described with reference to Figure 1 was described.

[0101] Figure 2 shows an apparatus 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention for producing a cellulose-containing molded body 102, which can be produced, for example, in the form of a nonwoven, as a fiber, film, sphere, textile fabric, sponge or in the form of beads or flakes. According to Figure 2The shaped body 102 is produced directly from a spinning solution 104. The latter is converted into cellulose fibers 108 as a shaped body 102 by means of a coagulation fluid 106 (in particular from atmospheric moisture) and / or a coagulation bath 191 (for example, a water bath optionally containing tertiary amine oxides such as N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO)). A lyocell process can be carried out by means of the apparatus 100. In this way, for example, substantially continuous filaments or fibers 108 or mixtures of substantially continuous filaments and fibers 108 of discrete lengths can be produced as the shaped body 102. A plurality of nozzles, each having one or more openings 126 (which can also be referred to as spinning holes), are provided to eject lyocell spinning solution 104.

[0102] How Figure 2can be removed, a cellulose-based starting material 110 can be fed to a storage tank 114 via a dosing device 113.

[0103] According to one embodiment, water can be introduced into the cellulose-based starting material 110 by a solvent 116 (particularly NMMO) described in more detail below. The cellulose-based starting material 110 itself can also already contain a certain residual moisture (dry pulp, for example, often has a residual moisture content of 5 to 8 percent by weight). In particular, according to the described embodiment, the starting material 110 can be added directly to a mixture of water and solvent 116 without pre-moistening. Figure 2 The optional water tank 112 shown can then be omitted.

[0104] According to an alternative embodiment, the cellulose-containing starting material 110 can be additionally moistened to thereby provide moist cellulose. For this purpose, water from an optional water container 112 can be supplied to the storage tank 114 via the dosing device 113. Therefore, the dosing device 113, controlled by a control device 140, can supply adjustable relative amounts of water and starting material 110 to the storage tank 114.

[0105] A suitable solvent 116, preferably tertiary amine oxides such as N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO), or an aqueous mixture of the solvent 116, for example, a 76% solution of NMMO in water, is contained in a solvent container. The concentration of the solvent 116 can be adjusted in a concentrating device 118 by adding either pure solvent or water. The solvent 116 can then be mixed with the starting material 110 in definable relative amounts in a mixing unit 119. The mixing unit 119 can also be controlled by the control unit 140. As a result, the cellulose-containing starting material 110 is dissolved in the concentrated solvent 116 in a dissolving device 120 in adjustable relative amounts, thereby obtaining the lyocell spinning solution 104.The relative concentration ranges (also referred to as spinning windows) of the components starting material 110, water and solvent 116 in the spinning solution 104 for producing cellulosic regenerated molded bodies by the Lyocell process can be suitably adjusted, as is known to a person skilled in the art.

[0106] The lyocell spinning solution 104 is fed to a fiber generating device 124 (which may be configured with a number of spinning beams or jets 122).

[0107] When the lyocell spinning solution 104 is passed through the openings 126 of the jets 122, it is divided into a plurality of parallel threads of lyocell spinning solution 104. The described process transforms the lyocell spinning solution 104 into increasingly long and thin threads, whose properties can be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the process conditions, controlled by the control unit 140. Optionally, a gas flow can accelerate the lyocell spinning solution 104 on its path from the openings 126 to a fiber take-up unit 132.

[0108] After the lyocell spinning solution 104 has moved through the jets 122 and further downwards, the long and thin threads of the lyocell spinning solution 104 interact with the coagulation fluid 106.

[0109] Upon interaction with the coagulation fluid 106 (for example, water), the solvent concentration of the lyocell spinning solution 104 is reduced, so that the cellulose of the starting material 110 coagulates or precipitates at least partially as long and thin cellulose fibers 108 (which may still contain residues of solvent and water).

[0110] During or after the initial formation of the individual cellulose fibers 108 from the extruded lyocell spinning solution 104, the cellulose fibers 108 are taken up at the fiber take-up unit 132. The cellulose fibers 108 can be Figure 2shown coagulation bath 191 (for example, a water bath, optionally comprising a solvent such as NMMO) and can complete their precipitation upon interaction with the liquid of the coagulation bath 191. Depending on the process setting of the coagulation, the cellulose can form cellulose fibers 108 (as shown, wherein the cellulose fibers 108 can be fused together ("merging") or can be present as separate cellulose fibers 108) or a film or foil of cellulose can form on the fiber receiving unit 132 (not shown in Figure 2 shown).

[0111] The cellulose fibers 108 are thus extruded from the spinnerets of the jets 122 and guided through the spin bath or coagulation bath 191 (containing, for example, water and NMMO in low concentrations for precipitation / coagulation). The cellulose fibers 108 are guided around a respective deflection roller 193 in the coagulation bath 191 and fed outside the coagulation bath 191 to a take-off godet 195. The take-off godet 195 ensures further transport and re-drawing of the cellulose fibers 108 to achieve a desired linear density. After the take-off godet 195, the fiber bundle of the cellulose fibers 108 is washed in a washing unit 180, optionally finished, and finally cut (not shown).

[0112] Although this is Figure 2not shown, solvent 116 of the lyocell spinning solution 104, which has been removed from the cellulose fibers 108 during coagulation and subsequent washing in the washing unit 180, can be at least partially recovered or recycled and returned to the storage tank 114 in a subsequent cycle.

[0113] During transport along the fiber take-up unit 132, the molded body 102 (here in the form of cellulose fibers 108) can be washed by the washing unit 180, which supplies a washing liquid to remove solvent residues. The molded body 102 can then be dried.

[0114] The molded body 102 may further be subjected to a post-treatment, see the schematically illustrated post-treatment unit 134. For example, such a post-treatment may include hydroentangling, needling, impregnation, steam treatment with steam supplied under pressure and / or calendering, etc.

[0115] The fiber take-up unit 132 can feed the molded body 102 to a winding device 136, on which the molded body 102 can be wound. The molded body 102 can then be fed as rolled goods to an entity that manufactures products such as wipes or textiles based on the molded body 102.

[0116] Figure 3shows a cross-sectional view of a cellulose fiber 200 produced by a lyocell process. The cellulose fiber 200 produced by a lyocell process has a smooth, round outer surface 202 and is filled with cellulose material homogeneously and free of macroscopic holes. It can therefore be clearly distinguished by a person skilled in the art from cellulose fibers produced by a viscose process (see reference numeral 204 in Figure 4 ) and cellulose fibres from cotton plants (see reference 206 in Figure 5 ) can be distinguished.

[0117] Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a cellulose fiber 204 produced using a viscose process. The cellulose fiber 204 is cloud-shaped and has a plurality of arcuate structures 208 along its outer circumference.

[0118] Figure 5shows a cross-section of a natural cellulose fiber 206 from a cotton plant. The cellulose fiber 206 is kidney-shaped and has a material-free lumen 210 inside, forming a fully enclosed cavity.

[0119] Based on the significant geometric and structural differences of the fibers according to Figure 3 to Figure 5 It is possible for a person skilled in the art, for example under a microscope, to determine unambiguously whether a cellulose fibre has been formed by the lyocell process, by the viscose process or naturally in a cotton plant.

[0120] Additionally, it should be noted that "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. Furthermore, it should be noted that features or steps described with reference to one of the above embodiments may also be used in combination with other features or steps of other embodiments described above. Reference signs in the claims are not to be considered as limitations.

Claims

1. Regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) manufactured according to a lyocell method, which comprises elastane, wherein the elastane is incorporated in the molded body (102).

2. The regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) according to claim 1, wherein the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) comprises at least 0.1% polyurethane and wherein at least 10% of the polyurethane is assigned to elastane.

3. The regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) comprises 0.1% to 5% elastane.

4. The regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one further synthetic plastic, in particular less than 2 %, from the group comprising polyester, polyamide, polyurethane and polyether.

5. The regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) according to claim 4, wherein at least a part of the further synthetic plastic comprises at least one compatibility which is at least one from the group consisting of ester compatibility, amide compatibility and ether compatibility.

6. The regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the further synthetic plastic is at least partially incorporated in the cellulose.

7. The regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) comprises at least one of the following features: the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) is selected from the group which comprises a fiber, a foil, a sphere or a sponge; the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) has a fiber extensibility which is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, higher than the fiber extensibility of a conventional lyocell fiber; the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) has strength values of a conventional lyocell fiber; the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) has a reduced tendency to fibrillation compared to a conventional lyocell fiber.

8. Method for manufacturing a regenerated cellulosic molded body (102), wherein the method comprises: providing (78) a starting material (110), which comprises cellulose and elastane, in particular wherein the elastane is present in the starting material (110) separately from the cellulose, wherein the starting material (110) is a solid body; and generating (80) the molded body (102) comprising cellulose by means of a lyocell method on the basis of the starting material (110), such that the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) comprises at least a part of the elastane of the starting material (110), wherein the part of the elastane of the starting material (110) is incorporated in the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102).

9. Method according to claim 8, wherein the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) comprises a portion of synthetic plastic, which originates at least to the extent of 0.1% from the starting material (110).

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the starting material (110) entirely or partially comprises redisues from the manufacture of clothing and / ir clothes.

11. The method according to any of the claims 8 to 10, further comprising: dissolving (68) the starting material (110) in a solvent (116) by means of a direct dissolving method, in particular in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide, NMMO, in order to obtain a spinning solution (104); extruding (70) the spinning solution (104) through spinning nozzles, particularly at less than 150°C, such that an at least partial incorporation of synthetic plastic, in particular elastane, into the cellulose is made possible.

12. The method according to one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising: feeding (64) into the spinning solution (104) at least one substance from the group consisting of cellulose fibers, foreign materials, pulp, hemicellulose and cellulose fibers with short chain length.

13. Method according to one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the starting material (110) comprises at least one further synthetic plastic from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, polyurethane and polyether.

14. Method according to claim 13, further comprising: at least partially retaining a first additional synthetic plastic, in particular one from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, and polyether, from the starting material (110) for generating the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102), such that the first additional synthetic plastic is substantially included in the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102); and / or removing, in particular completely removing, a second additional synthetic plastic, in particular one from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide and polyether, from the starting material, such that the second additional synthetic plastic is substantially not included in the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102), in particular wherein the first additional synthetic plastic is different from the second additional synthetic plastic.

15. The method according to one of claims 13 or 14, further comprising: feeding (64) at least one further starting material, which comprises cellulose and at least one synthetic plastic, in particular one synthetic plastic from the group consisting of elastane, polyester, polyamide, polyether and polyurethane, wherein the portion of synthetic plastic in the starting material (110) and the further starting material is different; and generating the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) based on the starting material (110) and the further starting material, such that the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) has at least one predetermined property.